THIT K N MN HC CHI TIT MY

1 : Thit k h truyn dn c kh ca h thng bng ti

Cc s liu cho trc :
Lc vng nh mc trn tang : P=15(KN)
Vn tc vng bng ti : V=0,45 m/s
ng knh tang : D=400 mm
Thi gian lm vic 7 nm 260 ngy 2 ca 6 gi
Tnh cht ti trng : Tnh

LI NI U
Thiet ke o an mon hoc chi tiet may la mot
mon hoc co y ngha rat quan trong oi vi sinh
vien, giup cho sinh vien lam quen vi cong viec
nghien cu, thiet ke,tnh toan cac mon hoc trong
nghanh c kh noi chung va nghanh c kh che tao
may noi rieng.
Thiet ke o an mon hoc chi tiet may ren
luyen cho sinh vien co y thc nghiem tuc trong
viec tnh toan thiet ke, phai biet van dung trnh
o hieu biet cua ban than ket hp vi s
hng dan cua thay giao va cac tai lieu tham
khao khac.
e thiet ke che tao ra mot chi tiet hay bo
phan may hoan thien co hnh dang, kch thc
thoa man cac yeu cau ve kinh te ky thuat a
at ra, o thc s la mot cong viec kho khan
cho sinh vien, mat khac trnh o ban than con co
han. V vay mac du thi gian lam thiet ke keo
dai nhng ket qua cua viec tnh toan thiet ke
chac chan khong the tranh khoi nhng thieu
sot, rat mong c s gop y cua thay giao
hng dan.
Sinh vien thc hien: Nguyen
Thanh Quoc.

Muc luc
I.Tnh toan thong so ky thuat cua he thong truyen dan
I.1.Chon s o hop giam toc.........................
.......................................................................................5
I.2.Chon ong c truyen ong .......................
.......................................................................................6
I.3.Phan phoi ty so truyen............................
.......................................................................................7

II.Tnh toan thiet ke truyen ong ai hnh thang

II.1.Chon loai ai..................................................
.......................................................................................8
II.2.Xac nh ng knh banh ai..................
...................................................................................9
II.3.Chon s bo khoang cach truc Asb.............
...................................................................................9
II.4.Xac nh chnh xac chieu dai ai L va khoang cach
truc A.........................................................................9
II.5.Kiem nghiem goc om tren banh ai.....
...................................................................................10
II.6.Xac nh so ai can thiet........................
.......................................................................................10
II.7.Xac nh kch thc banh ai...................
.......................................................................................10
II.8.Xac nh lc tac dung len truc...............
.......................................................................................10

III. Tnh toan thiet ke bo truyen ong banh rang

trong hop giam toc
III.1.Tnh toan thiet ke cap banh rang cap nhanh
III.1.1 Chon Vat Lieu
..................................................................................................................
11
III.1.2. Xac nh ng suat tiep xuc cho phep
..................................................................................................................
12
III.1.3. Chon s bo he so tai trong

..................................................................................................................
13
III.1.4. Chon he so chieu rong banh rang
..................................................................................................................
13
III.1.5. Xac nh khoang cach truc A
..................................................................................................................
13
III.1.6. Tnh van toc vong va chon cap chnh xac che
tao banh rang
..................................................................................................................
13
III.1.7. Xac nh chnh xac khoang cach truc A
..................................................................................................................
14
III.1.8. Xac nh modul, so rang, chieu rong cua banh
rang
..................................................................................................................
14
III.1.9. Kiem tra sc ben uon cua rang
..................................................................................................................
14
III.1.10 Kiem nghiem rang theo ieu kien qua tai ot
ngot
..................................................................................................................
14
III.1.12 Tnh lc tac dung len truc
..................................................................................................................
15
III.1.11 Cac thong so hnh hoc cua banh rang
..................................................................................................................
15
III.2 Tnh roan thiet ke bo truyen banh rang cap
cham
III.2.1.Chon Vat Lieu
..................................................................................................................
15
III.2.2 Chon cac thong so hnh hoc
..................................................................................................................
15
III.2.3.Xac nh ng suat tiep xuc cho phep
..................................................................................................................
16

III.2.4. Chon he so chieu rong banh rang

..................................................................................................................
17
III.2.5. Kiem tra ieu kien ng suat tiep xuc
..................................................................................................................
17
III.2.6. Kiem tra ieu kien uon
..................................................................................................................
18
III.2.7. Kiem nghiem rang theo ieu kien qua tai ot
ngot
..................................................................................................................
18
III.2.8. Cac thong so hnh hoc cua banh rang
..................................................................................................................
18
III.2.9. Tnh lc tac dung len truc
..................................................................................................................
18
KIEM TRA IEU KIEN BOI TRN
...............................................................................................
19
IV Tnh toan truc
IV.1.Tnh toan s bo truc
...............................................................................................
19
IV.2.Tnh gan ung
...............................................................................................
19
IV.3.Xay dng s o tnh toan truc
...............................................................................................
20
IV.4.
Xac
nh
ng
knh
truc:
...............................................................................................
21

V.Thiet ke goi o truc :

........................................................................................................
33

VI. Thiet ke khp noi

........................................................................................................
36

PHAN MOT
I.TNH TOAN THONG SO KY THUAT CUA HE
THONG TRUYEN DAN
I.1 Chon s o ong hop giam toc

He thong truyen dan co the bao gom hop giam toc,

cac bo truyen banh rang h va truyen ong ai,trong
o hop giam toc la cum chi tiet quan trong, va c ban
nhat. Lc o hop giam toc la oi tng can xac nh
va thiet ke hop giam toc cung la noi dung c ban nhat
cua thiet ke o an chi tiet may.
Hop giam toc la he c cau gom cac banh rang tru tao
thanh to hp biet lap co nhiem vu giam so vong quay,
truyen cong suat t ong c en c cau cong tac.

Chung ta nghien cu bo truyen banh rang tru rang

thang ong truc.
Hnh ve
Loai hop giam toc ong truc co u iem:
_ Cho phep truyen cong suat gia hai truc co ng tam
trung nhau cac che o toc do khac nhau.
_ Hop giam toc ong truc co kha nang giam kch thc
chieu dai va trong lng cua hop.
_T so truyen ong 8-20,
Nhc iem cua loai hop giam toc ong truc la:
_ Tang kch thc chieu rong cua hop.
_ Kha nang tai cua cap nhanh thng khong s dung
het v lc an khp cua cap cham ln hn nhieu so vi
cap nhanh ,trong khi o khoang cach truc 2 cap lai bang
nhau (xac nh theo ch tieu bean tiep xuc).
_ Ket cau hop phc tap do goi gia hop,rat kho boi
trn cho o at trong goi nay.
_ Khoang cach gia cac goi cua truc trung gian
ln,e am bao o ben va o cng can tang ng
knh truc.

I.2)Chon ong c truyen ong

I.2.1) Xac nh cong suat ong c :

1)Cong suat lam viec Nlv: bo truyen lam viec vi tai

khong oi
N LV =

P V 15 10 3 0, 45
=
= 7,5(KW )
1000
1000

2)Cong suat yeu cau t ong c Nyc

N YC =

N lv

ht
ht =dai br 1 br 2 o knoi btai
trong o:
br 12 :hieu suat tng ng cua cap o cong suat chia
oi
-da vao bang 1:gia tr hieu suat trung bnh cua mot so
bo truyen ong thong dung
_ta chon gia tr hieu suat cua cac bo truyen :
+bo truyen banh rang tru: 0.97 (truyen ong kn)
+bo truyen ong ai: 0.96
+mot cap o trt: 0.995
+khp noi:1
+bang tai: 0.87
7

N
i =1

ht

= 0,96 0,97 2 0,995 4 1 0,87 = 0,77

N lv

N ycdc =

7,5
= 9,74 ( KW )
0,77

I.2.2)Chon ong c truyen dan:

ong c ien chon phai co gia tr cong suat nh mc
phu hp, khi lam viec can thoa man: khong phat nong
qua nhiet o cho phep, co kha nang qua tai trong thi
gian ngan, co momen m may u ln thang momen
can ban au . ong c c chon co cong suat nh mc
thoa :
Nm> Nycc
Chon ong c ien khong ong bo 3 pha roto long soc
kieu K 62-4
Loai

