Instruct|ona| 1echno|ogy ract|ces

(G1 201L)
Group Coursework
Mu|t|med|a S||de resentat|on W|th owero|nt
Semester 12008]2009
repared for Drkoz|nah Iama|ud|n
n kohaya Abdu||ah
repared by
Noor Inayah b|nt| Abd Az|z (94834)
Nur Suhadah b|nt| khuza|n| (94871)
Shar|fah Nor A|da b|nt| Sayed Ahmad (94906)
EDD~DGERED ECCSSTER
W ln18CuuC1lCn Cl LnuAnCL8Lu LCCS?S1LM
W PuMAn AC1lvl1lLS 1PA1 LnuAnCL8Lu An
LCCS?S1LM
W lMAC1 Cl PuMAn AC1lvl1lLS Cn 1PL
LCCS?S1LM
W LllLC1 Cl unLAnnLu uLvLLCMLn1 Anu
MlSMAnACLMLn1 Cl 1PL LCCS?S1LM
W1rees are known Lo have sLablllsh lnfluence on Lhe
composlLlon of Lhe aLmosphere Lhe cllmaLe and Lhe
soll
Wnowadays Lrees are cuL down and foresL are cleared
aL a fasLer raLe Lhan Lhey are replaced Cur ecosysLem
are now ln danger
WMany negaLlve effecLs have begun Lo affecL Lhe llfe of
humans and oLher organlsms
WAs an lndlvldual you can choose Lo be a parL of
naLure and care for lL or be a desLroyer
WWhlch do you choose? Are you aware of Lhe
consequences of your cholce?
DTRCDDCTCD CE EDD~DGERED
ECCSSTER
PCML 8ACk
DR~D ~CTTES T~T EDD~DGERD
ECCSSTER
W 1he slze of Lhe human populaLlon has been rlslng exponenLlally 1he
effecL of human acLlvlLles on Lhe envlronmenL ls proporLlonal Lo Lhe
slze of Lhe human populaLlon
W Slnce older days human hunLed flshed and removed Lrees Lo make
shelLers Pumans Loo kepL anlmals such as sheep caLLle and goaLs
Lo graze on vasL areas of grasslands harmlng Lhe ecosysLem
W Puman cleared much foresL Lo provlde a greaLer area for
agrlculLure ConLlnue farmlng on Lhe same plece of land depleLes
Lhe land of nuLrlenLs Lhus formlng deserL when abandoned by
man
PCML 8ACk
W AL presenL humans have Lhe populaLlon slze Lechnology
and culLural lncllnaLlon Lo alLer Lhe ecosysLem lndusLrlal
revoluLlon expecLaLlon of beLLer llvlng condlLlons and beLLer
modes of LransporL has led Lo bulldlng of facLorles larger
clLles and more roads
W Among Lhe acLlvlLles LhaL endangered ecosysLem are
agr|cu|ture |ndustr|a||sat|on deforestat|on and
urban|sat|on
PCML 8ACk
RR~CT CE DR~D ~CTTES CD TE
ECCSSTER
W PunLlng of anlmals and harvesLlng of crops cause exLlncLlon of flora
and fauna
PCML
W use of pesLlcldes herblcldes and ferLlllsers ln agrlculLure lead
Lo populaLlon and harm Lhe organlsms ln Lhe farm
W 8ulldlng of facLorles for lndusLrlal purposes desLroys Lhe
foresL 8elease of gases such as carbon dloxlde sulphur
dloxlde and nlLrogen oxldes polluLe Lhe alr
W lncrease ln number of houses vehlcles glve rlse Lo a|r
po||ut|on water po||ut|on and no|se po||ut|on
PCML 8ACk
EEEECT CE DDRD~DDED DEEDCRREDT ~DD
RSR~D~GEREDT CE TE ECCSSTER
W uevelopmenL ls needed Lo lmprove Lhe quallLy of human's llfe ln Lhe
aspecLs of economy soclal physlcal Lechnology and educaLlon
W Lxpanslon of lndusLrles LransporL neLwork and oLher llvlng condlLlons are
carrled ouL aL Lhe expense of Lhe envlronmenL when Lhey are noL properly
planned and managed
W 1he effecLs of unplanned developmenL and mlsmanagemenL of Lhe
ecosysLem lnclude soll eroslon flash flood landsllde euLrophlcaLlon and
so on
W DLICkLS1A1ICN process a ma[or LhreaL Lo our foresL ueforesLaLlon ls Lhe
