ACTPrac Test 1

ANSWER SHEET FOR PRACTICE TEST 1
Name:
Date:
School:
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Completely darken ovals with 8
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a No. 2 pencil. If you make a 8
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mistake, be sure to erase mark 8
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completely. Erase all stray 8
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marks.
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Class:
Start with number 1 for each new section. If a section has fewer questions than answer spaces, leave the extra answer spaces blank.
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BE SURE TO ERASE ANY ERRORS OR STRAY MARKS COMPLETELY.
DO NOT MARK IN THIS AREA
Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

ACTT is a registered trademark of ACT, Inc., which was not involved in the production of and does not endorse this product.
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Use a No. 2 pencil only. Be sure each mark is dark and completely fills
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the intended oval. Completely erase any errors or stray marks.
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Start with number 1 for each new section. If a section has fewer questions than answer spaces, leave the extra answer spaces blank.
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BE SURE TO ERASE ANY ERRORS OR STRAY MARKS COMPLETELY.

ACTT is a registered trademark of ACT, Inc., which
was not involved in the production of and does not endorse this product.
Practice Test
1
English
75 Questions j Time45 Minutes
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Directions:
This
test
consists
of
five
passages
in
which
particular
words
or
phrases
are
under1
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lined and numbered. Alongside the passage, you will see alternative words and phrases that could
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be
substituted
for
the
underlined
part.
Select
the
alternative
that
expresses
the
idea
most
clearly
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and
correctly
or
that
best
fits
the
style
and
tone
of
the
entire
passage.
If
the
original
version
is
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best, select No Change.
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The
test
also
includes
questions
about
entire
paragraphs
and
the
passage
as
a
whole.
These
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questions are identified by a number in a box.
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1
After you select the correct answer for each question, on your answer sheet, mark the oval
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corresponding to the correct answer.
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To this day, the Boys Choir of Harlem has
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Essay
I
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always shadowed the Girls Choir. It had been
The Girls Choir of Harlem
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4
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It
is
rare
to
hear
of
choirs
composed
of
just
girls.
around
longer
since
1968
and
has
received
the
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1
5
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1
In fact, for every girls choir in the United States,
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attention needed to gain funding and perfor1
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there are ten choirs that are boys or mixed. But,
mance opportunities. The boys have appeared
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2
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in 1977, the Girls Choir of Harlem was founded
in some of the worlds most prestigious musical 7
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to
complement
the
already
existing
and
justly
settings.
Performing
a
sunrise
concert
for
the
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3
6
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renowned Boys Choir.
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Pope on the Great Lawn in New Yorks Central 7
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Park, and they have traveled to Washington,
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lawyers, doctors, and politiciansjobs
D.C. where in front of the reflecting pool
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appearing out of reach to them.
they sung in front of the Washington monu1
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13
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ment.
Since
the
Girls
Choir
of
Harlem
has
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8 During the 1980s, when funds dried up,
received some of the recognition that the boys
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have long enjoyed, perhaps corporations and
the Girls Choir temporarily disbanded. How1
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wealthy individuals will be motivated to give
ever, in 1989, the choir reassembled, and in
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generously
to
bring
the
choir
back
and
ensure
it
November
of
1997,
they
made
their
debut
at
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will never again be canceled for lack of money.
Alice Tully Hall at Lincoln Center, performing
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14
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music by Schumann and Pergolesi toward the
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9
1.
A.
NO
CHANGE
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audience of dignitaries, including the mayors
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B.
only
just
girls.
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C. girls alone.
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wife
and
thousands
of
music
lovers.
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D.
girls
and
no
boys.
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10
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Giving kids from broken families and
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2. F. NO CHANGE
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11
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G. ten are either boys or mixed choirs.
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poverty-stricken homes new confidence and
H. each of ten choirs are either boys or
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mixed.
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hope for their future, the Boys Choir of Harlem
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J.
there
are
ten
that
are
either
boys
or
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mixed choirs.
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acts
as
a
haven
for
inner-city
children.
The
boys
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3. A. NO CHANGE
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in the choir still attend the Choir Academy. The
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B.
what
already
existed
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C.
the
existing
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500-student public school strongly emphasizes
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D. already existing
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Its
a
fine
learning
environment
singing.
12
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4.
F.
NO
CHANGE
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G. was
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that
has
given
the
girls
ambitions
most
of
them
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H.
has
been
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J.
being
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never before considered. The choir members
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5.
A.
NO
CHANGE
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speak confidently of someday becoming
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B. longer, since 1968 and
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C. longer since 1968, and
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D. longer (since 1968) and
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7
4

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
12. Which of the following sentences, if
6. F. NO CHANGE
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
inserted at this point in the essay, would
G. They have performed
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
be most logical and appropriate?
H. A performance of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. The choir performs
F. Nevertheless, it provides a well1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
rounded
education
that
helps
prepare
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
7.
A.
NO
CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
students for a variety of careers.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. they sung in front of the reflecting
1
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7
G.
Classes
in
vocal
technique,
sight
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
pool
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
reading,
and
even
music
theory
are
1
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7
C. before the reflecting pool they sung
1
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7
all part of the regular curriculum.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
they
sung
at
the
reflecting
pool
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
The
student
body
is
carefully
selected
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
from a much larger pool of appli1
8. Which of the following sentences provides
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
cants.
the most effective transition from the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
Students
are
admitted
based
on
previous
paragraph
to
this
one?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
financial need as well as their musical 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F. Such glorious moments eluded their
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
abilities, especially their singing
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
female
counterparts,
at
least
at
first.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
ability.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. The Boys Choir and Girls Choir both
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
have
performed
mainly
in
the
13.
A.
NO
CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Northeastern part of the U.S.
B. appeared
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
The
Girls
Choir,
though
not
so
C.
that
once
appeared
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
experienced
as
the
Boys
Choir,
is
D.
that
would
have
appeared
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
considered equally talented.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
14. F. NO CHANGE
J. The Boys Choir was able to attract
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. close its doors
more funding than the Girls Choir.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
H. stop what they do
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
9.
A.
NO
CHANGE
J. go silent
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. before an
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
in
front
of
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
at
an
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
10. F. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
G. wife, and
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. wife as well as
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. wife with
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
11.
A.
NO
CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
They
give
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. By giving
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
As
they
give
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Item 15 poses a question about the essay as a
required for success. Regardless of the reason
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
whole.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
for inaction, the leader is operating with limited 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
15. Suppose the writer had been assigned to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
write
an
essay
describing
the
musical
vision,
and
the
company
suffers
as
a
result.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
achievements
of
the
Girls
Choir
of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Harlem. Would this essay successfully
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
[2]
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
fulfill
the
assignment?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
By
the
early
1980s,
Wang
Corporation
had
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A. Yes, because the essay makes it clear
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
that the girls in the choir are talented
developed
the
preeminent
office
automation
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
performers.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. Yes, because the concert at Alice
capability in the world. In many offices, the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
Tully Hall is explained in some detail.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
19
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
name Wang had become synonymous with
C. No, because the music performed by
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the choir is scarcely discussed in the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
office
automation.
Having
had
gained
a
essay.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
20
D. No, because the essay discusses the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
reputation
for
quality
and
with
proprietary
Boys
Choir
as
extensively
as
the
Girls
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Choir.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
hardware and software that guaranteed the
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Essay II
uniqueness of its product, Wang had built a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
[The
following
paragraphs
may
or
may
not
be
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
arranged
in
the
best
possible
order.
The
last
item
market
position
that
seemingly
was
unassail1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
will ask you to choose the most effective order
21
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
able.
Yet,
in
less
than
a
decade,
Wang
faded
for
the
paragraphs
as
numbered.]
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
22
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Tunnel Vision: The Bane of Business
1
to near obscurity.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
22
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
[1]
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
[3]
Sometimes a business leader stumbles into a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
In
place
of
Wangs
specialized
computer
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
kind of trap by waiting and seeing what new
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
systems,
versatile
personal
computers
linked
16
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
technologies
develop
instead
of
anticipating
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
together in networks had become the dominant 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
them: trading time for the prospect of more
23
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
office tools. The new personal computers first
17
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
information and a decrease in uncertainty.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
transformed
the
market
for
office
automation
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Sometimes the leader is simply so afraid to lose
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
networks
then
wiping
out
the
old
market.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
that
he
or
she
is
incapable
of
the
bold
action
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Wang shrank dramatically, surviving only
18
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
6

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
16. F. NO CHANGE
by transforming itselfexploiting its software
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
for
24
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and engineering strengths in completely
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. on
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. to see
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
different
ways.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
17.
A.
NO
CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
it,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
[4]
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
them
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Wang
had
seen
itself
as
a
special
kind
of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. them and
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
computer
company,
one
that
used
large
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
18. F. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
25
1
G. that they are
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
machines to serve entire companies. Its excelH. so as to be
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
25
J.
that
the
leaders
are
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
lence and leadership in innovation was highly
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
19.
A.
NO
CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
respected,
and
it
was
important
to
Wang
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. In fact, in many offices,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
In
many
offices,
however,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
not
to
slip
up
.
That
view
led
Wang
to
continue
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
Also,
in
many
offices,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
26
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
with its familiar business until it was too late. It
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
20. F. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
Gaining
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
failed to see the opportunity that the personal
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. In order to gain
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
With
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
computer
presented.
Eventually,
Wang
did
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
21.
A.
NO
CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
attempt
to
move
into
personal
computers,
but
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
that
seemed
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. that was seeming
1
by the time that happened. Wangs opportunity
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. seemingly
1
27
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
to move forward was gone. 28
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
22. Which of the following courses of action
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
involving
the
underlined
sentence
would
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
[5]
organize the information in Paragraphs 2 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and
3
in
the
most
logical
manner?
Businesses
dont
always
get
into
trouble
because
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
they are badly run or inefficient. Sometimes, a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
Start
a
new
paragraph
with
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
29
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
sentence, and omit the paragraph
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
well-managed company fails because its leaders
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
break after the sentence.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
29
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. Move the sentence to the end of
simply
dont
understand
how
the
world
is
chang1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
Paragraph 3.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
Omit
the
sentence.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
ing
around
them.
What
happened
to
Wang,
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
office automation company, is a classic example.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
29. A. NO CHANGE
23. A. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. A well-managed company might fail
B. will become
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
C. When a well-managed company fails, 7
C. were to become
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
its
D. soon became
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
D. A company that is well-managed fails 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
24. F. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. by its transformation
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Item
30
poses
a
question
about
the
essay
as
a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
by
means
of
transforming
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
whole.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. to transform itself
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
30. Which of the following proposals for the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
25. A. NO CHANGE
order
of
the
essays
paragraphs,
if
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
B. a company that used large machines
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
implemented, would provide the most
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
to serve entire companies
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
logical
and
effective
beginning
and
ending
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
whose
machines
served
entire
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
for the essay?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
companies because of their large size
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F.
NO
CHANGE
(Dont
make
any
D.
using
large
machines
allowing
it
to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
changes in the sequence of paraserve entire companies
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
graphs.)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
Move
Paragraph
5
to
the
beginning
26.
F.
NO
CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of the essay.
G. to not lose it
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. Move Paragraph 1 to the end of the
H. to maintain that position
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
essay.
J. to avoid slip ups
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
J. Move Paragraph 5 to the beginning
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
27.
A.
NO
CHANGE
of the essay, and move Paragraph 1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. it was too late;
to the end of the essay.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
by
that
time
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
when
time
ran
out
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Essay III
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
28. Which of the following sentences, if
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
An Oboists Quest
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
inserted at this point in the essay, would
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
[1]
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
be most relevant and effective?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
I started playing the oboe because I heard it
F.
Wang
had
been
badly
outmaneuvered
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and was left essentially with no market.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
was a challenging instrument. That was four
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
The
company
failed
to
foresee
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
day that personal computers would
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
years ago, and Ive enjoyed learning to play the 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
appear on millions of desktops.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
Ultimate
responsibility
for
this
lack
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
oboe like I expected. However, it was not until
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of foresight rested on the shoulders of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
31
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
companys
leaders.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
recently that I realized what an oboists real
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. Apparently, Wang was not the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
excellent computer company everychallenge is: finding good oboe reeds.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
one in the computer industry had
32
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
always assumed it was.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
8

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
without warning. Thus, I need to have several
[2]
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Though
the
reed
is
a
small
part
of
the
instru1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
back-up reeds available at all times.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
ment, mainly it is what the quality of the oboes
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
33
[4]
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
sound is determined by. Professional oboists
I first tried buying reeds from a reed maker in
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
33
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
make
their
own
reeds.
Students
like
me
must
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Massachusetts.
They
were
pretty
good
at
first,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
34
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
buy
reeds
from
either
their
teachers
or
from
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
but
they
became
progressively
lower
and
lower
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
35
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
40
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
mail-order companies.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
in quality the longer I bought them from him. It 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
[3]
got to the point where none of the reeds he
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
My troubles began when my teacher stopped
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
supplied
worked,
so
I
had
to
move
on.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
making reeds, sending all of her students on a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
[5]
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
wild goose chase for the perfect reed. The
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
My next source was a company in California.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
problem
is
theres
no
such
thing
as
a
perfect
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
However, theyre reeds sounded like ducks
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
36
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
41
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
reed, though oboists like to daydream about it.
quacking, so I dropped that source from my
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
There is also no such thing as a perfect reed
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
list.
Desperate,
the
next
person
I
called
was
an
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
42
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
supplier. Reed makers are much in demand, and
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
oboist friend of my parents. She helped me fix a 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
42
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Whats
the
reeds
are
often
very
expensive.
37
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
few salvageable reeds I owned, and soon I had 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
more, the reed makers tend to take their time in
several
that
played
in
tune
and
that
created
a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
sending reeds to you. For example, I usually
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
good
tone.
It
seemed
my
reed
troubles
were
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
38
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
have to wait three to six weeks after theyve
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
over. However, within two weeks, those
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
received
my
check
in
the
mail.
This
wouldnt
be
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
precious reeds were all played out, and I
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
a problem if I always ordered my reeds well
needed
more.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
before the time I need it, but oboe reeds are
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
39
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
temperamental and often crack or break
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
34. F. NO CHANGE
[6]
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
reeds,
but
Recently,
however,
a
friend
recommended
a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. reeds, so
43
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
reeds.
And,
students
reed maker from New York City who made
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
35.
A.
NO
CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
reeds that, according to him, were rather good.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. from their teachers or
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
44
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
either
from
their
teachers
or
I
called
him
immediately,
and
he
asked
me
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. either from their teachers or from
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
questions
about
my
playing
so
that
he
could
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
36. F. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
G.
is
that
theres
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
cater to my oboe needs. He promised to send
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. was theres
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
is,
theres
1
out a supply of reeds within a week. Imagine
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
37.
At
this
point,
the
writer
wants
to
provide
my
disappointment
when
the
reeds
he
sent
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
an additional remark about the expense of 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
oboe
reeds.
Which
of
the
following
turned
out
to
be
poorly
made,
with
unstable
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
sentences
would
be
most
relevant
and
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
most consistent with the information in
tones and a thin, unpleasant sound. 45
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the paragraph as a whole?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A. In addition, if you purchase a reed by 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
31. A. NO CHANGE
mail order, youre charged a shipping 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. as
fee, making the total expense even
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. as much as I
greater.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
to
the
degree
in
which
I
B.
In
my
opinion,
reed
makers
often
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
charge twice what I consider a fair
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
32. F. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
price
for
an
oboe
reed.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
isits
finding
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
Students,
most
of
whom
are
on
a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H is which is finding
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
limited budget, find it difficult to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
is
finding
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
afford
expensive
reeds.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. However, since professional reed
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
33. A. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
makers
produce
the
best
possible
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
it
is
mainly
what
determines
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
reeds, the high price is well worth it.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
quality of the oboes sound
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. it is the main component of the oboe
38. F. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
that determines the quality of its
G.
Typically,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
sound
H. In fact,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
D. mainly the quality of the oboes
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
OMIT
the
underlined
portion.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
sound
is
determined
by
the
reed
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
10

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
39. A. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
whole.
B. need them,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. plan to use it,
45.
Which
of
the
following
sentences,
if
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. need,
inserted at this point, would provide an
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
ending
for
the
essay
that
best
ties
together
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
40.
F.
NO
CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the entire essay?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. less and less
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A.
My
search
for
the
perfect
reed
continH.
poor
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
ues and may never come to an end un- 7
J. lower
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
til I learn to make reeds myself.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
41. A. NO CHANGE
B. With all the oboists in the New York 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
B. its
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
City area, youd think that this reed
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. their
1
makers product would be far better
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
its
than
it
was.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. Obviously, Ill never buy another reed 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
42. F. NO CHANGE
from the reed maker that my friend rec- 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
G. I next called an oboist friend of my
ommendedor from any of the reed 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
parents
makers
with
whom
Ive
already
dealt.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
an
oboist
friend
of
my
parents
was
D.
When
I
first
began
playing
the
oboe,
I
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the next person I called
never imagined that finding reeds
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. I called a person next who was an
would
be
more
challenging
than
actu1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
oboist friend of my parents
ally learning to play the instrument.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
43.
Among
the
following
alternatives
involv1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Essay IV
ing the underlined portion, which provides
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the most logical and effective transition
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
The
First
Thanksgiving:
Turkey
Day
and
a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
from Paragraph 5 to Paragraph 6?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Whole Lot More
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
[1]
B.
However,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. Recently,
Every autumn, when Thanksgiving occurs,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
Also,
46
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
anxiety
and
stress
levels
in
millions
of
American
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
44. F. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
he
claimed
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
families rise. Its not an easy job to host friends 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. my friend told me
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
47
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. according to my friend
and relatives from all over the country then
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
48
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
preparing one of the largest meals of the year.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
But
when
the
typical
Thanksgiving
dinner
of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
today is compared with the celebration of the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
11
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
brandy. 53 (3) Just in case this werent
first Thanksgiving, it doesnt seem like such
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
54
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
a feat.
enough, the Pilgrims could fill in the corners
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
with
flint
corn,
a
rock-hard
corn
ground
into
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
[2]
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
First, consider the menu. At a typical modern1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
a mush. (4) And once the dinner was served,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
day
Thanksgiving
dinner,
there
is
a
roast
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the meal lasted not a few hours but rather
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
49
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
55
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
turkey,
baked
yams,
stuffing,
cranberry
sauce,
a few daysand with no football on television
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
55
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
gravy, and some sort of dessertperhaps ice
to
distract
the
Pilgrims
and
their
friends
from
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
cream and either pie or cake. Of course, you
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the serious business of eating.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
can
fix
everything
yourself
from
scratch,
if
you
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
[4]
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Nowadays,
in
many
households,
the
whole
like;
but
if
you
prefer,
all
the
food
can
be
56
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
50
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
family comes for Thanksgiving. Statistics show
purchased at a local supermarket. In just one
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
50
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
trip, you have all you need for your dinner.
that the average Thanksgiving dinner today
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
boasts
twenty-three
guests
total
no
tiny
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
[3]
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
57
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(1)
Todays
menu
seems
stingy
by
comparison
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
gathering.
Both
family
and
friends
are
included
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
51
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
58
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
to the Pilgrims meal enjoyed on the first
1
in this number. At the first Thanksgiving, when 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
52
1
58
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Thanksgiving in 1621. (2) According to
Squanto, the Indian-in-residence, decided to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
contemporary
records,
the
list
of
foods
included
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
invite
Massasoit,
the
leader
of
the
Wampanoag
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
five
deer;
wild
turkeys,
geese,
and
duck;
eels,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
tribe, the Pilgrims werent expecting him to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
59
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
lobsters, clams, and mussels fished from the
bring along another ninety Wampanoags
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
59
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
ocean; pumpkin; an assortment of biscuits; hoe
to a little pot-luck supper. With the Pilgrims,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
59
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and
ash
cakes;
popcorn
balls;
pudding;
berries
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
that
made
a
140-person
guest
list.
60
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of
several
kinds;
plums,
cherries,
and
bogbeans;
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
beer made from barley; and wine spiked with
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
12

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
53. Is the repeated use of a semicolon in
46. F. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
sentence 2 correct and appropriate?
G. when its Thanksgiving
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. during Thanksgiving
A.
Yes,
because
the
sentence
lists
more
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. whenever Thanksgiving rolls around
than three distinct items of food.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
Yes,
because
the
sentence
lists
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
47.
A.
NO
CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
different categories as well as specific 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. hosting
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
category
items.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
as
a
host
to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
No,
because
the
resulting
sentence
is
so
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. of hosting
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
long that it is not easily understood.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
No,
because
a
semicolon
should
be
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
48. F. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
used only to separate clauses that can 7
1
G. country. Then
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
stand
alone
as
complete
sentences.
H. country; then
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
country,
and
then
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
54. F. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. If
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
49.
A.
NO
CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
As
if
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. its common to eat
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
In
the
case
that
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
youll
dine
on
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
the
menu
consists
of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
55. A. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
so
many
hours
that
it
lasted
for
a
few
50. F. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
days
G.
you
can
purchase
all
the
food
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
C. not just a few hours but rather a few 7
H. all the food is purchasable
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
days
J.
the
food
you
need
you
can
purchase
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. a few days and not a few hours
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
51.
A.
NO
CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
56.
Which
of
the
following
sentences,
if
inserted
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
when
it
is
being
compared
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
at
the
beginning
of
Paragraph
4,
would
pro1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. comparing it
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
vide
the
best
transition
from
Paragraph
3?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. OMIT the underlined portion.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F. With none of our modern conve1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
52. F. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
niences, such as gas and electric
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
Pilgrims
meal
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
stoves, the Pilgrims needed far more
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. meal the Pilgrims
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
time to prepare Thanksgiving dinner. 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. Pilgrims meal that they
1
G. With so much food and such an
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
extensive
menu,
it
made
sense
for
a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Pilgrim host to invite as many guests 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
as possible for Thanksgiving dinner.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. At a Pilgrims typical Thanksgiving
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
dinner,
the
number
of
guests
was
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
often
very
large.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. The other major difference between
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
our
Thanksgiving
and
the
Pilgrims
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Thanksgiving involves the guest list.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
13
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
57. A. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
whole.
B. guests in total
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. guests
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
60. The writer wants to add a sentence that
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. guests altogether
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
links
the
essays
opening
and
ending.
If
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
inserted
at
the
end
of
the
essay,
which
of
58.
Which
of
the
following
proposals
for
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the following sentences best achieves this
underlined sentence would be most
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
objective?
appropriate
in
the
context
of
Paragraph
4
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
as a whole?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F. So, instead of complaining about
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
your duties as a Thanksgiving host,
F. Revise the sentence as follows: This
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
be thankful you arent hosting the
number includes friends as well as
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
first Thanksgiving.
family.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
G. As it turns out, then, the dinner menu 7
G. Replace the sentence with the
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
for the first Thanksgiving was not
following: As it turns out, this
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
too extensive after all.
number is actually comparatively
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
Compared
to
todays
Thanksgiving
low.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
hosts, the Pilgrims certainly had their 7
H. Move the sentence to the end of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
hands
full
with
the
large
number
of
Paragraph
4.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
guests for their first Thanksgiving.
J. Delete the sentence. (Do not replace
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
The
unexpected
turnout
for
the
first
it
with
any
other
sentence.)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Thanksgiving
makes
todays
typical
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
59. A. NO CHANGE
Thanksgiving dinner look like an
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. the Pilgrims werent expecting him to
intimate
gathering.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
bring along to a little pot-luck supper
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
another ninety Wampanoags
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
Essay V
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. to a little pot-luck supper, the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Pilgrims werent expecting him to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A Peoples Art, for Good and Ill
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
bring along another ninety
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
[1]
Wampanoags
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
During movies early years, from about 1910 to 7
D. he wasnt expected by the Pilgrims to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
bring
another
ninety
Wampanoags
to
61
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1940, the greatness of film as an art form is in
a little pot-luck supper
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
62
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
its own ingenuity and invention. And this
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
greatness was not lost on the general public, as
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
the numbers of avid moviegoers grew and grew 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
during this time period. Between 1920
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
63
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and 1930, a generation of filmmakers emerged
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
63
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
14