N
m

K 62-4 10

n
m

cos

Mm/M
m

Mmax/Mm

146
0

0,8
8

1,3

2.3

(GD)

M(kg)

0,6

17
0

I.3)Phan phoi ty So truyen ong :

Ty so truyen chung cua he thong c xac nh:

i=

ndc
ntan g

ntan g =

60 100 V 60 1000 0.45

=
= 21, 23(vong / phut )
D
3,14 400

1460
= 68 ,77
21,23
i = i ngoaihop i hop = i dai ibr 1 ibr 2
i=

i dai = 4,23
ibr 1 ibr 2 = 16
ibr 1 = i nhanh
ibr 2 = icham

Hop giam toc co s o nam ngang e banh rang b

dan cap nhanh va cap cham ngam dau nh nhau ta co
the chon :
inhanh =icham = ibr 1 = ibr 2 = 4
+Hieu suat truyen ong gia cac truc:
T truc 1 sang truc 2:
12 =dai = 0,96

T truc 2 sang truc 3

2 3 =1capo br 1 = 0,995 0,97 = 0,965

T truc 3 sang truc 4

34 =1capo br 2 = 0,995 0,97 = 0,965

T trc 4 sang truc 5

4 5 = 21capo kn btai = 0,9952 1 0,87 = 0,86

+Cong suat truyen tren cac truc:
N1=Nycdc=9,74(KW)
N2= 1-2 N1=0,96 9,74 = 8,35 (KW)
N3= 2-3 N2=0,96 8,35 = 8,02 (KW)
N4= 3-4 N3=8,02 0,965 = 7,74 (KW)
N5=45 N4=0.86 7,74=6,65(KW)
+Toc o quay cac truc:
n 1 =nc=1460(v/ph)
n2 =

1460
4,23

=345,15(v/ph)

345 ,15
= 86,28(v/ph)
4
86 ,28
n4=n5=
=21,57(v/ph)
4

n3=

+Momen xoan tren cac truc:

Mx1=9.55 10 6

N1
9,74
=9.55 106
=63710,27(N.mm)
n1
1460

Mx2= i12 12 M x1 = 4,23 0,96 63710 ,27 = 258714 ,66 ( N .mm )

Mx3= i23 23 M x 2 = 4 0,965 258714 ,66 = 998633 ,6( N .mm )
Mx4= i34 34 M x 3 = 4 0,965 998633 ,6 = 3854745 ,01( N .mm )
Mx5= i45 45 M x 4 = 1 0,86 3854745 ,01 = 3315030 ( N .mm )

BANG THONG KE CAC SO LIEU CUA HOP

GIAM TOC
N(KW)
i
N(vg/ph)
Mx

Truc
ong c
9,74
4,23
1460
63710,27

II

III

IV

8,35

8,02

7,74

6,65

21,57
3854745,
01

1
21,57
3315030,7
1

4
345,15
258714,6
6

4
86,28
998633,6

II.TNH TOAN THIET KE TRUYEN ONG AI HNH

THANG
9

II.1)Chon loai ai :
Chon tiet dien ai thang theo gia tr momen xoan tren
truc dan
theo17trang 44(thiet ke o an mon hoc chi tiet may)
M1 =63,71 (N.mm) chon ai thang

b=17(mm)
bc=14(mm)
h=10.5(mm)
Yo=4 (mm)
ng knh banh ai:Dmin=125(mm)
Dien tch tiet dien: 138( mm 2 )

II.2)Xac nh ng knh banh ai.

Theo bang 18 ta chon ng knh banh ai hnh thang

D1=140(mm)
Kiem nghiem van toc ai theo ieu kien:
D1 n1 3,14 140 1460
V =

6 10 4

6 10 4

= 15.28(m / s ) (30 35)m / s

Tnh ng knh banh ai ln theo cong thc:

D2 = i D1 (1 ) = 4,23 140 0,98 = 530 ,104

Ta chon D2=560(mm) theo tieu chuan

Kiem nghiem lai so vong quay thc te cua banh b dan
n2:
n2 = (1 )
'

D1
140
v
n1 = 0,98
1460 = 357 ,7( )
D2
560
p

n2tang =4,8 (3 5)%

II.3)Chon s bo khoang cach truc Asb:

0,55 ( D1 + D2 ) + h Asb 2( D1 + D2 )

362 ,5 Asb 1280

Chon Asb= 475mm

II.4)Xac nh chnh xac chieu dai ai L va khoang cach

truc A:
-Tnh chieu dai s bo:

10

( D D1 ) 2

( D1 + D2 ) + 2
2
4 A

(560 140 ) 2
= 2 475 + 700 +
2
4 475
= 22141 (mm )
Lsb = 2 Asb +

chon L=2000(mm)
Kiem tra so vong chay cua dai theo ieu kien:

V D1 n1 3,1 4 1 4 10 4 6 0 thoa man

u= =
=
= 5.0 91 0
L 6 0 L
6 0 2 1 0 0

Khoang cach truc A:

2
2 L ( D2 + D2 ) + [ 2 L ( D2 + D1 )] 8 ( D2 D1 )2

A=
8
2
2 2000 3,14 (140 + 560) + ( 2 2000 3,14 700 ) 8 4202

=
8
= 451mm

II.5)Kiem nghiem goc om tren banh ai:

1 = 180 0

D2 D1
560 140
57 = 180 0
= 167 ,62 > 120 0 thoa man
A
451

II.6)Xac nh so ai can thiet :

F:tiet dien ai:138 ( mm 2 )
[p]0=1.51(

N
) tr so ng suat co ch cho phep
mm 2

Ct=0.8 he so che o tai trong(bang 12)

V=15.28(m/s) Cv=0.94(m/s) he so xet en anh hng
cua van toc
(bang 23)
C =0,86 he so xet en anh hng cua goc om(bang
22)
ta co :
Z
=

1000 N
V p 0 F C t C v C

[ ]

1000 9,74
= 4,7
15 .28 1.51 138 0.8 0.94 0.86

Vay ta chon so ai la 5

II.7)Xac nh kch thc banh ai:

Chieu rong banh ai:

11

B = ( z 1) t + 2 S
= (5 1) 20 + 2 12 ,5
=105 mm

t,S tra bang 7

ng knh ngoai banh ai

Dc1 = D1 + 2 Y0 = 140 + 2 4 = 148 mm

Dc 2 = D2 + 2 Y0 = 50 + 2 4 = 508 mm

II.8)Xac nh lc tac dung len truc:

R 3 0 F Z sin

1
135 ,68
= 3 1,2 138 5 sin
= 2300 ,5( N )
2
2

Lc tac dung len truc coi gan ung co phng tren

ng noi tam hai banh , chieu t banh nay sang banh
kia.

III. TNH TOAN THIET KE BO TRUYEN ONG BANH

RANG TRONG HOP GIAM TOC.
Truyen ong banh rang la mot trong nhng truyen ong
c s dung rong rai trong cac nganh c kh che tao
may noi rieng cung nh trong cac nganh c kh noi chung.
V no co cac u iem noi bat so vi cac dang truyen
ong khac nh: kha nang chu tai ln, kch thc nho
gon, hieu suat cao, ty so truyen co nh, lam viec tin
cay va tuoi tho cao. i oi vi cac u iem vt troi ay
no cung co cac nhc iem nh sau: gay ra va ap khi
co van toc ln, co tieng on khi van toc thay oi va
che tao kho khan.
Cac thong so chu yeu :
Z1 Z2 la so rang cua hai banh rang.
i : la ty so truyen.
t : bc rang o tren vong chia.
m=t/ la modul an khp.
b : chieu rong banh rang.

III.1.TNH TOAN THIET KE CAP BANH RANG CAP

NHANH:
III.1.1 Chon Vat Lieu :
oi vi cac banh rang th loai vat lieu c dung e
che tao chu yeu la thep nhiet luyen ngoai ra ngi ta
co the dung gang hoac chat deo.
oi vi cac bo truyen tai nho ngi ta thng dung
thep co toi cai thien.

