PHN I: GII THIU CHUNG V 5S

1) Khi nim 5S: 5S l nn tng c bn thc hin cc h thng m bo cht lng. Xut pht t quan im, nu lm vic trong mt mi trng lnh mnh, sch s, thong ng, tin li th tinh thn s thai mi hn, nng sut lao ng s cao hn v to iu kin cho vic p dng mt h thng qun l cht lng em li nim tin cho khch hng. 5S l ch ci u ca cc t ting Nht SEIRI, SEITON SEISO, SEIKETSU v SHITSUKE, dch sang ting Vit l Sng lc, Sp xp, Sch s, Sn sc v Sn sng. SERI (Sng lc): L sng lc nhng ci khng cn thit ti ni lm vic v loi b chng. SEITON (Sp xp): L sp xp mi th ngn np trt t ng ch ca n c th tin li khi s dng. SEISO (Sch s): L v sinh mi ch ti ni lm vic khng cn rc trn nn nh, my mc v thit b. SEIKETSU (Sn sc): L lun sn sc, gi gn v sinh ni lm vic bng cch lin tc thc hin Seiri, Seiton v Seiso. SHITSUKE (Sn sng): L to cho mi ngi thi quen t gic lm vic tt v lun tun th nghim ngt cc qui nh ti ni lm vic. 2) ngha ca hot ng 5S: 5S xut pht t nhu cu m bo sc khe ca cn b cng nhn vin. D dng, thun li hn khi lm vic. To tinh thn lm vic v bu khng kh ci m. Nng cao cht lng cuc sng. Nng cao nng sut. Bt ngun t truyn thng ca Nht Bn, mi ni, trong mi cng vic, ngui Nht lun c gng khi dy thc trch nhim, t nguyn, tnh t gic ca ngi thc hin cc cng vic . Ngi Nht lun tm cch sao cho ngi cng nhn thc s gn b vi cng vic ca mnh. V d, trong phn xng, ngi qun l s c gng khi dy thc trong ngi cng nhn y l cngvic ca ti, ch lm vic ca ti, my mc ca ti. T ngi lao ng s d dng chp nhn chm sc chic my ca mnh, ch lm vic ca mnh v c gng hon thnh cng vic ca mnh mt cch tt nht. Cc nh qun l ca Nht tip thu truyn thng ny v y n ln thnh mt phong tro pht trin rng ri. Sau c kt cc kinh nghim mt thc tin thnh l lun khoa hc v cho ra i chng trnh nng sut cht lng mi l 5S. Khi thc hin 5S thnh cng trong cng ty, 5S s a li s thay i k diu. Nhng th khng cn thit s c loi b khi ni lm vic, nhng vt dng cn thit c xp ngn np, gn gng, t nhng v tr thun tin cho ngi s dng, my mc thit b tr nn sch s, c bo dng, bo qun. T cc hot ng 5S s nng cao tinh thn tp th, khuyn khch s ha ngca mi ngi qua ngi lm vic s c thi tch cc hn, c trch nhim v thc hn vi cng vic. Ngy nay, 5S l mt chng trnh nng cao nng sut rt ph bin Nht Bn v dn dn tr nn tr nn ph bin cc nc khc v cc li ch sau:
Gii thiu & Hng dn thc hin 5S Pages 1

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Ni lm vic tr nn sch s v ngn np hn. Mi ngi trong cng nh ngoi cng ty d dng nhn r kt qu. Tng cng pht huy sng kin. Mi ngi tr nn c k lut hn. Ch lm vic thun tin v an ton hn. Cn b cng nhn vin t ho v ni lm vic sch s v gn np ca mnh. Kt qu tt p ca Cng ty s em li nhiu c hi kinh doanh hn. L do ti sao ngy cng c nhiu ngi tham gia thc hin 5S: 5S c th p dng i vi mi loi hnh doanh nghip nh, va v ln. C th p dng i vi cc doanh nghip bt k ngnh no: sn xut, thng mi v dch v. Trit l ca 5S d hiu, khng i hi phi hiu bit cc thut ng kh. Bn cht mi ngi u thch sch s, thoi mi v s ngn np ti ni lm vic. Mt cng ty qun l yu km c c trng bi nhng im sau: C rt nhiu nhng th khng cn thit v chng khng c sp xp gn gng. Sp xp cc vt i hi phi i li nhiu, qung ng xa. Lng ph thi gian, cng sc trong phn ln cng vic. Nhiu sai xt trong cng vic. Nhiu cng vic phi lm li. Sn nh, tng, ca s, thit b chiu sng bn thu, bm bi, thiu nh sng. Nhng ni cng cng (phng n, nh v sinh) thiuv sinh. Nhn vin khng t ho v doanh nghip v cng vic ca mnh.

