¢. abbr. 1. CIRCA. 2. COPYRIGHT, ea. abbr. CIRCA. cabal (ko-bal or ko-bahl). A small group of political schemers or conspirators. ¢ The term is sometimes said to have originated as an acronym from a committee of five ministers of Charles IT, whose surnames began with C, A, B, A, and L (Clifford, Arlington, Buckingham, Ashley, and Lauderdale). Though colorful, this etymology is false: the term came into English directly from the French cabale “intrigue,” which derives ultimately from Hebrew gabba- lah “received lore.” cabala (kab-o-lo or ke-bahl-a). An esoteric or obscure doctrine. eaballeria — (kah-bah-ye-ree-ah), [Spanish] Spanish law. An allotment of land in regions formerly conquered by Spain, such as Mexico and the southwestern United States. ¢ Origi- nally a Spanish feudal tenure held by a soldier, a caballeria eventually came to refer to an area of land. It usu. measures 100 by 200 feet in the United States, and between 30 and 200 acres in Mexico and other former Spanish territories. cabinet. (often cap.) The advisory council to an executive officer, esp. the President. ¢ The President's cabinet is a creation of custom and tradition, dating back to the term of George Washington. The U.S. Constitution alludes to a group of presidential advisers — the President “may require the Opinion, in writing, of the principal Officer in each of the executive De- partments, upon any Subject relating to the Duties of their respective Offices” (art. II, § 2, cl. 1) — but the term cabinet is not specifically mentioned. The cabinet today comprises the hheads of the 14 executive departments: the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Trea- sury, the Secretary of Defense, the Attorney General, the Secretary of the Interior, the Sec- retary of Agriculture, the Secretary of Com- merce, the Secretary of Labor, the Secretary of Health and Human Services,’ the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, the Secre- tary of Transportation, the Secretary of Ener- gy, the Secretary of Education, and the Secre- 194 tary of Veterans Affairs. Other officials, such as the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations and the director of the Office of Management and the Budget, have been accorded cabinet rank. inner cabinet. The heads of the depart- ments of State, Treasury, Defense, and Jus- tice. @ This group is so called because in most administrations they tend to be closer to the President and more influential than the rest of the cabinet (the outer cabinet). kitchen cabinet. An unofficial and informal body of noncabinet advisers who often have more sway with the executive than the real cabinet does. @ This term was first used deri- sively in reference to some of President, An- drew Jackson's advisers, who, because of their reputation for unpolished manners, were supposedly not important enough to meet in the formal rooms of the White House. “The term (kitchen cabinet] bogan to lose its sting after Jackson's time, But because most Presidents do have circles of personal friends, the idea remains. Theodore Roosevelt had his ‘tennis cabinet.” Jonathan Daniels referred to Warren Harding's ‘poker cabinet.’ Herbert Hoover had an exerciseloving ‘medicine ball cabinet.” ‘Even governors can play the game. In writing of New York’s Alfred Smith, Ea Flynn mentions the ‘going cabinet.” William Safire, Sofire’s New Political Ditio- nary 389 (1998) cabotage (kab-o-tij). Int'l law. 1. The carrying ‘on of trade along a country’s coast; the trans- port of goods or passengers from one port. or place to another in the same country. @ The privilege to carry on this trade is usu. limited to vessels flying the flag of that country. 2. The privilege of carrying traffic between two ports in the same country. 3. The right of a foreign airline to carry passengers and cargo between airports in the same country. “Cabotage meant originally navigation and trade slong the samo stretch of coast between the parts thereof, such const belonging to one and the same State. However, the term cabolage or coasting trade as used in commercial treaties comprises now sea trade between any two parts of the same country, whether on the same coasts of Afferent coasts, provided always thatthe different coasts are all of them the coasts of one and the same country as 4 political and geographical unit in contra-dstinction to the coasts of colonies oF dominions of such counties.” 1 FLL. Oppenheim, International Law 493 (Hersch Lauter ed, 8th ed, 1955),195 “Some writers maintain (that eabotage) should be ap- plied only to maritime navigation; inthis context one can distinguish between petit cabotage — transport between ports situated on the same sen (eg. Bordeaux-Le Havre) — and grand eabotage — transport between ports situated on different seas (eg, Borleaux-Mare eille). However, the term is also properly applied to transport between two inland points on an international river within one State, although the term grand cabotage is sometimes incorrectly applied to transnational trans- port between the inland ports of different riparian States on the same waterway. River eabotage properly so called is sometimes also referred to as local transport. Finally, the term has also been adopted to deseribe commercial air transport between airports situated in the same State.” Robert C. Lane, “Cabotage,” in 1 Eneyelopedia of Publie International Law 519-20 (1992) ca’canny strike. See STRIKE. cacicazgos (kah-see-kahs-gohs). Land held in entail by caciques (leaders of Indian villages) and their descendants in Spanish America. cadastre (ko-das-tor). A survey and valuation of real estate in a county or region compiled for tax purposes. — Also spelled cadaster. cadena (ks-deen-a). (Spanish “‘chain”] Spanish Jaw. Imprisonment; formerly, confinement. at hard labor while chained from waist to ankle. cadena perpetua. Life imprisonment. cadena temporal. Imprisonment for a term less than life, cadere (kad-o-ree). [Latin “to fail""] Hist. 1. To end, cease, or fail. @ This term usu. refers to the failure of a writ action. Cadit breve, for example, means “the writ fails.” 