12

oi vi cac banh rang chu tai trong ln ma yeu cau

co kch thc nho gon th ngi ta bat buoc dung thep
cacbon hoac thep hp kim nhiet luyen.
oi vi cac banh rang h chu tai ln ma khong yeu
cau kch thc nho gon th ngi ta thng dung gang.
Chat deo c dung oi vi cac banh rang chu tai
nho, yeu cau lam viec t keu, can giam tai trong ong.
Sau khi a chon c loai vat lieu ngi ta phai tien
hanh nhiet luyen e am bao cac c tnh chu yeu cua
vat kieu.
Da vao cac yeu cau ma cap banh rang cap nhan
ay can ta chon nh sau:
+oi vi banh rang nho: th chon C45 thng hoa:
-ng knh phoi:100-300(mm)
- b=580 N/mm2.
- ch=290 N/mm2.
HB = 200, phoi ren.
+oi vi banh rang ln th chon C35 thng hoa.
-ng knh phoi:500-750(mm)
- b=460 N/mm2.
- ch=230 N/mm2.
-HB = 190, phoi ren

III.1.2. Xac nh ng suat tiep xuc cho phep:

a/ng suat tiep xuc cho phep [ ]Tx :
[ tx ] = [ tx ] N0 K ' N

Tronbg o: [ tx ] N ng suat cho phep khi banh rang lam

viec lau dai.
0

K 'N = 6

N0
N td

N0: so chu ky c s cua ng cong moi tiep xuc

Ntd: so chu ky ng suat tng ng
N td = N = 60 u n t
Khi banh rang chu tai trong tnh :
u: so lan an khp cua banh rang trong mot vong quay
(u=1)
n: so vong quay 1 phut cua banh rang
t: tuoi tho cua banh rang
so
gi soca songa
y la
m vie
c

sona
m la
m vie
c
1ca 1nga
y
1na
m
6 2 260
=
7 = 21840(h)
1 1 1

t=

13

 N tdbanhnho = 60 1 345,15 21840 = 331344 103

Tra t bang 30 ta co N 0 = 10 7
N tdbanhlon = 60 1 86, 28 21840 = 82828,8 103

Ntdbanhnho > N0 chon KNbanhnho = 1

Ntdbanhlon > N0 chon KNbanhlon = 1
[ tx]=[ tx]N0= 2,6xHB (N/mm2)

[ tx ] banhnho = [ tx ] N banhnho
0

[ tx ] banhlon = [ tx ] N banhlon
0

N
= 2,6 HB = 2,6 200 = 520
2
mm
N
= 2,6 HB = 2,6 190 = 494
2
mm

b/ ng suat uon cho phep:

Khi banh rang quay mot chieu, ng suat trong rang se

thay oi mach ong.
(1,4 1,6) -1K N

[ u ] =

n K

trong o :
- -1 : la gii han moi uon trong chu ky oi xng co gia
tr :
- -1 =(0,4 0,5) b ta chon -1= 0,45 b
-Vi banh rang nho : ( -1)nho = (0,43 580)=249,4(N/mm2)
-Vi banh rang ln : ( -1)ln = (0,43 460)=197.8(N/mm2)
-n: la he so d tr
-Vi banh rang nho : n=1,5
-Vi banh rang ln : n=1,5
-KS: la he so tap trung ng suat chan rang K =1,8
-KN : la he so chu ky ng suat uon
K '' N = m

N0
N td

5.10 6
= 0.626
82828 ,8 10 3
1.5 249,4 0,626
= 86 ,73(N/mm2 ) ;
[ u ] banhnho =
1.5 1,8
[ u ] banhlon = 1,5197.8 0,626 = 68 ,79 (N/mm2 )
1,51,8

K N'' = 6

c/ Xac nh ng suat qua tai cho phep:

Vi banh rang che tao cho phep t thep co o cng

HB <350 th
-[ txqt]= 2.5 [ tx]N0= 2,5x2,6xHB
-[ txqt]banhnho= 2.5 520= 1300 (N/mm2)
14

-[

] = 2.5 494=1235 (N/mm2)

txqt L

[ ]

uqt banhnho

[ ]

uqt banhlon

N
0,8 ch = 0,8 290 232
2
mm
N
0,8 ch = 0,8 230 = 184
2
mm

III.1.3. Chon s bo he so tai trong :

Ta co the chon Ksb=1,3 1,5, ta chon Ksb=1,3

III.1.4. Chon he so chieu rong banh rang :

oi vi banh rang tru

= b/A

ta chon

III.1.5. Xac nh khoang cach truc A :

A= 0,3.

oi vi banh rang tru rang thang A

2

6
6
1,05.10

1,05.10

K N
1,3 8,35
sb

A (i 1)
= (4 1)3
= 233,25(mm)
4 494 0,35 86,25
i [ txt ] A n2
3

Chon Asb=225 mm.

III.1.6. Tnh van toc vong va chon cap chnh xac che
tao banh rang:
-Van toc vong:
v=

d1 n1 2 A n1 2 3,14 290 345,15

=
=
= 2,09(m/s) 3
6.104
6.104 (i 1)
6.104 (4+ 1)

Vay ta chon cap chnh xac che tao la IT9.

III.1.7. Xac nh chnh xac khoang cach truc A:

- He so tai trong ong K=Ktt.Kd trong o : Ktt: he so tap
trung tai trong oi vi bo truyen chu tai tnh Ktt=1. Kd: la
he so tai trong ong c xac nh theo bang 33 cua
TKCTM Pham Hung Thang. Kd=1.45.
Ta co: A = A sb 3

K
1.45
= 225 3
= 300 (mm)
K sb
1.3

III.1.8. Xac nh modul, so rang, chieu rong cua

banh rang:

- Modul cua banh rang (m): m=(0,01 0,02) A =(0,01 0,02)

300=3 6
Chon m=4 theo tieu chuan
- So rang banh dan: Z1 =

2A
2 300
=
= 24
m(i 1) 4 (4 + 1)

-So rang cua banh rang b dan: Z2=i Z1=96

- Chieu rong banh rang: b= A A=0,3 300=90 mm.

III.1.9. Kiem tra sc ben uon cua rang:

theo cong thc

u =

19,1106 K N
b
y m2

b
n

[ ]

15

+ y: la he so dang rang va c tra bang 36 TKCTMPham Hung Thang ng vi banh rang nho y = 0,412
banh rang ln y = 0,496
+ b: chieu rong banh rang b=90 (mm)
+K=1.45
+N=7,79
oi vi banh rang nho
u =

19,1 106 1, 45 8,35

N
= 21, 75 (N/mm2)<[ u]bn =25,8
2
mm 2
0,412 5 24 345,15 90

oi vi banh rang ln
u =

19,1106 1,45 8,35

N
= 22 ,51 <[ u]bl= 82,02
0,496 52 96 86 ,25 100
mm 2

Vay ieu kien sc ben uon cua rang la thoa man.

