TRNG THPT NGUYN TH MINH KHAI

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CNG N TP TON LP 10
HC K I NM HC 2011-2012
A. I S

Bi 1: Xt tnh chn l ca cc hm s
a) y 1 x =
2
x
b) y
x 2
=

4 2
c) y x 3x x = +
d) y x x = e)
x x
y
x
4 2
2
2
1
+
=

f) y x x 3 3 = + +
g)
( )
2
+ 2 = y x x x h)
1- 2x + 1+2x
y =
4x
i)
2- x + 2 + x
y =
x +1

k)
( )
4 2
3
x - 2x +3
y =
x x +x

Bi 2: Xc nh a v b bit th ca hm s y=ax+b:
a) i qua hai im A(1; 20), B(3; 8).
b) i qua im M(4; 3) v song song vi ng thng d: y x
2
1
3
= + .
c) Ct ng thng (d
1
): y x 2 5 = + ti im c honh bng 2 v ct
ng thng (d
2
): y x 3 4 = + ti im c tung bng 2.
d) Song song vi ng thng y x
1
2
= v i qua giao im ca hai ng
thng y x
1
1
2
= + v y x 3 5 = + .
Bi 3: Xc nh parabol = + +
2
y ax bx c , bit rng parabol :
a) C trc i xng
6
5
x = , ct trc tung ti im A(0;2) v i qua im
( ) 2;4 B
b) C nh 4) 1; I( v i qua 3;0) A(
TRNG THPT NGUYN TH MINH KHAI

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c) i qua 4) A(1; v tip xc vi trc honh ti 3 x =
d) C nh ( ) 1 2; S v ct trc honh ti im c honh l 1
e) i qua ba im C(3;2) 1;6), B( A(1;0),
Bi 4: Cho hm s y=2x+1 c th l (d) v im M(-1; -5)
a) Vit phng trnh ng thng ( ) i qua M v song song vi (d)
b) Kho st v v th hm s y=2x-3
c) T th hm s cu b) hy suy ra th hm s y 2 x 3 = v y 2x 3 =
Bi 5: Cho hm s
2
y = ax +bx+c vi a 0
a) Tm a, b, c bit gi tr nh nht ca hm s l 4 t c khi x=1 v
th hm s ct trc tung ti im c tung l 3.
b) Kho st hm s va tm c cu trn.
c) T th (P) hy suy ra th hm s
2
2 x 3 + +
1
(P ) : y = -x v
2
2
2 x 3 + + (P ) : y = -x .
d) Da vo
2
(P ) , bin lun theo m s nghim ca phng trnh:
2
2 x 3 m 1. + + = -x
Bi 6: Cho A v B l 2 im thuc th hm s y=(m-1)x+2 c honh ln
lt l -1 v 3.
a) Xc nh ta ca 2 im A v B.
b) Vi iu kin no ca m th 2 im A v B cng nm pha trn trc
honh?
c) Vi iu kin no ca m th y 0, x [ 1; 3] > .
Bi 7: Cho hm s
2
y = x - 4x+3 c th l (P)
a) Lp bng bin thin v v th (P)
b) Bin lun theo k s nghim ca phng trnh:
2
x 4 x 3 k + =
TRNG THPT NGUYN TH MINH KHAI

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c) ng thng (d) i qua A(0;1) v c h s gc m. Tm m ng
thng (d) ct (P) tai hai im phn bit M, N. Tm qu tch trung im I
ca on thng MN khi m thay i.
Bi 8: Vit phng trnh cc ng thng
a)
1
(d ) i qua
1
A ; 3
2
| |

|
\
v c h s gc
2
k
2
=
b)
2
(d ) i qua im B(1; -2) v ct Ox, Oy ti hai im phn bit M, N sao
cho tam gic OMN cn ti O.
c)
3
(d ) i qua im
1
C 2;
2
| |

