=tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

Xh; Ma;T
ghfk; 3

Mq;fpy%yk;

jpU lhf;lh; H.J. Mr;rhh;

thq;fy; lhf;lh;

f&h;
1972

jkpohf;fk;

tR=

=fpU\;zh gjpg;gfk;
NkhfD}h;

thq;fy; lhf;lh;

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

thq;fy; lhf;lh; mth;fSf;F

rkh;g;gzk;
%d;whtJ Kiwahf kPz;Lk; thrfh;fisr; re;jpf;Fk; tha;g;ig ey;fpa gfthd; = fpU\;zUf;F ed;wp. %d;whk; ghfk;> rpf;fd eltbf;iff;fhff; nfhQ;rk; Fiwj;Jk;> lhf;lh; nfhQ;rk; khw;wpAk;> Mq;fpy %yj;jpYs;s vd;W fUg;nghUis Mr;rhh; ek;GfpNwhk;. khw;whky; mth;fs; nkhopngah;f;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. mUshrp toq;Fthh;

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

-2-

vdJ ,e;jg; Gdpj Kaw;rpapy; xj;Jioj;J jd;idAk; <LgLj;jpf;nfhz;l mUik ez;gh; jpU.gd;dPh;nry;tj;jpw;Fg; gfthd; =fpU\;zh; vy;yh eyd;fisAk; mUsg; gpuhh;j;jpf;fpd;Nwd;.

tR=

,lk;

: NkhfD}h;

Njjp : 26.10.2011

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

-3-

tpehafh; Jjp
jpUthf;Fk; nra;fUkk; if$l;Lk; nrQ;nrhw; ngUthf;Fk; gPLk; ngUf;Fk; - cUthf;Fk; Mjyhy; thNdhUk; Mid Kfj;jidf; fhjyhy; $g;Gth; jk;if.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

-4-

nghUslf;fk;
t.vz;
tpehafh; Jjp flTs; tho;j;J

nghUs;

g. vz;
4 7 10 10 10 12 14 16 17 20 23 28 30 32 34 36 39 41 46 50 51 52 54 61 65

Kj;jhd fUj;Jf;fs;
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 gpugQ;r%yk; gfthdpd; topKiwfs;; mopf;Fk; MAjq;fs; ke;jpu NjtijfSf;fhd mjpfhuk; ke;jpuq;fspd; rhpahd cr;rhpg;G k`hjgh: (jtq;fs;) ,wg;G vDk; mhpa epfo;r;rp KOtJk; Ghpe;J nfhs;sNt ,ayhj jd;ik tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpYs;s tpjpKiwfs; ,Wkhg;ig mlf;FtJ vg;gb? Nfhgj;ij mlf;FtJ vg;gb? k`hNj[h: (678) Ntj;a: (165) nja;t ePjp tp\k;: ]_d;a: (748-749) tpjpAk;> jd;dpr;irahd tpUg;gKk; gpwg;G> ,wg;G> %g;Gf;nfy;yhk; mg;ghw;gl;lth; ]e;epah]k; ];U\;b - Roy;jj;Jtk; moF - ]{e;ju: 797 ]`];uehkhtpy; jha;g;ghrk; nja;tPfg; Nghpd;gk; gfthDldhd neUf;fk;

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

-5-

t.vz;

nghUs;
]`];uehkhtpd; epiwT

g. vz;
66 69 77 83 87 90 92 95 96 100 103 106 108 110 115 117 119

IV

1.jh;khpd; 6 Nfs;tpfSk; mjd;tpilfSk; 2. cUt topthL 3. tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpy; jh;kk; jd;idr;Rw;wp tp\;Z Nghl;Lf; nfhz;Ls;s Ntyp ek;gpf;ifaw;wth;fis ]`];uehkh vg;gb mZFfpwJ? nja;t ek;gpf;ifAs;sth;fSf;F kq;fs epiwT tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpy; Mjpj;a `;Ujak; = tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk; - ghuhaz tpjpfs; hp\pfshy; Gfo;e;Jghlg;gl;l rpy thpfs; Mj;k e~j;u khyh k`j;khyh 1.jpt;aehkhf;fspd; kfpik 2.neQ;rj;J mfk; ef el;gJ el;G 3.,aw;ifia kPwpa mw;Gjk; KbTiu

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

-6-

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

flTs; tho;j;J

,Uspwpar; Rlh;kzpfs; ,ikf;Fk; new;wp ,dj;Jj;jp mzpgzkhapuq;fshh;e;j muturg; ngUQ;Nrhjp mde;jndd;Dk; mzptpsq;Fk; cah;nts;is mizia Nktpj; jpUtuq;fg; ngUefUs; njz;zPh; nghd;dp jpiuf;ifahy; mbtUlg; gs;sp nfhs;Sk; fUkzpiaf; Nfhksj;ijf; fz;L nfhz;L vd; fz;zpizfs; vd;WnfhNyh fspf;Fk; ehNs

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

-7-

=tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

Xh; Ma;T - ghfk; 3
(g;ugQ;r %yj;ijg;gw;wpa Kj;jhd fUj;Jld; %d;whk; ghfj;ijj; njhlq;FKd;> thq;fy; lhf;lh; mth;fs; jdJ E}ypy; gpw;Nrh;f;ifahfj; je;jpUf;Fk; xU tp\aj;ij ,g;nghONj nrhy;yptpLtJ nghUj;jkhf ,Uf;Fk; vd;W epidf;fpNwd; - tR=)

gj;kfh;g: gj;kehg:
= tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpy; gj;kfh;g:Tk; gj;kehg:Tk; tUk;NghJ ];U\;b jj;Jtk; tpsf;fg;gLfpwJ. Foe;ij jdJ njhg;G+o;nfhb %yk; jhkiu tbtpYs;s (gj;kk;) PLACENTA vDk; cWg;gpd; topahfj; jhAld; njhlh;Gnfhs;fpwJ. jhkiuiaj; jhq;Fk; mjd; fhk;GNghy> Foe;ijapd; (ehgp:) njhg;G+Old; njhg;G+o;f;nfhb ,izf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. gj;kfh;g: gj;kehg: Mfpa thh;j;ijfisg; Nghd;Nw G+fh;g: `puz;afh;g;g: =fh;g: uj;dfh;g: `puz;aehg: uj;dehg: Mfpa thh;j;ijfSk; gfthdpd; ];U\;bia tpsq;f itf;fpd;wd. gfthdpd; (khjt:) jha;g;ghrj;ij ,it nrhy;fpd;wd. (G+fh;g: khjt: khjNth kJ: khjNth gf;jthj;]y:) gdpf;Flk; vd;W nrhy;yg;gLfpd;w [t;thyhd Flj;jpDs; cs;s ePhpy;> jhapd; fh;g;gg;igapy; Foe;ij Rfkhf tsh;fpwJ. me;j ePhpy; kpje;J nfhz;Nl ,Uf;fpwJ.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

-8-

,g;nghOJ nfhs;Sq;fs;.

=ke;ehuhazid

epidj;Jf;

MNgh ehuh ,jpg;Nuhf;jh MNghit eu]{et: jh aj];ahaek; G+h;tk; j];khj; ehuhaz: ];k;Uj: ghw;flypy; gs;spnfhz;bUf;Fk; =ke;ehuhazpd;

njhg;G+opypUe;J jhd; jhkiuf; nfhb Gwg;gl;L> jhkiug;G+ G+j;J> me;jg; G+ ];U\;b fh;j;jhthd gpuk;khitj; jhq;FfpwJ. ,e;jr; rpj;jpuj;Jld; xUjhapd; tapw;wpypUf;Fk; Foe;ijia xg;gpl;Lg; ghUq;fs;.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

-9-

Kj;jhd fUj;Jf;fs; 1.gpugQ;r%yk;

tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpd; Kd;Diuapy; re;jpuDf;F vJ %yNkh mJNt tp\;Z gP[k;) r`];uehkhTf;Fk; [hj %yk; (mk;Ujhk; ]{j;gNth vd;W kdN]h nrhy;yg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. vd;fpwJ.

GU\]{f;jk;

re;j;ukh

mg;gbnad;why; gfthdpd; vz;zk; my;yJ mtuJ rf;jp tha;e;j kd]q;fy; gj;jpdhy;jhd; re;jpud; Njhd;wpdhd; vd;W nghUs;. vdNt tp];tk; vd;W nrhy;yg;gLfpw ,e;j gpugQ;r ntspg;ghL gfthdpd; vz;zk; vd;fpw rf;jpahy;jhd; Njhd;wpaJ. tp];tfh;kh kE: (50-51) vd;W tp\;Z ]`];uehkh nrhy;yp ,ij cWjpg;gLj;JfpwJ. ke;ehj; kE: vd;fpw me;j rpe;jidahsh;jhd; gpugQ;rj;jpd; ];U\;bfh;j;jh : mtNu gpugQ;r %yk;.