acL of clearlng of Lhe foresL by cuLLlng down Lrees for lLs valuable Llmber
and for bulldlng of roads houses and oLher uses lncludlng sLock rearlng
and agrlculLure
W When Lrees are cuL down Lhe soll surface ls exposed dlrecLly Lo Lhe force
of ralnfall 1he Lop mosL ferLlle layers geLs washed away causlng so||
eross|n
PCML
W Lroded soll may be deposlLed ln rlvers uurlng heavy raln
ralnwaLer flow qulckly lnLo rlvers because Lhere ls no reLenLlon
of waLer by Lhe rooLs of Lhe planLs uue Lo s||t|ng ln Lhe rlvers
Lhe waLer flow ls blocked WaLer flows lnland causlng f|ash
f|oods ln low land areas
W ueforesLaLlon and unplanned developmenL on slope may cause
soll erosln whlch leads Lo |ands||de
W Many speclse of organlsms are faclng ext|nct|on LhreaL when
Lhelr hablLaLs are belng cleared
W ln Lhe foresL waLer Laken ln by planLs ls losL Lhrough
LransplraLlon WaLer vapour condenses and preclplLaLes lnLo
raln When Lrees are cuL down Lhere ls a reducLlon of
LransplraLlon resulLlng ln fewer clouds and lesser ralnfall Lhe
area becomes hoLLer and drler
PCML 8ACk
W Clobal warmlng occurs when Lhe greenhouse gases slow down Lhe
loss of lnfrared radlaLlon from Lhe aLmosphere Lo Lhe spaces 1hls
calses an lncrease ln LemperaLure of Lhe aLmosphere
W Chorof|uorocarbons whlch are used ln Lhe maklng of aerosol cans
as coolanLs ln alr condlLloners as solvenLs ln elecLrlc lndusLry and ln
polysLyrene are responslble for ozone depleLlon
W 1he use of lndusLrlal and agrlculLural chemlcals and dumplng of
rubblsh lnLo rlver conLrlbuLe Lo waLer polluLlon Lutroph|cat|on ls a
resulL of Loo much of organlc salLs belng washed lnLo lakes
encouraglng Lhe growLh of algae 1hls wlll block Lhe sunllghL from
reachlng Lhe lnner depLh of Lhe lake
W PeaLed wasLe waLer from lndusLrlal planLs and bulldlng wlLh glass
panels and cause therma| po||ut|on
W A|r po||ut|on ls Lhe resulL of burnlng of fuels
PCML 8ACk
RCDDDTCD
W olluLlon ls an undeslrable change ln Lhe chemlcal physlcal or
blologlcal characLerlsLlcs of Lhe naLure
W olluLanL ls any subsLance LhaL ls presenL an an excesslve amounL ln
Lhe envlronmenL as a resulL of human acLlvlLles olluLanLs have
damaglng effecLs on our healLh 1hey are also harmful Lo oLher
llvlng organlsms
W 1here are four Lype of polluLanL Alr polluLlon waLer polluLlon
Lhermal polluLlon and nolse polluLlon
TRES CE RCDDDTCD
W Al8 CLLu1lCn
W WA1L8 CLLu1lCn
W 1PL8MAL CLLu1lCn
W nClSL CLLu1lCn
~R RCDDDTCD
W Alr polluLlon occurs when polluLanLs lncludlng smoke dlrL dusL and
polsonous gasesare released lnLo Lhe alr endangerlng human's llves
and oLher llvlng organlsms
W 1he sources of alr polluLlon are facLorles moLorlsed vehlcles
burnlng agrlculLure and uslng of aerosol cans alr condlLloner
refrlgeraLor
W olluLlon also affecLs agrlculLure bulldlngs and cllmaLe
W Carbon dloxlde sulphur dloxlde and nlLrogenoxldes form acldlc
soluLlon when dlssolve ln waLer Sulphur dloxlde oxldlses and reacL
wlLh waLer formlng sulphurlc acld whlle nlLrogen oxldes reacL wlLh
waLer Lo form nlLrlc acld Carbon dloxlde forms carbonlc acld wlLh
waLer
PCML
PCML 8ACk
~TER RCDDDTCD