|
\
v song song vi ng thng 3x-5y+2=0.
d)
4
(d ) i qua giao im ca hai ng thng
1
( ) : y 2x 5 = v
2
( ) : 3y 2x 5 0 + = v vung gc vi ng thng
3
( ) : 2x y 7 0 + = .
Bi 9: Cho hm s y=mx+m-1
a) Tm m th hm s ct hai trc ta ti hai im phn bit v
khong cch t O ti th hm s t gi tr ln nht.
b) Chng minh rng th hm s lun i qua mt im c nh vi mi
gi tr ca m.
Bi 10: Xc nh parabol (P):
2
y = ax +bx+c , bit rng th ca n
a) i qua ba im A(1; 0), B(-2; -27),
1
C ; 2
2
| |

|
\

b) i qua im D(0; 3) v t cc tiu bng 4 khi x=1
c) i qua im E(2; 3) v nhn im
2 7
F ;
3 3
| |

|
\
lm nh.
d) i qua hai im M(-2; 3), N(2; 3) v tip tuyn ca (P) l ng thng y=1.
Bi 11: Cho parabol (P):
2
- 3 y = x x+2 . Hy lp phng trnh tip tuyn vi (P)
bit rng:
a) Tip tuyn i qua A(-2; 3)
TRNG THPT NGUYN TH MINH KHAI

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b) Tip tuyn song song vi ng thng y=3x+2
c) Tip tuyn vung gc vi ng thng
1
y x 2
3
= +
d) Tip tuyn to vi Ox gc 45

e) Tip tuyn cng tip xc vi parabol
2
y x 7x 11 = + .
Bi 12: Cho hm s
2
y = x - 3x- 4 (1)
a) V th hm s (1)
b) Bin lun theo m s nghim ca phng trnh
2
x 3x 4 m = .
Bi 13: Cho hm s
2
y =-x +x+6 (1)
a) Kho st v v th hm s (1)
b) V th hm s
2
y x x 6 = + +
c) Tm m phng trnh
2
x x 7 m 0 + + = c 4 nghin phn bit.
Bi 14: Cho hm s
2
y = x - 6x+5 (1)
a) Kho st v v th hm s (1)
b) T th hm s (1) suy ra th hm s
2
y x 6x 5 = +
c) Tm m phng trnh
2
x 6x 5 2m 1 + = c ng 3 nghim phn bit.
Bi 15: Cho hm s
2
y =-x +3x+4 (1)
a) Kho st v v th hm s (1)
b) T th hm s (1) suy ra th hm s
2
y x 3 x 4 = + +
c) Tm m phng trnh
2
x 3 x 4 m + + = c ng 6 nghim phn bit.
Bi 16: Gii v bin lun cc phng trnh sau theo tham s m
a)
2
(m +2m- 3)x = m-1
b)
2 2
(m - m)x = 2x + m -1
c)
2
(m 1)x 3x 1 0 + =
d)
2
mx 2mx m 1 0 + + =
f)
3m 2x
m 3
2x 1

= +
+

g)
2
x 2 mx (2m 1)x m 1 0 ( + + + =


h) (2mx 5)(3x 2) 0 + =
TRNG THPT NGUYN TH MINH KHAI

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e) mx x 1 2x m + = +
i)
2 2
x m 2
x 1 x 1
+ = + +


j)
2 2
5 5
x 2mx 2 3x m 3m
x 2 x 2
+ + = +


Bi 17: Cho phng trnh
2
x - 2x- 16 = 0. Gi
2 1
x , x l hai nghim ca phng trnh
a) Khng gii phng trnh, tnh cc gi tr ca biu thc sau:
2 2
1 2
A x x = +
1 2
1 1
B
x x
= +
1 2 2 1
C (3x 2x )(3x 2x ) =
1 2
D x x =
b) Lp phng trnh bc hai nhn hai s
1 2
3x 2x v
2 1
3x 2x lm nghim.
Bi 18: Cho phng trnh
2
(m-1)x +2x-1 = 0. Tm m phng trnh cho
a) C nghim
b) C hai nghim phn bit
c) C hai nghim tri du
d) C hai nghim dng
Bi 19: Cho phng trnh
2 2
x +4x+m - 4 = 0 . Tm m
a) Phng trnh c nghim x=-1. Tnh nghim cn li.
b) Phng trnh c hai nghim cng m
c) Phng trnh c hai nghim tha mn
1 2
x 0 x <
d) Phng trnh c hai nghim tha mn
1 2
x x 1 <
e) Phng trnh c t nht mt nghim nh hn -1.
Bi 20: Cho phng trnh
2 2
x - 2(m-1)x+2m - 2m- 8 = 0
a) Tm m phng trnh c nghim
b) Tm m phng trnh c hai nghim
1 2
x , x
c) Tm h thc lin h gia hai nghim ca phng trnh khng ph thuc m.
d) Tm gi tr ln nht v gi tr nh nht ca biu thc
2 2
1 2 1 2
A x x x x = +
(Trong
1 2
x , x l cc nghim ca phng trnh)
Bi 21: Cho phng trnh
2
x - 2(2m+1)x + 3 +4m= 0 (1).
a) Tm m (1) c hai nghim phn bit x
1
, x
2
.
TRNG THPT NGUYN TH MINH KHAI

