I. Cc bc trong thit k 1. La chn mt m hnh h thng: phn cng v cc tin trnh s c phn tn nh th no. 2.

La chn cng ngh: chn ngn ng lp trnh, c s d liu, giao thc , mt vi quyt nh c th c tr hon n tn cui ca pha thit k. 3. Thit k mt chnh sch tng tranh: tng tranh c ngha l nhiu th xy ra cng lc a tin trnh , ngi dng, my mc ; nhng th ny c th c phi hp bi phn mm ca chng ta trnh xung t 4. Thit k mt chnh sch bo mt: bo mt c mt s kha cnh, mi mt kha cnh phi c lu tr v kim sat hp l; v d,khi xem xt d liu c nhn ca khch hng- chng ta phi m bo rng d liu khng b nh cp v n khng th tnh c hin th ti khch hng khc. 5. Chn cch phn chia h thng con: thng th l khng thc t sn xut mt phn n l ca phn mm gii quyt tt c cc vn ca chng ta, thay v th chng ta cn phi sn xut cc phn ring l ca phn mm v sau m bo rng cc phn ny giao tip hi qu vi nhau. 6. Phn chia h thng con thnh cc tng hoc cc h thng con khc: tiu biu, mi h thng con s cn c phn tch k hn thnh cc khi c th qun l c trc khi chng ta thit k chi tit. 7. Quyt nh my mc, h thng con v cc tng s giao tip vi nhau nh th no: quyt nh giao tip lun lun xy ra v tc ng ca cc bc khc. II.Thit k h thng con c th c x l nh sau: Thit k cc lp v cc lnh vc ca tng nghip v, s dng m hnh phn tch lp nh l mt ch dn. Tng nghip v gm c cc thc th t phm vi bi ton v cc lp h tr cn thit khc. Quyt nh xem d liu bn no c lu tr nh th no v thit k s sp xp lu tr. D liu bn l d liu m khng c mt i khi tt h thng. Hon thin vic xem xt v cm nhn ca giao din ngi dng, c tham chiu n nhng bn phc tho c to ra trong giai on phn tch. Xem xt cc use case h thng, tham chiu n thit k giao din ngi dng, ch cc dch v nghip v phi c h tr bi tng gia. Cc dch v nghip v l cc cu hi v cu lnh m mt client c th gi ti server, v d nh l mua mt quyn sch hay t hng mt chic t. Pht trin cc dch v nghip v thnh cc i tng server, ton b cc thng ip c th tm c qua mng. Cc i tng server thc

thi cc dch v nghip v s dng tng nghip v, theo mt cch m cc kiu client khc nhau c cung cp. Hon thin cc bin php cn thit m bo kim sot tng tranh v an ton lung. Kim sot tng tranh ngha l s dng cc quy tc nghip v kim sot truy cp h thng: tn ngi dng v mt khu. An ton lung ngha l lm cho chc chn rng d liu bn trong mt tin trnh khng b hng v cc hot ng song song khng nhn c theo tng cch khc.

1. nh x m hnh lp phn tch thnh m hnh lp thit k - nh x cc hot ng : Hot ng ch c gii thiu n thun nh mt cch ghi li s thc hin cc Usecase- trong ngha khc l nh h thng cc use case c gi lp, hot ng c khm ph nh mt tc ng ca vic kim tra rng cc lp phn tch s h tr thc thi. Nhng hot ng thit k ny nn c b qua cho mc ch thit k. - Kiu bin : Khi chng ta gii thiu cc trng , chng ta cn phi quyt nh kiu l nguyn thy hay lp - Tnh hin th ca cc trng : Cng nh vic cung cp tn v kiu ca trng chng ta cn phi a ra tnh hin th ca chng. Tnh hin th ca mt trng ch ra phn no ca code c cho php c hoc chnh sa gi tr. Private Package Protected Public - Accessors : - nh x cc lp, thuc tnh v cc thnh phn : Trong UML k t ging nhau c dng cho biu lp phn tch v biu lp thit k. Tuy nhin bn phi t tm nhiu k t c sn hn trong biu thit k - nh x cc kiu lin kt khc nhau : Lin kt One-to-One Lin kt One-to-Many

 Lin kt Many-to-Many Lp lin kt 2. X l bn vng vi c s d liu quan h - H qun tr c s d liu - M hnh quan h - nh x lp thc th : - nh x lin kt - nh x trng thi i tng 3. Hon thin giao din ngi dng 4. Thit k dch v nghip v - Dng giy y quyn bn sao hoc: Khi client yu cu mt dch v business, kt qu c th bao gm mt hoc nhiu i tng ngip v. cng nh khi phc i tng nghip v mt client c th gi i tng nghip v n server. cho r rng hn, chng ta c hai chin lc c bn chn form: proxies l i tng client m bit cch lm th no hng tin nhn m chng nhn c ti i tng nghip v t ti ni khc; copies l i tng cha mt bn sao ca d liu i tng nghip v. - Phn lp dch v nghip v - ng nht phin lm vic - Thc hin dch v nghip v 5. Dng mu, khung v th vin 6. Giao dch - Trng hp lc quan v bi quan - Hng dn chung cho vic dng giao dch vi cc i tng - Giao dch tng thp hn 7. X l a hot ng - iu khin a nhim v : Mi tin trnh c qun l bi h iu hnh c th c nhn ri hoc hat ng. v th chng ta cn c nhiu tin trnh hn CPU,

h iu hnh phi chia thi gian CPU gia cc tin trnh hot ng; h iu hnh cho php mi tin trnh hat ng chy trong khong thi gian nh v sau chuyn sang tin trnh tip theo. - Kim sot a lung : Lung khc tin trnh v chng chia s tt c khu vc d liu ging nhau trong cc tin trnh ca chng. V th, cng nh vic bo v cc ngun ti nguyn bn ngoi th ngi lp trnh cng phi bo v d liu bn trong. Trong tt c cc kha cnh khc nhau th lung l nhiu tin trnh nh: chng c iu khin bng scheduler v c th c ch nh u tin khc nhau. - Lung an ton : a lung l nguyn nhn nhiu vn , v th lung c th b ngt trc khi chng kt thc.