2. To be changed or turned into. @ Cadit assisa in jura- tum means “the assise is changed into a jury.” caduca (ko-dlyloo-ko). [Latin “fallen things”) 1. Civil law. Inheritable property; property de- scending to an heir. 2. Roman law. Property formerly belonging to an intestate owner who has died without heirs or to someone who has suffered forfeiture for crime. @ The property escheated to the state. See ESCHEAT. 3. Roman Jaw. Testamentary gifts that lapse. See LAPSE. cadueary (ka-dlyloo-ko-ree). (Of a bequest or estate) ‘subject to, relating to, or by way of escheat, lapse, or forfeiture of property caduce (ko-dlyloos), ub. To take by escheat or lapse . calendar caducity (ko-dlyloo-so-tee), n. The lapse of a testamentary gift . caeteris paribus. See CETERIS PARIBUS. caeteris tacentibus. See CETERIS TACENTIBUS. caeterorum administration. See ADMINISTRA. TION. canst. Cost, assurance, and freight. @ This term is ‘synonymous with CLF. “(Tina French contrac the term "CA. does not mean “Cost and Freight’ but has exactly the came meaning as the term ‘CLE, since it is merely the French equivalent of that term. The ‘A’ docs not stand for “and” but for ‘assurance, which means insurance.” Wiliam D. Hawk: land, Uniform Commercial Code Series § 2-320 (1984). cafeteria plan. An employee fringe-benefit plan allowing a choice of basic benefits up to a certain dollar amount. cahoots (ko-hoots). Slang. Partnership, esp. in an illegal act; collusion . Cairns’s Act (kairn-zoz). Hist. An 1858 statute that expanded the relief available in England’s chancery courts to include monetary damages in addition to injunctive relief. @ Cairns’s Act was superseded by the Judicature Acts of 1873-1875. — Also spelled Cairns’ Act. Cf. sU- DICATURE ACTS. Calandra rule (ko-lan-dra). The doctrine that a grand-jury witness may be compelled to an- swer questions about certain items, even though the items were obtained by the police illegally. United States v. Calandra, 414 US. 338, 94 S.Ct. 613 (1974). calendar, n. 1. A systematized ordering of time into years, months, weeks, and days; esp., the Gregorian calendar established by Pope Grego- ry XITI in 1582 and adopted in Great Britain in 1752. @ The Gregorian calendar is used throughout the Western world. Gregorian calendar. See NEW STYLE. Julian calendar. See OLD STYLE. 2. A court's list of civil or criminal cases. court calendar. See COURT CALENDAR. special calendar. A calendar marked with court cases that have been specially set forcalendar hearing or trial. See special setting under SET. TING. 3. A list of bills reported out of a legislative committee for consideration by the entire leg- islature, calendar, vb. 1. To place an important event on a calendar, esp. so that the event will be re- membered. 2. To place a case on a calendar. calendar call. A court session in which the Judge calls each case awaiting trial, determines its status, and assigns a trial date. calendar day. See Day. calendar month. See MONTH. calendar motion. See MOTION. calendar year. See YEAR. ealends (kal-endz). Roman law. In the ancient Roman calendar, the first day of the month. — Also spelled kalends. Cf. NONES. call, n. 1. A request or command to come or assemble; an invitation or summons. 2. A de- mand for payment of money. margin call. A securities broker's demand that a customer put up money or stock as collateral when the broker finances a pur- chase of securities. © A margin call usu. oc- curs when the market prices of the securities are falling. — Also termed maintenance call. 8. See call option under OPTION. 4. A demand for the presentation of a security (esp. a bond) for redemption before the maturity date. 5. A landmark designating a property boundary. The landmarks are chosen by the surveyor and recorded in his field notes or in the accompa- nying deed. See METES AND BOUNDS. call, vb. 1. To summon. 2. To demand payment of money. 3. To redeem (a bond) before maturi- ty. callable, adj. (Of a security) redeemable by the issuing corporation before maturity. See RE- DEMPTION. callable bond. See redeemable bond under BOND @. callable preferred stock. See STOCK. 196 callable security. See redeemable security un- der SECURITY. called meeting. See special meeting under MEETING, call equivalent position. Securities. A security position that increases in value as the value of the underlying equity increases. @ It includes a long convertible security, a long call option, and a short put option. SEC Rule 16a-1(b) (17 CFR § 240.16a-1(b)). calling to the bar. See CALL 70 THE BAR. call loan. See LOAN. call option. See oPT10N call patent. See PATENT (2) call premium. The percentage amount of a bond’s face value that a company pays, along with the face value, to redeem a callable bond; the difference between a bond’s call price and its par value. call price. See Price, call-protection clause. A clause in a bond is- sue or a callable preferred stock issue prohibit- ing the issuer from recalling the security dur- ing a specified period. call to the bar, n. The admission of a person to practice law. @ This common phrase is a loan translation of the Latin ad barram evocatus (“called to the bar”). See AD BARRAM EVOCA- TUS. — Also termed calling to the bar. calumniae judicium (ko-lom-nee-ce joo-dish- ee-om). [Latin “action for vexation’’] Roman law. A countersuit that a defendant maliciously sued could bring after winning a judgment in the principal action. — Also spelled calumniae iudicium, calumniae jusjurandum (ka-lom-nee-¢e jas-jo- ran-dom). {Law Latin “oath of calumny”) Ro- ‘man law. An oath given by a litigant that he is not suing or defending vexatiously. calumniate (ko-lom-nee-ayt), vb. To slander or make false charges against. calumny (kal-om-nee), n. Archaic. 1. The act of maliciously misrepresenting someone's words or actions in a way that is calculated to injure