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
who were not failed novelists or unsuccessful
paid for this democratic appeal to the common 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
playwrights but rather moviemakersthrough
person. (4) The freshness of the early movie
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and
through.
Their
essential
vision
belonged
to
makers
has
been
lost.
70
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
no other medium with the exception of
1
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7
[4]
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
64
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
The
artist
who
serves
an
elite
audience
has
a
1
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7
the cinema, and this is what made the early
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
71
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
64
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
known
patron,
or
group
of
patrons,
to
satisfy.
days of filmmaking so vital and exciting.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
If he is strong enough, he can, like the painters 7
1
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7
[2]
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of the Renaissance, mold their taste in the
65 Their public was a universal audience of
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
ordinary
people,
spread
across
the
world.
Like
image
of
his
own.
This
is
true
of
the
greater
and
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
72
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
more
resolute
artists
of
the
cinema,
from
the
first
dramas
of
Shakespeare,
their
art
was
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
Chaplin in the 1920s to Bergman and Antonot a product for the palace or the mansion,
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
nioni in the 1960s. 73 The larger an audience 7
but rather for the common playhouse where
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
74
66
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
working
people
sat
shoulder
to
shoulder
with
and
the
more
costly
the
movies
are
to
produce,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
middle
class
and
the
well-to-do.
This
is
the
greater
become
the
pressures
brought
to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
what gave the early movie makers the strength
bear on the less conventional creator to make
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and freshness still perceived by us in their art.
his work conform to the pattern of the more
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
67
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
conventional
creator.
1
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7
[3]
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(1)
Today,
movies
are
more
popular
than
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
61.
A.
NO
CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
ever, and box-office receipts for the great
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
During
movies
early
years,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
68
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
During
movies
early
years,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
international hit films running into hundreds of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. During the early years of movies,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
millions
of
dollars.
(2)
Movies
are
becoming
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
62. F. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
was
more
and
more
conventional,
unimaginative,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
H. lay in
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
is
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and staler.(3) However, there is a price to be
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
69
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
15
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
70. Which of the following is the best order
63. A. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
for the sentences in Paragraph 3?
B. Between 1920 and 1930 emerged a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
generation of filmmakers
F.
2,
1,
4,
3
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. Between 1920 and 1930, the emerG. 1, 2, 3, 4
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
gence of a generation of filmmakers
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
3,
1,
4,
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
A
generation
of
filmmakers
emerged
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. 1, 3, 2, 4
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
between 1920 and 1930
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
71.
A.
NO
CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
64. F. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. has only
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
other
medium
but
the
cinema,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. has had
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
medium
with
the
exception
of
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. only has
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
cinema,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
medium
other
than
the
cinema,
72.
F.
NO
CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. This can also be
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
65. Which of the following clauses, if added
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
Such
an
ability
is
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
to
the
beginning
of
the
first
sentence
in
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
This
image
is
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Paragraph 2, would provide the most
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
effective
transition
from
Paragraph
1
to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
73. An editor has suggested that the writer
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Paragraph
2?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
insert a sentence at this point in order to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
provide
a
logical
and
effective
connection
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A.
First
of
all,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
between the sentence that would precede
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
However,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
it
and
the
sentence
that
would
follow
it.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. Furthermore,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Which of the following sentences would
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. Without a doubt,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
best
accomplish
this
objective?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
66. F. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A.
These
arent
the
only
cinematic
artists
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
but
of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
who
have
been
able
to
accomplish
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. but instead for
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
this; but, they are probably the most
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
it
was
for
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
notable
ones.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. All three of these artists were able to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
67. A. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
satisfy the quirky tastes of their
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. we still perceive in their art
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
patrons while satisfying their own
1
C. still perceived in their art today
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
creative urges as well.
D. still perceived in their art by us
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
C. But, these artists were interested mainly 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
in achieving artistic excellence, not in 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
68. F. NO CHANGE
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
appealing to a mass audience.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
ever;
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
The
films
of
these
artists
were
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
ever,
but
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
eventually
seen
by
millions
of
people
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. ever, with
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
worldwide.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
69. A. NO CHANGE
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
74. F. NO CHANGE
B. more stale
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
For
large
audiences
C. stale
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. If the audiences are large
D. even stale
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. A larger audience
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
16

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
whole.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
75. An editor has commented that the writer
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
has
not
ended
the
essay
effectively.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Considering
the
essays
overall
structure
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and flow of information, which of the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
following
would
be
the
most
effective
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
course of action?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A. Switch the position of Paragraph 3
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
with the position of Paragraph 4.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. Delete the sentence that is currently
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
the last sentence of the essay.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. Add the following sentence to the end
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of the essay: The early years of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
moviemaking
were
indeed
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
bestfor both the makers of films
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and
their
audiences.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. Replace the final sentence with the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
following:
Nevertheless,
some
of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
todays
filmmakers
have
managed
to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
produce movies with great mass
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
appeal
and
that
are
highly
creative.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
S
T
O
P
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
17
Math
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Directions: Solve each problem; then, on your answer sheet, mark the oval corresponding to the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
correct
answer.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Be careful not to spend too much time on any one question. Instead, solve as many problems as
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
possible, and then use the remaining time to return to those questions you were unable to answer
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
at first.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
You may use a calculator on any problem in this test. However, some problems can best be solved
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
without
use
of
a
calculator.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Note:
Unless
otherwise
stated,
you
can
assume
that:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1. Diagrams that accompany problems are not necessarily drawn to scale.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2. All figures lie in the same plane.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3. The word line refers to a straight line (and lines that appear straight are straight).
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
4.
The
word
average
refers
to
arithmetic
mean.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2.
Lyles
current
age
is
23
years,
and
1.
The
number
40.5
is
1,000
times
greater
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Melanies current age is 15 years. How
than which of the following numbers?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
many
years
ago
was
Lyles
age
twice
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A.
0.405
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Melanies age?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. 0.0405
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F. 16
C. 0.0450
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. 9
D. 0.00405
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. 8
E. 0.000405
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
J. 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
K. 5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
18

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
6. One marble is to be drawn randomly from 7
3. If x is a real number, and if x 5 100, then
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
a bag that contains three red marbles, two 7
x lies between which two consecutive
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
blue marbles, and one green marble. What 7
integers?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
is the probability of drawing a blue
A. 1 and 2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
marble?
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
2
and
3
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
C. 3 and 4
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
6
D.
4
and
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
E.
5
and
6
1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
4. In the standard (x,y) coordinate plane
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
below, which point has the coordinates
H.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(4,25)?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
K.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
7.
BC,
and
point
Point
A
bisects
line
segment
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D bisects line segment BA. Which of the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
following
congruencies
holds?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A. DC CB
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. BA CB
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
DC DA
F. P
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
Q
1
D. AD DB
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. R
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
E.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
CA
BC
J.
S
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
K.
T
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2y y 2 1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
, then y 5
8. If
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
9
3
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5. A certain zoo charges exactly twice as
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
1
much for an adult admission ticket as for
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
a childs admission ticket. If the total
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
admission price for the family of two
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
G.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
adults and two children is $12.60, what is
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the price of a childs ticket?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
4
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
9
A. $1.60
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
$2.10
9
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
$3.20
4
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. $3.30
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
K. 3
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
E.
$4.20
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
19
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
2
1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
12. In the figure below, lines a and b are
9. 4 1 3 2 2 5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
4
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
parallel, and lines c and d are parallel.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
57
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
What is the measure of x?
A.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
10
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
231
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
40
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
117
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
1
20
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
23
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
4
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
29
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
E.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F. 75
10. If a 5 3, b 5 23, and c 5 , then ab2c 5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
1
G. 95
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
100
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F. 227
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. 105
1
G. 21
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
K.
115
H. 3
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. 9
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
13.
A
solution
of
60
ounces
of
sugar
and
K. 27
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
water
is
20%
sugar.
If
you
add
x
ounces
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of water to make a solution that is 5%
11. M is P% of what number?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
sugar,
which
of
the
following
represents
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
100M
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the amount of sugar in the solution after
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A.
1
P
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
adding water?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
100P
A.
60
2
40x
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
M
B. 0.05(60x 2 20)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
M
C.
0.05(60
1
x)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. 0.20(60 1 x)
100P
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
E.
60(0.05
1
x)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
P
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
100M
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
MP
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
E.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
100
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
20

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
16. A photographic negative measures
14. In the standard (x,y) coordinate plane,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
7
1
lines a and b intersect at point (5,22) and
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1 inches by 2 inches. If the longer side
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
lines b and c intersect at point (23,3).
8
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of the printed picture is to be 4 inches,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
What is the slope of line b?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
what
will
be
the
length
of
the
shorter
side
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F.
of
the
printed
picture?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F. 3 inches
1
G. 2
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
8
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. 3 inches
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
H.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. 2 inches
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
4
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
J.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
8
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
inches
2
J.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
K. It cannot be determined from the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
1
information given.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
K. 2 inches
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
8
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
15. In the figure below, M is the midpoint of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
17.
Which
of
the
following
is
the
equation
of
RS.
What
is
the
area
of
DMOP?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
a straight line that has y-intercept 3 and is 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
y
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
perpendicular to the line 4x 2 2y 5 6?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A.
2y
1
3x
5
23
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. y 1 3x 5 2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
2y
2
x
5
6
R (2,4)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. y 2 2x 5 4
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
M
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
E.
2y
1
x
5
6
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
S (4,2)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
18. Of 60 pairs of socks in a drawer, 40% are 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
blue, while the remaining socks are all
O
P
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
gray. If 4 blue socks are removed from the 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
drawer, what is the ratio of gray socks to
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
blue socks?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A.
4.5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. 4
F. 1:2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. 3.5
G.
5:9
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. 3
H. 3:5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
E. 2=2
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
9:5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
K.
2:1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
21
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
y
y
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
22.
19. On the (x,y) coordinate plane, what is the
2
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
18
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
distance from the point defined by (5,4)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F. 0
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and the point defined by (1,22)?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
10y
A. 2=5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. 4=3
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
2y
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. 5=2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
D.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
13
2
=
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
y
3
=
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
E. 3=6
J.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
6
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
20. Which of the following is NOT a member
y
5
=
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
K.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of the solution set for the equation
3
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2x(3x 2 1)(2x 2 2)(x 2 3) 5 0?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
23. If x 1 y 5 a, and if x 2 y 5 b, then x 5
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F. 3
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. 2
a
1
b
A.
~
!
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. 1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. a 1 b
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. a 2 b
J.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
K.
0
1
ab
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
1
2
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
21.
Which
of
the
following
best
describes
the
1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
a
2
b
E.
~
!
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
graph
on
the
number
line
below?
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
24.
If
the
equation
x
1
8x
1
s
5
0
has
only
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
one
solution,
then
s
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A. |x| . 1.5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F.
24
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
|x|
,
21.5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. 0
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. 21.5 , |x| , 1.5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. 4
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. |x| . 21.5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. 8
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
E. |x| , 1.5
1
K. 16
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
25.
On
the
xy-coordinate
plane,
a
point
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
defined by the (x,y) pair (m,2) lies on a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
circle
with
center
(3,21)
and
radius
5.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Which
of
the
following
is
a
possible
value
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of m?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A. 8
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
B. 6
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. 21
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
22
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
E. 27
1
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7
1
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7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
22

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
29. The average of five numbers is A. If a
26. If the sides of a triangle are 8, 15, and 17
1
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7
1
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7
sixth number n is added, which of the
units long, what is the measure of the
1
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7
1
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following represents the average of all six 7
angle formed by the two shortest sides?
1
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7
1
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7
numbers?
F. 30
1
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7
1
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7
6A
2
n
G.
45
1
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7
A.
1
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7
5
H. 60
1
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7
1
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7
J.
75
B. 6A
1
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7
1
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7
K.
90
1
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7
n
1
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7
C. A 1
1
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7
6
1
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7
27. How many different ways can you add
1
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7
1
5A 1 n
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7
four positive odd integers together for a
1
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7
D.
1
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7
sum of 10, without considering the
6
1
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7
1
sequence of the integers?
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7
A
3
n
1
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7
E.
1
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7
6
A. Five
1
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7
1
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7
B.
Four
1
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7
30.
If
two
sides
of
a
triangle
are
6.5
and
8.5
1
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7
C. Three
1
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inches long, which of the following cannot 7
1
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7
D. Two
1
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7
be
the
length
of
the
third
side?
1
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7
E.
One
1
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7
1
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7
F. 15 inches
1
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7
1
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7
28. The figure below shows right triangle
G. 12 inches
1
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7
1
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7
H. 9.5 inches
PQR. What is the length of QR?
1
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7
1
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7
J. 6.5 inches
1
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7
1
K. 5.5 inches
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
F. 13=3
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
2
39
=
1
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7
G.
1
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7
2
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
H. 26
1
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7
1
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7
J. 30
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
2
26
K.
=
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
23
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1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
33. If =4x 5 =y, then in terms of y, x 5
31. Referring to the graph below, what was
1
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7
1
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7
the greatest dollar amount by which the
1
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7
A.
2y
1
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7
share price of ABC common stock
1
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7
1
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7
exceeded the share price of XYZ common
y
=
1
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7
B.
1
stock during Year X?
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7
2
1
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7
1
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7
C. =y
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
2
1
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7
D. y
1
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7
1
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7
y
1
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7
1
E.
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7
4
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
34. The distance a moving object travels can
1
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7
1
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7
be determined as the product of the
1
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7
1
objects rate of motion (r), or speed, and
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
the amount of time (t) traveling. If a boat
1
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7
1
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7
travels
m
miles
in
4
hours,
then
an
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
additional 20 miles in t hours, which of
1
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7
1
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7
the
following
represents
the
boats
average
1
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7
1
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7
speed, in miles per hour, over the total
1
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7
1
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7
distance?
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
t14
1
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7
F.
1
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7
m
1
20
A.
$1.80
1
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7
1
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7
B. $2.60
m
1
20
1
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7
G.
1
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7
C. $3.00
t14
1
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7
1
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7
D. $3.60
tm
1
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7
1
H.
E. It cannot be determined from the
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7
20
1
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7
information given.
1
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7
1
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7
t
1
20
1
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7
J.
1
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7
m14
32. If x and y are negative integers, and if
1
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7
1
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7
x
2
y
5
1,
what
is
the
least
possible
value
4tm
1
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7
K.
1
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7
of
xy?
5
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
F. 2
1
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7
1
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7
G. 1
1
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7
1
H. 0
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7
1
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7
J. 21
1
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7
1
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7
K.
22
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
24

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
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7
23 5
3 2
1
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7
37. If A 5
35. In the figure below, if AB i DC and
and B 5
,
1
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7
3 7
21 1
1
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7
AD
i
BC,
what
is
the
measure
of
ABD?
then 2A 2 B 5
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
23 12
1
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7
A.
1
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7
5
15
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
29
8
1
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7
B.
1
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7
5 13
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
29
8
1
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7
C.
1
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7
7
13
1
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7
A. 40
1
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7
1
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7
26 3
B. 45
1
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7
D.
1
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7
4
6
C.
50
1
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7
1
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7
D. 55
1
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7
23
8
1
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7
E.
60
1
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7
E.
1
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7
7 13
1
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7
1
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7
36. What is the value of m in the following
1
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7
38.
In
an
arithmetic
sequence,
each
successive
1
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7
system
of
two
equations?
1
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7
term
is
either
greater
than
or
less
than
the
1
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7
4m 5 12 2 3n
1
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preceding term by the same amount. What 7
1
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7
3
1
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7
is the tenth term of the arithmetic sen532m
1
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7
1
4
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
quence 30, 27, 24, . . . ?
1
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7
1
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7
F.
26
F. 10
1
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7
1
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7
G.
23
G.
3
1
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7
1
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7
H. 2
H. 0
1
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7
1
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7
J.
8
J.
23
1
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7
1
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7
K. Any real number
K. 230
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
x
1
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39. If f(x) 5 6 and g(x) 5 log6x, which of the 7
1
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7
1
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following expressions is equal to f(2g(M))? 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A.
2M
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. 6M
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
C.
M
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
6
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
M
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2M
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
E. 6
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F
F
F
F
F
G
G
G
G
G
G

25
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
42. Three carpet piecesin the shapes of a
40. The figure below shows a rectangular
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
square, a triangle, and a semicircleare
solid with the following unit dimensions:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
attached to one another, as shown in the
QR
5
3,
QS
5
4,
and
ST
5
5.
How
many
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
figure
below,
to
cover
the
floor
of
a
room.
units long is RT?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
If the area of the square is 144 feet and
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
perimeter
of
the
triangle
is
28
feet,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
what is the perimeter of the rooms floor,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
in
feet?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F. 32 1 12p
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
40
1
6p
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
34
1
12p
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. 52 1 6p
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
K.
52
1
12p
4
2
F.
=
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. 6
43. DPQR below has angle measures 90, u,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
4
H.
=
and b degrees as shown. Which of the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. 7
following is true for all possible values of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
u and b?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
K. 5=2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
41. Two competitors battle each other in each
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
match
of
a
tournament
with
six
partici1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
pants. What is the minimum number of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
matches
that
must
occur
for
every
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
competitor
to
battle
every
other
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
competitor?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A. 21
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. 18
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. 16
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
15
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
E. 12
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A. tanu 5 tanb
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
sinu
1
cosb
=
1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
sinu
3
cosb
5
1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. tanu 3 tanb 5 1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
E.
sinu
tanb
5
cosb
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
26

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x2 2 4
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
47. For all x . 2, 2
44. Two ships leave from the same port at
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x 2 2x
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
11:30 a.m. If one sails due east at 24 miles
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
4
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
per hour and the other due south at 10
x
2
A.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
miles per hour, how many miles apart are
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
1
the ships at 2:30 p.m.?
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2x
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F. 45
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
62
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. 1 1
1
x
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
68
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. 2 2 x
J. 78
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
K.
84
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
E. 2x 2 1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
45. If the circumference of the circle pictured
48.
Events
A,
B,
and
C
occur
every
5
days,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
below is 16p units, what is the unit length
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
days,
and
8
days,
respectively.
What
is
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
of AC?
the number of days after events A, B, and 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C
all
occur
on
the
same
day
that
they
all
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
occur again for the first time on the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
same
day?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F. 45
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. 65
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
H. 80
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. 90
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
K. 120
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
49. If two of the angles of the polygon shown 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
below
are
congruent,
then
x
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A.
2
4
=
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. 16
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
16=2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A. 78
1
D. 32
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. 84
E. 16p
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. 120
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. 150
46. If =3x 5 6i, then x 5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
E. 174
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F.
12
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. 6
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
3
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. 2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
K.
212
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
27
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
53. The figure below shows a parabola in the
50. If x 1 2 5 24x, what are the possible
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
standard (x,y) coordinate plane.
values of x?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
24 6 =2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. 22 6 =2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
2 6 =2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. 4 6 =2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
K.
2
4
6
2
=
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
51.
A
certain
cube
contains
125
cubic
inches.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
What is the surface area, in square inches,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of each square face of the cube?
Which of the following equations does the 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
graph best represent?
A. 5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. 10
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
3x
1
9
A.
y
5
x
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
15
2
1
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7
2
2x
1
6
B.
y
5
x
1
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7
D. 20
2
1
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7
C. y 5 2x 1 x 2 3
1
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7
E.
25
2
1
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7
2
6x
1
9
D.
y
5
x
1
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7
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
E. y 5 x 1 2x 1 3
1
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7
52. A certain clock runs 48 minutes slow
1
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7
1
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7
every 12 hours. Four hours after the clock
54.
The
figure
below
shows
a
flat
picture
mat
1
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7
1
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7
is set correctly, the correct time is 4:00. In
around a square painting. The width of
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
how many minutes, to the nearest minute,
the
mat
is
1
inch,
and
the
area
of
the
mat
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
will the clock show 4:00?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
is
60
square
inches.
1
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7
1
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7
F. 13
1
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7
1
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7
G.
14
1
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7
1
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7
H. 15
1
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7
1
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7
J.
16
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
K.
17
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
What is the length, in inches, of one side
1
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7
1
of the painting?
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
1
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7
F. 30
1
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7
1
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7
G.
24
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. 18
1
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7
1
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7
J.
14
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
K.
12
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
28

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
55. The altitude of a triangle is the distance
1
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7
1
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7
from its base to the vertex opposite the
1
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7
1
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7
base. If the length of the base (b) of a
1
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7
G.
1
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7
triangle and the triangles altitude are
1
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7
1
equal in length, which of the following
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
represents
the
area
of
the
triangle?
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
2
1
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7
b
1
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7
A.
1
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7
2
1
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7
1
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7
2
2b
1
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7
B.
1
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7
3
1
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7
1
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7
2
1
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7
C.
b
H.
1
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7
1
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7
1
D. 4b
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7
1
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7
1
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7
2
E. 2b
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
2
1
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7
is
The
graph
of
the
equation
x
5
56.
1
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7
y
2
2
1
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7
shown below.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
J.
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
Which of the following best represents the
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
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7
?
equation x 5
1
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7
y
2
2
K.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F.
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7

29
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
59. If m 5 n and p . q, then which of the
57. In DPQR below, if tanx . 1, all of the
1
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7
1
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7
following inequalities holds true in all
following must be true EXCEPT:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
cases?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A. m 2 p . n 2 q
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
p
2
m
,
q
2
n
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. m 2 p , n 2 q
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
mp
.
nq
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
E.
m
1
q
.
n
1
p
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
60. In the standard (x,y) coordinate plane, the
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
amplitude of a graph is half the distance
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
between the graphs minimum and maxiA. x . 45
1
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7
1
mum y-values. What is the amplitude of the 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. y . 45
graph of the equation y 2 1 5 2cos3u?
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. PQ QR
1
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7
F.
6
1
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7
1
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7
D. x 1 y 5 90
1
G. 3
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
E. x y
1
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7
H.
2
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
58. An isosceles triangle has two sides of
1
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7
J.
1
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7
2
length
3
feet
each.
The
angle
formed
by
1
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7
1
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7
the two 3-foot sides measures 32. What is
K. 1
1
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7
1
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7
the
length
of
the
triangles
third
side?
1
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7
1
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7
F.
3cos32
1
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7
1
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7
G. 3sin32
1
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7
1
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7
H.
3sin16
1
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7
1
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7
J. 6tan16
1
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7
1
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7
K.
6sin16
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
S
T
O
P
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
30