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b) Tm h thc gia x
1
, x
2
khng ph thuc vo m.
c) Tnh theo m, biu thc A = x x
3 3
1 2
+ .
d) Tm m (1) c mt nghim gp 3 ln nghim kia.
e) Lp phng trnh bc hai c cc nghim l x x
2 2
1 2
, .
Bi 22: Cho h phng trnh

ax +2y = 4- a
2x +ay = a

a) Gii h khi a=5
b) Gii v bin lun h theo tham s a.
Bi 23: Tm m h phng trnh sau v s nghim

mx + y = 2
4x +my = 6

Bi 24: Tm m h phng trnh sau v nghim

x - my = 0
mx - y = m+1

Bi 25: Cho h phng trnh

(a+1)x - y = a+1
x +(a-1)y = 2

a) Gii v bin lun h trn theo a
b) Tm a h c nghim tha mn: x+y=1
Bi 26: Gii cc h phng trnh sau
a)
6 2
3
x y
3 4
1
x y

+ =

b)
2 2
xy 4x 4y 23
x xy y 19
+ + =

+ + =

c)
x y
y x
x y
13
6
6

+ =

+ =

d)
2x y z 7 0
12x 2y 2z 2 0
2 1 1
x y z 0
3 3 3

+ + =

+ + =

e)
2 2
2 2
x 2y 2x y
y 2x 2y x
= +

= +

TRNG THPT NGUYN TH MINH KHAI

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Bi 27: Ty theo gi tr ca k hy bin lun s giao im ca ng thng
y = -kx +4 v parabol
2
y = x - (k- 3)x - k+6
Bi 28: Ty theo gi tr ca m hy bin lun s giao im ca hai parabol sau
2
1
(P ) : y mx mx 1 = + + v
2
2
(P ) : y x (6 m)x m 2 = +
Bi 29: Tm m phng trnh sau v nghim
4 2
(m 1)x 2(m 3)x m 3 0 + + + =
Bi 30: Ty theo gi tr ca m bin lun v tr tng i ca hai ng thng sau
1
(d ) : 4x my 4 m 0 + = v
2
(d ) : (2m 6)x y 2m 1 0 + + =
Bi 31: Cho h phng trnh

(m+1)x +2(2- m)y = m

(m+ 3)x + 2y = m+1

a) Gii v bin lun h phng trnh trn theo tham s m
b) Khi h c nghim (x, y). Tm h thc lin h gia x v y khng ph thuc m
c) Khi h c nghim duy nht. Tm mZ h c nghim nguyn.

B. HNH HC
Bi 1: Cho t gic ABCD. Gi I, J ln lt l trung im ca BC v AD. Gi G l
trung im ca IJ.
a) Chng minh rng GA GB GC GD 0 + + + =


b) Gi E l im sao cho GC GD GE + =

. Chng minh rng G l trng tm ABE .
Bi 2: Cho t gic ABCD v cc im M, N, P, Q ln lt l trung im ca AB, BC,
CD, DA. Chng minh hai tam gic ANP v CMQ c cng trng tm.
Bi 3: Cho tam gic ABC, gi G l trng tm v H l im i xng ca B qua G.
a) Chng minh
2 1
AH AC AB
3 3
=

v
( )
1
CH AB AC
3
= +


b) Gi M l trung im ca BC, chng minh
1 5
MH AC AB
6 6
=

.
TRNG THPT NGUYN TH MINH KHAI

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Bi 4: Cho tam gic ABC, trn BC ly D sao cho
3
BD BC
5
=