III.1.10) Kiem nghiem rang theo ieu kien qua tai

ot ngot:
Kiem tra theo ieu kien:
txqt = tx K qt [txqt ]
Banh rang tru rang thang:
tx =

1.05 10 6
(i 1) 3 K N 1,05 10 6
5 3 1.45 8,35
N

= 484 ,6(
)
A i
b n2
300 4
105 86 ,28
mm 2

Ta thay tx < [ tx ] banhnho , [ tx ] banhlon

K qt =

M max
= 2,3
M

Mmax: momen ln nhat co the cung cap

M: momen xoan danh ngha
txqt = 484 ,6 2,3 = 734 ,93 < [ txqt

banhlon

(1235 ( N / mm 2 ))

uqt = u K qt = 22 ,51 2,3 = 51,77 ( N / mm 2 ) < [ uqt ] = 184 ( N / mm 2 )

III.1.11 Cac thong so hnh hoc cua banh rang :

Theo cac tnh toan phan tren ta co cac thong so sau :

m=4; Z1=24; Z2 = 96; goc an khp t o ta co the xac
nh cac thong so hnh hoc cua banh rang nh sau :
-Khoang cach truc: A=(Z1+Z2)/2

m
4
( Z1 + Z 2 ) = (24 + 96) = 300mm
2
2

- Khoang cach truc: A=300(mm)

- Chieu cao rang: h=2,25 m =2,25 4 = 9(mm)
- o h hng tam : C=0,25 m=0,25 4= 1 (mm)
-ng knh vong chia dc1 = m Z1 = 4 24=96(mm)
dc2 = m Z2 = 4 96= 384 (mm)

16

-ng knh
4=104(mm)

vong

nh

rang:

De1=dc1+2 m=96+2

De2=dc2+2 m=384+2 4=392(mm)

-ng knh vong chan rang:
Di1=dc1-2m-2C=96-2 4-2=86(mm)
Di2=dc2-2m-2C=384-2 4-2=374 (mm)

III.1.12 Tnh lc tac dung len truc:

Lc vong : P12 = P21 =

2 M x
2 9,55106 8,35
=
= 3850 ,62 (N)
d
120 345 ,15

Lc hng tam: Pr11=Pr12=P1= 3244,22 tg20=1180,8 (N)

III.2 TNH ROAN THIET KE BO TRUYEN BANH RANG

CAP CHAM:
Do hop giam toc ong truc ,ta chon thong so hnh hoc
cua cap banh rang cap cham roi sau o kiem tra ieu
kien tiep xuc ,ieu kien bean uon va ieu kien qua tai
ot ngot.

III.2.1.Chon Vat Lieu :

-oi vi banh rang nho: th chon C55 thng hoa:
-ng knh phoi:100-300(mm)
- b=640 N/mm2.
- ch=320 N/mm2.
HB = 230, phoi ren.
-oi vi banh rang ln th chon C50 thng hoa.
-ng knh phoi:300-500(mm)
- b=580 N/mm2.
- ch=290 N/mm2.
-HB = 220, phoi ren

III.2.2 Chon cac thong so hnh hoc :

-i=4
-m=(0,01-0,02) A=(0,01-0,02)
-chon A = 0,3
- K = K tt K d = 1 1,1 = 1,1
-So rang banh dan :
Z1 =

2 A
2 300
=
= 30
m (i +1)
4 5

-So rang banh b dan:

Z 2 = i Z 1 = 4 30 = 120

-Chieu rong banh rang :

b = A A = 0,3 300 = 90mm
17

300=3-6, chon m=4

III.2.3.Xac nh ng suat tiep xuc cho phep:

a/ ng suat tiep xuc cho phep [ ]tx :

[ ]tx=[ ]txno KN
Tronbg o [ ]txNo : ng suat cho phep khi banh rang lam
viec lau dai.
- Banh rang nho thep C55 co:
K 'N = 6

N0
N td

N0: so chu ky c s cua ng cong moi tiep xuc

Ntd: so chu ky ng suat tng ng
Khi banh rang chu tai trong tnh :
Ntd= N=60 u n t
u: so lan an khp cua banh rang trong mot vong
quay (u=1)
n: so vong quay 1 phut cua banh rang
t: tuoi tho cua banh rang
so
gi soca songa
y la
m vie
c

sona
m la
m vie
c
1ca 1nga
y
1na
m
= 21840(h)

t=

Ntdbanhnho= 60 1 86,28 21840=82828,8 103

Ntdbanhlon=60 1 21,57 21840=20707,2 10 3
Ntdbanhnho > N0 chon KNbnho=1
Ntdbanhlon > N0 chon Knblon=1
[ tx ] = [ tx ] N
0

N
)
mm 2
N
= 2,6 HB = 2,6 220 = 572(
)
mm 2

[ tx ] bnho = [ tx ] N 0bnho = 2,6 HB = 2,6 230 = 598(

[ tx ] blon = [ tx ] N 0blon

b/ ng suat uon cho phep:

Khi banh rang quay mot chieu, ng suat trong rang se

thay oi mach ong.
(1,4 1,6) -1K N

[ u] =

n K

trong o :
- -1 : la gii han moi uon trong chu ky oi xng co gia
tr :
- -1 =(0,4 0,45) b ta chon -1= 0,43 b
-Vi banh rang nho : ( -1)nho = (0,45 640)=275,2(N/mm2)
-Vi banh rang ln : ( -1)ln = (0,43 580)=249,4(N/mm2)
-n: la he so d tr
-Vi banh rang nho : n=1,5
18

-Vi banh rang ln : n=1,5

-KS: la he so tap trung ng suat chan rang K =1,8
-KN : la he so chu ky ng suat uon
K '' N

N0
N td
K N'' = 6

5 10 6
= 0,626
82828 ,8 10 3

5 10 6
= 0.789
20707 ,2 10 3
1.5 275,2 0.626
= 95 ,7(N/mm2 ) ;
[ u ] bnho =
1.5 1,8
1,5 249,4 0,789
[ u ] blon =
= 96,9(N/mm2 )
1,51,8
''
K Nblon
=6

c/ Xac nh ng suat qua tai cho phep:

Vi banh rang che tao cho phep t thep co o cng

HB <350 th
-[ txqt]= 2.5 [ tx]N0= 2,5 2,6xHB
-[ txqt]N= 2.5 598= 1495 (N/mm2)
-[ txqt]L= 2.5 572= 1430 (N/mm2)
- [ uqt ] bnho 0,8 ch 0,8 320 = 256(
- [ uqt ] blon 0,8 ch

N
)
mm 2
N
0,8 290 = 232(
)
mm 2

III.2.4. Chon he so chieu rong banh rang

+bo truyen banh rang tru : A

b
A

+bo truyen banh rang co nh chu tai trung bnh A = 0,3

III.2.5. Kiem tra ieu kien ng suat tiep xuc

tx =

tx =

1,05 10 6
(i + 1) 3 K N

A i
b n 2

1, 05 106
(4 + 1)3 1,1 8,35

= 311, 49 N
mm 2
300 4
105 86, 28

III.2.6. Kiem tra ieu kien uon

u =

19 ,1 10 6 K N
y m 2 z n b

19

 ublon

19,1 10 6 K N
= 89,45 N
< [ u ] bnho = 107 N
mm 2
mm 2
0,451 4 2 30 86,28 105
19,1 10 6 K N
=
= 65( N
) < [ u ] blon = 96 ,9 N
mm 2
mm 2
0,62 4 2 120 86 ,28 105

ubnho =

III.2.7. Kiem nghiem rang theo ieu kien qua tai ot

ngot:
Kiem tra theo ieu kien:
txqt = tx K qt [txqt ]
uqt = u K qt

) < [ ]
mm
) < [ ]
= 52,72 2,3 = 12 1,25( N
mm
(

txq t = 5 6 0 2,3 = 8 4 9,3 N

uqt

txq t b lo n

( mm )
)
= 23 2( N
mm

= 1 4 3 0N

u q t b lo n

III.2.8. Cac thong so hnh hoc cua banh rang :

Theo cac tnh toan phan tren ta co cac thong so

sau :
m=4; Z1=30; Z2 = 120; goc an khp t o ta co the
xac nh cac thong so hnh hoc cua banh rang nh
sau.
- Khoang cach truc: A=300(mm)
- Chieu cao rang: h=2,25 m =2,25 4 = 9(mm)
- o h hng tam : C=0,25 m=0,25 4= 1 (mm)
-ng knh vong chia dc1 = m Z1 = 4 30=120(mm)
dc2 = m Z2 = 4 120= 480 (mm)
-ng knh vong nh rang: De1=dc1+2 m=120+2
4=128(mm)
De2=dc2+2 m=480+2 4=490(mm)
-ng knh vong chan rang:
Di1=dc1-2m-2C=120-2 4-2=110(mm)
Di2=dc2-2m-2C=480-2 4-2=469 (mm)

III.2.9. Tnh lc tac dung len truc:

2M x
2 9,55106 8,35
=
= 3855 ,23(N)
d
120 345 ,15

Lc vong : P12 = P21 =

Lc hng tam: Pr11=Pr12=P1=3855,23 tg20=1403,19 (N)

KIEM TRA IEU KIEN BOI TRN:

Do khi thiet ke tnh toan hai banh rang ln cua cap

banh rang cap nhanh va cap cham bang nhau nen
khong can kiem tra ieu kien boi trn.