W ulscharglng lndusLrlal wasLes agrlculLure wasLes domesLlc
wasLes and sewage lnLo rlvers CnLrlbuLlon Lo waLer
polluLlon
W 1hus causlng Lhe waLer Lo be un safe for human's
consumpLlon as well endangered Lhe llves of aquaLlc
organlsms
PCML
W Peavy menLal such as mercury and cadmlum from
lndusLrles are Loxlc LaLlng flsh conLamlnaLed wlLh mercury
may caused deaLh bllndness and even paralysls
W Cn Lhe oLher hand eaLlng food conLamlnaLed may caused
weakened or deformed bones
8ACk
EEEECT CE ~TER
RCDDDTCD.D
W LllLC1 Cl WA1L8 CLLu1lCn Cn PuMAn
PLAL1P
W LllLC1 Cl WA1L8 CLLu1lCn Cn LAn1S
Anu AnlMALS
EEEECT CE ~TER
RCDDDTCD CD DR~D
E~DT
W 8aw sewage ls llkely Lo conLaln paLhogens 1he vlbrlo bacLerla
cause cholera whereas salmonella bacLerla cause Lyphold
dlsease
W Lxcess unused ferLlllsers pesLlcldes and herblcldes washed
away by raln waLer lnLo rlvers from Lhe farms are dangerous Lo
human
W uloxln a Lype of herblcldes may cause mlscarrlages ln women
physlcal and menLal abnormallLles ln chlldren lncrease Lhe rlsk
of cancer and skln dlsoerder
PCML
EEEECT CE ~TER
RCDDDTCD CD RD~DTS ~DD
~DR~DS
W 8ubblsh and oll floaLlng on Lhe surface of Lhe waLer reduces Lhe
peneLraLlon of llghL and dlffuslon of oxygen from sLmosphere
W AquaLlc planLs and anlmal may dle due Lo lack of oxygen and llghL
W 8acLerla feeds on sewage 1hey grow and mulLlply qulckly uslng a loL of
oxygen from Lhe waLer CLher aquqLlc organlsms dle as a resulL of
decreaslng of oxygen concenLraLlon
W esLlcldes lnsecLlcldes and herblcldes presenL ln Lhe waLer may polson
Lhe flsh
PCML
W Cll splll ls a LhreaL Lo Lhe aquaLlc llves Cll wlll sLlck onLo Lhe
feaLhers of blrds Lhus prevenLlng Lhem for flylng When Lhe
blrds Lry Lo clean Lhelr feaLhers Lhey may swallow Lhe oll and
Lhls may klll Lhem lL also causes deaLh Lo blrds Lhrough
hypoLhermla
W Cll wlll cover Lhe gllls of flshes Lhus affecLlng Lhelr resplraLlon
W Mlneral salL from sewage and ferLlllsers deposlLed ln lakes or
lower reaches of rlvers encourage Lhe growLh of algae and
aquaLlc planLs
8ACk
DEC CE EDD~DGERED
ECCSSTER
W 1he densely populaLed algae and aquaLlc planLs cover Lhe waLer
surface Lo a polnL where llghL ls unable Lo peneLraLe lnLo Lhe
waLer
W 1he submerged algae and aquaLlc planLs ln Lhe lake are unable
Lo phoLosynLhesls and wlll dle due Lo Lhe lack of oxygen
W uecmposlLlon of Lhese dead organlsm by saprophyLlc bacLerla
causes a decrease ln oxygen conLenL ln Lhe waLer
W 1he whole process ls called euLrophlcaLlon
W LuLrophlcaLlon lncreasesLhe blochemlcal oxygen demand (8Cu)
value ln Lhe waLer
W 8Cu ls Lhe amounL of oxygen needed by mlcroorganlsms Lo
decompose Lhe organlc maLLer ln Lhe waLer
W 1he hlgher Lhe 8Cu Lhe more polluLed Lhe waLer
TERR~D RCDDDTCD
W 1hermal polluLlon ls caused by Lhe dlscharged of warm waLer from
lndusLrles generaLors ln power sLaLlon reacLor sLaLlons and
reflecLlon of heaL from glass bulldlng resulLlng ln excess heaL ln Lhe
envlronmenL
W Many lndusLrles use waLer foe coollng Lhe machlnes LlecLrlclLy
generaLlng sLaLlons use sLeam Lo drlve Lhe Lurblnes 1he warm
waLer ls dlscharged Lo rlvers aL a hlgher LemperaLure of 10c
W