. Gi E l im tha mn
iu kin 4EA+2EB+3EC=0

.
a) Phn tch ED

theo EB

v EC

b) Chng minh A, E, D thng hng.
Bi 5: Cho tam gic ABC. Hai im M, N thay i sao cho MN 2MA 3MB MC = +

.
a) Dng im I tha mn iu kin 0 2IA 3IB IC= +


b) Chng minh ng thng MN lun i qua mt im c nh.
Bi 6: Cho tam gic ABC. Tm tp hp cc im M tha mn
a) MA MB MA MB + =


b)
3
MC
2
MA MB MB MC + + + =


c) MA MB MA MC + + =


d) 4 MC 2 MC MA MB MA MB + + =


Bi 7: Cho ABC c AB=5cm, BC=7cm, CA=8cm. Gi D l im thuc CA sao cho
CD=3cm.
a) Tnh AB.AC

v gc A b) Tnh CA.CB, CB.CD


Bi 8: Cho tam gic ABC u cnh a. Tm tp hp cc im M tha mn
a) MA(MA 2MB MC) 0 + + =


b)
2
(MA MB)MC a + =


c) (AB AC)AM 0 + =


d) (2MA MB MC)(MB MC) 0 + + =


e)
2
3a
(CA 2BC)CM
2
+ =


f)
2 2 2
3MA MB a + =
Bi 9: Cho hnh vung ABCD cnh a. Tm tp hp cc im M tha mn
a)
2
MA.MC MB.MD a + =

b)
2
MA.MB MC.MD 3a + =


Bi 10: Cho ABC cn ti A. H l trung im BC. D l hnh chiu ca H trn AC. M l
trung im HD. Chng minh rng AM BD .
TRNG THPT NGUYN TH MINH KHAI

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Bi 11: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD. K BK AC . Gi M, N ln lt l trung im ca
AK v CD. Chng minh rng BM MN.
Bi 12: Cho t gic ABCD c hai ng cho ct nhau ti O. Gi H, K ln lt l
trc tm ca cc tam gic ABO v CDO. Gi I, J ln lt l trung im ca AD v
BC. Chng minh HK IJ.
Bi 13: Tm dng ca ABC nu
a) (CA AB)(CA CB) 0 + =


b)
2
AB.AC AC =


Bi 14: Cho ABC. Chng minh rng:
a) Nu (a + b +c)(b +c - a) = 3bc th

A 60

= .
b) Nu
3 3 3
2
b +c - a
= a
b +c - a
th

A 60

= .
c) Nu cos(A+C) +3cosB 1 = th

B 60

= .
d) Nu
2 2 2 2
b(b - a ) = c(a - c ) th

A 60

= .
Bi 15: Trong mt phng ta Oxy cho ba im M(3; 2), N(-1; 3), P(-2; 1)
a) Tm ta im I sao cho IM 3IN 2IP 0 + + =


b) Tm ta im Q sao cho MNPQ l hnh bnh hnh
c) Tm ta giao im ca ng thng MN v trc Ox
d) Tm ta giao im ca ng thng NP vi ng thng y=x.
Bi 16: Trong mt phng ta Oxy cho ba im A(1; 3), B(4; 4), C(5; 1)
a) Chng minh rng 3 im A, B, C khng thng hng
b) Tm ta im D sao cho AB/ /CD v 2AB=CD
c) Tm ta giao im ca OB v AC.
Bi 17: Cho tam gic ABC c A(1; 2), B(2; 6), C(9; 8).
a) Tnh AB.AC