Mc tiu chnh ca chng trnh 5S: Chng trnh 5S l mt chng trnh ca ton doanh nghip vi s tham gia ca tt c mi ngi trong doanh nghip. y l phng php rt hiu qu huy ng con ngi, ci tin mi trng lm vic v nng cao nng sut. Mc tiu chnh ca chng trnh 5S bao gm: Xy dng thc ci tin (Kaizen) cho mi ngi ti ni lm vic. Xy dng tinh thn ng i gi mi ngi thng qua chng trnh 5S Pht trin vai tr lnh o ca cn b lnh o v cc b qun l thng qua cc hot ng thc t. Xy dng c s a vo cc k thut ci tin. Yu t c bn thc hin thnh cng chng trnh 5S: 1. Lnh o lun cam kt v h tr: iu kin tin quyt cho s thnh cng khi thc hin 5S l s hiu bit v ng h ca lnh o. Lnh o cn hnh thnh cc nhm cng tc v ch o thc hin. 2. Thc hin 5S bt u bng o to v hun luyn: o to cho mi ngi nhn thc c ngha ca hot ng 5S, cung cp cho h nhng phng php thc hin. Khi c nhn thc v c phng tin th mi ngi s t gic tham gia v ch ng trong cc hot ng 5S. 3. Mi ngi cng t nguyn tham gia vo thc hin 5S: B quyt thnh cng khi thc hin 5S l to ra mi trng thch hp khuyn khch mi ngi tham gia.
Gii thiu & Hng dn thc hin 5S Pages 2

4. Lp li vng 5S vi tiu chun cao hn: thc hin chng trnh 5S l s lp li khng ngng cc hot ng nhm bo m duy tr v ci tin cng tc qun l.

Lp li chu trnh 5S

Seri

Seiton

Shitsuke

Seiso Seiketsu

PHN II: CC BC P DNG 5S

thc hin mt chng trnh 5S, u tin cn xy dng mt k hoch thc hin (Ph lc 1), bao gm cc bc: Bc 1: Chun b Bc 2: Thng bo chnh thc ca Tng Gim c. Bc 3: Mi ngi tin hnh tng v sinh. Bc 4: Bt u bng Seiri Sng lc Bc 5: Thc hin Seiri Sng lc, Seiton Sp xp v Seiso Sch s hng ngy. Bc 6: nh gi nh k. 1) Bc 1: Chun b Ban lnh o hiu r nguyn l v li ch ca 5S. Tm hiu kinh nghim v cc hot ng 5S. Cam kt thc hin 5S. Thnh lp ban ch o thc hin 5S. Ch nh ngi c trch nhim v hot ng 5S. o to ngi c trch nhim chnh v cc thnh vin hng dn thc hin.
Gii thiu & Hng dn thc hin 5S Pages 3