2. gfthdpd; topKiwfs; ;

mopf;Fk; MAjq;fs;;
Mfhuk; (md;dk;) fhw;W (thj:) kio (th;\k;) mopf;Fk;

Mfpatw;iwf;$l

gfthd;

jd;Dila

MAjq;fshfg; gad;gLj;jyhk; (Na\hk; md;dk; thj: th;\k; ,\t: - = Uj;uh) ]h;tg;u`uzhAj: vd;W nrhd;dJld; epy;yhky; =tp\;Z ]`];uehkh gfthdpd; mopf;Fk; topKiwfis> m`: ]k;th;jf: t`pep: mepy: juzPju:
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 10 -

vd;W ]k;g;ukh;je: (233) vd;fpw thh;j;ijf;F mEge;jkhf mikj;J jdpj;jdpahf tpthpf;fpwJ. = rq;fuhpd; ]k;g;ukh;je:Tf;fhd tpsf;fk; =Uj;uk;> kw;Wk; tp\;Z]`];uehkhtpy; mike;Jtpl;lJ. m`:Tf;Fk; nrhy;yg;gl;bUg;gtw;iw ]k;af; g;ukh;jajp nfhLf;fg; vy;yhk;> jd;Ds; nfhz;bUg;gjhy; mJ kpfkpf Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;jjhf nfhLf;fpwhh;. Uj;ufhyhj;ahgp: tpG+jp gphpjp ]k;g;ukh;je: vd;W mth; tpsf;fk; ]k;th;jf:Tf;Fk; gl;bUf;Fk; tpsf;fj;jpd; nghUs; vspjpy; tise;J nfhLf;ff; $ba jd;ikiaAilaJ. nkhop mfuhjpg;gb ,jd; nghUs; #hpad; fhyj;jpd; msitr; taJ #hpad; Fwpg;gjhy; fhyk; (Uj;ufhyhj;ahgp) #hpad;jhd; fUjg;gLfpwJ. Neuk;> Mfpatw;iw cs;slf;fpa

,aw;ifapd; mopf;Fk; topfs; vd;W th;zpf;fg;glyhk;. NkYk; kionga;tjw;fhd (#hpad; fgp: vd;Wk; %yfhuzkhff; miof;fg;gLfpwJ)

m`:Tk;> ]k;th;j;jf:Tk; =Uj;uj;jpy; nrhy;yg;gLk; th;\k; vd;fpw kioiaf; Fwpf;fpwJ. t`;ep:Ak; mepy:Tk; jPahfTk;> GayhfTk; khwp mopthAjq;fshfptpLfpd;wd. juzPju: tpd; nry;thf;fhy; G+fk;gq;fs; Vw;gLfpd;wd. ]{g;u]hj:Tk; thh;j;ijfisj; KiwfSk; gfthDila g;u]e;ehj;khTk; ,e;j mDf;u`k; ngw;w Nkw;nrhd;d vy;yh mopf;Fk; ghpzhkj;

njhlh;fpd;wd.

Njhw;wq;fSf;fhd Mrpfshf Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ngWfpd;wd.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 11 -

3. ke;jpu NjtijfSf;fhd mjpfhuk;

xU Fwpg;gpl;l Njtij> xU Fwpg;gpl;l ke;jpuj;jhy; th;zpf;fg;gLfpwJ my;yJ njhog;gLfpwJ. MNgh`p\;l;l ke;jpuj;jpd; Njtij Mg: fhaj;hP ke;jpuj;jpd; Njtij ]tpjh. Mdhy; ]e;jpahte;jdj;jpd; ]{h;a];Nrjp ke;jpuj;jpy; ]{h;a: khkd;A: kd;Agja: uhj;hp: vd;W ehd;F Njtijfs; cs;sd. ,q;F uhj;hp: #hpad; kd;A:itg; my;yJ vd;why; (Nfhgk;) m`:it Njtijahff; vd;W nfhs;syhk;. ke;jpuk; ,af;Fgtd; gw;wpr; ,jd;

fhaj;hpke;jpuk; Fwpg;ghfj; njhptpf;fpwJ. mNjNghy; ,e;j nrhy;tjhy; khkd;A:itAk;> <LgLj;jg;gl kd;Agja:itAk; fhyNjtjh: Njtijfshff; (uhj;hp:

nfhs;syhk;. ghgq;fs; ghgtpNkhrdq;fs; Mfpatw;Wf;fhf epakpf;fg;gl;bUg;gjhy; kw;Wk; m`:) rpukk; Vw;gl;lhYk; ]`];uehkh Rygkhf vg;gb ,e;jg; gpur;rpidiaj; jPh;j;Jitf;fpwJ vd;gijg; ghh;g;Nghk;. m`: ]k;tj;]u: t;ahs: g;uj;aa: ]h;tjh;]e: (91-95) m`: (t;ahs:vd;fpw ]k;tj;]u: ghk;G ,q;F t;ahs:thd fhy:Tf;fhf tOf;Fk; epw;fpwJ. t;ahs:it KOikahfg; Ghpe;Jnfhs;s KbahJ ,aw;ifapNyNa Rygkhf jd;ikAilajhifahy; thh;j;ijahd mijg;gpbf;fKbahJ). ,e;j tpopg;Gzh;r;rp

g;uj;a: vd;why; g;uf;Qhe:- mjhtJ tpopg;Gzh;r;rp - mLj;j ]h;tjh;]e:thy;

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 12 -

tsh;fpwJ. fhy: jhd;

]h;tjh;]e: ghttpidfs;

vy;yhtw;iwAk; cs;spl;l ekJ

ghh;g;gth;: vy;yhr;

vy;yhtw;Wf;Fk; rhl;rpahf ,Ug;gth; RUf;fkhfr; nrhd;dhy; nray;fSf;Fk; rhl;rpahf ,Uf;fpwJ. vdNt xU ghtp> tpNkhrdk; ngwtpUk;gpdhy; mtd; mZfNtz;ba rhpahd egh; fhy:jhd; . ,Nj fUj;J UJ: ]{jh;]e: fhy: guNk\;l;b ghpf;u`: cf;u: ]k;tj;]u: Kd;G ]h;tjh;]e: ,g;nghOJ - (417-423) ]{jh;]e: mNj vd;fpw thpfspy; jpUk;gTk; nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ. ]k;tj;]u: ,uz;L ,lq;fspYk; tUfpwJ. ,g;gbahfg; ghh;g;gtUk;> rhl;rpahf epw;gtUk; fhy:jhd; vd;gJ kPz;Lk; typAWj;jg;gLfpwJ. kpf cah;e;j ];jhdj;jpy; ,Ue;J nfhz;L vy;yhtw;iwAk; ghh;f;Fk; gfthd; guNk];l;b. =rq;fuh; guNk\;l;bia [Pthj;khtpy; fhz;fpwhh;. (`;Ujah fhN]];jhJk;) nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ. ngwg;gLgth; xU ghtp> ,Wjpahf fhy:jhd; fhy:jhd; ,q;F ey;yNjh ngw guj;aa: ghpf;u`:nfl;lNjh fhy: mjhtJ mjhtJ ekJ tpopg;Gzh;r;rp - ,g;nghOJ ,e;j ,lj;jpy; [Pthj;kh vd;W mth;jhd;

fh;ktpidfisg; ngw;W mjw;Fj; jf;f gyd;fisj; jUgth;. ghttpNkhrdk; vd;gJ itj;jhd; mZfNtz;Lk; nghUj;jkhd ghpf;u`:Tf;Fg; itg;gij ,g;NghJ vd;W njspthfptpl;ljy;yth? fUjyhk;. ]`];uehkh itAk; fhy:Tk;

Mifahy; uhj;hp:Ak;> m`:Tk;jhd; ]{h;a];Nrjp ke;jpuj;jpw;Fg; Njtijfs; gpwF cf;u:itAk; ]k;tj;]u:

kPz;Lk;

ftdpAq;fs;.

]k;tj;]u:Tk;

xd;Nw: cf;u:Tk; kd;A:Tk; xd;Nw.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 13 -

4. ke;jpuq;fspd; rhpahd cr;rhpg;G ];g\;gp~u: ke;j;u: (280)

xU nghpa cz;ikia epWTtjw;fhd> cWjpahd xU fhuzj;jpw;fhfj;jhd; thh;j;ijfisr; rhpahf rhpahf ,e;j ,uz;L gfthd; thh;j;ijfSk; xUtuhy;jhd; NtW ahuhYk; me;j N[hbNrh;f;fg;gl;bUf;fpd;wd.

cr;rhpf;fKbAk;. kw;wth;fshy;

KbahJ. gfthd; xUth; kl;LNk ke;j;u: vd;fpw thh;j;ijiar; cr;rhpf;f KbAk;. KbahJkw;wth;fSk; me;jg; gfthdhfNt ,Ue;jhnyhopa! ghpzhk tsh;r;rpapd; rhjhuz xU fl;lj;jpy; kdpj cUtpy; cs;s xU gf;jdhy; ,e;jj; jj;Jtj;ijg; Ghpe;Jnfhs;sNth urpf;fNth KbahJ. ntt;NtWtpjkhd jdpg;gl;l Xireaj;Jld; Ntjq;fs; Xjg;gLfpd;wd. tlf;fj;jpg; gpuhkzh;fs; Ntjk; XJtjw;Fk;> njw;fj;jpg;gpuhkzh;fs; ,Uf;fpwJ. Me;jpug;gpuhkzh;fSk; mJ njhpAk;. rhpahd ke;jpuj;jpDs; cr;rhpg;Gld; kiwe;jpUf;Fk; ke;jpuk; ght: nrhy;y Kbahj Ntjk; XJtjw;Fk; jkpo;ehl;Lg; tpj;jpahrk; njd;dhl;bNyNa gpuhkzh;fSk;> NtWgLfpwhh;fs;.

