TRUNG TM GDTX NAM NG ----------------------------------------------- GII TCH 12

Chng II: HM S LU THA HM S M HM S LOGARIT

Bi 2: LOGARIT (t2)
I. MC TIU:
Kin thc:
Bit cc qui tc tnh logarit v cng thc i c s.
Bit cc khi nim logarit thp phn, logarit t nhin.
K nng:
Bit vn dng nh ngha tnh mt s biu thc cha logarit n gin.
Bit vn dng cc tnh cht ca logarit vo cc bi ton bin i, tnh ton cc biu thc
cha logarit.
Thi :
Rn luyn tnh cn thn, chnh xc. T duy cc vn ton hc mt cch lgic v h thng.
II. CHUN B:
Gio vin: Gio n, my chiu Projector
Hc vin: SGK, v ghi. n tp cc kin thc hc v logarit.
III. HOT NG DY HC:
1. n nh t chc:
2. Kim tra bi c: (3')
Gi 1 HV ln TLTN trc tip trn my tnh (cu hi v p n chun b sn trn my tnh)
3. Ging bi mi:
Hot ng ca Gio vin
Hot ng ca Hc vin
Ni dung
Hot ng 1: Tm hiu cng thc i c s
H1. Cho a = 4, b = 64, c = 2. 1. Vi s tr gip ca GV, III. I C S
Cho a, b, c > 0; a, c 1.
Tnh loga b,logc a,logc b . T HV a ra cng thc:
log
a
.log
b
=
log
b
logc b
rt ra nhn xt?
c
a
c
log b =
a

GV hng dn HS chng log b = log ( aloga b )

c
c
minh.
= loga b.logc a

logc a

c bit:
loga b =

1
logb a

(b 1)

1
loga b = log ab

( 0)

H2. Thc hin php tnh ?

p dng: logc a.loga b = logc b

VD: Tnh:
a) log3 6.log8 9.log6 2

2.
a)
1

1
log3 6.log6 2. log2 9 = log32.log29 3
3

log3

1
93

= log3

3
32 =

3
2

Hot ng 2: Cc v d p dng
Gv hng dn Hv cng thc
hin

V d 6. Tnh:
1
2

a) log4 15 = log215 = log2 15

b) log 1 2 = log3 2
27

b)

log 1 2

27

1
3

V d 7:
Cho = log 2 20 . Hy tnh

Phn tch:
GV inh Nh Huy

a) 2log4 15

TRUNG TM GDTX NAM NG ----------------------------------------------- GII TCH 12

= log 2 20 = log 2 (22.5)

GV hng dn Hv cng lm v
d

= log 2 20 = 2 + log 2 5
Suy ra log 2 5 = 2
log 2 5 2
=
Vy log 20 5 =
log 2 20
2
A = log31 7 = 2 log 32 (72 ) log 1 (7 1 )
32

= log3 7 + 2 log3 7 log3 7 = 3log3 7

= log 5 20 theo

V d 8:
Rt gn biu thc
A = log 1 7 = 2 log9 49 log
3

1
7

Hot ng 3: Tm hiu khi nim logarit thp phn, logarit t nhin

IV. LOGARIT THP PHN,
GV gii thiu khi nim
LOGARIT T NHIN
logarit thp phn v logarit t
1. Logarit thp phn
nhin.
lgb = logb = log10 b

GV hng dn HS s dng HS theo di v thc hnh trn 2. Logarit t nhin

MTBT.
MTBT tnh. (my 570MS)
lnb = loge b
log2 3 =

log3
1,5850
log2

log3 0,8 =

Nhn mnh:
Qui tc tnh logarit.
Cng thc i c s.

ln0,8
0,2031
ln3

Ch : Mun tnh loga b vi a

10 v a e, bng MTBT, ta
c th s dng cng thc i
c s.

Hot ng 4: Cng c
Tr li cc cu hi Gv a ra

4. BI TP V NH:
Bi 3, 4, 5 SGK.
IV. RT KINH NGHIM, B SUNG:
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GV inh Nh Huy