IV.TNH TOAN THIET KE TRUC

20

Truc c che tao t thep cac bon hoac thep hp kim,

ay ta chon thep C45

IV.1.Tnh toan s bo truc :

e xac nh s bo ng knh truc th ta phai da tren
cac gia tr momen xoan tac dung len truc.

dsb C 3
n

Trong o C = 120
N :cong suat truyen (KW)
M :momen xoan truyen tren truc (N.mm)
N :so vong quay cua truc (vong/phut)
C :he so tnh toan.
Vi truc II :
N=8,35 KW
n=345,15 vong/phut
C=120
8,35

dsb1 120 3
= 34 ,7 mm
345,15

Chon dsb1=35mm
Vi truc III :
N=8,02 KW
n=86,18 vong/phut
C=120
8,02

dsb2 120 3
= 54,3mm
86,18

Chon dsb2=55mm
Vi truc IV :
N=7,74 KW
n=21,57 vong/phut
C=120
7,74

dsb3 120 3
= 84mm
21,57

Chon dsb3=85mm

IV.2.Tnh gan ung :

a) Chon s bo o :

Do tren truc ch co lc hng tam nen ta chon o lan

c trung.
e truc II chon o lan c trung co cac thong so sau :

d= 3 5 m m

D= 8 0 m m
B= 2 1 m m

21

e truc III chon o lan c trung co cac thong so

sau :

d= 5 5 m m

D= 1 2 0 m m
B= 2 9 m m

e truc IV chon o lan c trung co cac thong so sau

:

d= 8 5 m m

D= 1 8 0 m m
B= 4 1 m m

IV.3.Xay dng s o tnh toan truc:

- a: la khoang cach t canh cua chi tiet en mat trong

cua hop chon a=10.
- b: la chieu rong cua banh rang b1=105mm; b2=100mm.
- Chieu rong o rang.
- Khoang cach cua cac chi tiet quay: C=20mm.
- Chieu day than hop: =8 12, ta chon =10.
- Khoang cach gia cac goi .
- Chieu cao cua nap va au bulong l3=15 20, ta chon
l3=20mm.
- Chieu dai phan moay lap vi truc l5=(1,2 1,5)d, ta chon
l5=1,3d.
- Khe h gia truc banh rang l7=20.

PHAC THAO HOP GIAM TOC

22

IV.4. Xac nh ng knh truc

a/ Truc II:

Gi thit chieu cac lc tac dung nh hnh ve:

23

Rdai = 2300 ,5 N
P1 = 3850 ,62 N
Pr1 = 1180 ,71N
B
e
+k 3 +hn + 1
2
2
B
l 2 = 2 + k 2 + k1 =
2
brang
l 34 =
+ k1 + k 2
2
l1 =

42
21
+ 15 + 20 +
= 66,5(mm )
2
2
21
105
+ 10 + 15 +
= 88(mm )
2
2
B
105
21
+ 1 =
+ 15 + 10 +
= 88( mm )
2
2
2
=

+Xac nh phan lc cac goi:

Ta co the xac nh phan lc cac goi bang cach lay

momen lan lt theo tng phan oi vi tng goi.
- Ta lan lt lay momen oi viB, ta co:

Bx

= P1 l 2 R Dx (l 2 + l 3 ) = 0

R Dx =

P1 l 2
3850 ,62 88
=
= 1325 ,31( N )
l 2 + l3
2 88

R Ex = P1 R Dx = 3850 ,62 1325 ,31 = 1325 ,31( N )

By

=Rdai l1 Pr1 l 2 + R Dy (l 2 + l 3 ) = 0

R Dy =

Pr1 l 2 Rdai l1 1180 ,71 88 2300 ,5 66 ,5

=
= 278 ,86 ( N )
l 2 + l3
2 88

Vay RDy co chieu ngc lai so vi gia thiet

R By = Rdai + Pr1 + R Dy = 2300 ,5 +1180 ,71 + 278 ,86 = 3760 ,07 ( N )

Qua bieu o ta thay tiet dien nguy hiem nhat tai B v vay
ta tien hanh kiem tra tai o.
Tnh momen uon tiet dien C
2

M uC = M ux + M uy = 116627 ,28 2 + 24539 ,68 2 = 119181 ,03 ( N .mm )

M tdC = M 2UC + 0,75 M 2X = 119181 ,03 2 + 075 258714

= 253773 ,58 ( N )

+ng knh cua truc:

Ta ap dung cong thc: d = 3
[ ]=63N/m.

24

M td
0,1 [ ]

oi vi truc nay th

R dai

R By

RDy
RBx
RDx

l1

l2

P r1

l3

P1
258714

1 1 6 6 2 7 ,2 8

2 4 5 3 9 ,6 8

d1 = 3

253773,58
= 34,27 (mm)
0.1 63

Theo tieu chan ta chon d1=35mm(ngong truc lap vi o)

va ng knh tai ngong truc lap vi banh rang lay
d=42mm(v truc co ranh then.
b) Tnh kiem nghiem truc
Chon then :
- Da vao ng knh truc la 42 ta tra bang 52-a TKCTM ta
the chon c then co cac thong so c ban sau:
b=12(mm)
h=8(mm)
t=5.2(mm)
t1=2.9(mm)
l=90mm

25

(Do truc va moay eu la thep C45,nen chieu sau

ranh then t chon theo kieu II, t = 5,2mm)
Kiem nghiem theo sc ben dap va sc ben cat
2 M X 2 258714,66
N
d =
=
= 29,09( N
2 ) < [ d ] = 150
mm
mm 2
d tl
38 5.2 90
2 M X 2 258714,66
c =
=
= 13,6 N
< [ c ] = 120 N
mm 2
mm2
d bl
35 12 90
+Banh rang c lap co nh, moay bang thep, tai

trong tnh, theo bang 53

+Da vao bang 54 chon

[ d ] = 1 5 0( N m m2 )

[ c ] = 1 2 0N

m m2

+Kiem nghiem truc theo he so an toan :

n=

n 0 nt
n2 + nt2

n =

[ n]

(1) Trong o:

k
a + m

He so an toan ch xet rieng ng suat tiep

1
n =
k
+
d m
t

-V truc quay mot chieu nen ng suat phap bien oi theo

chu ky oi xng
M
=
=
= u
a
max
min W
u

Vi

W =4660 mm 3 (bang
u

56)

u = 119181 ,03 = 26 ,72 N

2
W
4660
mm

-ng suat xoan bien oi theo chu ky mach ong:

a = m =

Vi

max
Mx
=
2
2 W0

W =10040
0

mm 3 (bang

56)

258714 ,66

=
= 7,9 N
2
a
2 10040
mm

-Gii han momen uon va xoan ng vi chu ky oi

xng :

26

 b ta chon
-1=(0,4 0,5)
-1=0,45 b=0,45
2
600=270(N/mm )
b
t-1=(0,2 0,3)
ta
chon
t-1=0,25 b=0,25
2
600=150(N/mm )
-He so anh hng cua tr ng suat trung bnh en sc
ben moi va t ta chon theo vat lieu ay thep cac
bon ta chon. =0.1 va c=0.05 va =1.
-Xac nh he so K0, Kt va 0, t.
Tra bang 57 TKCTM cua PGS.TS Pham Hung Thang ta co
0=0.86, t=0.75.
Tra bang 59 TKCTM cua PGS.TS Pham Hung Thang ta co
K =1,63 ; K =1,5

- Ap suat tren be mat lap ghep <30(N/mm2)

K
= 1 + 0,6( 2,4 1) = 1,84

- Ta tien hanh thay cac gia tr vao cong thc tnh n , n

270

= 2,4 26 ,72 = 4,21

4,21 10,04

n =

4,21 2 +10 ,04 2

n =

150
1,84 7,9 + 0,05 7,9

=10 ,04

= 3,8 [ n] = (1,5 2,5)