cr;rhpg;gpy;

ahUila cr;rhpg;Gkpfr; rhpahdJ? gfthd; xUtUf;Fj;jhd;

fhuzj;jhy; ke;jpu cr;rhldk; gadw;wjhfptpLNkh? ,y;iy! vd;W nrhy;yg;gLfpw vz;z Xl;lNk> ntWk; thh;j;ijfshyhd ke;jpu cr;rhpg;ig

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 14 -

tpl

Kf;fpakhdJ

vd;gij

]`];uehkh

ek;

kdj;jpy;

gjpaitf;fpwJ. vg;gbapUe;jhYk; ehkidtUk; gfthdpd; Foe;ijfs; (c]jPhpt khju: - ]e;jpahte;jd ke;jpuk;). koiyapy; Foe;ij MuQ;Rg; Ghpahjh goj;ij vd;d? MQ;R vd;W nrhd;dhy; nghUisAk; jha;f;Fg; mjd; ke;jpuj;jpd;

njhlh;GfisAk; fw;wwpe;J> mlf;fj;Jld; Kbe;jtiu rhpahd Kiwapy;> xU Foe;ij jd;jhia mZFtJNghy; vy;yhk; ty;y ,iwtid mZfp N` ];g\;lh~u: N` ke;j;u: vd;wioj;J ehd; xd;W kwpahjtd;: vd;id topelj;Jq;fs; vd;W gpuhh;j;jpf; nfhz;L ]e;jpahte;jdk; cs;spl;l vy;yh ke;jpuq;fisAk; gapw;rp nra;Aq;fs;. ghtk;> kdk; mjd; czh;Tfs; Mfpaitjhd; tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpd; %ykhfp> Nth;tpl;Lf; fpisj;J tsh;e;J gydspg;gjhf mike;J tpl;bUf;fpwJ. rhpahd ghtj;jpw;Fj;jhd; cr;rhpg;ig mjpf ,e;j thjk; Fiwj;J

kjpg;gpLtjhf ahUk; vz;zptpl Ntz;lhk;. cr;rhpg;igtpl Kf;fpaj;Jtk; jug;glNtz;Lk; vd;gij typAWj;JtJjhd; ekJ Nehf;fk;.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 15 -

5. k`hjgh: (jtq;fs;) k`hjgh: (123)

tPl;L tho;f;ifapypUe;J tpyfpf;fhl;L tho;f;if

tho;gth;fshy;jhd; jt tho;f;ifia Nkw;nfhs;s KbAk; vd;gJ nghJthdnjhU ek;gpf;if. tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpd; cgh]fd; jttho;f;iff;fhf mt;tsT J}uk; Nghf Ntz;bajpy;iy. mk;Uj: ]h];tj: ];jhZ: tuhNuh`: k`hjgh: ]h;t: ]h;ttpj;ghD: k`hjgh: vd;why; jtj;jpdhy; milaf;$ba xUth; vd;W nghUs;. k`hjgh:tpw;Fg; gpwF ]`];uehkh ]h;tf: ]h;ttpj;ghD: vd;W nrhy;fpwJ. gfthd; vq;FkpUf;fpwhh; (]h;tf:) mth; vy;yhtw;iwAk; mwpe;jpUf;fpwhh; (]h;ttpj;) vq;Fk; epiwe;jpUf;Fk; gfthd; #hpaidg;Nghy; N[hjpkakhdtuhfp> vd;fpw vy;yhtw;iwAk; mwpe;jpUg;gtuhfTk; xspkakhd

cs;shh; vd;gij mOj;jkhfr; nrhy;y ]`];uehkh ghD: thh;j;ijiaj; Njh;e;njLf;fpwJ. gfthid ghD: cgh]fDf;Ff; fhl;LfpwJ. k`hjgh:Tf;F Kd;dhy; tuhNuh`: tUfpwJ.

tuhNuh`: vd;why; ehk; milaj;jf;f Nkyhdth;- gukgjehjh; vd;W nghUs;. ,e;j tuhNuh`: jtj;jpd; ,yf;F vd;d vd;gijf; fhz;gpj;J> jpahdk; vq;F KbtilfpwJ
- 16 -

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

vd;gijAk; nrhy;yp tpLfpwJ. ,e;jj; jpahdj;jpd; KbT xU mw;Gjkhd rpfuk;. (M&lhehk; gduht;Uj;a]k;gthj; tuhNuh`:) mk;Uj: ]h];tj: ];jhZ: Mfpathh;j;ijfs; xU jg];tp milAk; cd;dj epiyiar; nrhy;fpd;wd.

6. ,wg;G vDk; mhpa epfo;r;rp

[hj];a`p j;UNth k;Uj;A:j;Utk; [d;k k;Uj];a j];khj; mghp`hh;Naah;j;Nj ej;tk; N]hrpJkh`]p vd;fpw ];Nyhfk; ,e;j ,wg;ngd;Dk; epfo;r;rpia mjd; Jd;gj;ij Rj;jkhfj; Jilj;njwpAk; fPjhr;rhhpadpd; gpufldkhf mike;J tpl;bUf;fpwJ. ,g;nghOJ tp\;Z ]`];uehkh ,e;j ,wg;ig vg;gb mZFfpwJ vd;W ghh;g;Nghk;. vijANk RUf;fkhfr; nrhy;y Ntz;Lk; vd;fpw epajpia tFj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpw tp\;Z ]`];uehkk; cWjpahf th;j;jajPjp Kjy; vijAk; G+jghte:) 24 thh;j;ijfspy;> nrhy;yhky; vd;fpw ,wg;igg;gw;wp (Ntz;Lnkd;Nw) ,wg;Gf;

tpl;LtpLfpwJ. Mdhy; G+jghte: (9) (G+jhep ghtajp [dajp thh;j;ijahy; fz;Nzhl;lj;ij - nkd;W KOq;fp G+rpnkOFk; jd;ikapy; tpsf;f Kaw;rpf;fpwJ. vy;yhtw;iwAk; NtWthh;j;ijfshy; mj;jpahaj;ijNa cs;slf;fpa ,wg;igg;gw;wpg; xJf;FfpwJ. njhFg;ghd Ngr jdpahf ,e;j xU 24 thh;j;ijfis clNd njhlUk; tp\;Z ]`];uehkh> ,wg;igg;gw;wpa fUj;J

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 17 -

nrhy;yg;glhky;

tpLgl;Ltpl;lJ

vd;gij

tp\;Z

]`];uehkk; czh;e;J ]h;t: ]h;t: ]pt: ];jhZ: G+jhjp: epjput;aa: ]k;gNth ghte: (25-32) vd;fpw thpfis tpiue;J Nrh;j;J epiwT nra;fpwJ. Kjy; njhFg;gpd; vz;zk; Kbtile;J> GJj;njhFg;gpd; vz;zk; vd;fpw thapw;gbapy; ]h;t: vd;fpw thh;j;ijAld; GJ mj;jpahaj;ij tp\;Z ]`];uehkh njhlq;FfpwJ. ]h;t: Kjy; thh;j;ijahd tp];tk; vd;gjw;F ,izahdthh;j;ij mLj;JtUk; ]h;t: mopg;gth; my;yJ nfhy;gth; vd;fpw nghUspy; tUfpwJ. ];Uzhjp ]k;`hu ]kNa ]k;`ujP ]fyh: g;u[h mLj;j thh;j;ij ,e;jr; nray; rptdhy; nra;ag;gLfpwJ (]pt:) vd;W nrhy;fpwJ. ehk; mth; mq;F rptd; vd;gth; ahh;> mth; vd;dnty;yhk; nra;fpwhh;> vjw;fhfr; nra;fpwhh; vd;gijg; gw;wpnay;yhk;
(605-607)thf

mjpfk;

ftiyg;glj;Njitapy;iy. ,uz;L ekf;F ,uz;bd;

Vndd;why; mLj;j fl;lj;jpy; ]k;N~g;jh N~kf;Uj;]pt: rpj;jhpf;fg;gLfpwhh;. itf;f ,q;F ]h;t:Tk; ,Uf;fpd;wd. re;jh;g;gq;fisAk; ]k;N~g;jhTk; ]huhk;]Kk; xd;Nw. tp];j;Ujk; [fj; ]k;`hu ];kNa ]{~;k &Ngz ]k; ~p ge; ,dp ,wg;Gf;Fg; gpwF vd;d vd;gij G+jhjp: epjp: mt;aa: vd;W tp\;Z ]`];uehkk; njhlh;e;J nrhy;fpwJ. rkepiyapy;

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 18 -

me;jr;rptd;

,we;jth;fspd;