Reading
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Directions: This test consists of four passages, each followed by several questions. Read each
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
passage
and
select
the
best
answer
for
each
question
following
the
passage.
Then,
on
your
answer
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
sheet, mark the oval corresponding to the best answer.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
keyshed forgotten it, as usualand
Passage IProse Fiction
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
rattling
the
letter-box.
Its
not
what
I
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Line Although Bertha Young was thirty she
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
mean, becauseThank you, Maryshe 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
still had moments like this when she
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
went
into
the
hall.
Is
nurse
back?
1
wanted to run instead of walk, to take
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Yes, Mm.
(30)
dancing
steps
on
and
off
the
pavement,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Ill go upstairs. And she ran
to bowl a hoop, to throw something up
(5)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
upstairs to the nursery.
in
the
air
and
catch
it
again,
or
to
stand
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
Nurse sat at a low table giving Little 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
still and laugh atnothingat nothing,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B her supper after her bath. The baby
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
simply.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
had on a white flannel gown and a blue
(35)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
What
can
you
do
if
you
are
thirty
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
woolen jacket, and her dark, fine hair
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(10)
and, turning the corner of your own
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
was
brushed
up
into
a
funny
little
peak.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
street,
you
are
overcome,
suddenly,
by
a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
She
looked
up
when
she
saw
her
mother
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
feeling of blissabsolute bliss!as
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and began to jump.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
though
youd
suddenly
swallowed
a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Now,
my
lovey,
eat
it
up
like
a
good
(40)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
bright
piece
of
that
late
afternoon
sun
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
girl, said Nurse, setting her lips in a way 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(15)
and it burned in your bosom, sending out
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
that
Bertha
knew,
and
that
meant
she
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
a little shower of sparks into every
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
had
come
into
the
nursery
at
another
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
particle, into every finger and toe. . . ?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
wrong moment.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Oh, is there no way you can express
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Has
she
been
good,
Nanny?
(45)
1
it without being drunk and disorderly?
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Shes been a little sweet all the
(20)
How idiotic civilization is! Why be given
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
afternoon, whispered Nanny. We went 7
a body if you have to keep it shut up in a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
to the park and I sat down on a chair
case
like
a
rare,
rare
fiddle?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
and took her out of the carriage and a
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
No, that about the fiddle is not
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
big dog came along and put its head on
(50)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
quite
what
I
mean,
she
thought,
running
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
my
knee
and
she
clutched
its
ear,
tugged
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(25)
up the steps and feeling in her bag for the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
it. Oh, you should have seen her.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
31
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
And, indeed, she loved Little B so
Bertha wanted to ask if it wasnt
(95)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
muchher neck as she bent forward, her 7
rather dangerous to let her clutch at a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
exquisite toes as they shone transparent
strange dogs ear. But she did not dare to.
(55)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
in the firelightthat all her feeling of
She stood watching them, her hands by
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
bliss came back again, and again she
her side, like the poor little girl in front
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
didnt
know
how
to
express
itwhat
to
of
the
rich
little
girl
with
the
doll.
(100)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
do with it.
The baby looked up at her again,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Youre
wanted
on
the
telephone,
(60)
stared,
and
then
smiled
so
charmingly
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
said Nanny, coming back in triumph and 7
that Bertha couldnt help crying:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
seizing
her
Little
B.
Oh,
Nanny,
do
let
me
finish
giving
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
her
supper
while
you
put
the
bath
things
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
away.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1. Based on the passage, Bertha can reason1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(65)
Well,
Mm,
she
oughtnt
to
be
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
ably be considered to be all of the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
changed hands while shes eating,said
1
following EXCEPT:
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Nanny,
still
whispering.
It
unsettles
her;
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A.
imaginative.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
its
very
likely
to
upset
her.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
affectionate.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
How absurd it was. Why have a baby
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
timid.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(70)
if it has to be keptnot in a case like a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
arrogant.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
rare, rare fiddlebut in another wom1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
ans arms?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2. Nannys facial expression upon seeing
1
Oh, I must! said she.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Berthas arrival in the nursery suggests:
Very offended, Nanny handed her
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
F. relief as she can at last eat her supper. 7
(75)
over.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
a
vain
attempt
to
suppress
her
joy
at
Now,
dont
excite
her
after
her
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
seeing Bertha.
supper. You know you do, Mm. And I
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
dislike
for
Berthas
ill-timed
visits
to
have
such
a
time
with
her
after!
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the nursery.
Thank heaven! Nanny went out of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
fear
of
dismissal
from
her
job
because
(80)
the
room
with
the
bath
towels.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
nursery
is
untidy.
Now
Ive
got
you
to
myself,
my
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
little precious, said Bertha, as the baby
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
3. Bertha uses the metaphor of a rare, rare
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
leaned
against
her.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
fiddle
(line
22)
to
suggest
that:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
She ate delightfully, holding up her
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(85)
lips
for
the
spoon
and
then
waving
her
A.
she
considers
her
baby
girl
an
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
hands.
Sometimes
she
wouldnt
let
the
extraordinary
child.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
spoon go; and sometimes, just as Bertha
B. she is frustrated by not feeling free to 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
had filled it, she waved it away to the
express
her
musical
talents.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
four winds.
C. people of a certain age are expected
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
(90)
When the soup was finished Bertha
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
to
follow
a
certain
code
of
behavior.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
turned round to the fire.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
wealthy
mothers
are
not
allowed
to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Youre niceyoure very nice! said
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
look after their children.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
she, kissing her warm baby. Im fond of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
you.
I
like
you.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
32

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7. In comparing Bertha to a poor little girl 7
4. Nanny would most likely agree with
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(line 57), the narrator is suggesting that
which of the following characterizations
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Bertha:
of Bertha?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A. lacks emotional and psychological
F. She is a thoughtless person and an
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
strength.
inexperienced
mother.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. is deprived of care-giving time with
G. She is a kind employer but a strict
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
her
baby.
mother.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
suffers
from
an
unrealistic
hope
of
H.
She
is
forgetful
and
has
no
sense
of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
having more babies.
class distinctions in society.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
desires
a
closer
relationship
with
Nanny.
J.
She
is
giddy
and
is
always
lost
in
her
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
overactive imaginings.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
8. It can be reasonably inferred from the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
passage that the central characteristic of
5. Which of the following statements about
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Nanny is:
the relationship between Bertha and
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Nanny do the details in the passage best
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F.
kindness.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
support?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. disrespectfulness.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
jealousy.
A.
Nanny
is
tired
of
working
for
Bertha
and
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
possessiveness.
would
like
to
find
other
employment.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. Bertha feels that Nanny is a compe1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
9. Based on the passage, the kind of bliss
tent
nurse
and
would
do
anything
to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
that Bertha experienced, as described in
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
keep her on.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
first
three
paragraphs,
can
best
be
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. Nanny considers herself the babys
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
described as a(n):
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
primary caregiver and Bertha just an
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
occasional visitor in the babys life.
A. emotion brought forth by a walk in
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
D. Bertha prefers to give over control of
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
park.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the child to Nanny so that she is able
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. pleasant feeling caused by nothing
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
to fulfill her inappropriate youthful
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
specific.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
fantasies.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
overwhelming
feeling
of
maternal
love.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
D. tingling feeling in ones fingers and toes. 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
6. It can most reasonably be inferred that the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
word
absurd,
as
it
is
used
in
line
69,
refers
to:
10.
From
the
use
of
the
word
triumph
in
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the last paragraph, it is reasonable to infer 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
F. Nannys overly possessive attitude
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
that Nanny is:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
towards the baby.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
G. the fact that women over 30 cannot
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F. happy to have Little B and the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
be impulsive in behavior.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
nursery
to
herself
again.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
Berthas
not
being
able
to
question
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. glad that Little B has been able to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Nannys decision to let Little B play
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
spend
some
time
with
her
mother.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
with
a
dog.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
feeling
justified
in
her
total
control
of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. the fact that Bertha is obligated to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
all matters pertaining to the nursery. 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
have a nanny to take care of her
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. glad because the phone call was
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
child.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
about another baby being put under
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
her charge.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
33
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Mohawk. Despite this opposition, in
Passage IISocial Studies
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1836, construction of the railroad began. 7
Line After the opening of the Erie Canal in
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
The Panic of 1837, which precipi1825,
the
Legislature
of
New
York
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
tated a major economic depression in the 7
(45)
directed a land survey for a state railroad
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
U.S., interfered with the work, but in
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
that
was
to
be
constructed,
at
public
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1838
the
state
legislature
provided
a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
expense, through the southern tier of
(5)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
construction loan of $3 million, and the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
counties
from
the
Hudson
River
to
Lake
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
first
section
of
line,
extending
from
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Erie.
The
unfavorable
profile
that
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
Piermont on the Hudson to Goshen, was 7
(50)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
survey indicated apparently prompted the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
put
in
operation
in
September
of
1841.
In
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
legislature
to
abandon
the
project.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
following
year,
however,
the
company
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(10)
But, the notion of an east-to-west
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
became insolvent and was placed by the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
railroad
spanning
nearly
the
entire
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
courts
in
the
hands
of
government
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
breadth
of
the
state
continued
to
hold
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
receivers. This financial disaster delayed
(55)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
sway over the minds of many New
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
further
progress
for
several
years,
and
it
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Yorkers, and the significant benefits that
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
was
not
until
1846
that
sufficient
new
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(15)
the Erie Canal had brought to the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
capital was raised to continue the work.
1
Mohawk Valley and surrounding country
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
The original estimate for building the 7
led the southern counties to demand a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
entire line of 485 miles had been $3
(60)
rail route that would work similar
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
million, but already the road had cost
wonders in that region. This growing
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
over $6 million, and only a small portion 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
(20)
sentiment
finally
persuaded
the
legisla1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
had been completed. The final estimate
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
ture to charter, in April 1832, the New
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
now rose to $15 million, and, although
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
York
and
Erie
Railroad
Company,
and
to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
some
money
was
raised
from
time
to
(65)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
give it authority to construct tracks and
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
time and new sections were built,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
regulate
its
own
charges
for
transporta1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
whether
the
entire
road
would
ever
be
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(25)
tion.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
competed was far from certain.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
During the following summer, a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Ultimately,
however,
the
courts
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
partial
survey
of
the
route
was
made
by
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
allowed
the
companys
assets
out
of
(70)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Colonel De Witt Clinton Jr., and in 1834
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
receivership, and the company soon
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
a
second
survey
was
made
of
the
whole
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
secured
new
subscriptions
of
some
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(30)
of the proposed route. When the prob1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
millions of dollars, while raising addi1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
able cost was estimated, opposition to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
tional
money
by
mortgaging
the
sections
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the project grew. Many detractors
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of
railroad
already
finished.
Finally,
in
(75)
1
asserted that the undertaking was
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1851, after eighteen years of effort, the
chimerical, impractical, and useless.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
line was opened to Lake Erie. Various
(35)
The road, they declared, could never be
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
feeders, or branches, were also added,
built and, if built, would never be used;
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
providing rail entry into Scranton,
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the southern counties were mountainous,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Pennsylvania, as well as Geneva and
(80)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
sterile,
and
worthless,
and
afforded
no
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Buffalo, New York. The railroads
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
products requiring a market; and, in any
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
western terminus, at Lake Erie, was at
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(40)
case,
these
counties
should
find
their
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Dunkirk,
while
its
eastern
terminus
was
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
natural outlet in the valley of the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
at Piermont, near Nyack on the Hudson, 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
34

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
12. As it is used in the passage, the word
(85)
about 25 miles by boat from New York
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
subscriptions (line 72) most nearly means: 7
City.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
In the end, even the highest cost
F.
an
agreement
to
order
a
specified
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
estimate of $15 million, made during
number of issues of a newspaper.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
construction, turned out far too low. The
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
receiving
discounted
tickets
for
a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(90)
company
started
its
operations
in
1851
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
series of railway trips.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
with capital obligations of no less than
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
contributions
of
a
specified
amount
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
$26
millionan
outrageously
large
sum
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
to
a
project.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
for those days. When the Erie Railroad
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. a membership fee paid regularly.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
began
operations,
the
heavy
burden
of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(95)
these
initial
obligations
soon
became
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
13. Which of the following statements best
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
apparent. Freight rates were so high that
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
describes the authors method and
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
indignant
shippers
began
banning
1
purpose for addressing his subject?
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
together in mutual support, and en masse
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A.
Presenting
a
comparative
history
of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
appealed
to
the
state
for
legislative
relief.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
railroads
to
justify
the
success
story
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(100) And, although the company had raised a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of
the
Erie
Railroad
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
substantial amount of money for
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
Constructing
an
argument
for
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
improvements after 1849, the condition
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
construction
of
the
Erie
Railroad
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of the railway, and the reputation of the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
based on the sentiment of the people 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
company, steadily declined. The Erie
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of
the
state
of
New
York
1
(105) Railroad soon became notorious for its
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
C. Presenting the authors own personal 7
many accidents, some due to carelessness
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
experience
in
the
field
of
railway
in the running of trains, others due to the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
construction in order to acquaint the 7
breaking
of
the
brittle
iron
rails.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
reader with the financial hurdles
In spite of these problems, the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
faced by the Erie Railroad project
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(110)
business
of
the
Erie
grew.
In
1852,
it
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. Presenting a series of researched facts 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
acquired the Ramapo, Paterson, and
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
in order to provide a detailed
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Hudson
River
Railroads,
thereby
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
chronological
history
of
the
Erie
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
securing
a
more
direct
connection
with
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Railroad
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
New York City.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
14.
Based
on
the
passage,
it
can
be
reasonably
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
11. It can be inferred from the passage that
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
inferred that the most remote connecting
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the Erie Railroad cost approximately:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
points
of
the
Erie
Railroad
were
at:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A. $36 million.
1
F. Lake Erie and New York City.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
$26
million.
G. Lake Erie and Piermont on the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
$15
million.
Hudson.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. $3 million.
H. the cities of Geneva and Buffalo.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
Mohawk
Valley
and
Lake
Erie.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
35
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
19. It can be reasonably inferred from the
15. Opponents of the Erie Railroad project
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
passage that the Erie Railroad Company
provided all of the following reasons in
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
developed an unfavorable reputation
arguing against constructing the Erie
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
because of its:
Railroad EXCEPT:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A.
many
accidents.
A.
cost
estimates
were
too
high.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. high freight rates.
B. the proposed route was through
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
bankruptcy.
extremely
rough
terrain.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
lack
of
connecting
lines.
C.
there
werent
enough
marketable
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
products along the proposed route.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
20. The passage provides clearest support for
D.
interest
in
a
connection
to
Lake
Erie
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
which of the following statements?
was insufficient.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F. Constructing the Erie Railroad is a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
16. How long after construction of the Erie
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
remarkable
feat
of
engineering.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Railroad began did it take for the railroad
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
G. The construction of the Erie Railroad 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
to first reach Lake Erie?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
was
a
disaster
of
unimaginable
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
proportions.
F. 3 years
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
Subsequent
surveys
changed
the
G.
10
years
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
planned
route
during
construction.
H.
18
years
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. The proposed route for the railroad
J. 30 years
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
was
successfully
completed
and
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
17. In the context of the passage, the word
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
expanded upon.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
insolvent (line 53) most nearly means:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Passage IIIHumanities
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A.
incapable
of
being
solved.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Line On July 1, 1882, a brief notice appeared
B. unable to pay debts.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
in
the
Portsmouth
(England)
Evening
C.
unable
to
distribute.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
News. It read simply, Dr. Doyle begs to
D. incapable of showing profit.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
notify
that
he
has
removed
to
1,
Bush
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
18. The fact that construction of the railroad
(5)
Villas,
Elm
Grove,
next
to
the
Bush
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
continued despite the Panic of 1837 was
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Hotel. So was announced the newly
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
due primarily to:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
formed
medical
practice
of
a
23-year-old
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
graduate of Edinburgh University
F. the raising of additional money by
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Arthur
Conan
Doyle.
But
the
town
of
the
Erie
Railroad
Company.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(10)
Southsea, the Portsmouth suburb in
G.
a
loan
from
the
Legislature
of
New
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
which
Doyle
had
opened
his
office,
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
York.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
already had several well-established
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
the
acquisition
of
feeders
to
the
main
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
physicians,
and
while
he
waited
for
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
line.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
patients
the
young
Dr.
Doyle
found
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
a
court
order
allowing
construction
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(15)
himself
with
a
great
deal
of
time
on
his
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
to
proceed.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
hands.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
To
fill
it,
he
began
writingshort
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
stories,
historical
novels,
whatever
would
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
keep him busy and, hopefully, bring
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
36

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
working as a London hansom cab driver, 7
(20)
additional funds into his sparsely filled
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
A Study in Scarlet was rejected by several 7
coffers. By the beginning of 1886, his
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
publishers before being accepted that fall 7
practice had grown to the point of
(65)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
for publication by Ward, Lock &
providing him with a respectable if not
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
Company as part of Beetons Christmas
munificent income, and he had managed
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Annual
in
1887.
Although
the
author
(25)
to
have
a
few
pieces
published.
Although
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
asked to be paid a royalty based on sale
literary success still eluded him, he had
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of
the
book,
his
publisher
offered
instead
developed
an
idea
for
a
new
book,
a
(70)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
only a flat fee of 25 for the copyright
detective story, and in March he began
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(the
equivalent
of
approximately
$50
writing
the
tale
that
would
give
birth
to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
today).
Doyle
reluctantly
accepted.
(30)
one
of
literatures
most
enduring
figures.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A handful of reviewers commented
Although he was familiar with and
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
kindly
on
the
story,
but
the
reading
(75)
impressed
by
the
fictional
detectives
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
public as a whole was unimpressed.
created by Edgar Allan Poe, Emile
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Ward,
Lock
published
A
Study
in
Scarlet
Gaboriau,
and
Wilkie
Collins,
Doyle
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
in
book
form
the
following
year,
while
(35)
believed
he
could
create
a
different
kind
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the disappointed author returned to his
of detective, one for whom detection was
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
historical novels, with which he had
(80)
a science rather than an art. As a model,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
finally achieved some modest success.
he used one of his medical school
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Fictional detection, Doyle thought, was
professors, Dr. Joseph Bell. As Bells
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
behind him. In August, 1889, however,
(40)
assistant, Doyle had seen how, by
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
he was approached by the editor of the
exercising his powers of observation and
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
American Lippincotts Monthly Maga(85)
deduction and asking a few questions,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
zine,
published
in
Philadelphia
and
Bell
had
been
able
not
only
to
diagnose
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
London, to write another Sherlock
his patients complaints but also to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Holmes
story.
Although
he
had
little
(45)
accurately
determine
their
professions
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
interest in continuing Holmess advenand backgrounds. A detective who
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
tures,
Doyle
was
still
in
need
of
money
(90)
applied
similar
intellectual
powers
to
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and
accepted
the
offer.
solving
of
criminal
mysteries
could
be
a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
Published in Lippincotts in February, 7
compelling figure, Doyle felt.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1890,
and
in
book
form
later
that
year,
(50)
At
first
titled
A
Tangled
Skein,
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
The Sign of the Four chronicled Holmess 7
story was to be told by his detectives
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
investigation
of
the
murder
of
Bartho(95)
companion,
a
Dr.
Ormand
Sacker,
and
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
lomew
Sholto
and
his
search
for
the
detective
himself
was
to
be
named
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Jonathan Small and a treasure stolen by
Sherrinford Holmes. But by April, 1886,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
British soldiers in India. It too, however, 7
(55)
when Doyle finished the manuscript, the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
met with little enthusiasm from the
title had become A Study in Scarlet, the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
(100) public. In the meantime, however,
narrator Dr. John H. Watson, and the
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Doyles other small literary successes had 7
detective Mr. Sherlock Holmes.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
enabled him to move to London, where
A tale of revenge, in which Holmes is
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
he became a consulting physician.
(60)
able to determine that two Mormons
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Fortunately,
even
this
new
London
visiting
England
from
Utah
have
been
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(105) practice did not keep him very busy,
killed by Jefferson Hope, an American
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
37
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
leaving him time to concentrate on his
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Dr. Doyle could be appropriately dewriting.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
scribed as any of the following EXCEPT
In April, 1891, he submitted a short
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
a(n):
Sherlock Holmes story, A Scandal in
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
(110) Bohemia, to a new magazine called The
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A.
doctor
who
was
less
than
fully
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Strand.
It
was
with
the
publication
of
this
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
devoted to a career in medical.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
story, and the series of Holmes tales
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
writer
passionate
about
his
fictional
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
which
followed,
that
the
public
finally
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
detective
Sherlock
Holmes.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
took an interest in Dr. Doyles detective,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. writer who considered his historical
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(115)
enabling
him
to
give
up
his
practice
and
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
novels
to
be
of
some
importance.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
turn
to
writing
full
time.
Despite
his
own
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. author who was open-minded to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
continuing lack of enthusiasm for his
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
publication
of
his
works
in
America.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
protagonisthe
considered
the
Holmes
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
stories insignificant compared to his
24. What set Dr. Doyles detective fiction
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(120)
serious
historical
novelsspurred
by
apart from previously published detective
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
public
clamor
for
more
Sherlock
fiction?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Holmes, Doyle eventually wrote 56 short
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F.
His
fictional
detection
was
firmly
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
stories and four novels in the series, and
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
based
on
scientific
methodology.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
in the process created what may be the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. He always based his protagonists on
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(125) best-known character in all of English
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
exploits
of
Americans
living
1
literature.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
abroad.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. Most of his fictional detection was
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
21.
As
it
is
used
in
the
passage,
the
word
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
based on the solving of real myster1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
munificent (line 24) most nearly means:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
ies.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
J. His detective stories were based
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A. noble.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
primarily on medical mysteries.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. sparse.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
C. bountiful.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
25.
Among
the
following,
who
was
Doyles
D. extra.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
biggest influence in the creation of his
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
fictional
detective
Sherlock
Holmes?
22.
According
to
the
passage,
the
public
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
finally
expressed
an
interest
in
Dr.
Doyles
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A. Doyles publicist
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
detective fiction stories after they were
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. A police detective in Southsea
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
published
in:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. Dr. Joseph Bell
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
D. Edgar Allan Poe
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F. Beetons Christmas Annual.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
G. Portsmouth Evening News.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
The
Strand.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. Lippincotts Monthly Magazine.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
38

