1.

The definition to luminosity is the measure of how much light is given off by an
object rather than how it appears to be, which would be the brightness. This
concept is important because if we were to measure the brightness of a star,
even though in actuality a star that is farther away may be brighter, a closer but
dimmer star would appear brighter. That is why the concept of Luminosity is
important for the understanding of stars.
2. A star can either be closer than the other star so that it may appear to be brighter
than the other, or there are two side by side stars, and one just happens to have a
higher luminosity.
3. A star that is cool starts at the bottom colour which is red, and as the star gets
hotter the star turns from red to orange to blue to purple to ultra violet where we
cant see it with our bare eyes. We can then classify the temperature of the star
by colour knowing what colour indicates what temperature.
4. The instrument used by astronomers are called Spectrometers. They are used to
identify the properties of materials. The variable that is usually measured is the
intensity of the light but it can also be the polarization state. The spectrometer
can be used to tell us what the chemical compound of a star is which is usually
Helium, Hydrogen and such.
5. It’s a graphing system in which it places dimmer stars at the bottom to brighter
stars and the top and hotter and blue stars to the left while the cooler and redder
stars to the right. It allows astronomers to classify stars in a graph that allows
them to find patterns, similarities and comparison basis in their research.
6. The cooler star may either be larger than the hotter star, or the cooler star may
be closer than the hotter star, the combined factors may make the star extremely
bright compared to the hotter one which may be either farther or smaller than
the other.