. Chng minh tam gic ABC vung ti A.
TRNG THPT NGUYN TH MINH KHAI

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b) Tm tm v bn knh ng trn ngoi tip tam gic ABC.
c) Tm to trc tm H v trng tm G ca tam gic ABC.
d) Tnh chu vi, din tch tam gic ABC.
e) Tm to im M trn Oy B, M, A thng hng.
f) Tm to im N trn Ox tam gic ANC cn ti N.
g) Tm to im D ABDC l hnh ch nht.
h) Tm to im K trn Ox AOKB l hnh thang y AO.
i) Tm to im T sao cho TA+2TB- 3TC = 0


k) Tm to im E i xng vi A qua B.
l) Tm to im I chn ng phn gic trong ti nh C ca ABC.
Bi 18: Trong mt phng ta Oxy cho ba im A(-1; 1), B(3; 2), C(2; -1)
a) Tnh AB.AC; BA.BM

trong M l trung im AC.
b) Tnh gc gia hai vecto AC

v BO

c) Tnh gc

CBA
d) Tm ta im D thuc Ox sao cho tam gic DBC cn ti D
e) Tm ta im E thuc ng thng x+y-2=0 bit E cch u cc im A
v B
f) Tm ta giao im (nu c) ca hai ng trn ng knh AB v CO.
Bi 19: Trong mt phng ta Oxy cho ba im A(1; 2), B(-2; 6), C(4; 2)
a) Chng minh rng A, B, C khng thng hang
b) Tm chn ng cao A k t A ca ABC
c) Tm ta trng tm G, trc tm H, tm ng trn ngoi tip I ca ABC .
Chng minh rng I, G, H thng hang
TRNG THPT NGUYN TH MINH KHAI

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d) Tnh chu vi, din tch S, bn knh R, r ca ng trn ngoi tip, ni tip
ABC .
Bi 20: Cho A(1; 2) v B(3; 4). Tm trn trc honh im M sao cho
a) (MA+MB) nh nht
b) MA MB ln nht.
Bi 21: Bit
2
sin x=
5
v 90 x 180 < <

. Tnh cc gi tr lng gic cn li ca gc x.
Bi 22: Bit tan x=2. Tnh
a) A=2sin x-3cos x
b)
4sin x 3cos x
B
3sin x 4cos x

c)
3
sin x cos x
C
sin x+cos x

=
Bi 23: Tnh gi tr cc biu thc sau
2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3
A sin 1 sin 2 ... sin 89 sin 90
B cos 1 cos 2 ... cos 179 cos 180
C tan1.tan2 ...tan88 .tan89
= + + + +
= + + + +
=




Bi 24: Chng minh cc biu thc sau khng ph thuc vo x
4 4 2 2
4 4 2 2 2
2 2
4 2 4 2
A sin x cos x 2sin x.cos x
B 2cos x sin x sin .cos x 3sin x
C (cot x t an x) (cot x tan x)
D sin x 4cos x cos x 4sin x
= + +
= + +
= +
= + + +

Bi 25: Cho ABC . Chng minh rng
a)
3
cos A cos B cos C
2
+ +
b)
3
cos 2A cos 2B cos 2C
2
+ + ( ABC nhn)
c)
3
cos 2A cos 2B cos 2C
2
+ ( ABC nhn)
d)
A B C 3
sin sin sin
2 2 2 2
+ +
TRNG THPT NGUYN TH MINH KHAI

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Bi 26: Cho tam gic ABC, trng tm G. Bit AB=2, BC=4, CA=3. Tnh
a) AB.AC

, suy ra cos A
b) AG.BC


c) GA.GB GB.GC GC.GA + +


d) Gi D l chn ng phn gic trong ca gc A. Tnh AD

theo AB, AC

; t
suy ra di AD.
Bi 27: Cho tam gic ABC c AB=4, AC=6 v

A 120 =


a) Tnh BC b) Tnh di trung tuyn AM
c) Gi I, J l cc im xc nh bi cc h thc: 2AI IB 0, JB 2JC 0 + = =

.
Tnh IJ.
Bi 28: Cho tam gic ABC. Chng minh rng
a)
( )
2 2 2
1
AB.AC AB AC BC
2
= +


b)
2 2 2
AB AC BC
cos A
2AB.AC
+
=
Bi 29: Trong tam gic ABC, A, B, C l chn cc ng cao h t A, B, C xung
BC, CA, AB; H l trc tm. Chng minh HA.HA' HB.HB' HC.HC' = =


Bi 30: Cho tam gic ABC c O l tm ng trn nga tip . Chng minh rng nu
OH OA OB OC = + +

th H l trc tm cu tam gic ABC.
Bi 31: Cho tam gic ABC. Chng minh H l trc tm tam gic ABC khi v ch khi
HA.HB HB.HC HC.HA = =

.


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