3)Kiem nghiem truc ve ieu kien qua tai:

ieu kien ben qua tai cua truc
qt = 2 uqt +3 2 qt = 0,8ch
qt

uqt =

uqt
=
W
u

M
qt
u
W
u

Kqt = 2,3(tnh toan phan banh rang)

Mu = 119181,03
Wu = 0,1 d 3 = 0,1 38 3

uqt

qt =

qt

2,3 119181 ,03

= 49 ,95 N
2
mm
0,138 3

zqt
=
W
0

qt
z 2,3 258714 ,66

=
= 54 ,22 N
2
W
mm
0,2 383
0

= 49 ,95 2 + 3 54 ,22 2 = 106 ,36 N

[ ] = 0,8 = 0,8 3 0 0= 2 4 0( N m m )
)
= 4 9,95 < [ ] = 24 0( N
mm

Ma

qt

qt

ch

qt

27

mm 2

thoa man
4)KIem nghiem truc ve o cng:
v n=3,2 >2.5 nen ta khong can lam bc nay

b/ Truc III:

P3=3855,23(N)
P2=3800,62 (N)
Pr3=1403,18(N)
Pr2=1180,71 (N)
Bbrang
B1
29
105
+ k 2 + k1 +
=
+ 10 + 15 +
= 92 mm
2
2
2
2
Bbrang
B brang
l2 =
+ k1 + k 2 + B1 + C + B3 + k 2 + k1 +
2
2
105
105
=
+ 15 + 10 + 21 + 20 + 41 + 10 + 15 +
= 237 mm
2
2
Bbrang
B
105
21
l3 =
+ k1 + k 2 + 2 =
+ 15 + 10 +
= 92 mm
2
2
2
2
l1 =

28

Xac nh phan lc cac goi:

Ax

= Pr 2 l1 + Pr 3 ( l1 + l 2 ) R Dy ( l1 + l 2 + l 3 ) = 0

RDy =

Pr 2 l1 + Pr 3 ( l1 + l 2 ) 1180 ,8 92 + 41403 ,18 329

=
= 1564 ,54 ( N )
l1 + l 2 + l 3
421

R Ay = Pr 2 + Pr 3 R Dy = 1180 ,8 + 1403 ,18 1564 ,5 = 1019 ,17 ( N )

Ax

= P2 l1 P3 ( l1 + l 2 ) RDx ( l1 + l 2 + l 3 ) = 0

RDx =

P2 l1 P3 ( l1 + l 2 ) 3800 ,62 92 3855 ,23 329

=
= 92759 ,12 ( N )
l1 + l 2 + l 3
421

RDx co chieu ngc lai so vi gia thiet

Ax

= P +R
+ P = 3800 ,62 +3855 ,23 2759 ,12 = 4396 ,73 ( N )
2
Dx
3

RAx co chieu ngc lai so vi gia thiet

RAy
RDy

P2
P r2
RAx

l1

Pr3
l2

C RDx D
l3

2 5 3 8 3 9 ,0 4

3 7 0 7 9 5 ,9 8

Qua
bieu o ta thay tiet dien nguy hiem nhat tai C v vay ta
tien hanh kiem tra tai o.
a/Tai tiet dien C:
Ta co:MUX=370795,98(N/mm); MUY=253839,04(N/mm)
M U = M 2UX + M 2UY = 370795 ,98 2 + 253839 ,04 2 = 449353 (N/mm)
M td = M 2U + 0,75M 2X = 449353

+ 0,75 998633 ,6 2 = 974612 ,7(N/mm)

ng knh cua truc tai tiet dien C :

29

dC 3

M td
0,1 [ ]

[ ] = 50( N m m) tra bang 51

dC = 3

974612,7
=57,8(mm)
0.1 50

Lay d = 65mm.
b)Tai tiet dien B :
Ta co : MUX=93763,64(N/mm); MUY=404499,16(N/mm)
M U = M 2UX + M 2UY = 93763 ,64 2 + 404499 ,16 2 = 415224 ,12 (N/mm)

M td = M 2U + 0,75M 2X = 1061403 ,43 2 + 0,75 998633 ,6 2 = 1061403 ,43 (N/mm)

ng knh cua truc tai B :

dB 3

M td
0.1 [ ]

[ ] = 50( N m m)
dB = 3

tra bang 51

1061403,43
= 59,6(mm)
0.1 50

Lay dB=60 mm
+Tnh kiem nghiem truc
Do ng knh truc lap oan then la dB=60 mm
DC=65 mm
Ta chon 2 then vi thong so sau
Then lap tai B : b=16mm
h=10mm
Then lap tai C : b=18mm
H=11mm
-Kiem nghiem theo sc ben dap va cat then tai B
d =

2 M X 2 998633,6
=
= 56,9 N
< [ d ]
mm 2
d t l 60 6,5 90

(do truc va moay eu bang thep C45 ,nen chieu

sau ranh then ta chon theo kieu II t=6,5mm)
Tra bang 53 chon
d < [ ] d

[ ] d = 15 0( N m m2 )

ieu kien ben cat cua then

2 M x
2 998633,6
c =
=
= 23,08 N
mm 2
d b l 60 16 90

Da vao bang 54 chon

[ c ] = 1 2 0( N m m2 )
30

c = 2 3,0 8 N

m m2

) < [ ]
c

--Kiem nghiem theo sc ben dap va cat then tai C

d =

2 M X 2 998633,6
=
= 48,08 N
< [ d ]
mm 2
d t l
65 7,1 90

(do truc va moay eu bang thep C45 ,nen chieu

sau ranh then ta chon theo kieu II t=7,1mm)

[ ] d = 15 0( N m m2 )

Tra bang 53 chon

d < [ ] d

ieu kien ben cat cua then

2 M x
2 998633,6
c =
=
= 18,96 N
mm 2
d bl
65 18 90

Da vao bang 54 chon

c = 1 8,9 6 N

m m2

) < [ ]

[ c ] = 1 2 0( N m m2 )

c/ Truc IV:

Gia thiet chieu cac lc tac dung len truc nh hnh ve

31

P4 = 3855,23(N)
Pr4 = 1403,18(N)
Bbrang
B3
41
105
+ k 2 + k1 +
=
+ 10 + 15 +
= 98mm
2
2
2
2
Bbrang
B
105
41
l2 =
+ k1 + k 2 + 3 =
+ 15 + 10 +
= 98mm
2
2
2
2
B
41
l 3 = 3 + hn + k 3 =
+ 20 + 15 = 55,5mm
2
2
l1 =

+Xac nh phan lc cac goi:

Ay

= Pr 4 l1 + RCy ( l1 + l 2 ) = 0

RCy =

Pr 4
1403 ,28 98
=
= 701,64 ( N )
l1 + l 2
2 98

RCy co chieu ngc lai vi gia thiet

R Ay = RCy Pr 4 = 701 ,64 1403 ,28 = 701 ,64 ( N )

RAy co chieu ngc lai vi gai thiet

m Ax = P4 l1 + RCx ( l1 + l 2 ) = 0
RCx =

P4 l1 3855 ,23 98
=
= 1927 ,61( N )
l1 + l 2
2 98

RCx co chieu ngc lai

R Ax = RCx P4 = 1927 ,61 3855 ,23 = 1927 ,61( N )

RAx co chieu ngc lai.

