1. Segregation of species memberships on the basis of inherent values and rights of different species is known as speciesism.

Term is usually used for non-humans as all animals have different physical attributes which are given moral value. 2. Holism is the concept that all the properties of a given system cannot be determined or explained by its component parts alone. Rather, the whole system decides how the parts behave. It is a general concept we observe in our daily life activities. For example, simple process of digestion is composed of different biological and chemical processes. 3. Meta-ethics simply means understanding the nature of ethical properties, statements, attitudes, and judgments. For example judgment of what is virtue or what is evil? Or what is goodness or badness? 4. Anthropocentrism is tendency for human beings to regard themselves as the central and most significant figure in the universe.