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
26. According to the passage, Doyle started
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Doyle abandoned his medical career
writing because:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
primarily because of the:
F.
he
had
always
been
fascinated
by
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A. success of his historical novels.
murder mysteries.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
increase
in
demand
for
more
of
G.
he
hoped
to
stay
occupied
and
make
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Holmess adventures.
extra money.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
large
number
of
medical
practitioners
H.
he
had
always
aspired
to
be
a
famous
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
in
London.
author.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. lack of interest in medical journals
J. there were too many physicians in
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
among
publishers.
Southsea.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
30. At a minimum, about how long had Doyle 7
27. The author of the passage uses the word
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
been writing fictional stories before the
fortunately in line 104 in order to suggest
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
public began to take a strong interest in
that:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
any of his stories?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A.
consulting
physicians
in
London
are
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F. Two years
typically too busy to engage in
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
Five
years
hobbies
such
as
writing.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
Seven
years
B.
it
would
have
been
in
Doyles
best
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. Nine years
interest at the time to concentrate on
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
his
medical
practice.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
Passage IVNatural Science
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. Doyle was convinced at that time
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
[The following passage discusses the difficulties 7
that his literary career was destined
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
involved in identifying common causes for com- 7
for success.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
munity cancer clusters.]
D. Doyles literary career was more
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
important than his medical career.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Line
Community
cancer
clusters
are
localized
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
patterns of excessive cancer occurrence.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
28. Based on the passage, it can be most
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
They
are
viewed
quite
differently
by
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
reasonably
inferred
that
Doyle
moved
to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
citizen
activists
than
by
epidemiologists.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
London because:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(5)
Environmentalists and concerned local
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F.
he
could
finally
afford
to
reside
there.
residents,
for
instance,
might
immediately
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. he wanted to practice medicine in a
suspect environmental radiation as the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
larger town with more opportunities.
culprit
when
a
high
incidence
of
cancer
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. of the many opportunities there to
cases
occurs
near
a
nuclear
facility.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
earn supplemental income.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(10)
Epidemiologists, in contrast, would be
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. his publisher was based in London.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
more likely to say that the incidences
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
were inconclusive or the result of pure 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
chance. And when a breast cancer
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
survivor, Lorraine Pace, mapped twenty
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(15)
breast cancer cases occurring in her West 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Islip, Long Island, community, her
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
rudimentary
research
efforts
were
guided
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
more by hopethat a specific environ1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
39
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
been traced to an environmental cause.
mental agent could be correlated with the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
Health officials often discount a commu- 7
(20)
cancersthan by scientific method.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
nitys suspicion of a common environWhen epidemiologists study clusters
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
mental cause because citizens tend to
of cancer cases and other noncontagious
(65)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
include cases that were diagnosed before
conditions such as birth defects or
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
afflicted
individuals
moved
into
the
miscarriage,
they
take
several
variables
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
neighborhood. Add to this the problem
(25)
into account, such as background rate
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of
cancers
latency.
Unlike
an
infectious
(the
number
of
people
affected
in
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
disease like cholera, which is caused by a 7
(70)
general population), cluster size, and
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
recent
exposure
to
food
or
water
specificity
(any
notable
characteristics
of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
contaminated
with
the
cholera
bactethe
individual
affected
in
each
case).
If
a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
rium, cancer may have its roots in an
(30)
cluster is both large and specific, it is
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
exposure
that
occurred
ten
to
twenty
easier
for
epidemiologists
to
assign
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
years earlier. Citizens also conduct what
(75)
blame. Not only must each variable be
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
one
epidemiologist
calls
epidemiological
considered
on
its
own,
but
it
must
also
be
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
gerrymandering:
finding
cancer
cases,
combined
with
others.
Lung
cancer
is
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
drawing a boundary around them, and
(35)
very common in the general population.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
then mapping this as a cluster.
Yet when a huge number of cases turned
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Do all these caveats mean that the
(80)
up among World War II shipbuilders who
1
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7
1
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7
hard work of Lorraine Pace and other
had all worked with asbestos, the size of
1
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7
1
community activists is for naught? Not
the cluster and the fact that the men had
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
necessarily. Together with many other
(40)
had similar occupational asbestos
1
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7
1
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7
reports of breast cancer clusters on Long 7
exposures enabled epidemiologists to
1
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1
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7
Island, the West Islip situation high(85)
assign blame to the fibrous mineral.
1
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7
1
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7
lighted by Pace has helped epidemioloFurthermore, even if a cluster seems
1
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7
1
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7
gists
lay
the
groundwork
for
a
welltoo
small
to
be
analyzed
conclusively,
it
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
designed scientific study.
(45)
may still yield important data if the
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
background
rate
of
the
condition
is
low
1
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7
1
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7
enough.
This
was
the
case
when
a
1
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7
1
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7
cervical cancer turned up almost simulta1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
community cancer clusters refer to cancer
1
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7
neously
in
a
half-dozen
young
women.
1
patterns existing in a:
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
(50)
While six would seem to be too small a
1
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7
A.
particular
religious
community.
1
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7
cluster
for
meaningful
study,
the
cancer
1
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7
B.
communal
living
environment.
1
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7
had
been
reported
only
once
or
twice
1
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7
C.
particular
geographic
location.
1
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7
before in the entire medical literature.
1
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7
D.
specific
part
of
the
human
body.
1
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7
Researchers eventually found that the
1
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7
1
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7
(55)
mothers of all the afflicted women had
1
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7
32. As it is used in the passage, the word
1
taken the drug diethylstilbestrol (DES)
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
rudimentary (line 17) most nearly means:
while pregnant.
1
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7
1
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7
F. healthy.
Although several known carcinogens
1
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7
1
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7
G.
basic.
have been discovered through these kinds
1
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7
1
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7
H.
scientific.
(60)
of
occupational
or
medical
clusters,
only
1
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7
1
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7
J. rigorous.
one community cancer cluster has ever
1
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7
1
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7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
40

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
36. Which of the following would be most
33. What led the epidemiologists to conclude
1
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7
1
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similar to epidemiological gerrymander- 7
that asbestos exposure causes lung cancer
1
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7
1
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7
ing, which the author describes in the
(lines 4142) was a combination of all of
1
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7
1
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7
fourth paragraph (lines 7677)?
the following EXCEPT:
1
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7
1
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7
F.
A
politicians
changing
voting
district
A.
the
number
of
cases
of
lung
cancer
1
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7
1
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7
boundaries to gain advantage for
was large.
1
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7
1
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7
elections
B.
all
the
people
affected
were
World
1
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7
1
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7
G.
A
census
reports
correlating
statistiWar
II
shipbuilders.
1
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7
1
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cal data according to gender and race 7
C. spouses of asbestos workers did not
1
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7
1
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7
H.
A
schools
redistributing
students
typically
develop
lung
cancer.
1
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7
1
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according to their academic qualifica- 7
D. all the case subjects were men who
1
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7
1
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7
tions
to
different
grades
had
worked
with
asbestos.
1
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7
1
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7
J.
A
professors
declaring
the
result
of
1
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7
34. The case of six young women with
1
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her students research inconclusive 7
1
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7
cervical cancer (lines 4749) is an example
1
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due to lack of sufficient environmen- 7
1
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7
of a cluster that has a:
1
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7
tal variables
1
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7
1
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7
F.
high
background
rate
and
small
size.
1
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7
37.
Health
officials
tend
to
discount
the
work
1
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7
G.
low
background
rate
and
is
nonspe1
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7
of citizens involved in mapping cancer
1
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7
cific.
1
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7
clusters
partly
because
citizens
often:
1
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7
H.
high
background
rate
and
is
fairly
1
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7
1
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7
A. fail to investigate the background of
specific.
1
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7
1
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7
individual case subjects.
J. low background rate and is fairly
1
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7
1
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7
B. fail to gather data from a broad
specific.
1
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7
1
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7
enough geographical area.
1
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7
35. Based on the information in the second
1
C. overemphasize individual characteris- 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
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7
paragraph (lines 2143), which of the
tics of the cases.
1
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7
1
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7
following can most reasonably be inferred
D. discount occupational hazards
1
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7
1
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7
about
cancer
and
birth
defects?
specific
to
each
case.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
A. The size of the cluster of people
1
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7
38.
It
can
be
reasonably
inferred
from
the
1
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7
affected
is
similar
in
both.
1
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7
information
in
the
second
paragraph
(lines
1
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7
B. Both are caused by the same virus.
1
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2143) that one of the highest background 7
1
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7
C. Cancer victims and people with birth
1
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7
rates
in
cancer
studies
is
for:
1
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7
defects have similar backgrounds.
1
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7
1
F. cervical cancer.
D. Both are impossible to transmit by
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
G. lung cancer.
contact.
1
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7
1
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7
H.
breast
cancer.
1
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7
1
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7
J. bone cancer.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
41
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
40. At the end of the passage, the author
39. The authors main objective in the passage
1
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7
1
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7
concludes that:
is to:
1
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7
1
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7
F.
community
cancer
clusters
are
viewed
A.
discuss
the
response
of
epidemiolo1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
differently by citizen activists, who
gists to a cancer threat in a commu1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
are
hindered
by
preconceptions,
than
nity.
1
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7
1
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7
by health officials.
B. inform the reader of Lorraine Paces
1
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7
1
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7
G.
the
efforts
of
ordinary
citizens
can
activism
in
West
Islip.
1
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7
1
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7
help
scientists
determine
the
causes
of
C.
discuss
the
difficulties
involved
in
1
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7
1
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7
community cancer clusters.
identifying common causes of
1
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7
1
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7
H.
health
officials
need
the
help
of
community
cancer
clusters.
1
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7
1
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7
concerned citizens in order to
D. explain the relevance of environmen1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
determine
the
causes
of
community
tal
agents
in
the
study
of
community
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
cancer
clusters.
cancer
clusters.
1
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7
1
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7
J. local residents sometimes hinder the
1
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7
1
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7
progress of scientific research by
1
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7
1
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7
pushing for a quick resolution.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
S
T
O
P
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
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7
42

Science

Temperature ( C)
Mean Annual
Precipitation (mm)
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
Directions: This test consists of seven passages, each followed by several questions. Read each
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
passage
and
select
the
best
answer
for
each
question
following
the
passage.
Then,
on
your
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
answer sheet, mark the oval corresponding to the best answer. You may NOT use a calculator on
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
this
test.
1
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7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
Passage
I
1
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7
Figure
1
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Lake ecosystems are highly sensitive to changes
1000
1.0
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
in acid-base balance, also referred to as pH
1
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7
1
level. Growing concern over the last few
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
800
0
decades about increases in lake sulfate concen1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
trations and pH has led to an environmental
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
600
1.0
campaign to reduce the amount of sulfates
1
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7
1
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7
released into the atmosphere from industrial
1
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7
1
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7
sources.
To
determine
the
impact
of
sulfates
on
1
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7
400
2.0
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1900
1950
2000
some lake ecosystems, ecologists conducted two
1
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7
1
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7
experiments
in
a
particular
alpine
area.
1
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7
1
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7
In order to take into account changing
1
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7
Key:
= Temperature
1
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7
climatic
parameters
in
the
study
area,
the
=
Precipitation
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
researchers
first
looked
at
rainfall
and
tempera1
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7
1
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7
ture since 1900. The results appear in Figure 1.
Experiment 1
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
Ecologists measured the terrestrial deposition
1
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7
1
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(land deposits) of sulfate at five alpine stations 7
1
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7
1
located adjacent to five particular lakes
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
annually from 1993 to 2000. Sulfate was
1
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7
1
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7
measured in soil and rock samples. The
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
averages
for
two-year
sampling
periods
appear
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
in Table 1 on page 43.
1
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7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
43
1993
(uequiv./L)
1993
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
Table 1
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
Sulphate
Concentration
(Mg/L)
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
Lakes
199394
199596
199798
19992000
1
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7
1
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7
1
0.65
0.60
0.60
0.59
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
0.60
0.59
0.58
0.50
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
0.82
0.82
0.80
0.69
1
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7
4
0.89
0.69
0.66
0.66
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
0.68
0.65
0.67
0.69
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
2.
The
results
of
experiment
2
show
that,
Experiment
2
1
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7
1
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7
from 1993 to 2000, pH levels:
1
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7
In 2000, researchers looked at the sulfate
1
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7
F. remained stable in the non-glacial
1
concentrations (in equivalents/L) and pH in the
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7
1
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7
lakes but increased in the glacial
lakes adjacent to the alpine stations and
1
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7
1
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7
lakes.
compared them to concentrations recorded in
1
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7
1
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7
G.
decreased
in
the
glacial
lakes
but
the
same
lakes
in
1993.
Results
appear
in
1
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7
1
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7
decreased in the non-glacial lakes.
Figure 2.
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
increased
in
the
non-glacial
lakes
but
1
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7
Figure 2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
pH
decreased in the glacial lakes.
1
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7
8
1
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7
Key:
J.
increased
in
the
non-glacial
lakes
1
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7
=
glacial
lake
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
7
while
remaining
relatively
stable
in
1
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7
= nonglacial lake
1
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7
the glacial lakes.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
6
1
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7
1
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7
1
3. The data collected from Experiments 1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
1
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7
5
6
7
8
and
2
show:
1
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7
2000
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
A.
no
clear
trend
in
sulfate
concentra1
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7
Sulphate
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
900
tion among terrestrial deposits, but
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
increasing
sulfate
concentrations
in
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
600
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the lakes.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
300
B.
increasing
sulfate
concentration
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
among
terrestrial
deposits,
but
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
0
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
decreasing sulfate concentrations in
0
300
600
900
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(uequiv./L)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the lakes.
2000
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. no clear trend in sulfate-concentra1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
tion levels either among terrestrial
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1.
At
which
alpine
station
did
terrestrial
1
deposits or among the lakes.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
sulfate concentration remain the most
D. increasing sulfate concentrations
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
stable
over
the
study
period?
among terrestrial deposits, but no
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
clear
trend
in
sulfate-concentration
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A. The station adjacent to lake 1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
levels in the lakes.
1
B. The station adjacent to lake 3
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. The station adjacent to lake 4
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. The station adjacent to lake 5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
44

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
5. Based on the experimental data, which of 7
4. Which of the following hypotheses do the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the following conclusions is the most
experimental data best support?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
reasonable one?
F.
Increasing
precipitation
levels
bring
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A. Industrial sulfate affects pH levels to 7
increasing amounts of airborne
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
a greater extent than naturally
sulfate emissions into the lakes.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
occurring sulfate.
G. Increasing air temperatures have the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
Sufficiently
warm
water
temperatures
effect
of
increasing
pH
levels
in
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
are
needed
in
order
for
sulfate
to
lakes,
which
in
turn
increase
sulfate1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
affect the pH levels in lake water.
concentration levels in the lakes.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
In
lake
water,
pH
levels
are
sensitive
H.
The
melting
of
glacial
ice
due
to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
to sulfate concentration levels.
gradually increasing air temperatures
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
In
lake
water,
sulfate
concentration
increases
the
amount
of
sulfates
in
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
levels
have
little
or
no
impact
on
lake
water.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
pH levels.
J. Wide variations in precipitation levels
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
contribute to wide variations among
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Passage
II
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the lakes in both pH and sulfate1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
concentration levels.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Spacecraft
such
as
the
Mariner
10
in
the
1970s
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and the Voyagers in the 1990s successfully
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
passed
at
close
range
to
nearly
all
the
known
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
planets
in
our
Solar
System,
providing
new
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
information about them that we otherwise
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
would not know. Table 1 shows data collected 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
during these missions as well as other data
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
already known about the planets. Some of the
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
numbers are approximations only. A planets
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
rotational period is the time it takes to turn
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Table 1
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Mean
Average
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Surface
Rotational
Distance
Average
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Temp.
Period
Orbital
From
Sun
Density
Terrestrial
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(C)
Description
(Earth
days)
Eccentricity
(millions
of
miles)
(water
51)
Bodies
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Mercury
5.4
36
59
.206
179 Rocky, ferrous
1
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7
Venus
5.2
67
243
.007
480
Rocky,
ferrous
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Earth
5.5
93
24 hrs
.017
22 Rocky, ferrous
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Mars
3.9
142
25
hrs
.093
223
Rocky
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Jupiter
1.3
484
9
hrs
.048
2150
Gaseous
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Saturn
0.7
887
10 hrs
.056
2180 Gaseous
1
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7
Uranus
1.2
1,783
11 hrs
.047
2210 Icy, gaseous
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Neptune
1.7
2,794
16
hrs
.009
2220
Icy,
gaseous
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
Pluto
1
3,600
6
.25
2230 Icy, rocky, gaseous 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
45
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
7. The data provided in Table 1 on page 45
once on its axis, completing one planetary day.
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
show that:
A planets orbital eccentricity is the percent
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
difference between an elliptical paths longest
A.
Jupiter
has
the
shortest
rotational
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
axis and shortest axis. A perfectly circular orbit
period and the third highest orbital
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
would have an orbital eccentricity of zero (0).
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
eccentricity.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. Pluto has the lowest average density
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
The following figure is a plot of the densities
1
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7
and
the
highest
orbital
eccentricity.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and
diameters
of
the
terrestrial
(nongaseous)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
Earth
has
the
highest
average
density
1
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7
planets.
1
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7
and the fifth longest rotational
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
6
Earth
1
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7
period.
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. Mercury has the highest average
Mercury
1
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7
Venus
5
1
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7
density
and
the
highest
orbital
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
eccentricity.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
4
1
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7
Density
8. The planet with an average density closest 7
1
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Mars
)
(gm/cm
1
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7
to that of water is:
1
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7
3
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F.
Uranus.
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
Saturn.
2
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. Pluto.
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
Mercury.
1
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
9. On Mercury, one year (the time it takes to 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
0
orbit once around the sun) is about 88
1
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7
0
2
4
6
8
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Diameter
Earth
days.
How
many
full
rotations
does
1
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7
(thousands of miles)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Mercury complete in one Mercury year?
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
A. 1
1
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7
6. Which of the following statements is best
1
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7
B.
6
1
supported by the data in Table 1 on
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
C.
59
page
45?
1
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7
1
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7
D. It cannot be determined from the
1
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7
F.
Gaseous
planets
tend
to
have
higher
1
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7
information
given.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
orbital
eccentricities
than
non1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
gaseous planets.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
Planets
that
rotate
slowly
tend
to
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
have higher surface temperatures
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
than
other
planets.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
Planets
with
low
densities
tend
to
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
rotate more slowly than high-density
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
planets.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. The gravity of the Sun operates to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
reduce orbital eccentricity.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
46

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
10. The data presented suggest that there is:
Table 1
1
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7
1
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7
Average
Concentrations
of
Dissolved
F. a direct linear relationship between
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Substances
in
Bulk
Precipitation
and
density
and
diameter
among
all
of
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Stream Water in 6 Undisturbed
terrestrial planets except Mercury.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Experimental
Watersheds
G.
a
direct
linear
relationship
between
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
density and diameter among all of the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Precipi- Stream
Percent
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
terrestrial
planets.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Substance
tation
Water
Change
1
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7
H.
a
direct
linear
relationship
between
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Calcium
0.21
1.51
2619%
density and diameter among the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Magnesium
0.05
0.37
2640% 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
terrestrial
planets
but
not
among
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
Potassium
0.10
0.23
2130% 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
gaseous planets.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
Sodium
0.12
0.94
2683% 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. no clear relationship between density
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Aluminum
0.01
0.24
22,300%
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and
diameter
among
the
terrestrial
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
Ammonium
0.22
0.05
340% 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
planets.
Sulfate
3.10
6.20
2100% 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
Nitrate
1.30
1.14
12% 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
11.
Although
Venus
has
a
higher
mean
surface
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
Chloride
0.42
0.64
252% 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
temperature than Mercury, the average
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Dissolved
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
high
temperatures
on
the
surface
of
Venus
1
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Silica
0.03
4.59
215,300% 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
are less than those on Mercury. Which of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Notes: Data is given in kilograms per dry weight of 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
the
following
is
the
most
reasonable
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
materials per hectar of the watershed. Basin-caught materi- 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
explanation
for
this
apparent
contradicals are coarse, net-caught materials are fine, and filter- 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
caught materials are super-fine.
tion?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
The first task was to estimate the average
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A. Mercurys average density is greater
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
nutrient
flow
within
the
entire
forest
area.
1
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7
than that of Venus.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Table 1 above shows their estimate based on six 7
1
B. Mercury is closer to the Sun than
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
experimental areas chosen within the forest.
Venus.
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Nutrients enter the forest ecosystem via
C. Mercurys rotational period is less
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
precipitation,
so
rain
gauges
were
set
up
in
than
that
of
Venus.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
various locations in the study areas. Nutrients
D. Mercurys orbital eccentricity is
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
exit
the
ecosystem
through
runoff
from
streams
greater
than
that
of
Venus.
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and
rivers,
so
the
ecologists
measured
stream
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Passage III
flows in the designated areas.
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
The
state
forestry
commission
engaged
a
group
1
After estimating the overall nutrient flow in this 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of ecologists to study the nutrient flow in a
forest, the ecologists had one 15-hectare* area 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
forest on federal lands that was being considcleared of trees in order to determine the
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
ered for lease to a logging company. They were
amount of increase that would occur in runoff. 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
also asked to study the effects of clear-cutting in
The trees were removed from the area, but
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
selected
areas
to
predict
what
the
long-term
nothing
else
was
disturbed.
For
the
first
two
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
effects on the nutrient budget might be. The
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
scientists
selected
several
small
sections
of
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
forest for observation and experiment.
*A hectare is a metric unit of measure equal to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2.471
acres.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
47
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Table 2
1
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7
1
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7
Annual
Losses
of
Particulate
Matter
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
Watershed 1
Watershed 2
1
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7
1
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7
Undisturbed Area
Deforested Area
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
Source of Output
Year
Organic
Inorganic
Organic
Inorganic
1
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7
1
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7
Ponding
Basin
1
4.62
8.30
35.41
158.32
1
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7
1
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7
Net
1
0.43
0.02
0.26
0.01
1
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7
1
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7
Filter
1
2.64
2.80
4.23
4.80
1
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7
1
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7
Ponding Basin
2
11.39
31.00
45.13
321.88
1
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7
1
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7
Net
2
0.43
0.02
0.25
0.03
1
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7
1
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7
Filter
2
3.32
3.70
6.24
7.10
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
Ponding Basin
3
3.83
5.78
53.72
540.32
1
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7
Net
3
0.42
0.01
0.27
0.04
1
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7
1
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7
Filter
3
2.61
2.97
8.73
12.98
1
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7
1
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7
1
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Notes: Data is given in kilograms per dry weight of materials per hectar of the watershed. Basin-caught materials are coarse, 7
1
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7
net-caught materials are fine, and filter-caught materials are super-fine.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
13. The data provide LEAST support for
years after the logging, an herbicide was
1
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7
1
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7
which
of
the
following
hypotheses
about
applied
so
that
no
vegetation
would
grow
back.
1
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7
1
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7
the
impact
of
clear-cutting
a
forest
The
ecologists
then
compared
this
cleared
1
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7
1
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ecosystem during the first three years after 7
watershed with one of the intact watersheds
1
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7
1
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7
deforestation?
under study. They measured the stream flow for
1
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7
1
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7
the first three years after the logging took place.
A. Clear-cutting has the effect of
1
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7
1
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7
Table 2 above summarizes the amounts of
increasing the amount of coarse
1
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7
1
organic and inorganic matter found at the
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
particulate
matter
that
exits
the
1
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7
watershed basin. A net and filter system was
1
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7
ecosystem.
1
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7
utilized to catch finer matter as the runoff
1
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7
B.
Clear-cutting
has
the
effect
of
1
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7
exited
the
watershed
area.
1
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7
increasing the loss of super-fine
1
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7
1
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7
particulate
matter
that
exits
the
1
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7
1
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7
12.
Based
on
the
experimental
data
collected,
ecosystem.
1
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7
1
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7
the forest appears to be experiencing a
C. Clear-cutting has little effect on the
1
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7
1
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7
net:
amount
of
fine
particulate
matter
1
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7
1
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7
that exits the ecosystem.
F. loss in all measured nutrients.
1
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7
1
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7
D.
Clear-cutting
has
the
effect
of
G. loss in all but two measured nutri1
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7
1
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7
increasing the loss of organic matter
ents.
1
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7
1
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7
but not inorganic matter.
H. gain in all but two measured nutri1
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7
1
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7
ents.
1
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7
1
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7
J. gain in all measured nutrients.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
48