Gfyplkhd

(M\;ua];jhdk;) epjp: ahfpwhh;. gpusafhNy m];kpe;]h;tk; epjpaNj ,jp epjp: =rq;fuh;. gpwF mtuth;fspd; fh;k gyj;jpw;Fj; jf;fthW ~PNz Gz;Na kh;j;aNyhfk; tp]e;j;jp (gftj;fPij) vd;fpwgbf;F [Pthj;kh kWgpwtp vLf;fpwJ. ]k;gNth ghte: / ,q;F ]k;gt: kWgpwtpiaAk; ghte: fh;ktpidiaAk; Fwpf;fpd;wd. ]kPrPek; gtek; (cUt tpsf;fk;) m];Najp]k;gt: / Nghf;j;Uzhk; gyhep ghtajPjp - ghte: / ,t;thW tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpy; ,wg;ngDk; mhpa epfo;r;rp vy;yhtpjkhd ,wg;G epfo;T rk;ge;jg;gl;l Jd;gk; jUk; czh;TfisAk; ,wg;gpy; Nghf;fp ,tdJ mijg; ,Ug;gplk; Gdpjkhdjhf ,iwtd;jhd; Mf;FfpwJ.

vd;gij mJ $WfpwJ. ,tDf;Fg; Gfyplkhf tpsq;Fk; ,e;j ,iwtd; ed;ikiaNa nra;Ak; N~kf;Uj;jhf ,Uf;fpwhh;. ghpu~Nz N~kk; fNuhjp - N~kf;Uj; /

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 19 -

7. KOtJk; Ghpe;J nfhs;sNt ,ayhj jd;ik Jh;f:

]khth;j;j: ept;Ujhj;kh Jh;[a: Jujpf;uk: #h;yg: Jh;fk: Jh;f: Juhth]: Juhhp`h (779-787) gfthd; vy;yhtw;iwAk; kiwf;fpwhh; (]khth;j;j:)

my;yJ mth; khiaahy; kiwf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwhh; (Mtuz) Mdhy; khiafspypUe;J mth; tpyfp epw;fpwhh;. mth; (ept;Ujhj;kh) nrhd;dgb Jh;[a: itj; njhpe;Jnfhs;s Kbahjth; vd;W $lf;$wyhk;. Jujpf;uk: xU ];thu];akhd thh;j;ij. kPwKbahjtd; vd;W nghUs;. ,q;F ]`];uehkh cgh]fUld; NgRfpwJ! ,q;Nf ghh;! ,iwtid nty;tNjh Njhw;fbg;gNjh xUGwkpUf;fl;Lk;. cd;id mth; vq;F itf;fNtz;Lk; vd;W epr;rapj;jpUf;fpwhNuh> me;j ,lj;jpypUe;J eP mira KbAkh? eP rpy #o;epiyfshy; rpiw itf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwha;> cd; kuGtopfshy; gpizf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwha;. cd;dhy; top ntsp Jz;bj;Jf;nfhz;L tpLjiy ngw;Nwhhpd; mtw;iwnay;yhk; ,lq;fspypUe;J ve;jj;jpiuahYk; kiwf;fg;gltpy;iy

te;Jtpl KbAkh? rpiw itf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; me;jr; rpy ngWtjw;fhd cdf;Fj; njhpAkh? rpiwg; G+l;bd; rhtp cd;dplk; ,Uf;fpwjh? ,e;j vy;yhf; Nfs;tpfl;Fk; xNu gjpy; ,y;iy vd;gNj. mJNt Jujpf;uk:
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 20 -

gfthidawpa ,lj;jpy; me;j

cgh]fh;

Nkw;nfhs;Sk;>

gy;NtW

Kaw;rpfSld; kPjkpUf;Fk; thh;j;ijfs; NgRfpd;wd. ,e;j gfthd; fhl;rp gpugQ;rkhfpa vy;yh tp];t&gj;jpy; Kaw;rpfspYNk cgh]fUf;Ff; jUfpwhh;.

cgh]fh; xU FWfpa njUtpy; topelj;jpr; nry;yg;gLfpwhh;. miltjw;F mhpatd; (Jh;yg:) fil tpsk;guj;ijg; ghh;j;J cgh]fh; nghUisj; Njh;e;njLf;fr; Jh;yg: nra;Ak; Kaw;rpNghy kPz;Lk; vq;Fk; Kaw;rpj;Jtpl;Lj; gfthdplk; vd;fpwhh;. mtiu

Kaw;rpj;jNghJ

NghfNth>

fz;Lgpbf;fNth> mthplk; neUq;fNth Kbahky; Ngha; Jh;fk: vd;W nrhy;yp tpLfpwhh;. Jh;fk: vd;why; neUq;fKbahj xspiaAilath; vd;W nghUs;. gfthid jd;Dila mila kPz;Lk; Kad;w cgh]fh;> elf;f

rpd;df;fhy;fshy;

tp];tj;ij

Nehf;fp

Kbahky;Ngha; Jh;f: (milaKbahjtd;) vd;W $Wfpwhh;. ,Jtiu cgh]fhpd; Njly; ,q;Nf> mq;Nf mNjh mq;Nf! vd;W jd;idj; jtpug; gpw ,lq;fspy; ,Ue;jJ. ,g;nghOJ gfthid mth; jd;Ds;NsNa fz;Lgpbj;Jj; jdf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd ,jaf; FifapNyNa ,Uj;jp> mijNa mtuJ thr];jykhf;fTk; Kaw;rpf;fpwhh;. vg;gb mtiu kdj;jpNyNa mtiu vz;zpg; ghh;j;J Nfhapypd; kNdh[t:(695) jd;Dila khlf;Fopapy; gpujp\;l;il

,jaj;jpNyNa ,Uj;j KbAk;? vg;gb tp];tj;ijr; RUf;fp ,jaf; nra;aKbAk;? ,J ,ayhjfhhpak; vd;W nrhy;yg;
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 21 -

gLfpwjy;yth? mjw;F cgh];fh; ve;j tpjkhd vjph;g;Gk; nrhy;yhky; Juhth]: (neUq;fKbahj ,Ug;gplj;ij cilath;) vd;W $wptpLfpwhh;. (JNfehth];aNj rpj;Nj!) filrpahfj; Njhy;tpia xg;Gf; nfhz;l cgh]fh; gfthid czh;tjw;fhf mtiu Jh;f: vd;wiof;fpwhh;. Juhhp`h vd;gJ cjtpNfl;Fk; cgh]fdpd; mOFuy;. jd;idailanthl;lhky; jPatiu tpyf;fpitg;gth; vd;W Juhhp`hTf;Fg; nghUs;. gfthid neUq;f Kbahjjhy; xUNtis jhd; jPatNdh vd;W jd;dpuf;fk;nfhz;L mOfpwhh; cgh]fh;!

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 22 -

8. tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpYs;s tpjpKiwfs;

tp\;Z]`];uehkhtpy; cs;s rpy tpjpfs; - rpy thh;j;ijfspd; vLj;Jr; Nrh;f;if rpy cs;s tiuKiwfl;Fl;;gl;L rpy fUj;Jf;fSld; tbthf;fg;gl;litNghy; Njhd;Wfpd;wd. mtw;iw mg;gbNa re;jpahte;jdj;jpy; xg;gpl;Lg; ghh;j;jhy; me;jf; fUj;Jf;fs; tpiutpy; njspthfg; GhpAk;. cjhuzkhf fhaj;jphpapd; \pNuh ke;jpukhd> Xk; MNgh [;NahjPgN]h mk;Ujk; g;u`;k vd;gjpYs;s ,uz;L mq;fq;fSk;> =tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpy; cs;s ,uz;L tpjpfSld; milahsk; fhzg;glyhk;. ,e;j \pNuhke;jpuk; mjDila Kf;fpaj;Jtk; fUjpNa mt;thW miof;fg;gLfpwJ. fhaj;hP ghltbtpy; ,Ue;jhy; ,e;j \pNuh ke;jpuk; gapw;rp tbtpy; cs;sJ. fhaj;hP fhzKbahjjhf ,Ue;jhy; \pNuhke;jpuk; fhl;rpia ey;FfpwJ. cgh]fUf;F fhaj;hP ,yf;fhf ,Ue;jhy; \pNuhke;jpuk; me;j ,yf;ifailAk; topahf ,Uf;fpwJ. \pNuhke;jpuj;jpd; me;j ,uz;L mq;fq;fshtd:1. MNgh [;Nahjp 2. uN]h mk;Ujk; g;u`;k

1. MNgh [;Nahjp
Mg;Nehj; vDk; thh;j;ijapypUe;J cUthd Mg: gfthd; vq;Fk; epiwe;jth; vd;fpw nghUisj; jUfpwJ.
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 23 -