W Warm waLer holds less oxygen 1hls effecLs Lhe llfe of a aquaLlc
organlsms Many aquaLlc organlsms move away from Lhe waLer
Some may even dle
PCML
DCSE RCDDDTCD
W When Lhe surroundlng nolse level reches 80 d8 or more lL causes
dlscomforL and affecLs Lhe human healLh WPC recommends
anolse level ofnoL more Lhan 33 d8
W When someone ls exposed Lo a nolselevel Lo 80 d8 or more or
along perlod of Llme he may suffer from headache emoylonal and
menLal dlsLurbances and ln cerLaln cases may cause defness
W Sources of nolse polluLlon are vehlcles [eL planes consLrucLlon
slLes enLerLalnmenL ouLleLs and machlnes
PCML
GREEDCDSE EEEECT ~DD
TDDDG CE TE C.CDE
D~ER
W GkLLNnCUSL LIILC1
W Lnergy from Lhe sun reaches Lhe earLh Lhrough radlaLlon
Some of Lhls radlaLlon ls absorbed by Lhe earLh Lo warm Lhe
surfaces of sea and land as Lhe earLh warms up heaL ln Lhe
form of lnfrared radlaLlon ls emlLLed back Lo Lhe space
W Powever much of Lhls radlaLlon ls prevenLed from escaplng Lo
Lhe space by cerLaln gases such as carbon dloxldemeLhane
1hese gases parLlcularly carbon dloxlde absorb Lhe lnfrared
radlaLlon As a resulL Lhe heaL ls radlaLed back Lo Lhe LarLh
surface warmlng Lhe earLh furLher
W hLLp//earLhguldeucsdedu/earLhgulde/dlagrams/greenhouse
/
GREEDCDSE EEEECT ~DD
TDDDG CE TE C.CDE
D~ER
W 1hls effecL ls slmllar Lo a greenhouse used ln farmlng lL ls usually found ln
LemperaLure counLrles whereby Lhe glass of Lhe greenhouse Lraps Lhe
heaL of Lhe sun Lo keep Lhe soll and alr warm
W 1he phenomena of over warmlng of Lhe earLh la known as a greenhouse
effecL
W 1he lncrease ln carbon dloxlde levels are due Lo combusLlon of fossll fulls
malnly coal and deforesLaLlon and open burnlng
W Some sclenLlsL predlcLed LhaL Lhe earLh LemperaLure cuold rlse 13oc Lo
430c by 2030
GREEDCDSE EEEECT ~DD
TDDDG CE TE C.CDE
D~ER
W WlLh Lhe Lhlnnlng of Lhe ozone layer more uv radlaLlon reaches Lhe earLh
surface 1he followlng are Lhe effecLs of ozone depleLlon on Lhe
envlronmenL lnclude lncrease ln surroundlng LemperaLure change ln
wlnd dlrecLlons change ln cllmaLe Cn planLs damage Lo crops due Lo over
exposure Lo uv and damage of Lhe phyLoplanLons Cn human healLh Lhey
wlll geL skln cancer caLaracL and weakened lmmune sysLem
TE EEEECTS CE GDCB~D
~RRDG ~RE.D
W 8lse ln a see level due Lo melLlng Lo lce
W llood lnlowlands
W CllmaLlc change
W uroughL
W ury and lnLerflle soll
TE RRCRT~DCE CE RRCRER
R~D~GEREDT CE DEEDCRREDT
~CTTES ~DD TE ECCSSTER
W uevelopmenL acLlvlLles musL be properly managed Lo proLecL Lhe
planLs and anlmals and Lo malnLaln a sLablebalanced
ecosysLemmeasures LhaL Laken lnclude lmplemenLaLlon of lzws Lo
reduce polluLlon use of Lechnology formal and lnformal educaLlon
sLersslng on Lhe concepL of recycllng Lo conserve nonrenewable
resources reduclng and reuslng preservaLlon and conservaLlon Lo
reduce envlronmenLal polluLlon and Lo proLecL planL and anlmal
specles especlally Lhose ln danger of exLlncLlon blologlcal conLrol
Lo reduce excesslve usage of pesLlces and efflclenL use of energy
and uslng renewable energy for example solar energy hydroelecLrlc
power and wlnd power
TE EDD