CHNG 5 CC CNG NGH TRUY CP

Cc nh lut lu lng
Cng lu lng A = Rcall Tcall
Rcall l s cuc gi trung bnh trn mt n v thi gian Tcall l thi gian trung bnh ca mt cuc gi

Trn B Nhim

Chng 5: Cc cng ngh a truy cp

Cc nh lut lu lng
Cng thc Erlang B (cn gi l cng thc blocked calls cleared ) En(A)= (An / n!) /
C l s knh c cung cp n l cc knh b chim (n C)
=0( ! )

Xc sut chn

Mt erlang i din cho dung lng ng truyn bi 1 knh (1 cuc gi trn gi hay 1 cuc gi trn pht).
Trn B Nhim Chng 5: Cc cng ngh a truy cp 3

B(C, A) = EC(A)

Cc nh lut lu lng

GOS (Grade of Services): ch kh nng mt user truy cp c trong thi im mng bn nht
Trn B Nhim Chng 5: Cc cng ngh a truy cp 4

Cc nh lut lu lng
Cng thc Erlang Au = .H
Trong H l thi gian trung bnh cho 1 cuc gi v A l s cuc gi trung bnh trn 1 n v thi gian

i vi 1 h thng c cha U ngi s dng v s lng cc knh khng xc nh,tng lu lng ng truyn A c cho bi cng thc A = U.Au
Trn B Nhim Chng 5: Cc cng ngh a truy cp 5

Cng trung bnh tn hiu

n v o lng s lan truyn trong mt knh di ng v tuyn cho thy rng cng tn hiu nhn c ti mi thi im s b suy gim ng nh theo quy lut v cng , ph thuc khong cch gia bn pht v bn nhn. Cng trung bnh nhn c l Pr ti mt khong cch d c tnh t anten truyn ti s c tnh bi cng thc: Pr = P0(d/d0)n hoc Pr (dBm) = P0(dBm) 10nlog(d/d0)
Trong : d0 l khong cch nh nm trong vng farfield, n l h s mt mt
Chng 5: Cc cng ngh a truy cp

Trn B Nhim

Khi nim mng t ong

Khi nim mng t ong l cch gii quyt ch yu trong vic x l vn tc nghn mng v hiu sut ngi dng. Gip tng hiu sut trong gii hn ca s phn b cc vng khng c nhiu s thay i cng ngh. Hn ch s nhiu knh

Trn B Nhim

Chng 5: Cc cng ngh a truy cp

Khi nim mng t ong

S dng li tn s
M hnh t ong ca h thng sng v tuyn da vo s thng minh v kh nng dng chung ca tn s trong 1 vng phn b. N = i2 + i.j + j2 Vi i, j l 2 s nguyn dng. tm 1 knh cng tn s gn nht, ta thc hin cc bc sau:
Di chuyn i cell trong m hnh Xoay 600 v di chuyn j cell
Trn B Nhim Chng 5: Cc cng ngh a truy cp 9

V d 19-cell (N=19)

Figure 3.2 Method of locating co-channel cells in a cellular system. In this example, N = 19 (i.e., I = 3, j = 2). (Adapted from [Oet83] IEEE.)

Handoffs chuyn vng

Umbrella Cells

Mt s gi tr N in hnh

Dng li knh vi N=7-cell

nh ngha nhng thng s trong l thuyt chuyn mch

Set-up Time(Thi gian thit lp): Thi gian cn cung cp 1 ng truyn radio ring n ngi yu cu. Blocked Call (Cuc gi b ngt): Cuc gi khng th hon tt trong thi gian yu cu, do tc nghn. Cng gi l cuc gi b mt. Holding Time (Thi gian gi): Khong thi gian trung bnh ca 1 cuc gi. K hiu l H (giy). Traffic Intensity (Cng d liu): Thc o ca thi gian s dng knh, thi gian chim gi trung bnh c tnh bng Erlang. y l i lng khng n v c th c s dng tnh thi gian s dng ca knh n hoc knh a. K hiu l A.
Trn B Nhim Chng 5: Cc cng ngh a truy cp 15

nh ngha nhng thng s trong l thuyt chuyn mch

Load (Ti): Cng d liu trn ng truyn h thng knh radio. c tnh bng Erlang. Grade of Service(Mc dch v): n v ca s nghn knh, c bit l kh nng xy ra ca mt cuc gi b ngt (cho Erlang B), hoc kh nng ca 1 cuc gi b tr trong 1 khong thi gian (cho Erlang C). Request Rate(T l yu cu): S lng cuc gi trung bnh trn mt khong thi gian. K kiu bng .
Trn B Nhim Chng 5: Cc cng ngh a truy cp 16

Erlang B Trunking GOS

GOS (Grade of Services ): ch kh nng mt user truy cp c trong thi im mng bn nht

Erlang B

Erlang C

Chia nh ngn tng s knh

Chia nh ngn tng s knh

Chia nh ngn ci thin S/I

Chia nh ngn ci thin S/I

Minh ha phn b anten trong nh

Khi nim Zone Cell

Khi nim Zone Cell

Bi tp
C bao nhiu ngi dng c th c h tr vi 0.5% xc sut b chn theo s knh truyn trong mt h thng cuc gi b chn hon ton? Bit rng mi ngi dng pht sinh 0.1 Erlang d liu. a) 1 b) 5 c) 10 d) 20 e) 100
Trn B Nhim Chng 5: Cc cng ngh a truy cp 27

Bi tp
Gii
a) Cho C=1, Au = 0,1, GOS=0.005 T cng thc tnh cng trung bnh, ta c A = 0.005. Bn cnh tng s ngi dng l U = A/Au = 0,005/0,1 = 0,05 users. Nhng mi ngi dng ti thiu c th c cp 1 knh. V th U=1. b) U = 11 users c) U = 39 users d) U = 110 users e) U = 809 users
Trn B Nhim Chng 5: Cc cng ngh a truy cp 28

nh tuyn lu lng
Dng p ng lu lng trong mt mng thng tin v tinh gm N trm L mt hm ca nhu cu v xc sut chn cho php (t 0,5 1%) Tp hp cc lu lng sn sng trao i gia N trm c trnh by dng ma trn, vi ng cho chnh gm cc phn t 0
Trn B Nhim Chng 5: Cc cng ngh a truy cp 29

nh tuyn lu lng
T trm A A 0 n trm B CAB C CAC

B
C
Trn B Nhim

CBA
CCA

0
CCB

CBC
0
30

Chng 5: Cc cng ngh a truy cp

Mt sng mang trn mt ng truyn

Mt sng mang thng tin lu lng tXY t trm X n trm Y S sng mang bng s cc h s khc 0 ca ma trn ni trn, ngha l bng N(N 1) Cc h s ca ma trn xc nh dung lng ca tng sng mang

Trn B Nhim

Chng 5: Cc cng ngh a truy cp

31

Mt sng mang trn mt ng truyn

Trn B Nhim

Chng 5: Cc cng ngh a truy cp

32

Mt sng mang trn mt trm pht

V tinh pht sng dng broadcast

Trn B Nhim

Chng 5: Cc cng ngh a truy cp

33