[;Nahjp kpd;Dk; xspiaf; Fwpf;fpwJ. $l;lhf mit vq;Fk; epiwe;jpUe;J rjh ek;ikNa ftdpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; gfthdpd; jd;ikiaf; $WfpwJ. ,e;j vy;yh vz;zq; fSf;FNk tp\;Z ]`];uehkh> ]h;tf: ]h;ttpj;ghD: tp\;tf;N]e: [ehh;je: (124-128) vd;fpw njhluhy; xU #j;jpuj;ij cUthf;fp cu%l;btpLfpwJ. ,q;F> ]h;tf: ]h;ttpj; - Mg: Tf;fhfTk;> ghD: - [;Nahjpf;fhfTk; tp\;tf;N]e: [ehh;je: - ,iwtdpd; vq;Fk; epiwe;j vy;yhKzh;e;j fhuz> fhhpaj;Jf;fhfTk; epw;fpd;wd. Nghh;f;flTspd; Gz;gLj;Jk; me;j tpopg;G epiyia tp\;tf;N]e:Tk; ePjp toq;Ftjpy; mtuJ foptpuf;fkw;w kdkpsfhj jd;ikia [ehh;;je:Tk; typAWj;Jfpd;wd. ([ehe; - Jh;[ehe; mh;jajp `pe];jp eufhjPe; fkajPjp [ehh;je: -= rq;fuh;) RUq;fr; nrhd;dhy; gfthDila tpopg;G epiyahy;> mtuJ kdkpsfhj ePjpghpghydj;jpypUe;J ahUk; jg;gptpl KbahJ vd;gij MNgh [;Nahjp giwrhw;WfpwJ. xUtUk; jz;lidapypUe;J ,d;ndhUtbtk;. jg;gptplKbahJ. (nrhw;fiy ,J vDk; nusj;u]:tpd; jiyg;gpd;fPo;

tpthpf;fg;gl;lij epidT $Wq;fs;) mq;F ]pk;`: ,Ue;jJ. ,q;F Nghh;tpUg;gKs;s tp\;tf;N]e: ,Uf;fpwJ. fPo;f;fz;l tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpd; tpjpfis

MNgh[;Nahjpf;Fg; gjpyhfg; gad;gLj;jyhk;.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 24 -

1. gPk: ]kaf;Q: (358> 359) 2. ]h;tj;Uf; ]pk;`: ]e;jhjh ]k;jpkhe; ];jpu: (201-205)
3. 4. 5.

tp];jhu: ];jhtu: ];jhZ: (427-428) ]h;tj: r~{: meP]: ]h];tj: ];jpu: (31-633) ]h;tf;Q: ]h;tNjhKf: (821-822)

2. uN]hk;Ujk; g;U`;k
vd;fpw jj;Jtk; gfthd; rpije;J mope;JNghff; $ba tuy;yh; vd;W $WfpwJ. mth; vy;yhtw;wpd; rhukhfTk; ,Uf;fpwhh; vd;gij 1. ]h;ty~z y~z;a (361) 2. ]j;t];j: (488) my;yJ ,d;Dk; Nkd;ikahf 3. jj;tk; jj;ttpj; (u]:) vfhj;kh (g;u`;k) [d;k k;Uj;A [uhjpf: (mk;Uj:) (963-966) Mfpatw;wpy; fz;L nfhs;syhk; vd;gijAk; uN]hk;Ujk; g;U`;k vd;fpwjj;Jtk; $WfpwJ.

fhaj;hP g;uh`;kzg;hpa:
k`hf;uk: k`hfh;kh k`hNj[h: kN`huf: (676-679) $l;lhf fhaj;hPapy; tpjj;jpy;> ghh;f;fyhk;. j[;[g: tpopg;Gzh;it
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

cs;s

,e;j

ehd;F

thh;j;ijfisAk;> cgNahfg;gLk; gpizj;Jg; thh;j;ij

cs;s ,J

ehd;F

ghfq;fSld;> G+l;LtJNghyg;

Efj;jbAld;

fhaj;hpapd; jjh;j;jghtek; ey;Fk; ePz;l

thh;j;ijf;F vd;fpw

gjTiuahf mikahtpl;lhYk;> jj;Jtj;Jld; ,e;j

- 25 -

nkr;rj;jf;f tifapy; nghUe;JfpwJ. g;u`;k: itg;gw;wpa gphpitaLj;J

thh;j;ijfspd; Ntwpy;iy Kd;Njhd;wp Fl;gLj;JfpwJ.

njhFg;G

Njhd;Wtjd;

Kf;fpaj;Jtk;> ,Uf;fpwJ. k`hf;uk:Tf;F tiuaiwf;

Mo;e;j rpe;jidf;Fg;gpd; fhaj;hP g;u`;k tpj;ijiaj; jtpu vd;gij tw;GWj;Jtjpy;jhd; me;j thh;j;ij ]h];jpu g;uh`;kzg;hpa: vd;fpw

,e;jj;njhFg;ig

,g;nghOJ rpwpJ tpyfpepd;W> xU rpW tpsf;fj;ijg; ghh;g;Nghk.; juzPju: k`Pju: kN`huf: k`Pgh;j;jh mee;j: mee;j&g: Nghd;w thh;j;ijfs; gfthd; G+kpiaj; jhq;Fgth; vd;Dk; nghUisj;jUfpd;wd. mee;j: kw;Wk; mjidnahj;j thh;j;ijfshd kN`huf: Nghd;wit G+kp k`hN]\:tpd; cUtpy; jhq;fg;gLfpwJ vd;gijf; Fwpg;ghfr; nrhy;Yfpd;wd. g;Uj;tP ke;jpuj;jpy;> ahtw;wpYk; CLUtp epw;Fk; rf;jpjhd; (tp\;Z:) G+kpiaj; jhq;FfpwJ vd;W $wg;gl;bUg;gij epidT $h;Nthk;. me;juj;jpy; gpbkhdk; VJkpd;wp kpjf;Fk; G+kp VNjh xU rf;jpahy; jhq;fg;gLfpwJ. me;j rf;jpjhd; gfthdpd; vq;Fk; vjpYk; CLUTk; rf;jp. vdNt ,e;j vz;zj;ijj; xNu jhq;fptUk; khjphpahd ,Nj thh;j;ijfs; $Wk; tp\;Z thh;j;ijfs; jhq;FfpwJ tpQ;Qhdpfs; nrhe;jkhd ]`];uehkhtpy; jpUk;gj;jpUk;g tUtJ rhpahdNj! fUj;ijf; CLUTk; nkhj;jk; vl;L. ,e;j thh;j;ijfs; #hpad; cs;spl;l kw;w Nfhsq;fisAk; vd;Dk; ,e;j fUj;ij rf;jpjhd; tphpthfr; nrhy;fpd;wd. mtw;Wf;Fr;

mjid <h;g;G rf;jp vd;W miof;fpwhh;fs;. G+kp cs;spl;l vy;yhf;fpufq;fSk; ,Ug;gplq;fSk; gfthDila fl;Lg;ghl;bd; cr;repiyapy; ,aq;Ffpd;wd vd;gJ ,jd; nghUs;.
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 26 -

,g;nghOJ

ehk;

vLj;Jf;

nfhz;l

nghUSf;F

kPs;Nthk;. fhaj;hPf;F ,izahd me;j ehd;F thh;j;ijfSk;> k`hf;uk: k`hfh;kh k`hNj[h: kN`huf: (676-679) gpugQ;r ,af;fj;jpd; xOq;F (k`hf;uk:) Xk; G+: Gt: ]{t: - vd;fpw thh;j;ijfis cr;rhpf;Fk; NghJ fz;Zf;Fj; njhpfpwJ. ];U\;bahsdpd; (k`hfh;kh) jj; ]tpJ: tNuz;ak; vd;W [gpf;Fk; NghJ njhiy J}uj;jpy; - ghh;f;Fk; njhiyTf;F tUfpwJ. k`hNj[: vd;W gfthdpd; Mw;wy; jpahdpf;fg;gLk; nghOJ gh;Nfh Njt];a jPk`p - kdj;jpiuapy; tphpa Muk;gpf;fpwJ. Vw;fdNt $wpagb kN`huf: - ,e;jg; gpugQ;r ,af;fk; gfthdpd; ce;J rf;jpahy;jhd; vd;fpw vz;zj;ij jpNah Nahe: g;uNrhjahj; - cgh]fhpd; kdj;jpy; cz;Lgz;z Ntz;Lk;. ,e;j topfis cl;fhh;e;J> Ntz;Lk;. fpof;F Kfkhf mkh;e;J> fz;fis %b fhaj;hPapd; ,e;j ehd;F epiyfisAk; tp\;Z Mo;e;J jpahdpj;Jg; gpwF ehd;F mjw;fpizahd ]`];uehkhtpd; mj;jpahaj;jpd; Xl;btpl;Lr; Cd;wpg;gbj;J thpfspy; thrfh; ntWkNd Mu mku yapj;Jtpl nrd;Wtplf;$lhJ. mjd;nghUspy; (]tpJ:) tpag;G+l;Lk; gzp

epiyfisAk; jpahdj;jpy; epWj;j Ntz;Lk;. jpNahNahe: g;uNrhjahj; vd;fpw gpugQ;rj;jpd; xyp mtDs; Nfl;Lf;nfhz;NlapUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 27 -

9. ,Wkhg;ig mlf;FtJ vg;gb?