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
16. Which of the following forecasts for the
14. Which of the following claims is best
1
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7
1
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7
longer-term nutrient budget in the two
supported by the data in Table 2 on
1
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7
1
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7
15-hectare areas compared in Table 2 on
page 48?
1
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7
1
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7
page 48 is most reasonable?
F. The undisturbed watershed area
1
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7
1
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7
F.
Nutrient
losses
in
the
deforested
area
received
more
precipitation
during
1
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7
1
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7
will slowly decline while nutrient
Year 2 than during either Year 1 or
1
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7
1
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7
losses
in
the
undisturbed
area
will
Year
3.
1
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7
1
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7
increase.
G.
The
deforested
watershed
area
1
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7
1
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G. Both the undisturbed and deforested 7
contains a greater amount of organic
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
areas
will
experience
increasing
losses
matter
than
inorganic
matter.
1
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7
1
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7
of nutrients.
H. The herbicide applied to the defor1
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7
1
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7
H.
Nutrient
losses
in
the
deforested
area
ested
area
did
not
effect
the
amount
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
will
slowly
increase
while
nutrient
of
organic
matter
exiting
that
area.
1
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7
1
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7
losses in the undisturbed area will
J. Before the removal of any trees, the
1
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7
1
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7
slowly decrease.
undisturbed watershed area con1
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7
1
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7
J. Nutrient losses in the undisturbed
tained less inorganic matter than the
1
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7
1
area will remain stable over the
area where the trees were cleared.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
longer term while nutrient losses in
1
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7
1
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7
15. Assuming that sodium is naturally found
the deforested area will slowly
1
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7
1
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7
primarily
as
a
fine
material
rather
than
decline.
1
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7
1
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7
either
a
coarse
or
super-fine
material,
1
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7
1
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7
17. Which of the following, if true, would
which of the following conclusions is best
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
most
seriously
call
into
question
any
supported
by
the
data?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
conclusions about the entire forests
1
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7
A. In the deforested area, less sodium
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
nutrient
budget
based
on
the
data
in
1
was lost during Year 2 than during
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Table 1 on page 47?
Year 3.
1
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7
1
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7
A. The total precipitation in the six
B. In the deforested area, less sodium
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
experimental
areas
is
significantly
less
was
lost
during
Year
1
than
during
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
than the total precipitation in the
Year 2.
1
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7
1
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7
remaining
areas
of
the
forest.
C.
In
the
undisturbed
area,
about
the
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
The
average
precipitation
per
hectare
same
amount
of
sodium
was
lost
1
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7
1
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7
is less in the six experimental areas
during all three years.
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
than
in
the
remaining
areas
of
the
D.
In
the
undisturbed
area,
less
sodium
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
forest.
was lost during Year 2 than during
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
The
forests
streams
and
rivers
run
Year
3.
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
mainly
through
the
six
experimental
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
areas.
1
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7
1
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7
D.
In
the
experimental
areas,
soil
1
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7
1
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7
nutrients are found in proportions
1
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7
1
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7
that differ from their proportions in
1
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7
1
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7
other areas of the forest.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
49
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
offspring that is smaller than the male would
Passage IV
1
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7
1
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7
like and larger than the female would like.
1
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7
Biologists
have
discovered
certain
genes
(the
1
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7
1
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7
Anti-Cancer Theory
basic unit of genetic material found on the
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
chromosomes)
that
behave
very
differently
1
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7
This theory holds that imprinted genes evolved
1
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7
depending
on
whether
they
are
passed
down
to
1
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to prevent cancer. The genes have been found in 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
offspring from the father or the mother. These
1
the placenta (an organ that develops to nourish 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
genes, called imprinted genes, are chemically
a growing fetus). Placental tissue grows and
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
altered in cells that give rise to eggs and sperm.
burrows into the uterus, where the fetus
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
These
alterations
result
in
dramatically
different
develops. The ability to grow and invade tissues 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
properties. In the imprinted genes that have
is also seen in aggressive cancers. Imprinted
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
been most fully studied, the female alters the
genes might have developed to ensure that the
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
gene
so
that
certain
proteins
are
not
produced.
potentially
dangerous
placenta
will
not
develop
1
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7
1
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The protein remains active in the fathers genes.
if there is no fetus to nourish. The female might 7
1
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7
1
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7
Researchers have posed numerous theories to
inactivate
certain
growth
genes
in
her
eggs,
1
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7
1
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7
explain the evolution of imprinted genes. Three
while
the
sperm
kept
them
turned
on.
If
no
1
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7
1
of the theories are presented below.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
fertilization took place, the growth would not
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
occur.
If
a
sperm
did
join
the
egg,
the
males
Competing
Parental
Interest
Theory
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
gene would ensure that the protein developed.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Some biologists think that imprinted genes
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
evolved in a battle between the sexes to
Protein Control Theory
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
determine the size of offspring. It is to the
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
A third group of biologists holds that imprinted 7
genetic advantage of the female to rear a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
genes
developed
to
ensure
the
precise
regulation
number of offspring, all of which will pass
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of certain proteins. Genes do their work by
along her genetic material. Consequently, while
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
initiating
the
production
of
different
proteins.
she wants each offspring to be healthy, she does
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
Some proteins involved in the growth of
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
not
want
them
to
be
so
large
that
the
strain
of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
embryos
may
need
to
be
regulated
with
great
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
feeding and/or delivering them would jeopar1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
precision to ensure the healthy development of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
dize
her
ability
to
bear
future
babies.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
offspring.
Proponents
of
the
protein
control
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Conversely, it is to the genetic advantage of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
theory
suggest
that
this
careful
regulation
might
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
males
in
non-monogamous
species
(species
that
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
be
easier
if
only
one
parent
is
involved.
Thus,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
do
not
always
mate
for
life)
to
have
the
mother
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
one
parent
might
turn
off
such
genes,
leaving
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
expend as much of her resources as possible to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
regulation
to
the
other.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
ensure
the
health
of
his
offspring.
He
is
not
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
concerned with her ability to bear future
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
offspring, since these will not necessarily be
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
fathered by him (and, therefore, will not be
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
transmitting his genetic material). Hence,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
imprinted genes have developed in this parental
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
tug-of-war.
Normally,
each
offspring
receives
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
one copy of an imprinted gene from the father
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and
one
from
the
mother.
The
changes
that
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
parents make in their genes result in an
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
50

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
20. Supporters of the competing parental
18. Which of the following experimental
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
interest theory assume that:
findings poses the most serious difficulties
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
for proponents of the anti-cancer theory?
F.
only
females
have
an
interest
in
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
regulating the size of their offspring. 7
F. When a mouse was genetically
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. only males have an interest in
engineered so that it contained two
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
ensuring the health and survival of
copies of every gene from its mother
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
their
offspring.
only,
the
embryo
was
unable
to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
both
males
and
females
have
an
develop.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
interest in producing as many
G. Research in animals that lay eggs has
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
offspring
of
their
own
sex
as
possible.
never
turned
up
an
imprinted
gene.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. both males and females have an
H. Imprinted genes have been found in
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
interest
in
transmitting
their
genetic
plants,
which
have
no
placentas.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
material
to
as
many
offspring
as
J.
Research
has
shown
that
imprinted
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
possible.
genes have not evolved rapidly as
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
they usually do in competitive
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
21.
Supporters
of
all
three
theories
would
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
situations.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
agree that:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
19.
Supporters
of
the
protein
control
theory
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A.
imprinted
genes
evolved
as
a
means
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
believe that:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of regulating reproduction-related
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
events.
A.
imprinted
genes
are
used
to
regulate
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. imprinted genes should be absent in
crucial proteins.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
non-placental animals (animals
B. imprinted genes are active only in
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
whose offspring develop without a
females.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
placenta).
C. imprinted genes should not be found
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
C. if an embryo is formed without
in monogamous species (ones that
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
female-imprinted genes, the future
mate for life).
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
ability of the mother to bear offD. only the male passes down imprinted
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
spring
will
be
jeopardized.
genes
to
the
offspring.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. imprinted genes should always be
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
turned
off
in
the
mother.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
51
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
24. Researchers conducted breeding studies
22. Which of the following findings is best
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
with two species of mice. Species A was
explained by the competing parental
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
monogamous, while Species B was not.
interest theory?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Supporters of the competing parental
F. An imprinted gene has been discov1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
interest theory hypothesized that the
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
ered
in
humans
that
appears
to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
monogamous
species
was
unlikely
to
have
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
influence a childs social skills.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
active imprinted genes (since the fathers
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
In
the
imprinted
genes
that
have
been
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
would
have
the
same
genetic
stake
in
all
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
most
fully
studied,
the
female
turns
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the offspring born). Which of the follow1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the gene off, while the males gene
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
ing
experimental
results
would
they
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
remains
active.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
expect?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. Studies with a monogamous mouse
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F.
When
females
from
Species
A
were
species
indicate
that
imprinted
genes
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
bred
with
males
from
Species
B,
the
are
not
active.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
resulting offspring were extremely
J. One of the imprinted genes studied is
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
small.
known to control a growth-stimulat1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. When females from Species A were
ing hormone.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
bred with males from Species B, the
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
23.
In
a
rare
pregnancy
disorder
called
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
hydatidiform mole, an abnormal cluster of
large.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
cells
grows
in
place
of
the
placenta.
This
H. When females from Species B were
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
cluster
grows
so
large
that
there
is
no
bred
with
males
from
Species
A,
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
room for the development of the fetus.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
The
embryo
in
such
pregnancies
has
been
large.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
found to carry only the fathers genes.
J. The offspring of Species B mice were
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
This
fact
could
be
used
to
support:
consistently
smaller
than
the
off1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
spring
of
Species
A
mice.
I. The competing parental interest
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
theory
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
II.
The
anti-cancer
theory
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
III. The protein control theory
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A.
I
only
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. II only
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
II
and
III
only
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
I,
II,
and
III
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
52

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of the resulting waves was measured, and the
Passage V
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
frequency
response
curves
in
the
following
Electrical
circuits
that
allow
electrical
signals
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
figure were obtained.
with
some
frequencies
(number
of
waves
per
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Type 3
second) to pass while suppressing others are
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2.0V
called
filters.
They
are
used
in
nearly
every
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Type
1
Type
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
electronic device, from computers to VCRs.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1.5V
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
They
may
contain
resistors,
which
resist
the
1
Amplitude
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(Volts)
flow
of
current
through
a
wire,
inductors,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1.0V
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
which resist change in the current, and capaci1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
tors,
which
store
electric
charge.
The
following
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
0.5V
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
figure shows the design of three types of filters.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Filter
Type
1
Key:
0V
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Sine
Sine
1.0KHz
10KHz
100KHz
1.0MHz
10MHz
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
=
capacitor
wave
wave
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Frequency (Hertz)
out
in
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
= resistor
1
K=1000
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
=
inductor
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
M=1 Million
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
= ground
Filter Type 2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Sine
Sine
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Experiment 2
wave
wave
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
out
in
A sine wave with an amplitude fixed at 2.0
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
volts was fed into a circuit with a type 3 filter,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
but in this experiment the researchers used four 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
different values for the inductance (L). The
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Filter Type 3
Sine
Sine
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
resulting
frequency
response
curves
are
shown
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
wave
wave
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
out
in
in the following figure.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
L=10mH
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
L=1mH L=.1mH
L=.01mH
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2.0V
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
1.5V
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Amplitude
The effects of a filter can be demonstrated with
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(Volts)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
a
frequency
response
curve.
Such
a
curve
1.0V
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
depicts the amplitude (wave height) of the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
output (vertical axis) as one varies the input
0.5V
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
frequency (horizontal axis), while keeping the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
input amplitude constant. Several experiments
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
0V
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1.0KHz
10KHz
100KHz
1.0MHz
10MHz
were conducted to test the effects of some
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Frequency
(Hertz)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
filters.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Experiment
1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Researchers fed sine waves (oscillating voltage)
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
into
an
electrical
circuit
containing
the
three
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
filters
depicted
in
the
figure
above.
The
input
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
amplitude was fixed at 2.0 volts. The amplitude
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
53
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
27. Which of the following best explains why
Experiment 3
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
a type 3 filter was selected for experiments 7
1
Again, the researchers fed a sine wave with an
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2 and 3?
amplitude
fixed
at
2.0
volts
into
a
circuit
with
a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A. The frequency response varied more
type 3 filter. The inductance was held at
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
widely
when
filter
type
3
was
used
0.1mH,
while
four
different
values
of
capaci1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
than when either Filter type 1 or
tance C were used. The resulting frequency
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Filter
type
2
was
used.
response
curves
are
shown
in
the
following
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
Filter
type
3
contains
a
ground
and
figure.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
was therefore the safest of the three
C=1uF C=.1uF C=.01uF
1
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7
C=.001uF
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
types
of
filters
to
experiment
with.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2.0V
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. Filter type 3 is the only one among
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
three
that
contains
an
inductor.
1.5V
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Amplitude
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
Input
voltage
could
be
more
easily
1
(Volts)
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1.0V
regulated using a type 3 filter than
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
using either a type 1 or type 2 filter.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
0.5V
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
28. Increasing the inductance level for filter
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
0V
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
type
3
has
the
effect
of:
1.0KHz
10KHz
100KHz
1.0MHz
10MHz
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Frequency (Hertz)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F. increasing the output amplitude of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
electrical
circuit.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
25. Which of the following was a control in
G. decreasing the average frequency of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
all three experiments?
sine waves that pass through the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
circuit.
A.
Input
frequency
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. reducing the range of sine-wave
B. Input amplitude
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
frequencies that pass through the
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
Inductance
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
circuit.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D. Capacitance
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. increasing the output frequency of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
electrical
circuit.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
26.
Using
a
type
3
filter
and
an
inductance
of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1mH, what is the approximate output
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
amplitude at an input frequency of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
100KHz?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F. 1.9 volts
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G.
1.5
volts
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H. 1.0 volts
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
75
volts
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
54

Generation Generation Generation

3
2
1
Generation Generation Generation

3
2
1
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
two copies of the disease gene, one from each
29. Based on information given in the three
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
parent. An individual who is passed one copy
experiments, which of the following can
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of the disease gene is called a healthy carrier.
we assume to be true?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
He or she will not have the disease, but can still 7
A. The higher the capacitance, the wider
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
pass the gene on to an offspring. Figure 1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
peak
in
the
frequency
response
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
shows
a
family
with
this
type
of
genetic
disease.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
curve.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Figure
1
B.
The
lower
the
capacitance,
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Key:
D
=
disease
gene
narrower
the
peak
in
the
frequency
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
d = normal gene
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
response curve.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
= female
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C.
The
higher
the
inductance,
the
Recessive
=
male
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Inheritance
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
narrower the peak in the frequency
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
response
curve.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
D.
The
higher
the
capacitance,
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
narrower the peak in the frequency
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
response curve.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
30. In the design of a radio receiver containing
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
a
type
3
filter,
a
low
capacitance
level
and
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
a high inductance level would be most
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
useful
for
the
purpose
of:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
In
a
disease
with
a
dominant
inheritance
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F. enhancing radio reception across the
pattern, any individual with a copy of the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
frequency spectrum.
disease
gene
will
have
the
disease.
(Depending
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. tuning out signals at high and low
on
the
disease,
individuals
with
two
copies
may
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
frequencies.
have an accelerated or more severe disease
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
H. tuning in a radio station at a fixed
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
course,
or
may
be
unable
to
survive.)
There
is
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
frequency.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
no such thing as a healthy carrier with this type 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J. minimizing unwanted audio noise at
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of
disease.
Figure
2
shows
a
family
with
this
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
middle
frequencies.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
type
of
genetic
disease.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Figure 2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Passage
VI
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Key: D = disease gene
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
d = normal gene
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Individuals usually have two copies of each gene
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
= female
1
(the basic unit of genetic material, found on the
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Dominant
=
male
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Inheritance
chromosomes),
one
from
their
mother
and
one
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
from their father. Genetic or inherited diseases
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
are
those
that
can
be
passed
down
to
the
next
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
generation through the genes. These diseases
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
follow
a
number
of
patterns.
Two
of
the
basic
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
ones
are
dominant
and
recessive
inheritance.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
In a genetic disease with a recessive
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
inheritance
pattern,
an
individual
will
not
be
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
affected by the disease unless he or she is passed
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Dd
DD
Dd
dd
Dd
Dd
dd*
DD
Dd
Dd
dd
dd
dd
Dd
Dd
Dd
dd
Dd
dd
Dd
Dd
Dd
dd
Dd
dd
Dd
dd
dd
dd*
dd

dD*
dD
55
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
34. In Figure 2 on page 55, among all the
31. In Figure 1 on page 55, which shows a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
children and grandchildren of the male
recessive inheritance pattern, which of the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and female at generation 1, how many
following about the parents of generation
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
have the disease?
2 is true?
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
F.
Three
A.
Neither
parent
was
passed
a
copy
of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
G. Four
the disease gene.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
H.
Six
B.
Both
parents
were
passed
two
copies
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J.
It
cannot
be
determined
from
the
of
the
disease
gene.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
information given.
C. Both parents were passed one copy of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
disease
gene.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
35. Pamela is a young mother whose parents
D. Neither parent is capable of passing
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
are
both
deceased.
Assuming
that
disease
the
disease
gene
to
the
next
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
X is a genetic disorder with either a
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
generation.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
dominant or a recessive inheritance
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
pattern, which of the following statements 7
32. With respect only to the individuals
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
is accurate?
shown in Figure 1 on page 55, it CAN1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
NOT be true that a:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A.
If
neither
of
Pamelas
parents
ever
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
had
disease
X,
then
Pamela
does
not
F.
child
of
a
person
without
a
copy
of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and never will have disease X.
the disease gene has the disease.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B.
If
neither
Pamela
nor
the
father
of
G.
child
of
a
person
with
the
disease
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Pamelas child has disease X, then
gene will never contract the disease.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
that child will never have disease X.
H. child of two healthy carriers has
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. If both of Pamelas parents had at
the disease.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
least one copy of the disease X gene,
J. parent of a healthy carrier is also a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
then Pamela also has at least one
healthy carrier.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
copy of the disease X gene.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
33. In Figure 2 on page 55, what is the
D. If neither of Pamelas parents ever had 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
probability that the female marked with
disease X, but Pamela has disease X,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
an asterisk in generation 3 will pass the
then disease X is not a dominantly
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
disease
on
to
her
child?
inherited
genetic
disorder.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
A. 0%
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
B. 25%
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
C. 50%
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
D. It cannot be determined from the
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
information given.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
56

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Chemist:
Seawater
Salinity*/Temperature
(C)
(Seasonal
Average)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Surface
0/21
25/1
32/12
15/2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5 meters deep
0/21
29/5
32/7
26/7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
20
meters
deep
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(ocean floor)
39/4
32/5
32/6
34/5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Biologist:
Population
Counts
(Seasonal
Average)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Bay (free-swimming)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Fur seals
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
(number successfully hunted)
6.3
3.0
5.4
2.2 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Salmon
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(tonnage
caught)
0
122.5
1,152.6
4,259.5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Gray whales
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(number
observed)
0
29.8
32.4
1.4
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Bay (bottom-dwelling amphipods)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Gammarus duebeni
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(sample count in one gallon of seawater)
50
25
15
60
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Gammarus locusta
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(sample
count
in
one
gallon
of
seawater)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Land species
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Kodiak Bears
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
(number observed)
0
4
22
21
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Humans
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(number
counted)
63
66
85
117
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Doctor: Number of Medical Complaints (Seasonal Average)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
Dehydration-related illnesses
0.0
0.0
3.4
0.9 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Bear attacks
0.0
0.2
1.1
2.2 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
Protein deficiency-related illnesses
10.4
4.1
1.0
0.0 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
36.
Which
of
the
following
statement
about
Passage
VII
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the water in the bay does the chemists
1
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7
A chemist, a biologist, and a doctor spent
1
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salinity and temperature readings best
1
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7
several years studying and measuring their
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support?
1
respective populations in an Alaskan fishing
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7
1
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7
F. The deeper the water, the lower the
community. Some of their observations are
1
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7
1
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temperature.
recorded
above.
1
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7
1
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7
G. The greater the water temperature,
1
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7
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the
higher
the
salinity.
1
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7
1
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7
H. The shallower the water, the lower
1
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7
1
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the
salinity.
1
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7
1
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7
J.
The
lower
the
water
temperature,
the
1
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7
1
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lower the salinity.
1
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7
1
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7
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7
57
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1
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7
1
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39. Which of the following statements is best
37. An animal species is said to be thriving if
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supported by the evidence?
its population is increasing. Assuming that
1
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7
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free-swimming water animals are generA.
Gammarus
locusta
are
more
sensitive
1
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7
1
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7
ally found at the surface or within 5
to salinity changes than gammarus
1
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7
1
meters from the surface of the bays
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7
duebent.
1
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7
waters,
the
chemists
and
the
biologists
1
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7
B. Gammarus locusta and gammarus
1
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7
measurements provide some support for
1
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duebent
are
equally
sensitive
to
water
1
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7
all
of
the
following
hypotheses
EXCEPT:
1
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temperature
changes.
1
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7
1
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7
C. Gammarus duebent are more
A. fur seals thrive as water temperatures
1
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7
1
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sensitive
to
water
temperature
decrease.
1
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7
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changes than gammarus locusta.
B. gray whales thrive as salinity levels
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7
1
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7
D.
Gammarus
locusta
are
more
sensitive
increase.
1
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7
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to
salinity
changes
but
less
sensitive
C.
gray
whales
thrive
as
water
tempera1
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7
1
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to water temperature changes than
tures increase.
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7
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gammarus duebent.
D. salmon thrive as salinity levels
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increase.
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40. The doctor wants to reduce the number of 7
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7
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protein
deficiency-related
illnesses
among
38.
Among
the
following,
which
is
LEAST
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7
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the villages human population. Which of
likely to be a contributing cause of the
1
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7
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the
following
would
probably
be
the
protein
deficiency-related
diseases
1
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7
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doctors
best
course
of
action?
observed
by
the
doctor?
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7
1
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7
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7
F. Stock the bay with more salmon to
F. The local human population depends
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7
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7
compensate for the absence of gray
primarily on seal meat for their
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7
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whales during the winter.
protein consumption.
1
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1
G. Introduce methods of preserving
G. Virtually all of the bays salmon are
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7
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meat and fish for later consumption.
caught by commercial fishermen who
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7
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H. Remove the bears from the area to
transport the salmon elsewhere for
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7
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reduce
the
local
villagers
competition
sale.
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7
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for food.
H. It is difficult to catch a gray whale in
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7
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J.
Introduce
modern
fishing
methods
to
waters
hidden
beneath
ice.
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7
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the
local
fishermen.
J.
Local
religious
customs
prohibit
the
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7
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7
consumption of bear meat unless the
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7
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meat
is
fresh.
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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58