2) Bc 2: Thng bo chnh thc ca lnh o: Thng bo chnh thc v chng trnh thc hin 5S. Trnh by mc tiu ca chng trnh 5S cho tt c mi ngi. Cng b thnh lp ban ch o thc hin, phng hng trin khai, phn cng nhm, c nhn chu trch nhim i vi tng khu vc c th. Lp ra cc cng c tuyn truyn, qung b nh biu ng, p phch, bn tin T chc o to v cc ni dung c bn ca 5S cho mi ngi. 3) Bc 3: Ton b nhn vin tin hnh tng v sinh. T chc ngy tng v sinh ngay sau khi lnh thng bo thc hin 5S. Chia vng, phn cng nhm ph trch. Cung cp y dng c v cc thit b cn thit. Thc hin ngy tng v sinh ton cng ty. Sng lc mi th khng cn thit. Duy tr 2 cuc tng v sinh hng nm. 4) Bc 4: Thc hin Seiri (Sng lc) Lp tiu chun loi b nhng th khng cn thit. Sng lc s b loi b nhng th khng cn thit sau ngy tng v sinh. Mi ngi tp trung xc nh v phn loi nhng th khng cn thit v loi b chng. Nhng th khng dng na nhng vn c gi tr cn c nh gi li trc khi c quyt nh x l trnh lng ph. Lm cng tc sng lc thng xuyn ti v tr lm vic v sng lc tng th ton cng ty t chc hai ln 1 nm. Sng lc thc hin lc no, ai lm v lm u? Vo ngy tng v sinh mi ngi c gng loi b nhng th khng cn thit. Mi nm hai ln t chc mt ngy Seiri v tp trung loi b mi th khng cn thit. Trong sut nhng ngy thc hin hot ng Seiri, Seiton v Seito, c gng loi b nhng th khng cn thit v phng nga lng ph do tch ly nhng th khng cn thit. Ban lnh o v chuyn gia nh gi 5S i xem xt xung quanh ch lm vic v a ra nhng li ch dn cn thit. 5) Bc 5: Thc hin Seri, Seiton v Seiso hng ngy. Thng xuyn loi b nhng th khng cn thit. Tn dng ch lm vic hiu qu hn. Lun tm cch v thc hin ci tin a im v phng php lu gi gim ti thiu thi gian tm kim v ly ra. Lp thi kha biu v thc hin v sinh hng ngy to ra mt mi trng thoi mi m bo sc khe. Huy ng mi ngi pht huy sng kin ci tin ti ch lm vic.
Gii thiu & Hng dn thc hin 5S Pages 4

Luyn tp Seiketsu: Khi thc hin ng cc hot ng Seri, Seiton, Seiso, ni lm vic tr nn sch s v ngn np. iu ny c gi l Seiketsu (Sn sc). duy tr v nng cao 5S nn s dng cc phng php hiu qu sau: Ban lnh o nh gi hot ng 5S To ra s thi ua gia cc phng ban v 5S. To ra s thi ua gia cc cng ty v 5S. Luyn tp Shitsuke: Gp g mi ngi vi n ci thn thin. Chu kh lng nghe. Lm vic nhit tnh v lun tm cch ci tin. C tinh thn ng i. Luyn tp phong cch lun xem mnh l thnh vin ca mt t chc c uy tn. C gng lun ng gi. Gi ni lm vic lun sch s v ngn np. Tun th nghim ngt qui nh an ton.

6) Bc 6: nh gi nh k 5S. Cc hot ng 5S cn c duy tr thng xuyn v nng cao. khuyn khch duy tr v nng cao cc hot ng ny cn c cc hot ng nh gi. Ni dung cng tc nh gi bao gm: Lp k hoch nh gi v khuyn khch hot ng 5S. Cn b nh gi thng xuyn hot ng 5S. Pht ng phong tro thi ua gia cc phng ban v hot ng 5S. Trao thng nh k cho nhmv c nhn thc hin tt 5S. T chc tham quan tm hiu vic thc hin 5S cc n v khc. T chc cc phong tro thi ua 5S gia cc cng ty hon thin hn.

PHN III: PHNG PHP THC HIN 5S

1) Thc hin Seiri- Sng lc: SEIRI (Sng lc) c ngha l loi b nhng th khng cn thit. Mc ch: To ra khng gian hu dng v hiu qu Bc 1: Hy quan st ni lm vic ca mnh. Hy pht hin v xc nh nhng th khng cn thit cho cng vic. Sau th hy b nhng th khng cn thit (s dng thng bo hy b). ng gi li nhng th khng cn thit cho cng vic ca bn. Bc 2: Nu khng th quyt nh ngay c l mt th g cn cn hay khng cn cho cng vic th hy nh du s hy km theo ngy thng s hy v ring ra mt ni. Bc 3: Sau mt thi gian, v d 3 thng, hy kim tra li xem c ai cn n vt dng khng. Nu sau 3 thng m khng thy ai cn n, tc l nhng th khng cn cho cng vic na. Nu bn khng th t mnh quyt nh th hy ra mt thi hn x l.