jh;g;g`: (717) G+jhth]: th]{Njt:. Jh;ju: xUthjj;ij Kd;itj;Jf; fw;gpj;jy; gfthd; vy;yh caphpdq;fspYk; trpf;fpwhh;: vy;yhg; nghUl;fspYk; ,Uf;fpwhh; vd;fpw fUj;ij cs;thq;Fk; NghJ> cq;fs; kdk; xUthplkpUe;J kw;nwhUtUf;F - xd;wpypUe;J ,d;ndhd;wpw;F - me;j ,d;ndhd;wpypUe;J kw;nwhd;wpw;F vd;W KbNt ,y;yhky;-me;j cq;fisAk; vd;fpw Kbtpy;yhikia cq;fs; Nehf;fp Kd;NdWfpwJ. (mey: myk; gh;ahg;jp: eh];jp -=rq;fuh;). ,g;nghOJ vy;iyapd;ik ,Ug;gplj;ijAk; mse;J xg;gpl;Lg; msTNfhypy;

ghh;j;Jtpl;L> ePq;fs; vt;tsT mw;gkhd fz;Zf;Fj; njhpahj J}rpahf ,Uf;fpwPh;fs; vd;gij czh;e;J nfhs;Sq;fs;. xspe;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; cq;fs; ,Wkhg;G mlf;fg;gl;L xU kpDf;fpLk; jPgkhf khwptpl;bUg;gij czh;tPh;fs;. ,JTk; mizf;fg;gl;Ltpl;lhy;> #of;$ba ,Uspd; jd;ikiag; gw;wp ]`];uehkh cq;fisr; rpe;jpf;fr; nrhy;fpwJ. cq;fsJ ,wg;gpdhy; Vw;gLk; Gyk;gYk; mOifAk; vWk;G cyfj;jpd; kpfkpfr; rd;dkhd> ,ufrpaf; fpRfpRf;Fk; FuYld; xg;gplg;glyhk;. cdJ ,Wkhg;G mopf;fg;gl;LtpLtjhy; kl;Lk; cyf ,af;fk; vd;fpw gzpf;F xd;Wk; Neh;e;Jtplg; Nghtjpy;iy. vdNtjhd; clNdNa gP\;kh; jh;gj: vd;fpw thh;j;ijia tpiue;J Nrh;j;J tpLfpwhh;. jh;gj: vd;why; ,Wkhg;igj;
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 28 -

jUgth; vd;W nghUs;! xNu %r;rpy; nrUf;if mopf;fTk; nra;fpwhh;;; mij kdpj kdj;jpy; jpUk;gf; nfhz;LtuTk; tpiofpwhh;. mg;Ngh;g;gl;l xUtiu - xU kha GU\iu j;Ug;j: (nrUf;Filath;) vd;wiog;gJ nghUj;jNk. rpU\;bj;jpwd; vd;fpw kfhj;kpaj;jpy; mth; nrUf;Ff; nfhs;fpwhh;. ,g;gbahf cyfj;ij mlf;fKbahj tpjk; Mw;wiyAila ek;khy; mth;> topelj;Jk; Ghpe;Jnfhs;s

Kbahjjhf ,Uf;fpwJ. (Jh;ju:) mwpahikahy; ,Jvd;Gj;jfk;> ,J vd; tPL ehd;jhd; mijr; nra;Njd; vd;nwy;yhk; ek;ikf; $witf;Fk; me;j ehd; (m`k;) vDk; jd;ikjhd; gfthd; vd;Dk; jj;Jtj;ijAk; $WfpwJ. vdNt me;j kPjKs;stw;iw khah vd;fpw Nghh;itf;Fs; kiwj;J ek;ik kaq;fitf;fpw me;j gfthNd Jh;ju:

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 29 -

10. Nfhgj;ij mlf;FtJ vg;gb?

[pjkd;A: (934) mee;j&g: mee;j =.. jp]: (932 - 940) tp\;Z ]`];uehkh - xU Md;kPfg; gapw;rpia- xU #j;jpuj;ij ek;ik mJ Nfhgj;ij vd;WNk mopg;gjw;fhfj; iftplhJ. xU me;j jUfpwJ. Nuhf ,e;j kUj;Jtf; Fwpg;ig Kiwahf kdjpy; thq;fpf; nfhz;lhy; epthuzp mJ ,e;jg; mee;j&g: mee;j =: ([pj kd;A:) vd;fpw thpfspy; ,Uf;fpw. rpfpr;irj; jpl;lj;ij gfthd; ];U\;bj;jpUf;Fk;

kdtsj;jpw;fhd ghpe;Jiuf;fpwJ.

gpugQ;rj;jpYs;s xt;nthU capUk; gfthDila mk;rNk. vJTNk jtwhfg; Ngha;tpl tha;g;Ng ,y;yhj mikg;G ,J> ,e;j mikg;G cq;fs; eyidNa fUj;jpy; nfhz;L khWgl;l cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. gfthdpd; mk;rkhfpa

epiynaLj;j cUtk; xd;wpd; nray;jhd; cq;fs; Nfhgj;jpw;F fhuzkhff; fw;gpf;fg;gl;lhy;> cq;fs; kd Xl;lj;jpd;gbAs;s fhuz fhhpa vjph;ghh;g;Gf;F vjpuhfNt me;jr; nray; ,Ue;jhYk; cq;fs; gapw;rpapd; gyd; cq;fs; Nfhgj;jpd; Njit jtph;f;f Kbahjjy;y vd;fpw KbTf;F cq;fisf; nfhz;Lte;J tpl;LtpLk;. ghpzhk tsh;r;rp vd;fpw Vzpg;gbapy; - cq;fSila ];jhdk; vJ vd;gijNa ePq;fs; Ghpe;Jnfhs;s Kbahj xU #o;epiyapy;> cq;fSila mNj mwpahik> re;Njfk; Mfpatw;iw cq;fs; Nfhgj;ijj; J}z;bathpd; nraYf;Fk; fhuzkhf;fp> me;j rhjfgyid mtUf;fspj;J> mtuJ
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 30 -

nraiyf;

fz;Lnfhs;shky;

tpl;lhy;>

cq;fs;

Nfhgk;

mlq;fptpLk;. mee;j&g: mee;j=: jj;Jtj;jpy; %o;fpapUf;Fk; ePq;fs; ,g;nghOJ cq;fs; Nfhgj;ijf; fpswp vjpuzpapy; ,Ug;gtUk; mNj jj;Jtj;jpy;jhd; %o;fpapUf;fpwhh; vd;gij czUq;fs;. xU KOikahd tho;Tf;fhf vq;Fk; cq;fs; ,U rhuhiuANk ,e;j mee;j&g: mee;j =: jj;Jtk; fl;Lg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. ,e;j thh;j;ijfisaLj;J> ]`];uehkh> ,e;j cyfpy; vy;yhNk vjpYNk gfthdpd; jtW elf;f ePjp ghpghydj;jpw;Fl;gl;bUg;gjhy; vd;fpw gy;ytpiaj; tha;g;gpy;iy

njhlh;e;J ghLfpwJ. (rJ];u:) xt;nthU tUk; tho;tpy; jd;Dila jFjpg;ghl;bid cWjp nra;J nfhs;s ,aYk; - tpjp]: t;ahjp]: jp]: . kpfTk; tho;f;ifapy; vhpr;rY}l;lf;$ba cdf;nfd rPz;Ljiyf; $l cd; eph;zapf;fg;gl;l-toq;fg;gl;l

gq;fhff; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ,e;jj; jpl ek;gpf;ifapy; cs;s xUtid tp\;Z ]`];uehkh vd;d gak;? (gahg`:) vd;W Nfl;fpwJ. ,J fgPuhj;khtpd; kpf mw;Gjkhd gq;fspg;G. fgPuhj;kh vd;why; Moq;fhz Kbahjth; vd;W nghUs;.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 31 -

11. k`hNj[h: (678)

gfthd; kpfr; rpwe;j Nj[i] (gpufhrj;ij) cilath;. Xtpah;fSf;Ff; flTsh;fs; kw;Wk;> nghpa hp\pfspd; jiyf;Fg; gpd;dhy;> xU xsp tl;lj;ij tiuAk; Rje;jpuj;ij ,e;j k`hNj[]; vd;Dk; fUj;J mspf;fpwJ. ,uj;jKk; rijAkhf ,Uf;Fk; xU k`hd; my;yJ rhJtpd; clypy; xspUk; Nj[i]> ,e;j khjphp xsptl;lkhf ehk; fhz KbAkh? thy;kPfpahy;> th;zpf;fg;gLfpwhh;. mg;ahfr;rd; k`hNj[h tp];thkpj;Nuh k`h Kep: (B.K. 18-37) ,e;j th;zizapypUe;J k`hNj[i]f; j]uj k`huh[htpd; vd;W rigapy; $bapUe;Njhnuy;yhk; tp];thkpj;jpuhplk; me;j xsptl;lj;ij my;yJ fz;lhh;fs; nrhy;yptpl KbAkh? ,q;F k`hNj[: vd;fpw thh;j;ij jt typikapdhy; tp];khkpj;jpuh; ngw;w Gfo; my;yJ Md;kPf rf;jpapd; xspiag; gw;wpg;NgRfpwJ. gLfpwhh;. f;Ujh`;epnfs k`htPh;ahk; tp];thkpj;uk; jnghjek; mgpthj;a - (B.K. 23-4) mNjNghy; gfthDila tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpy; mwpnthsp vq;nfy;yhk; vdNtjhd; mth; jNghje: vd;wiof;fg; tp];thkpj;jpuh; k`hNj[: vd;W

kpd;Dk;

tpsf;fg;gLfpwNjh

mq;nfy;yhk; mtuJ Mw;wy; k`hNj[:-itnahj;j

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 32 -

thh;j;ijfshy; fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s gl;baypd;gb Fwpg;ghfr; nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ.

mwpnthsp
1.

