Cc 4. (©The table below shows the mean monthly concentrations of some common air pollutants collected from September to December, 1988 in 2 different districts, A and B, in Hong Kong : Pe Concentrations (gm) pollutants Sept. | Oct. | Nov. | Dec. ** Respirable A 78 | 84 | 90 | 108 suspended particles B 4s | 6 | 72 | 84 ‘Sulphur A so | 96 | 160 | 144 dioxide B o | 4 | % | 56 Nitrogen A is | 24 | 32 | 40 dioxide B 0 ° o 0 ** Respirable suspended particles refer to particles which may be breathed into the human respiratory tract. @ Of these 2 districts, one is Tsimshatsui and the other is Kwai Chung. Which district is Kwai Chung? Explain your answer. (2 marks) (i) Suggest rwo possible long-term solutions which the government should consider to reduce the air pollution problem in district A 2 marks) (i) Suggest an explanation for the changes in the concentrations of respirable suspended particles in both districts from September to December, 1988. (2 marks) (iv) Describe how the body can prevent the entry of respirable suspended particles. 6 marks) END OF PAPER ~1s— 92-CE-810 1-16 92-CE BIO PAPER | HONG KONG EXAMINATIONS AUTHORITY HONG KONG CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION EXAMINATION 1992 BIOLOGY PAPER | 8.30.am-10.00 am (14 hours) This paper must be answered in English 1, Attempt THREE questions only. 2. Bach question consists of three parts. 3. All questions carry equal marks. 4. The diagrams in this paper are NOT necessarily drawn to scale. ORBARE GERM Hong Kong Examinations Authority ‘Al Rights Resarved 1982 92-CE-BIO 1-192.CE-B10 1-2 ‘The following food chains are identified in a given nabitat : D. Based on the food ch ‘green plants -+ grasshoppers ~ spiders -* lizards -> snakes, ‘green plants -> grasshoppers ~> small birds -» snakes green plants -» mosquitoes -+ lizards > snakes green plants -» bees -> small birds > snakes is shown above, answer the following questions : @ @ Gi) @&) Construct a food web showing all the feeding relationships among the organisms concerned. G marks) For the same biomass of green plants, through which food chain (A, B, C or D) would the least amount of energy be (4 marks) Of the four invertebrates, which animal is the most important in helping the perpetuation of the green plants? Explain your (2 marks) ‘Two of the vertebrates are classified into the same group. Q) Name the group. (2) State one external feature which is characteristic of this group. 2 marks) he} ‘The photomicrograph below shows the cross section of two blood vessels associated with a certain organ in a mammal. (The organ is ‘not shown in the photomicrograph.) @ «iy Gi) 9208-810 1-3 ‘Which vessel, X or Y, is an artery ? Explain how an artery is structurally related to its function. (G marks) If these two blood vessels were associated with the kidney, draw a flowchart to show the major organ(s) and blood vvessel(s) that a red blood cell in vessel X has to pass through in order to reach vessel Y. (4 marks) If these two blood vessels were associated with the lungs, compare the concentrations of carbon dioxide and glucose in vessels X and Y. (2 marks) >© 92-CE-BI0 1-4 The table below shows the import and export of sucrose of a growing soya bean leaf in relation to its size. The leaf size is expressed 85 a percentage of the fully expanded leaf area. ‘That is, the leaf reaches its maximum size at 100%. Leaf size Import of sucrose | Export of sucrose (& of fully expanded | into the leat out of the leat leaf area) (arbitrary units) | (arbitrary units) 0 (leaf bud stage) 0 0 10 2 0 20 3 0 30 25 2 40 1s 4 50 0s 8 60 o B 0 0 24 80 0 37 90 0 49 100 (maximum size) 0 15 0 w Gi) Gv) Plot @ graph to show the import and export of sucrose in relation to the leaf size. (@ marks) Explain the difference between the import and export of sucrose when the leaf size changes from 0% to 20%. 3 marks) Read from the graph you have plotted in (i), the range of the leaf sizes within which there are both the import and export of (1 mark) Briefly suggest a method to estimate the leaf area. (2 marks) 2 @ tube 1 tube 2 tube 3 —— 92-0810 1-5 ‘The diagram below shows the urinogenital system of man @ Gi) Gi) Gv) structures A. structure B structure C structures D Which tube (1, 2 or 3) is involved in both reproduction and excretion ? State its role in both processes. @ marks) Name structure D. (0 mark) Explain why a man can survive without structures D but not structures A. @ marks) In a healthy person, which two structures (A, B, C or D) can change in size according to his physiological state? State the importance of these changes. (4 marks) S >