K tha

Ni dung
Vn s dng li S dng li bng k tha K tha trong Java
nh ngha lp k tha thm phng thc, thuc tnh kim sot truy cp constructor

Lp Object
Nguyn Vit H K tha 2

Ti liu tham kho

Thinking in Java, chapter 6 Java how to program, chapter 9

Nguyn Vit H

K tha

S dng li
Tn ti nhiu loi i tng c cc thuc tnh v hnh vi tng t hoc lin quan n nhau
Person, Student, Manager,

Xut hin nhu cu s dng li cc m ngun vit

S dng li thng qua copy S dng li thng qua quan h has_a S dng li thng qua c ch k tha
Nguyn Vit H K tha 4

S dng li
Copy m ngun
Tn cng, d nhm Kh sa li do tn ti nhiu phin bn

Quan h has_a
S dng lp c nh l thnh phn ca lp mi S dng li ci t vi giao din mi
Phi vit li giao din Cha mm do
Nguyn Vit H K tha 5

V d: has_a
class Person { private String name; private Date bithday; public String getName() { return name; } ... } class Employee { private Person me; private double salary; public String getName() { return me.getName(); } ... }
Nguyn Vit H K tha 6

class Manager { private Employee me; private Employee assistant; public setAssistant(Employee e) {...} ... } ... Manager junior = new Manager(); Manager senior = new Manager(); senior.setAssistant(junior); // error

Nguyn Vit H

K tha

K tha
Da trn quan h is_a Tha hng li cc thuc tnh v phng thc c Chi tit ha cho ph hp vi mc ch s dng mi
Thm cc thuc tnh mi Thm hoc hiu chnh cc phng thc

Nguyn Vit H

K tha

Thut ng
K tha Lp c s, lp cha Lp dn xut, lp con

Nguyn Vit H

K tha

K tha trong Java

[public] class DerivedClass extends BaseClass { /* new features goes here */ } V d: class Employee extends Person { private double salary; public boolean setSalary(double sal) { ... salary = sal; return true; } }

Nguyn Vit H

K tha

10

Person -name -birthday +setName() +setBirthday()

Employee e = new Employee(); e.setName("John"); e.setSalary(3.0);

Employee -salary +setSalary() +getDetail()

Nguyn Vit H

K tha

11

private members
class Employee extends Person { ... public String getDetail() { String s; // s = name + "," + birthday; s = getName() + "," + getBirthday(); s += "," + salary; return s; } }

Nguyn Vit H

K tha

12

Mc truy cp protected
m bo che du thng tin, thng thng cc thuc tnh c khai bo l private
i tng thuc lp dn xut phi truy cp ti chng thng qua cc phng thc get v set.

Mc truy cp protected gii quyt vn ny

i tng ca lp dn xut truy cp c cc protected members ca lp c s Cc i tng khc khng truy cp c
Nguyn Vit H K tha 13

public class Person { protected Date birthday; protected String name; ... } public class Employee extends Person { ... public String getDetail() { String s; s = name + "," + birthday; s += "," + salary; return s; } }

Nguyn Vit H

K tha

14

Cc mc kim sot truy cp

Modifier private package (default) protected public Same class Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Same package Subclass Universe

Nguyn Vit H

K tha

15

Trong cng gi

public class Person { Date birthday; String name; ... }

public class Employee extends Person { ... public String getDetail() { String s; s = name + "," + birthday; s += "," + salary; return s; } }
Nguyn Vit H K tha 16

Khc gi

package abc; public class Person { protected Date birthday; protected String name; ... }

import abc.Person; public class Employee extends Person { ... public String getDetail() { String s; s = name + "," + birthday; s += "," + salary; return s; } }
Nguyn Vit H K tha 17

nh ngha li cc phng thc

Chng ta c th nh ngha li cc phng thc ca lp c s i tng ca lp dn xut s hot ng vi phng thc mi ph hp vi n C th ti s dng phng thc cng tn ca lp c s bng t kha super

Nguyn Vit H

K tha

18

V d

package abc; public class Person { protected Date birthday; protected String name; public String getDetail() {...} ... }

import abc; public class Employee extends Person { ... public String getDetail() { String s; s = super.getDetail() + "," + salary; return s; } }
19

Nguyn Vit H

K tha

nh ngha li phng thc

Phi c quyn truy cp khng cht hn phng thc c nh ngha li Phi c kiu gi tr tr li nh nhau

Nguyn Vit H

K tha

20

class Parent { public void doSomething() {} public int doSomething2() { return 0; } } class Child extends Parent { protected void doSomething() {} public void doSomething2() {} }

Nguyn Vit H

K tha

21

Tha k nhiu tng

Person -name -birthday +setName +setBirthday

Mi i tng u tha k t lp gc Object

Employee -salary +setSalary +getDetail -id ...

Student

Manager -rank ...

Programmer -project ...

Nguyn Vit H

K tha

22

Constructor
Lp dn xut k tha mi thuc tnh v phng thc ca lp c s Khng k tha phng thc khi to C hai gii php gi constructor ca lp c s
s dng constructor mc nh gi constructor ca lp c s mt cch tng minh
Nguyn Vit H K tha 23

class Point { protected int x, y; public Point() {} public Point(int xx, int yy) { x = xx; y = yy; } } class Circle extends Point { protected int radius; public Circle() {} } Point p = new Point(10, 10); Circle c1 = new Circle(); Circle c2 = new Circle(10, 10); // erorr
Nguyn Vit H K tha 24

Gi constructor ca lp c s
Vic khi to thuc tnh ca lp c s nn giao ph cho constructor ca lp c s S dng t kha super gi constructor ca lp c s
Constructor ca lp c s bt buc phi c thc hin u tin Nu lp c s khng c constructor mc nh th bt buc phi gi constructor tng minh
Nguyn Vit H K tha 25

class Point { protected int x, y; public Point() {} public Point(int xx, int yy) { x = xx; y = yy; } } class Circle extends Point { protected int radius; public Circle() {} public Circle(int xx, int yy, int r) { super(xx, yy); radius = r; } }
Nguyn Vit H K tha 26

class Point { protected int x, y; public Point(int xx, int yy) { x = xx; y = yy; } } class Circle extends Point { protected int radius; public Circle() { super(0, 0); } public Circle(int xx, int yy, int r) { super(xx, yy); radius = r; } }

Nguyn Vit H

K tha

27

class Point { protected int x, y; public Point() {} public Point(int xx, int yy) { x = xx; y = yy; } } class Circle extends Point { protected int radius; public Circle() { } public Circle(int xx, int yy, int r) { // super(xx, yy); radius = r; } }
Nguyn Vit H K tha 28

Th t khi to
class Point { protected int x, y; public Point() { System.out.println("Point constructor"); } } class Circle extends Point { protected int radius; public Circle() { System.out.println("Circle constructor"); } } ... Circle c = new Circle();

Nguyn Vit H

K tha

29

T kha final
Thuc tnh final
hng s, ch c gn gi tr khi to mt ln, khng thay i c gi tr

Phng thc final

khng cho php nh ngha li lp dn xut

Tham s final
khng thay i c gi tr ca tham chiu

Lp final
khng nh ngha c lp dn xut
30

Nguyn Vit H

K tha