Mw;wy;
k`hrf;jp : (177) g;ujh]hj;kh (277) k`hf;uk:k`hfh;kh (676 - 677) NjN[ht;U\: (763)

k`hj;Ajp: (178) k`hNj[h: (678) j;Ajpju: (764)

2. j;Ajpju: (276)
3. 4.

re;jh;g;gk;
1. k`hGj;jp: k`htPh;a: k`h]f;jp: k`hj;Ajp: / 2. X[: Nj[: j;Ajpju: g;ufh]hj;kh / 3. k`f;uk: k`hfh;kh k`hNj[h: / 4. NjN[ht;U\: j;Ajpju: ]h;t]];j;ug;Ujhk; tu:

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 33 -

12. Ntj;a: (165)

]k;f;u`:.. ]jhNahfP (160 - 167) ];U\;l;b> ghpzhk tsh;r;rp kw;Wk; Nja;e;jopjy;

Nghd;wtw;wpd; KOikahd topKiwfSk;> ]k;f;u`: ]h;fhk; j;Ujhj;kh epaNk ak: vd;fpw thpapy; ciwe;J fplf;fpd;wd. jhjh ajh G+h;tk; mfy;gaj; vd;Dk; Guhjdkhd thp ]k;f;u`: vd;fpw thh;j;ijiar; nrhd;dTld; epidTf;F tuNtz;Lk;. ];U\;l;b ghpzhk tsh;r;rp Nja;e;jopjy; kPz;Lk; ];U\;b me;j vdj; jpUk;gj;jpUk;g gioa ,e;j Row;rp elg;gJjhd; mwptpg;G. ];U\;bfs;

Nja;e;jope;jgpwF> vspjpy; ntsptUk; ,ay;gpduhd ,e;j ];U\;l;bfh;j;jhtpd;(]q;f;u`:)fplq;fpypUe;J> jd;idj;jhNd gy cUtq;fspy; ,e;j gilj;Jf; nfhs;Sjy; (];U\;b]h;f:) ]q;f;u`: eilngWfpwJ. ];U\;bf;fhd %yg;nghUs; tpypUe;Jjhd; fpilf;fpwJ. ];U\;bapd; topKiwfis (]h;f:) Md;khf;fisj; jhpj;jpUg;gth; (j;Ujhj;kh) tpthpf;fpwhh;. (jj; ];U\;l;thRNjt mEg;ehtp]j;) nghUl;fis ];U\;bj;j gpwF gfthd; mtw;Ws; Eioe;J (j;Ujhj;kh) jd;Dila topfhl;Lk; newpfs; (epak:) %yk; fl;Lg;ghl;Lf;Fs; itf;fpwhh; (ak:) ,itnay;yhk; gfthidg; gw;wp mwpe;J nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;ba cz;ikfs; (Ntj;a:)
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 34 -

j;Ujhj;khthd vd;Wk; nra;fpwhh;.

gfthd;

vy;yhtw;iwAkwpe;j ek;iknay;yhk; ftdpj;Jf;

itj;a:thfp ftdpj;Jf; nfhs;sTk;

tpopj;jpUe;J

nfhz;bUf;fpwhh;:

jd;idj;jhNd

]jhNahfp vd;gth; ahh;?

]jhNahfp tpsf;fkhf ]jhNahfp ]k;f;u`: ]h;fk; j;Ujhj;kh epaNkh ak: vd;fpw me;j thh;j;ijfspy;> vd;d nrhy;yg;gl;bUf;fpwJ vd;gij thpirj; ed;Fzh;e;J jj;Jtj;jpy; jhk; ]jh xU epidtpy; ,izg;ghf epWj;jpf; cs;Nshk; nfhz;bUg;gth;. rq;fpypj; njhlh; Nghd;w vd;gijg; gfthd; vd;Wk; czh;e;jpUf;fpwhh;. ,e;jr; nray; mikfpwJ. newpg;gLj;Jk; vd;WNk nghJf;fl;lis me;j

]k;f;u`:tpy; Muk;gpf;Fk; me;j KOg;gFjpAk; ]jhNahfpapd; khwhf epiyapy;

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 35 -

13. nja;t ePjp

jDh;ju: jDh;Ntj: (861-862) me;j jD: jz;bg;gthpd; rpd;dk;. ePjpgjpapd; fjhAjk;. uh[hjpuh[h;fspd; nrq;Nfhy;. jDh;Ntj: epahaj;ijAzh;e;j cr;rePjpgjp jDh;ju: jDh;Ntj: vd;Dk; jiyg;gpd; fPo; tp\;Z ]`];uehkh xU ,yl;rpa ePjpgjpapd; juj;ijj; Jy;ypakhf th;zpj;Jtpl;L> ve;j msTNfhyhy; epahak; toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;gijAk; tpthpf;fpwJ. ,e;jg;gFjpapy; ePjpgjpapd; mj;jid jFjpfSk; nrhy;yg;gLfpd;wd. ,Ue;jhYk; gfthd; vd;fpw ePjpgjpf;F Kd;dhy; ek; ePjpgjpfs; epw;f KbAkh? Kjd;ik ];jhdk; tfpf;Fk; me;j ,izNaapy;yhj ePjpgjpjhd; jz;Nlh jkapjh jk: / jz;bf;Fk; jbAk; mtNu jz;bg;gtUk; G+kpapYs;s gLgthplk; mtNu> ve;j vd;d jz;lidAk; vg;gb mtNu> ,Uf;Fk; Fw;wthsp vd;gijg; $lg;ghh;f;f vd;gjidg; mDgtpf;fg;NghFk; jz;lid ePjpgjpAk; gyid

fw;gidapy; tpistpf;Fk;

khl;lhh;fs;. Mdhy; gfthdspf;Fk; jz;lid> jz;bf;fg; gfthdhfpa ePjpgjp xUtNu mwpthh;. mth; mguh[pj: gakpy;yhjth;: gifth;fspy;yhjth;. Fw;wthspf; $z;by; epw;gtd;$lg; gfthdpd; giftd; my;yd; vd;gijg; gpwF czh;tPh;fs;.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 36 -

gfthd;

]h;t]:

ahiug;gw;wpAk;

jg;ngz;zk;

nfhs;shjth;. rfpg;Gj;jd;ikAk;> nghWikAk; cs;sth;. fUizfhl;l Ntz;bath;fl;F fUizfhl;b> kd;dpf;fTk; nra;fpwhh;. vr;rhpf;if ,q;F kd;dpg;gpd; epoyhfpwJ. gfthdpd; Mizjhd; ek;ikg;gzpapykh;j;jp ,Uf;fpwJ (epae;jh) mtNu ek;ik mjpfhuk; nra;gth; (epak:) mtNu ek;Fw;wq;fisf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jgth; (ak:) G+Tyf kf;fspd;> eilKiw tof;fj;jpy; ,e;j khjphp gzpfs; gfph;e;jspf;fg;gl;bUe;jhy;> mDkjpf;fg;gLthh;. mlf;fg;glyhk;. gfthd; rf;jp tha;e;jth;; Jzpfukhdth; (]j;athd;) ,y;iynadpy; mth; ePjpia mky;gLj;j KbahJ. rpwe;j eph;thfpahd mtuJ fuq;fspy; jz;l: tpisahLfpwJ. mth; ew;wd;ik> md;G> ey;nyhOf;fk; Mfpa nry;tq;fisg; ngw;wpUf;Fk; ekJ ey;y ez;gh; (]hj;tpf:) mth; Neh;ikahdth;> cz;ikahdth;> ]j;ajh;kj;ij jd;id mDrhpg;gjw;fhfTk;> rl;lj;ij kjpg;gjw;fhfTNk NkYk; Fw;wthsp rpiwapyplg;gLthh;: eltbf;iffs; ed;dlj;ijapd; fhuzkhfg; gpwF ngNuhypy; ntsptuf;$l Fw;wthspapd; vy;iyf;Fs; tiuaiwf;Fl;gLj;jg;gl;l fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;L

vd;Wk; mh;g;gzpj;Jf; nfhz;lth; (]j;a jh;k guhf;uk:) czh;r;rpf; nfhe;jspg;Gfs; mtiug; ghjpg;gjpy;iy. gpur;rpidapd; ,z;L ,Lf;Ffisnay;yhk; mth; myRfpwhh;.
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 37 -

ehyh gf;fKk; vr;rhpf;ifNahL ghh;j;j gpd;dh;jhd; mtuJ mgpg;uhak; cUthfpwJ (mgpg;uha:). ,d;iwa etPd [_hp mikg;Gld; ,e;j mgpg;uha: vDk; fUj;J xj;Jg; NghfpwJ. RUq;fr; nrhd;dhy; mth; nfhLq;Nfhyh; my;yh;. mth; md;ghdth;: md;Gf;Fhpath; (g;hpahh;`:) mth; kjpg;Gf;Fk; khpahijf;Fk; chpath; : ,yl;rpaGU\h;. Fw;wthsp jpUe;Jtjw;fhfj;jhd; mth; jz;lid

aspf;fpwhh;. J}f;fpypLtJ Nghd;w mjpfgl;r jz;lidfs; ,tuJ ePjpkd;wj;jpy; fpilahJ (tho;ehs; Kbe;J ,wg;G te;J ,iwtdb Nrh;tJ NtWtp\ak;). ,tuspf;Fk; jz;lidahy; jpUe;jpa Fw;wthsp ePjpgjpaplk; ed;wp ghuhl;Lfpwhd;> md;G nfhs;fpwhd; (g;ujpth;je:) jz;lid ngw;wtNd jz;lid nfhLg;gtiu