Answers
and Explanations
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English
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1.
A
The
original
phrasing
is
a
proper
way
to
express
the
idea
of
a
choir
consisting
of
girls
but
no
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7
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boys.
In
choice
B,
only
and
just
are
redundant.
Choice
C
is
confusing,
while
choice
D
uses
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7
1
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and where but would be appropriate.
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7
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2.
J
The
idiom
for
every
(one)
.
.
.
there
are
(ten)
is
perfectly
appropriate
here.
However,
the
word
1
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7
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boys sounds awkward without the word choirs after it. Choice J supplies this word and 7
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7
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7
adds
the
word
either,
which
makes
the
sentences
meaning
even
clearer.
1
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7
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7
3.
A
The
underlined
phrase
is
grammatically
correct
and
clearly
conveys
the
idea
that
the
Boys
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7
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Choir already existed in 1977, when the Girls Choir was founded.
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7
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7
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4. H The present-perfect tense should be used here, to match the clause following the comma and 7
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7
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because the time frame involves not just the past but also the present.
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7
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7
5.
D
The
phrase
since
1968
should
be
set
off
because
the
sentence
can
stand
alone
without
it.
One
1
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7
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way to set off the phrase is with parentheses.
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7
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6. G If you read the sentence as a whole, you see that it lists two distinct performances. Each one 7
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7
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should
receive
similar
grammatical
and
rhetorical
emphasis.
But,
the
underlined
portion
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7
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7
subordinates the first clause to what follows the comma. Choice G fixes the problem.
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7
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7
7. D In the original sentence, the phrase they sung awkwardly splits the description of the 7
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location. Also, the phrase in front is used twice in the description, which sounds repetitive. 7
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7
1
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7
Choice
D
solves
both
problems.
1
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7
1
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7
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8. F At the end of the preceding paragraph, the writer notes two of the grand venues where the 7
1
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7
Boys Choir has performed. The sentence in choice F alludes to that point while deftly 7
1
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7
transitioning to the discussion of the Girls Choir that follows.
1
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7
1
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7
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9. B A choir is said to perform either to, in front of, or before an audience, not toward or at an 7
1
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7
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7
audience. Choice B provides one of the idioms that works here.
1
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7
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10. G Without a comma between the two underlined words, the sentence suggests that the 7
1
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7
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7
thousands
of
music
lovers
were
also
dignitaries,
which
in
all
likelihood
is
not
what
the
writer
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7
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intended
to
suggest.
Choice
G
supplies
the
comma
that
sets
off
the
mayors
wife,
identifying
1
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7
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7
her (but not the music lovers) as one of the dignitaries.
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7
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7
11.
C
If
you
switch
the
sentences
two
clauses,
you
can
see
that
the
sentence
boils
down
to
this:
The
1
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7
1
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7
choirs act as havens by giving kids new confidence and hope.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
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7
59
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1
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7
1
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7
1
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12. F The preceding sentence indicates that the school strongly emphasizes singing, while the 7
1
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7
1
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following sentences suggest that the school sparks student interest in various non-music 7
1
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7
professional careers. Choice F provides a nice transition from one idea to the other.
1
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7
1
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7
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13. C As it stands, the sentence contradicts itself. The writer is trying to say that these jobs now 7
1
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7
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7
appear
in
reach,
whereas
earlier
they
seemed
out
of
reachas
choice
C
indicates.
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7
1
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14. J
The underlined portion refers to the Girls Choir, not to its performances. Its inappropriate 7
1
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7
1
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7
to
talk
about
a
choir
as
either
being
canceled,
choice
F,
or
closing
its
doors,
choice
G.
On
the
1
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7
1
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7
other
hand,
it
makes
perfect
sense
to
say
that
a
choir
might
go
silent
without
sufficient
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7
1
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funding. Although the phrase stop what they do also makes sense, go silent is a more artful, 7
1
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7
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graceful phrase.
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7
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15. C The writer has been asked to describe the choirs musical achievements. The essay explains 7
1
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7
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7
a
bit
about
the
choirs
history
and
its
importance
in
the
lives
of
its
members,
but
it
really
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7
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7
doesnt
describe
their
musical
achievements.
1
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7
1
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7
16. J
The correct idiomatic expression here is waiting to see.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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17. C The clause following the underlined portion elucidates, or explains, what is meant by the 7
1
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7
1
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trap described in the first part of the sentence. A dash, and not a colon, is the appropriate 7
1
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7
mark for this purpose. (A comma would also be appropriate.) The pronoun them is correct 7
1
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1
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7
here because it refers to the plural noun technologies.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
18.
F
The
phrase
he
or
she
is
singular,
matching
the
singular
subject
leader.
Choices
G
and
J
are
1
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7
1
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7
wrong because they use plural noun forms. Choice H is awkward and confusing.
1
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7
1
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19. B The purpose of the sentence in which the underlined portion appears is to underscore and 7
1
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7
1
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7
support
the
idea
in
the
previous
sentence.
The
connecting
phrase
that
choice
B
provides
(In
1
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7
1
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7
fact,) helps the reader understand the connection between the two sentences.
1
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7
1
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7
20.
J
In
this
sentence,
the
first
clause
and
the
second
clause
(following
the
comma)
both
employ
1
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7
1
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7
the
past-perfect
tense.
The
result
is
that
its
impossible
to
tell
which
event
came
firstthe
1
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7
1
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one described in the first clause or the one described in the second clause. Only choice J 7
1
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7
1
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7
clears
up
the
ambiguity.
1
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7
1
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21. B The adverb seemingly should not be separated from the adjective it modifies (unassailable). 7
1
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7
1
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7
One
way
to
fix
this
problem
is
to
simply
reverse
the
words
seemingly
and
was.
Another
way
1
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7
1
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7
is
to
replace
the
underlined
phrase
with
the
one
that
choice
B
provides.
1
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7
1
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7
22. G The underlined sentence would be the ideal topic sentence for Paragraph 3 and therefore 7
1
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1
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7
should begin that paragraph rather than end Paragraph 2.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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23. D The simple past tense (became) makes the most sense here in light of the next two sentences, 7
1
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7
1
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which provide detailsusing the simple past tenseabout the development described in the 7
1
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7
first sentence.
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7
1
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7
1
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7
24.
F
The
reflexive
verb
itself
is
appropriately
used
here
to
indicate
how
Wang
survived.
Choice
J
1
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7
1
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7
retains
the
reflexive
itself,
but
the
use
of
the
infinitive
to
transform
distorts
the
meaning
of
1
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7
1
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7
the sentence.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
60

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
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7
1
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25. A The underlined clause clearly and properly modifies computer company and is grammati- 7
1
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7
1
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cally correct. Choice B is an awkward juxtaposition of company and a company. Choice C 7
1
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7
contains a pronoun reference problem: To what does the noun their referWang or the 7
1
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1
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7
companies Wang served? Choice D is very awkward.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
26.
H
The
phrase
slip
up
is
slang
and
does
not
fit
the
overall
style
of
this
essay.
Of
the
three
1
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7
1
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7
alternatives, choice H makes the most sense in the context of the entire sentence.
1
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7
1
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7
27.
C
The
underlined
portion
is
unnecessarily
wordy;
choice
C
provides
the
same
idea,
but
1
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7
1
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7
more
concisely.
1
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7
1
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7
28. F The sentence in choice F explains why Wang had lost its chance to move forward, fleshing 7
1
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1
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7
out the point the writer makes in the previous sentence.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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29. B The underlined phrase is an awkward way of saying that well-managed companies 7
1
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7
1
sometimes fail for the reason cited in the sentence. Choice B provides a clearer way of 7
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1
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7
making the point.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
30.
J
Each
of
the
two
paragraphs1
and
5makes
either
a
suitable
introductory
or
concluding
1
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7
1
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paragraph for this essay. However, Paragraph 5 provides a far more effective transition to 7
1
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7
1
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Paragraph 2. Thus, the essay would be more effective if Paragraphs 1 and 5 were switched. 7
1
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7
1
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7
31.
C
The
word
like
is
improperly
used
here;
the
writer
is
not
seeking
to
compare
learning
the
1
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7
1
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oboe to the experience of expecting. Choice C provides the correct idiom. Choice B and D 7
1
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7
1
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7
are
correct
in
usage
and
grammar,
but
neither
is
so
effective
as
choice
C.
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7
1
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7
32.
F
The
colon
is
correctly
used
here
to
signal
that
whats
ahead
essentially
defines
what
was
1
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7
1
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7
just described.
1
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7
1
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7
33. B The underlined portion employs the passive voice, which is very awkward and confusing 7
1
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1
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7
here. Choice B recasts the clause in the active voice.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
34.
G
In
the
two
sentences,
theres
a
contrast
of
ideas
that
the
writer
seeks
but
fails
to
convey.
1
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7
1
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7
Choice G supplies a connecting word that points out that contrast effectively.
1
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7
1
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7
35.
D
What
follows
either
should
parallel
what
follows
or,
but
it
doesnt
(their
teachers
and
from
1
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7
1
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7
mail
order
companies
are
not
grammatically
parallel).
Choice
D
fixes
the
faulty
parallelism.
1
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7
1
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7
Choice B also fixes the problem, but it isnt as precise as choice D.
1
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7
1
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7
36.
G
The
word
that
is
needed
between
is
and
theres
to
transform
the
portion
of
the
sentence
1
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7
1
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beginning with theres no such thing into a dependent clause. (The problem is that theres. . . .) 7
1
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7
1
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7
1
37. A The point of the sentence that immediately precedes the proposed remark is that oboe reeds 7
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1
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7
are very expensive. Choice A provides objective, direct support for that point. It also relates 7
1
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1
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directly to the next sentence. (Both sentences involve a problem with purchasing reeds by 7
1
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7
1
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7
mail
order.)
1
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7
1
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7
1
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38. H The underlined phraseFor examplecontributes nothing to the sentence. However, simply 7
1
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7
omitting the phrase isnt so effective as replacing it with the phrase In fact, which connects 7
1
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1
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the ideas in the two sentences together by underscoring the point that reed makers take their 7
1
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7
1
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7
time sending reeds to their customers.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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39. B The plural pronoun them should be used instead of the singular form it because the writer is 7
1
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7
referring here to the plural noun reeds.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
61
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
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7
1
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40. J
The word progressively already conveys the idea that the quality of the reeds worsened in a 7
1
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7
1
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series of steps. Repeating the word lower is unnecessary. Choice G fails to eliminate the 7
1
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7
redundancy, while choice H supplies the adjective poor where the comparative form 7
1
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1
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7
(poorer) would be needed.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
41.
D
The
contraction
theyre
(they
are)
makes
no
sense
here,
and
should
be
replaced
with
its,
1
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7
1
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which matches the singular source used elsewhere in the sentence to refer to the company in 7
1
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7
1
California.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
1
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7
42.
G
The
juxtaposition
of
the
modifier
Desperate
and
the
sentences
subject
(the
next
person)
1
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7
1
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implies that it was the next person who was desperate, when in fact it was the writer who 7
1
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7
1
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was desperate. Choice G solves this misplaced-modifier problem by reconstructing the main 7
1
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7
1
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clause, positioning I (the writer) immediately after the modifier, as the sentences subject. 7
1
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7
The clause in choice J accomplishes the same thing, but the position of the word next creates 7
1
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1
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7
confusion. (To whom or what does next refer?)
1
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7
1
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7
1
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43. C The word however makes for an illogical and confusing connection between the last 7
1
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7
1
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sentence of Paragraph 5 and the first sentence of Paragraph 6. Without the word however, 7
1
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7
the transition is smooth and logical.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
44.
J
In
the
original
sentence,
the
pronoun
reference
is
ambiguous.
(Does
him
refer
to
the
friend
or
1
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7
1
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7
the
reed
maker?)
Choice
J
replaces
the
pronoun
with
the
noun
to
which
the
writer
probably
1
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7
1
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intends to refer (my friend). Although choice H also eliminates the ambiguity, it sounds 7
1
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7
1
awkward at this point in the sentence.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
1
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45. A The writers persistence in searching for good reeds, along with the enjoyment the writer 7
1
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7
1
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7
indicated
he
gets
out
of
playing
the
oboe,
strongly
supports
the
idea
that
the
writer
does
not
1
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7
1
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plan to give up. The sentence in choice A is consistent with this idea and nicely ties together 7
1
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7
1
all the information in the essay. Neither choice B nor choice C is so successful in embracing 7
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1
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7
the entire essay. Choice D does nothing more than essentially repeat one of the statements in 7
1
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1
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Paragraph 1 and thus is less effective than choice A, which provides an additional insight: 7
1
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7
1
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7
the writers evaluation of the whole experience.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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46. H The purpose of the underlined clause is to identify the specific time of autumn that the events 7
1
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7
described later in the sentence occur. Choice H makes it clear that the writer is concerned 7
1
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1
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7
only with Thanksgiving, and not with autumn generally.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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47. B The two phrases to host friends . . . and preparing one of the . . . are not grammatically parallel. 7
1
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7
1
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One solution is to replace the infinitive to host with the gerund hostingas choice B provides. 7
1
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7
1
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7
48.
J
A
comma
is
needed
here
to
separate
the
two
distinct
tasks
discussed
in
the
sentence.
The
1
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7
1
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7
word and following the comma is optional.
1
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7
1
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7
49.
C
The
underlined
portion
contains
the
awkward
and
vague
phrase
there
is.
Also,
the
article
a,
1
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7
1
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although acceptable here, is best omitted because the list that follows contains both plural 7
1
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7
1
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7
and
singular
nouns.
Choice
C
solves
both
problems
and
is
consistent
with
the
rest
of
the
1
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7
1
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7
paragraph,
in
which
the
writer
uses
the
second-person
you.
1
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7
1
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7
50. G The passive voice is used in the underlined portion, but the active voice is used throughout 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
the rest of the sentence. Choice G recasts the phrase in the active voice, thereby avoiding the 7
1
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7
1
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7
awkward shift from active to passive voice, then back to active voice.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
62

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
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7
1
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51. A The writer uses the idiom by comparison to appropriately and effectively here. Choice B is 7
1
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7
1
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7
acceptable, but it is not as concise as the original version.
1
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7
1
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7
52.
H
The
underlined
portion
is
grammatically
correct
but
leaves
it
a
bit
unclear
as
to
who
enjoyed
1
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7
1
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7
the meal. Choice H makes it clearer that it was the Pilgrims who enjoyed the meal.
1
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7
1
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7
53.
B
If
commas
were
used
in
the
place
of
semicolons,
it
would
be
difficult
to
distinguish
between
1
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7
1
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7
categories such as fowl and seafood.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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54. H With the past tense wasnt, either the underlined phrase or choices G or J would be correct. 7
1
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7
1
But, the verb form werent (were not) establishes the subjunctive mood, which calls for an 7
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1
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7
idiom such as As if.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
55.
A
The
writer
has
chosen
a
phrase
here
that
is
idiomatic
and,
by
way
of
its
style
and
structure,
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
very effective in making the point that the Pilgrims Thanksgiving meal carried on much, 7
1
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7
1
much longer than the typical modern-day Thanksgiving dinner.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
1
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56. J
At the end of the first paragraph, the essay indicates that there were significant differences 7
1
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7
1
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7
between
the
Pilgrims
Thanksgiving
and
todays
typical
Thanksgiving.
Then,
the
essays
1
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7
1
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second paragraph begins with the following sentence: First, consider the menu. This 7
1
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7
1
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sentence is a clue that another major difference will be discussed later in the essay. In the 7
1
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7
paragraph at hand, the essay finally turns from the menu to another aspect of Thanksgiving 7
1
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1
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7
dinner: the guest list. Choice J provides a sentence that signals the transition from one to the 7
1
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1
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7
other.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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57. D Adding a word such as total helps underscore the point that the guest list includes not just 7
1
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7
immediate family but extended family as well. However, the underlined portion is awkward 7
1
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1
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7
and should be replaced with either total guests or guests altogether, as choice D provides. 7
1
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1
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7
1
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58. G The first part of Paragraph 4 (preceding the underlined sentence) notes the many guests who 7
1
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7
1
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show up at todays typical Thanksgiving dinner, while the portion of the paragraph 7
1
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7
1
following the underlined sentence notes how many more guests there were at the first 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
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7
Thanksgiving. The sentence in choice G deftly links the two ideas.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
59.
C
The
indirect
object
of
invite
is
the
phrase
to
a
little
pot-luck
supper.
(Squanto
invited
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
Massasoit to a pot-luck supper.) For clarity, these two elements should be placed nearer to 7
1
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7
1
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7
each other. Choice C fixes the problem.
1
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7
1
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7
60.
F
The
concluding
remark
should
underscore
the
essays
main
ideathat
the
first
Thanksgiv1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
ing was a much greater feat than todays typical Thanksgivingas well as tying together 7
1
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7
1
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both main areas of discussion: the extensive menu and the number of guests. Only choice F 7
1
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7
1
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7
accomplishes all this.
1
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7
1
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7
61.
D
Although
replacing
movies
with
the
possessive
movies
(as
in
their
movies)
would
correct
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
underlined
portions
only
grammatical
error,
the
phrase
is
still
awkward.
Choice
D
provides
1
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7
1
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7
a clearer, more idiomatic alternative.
1
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7
1
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7
62.
H
Since
the
sentence
involves
past
events,
you
can
eliminate
choices
F
and
J,
each
of
which
uses
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
the present-tense verb form is. Choice H fixes the error by replacing is with the past-tense 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
form
of
the
verb
lies.
(It
is
idiomatic
to
say
that
the
greatness
of
something
lies
in
a
certain
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
characteristic
of
that
thing.)
1
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7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
63
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
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7
1
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63. B In the original sentence, emerged separates the sentences subject (a generation of 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
filmmakers) from its modifier who were not. . . . Choice B fixes the problem by 7
1
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7
reconstructing the underlined portion.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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64. J
In the original sentence, no other and with the exception of are redundant. Choices H and J 7
1
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7
1
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7
both
solve
the
problem,
but
choice
J
is
clearer
and
more
concise
than
choice
H.
1
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7
1
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65. C Paragraph 1 ends by indicating one reason for the vitality and excitement surrounding 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
early
days
of
moviemaking.
Paragraph
2
takes
up
a
second
reason.
The
word
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Furthermore
signals
that
another
reason
is
coming,
so
it
provides
a
good
link
between
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
two paragraphs.
1
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7
1
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7
66.
F
The
sentence
employs
the
idiomatic
correlative
pair
not
for
.
.
.
but
rather
for.
.
.
.
What
1
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7
1
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7
follows not only is grammatically parallel to what follows but rather for.
1
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7
1
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7
1
67. B The passive voice sounds awkward here. Choice B, which employs the active voice, sounds 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
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7
more graceful.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
68.
J
The
connecting
word
and
would
be
correct
here
only
if
what
followed
it
were
an
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
independent clause. But, its a dependent clause. (Notice the use of the gerund running 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
rather than are running or run.). The preposition with renders the sentence grammati- 7
1
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7
cally correct.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
1
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69. C The word more is already suppliedimmediately preceding the series of three adjectivesso, all 7
1
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7
1
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7
thats
needed
here
is
the
word
stale.
1
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7
1
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7
70.
J
Sentence
3
refers
to
the
phenomenon
described
in
sentence
1
and
thus
should
immediately
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
follow that sentence. Sentences 2 and 4 provide details that support the assertion in sentence 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3,
so
they
should
follow
sentence
3.
Sentences
2
and
4
might
work
in
either
order,
but
choice
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
J is the only one in which the sentences are otherwise arranged correctly.
1
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7
1
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7
71.
B
The
underlined
word
is
grammatically
correct
here.
The
problem
is
that
the
sentence
doesnt
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
make
its
point
effectively.
Adding
the
word
only
is
needed
to
make
the
point
that
the
artist
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
whose audience is limited to the elite need not be concerned with satisfying the tastes of a 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
wide
variety
of
people.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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72. G In the preceding sentence, the writer points out what strong painters can do. In the sentence 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
at
hand,
the
writer
seeks
to
compare
great
artists
of
the
cinema
to
these
painters.
Choice
G
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
provides
a
phrase
that
makes
it
clear
that
the
comparison
is
being
made.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
73. C From the paragraphs first two sentences, you can infer that artists such as the ones listed 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
were able to create films that were uncompromising in their artistry because they were not 7
1
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7
1
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pressured to appeal to the masses. To link this idea to the following sentence, this point 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
should
be
made
explicit,
which
is
precisely
what
the
sentence
in
choice
C
accomplishes.
1
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7
1
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7
74.
F
The
writer
uses
the
parallel
construction
The
larger
.
.
.
the
greater.
.
.
,
which
is
idiomatic
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and perfectly appropriate for conveying the idea here.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
75.
A
Since
Paragraph
3
offers
a
conclusion
based
on
the
existence
of
financial
pressures
in
todays
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
movie industry, its logical to put that paragraph after paragraph 4, in which those pressures 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
are described.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
64