32

RAy

RCy

RCx

RAx
A

B P r4

C
l2

l1

l3

Mz

M ux

611 363 2
2 2 2 5 1 8 ,8

M uy

33

Qua bieu o ta thay tiet dien nguy hiem nhat taiB va v

vay ta tien hanh kiem tra tai o.
Ta co:MUX=188305,78(N/mm)
MUY=68760,72(N/mm)

M U = M 2U X + M 2U Y = 188305,782 + 68760,722 = 200467,21 N

mm

M TD = M 2U + 0,75 M 2X = 200467 ,21 2 + 0,75x3854745,012 = 3344320 ,77 (N/mm)

+ng knh cua truc:

dB 3

M td
3344320 ,77
=3
= 84.6mm
0,1 [ ]
0,1 48

theo tieu chan ta chon d3=85mm

3.Kiem tra sc ben cua truc:

Chon then : oivi truc mot ch co 1 then
- Da vao ng knh truc la 85 ta tra bang 7-23 TKCTM ta
the chon c then co cac thong so c ban sau:
b=24(mm)
h=4(mm)
t=9(mm)
l=90mm
d =

2M X
2 3854745 ,01
=
= 111,99 < [ d ]
d t l
85 9 90

Tra bang 53 chon

[ ] d = 150( N m m2 )

ieu kien ben cat cua then

2 M x
2 3854745,01
c =
=
= 41,99 N
mm 2
d bl
85 24 90

Da vao bang 54 chon

c = 3 1,4 5 N

m m2

) < [ ]

[ c ] = 120( N m m2 )

2)Ta tien hanh kiem nghiem truc theo cong thc sau:
n=

n =

n0 xnt
n02 + nt2

[ n]

(1) Trong o :

k
+ m
d

1
n =
k
+ m
t d

-V truc quay mot chieu nen ng suat phap bien oi theo

chu ky oi xng

34

M
=
=
= u
a
max
min W
u
-Vi Wu = 54300 mm 3 (bang 56)
M

200467 ,21

= u =
= 10 ,69 N

2
a W
54300
mm

-ng suat xoan bien oi theo chu ky mach ong:

Mx
a = m = max =
2

2 W0

Vi Wu = 144600 mm 3 (bang 56)

3854745 ,01

=
= 13,32 N
2
a
2 144600
mm

- Gii han momen uon va xoan ng vi chu ky oi xng

:
b ta chon
-1=(0,4 0,5)
-1=0,45 b=0,45
2
600=270(N/mm )
b
t-1=(0,2 0,3)
ta
chon
t-1=0,25 b=0,25
2
600=150(N/mm )
- He so anh hng cua tr ng suat trung bnh en sc
ben moi va t ta chon theo vat lieu ay thep cac
bon ta chon. =0.1 va c=0.05 va =1.
- Xac nh he so K0, Kt va 0, t.
Tra bang 57 TKCTM cua PGS.TS Pham Hung Thang ta co
=0,72, t=0.75.
Tra bang 59 TKCTM cua PGS.TS Pham Hung Thang ta co
K =1,63 ; K =1,5

- Ap suat tren be mat lap ghep <30(N/mm2)

K
= 2,8

K
= 1 + 0,6 ( 2,8 1) = 2,08

- Ta tien hanh thay cac gia tr vao cong thc tnh n , n

n

n =

270
2,8 10 ,96

= 8,79

8,79 5,2

8,79 2 + 5,2 2

n =

150
2,08 13 ,32 0,05 13 ,32

= 5,1

= 4,47 [ n] = 2,5

3)Kiem nghiem truc ve ieu kien qua tai:

ieu kien ben qua tai cua truc
qt = 2 uqt + 3 2 qt = 0,8 ch
qt

35

 uqt =

uqt
=
W
u

M
qt
u
W
u

Kqt = 2,3(tnh toan phan banh rang)

Mu = 650598,3(N/mm)
Wu = 0,1 d 3 = 0,1 85 3

uqt

qt =

qt

2,3 200467

= 7,5 N
2
mm
0,1 85 3

zqt
=
W
0

qt
z
2,3 3854745 ,01

=
= 72 ,18 N

2
W
mm
0,2 85 3
0

= 7,5 2 + 3 72 ,18 2 =125 N

mm 2

[ ] = 0,8 = 0,8 3 0 0= 2 4 0( N m m )
)
= 96,81 < [ ] = 24 0( N
mm

Ma

qt

qt

ch

qt

thoa man

4)KIem nghiem truc ve o cng:

v n=4,7 >2.5 nen ta khong can lam bc nay

V.THIET KE GOI O TRUC :

-Goi la cum cac chi tiet dung e cac truc quay
chu tac dung cua cac lc truyen tren truc va truyen
vao than may. ong thi co tac dung giup cho truc co
v tr xac nh trong c cau.
- Khi thiet ke goi can biet trc cac thong so sau:
tr so, phng chieu va ac tnh cua tai trong, van toc
thi gian phuc vu, ieu kien boi trn va yeu cau thao
lap.

.Chon o lan:
Chon o lan can phai am bao hai yeu cau sau: mot la
phai am bao cac yeu cau ky thuat va phai co tnh
kinh te.
ay ta chon banh rang truk thang nen tren cac truvj
cha no khong phai chu lc doc tru nen ta ch can
chon o bi .

a/Truc I:

36

Ta co

RB =

RC =

2
2
R BX
+ R BY
= 1325 ,31 2 + 3760 ,07 2 = 3986 ,80 ( N )

2
2
RCX
+ RCY
= 1325 ,31 2 + 278 ,86 2 =1354 ,33 ( N )

ay ta tnh toan thet ke cho goi tai B v ay co lc

tac dung ln
O lam viec vi n=354015 v/p
Tai cua o c tnh theo he so kha nang lam viec
C,gia tr cua C xac nh theo cong thc : C=Q (n h)0,3.
Trong o
-n:so vong quay cua o.
-h: la thi gianphuc vu. Lay h bang thig gian s dung
may
h=16000(h)
-Q la tai tron tng ng. (daN)
Vi o Q = R K v K t K d
K v : he so vong quay cua o ,tra bang 67, K v = 1
K t : he so anh hng cua nhiet o,tra bang 69, K t = 1
K d :he so tai ong,tra bang 70, K d = 1
Q = R = 3986 ,8( N ) = 398 ,68 ( daN )
0,3
Ct= C=Q (n h)0,3= 398 ,68 ( 345 ,15 16000 ) = 42001 ,3
Da vao bang 71 ta chon cac thong so sau
K
d
D
B
d2
D2 ng
C
Q
n gii
Kch
hie
knh bi
(cho
han
thc
u
phep
cho
)
vat.
40 35 10 25 55, 79, 20,64 6800 3100
6300
4,5
7
0
2
8
0

b)Truc II:

Ta co

RA =

RD =

2
2
R AX
+ R AY
=

4396 ,73 2 +1019 ,17 2 = 4513 ( N )

2
2
R DX
+ R DY
= 1516 ,5 2 + 2759 ,12 2 = 3171 ,8( N )

37

 ay ta tnh toan thet ke cho goi tai D v ay co lc

tac dung ln
O lam viec vi n=86,28/p.
Tai cua o c tnh theo he so kha nang lam viec
C,gia tr cua C c tnh theo cong thc : C=Q (n h)0,3.
Trong o
-n:so vong quay cua o.
-h: la thi gian phuc vu. Lay h bang thi gian s dung
may
h=16000(h)
-Q la tai tron tng ng. (daN)
Vi o Q = R K v K t K d
K v : he so vong quay cua o ,tra bang 67 K v = 1
K t : he so anh hng cua nhiet o,tra bang 69 K t = 1
K d :he so tai ong,tra bang 70 K d = 1
Q = R = 4513 ( N ) = 451 ,3( daN )
0,3
Ct= C=Q (n h)0,3= 451 ,3 (86 ,28 16000 ) = 31367 ,1
Da vao bang 71 ta chon cac thong so sau
K
hie
u

d2

D2

n
g knh
bi

Q
(cho
phe
p)

n
gi
i
han

411

55

14
0

33

81,
5

113,
7

26,99

12000
0

6000

500
0

c/Truc IV:

Ta co

RA =

RD =

2
2
R AX
+ R AY
= 701 ,64 2 +1927 ,61 2 = 2051 ,33 ( N )

2
2
R DX
+ R DY
= 701 ,64 2 +1927 ,61 2 = 2051 ,33 ( N )