Gii thiu & Hng dn thc hin 5S

Pages 5

Ch : Khi sng lc khng c qun nhng g nm trong ngn t, v trong phng. Vic hy nhng th khng cn thit c th bng mt trong nhng cch sau: - Bn ph liu. - Giao cho cc n v khc nu h cn. - Vt b. - Khi hy nhng th thuc ti sn ca n v bn phi bo co cho ngi c thm quyn c bit. - Khi quan st xung quanh tm ra nhng th khng cn thit ni lm vic ca bn hy tm mi ni, mi ngc ngch ging nh khi bn tm dit mt con dn vy. 2) Thc hin Seiton Sp Xp SEITON (Sp xp) c ngha l t mi th ng ch ca n sao cho tin li khi s d Mc tiu: Gim ti a thi gian tm kim, ly i, mang i v mang tr li. Bc 1: Khng nh nhng th khng cn thit c loi b rakhi ni lm vic ca bn. Vic cn li l bn suy ngh xem nn b tr sp xp cc vt dng u thun tin theo qui trnh lm vic. ng thi m bo thm m v an ton. Bc 2: Trao i vi ng nghip v cch sp xp b tr trn quan im thun tin cho thao tc. Tun th 7 nguyn tc: - Vo trc ra trc. - Mi vt c b tr1i mt v tr ring nht nh. - Nhn bit cc vt v v tr qua h thng nhn/th nhn bit. - t cc vt sao cho d nhn thy gim thiu thi gian tm kim. - t cc vt sao cho d ly hoc d vn chuyn. - ring cc vt chuyn dng vi cc vt dng chung. - Cc vt dng thng xuyn c t gn ngi s dng . Bc 3: m bo cc ng nghip u bit c ci g, ch no t ly s dng m khng cn phi hi. Tt nht l nn c mt danh mc cc vt dng v ni lu gi. Hy ghi ch trn tng ngn ko, ngn t, cp ti liu mi ngi bit ci g c lu gi . Bc 4: Hy p dng nguyn tc ny ch r ni t bnh cu ha v nhng ch dn cn thit khc.

Cch thc hin Seiton

Ni hp l Phi gn ni s dng C th t kh xa Phi kho ring vi cc nhn mc r rng

Seiton
Phn loi Cc vt thng dng Cc vt thnh thong dng Cc vt khng h dng nhng phi lu gi Pages 6

Gii thiu & Hng dn thc hin 5S

Ch : Mc ch ca SEITON (Sp xp) l lm cho ni lm vic ca bn c an ton, hiu qu khi lm vic. V vy nhng vt dng nh rm, mn che du nhng vt dng pha sau l khng cn thit. Nu c qui nh mc thi hn ti thiu v ti a lu gi vt dng, ti liu th cng tt. 3) Thc hin Seiso- Sch s SEISO (Sch s) c ngha l bn hy v sinh sch s ni lm vic. C mt mi quan h rt mt thit gia cht lng sn phm v s sch s ni lm vic ra sn phm. Nh vy Seiso (sch s) phi c thc hin hng ngy, i khi l trong sut c ngy. Sau y l mt vi gi thc hin Seiso: ng i n lc d bn mi lm v sinh. Hy qut dn, v sinh ni lm vic, k c my mc thit b, dng c, cmt cch thng xuyn lm cho chng khng cn c hi d bn. Dnh 5-10 pht mi ngy lm SEISO. C trch nhim vi mi trng xung quanh ni lm vic ca mnh. Nu mun lm vic trong mt mi trng sch s v an tan tt nht hy to ra mi trng . ng bao gi vt b rc, khc nh ba bi. V sinh bdn dp cng l mt hot ng cn oc kim tra. Xem v sinh l iu quan trng i vi cc nh my, cng xng. Nu bn thy iu ny ng th hy bt u t ngy hm nay.