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Math
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1.
B
To
find
the
solution,
divide
40.5
by
1,000
by
moving
the
decimal
point
3
places
to
the
left.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
2. J
You can solve the problem algebraically as follows:
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
23 2 x 5 2~15 2 x!
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
23
2
x
5
30
2
2x
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x57
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
An alternative method is to subtract the number given in each answer choice, in turn, from 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
both Lyles age and Melanies age.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3.
D
4
3
4
3
4
5
64,
and
5
3
5
3
5
5
125.
Thus,
x
must
lie
between
4
and
5.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
4. G The first coordinate in the (x,y) pair (4,25) is the points horizontal position (along the 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
x-axis), while the second coordinate in the pair is the points vertical position (along the 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
y-axis).
Point
Q
matches
both
coordinates.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
5. B The price of two childrens tickets together equals the price of one adult ticket. The total 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
admission price is therefore equivalent to the price of three adult tickets.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3a 5 $12.60
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
a 5 $4.20
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Childs ticket price 5 ~$4.20! 5 $2.10
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
6. J
Of six marbles altogether, two are blue. Hence, the chances of drawing a blue marble are 2 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
in 6, or 1 in 3, which can be expressed as the fraction .
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
3
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7. D Given that point D bisects BA, the length of AD must be equal to the length of DB, as shown 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
in this figure:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
8.
K
Cross-multiply
to
solve
for
y:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
9!~y 2 1! 5 ~2y!~3!
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
~
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
9y 2 9 5 6y
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3y
5
9
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
y
5
3
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
9. C Your first step is to rename mixed numbers as fractions:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
9 15 12
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
4
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
The
least
common
denominator
is
20.
You
can
eliminate
answer
choice
D.
Rename
each
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
fraction, then combine:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
15
12
90
1
75
2
48
117
9
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
1
2
5
5
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
2
4
5
20
20
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
65
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
27
1
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
10. J
59
ab c 5 ~3!~9!
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
3
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
11.
A
Rewrite
the
question
as
an
algebraic
equation,
and
solve
for
x:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
P
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x
M
5
~
!
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
100
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
100M 5 Px
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
100M
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
5x
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
P
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
12.
J
The
sum
of
the
measures
of
any
triangles
interior
angles
is
180.
Accordingly,
the
third
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
interior
angle
of
the
triangle
with
angles
measuring
30
and
75
measures
75.
Since
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
quadrilateral formed by the two pairs of parallel lines is a parallelogram, the vertex opposite 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
that 75 angle also measures 75. Since x is the supplement of that 75 angle, x measures 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
105.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
13.
C
You
can
express
the
amount
of
sugar
after
you
add
water
as
0.05(60
1
x),
where
0.05
5
5%
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and
(60
1
x)
represents
the
total
amount
of
solution
after
you
add
the
additional
water.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
14. J
Points (5, 22) and (23, 3) are two points on line b. The slope of b is the change in the 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
y-coordinates
divided
by
the
corresponding
change
in
the
x-coordinate:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
5
3 2 (22)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
,
or
2
5
m
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
b
2
3
2
5
28
8
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
15. A
412 412
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
,
Applying
the
midpoint
formula,
the
coordinates
of
M
are
,
or
(3,
3).
The
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
triangles height and base are both 3, and its area 5 bh 5 ~3!~3! 5 4.5.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
16. G Equate the proportions of the negative with those of the printed picture:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
8
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
4
x
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
15
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
8
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
4
x
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
15
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5x
5
15
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x53
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
SD
66

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
17. E Put the equation given in the question into the form y 5 mx 1 b:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
4x
2
2y
5
6
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2y 5 4x 2 6
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
y
5
2x
2
3
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
The lines slope (m) is 2. Accordingly, the slope of a line perpendicular to this line is 2 . 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
2 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
Given a y-intercept of 3, the equation of the perpendicular line is y 5 2 x 1 3. Reworking 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
this
equation
to
match
the
form
of
the
answer
choices
yields
2y
1
x
5
6.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
18. J
Before 4 socks were removed, the drawer contained 24 blue socks (60 3 40% 5 24) and 36 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
gray socks (24 1 36 5 60.) After removing 4 blue socks, the drawer contained 20 blue socks 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
and 36 gray socks. The ratio of gray to blue socks is 36:20, or 9:5.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
19. D To determine the distance between the two points, apply the distance formula:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x
2
x
1
y
2
y
d
5
=
~
!
~
!
1
2
1
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
5
2
1
1
4
2
22
=
~
!
~
!
@
#
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5 =42 1 62
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5 =52, or 2=13
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
20.
G
Set
each
of
the
four
expressions,
in
turn,
equal
to
0,
then
solve
for
x
in
each
equation.
Given
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
2x 5 0, x 5 0. Given 3x 2 1 5 0, x 5 . Given 2x 2 2 5 0, x 5 1. Given x 2 3 5 0, x 5 3. 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
The solution set, then, contains 0, , 1, and 3.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
21. A The graph shows all x-values less than 21.5 and all x-values greater than 1.5. Choice A 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
describes all x-values.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
22. H Combine the terms under the radical into one fraction:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
2
2
2
1
y
9y 2 y
y
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
18
18
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
8y
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
18
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
4y
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
9
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Then
factor
out
perfect
squares
from
both
numerator
and
denominator:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
4y
2y
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
5
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
9
3
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7

67
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
23. A Add the two equations:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x
1
y
5
a
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x2y5b
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2x 1 0 5 a 1 b
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x 5 ~a 1 b!
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
24.
K
Given
that
the
equation
has
only
one
solution,
the
two
binomial
factors
of
the
trinomial
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
x2 1 8x 1 s 5 0 must be the same: ~x 1 =s!. Rewrite in unfactored form:
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
~x 1 =s!~x 1 =s! 5 0
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
x 1 ~2=s!x 1 s 5 0
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2=s 5 8. Therefore, =s5 4, and s 5 16.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
2
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
25.
C
Apply
the
formula
for
the
equation
of
a
circle:
(x
2
h)
1
(y
2
k)
5
r
.
Given
that
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
circles center (h,k) is (3,21), its radius (r) is 5, and the y-coordinate of one point on the 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
circle
is
2,
you
can
solve
for
x
(m)
as
follows:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
2
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
~m 2 3! 1 ~2 2 @21#! 5 5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
m
2
3
1
9
5
25
~
!
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
m
2
3
5
16
~
!
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
m 2 3 5 64
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
m
5
7,
21
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
One of these two values, 21, appears among the answer choices.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
26.
K
The
triangles
three
sides
are
in
the
ratio
8:15:17,
which
is
one
of
the
Pythagorean
side
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
2
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
triplets (8 1 15 5 17 ). Thus, the triangle must be a right triangle in which the two 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
shortest sides form the right (90) angle.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
27. C To determine the answer quantity, work systematically, beginning with the greatest 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
possible
integer:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
7 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 10
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5 1 3 1 1 1 1 5 10
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
1
3
1
3
1
1
5
10
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
As you can see, there are three different ways.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
68

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
2
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
28. K Letting x 5 the unknown length, by the Pythagorean theorem: 13 1 x 5 39 . Solving 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
for x:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
2
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x 5 39 2 13
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x
5
39
2
13
=
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
2
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5 =~13! ~3! 2 13
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2 2
5
13
3
2
1
=
~
!
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5 13=8
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5 26=2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
29.
D
Given
that
the
average
of
the
first
five
numbers
is
A,
their
sum
must
be
5A.
Thus,
the
sum
of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
all six numbers is 5A 1 n. To find the average of all six numbers, divide their sum by the 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5A
1
n
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
.
number
of
terms
(6):
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
6
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
30. F The sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle must be greater than the length of the 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
third
side.
Thus,
in
the
triangle
at
hand,
the
length
of
the
third
side
must
be
less
than
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
15 inches.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
31. B Youre looking for the point at which the dotted line (ABCs stock price) is furthest above 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
the solid line (XYZs stock price). The dotted line lies above the solid line only during the 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
second half of the 2nd quarter and the first half of the 3rd quarter; the end of the 2nd quarter 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
marks
the
greatest
difference
between
prices
during
that
period.
At
that
time,
ABC
stock
was
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
priced at approximately $7.60, while XYZ stock was priced at approximately $5 per share. 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
The difference between those two prices is $2.60.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
32.
F
Solve
this
problem
using
the
rules
for
signs
and
with
a
bit
of
logical
reasoning.
Using
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
negative integers approaching zero (0) will yield the least product. Start with 21, then 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
decrease
the
values
of
x
and
y
if
necessary.
The
first
two
values
that
satisfy
the
equation
are:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
y 5 22, x 5 21 [21 2 (22) 5 1]. Accordingly, xy 5 2.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
33.
E
y
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Square
both
sides
of
the
equation,
then
solve
for
x:
4x
5
y;
x
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
4
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
34. G The question provides the formula: distance 5 rate 3 time. The boats total distance 5 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
m 1 20, while its total traveling time 5 t 1 4. Accordingly:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
m 1 20 5 ~r!~t 1 4!
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
m 1 20
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5r
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
t14
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
35.
B
Quadrilateral
ABCD
is
a
parallelogram.
In
any
parallelogram,
opposite
vertices
have
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
same angle measures. Thus, mDAB 5 60. The sum of the measures of the 3 interior 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
angles
of
DABD
5
180.
Thus,
mABD
5
45.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
69
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
36. K If you multiply the second equation by 4, and then isolate the m-term, this reveals that the 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
two equations are the same:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
4 n 5 4~3 2 m!
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
4
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3n
5
12
2
4m
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
4m
5
12
2
3n
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
Given one linear equation in two variables, there are an infinite number of possible values for 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
each variable.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
37.
C
First,
multiply
matrix
A
by
the
scalar
2.
To
do
so,
multiply
each
term
in
matrix
A
by
2:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
23
5
26
10
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
2A
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
3
7
6
14
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
Then, subtract matrix B from matrix 2A. To do so, subtract each term in matrix B by the 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
corresponding term in matrix 2A:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
26 10
32
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
2A 2 B 5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
6 14
21 1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
29
8
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
7
13
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
38.
G
Each
successive
term
is
3
less
than
the
preceding
term.
Heres
the
sequence
of
ten
terms:
{30,
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
27, 24, 21, 18, 15, 12, 9, 6, 3}. Including the first term (30), the tenth term in the sequence 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
is 3.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
M
5
log
M
.
Hence,
f
(2(g(M))
5
M
.
39.
C
2g(M)
5
2log
6
6
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
40. K DQRS is a right triangle in which the length of the sides are in the ratio 3:4:5. The length of 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
RS (the hypotenuse) is 5 units. Given that ST is also 5 units long, DRST is an isosceles right 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
triangle, in which the length of the sides are in the ratio 1:1:=2. The length of RT (the 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
units.
hypotenuse)
must
be
5
=
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
41. D Competitor 1 must engage in 5 matches. Competitor 2 must engage in 4 matches not already 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
accounted for. (The match between competitors 1 and 2 has already been tabulated.) 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Similarly, competitor 3 must engage in 3 matches other than those accounted for, and so on. 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
The minimum number of total matches 5 5 1 4 1 3 1 2 1 1 5 15.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
42. G The length of each side of the square is 12 feet. The length of the remaining two sides of the 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
triangle totals 16 feet. The perimeter of the semicircle 5 pd 5 p~12! 5 6p. The length of 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
two
sides
of
the
square
included
in
the
overall
perimeter
totals
24.
The
total
perimeter
of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the floor 5 16 1 6p 1 24 5 40 1 6p.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
43. D For any right triangle, by definition, the tangent of one acute angle is the reciprocal of the 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
tangent of the other acute angle. Thus, their product is 1.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
S D
F G F G
F G F G
F G
70

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
44. J
In 3 hours, one ship traveled 72 miles, while the other traveled 30 miles. The ratio of these 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
two distances is 30:72 or 5:12, suggesting a 5:12:13 triangle in which the hypotenuse is the 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
distance between the two ships at 2:30 p.m. That distance is 78 miles.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
45. C AC is a diagonal of the square ABCD. To find the length of any squares diagonal, multiply 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
the length of any side by =2. So first you need to find the length of a side here. Half the 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
length of a side equals the circles radius, and the perimeter of any circle equals 2pr, where 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
r is the radius. Thus, the radius here is 8, and the length of each of the squares sides is 16. 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Therefore, diagonal AC 5 16=2.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
46.
K
The square root of (3)(12), or 36, 5 6. However, since =3x 5 6i rather than 6, x 5 212. 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
47. C Factor the numerator and the denominator. (The numerator provides a difference of two 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
squares.)
Simplify,
then
distribute
the
resulting
denominator
to
both
terms
in
the
numerator:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x 1 2!~x 2 2!
x 24
~
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x2 2 2x
x~x 2 2!
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x
1
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
x
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5 1
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x x
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
511
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
48.
K
Your
task
is
to
determine
the
least
common
multiple
of
all
three
numbers.
The
least
number
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
of days until events A, B, and C all occur again on the same day is the product of the three 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
numbers (3, 5, and 8), which is 120.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
49. D The figure shows a hexagon. The sum of the measures of the six angles 5 720. Subtracting 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
three
known
angles
from
720
leaves
420,
which
is
the
sum
of
the
measures
of
the
three
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
unknown angles. Set up an equation, then solve for x:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
4
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
x 1 x 1 x 5 420
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
14
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x 5 420
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x 5 ~420! 5 ~30!~5! 5 150
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
14
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
71
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
50. G First, express the equation in the quadratic form: (x 1 4x 1 2 5 0) [a 5 1, b 5 4, c 5 2]. 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Then, apply the quadratic formula:
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
24 6 =4 2 4~1!~2!
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
~
!
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
24 6 =8
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
24 6 2=2
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
24 2=2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
6
5
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2
2
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
5 22 6 =2
1
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7
1
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7
3
1
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7
51.
E
1
First, determine the length of each edge of the cube: =125 5 5. The surface area of each 7
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1
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7
square face of the cube 5 5 3 5 5 25.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
52.
K
After
4
hours,
the
clock
will
run
behind
the
actual
time
by
16
minutes.
Accordingly,
at
4:00
1
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7
1
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the clock will show 3:44. It will take 16 minutes plus about one additional minute (because 7
1
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7
1
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7
the clock runs 1 minute slow every quarter-hour) for the clock to advance to 4:00.
1
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7
1
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53. D The graph shows a vertically oriented parabola. Thus, the general form for parabolas 7
1
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7
2
1
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7
.
Since
the
vertex
is
at
(3,0),
h
5
3
and
k
5
0,
and
the
equation
is
y
2
k
5
a(x
2
h)
1
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7
2
1
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7
parabolas
equation
is
y
5
a(x
2
3)
.
Each
answer
choice
expresses
an
equation
in
1
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7
2
1
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unfactored form. Accordingly, rewrite the equation y 5 a(x 2 3) in the same manner (to 7
1
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7
identify the best equation among the five choices, you dont need to know the value of a, 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
which defines the parabolas width):
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
y 5 ~x 2 3!~x 2 3!
1
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7
1
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7
2
1
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7
y 5 x 2 6x 1 9
1
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7
2
1
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7
,
and
the
entire
54.
J
Letting
x
5
the
length
of
one
side
of
the
painting,
the
paintings
area
5
x
1
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7
2
1
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7
.
The
difference
is
the
area
of
the
mat.
Thus:
area,
including
the
picture
and
mat,
is
(x
1
2)
1
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7
1
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7
2
2
1
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7
x
1
2
2
x
5
60
~
!
1
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7
1
2
2
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
4x
1
4
2
x
5
60
x
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
4x 5 56
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
x 5 14
1
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7
1
1
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55. A The area of any triangle 5 ba, where b is its base and a is its altitude. In the triangle in 7
1
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7
2
1
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7
1
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7
question, b 5 a. Substitute this value for b in the area formula:
1
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7
1
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7
2
1
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7
b
1
1
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7
b
b
5
A
5
~
!~
!
1
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7
2
2
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
SD
72

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
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7
1
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56. F The denominator |y 2 2|, and hence the value of x, is always positive, even for negative 7
1
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7
1
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y-values. The graph of the equation is asymptotic at y 5 2, just like the original equation. 7
1
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7
Choice A provides the appropriate graph.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
QR
1
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7
57.
B
.
Given
tanx
.
1,
PQ
,
QR
and,
accordingly,
y
,
x.
Since
the
sum
of
In
DPQR,
tanx
5
1
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7
1
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7
PQ
1
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x and y must be 90, x . 45 and y , 45which choice B contradicts. Each of the other four 7
1
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7
1
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7
choices
must
be
true.
1
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7
1
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7
58.
K
x
1
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7
1
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As you can see from the figure below, letting x 5 half the length of the base, sin16 5 ; 7
1
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3 7
1
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7
x 5 3sin16; and the length of the entire base 5 6sin16.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
16 16
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
3
3
1
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7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
x
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
59. C In choice C, unequal quantities are subtracted from equal quantities. The differences are 7
1
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7
1
unequal, but the inequality is reversed because unequal numbers are being subtracted from 7
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1
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7
rather than added to the equal numbers.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
60.
H
The
standard
form
for
the
equation
of
a
cosine
curve
is
y
5
Acoskx,
where
A
is
the
curves
1
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7
1
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7
amplitude. The value of A in the given equation is 2.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
Reading
1
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7
1
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7
1. D In lines 1217, Bertha describes her feeling of bliss as swallowing the afternoon sun and it 7
1
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1
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sending a shower of sparks through her whole bodya description that is clear evidence of 7
1
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7
1
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an imaginative mind. [Eliminate choice A.] Later in the passage, Bertha demonstrates 7
1
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7
1
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7
affection
toward
her
baby.
We
are
informed
in
line
55
that
Bertha
wanted
to
question
the
1
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7
1
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7
Nannys
judgment,
but
she
did
not
dare
to.
This
line
indicates
her
timid
nature.
1
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7
1
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However, nowhere in the passage does either the narrator or Bertha herself suggest that 7
1
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7
1
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7
Bertha is arrogant.
1
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7
1
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2. H Upon seeing Bertha arrive at the nursery, Nanny set her lips in a way that Bertha knew, and 7
1
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7
1
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7
that
meant
she
had
come
into
the
nursery
at
another
wrong
moment.
It
is
reasonable
to
1
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7
1
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7
infer
that
Nanny
dislikes
Berthas
visits
to
the
nursery
during
certain
times.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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3. C In the paragraph preceding the use of the metaphor, we are told that although Bertha 7
1
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7
1
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7
Young
was
thirty,
she
had
youthful
emotions
that
she
cannot
express
by
such
means
as
1
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7
1
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dancing steps on and off the pavement. From this, we can infer that people of a certain 7
1
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7
1
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7
age
are
expected
to
follow
a
certain
code
of
behavior
by
not
doing
what
they
feel
like
doing.
1
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7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
73
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
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7
1
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4. F Nanny tells Bertha (in lines 7678) that Bertha unthinkingly excites the baby, conveniently 7
1
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7
1
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leaving Nanny to deal with the consequences. From this statement, we can surmise 7
1
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7
that Nanny considers Bertha a thoughtless person. By Nannys repeated admonitions to 7
1
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1
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7
Bertha about the babys care, we can infer that she would agree that Bertha is inexperienced 7
1
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1
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7
as a mother.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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5. C We know from the details in the passage that Nanny feeds, bathes and grooms the baby, and 7
1
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7
1
also takes her out to the park. So, she no doubt considers herself the babys primary 7
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1
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7
caregiver. Even when Bertha occasionally visits with the baby, Nanny tries to treat Bertha as 7
1
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1
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7
merely a visitorby criticizing Berthas behavior vis-a-vis the baby.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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6. J
The use of the word absurd is explained in the sentence that follows, where Bertha 7
1
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7
1
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(through the narrator) questions the point of having a baby if it has to be kept . . . in 7
1
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7
another womans arms.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
7.
B
Bertha
stands
watching
Nanny
with
Berthas
baby.
Bertha
wishes
she
could
be
in
Nannys
1
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7
1
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place, taking care of her baby herself. In this way, Bertha is like a poor little girl who wishes 7
1
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7
1
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7
she had the doll that she sees the rich girl with, but she cannot afford it.
1
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7
1
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8. J
The passage provides ample evidence of Nannys possessive naturefor example, the use of 7
1
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7
1
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7
my
lovey
(line
40)
and
the
last
sentence
of
the
passage,
in
which
we
are
told
that
Nanny
1
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7
1
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7
came
back
into
the
nursery
and
seized
her
Little
B.
1
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7
1
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9. B In the second paragraph, we are informed that Berthas bliss is a feeling brought about 7
1
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7
1
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7
suddenly;
we
are
not
told
of
any
specific
event
as
the
cause
of
it.
1
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7
1
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7
10. F We can infer from details provided by much of the passage that Nanny and Bertha 7
1
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1
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7
continually compete for Little B and how her time is spent in the nursery. By the use of the 7
1
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1
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word triumph, we can infer that this round was in Nannys favorsince Bertha had to 7
1
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7
1
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7
not only relinquish the baby but leave the nursery as well.
1
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7
1
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7
1
11. B In the seventh paragraph, the passage states clearly that the company started its operations 7
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1
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7
with capital obligations of no less than $26 million.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
12.
H
The
word
subscriptions
is
used
in
the
context
of
raising
money
for
a
project
involving
the
1
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7
1
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7
completion of the railway line.
1
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7
1
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7
13.
D
The
author
presents
a
chronological
(time
sequential)
account
of
the
history
of
the
Erie
1
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7
1
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7
Railroadbeginning
with
the
first
survey
of
the
proposed
construction
line
and
ending
with
1
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7
1
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the final stage of construction. The author cites what appear to be carefully researched facts 7
1
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7
1
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regarding the projects financing, the condition of the completed railroad, and the expansion 7
1
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7
1
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7
of the railroad.
1
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7
1
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7
14.
F
In
the
last
paragraph,
the
author
suggests
that,
in
its
final
expansion,
the
companys
railroad
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
connected
Lake
Erie
with
New
York
City.
It
is
reasonably
inferable
that
this
final
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
expansion connects the two most remote points.
1
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7
1
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7
15.
D
From
the
second
paragraph,
we
know
that,
contrary
to
choice
D
it
was
the
desire
to
be
1
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7
1
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connected to Lake Erie by the southern counties that provided the initial impetus to the plan. 7
1
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7
1
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7
Hence,
it
would
make
no
sense
to
cite
insufficient
interest
in
this
connection
as
an
argument
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
against
the
proposed
Erie
Railroad
project.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
74