38

Kch
th
c
chov
at.
6

Hai goi co tr so phan lc nh nhau , ta tnh tai 1 goi roi

chon o tng t con lai.
O lam viec vi n=21,57v/p.
Tai cua o c tnh theo he so kha nang lam viec C,gia
tr cua C c tnh theo cong thc : C=Q (n h)0,3.
Trong o
- n:so vong quay cua o.
- h: la thi gian phuc vu. Lay h bang thi gian s dung
may
h=16000(h)
- Q la tai tron tng ng. (daN)
Vi o Q = R K v K t K d
K v : he so vong quay cua o ,tra bang 67 K v = 1
K t : he so anh hng cua nhiet o,tra bang 69 K t = 1
K d :he so tai ong,tra bang 70 K d = 1
Q = R = 2051 ,33 ( N ) = 205 ,13 ( daN )
0,3
Ct= C=Q (n h)0,3= 205 ,1 ( 21,57 16000 ) = 9404

Da vao bang 71 ta chon cac thong so sau

K
d
D
B
d2
D2
n
C
Q
n
hie
g
(cho gii
u
knh
phe han
bi
p)
216 80 14 26 98, 121, 19,0 8400 420 5000
0
6
4
5
0
0

Kch
thc
cho
vat.
3

VI. THIET KE KHP NOI:

Khp noi la chi tiet dung e noi truc hoac chi tiet may
quay.
1)Chon loai noi truc
Da vao yeu cau truyen ong cua c cau ta chon loai
khp noi tru chat.
Trong khp noi truc chat co rat nhieu loai nhng ay
ta chon loai n gian nhat la loai khp noi truc a, e
noi cng 2 truc co ng tam cung nam tren 1 ng
thang va khong xe dch tng oi vi nhau.
ay ta chon vat lieu lam khp noi la thep CT35 uc
roi gia cong s bo.
Mo men xoan cua noi truc c xac nh

39

Mxt = K.Mx = 9,55 10 6

K N
n

Trong o: Mx mo men xoan danh ngha

N- cong suat can truyen qua truc noi (Kw) N = 7,22(Kw)
n- toc o quay cua truc (v/ph ) n = 1460 (v/ph)
K he so tai trong ong , theo bang 78 TKCTM-Pham
Hung Thang ta chon K = 1,2
Vay. M xt

= 9,55 10 6

1,2 7,22
= 3464 ,87 ( N .mm )
23 ,88

[Mx] Mxt
[Mx]=125 Mxt =106
Tra bang 9-2 TKCTM-Nha xuat ban giao duc ta c khp
noi co cac so lieu sau:
.
So
hieu
noi
truc

Mxma

450
0

D2

D0

7285

15
5

27
0

220

22
0

56

Bu long

Khoi
lng
noi
truc

42,8

Dung bu long lap co khe h ,lc siet V can thiet oi vi

moi bulong
V

2 K M x
z f D0

D0 ng knh vong tron qua tam bulong D0 = 220mm

z = 6 so bu long
f = 0,2 he so ma sat
2 1,2 99863360
6 0,2 220
V 9078 ,43 ( N )
V

Bu long c kiem nghiem theo cong thc

40

1,3 V
[ ] K
d12

4
1,3 9078 ,43
=
= 81,28 N
mm 2
13,6 2
3,14
4

Ta co

[ ] K

ch
n

Chon thep lam bu long la thep 45 co ch = 360 MPa ,

n= 1,5( tra bang 8-3 THCTM Nha xuat ban giao duc
[ ] K =

ch 360
=
= 240 N
mm 2
n
1,5

< [ ] K

thoa

Giai chuoi kch thc e xac nh kch thc cho ban

ve che tao

41

Kch thc hop : H

Kch thc nap : N
Kch thc o lan : O
Kch thc truc : T
Kch thc vong chan : C
Kch thc banh rang : B
Cac chuoi kch thc co the lap :
Chuoi 1:

Chuoi 2:

Chuoi 3:

Chuoi 4:

Chuoi 5:

42

N1=N1=10 mm
O1=O1=33 mm
T1=113 mm
B1=112 mm
C1=C1=19 mm
B2=105 mm
H= 452 mm
A 1 = 0 +0 , 76

A 2 = A 5 = 2 0 , 560

A 3 = A 4 = 1+0 ,5

a tb1 =

TA

TA

o1 =

760 2 120
= 47 ,57
0,9 + 1,31 + 2,17 + 2,17 + 2,17 +1,31 + 0,9

(tra bang 9.1 sach Dung sai va lap ghep Ninh c

Ton )
a tb 2 =

TA

( T2
a tb 3

560 120
= 78 ,7
2,17 + 0,9 + 2,52

= B2 + C1' + O1' + A 2 = 105 +19 + 33 + 2 = 159 )

= B1 A 4 =112 1 =111

TA
3
500
= =
= 115 ,2
i4 2,17 + 2,17

( T 3= B2

atb 2

o11 =

TA
4
500
= =
= 115 ,2
i3 2,17 + 2,17

( T5

a tb 4

TA

A 3 =105 1 =104

TA
To1
5
560 120

=
=
= 73 ,3
2,17 +1,31 + 2,52
i5

( T4

= B1 + C1 + O1 + A 5 = 112 +19 + 33 + 2 = 166

)
Chuoi 1 la chuoi khat khe nhat
-Giai chuoi 1:
Ta co atb1 = 47 ,57 ,da vao bang 4.1 ta thay

a = 47 ,57

gan

a = 40 ( IT 9)

Ta chon cap chnh xac 9 lam cap chnh xac chung cua
cac khau

43

+Tra sai lech cua cac kch thc, e lai khau T 1 lam
khau bu tr
Khau tang : H
Khau giam : N1,O1,B1,C1,T1,B2,C1,O1,N1.
Cac khau tang coi nh lo c ban.
Cac khau giam coi nh truc c ban.
Tra bang 1,2 phu luc 1 sach Dung sai va lap ghep Ninh
c Ton ta c cac sai lech kch thc
H 1 = 452 H 9 = 452

+0 ,156

mm

N 1= N 1' =10 h9 =10 0, 036 mm

B1 =112 h9 =112

0 , 087

mm

C1 = C1' =19 h9 =19 0, 052 mm

B2 =105 h9 =105

0 , 097

mm

T1 la khau giam

n 1

e T1 s= E i EI I e j =s 0 0 0 = 0
j= 1
i= 1

( 2 ( ,0 0 ) 3+ ( 2 6( ,0 1 ) +2
e T1 =i E i ES S e j = i ,0 1 5 ,0 7 6 6

(
(
)
(
(
)
i= 1
j= 1
2 ,0 0 5+ 2 2 ,0 0 8 7
= ,0 1 5 ,0 7 6 [6 ,0 0 70 2 2 ,0 1 4 0 ,0 1 4] =7 ,0 40 m1 4m
n 1

T1 = 113 00, 014

-Giai chuoi 2:
T2 la khau tang.
ES T2 = ES

m 1

j =1

i =1

+ ei j ES i = 0 + ( 0,087 0,052 0,12 ) 0

= 0,259 mm
EI T2 = EI

T2 = 159

m 1

j =1

i =1

+ es j EI i = 0,56 + 0 0 = 0,560 mm

0 , 259
0 , 560

mm

-Giai chuoi 3:
A 4 =1+0, 5

B1 khau tang
44

T5 khau giam
n 1

es T5 = EI i EI
i =1

i =1

T5 = 111

0 , 087
0 , 5

i =1

n 1

eiT 1 = ES i ES

es j = 0,087 0 0 = 0,087 mm

ei j = 0 0,5 0 = 0,5mm
j =1

mm

-Giai chuoi 4:
A 3 =1+0, 5

B2 khau tang
T3 khau giam
n 1

es T3 = EI i EI
i =1

i =1

T3 = 104

0 , 087
0 , 5

i =1

n 1

eiT3 = ES i ES

es j = 0,087 0 0 = 0,087 mm

ei j = 0 0,5 0 = 0,5mm
j =1

mm

-Giai chuoi 5:
A 5 = 2 0 , 560

T4 khau tang
ES T4 = ES

m 1

j =1

j =1

+ ei j ES i = 0 + ( 0,12 0,052 0,087 ) 0

= 0,259 mm
EI T4 = EI

T4 = 166

m 1

j =1

j =1

+ es j EI i = 0,56 + 0 0 = 0,560 mm

0 , 259
0 , 560

mm

45