PASSIVE INFRARED SENSORS

PRESENTED BY

C.VENUGOPAL venuthegr8@gmail.com

K.V.SAI SRI HARSH krvsai@gmail.com

III B.TECH DEPARTMENT OF ECE VAISHNAVI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY TANAPALLI (V), TIRUPATHI, CHITTOOR DIST.
1

I. ABSRACT:

` All objects above absolute zero emit energy in the form of radiation. Usually infrared radiation is invisible to the human eye but can be detected by electronic devices designed for such a purpose. The term passive in this instance means that the PIR device does not emit an infrared beam but merely passively accepts incoming infrared radiation. Infra meaning below our ability to detect it visually, and Red because this color represents the lowest energy level that our eyes can sense before it becomes invisible. Thus, infrared means below the energy level of the color red, and applies to many sources of invisible energy. The PIR (Passive Infra-Red) Sensor is a Pyro-electric device that detects motion by measuring changes in the infrared (heat) levels emitted by surrounding objects. When motion is detected the PIR sensor outputs a high signal on its output pin. This logic signal can be read by a Microcontroller or used to drive an external load. Pyro-electric devices, such as the PIR sensor, have elements made of a crystalline material that generates an electric charge when exposed to infrared radiation. The changes in the amount of infrared striking the element change the voltages generated, which are measured by an on-board amplifier. The device contains a special filter called a Fresnel lens, which focuses the infrared signals onto the element. As the ambient infrared signals change rapidly, the on-

board amplifier trips the output to indicate motion. Key features include longer detection range, selectable by onboard jumper wider supply voltage from 3 to 6 V DC, Higher output current provides for direct control of an external load, Small size makes it easy to conceal, Detection range up to 15 ft away on short setting, up to 30 ft away on long setting (Jumper selects short or long settings). Future Electronics expects the rate of adoption of PIR sensors to grow fast, with applications such as surveillance and alarm systems, as well as power saving devices, driving increased usage. Keywords: Pyro-Electric Fresnel lens. device, Infrared,