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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16. H As stated in the sixth paragraph, after eighteen years of effort, the line was opened to 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Lake Erie.
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
17.
B
The
word
insolvent
refers
to
the
companys
monetary
(money)
problems
as
explained
in
the
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
following sentence, which mentions the delay in further progress until sufficient new capital 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
was
raised.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
18. G In the fourth paragraph, the passage informs us that the Panic of 1837 and the depression 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
that
followed
did
interfere
with
the
construction,
but
that
a
year
later
the
state
legislature
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
provided
a
construction
loan.
We
can
surmise
that
the
money
loaned
was
used
to
continue
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the construction of the railroad.
1
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7
1
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7
19.
A
In
lines
104105,
the
author
states
that
the
railroad
soon
became
notorious
for
its
many
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
accidents. . . . The word notorious means having an unfavorable reputation. Thus, we can 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
infer
that
the
companys
ill
repute
was
due
to
the
frequent
accidents
involving
its
railroad.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
20.
J
The
first
sentence
of
the
passage
tells
us
that
the
original
plan
was
for
the
railroad
to
connect
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
the Hudson River to Lake Erie. In the sixth paragraph, the passage indicates that the west 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
terminus
of
the
constructed
railroad
was
on
Lake
Erie
while
the
east
terminus
was
on
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
Hudson. It is reasonable to infer, then, that the railroad was indeed completed according to 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
original
plan.
In
the
sixth
paragraph,
the
passage
indicates
that
various
feeders
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
(branches)
were
added
to
the
railroad.
Then,
in
the
final
paragraph,
the
author
tells
us
of
1
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7
1
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7
further expansion, via acquisition of other railroads.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
21.
C
The
sentence
in
which
the
word
munificent
appears
tells
us
that
Dr.
Doyles
income
was
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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quite respectable if not munificent. The strong implication here is that Doyles income 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
was
ample
to
lead
a
comfortable
life.
The
word
bountiful
is
consistent
with
this
idea.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
22.
H
The
final
paragraph
tells
us
that
it
was
only
after
the
publication
of
a
series
of
Holmes
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
tales in a new magazine called The Strand that the public finally took an interest in 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Dr.
Doyles
detective.
1
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7
1
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7
23. B The passage provides ample information that runs contrary to the description in choice 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
Bespecially lines 8891 in which Doyle comes across as a reluctant chronicler of 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Sherlocks
fictional
adventures.
Also
of
special
note
are
lines
117118,
in
which
we
are
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
informed of Doyles lack of enthusiasm for his protagonist and how Doyle considered the 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Holmes
stories
insignificant
compared
to
Doyles
other
novels.
It
was
the
publics
passion
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
for Holmes stories, not Doyles, that was the main reason Doyle wrote more Sherlock 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Holmes adventures.
1
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7
1
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7
24.
F
The
third
paragraph
clearly
states
that
Dr.
Doyle
believed
he
could
create
a
different
kind
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
of detective, one for whom detection was a science rather than art. And, nowhere in the 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
passage
does
the
author
state
or
imply
that
Doyle
was
unsuccessful
in
doing
so.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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25. C The third paragraph tells us that the creator of Sherlock Holmes (Doyle) used one of his 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
medical
school
professors,
Dr.
Joseph
Bell,
as
a
model
for
creating
a
detective
who
applied
1
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7
1
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7
similar
intellectual
powers
to
the
solving
of
criminal
mysteries.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
26. G In lines 1820 we learn that Doyle started writing because he felt that it would keep him 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
busy and hopefully bring additional funds.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
75
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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27. D The author considers it fortunate that Doyle had time to concentrate on his writing. The 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
implication here is that, in the authors view, Doyles literary career was of more significance 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
than his medical one.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
1
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28. F In the sixth paragraph, were told that Doyles move to London was enabled by other small 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
literary
successes.
One
reasonable
inference
is
that
his
successes
allowed
him
to
finally
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
afford to live in London.
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
29.
B
In
the
final
paragraph,
were
told
that
Doyle
was
able
to
give
up
his
practice
and
turn
to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
writing
full
time
mainly
because
of
the
public
clamor
for
more
Sherlock
Holmes
stories.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
30. J
The first paragraph tells us that Doyle moved to Portsmouth to begin a medical practice in 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1882, and that since there were several well established physicians there, Doyle found 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
himself with a great deal of spare time. Then, in the first sentence of the next paragraph, we 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
learn
that,
to
fill
this
time,
he
began
writing
storiespresumably,
shortly
after
his
arrival
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
in
Portsmouth
in
1882.
The
final
paragraph
tells
us
that
it
wasnt
until
1891,
when
The
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
Strand begin publishing his Sherlock Holmes tales, that the public finally took interest in 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Doyles detective.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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31. C The passage cites instances involving local residents and activists in particular geographic 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
locations.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
32.
G
The
first
paragraph
informs
us
that
Paces
rudimentary
research
efforts
were
guided
by
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
hope rather than by scientific method. A research effort guided more by hope than by 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
scientific
method
would
be
more
basic
than
the
other
one.
In
this
context,
it
makes
sense
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
that rudimentary might mean basic. Besides, none of the other answer choices make sense 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
in
this
context.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
33.
C
The
passage
makes
no
mention
of
the
spouses
of
abestos
workers.
All
other
choices
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
indicated factors explicitly mentioned in the passage (lines 3642) as factors leading to the 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
conclusion
that
asbestos
exposure
causes
cancer.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
34. J
The second paragraph defines background rate as the number of people affected in the 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
general population. The fourth paragraph indicates that the type of cancer afflicting the six 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
young
women
had
been
reported
only
once
or
twice
before.
This
low
incidence
meets
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
definition of a low background rate. The second paragraph defines specificity as any 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
notable
characteristics
of
the
individual
affected
in
each
case.
The
fact
that
the
six
young
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
women suffered from a certain vaginal cancer suggests that what these women shared was 7
1
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7
1
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7
a very specific, and unusual, symptom.
1
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7
1
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7
35.
D
The
first
sentence
of
the
second
paragraph
refers
to
cancer
cases
and
other
non-contagious
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
conditions such as birth defects . . . . This statement infers that cancer and birth defects fall 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
into
the
same
categorynoncontagious
conditionsmeaning
that
neither
type
of
condition
1
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7
1
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7
can be transmitted by contact.
1
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7
1
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7
36.
F
To
convey
the
meaning
of
the
phrase
epidemiological
gerrymandering,
the
author
cites
1
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7
1
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7
the
case
of
citizens
drawing
boundaries
around
certain
cancer
cases
and
labeling
it
a
cluster,
1
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7
1
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thereby giving undue advantage to their cause. The activity that choice F describes is most 7
1
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7
1
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7
analogous to this activity.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
76

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
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7
1
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37. A According to the information in the fourth paragraph, the citizens might include cases of 7
1
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7
1
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cancer that were either diagnosed before they moved into the locality in consideration or 7
1
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7
might have been exposed to a carcinogen in their previous domicile.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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38. G The passage informs us, in lines 3435, that lung cancer is very common in the general 7
1
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7
1
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7
populationfrom
which
we
can
reasonably
infer
that
the
background
rate
for
lung
cancer
1
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7
1
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7
is very high.
1
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7
1
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7
39.
C
The
first
paragraph
of
the
passage,
along
with
the
passages
final
sentence,
conveys
this
1
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7
1
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7
objective.
1
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7
1
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7
40. G In the last paragraph, the author cites the example of the Long Island cancer cluster, brought 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
to light by a basic study conducted by a citizen. This study, combined with reports of other 7
1
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7
1
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clusters in the community, helped lay the groundwork for the scientists to set up a 7
1
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7
1
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7
well-designed
study
to
determine
the
reason
for
the
cancer
cluster.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
Science
Reasoning
1
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7
1
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1. D In the station adjacent to lake 5, the sulfate-concentration levels varied only from 0.65 to 7
1
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7
1
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7
0.68 Mg/La variation of 0.03 Mg/L, the smallest among the five stations.
1
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7
1
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7
2.
J
The
top
cluster
chart
in
Figure
2
shows
pH
levels
in
one
of
the
two
non-glacial
lakes
1
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7
1
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(denoted by hollow circles) slightly higher in 2000 than in 1993 (the x-value is slightly 7
1
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7
1
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7
greater
than
the
y-value),
while
for
the
other
non-glacial
lake
there
appears
to
have
been
1
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7
1
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little or no change (the level is just over 7 in both years). In contrast, the chart shows pH 7
1
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7
levels in all three glacial lakes (denoted by solid circles) to be significantly higher in 2000 7
1
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1
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7
than in 1993. (For each one, the x-value is significantly greater than the y-value.)
1
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7
1
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7
1
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3. A Table 1 shows that, over the study period (19932000), sulfate-concentration levels 7
1
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7
1
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increased slightly in lake 5 and decreased slightly in lakes 14; also, over the time period, 7
1
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7
1
decreases as well as increases were seen in all lakes. Hence, the data shows no clear trend in 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
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7
either direction. However, sulfate concentration in all lakes but one of the non-glacial lakes 7
1
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1
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(in which the level was the same, about 300, in 1993 as well as in 2000) increased 7
1
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7
1
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7
significantly
over
the
study
period.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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4. H The rainfall-temperature chart (Figure 1) shows that, over the most recent century, air 7
1
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7
temperature has been rising steadilyperhaps to a critical point, around 1993, when the 7
1
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1
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glaciers at the two glacial lakes began melting into the lakes, which are frozen over during 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
fewer
and
fewer
days
each
year.
One
possible
consequence
is
that
more
industrial
sulfate
1
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7
1
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7
emissions
are
finding
their
way
into
lake
waterby
means
of
precipitation
or
glacial
1
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7
1
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runoff, or both. The results of Experiment 2, which show the that the most dramatic 7
1
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7
1
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7
increase
in
levels
have
occurred
in
the
two
glacial
lakes,
further
1
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7
1
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7
support this hypothesis.
1
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7
1
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7
5.
B
Experiment
2
showed
that,
while
levels
in
the
two
glacial
lakes
1
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7
1
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7
increased
from
1993
to
2000,
pH
levels
did
not.
On
the
other
hand,
in
the
non-glacial
lakes,
1
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7
1
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where the water is presumably warmer, levels of both sulfate-concentration and pH 7
1
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7
1
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increased over the same time period. Choice B provides a possible explanation for this 7
1
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7
1
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7
distinction between glacial and non-glacial lakes.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
77
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
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7
1
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6. B The higher the rotational period, the more slowly a planet rotates. Table 1 shows that, in 7
1
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7
1
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general, there is a direct relationship between surface temperature and rotational period. 7
1
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7
Mercury and Venus have by far the greatest surface temperatures and rotational 7
1
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1
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7
periods. Surface temperatures and rotational periods for Earth and Mars are similar to each 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
other but significantly less than the ones for Mercury and Venus. The next four planets 7
1
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7
1
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7
show
similar
levels
for
each,
but
less
than
the
levels
for
Earth
and
Mars.
(Pluto
presents
the
1
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7
1
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only significant exception to the general relationship between surface temperature and 7
1
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7
1
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7
rotational
period.)
1
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7
1
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7. C Earths average density is 5.5 times that of water, the highest among the nine planets shown. 7
1
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7
1
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7
Earths
rotational
period,
24
hours,
is
fifth
longest.
(Mercury,
Venus,
Mars,
and
Pluto
all
1
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7
1
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7
have
longer
rotational
periods,
while
the
remaining
four
planets
all
have
shorter
periods.)
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
8. H In Table 1, average densities are relative to the density of water. Plutos average density is 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
given as 1.0which by definition is the density of water.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
1
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9. A Mercurys rotational period is 59 Earth days. Thus, in 88 Earth days, Mercury rotates about 7
1
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7
1
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7
1.3 times.
1
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7
1
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10. F The figure showing density and diameter of the four terrestrial planets reveals a direct linear 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
relationship
between
density
and
diameter
for
Mars,
Earth,
and
Venus
(for
each
planet,
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
density-diameter
ratio
is
about
the
same),
but
not
for
Mercury
(for
which
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
density-diameter ratio is much higher).
1
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7
1
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7
11.
D
Notice
that
Mercurys
orbital
eccentricity
is
far
greater
than
that
of
Venus
(whose
orbit
is
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
nearly circular). Accordingly, Mercurys surface temperatures will vary greatly as it orbits 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
Sun
increasing
when
its
distance
from
the
Sun
grows
smaller,
then
decreasing
as
its
1
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7
1
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7
distance increases.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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12. G In Table 1, a positive percent change indicates a net gain, while a negative percent change 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
indicates
a
net
loss.
For
all
but
two
nutrientsammonium
and
nitratethe
percent
change
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
is negative.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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13. D Table 2 shows that, in each year (13) losses of both organic and inorganic matter were 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
generally
higher
in
deforested
areas
than
in
undisturbed
areas.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
1
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14. F Table 2 shows that for two of the three sources of output (basin and filter), the loss of 7
1
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7
particulate matter in the undisturbed area increased significantly from Year 1 to Year 2, then 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
decreased significantly from Year 2 to Year 3. In an undisturbed area, the most plausible 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
reason
for
a
substantial
increase
in
runoff
is
an
increase
in
precipitation.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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15. C In both experiments, fine material was caught by using a net. Hence, from the information 7
1
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7
given in the question we can conclude that sodium is primarily a net-caught material. Table 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
2 shows that losses of net-caught materials changed very little during the three-year period. 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
Nothing in the passage or in the tables suggests that changes in sodium losses were any 7
1
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7
1
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7
greater
or
less
than
the
overall
changes
shown
in
the
table.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
1
16. J
Table 2 shows no clear trend in the undisturbed area; thus it is reasonable to forecast no 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
marked change over the longer term. Although the table shows increasing losses in nutrient 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
matter in the deforested area over the three-year period of the study, no evidence is given 7
1
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7
1
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suggesting that this trend will continue indefinitely. To the contrary, the fact that the 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
78

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
ecologists applied herbicide to the deforested area to prevent organic matter from growing 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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there strongly suggests that, over time, organic matter will reappear in the area, thereby 7
1
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7
slowly reducing the net losses of nutrients in that area.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
1
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17. B If the six experimental areas receive less rainfall per hectare than the forest as a whole, then 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
amount
of
nutrients
entering
each
hectare
would,
on
average,
be
greater
than
the
table
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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suggests. If this is the case, then unless the average runoff from other areas of the forest is 7
1
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7
1
also greater, net losses of nutrients would be less (and net gains would be greater) than the 7
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1
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7
table suggests.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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18. H Since the anti-cancer theory is based on the idea that gene imprinting evolved as a reaction to 7
1
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7
1
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the possibility that the placenta might develop in a cancerous fashion, the theory would be 7
1
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7
1
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severely undermined if it were true that plants, which have no placentas, had also developed 7
1
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7
the imprinting mechanism.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
19.
A
The
first
sentence
of
the
paragraph
defining
the
protein
control
theory
states
this
point
1
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7
1
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7
succinctly.
1
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7
1
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7
20.
J
The
competing
parental
interest
theory
assumes
that
both
males
and
females
seek
to
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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maximize the chances that their genes will be passed along to the next generation through a 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
large
number
of
healthy
offspring.
(It
then
postulates
that,
because
males
and
females
have
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
different
reproductive
patterns,
they
have
evolved
different
strategies
for
pursuing
this
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
result.) This assumption is stated in choice J.
1
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7
1
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7
21.
A
All
three
theories
relate
to
reproduction
in
one
way
or
another:
the
parental
interest
theory
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
in regard to the transmission of genetic material through reproduction; the anti-cancer 7
1
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7
1
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7
theory
in
relation
to
the
development
of
the
placenta,
in
which
the
fetus
grows;
and
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
protein control theory in relation to the healthy development of the embryo.
1
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7
1
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22. H Notice that the competing parental interest theory makes sense only if non-monogamous 7
1
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7
1
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7
species
are
involved
(since
it
is
the
differing
reproductive
habits
of
males
and
females
that
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
drives them to handle their genetic material differently). The finding described in choice H 7
1
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7
1
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fits that theory because it suggests that imprinting is an unnecessary strategy in a 7
1
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7
1
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7
monogamous species.
1
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7
1
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23. D This disorder supports the competing parental interest theory because the fathers genetic 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
material
in
that
theory
is
associated
with
excessive
growth,
as
here;
it
supports
the
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
anti-cancer theory because that theory associates imprinting with the need to control 7
1
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7
1
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excessive growth of the placenta, as here; and it supports the protein control theory because, 7
1
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7
if the mothers genes are absent when the disorder occurs, this could explain the abnormal 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
development found.
1
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7
1
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7
1
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7
24.
G
This
result
would
be
consistent
with
the
theory,
since
the
female
genes
from
Species
A
would
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
not be imprinted for small size, while the male genes from Species B would be imprinted for 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
large size. The combination would produce very large offspring.
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
1
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7
25.
B
In
all
three
experiments,
the
input
amplitude
was
fixed
at
2.0
volts.
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
26. F Only Experiment 2 shows the effect of a 1mH inductance using filter type 3. In the graph of 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
Experiment 2, an input frequency of 100KHz (measured by the horizontal axis) corresponds 7
1
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7
1
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7
roughly to a 1.9 volt output amplitude (measured by the vertical axis).
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
79
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
27. C The graphical representations of the three filters show that filter type 3 is the only one that 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
contains an inductor. Experiment 2 was designed with inductance as the variable. It would 7
1
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7
make sense to conduct such as experiment only with a filter containing an inductor. Also, 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Experiment 3 was designed explicitly with inductance as a control; again, the description 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
and methodology of the experiment makes sense only when a filter that contains an inductor 7
1
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7
1
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7
is
used.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
28. G Based on the graph of Experiment 2, the higher the inductance level, the earlier a frequency 7
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
response curve peaks. This means that at lower frequencies, sine waves are more likely to 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
pass through the filter, contributing to a higher output amplitude.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
29. D Only in Experiment 3 is capacitance a variable. The graphical results of that experiment 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
show that, as the value of the capacitance increases, the frequency response curve narrows. 7
1
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7
1
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7
30.
F
Experiment
2
shows
that
a
high
inductance
level
results
in
the
broadest
peak,
which
is
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
through
the
lower
portion
of
the
frequency
spectrum.
Conversely,
Experiment
3
shows
that
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
a low capacitance level results in the broadest peak, which is through the higher portion of 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
the frequency spectrum. Thus, it makes sense to combine both features in order to attain a 7
1
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7
high level of reception throughout the entire frequency spectrum.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
1
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7
31.
C
The
question
refers
to
generation
1
in
Figure
1.
The
male
and
the
female
(the
parents
of
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
generation
2)
each
have
one
copy
of
the
disease
gene
(denoted
by
an
uppercase
D).
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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32. F The only person in the figure who might contract the disease is the female in generation 3 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
identified
as
DD.
Both
of
her
parents
were
healthy
carriersthat
is,
they
both
had
one
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
copy of the disease gene. Thus, choice F cannot be true.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
33. D Figure 2 does not provide any information about the father of her child. If the father has no 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
copy of the disease gene, then the probability of their passing the disease onto their child 7
1
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7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
would be zero (0%). Otherwise (if he has either one or two copies of the disease gene), that 7
1
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7
1
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7
probability
would
be
greater
than
zero.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
34. G Figure 2 shows a total of nine children and grandchildren of the two individuals in 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
generation 1. (Do not count the individuals in generation 2 who are parents but are not 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
descended
from
generation
1.)
Of
these
nine
descendants,
a
total
of
four
(one
child
and
three
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
grandchildren) have a copy of the disease gene (marked by an uppercase D).
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
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7
35. D In the case of a disease with a dominant inheritance pattern, if a person has at least one 7
1
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1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
disease gene, that person will definitely have the disease. Since neither of Pamelas parents 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
had
disease
X,
the
disease
must
have
a
recessive
(and
not
a
dominant)
inheritance
pattern.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
36. H In every season except summer, salinity is lower at 5 meters than at 20 meters, and even 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
lower at the surface. In summer, salinity is the same at all levels, which at least does not run 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
contrary to the pattern in all other seasons.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
37. D Seasonal increases and decreases in the number of salmon caught do not correspond to 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
seasonal increases and decreases in water temperature at the surface and at 5 meters below 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
the surface. As summer turns to fall, salinity levels decrease dramatically while the number 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
of salmon caught, which is one indication of the level of the salmon population in the bay, 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
increases dramatically.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
80

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
38. G Choice G tells us that the local human population does not depend at all on salmon as a 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
source of protein. But, complaints of protein deficiency-related diseases vary dramatically 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
from season to season. Thus, it makes no sense that salmon availability has anything to do 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
with protein deficiency-related illnesses.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
39.
A
Seasonal
changes
in
salinity
at
the
ocean
floor
vary
directly
with
the
sample
count
of
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
gammarus locusta. Whats more, percent changes in the sample count of gammarus locusta 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
in response to salinity changes are far greater than percent changes in the sample count 7
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
Gammarus duebent in response to salinity changes. From winter to spring, for example, 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
compare the 98% decrease in the locusta count (from 340 to 5) to the mere 50% decrease in 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
the
duebent
count
(from
50
to
25).
Thus,
it
appears
that
locusta
are
more
sensitive
to
salinity
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
changes
than
duebent.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
40. G The fact that these illnesses occur mainly in the winter and spring, considered together with 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
the comparatively high number of salmon caught and bears observed during the fall, suggest 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
that the local villagers consume salmon and bear meat (if they hunt bears for food) shortly 7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
after
killing
it.
By
preserving
the
fish
and
meat
for
consumption
during
the
winter
and
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
spring,
the
villagers
might
very
well
avoid
these
types
of
illnesses.
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1
234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
7
81
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
The results from your practice tests will give you a general idea of what you might score if you had to 6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
take the ACT today. To convert the number of right answers on your self-evaluation test into an ACT 6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
scaled score, do the following:
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
Refer
to
the
table
below.
For
each
subject
area,
count
the
number
of
right
answers
and
find
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
that
number
in
the
left-hand
column
marked
Raw
Score.
Move
to
the
right
until
you
have
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
the column for the appropriate subject. That is your ACT scaled score for the subject area. For
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
example,
if
you
had
39
right
answers
on
your
Math
test,
you
would
find
the
number
39
in
the
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
left-hand column, then move right to the Math column and see that you have an ACT scaled
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
score of 23.
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
After
you
have
found
your
scaled
score
for
each
subject,
add
all
four
scaled
numbers
together
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
and divide by four. Round fractions to the nearest whole number; round upward. This number
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
is
your
ACT
composite
score.
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
Score Conversion Table
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
Raw
English
Math
Reading
Science
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
Score
Scaled Score
Scaled Score
Scaled Score
Scaled Score
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
75
36
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
74
35
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
73
34
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
72
33
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
71
32
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
70
31
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
69
30
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
68
30
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
67
29
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
66
29
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
65
28
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
64
28
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
63
27
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
62
27
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
61
26
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
60
26
36
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
59
25
35
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
Your Practice Test Scores

83
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
Raw
English
Math
Reading
Science
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
Score
Scaled Score
Scaled Score
Scaled Score
Scaled Score
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
58
25
34
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
57
24
34
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
56
24
33
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
55
23
32
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
54
23
31
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
53
23
30
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
52
22
30
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
51
22
29
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
50
22
29
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
49
21
28
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
48
21
28
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
47
21
27
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
46
20
27
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
45
20
26
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
44
20
26
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
43
19
25
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
42
19
25
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
41
19
24
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
40
18
24
36
36
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
39
18
23
35
34
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
38
18
23
33
32
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
37
17
23
32
30
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
36
17
22
31
29
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
35
17
22
30
28
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
34
16
21
29
27
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
33
16
21
28
27
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
32
15
20
27
26
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
31
15
20
27
25
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
30
14
19
26
24
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
29
14
19
25
24
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
84

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
Raw
English
Math
Reading
Science
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
Score
Scaled Score
Scaled Score
Scaled Score
Scaled Score
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
28
14
19
25
23
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
27
13
18
24
23
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
26
13
18
23
22
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
25
13
18
23
22
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
24
12
17
22
21
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
23
12
17
21
21
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
22
12
17
20
20
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
1
23456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
6
21
11
16
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85

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ANSWER SHEET FOR PRACTICE TEST 1

BE SURE TO ERASE ANY ERRORS OR STRAY MARKS COMPLETELY.

DO NOT MARK IN THIS AREA

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

BE SURE TO ERASE ANY ERRORS OR STRAY MARKS COMPLETELY.

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

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Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

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Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Generation Generation Generation

Generation Generation Generation

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Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

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Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

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Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

Your Practice Test Scores

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Copyright 2007 Petersons, a Nelnet company

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