Ch :

Ngoi 5-10 pht hng ngy cho Seiso, nn c thi gian lm seiso trong tun, trong thng. Ci li do seiso mang li s ln hn nhiu ln thi gian b ra. C 3 ch lm vic khc nhau: Loi th 3: Mi ngi vt rc ba bi xung quang m khng c ai thu dn. Loi th 2: Mi ngi vt rc ba bi xung quanh v c mt t thu dn v sinh. Loi th 1: Khng ai vt rc trong khi mi ngi lun lm v sinh.

Bn nn tp thi quen khng vt rc v thng xuyn lm v sinh ni lm vic ca mnh! 4) Thc hin Seiketsu Sn sc Seiketsu (sn sc) ngha l gn gi v sinh sch s ni lm vic mc cao. khng lng ph nhng n lc thc hin, khng nn dng li sau khi tin hnh c 3S. Sau y l nhng gi thc hin SEIKETSU: - To ra mt h thng nhm duy tr s sch s ngn np ni lm vic, cn c lch lm v sinh. - Phong tro thi ua gi cc phng ban. Ch lm vic cng rt quan trng v c hiu qu trong vic li ko, cun ht mi ngi tham gia 5S. Ch : Cn ch r tn ngi chu trch nhim v ni lm vic hay my mc, thit b. Kim tra v nh gi thng xuyn do thnh vin ca t (nhm, i) 5S ca n v thc hin.
Gii thiu & Hng dn thc hin 5S Pages 7

 ng ch tm ch xu, km ph bnh m phi ch tm ra ci hay, ci tt khen thng, ng vin. 5) Thc hin Shitsuke Sn sng Shitsuke (sn sng) c ngha l lm cc vic trn mt cch t gic m khng cn ai phi c trch nhim nhc nh hay ra lnh. Cn phi lm cho mi ngi thy thc hin 4S trc mt cch t gic nh mt thi quen. Khng c cch no thc p thc hin 5S tt hn l thng xuyn thc hnh n cho ti khi m mi ngi cm thy yu 5S. Cn to ra mt bu khng kh lnh mnh mi ngi thy khng th thiu 5S, mun vy cn ch : - Coi ni lm vic nh ngi nh th hai ca mnh. - Nhn thc c ngn hng l ni to ra thu nhp cho bn v gia nh bn. - Nu bn mong mun v thng xuyn lmcho ngi nh bn sch s, v sinh , ngn np th ti sao bn li khng c gng lm cho ni lm vic ca bn sch s thoi mi d chu nh nh. Ch : nng cao shitsuke (sn sng) ca CBCNV trong cng ty th vai tr ca ngi ph trch l cc k quan trng. Ngi ph trch phi l tm gng v 5S mi ngi noi theo. Phng php thc hin 5S hng ngy: 1. Tin hnh 5S khong 5 pht vo mi bui sng v mi bui chiu hng ngy. 2. Mi ngi thc hin 5S khong 15 pht ti ni lm vic ca mnh vo chiu th 6 hng tun (khu vc c nhn v khu vc chung) 3. Hng thng, thc hin 5S ton n v khong 30 pht trong gi lm vic (khu vc chung nh vn phng, phn xng, bi ch to, nh v sinh). 4. Mi ngi chia s kinh nghim thc hin. 5. To ra ni lm vic thun tin. 6. Khng ngng ci tin mi trng lm vic. 10 iu gi thc hin thnh cng chng trnh 5S: 7. Hai ci u lun tt hn mt ci u pht huy ti a phng php huy ng tr no. 8. Lun thc tm ra cc im khng thun tin ci tin. 9. Lun thc tm ra nhng ni lm vic khng ngn np ci tin. 10. Tm ra nhng khu vc lm vic khng an ton ci tin. 11. Tm ra nhng ni lm vic khng an ton v cha sch s ci tin. 12. Tm ra cc im lng ph loi b. 13. M rng phm vi v sinh b mt my mc. 14. Ch ti cc khu vc cng cng nh: Nh n, nh v sinh, vn, hnh lang ngoi v bi xe. 15. Ch ra nhng bng chng m nhn vin cn phi tng cng hot ng 5S. 16. S dng hu hiu cch thc kim sot bng trc quan.

Gii thiu & Hng dn thc hin 5S

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