Nerpf;fTk;> gf;jp nra;aTk; Muk;gpj;J tpLtjhy;> jz;lid khpahijf; FhpajhfTk;> Gfoj; jf;fjhfTk;> MfptpLfpwJ. ,Jjhd; tp\;Z ]`];uehkh ePjpgjpfSf;Fg; ghpe;Jiuf;Fk; jukhd ,yl;rpa ePjpghpghydk;. ,uhkhazj;jpy; = ,uhkh; thypia tjk; nra;J jh;kj;ij epiyehl;Lfpwhh;. gfthdpd; ePjpghpghydj;jpy; mjpfgl;r jz;lid fpilahJ vd;Dk; fUj;Jf;F mtuJ ,e;jr; nray; Kuz;gl;lJNghy; Njhd;wyhk; vdpDk; =,uhkh; ghpG+uzkhd kdpjg;gpwtpapy;jhd; thypf;Fj; jz;lid nfhLf;fpwhh;. thyp mtd; ,wg;gpy; jpUj;jpaikf;fg;gLfpwhd;. mtDf;F ew;fjp fpilf;fpwJ.
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 38 -

14. tp\k: ]_d;a: (748-749)

,e;j ,uz;L nrhw;fSk; $l;lhf> xU rpf;fyhd> El;gkhd fUj;ij ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;wd. jdpj;jdpahf ,e;j ,uz;L nrhw;fSf;Fk; nghUs; nrhy;yhfhJ. gphpj;Jg; ghh;f;f Kbahj mstpw;F> xU vz;z Xl;lj;ij ,uz;Lkhfr; Nrh;e;J cUthf;Ffpd;wd. ,it $l;lhfr; Nrh;e;J tpthpf;Fk; fUj;J - ]_d;a: tp vd;fpw cg]h;fj;Jld; ]k: vd;fpw nrhy; Nrh;e;J tp]k: MfpaJ. rpy ]k;];f;Uj ,yf;fz tpjp tpyf;Ffshy; ] vd;fpw vOj;J mjd; %j;j rNfhjud; Nghd;w \ thf khwpapUf;fpwJ. ]k: vd;why; rkj;Jtk;> cg]h;fk; tpAld; NrUk;NghJ mrhjhuzkhd rkj;Jtk; vd;fpw nghUisj; jUfpwJ. (tp\k:) ]j; m]j;: vd;Wk; tpisT mit ~u: ]j;Jk;> ]_d;ak; m~u: Mfpa ,uz;L

tp\aq;fshy;> Nrh;e;jpUe;j rktpfpjj;jpy;

epiyj;jpUf;Fk; m]j;Jk; (]_d;a:) nefbt;

,e;jg;gpugQ;rk; rktpfpjj;jpy; ,e;j khjphp thohJ:

cUthf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ.

Nrh;e;jpUe;jhy;

cyfk;

]_d;akhfptpLk;.

gh]pbt;>

vnyf;l;uhd;fs;

rkgyj;Jld; xU nry;ypd; cl;Gwj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy; me;j nry; ntbj;JtpLk;. Mdhy; mJNt xU mrhjhuzkhd gu];gu <h;f;Fk; jd;ikAs;s fyg;gpy; ,Ug;gjhy; jhd; ntbf;fhky; ,Uf;fpwJ. mNjNghy; ,e;j cyfk; KOikahd ]j;

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 39 -

jhfNth m]j; jhfNth ,y;iy. ,t;tpuz;bDila NrUk; gFjpfs; rk jFjpAldpUf;Fk; xU mrhjhuzkhd fyit (tp+]k:) ]k:Tf;F vjph;g;gjk; tp]k: (my;yJ tp\k:) rk tpfpjj;jpy; ]j;Jk; m]j;Jk; Nrh;e;jpUe;jhy;jhd; mJ ]_d;a: Mdhy; mit mrhjhuzkhd rkjh;k chpikaspf;Fk; fyit (tp\k:) nkhj;jkhf tp\k: ]_d;a:it ehk; ,g;gbj; jhd; ghh;f;fNtz;Lk;. ,e;j epiyjhd; KOikahd rhe;jp epiyahf ,Wjpapy; MfpwJ. ekf;Fg; Fwpf;fpd;wd. gof;fkhd ,d;ndhU eph;Fz: jj;Jtj;jpd;gb itAk; gphpf;f

tp\k:Tk; ]{d;a:Tk; Fzg;Ue; eph;Fz: k`hidf; (843 - 845) Fzg;gUj;ijAk; KbahJ; gphpj;jhy; mjd; fUj;J tpOe;JtpLk;. Nrh;e;jpUe;jhy; mit k`he; Mfpd;wd. vy;yhg;nghUl;fspYk; jd;Dila Fzk; njhpa epw;fTk; Ntz;Lk; (Fzg;Uj;); Kf;Fzf; fyg;gw;wtuhfTk; (eph;Fz:) ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. gfthdhy;jhd; ,g;gb ,Uf;f Kbak;. mg;gb ,Ug;gjhy;jhd; mth; k`he; Mfpwhh;. ]_d;a:Tk; k`hEk; Nrh;e;J xU ,ul;il thh;j;ijahfptpLfpwJ (j;te;j:)

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 40 -

15. tpjpAk;> jd;dpr;irahd tpUg;gKk;

(tpjp - njhpe;j KbT - cWjp) ];Uq;Nfhp ];thkpfSf;Fk;> gPlj;jpd; mtuJ jtj;jpU =re;jpuNrfughujp ele;j rk;gh\iz

rp\;aUf;Fk;

apypUe;J njhFf;fg;gl;l rpytp\aq;fis ,g;nghOJ ehd; nrhy;ytpUf;fpNwd;. ,e;j ciuahly; jpU. R. fpU\;z];thkp (Qhdhde;j ghujp];thkp) mth;fshy; rpuj;ijAld; gjpT nra;ag;gl;lJ. ,Ue;jhYk; KJnfYk;ghf tpsq;Fk; ,e;j ciuahlypd; rijAk;NjhYkhf ,Ug;gJ tp\;Z ]`];u ehkhjhd;. tho;f;ifj; jj;Jtj;ij &gha; ehzak; xd;NwhL ePq;fs; xg;gpl;Bh;fshdhy; tpjp me;j ehzaj;jpd; jiy ahfTk;> jd;dpr;irahd tpUg;gk; G+thfTk; ,Uf;fpwJ. j;te;jq;fs; tUtjw;F tpij vd;W vg;gb nrhy;yg;gLfpd;w ,d;wpaikahjNjh tpjp ,ul;il mNjNghy;

thh;j;ijj; njhFg;gpy; ,J tUfpwJ. Kisf;FUj;J ntsp jd;dpr;irahd vd;Dk; Nfs;tp tpUg;gj;Jf;F kpfTk; tho;tjhy; ,d;wpaikahjJ. jd;dpr;irahd my;yJ

tpijapypUe;J nrb te;jjh? nrbapypUe;J tpij te;jjh? gioikahdJ. tpjp tpUg;gj;jpd;gb cUthfpwjh?

tpjpapd;gb tho;T mikfpwjh? vd;fpw Nfs;tpf;Fk; vd;WNk gjpy; fpilf;fg; Nghtjpy;iy.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 41 -

jd;dp\;lg;gb

tho;e;J>

tpUg;gq;fisnay;yhk;

epiwNtw;wpf; nfhz;L> New;W muq;Nfwpa tho;tpd; xl;L nkhj;j tpisNt ,d;iwa Co;tpidg;gad; - ,d;iwa epiy. New;W vd;gJ vy;iyapy;yhj milAk; my;yJ me;j Kd;G xU xU Ke;ija fhyfl;lj;ijg; Kaw;rp. gpwtpia ePz;l me;j nraypd;> gpd;Ndhf;fpr;nrd;W neLehl;fSf;F New;W

Fwpg;gpLfpwJ.

New;iwa

xl;Lnkhj;jkhd ,d;iwa tpisTjhd; tpjp Co;tpid mjpU\;lk; vd;nwy;yhk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ. Co;tpidg;gad; vd;gJ> xUth;jhNd rk;ghjpj;Jf; nfhs;fpw tp\ak;jhNdnahopa> vd;fpw tpjp Kbahjh? $w;W vd;fpw Mdhy; xUth;Nky; jhdhf mJ thdj;jpypUe;J Fjpg;gjpy;iy. Mifahy; tpjpia kjpahy; ntd;Wtplyhk; NghypUf;fpwJ. kl;Lk; ,tdhy; rhpahfj;jhd; me;j ,Uf;Fk; E}y;fz;il rpukkhd

cUthf;fpaNj ,td;jhd;. mjpypUe;J E}iyg; gphpj;njLf;f nfhQ;rk; Ntiyahf mJ ,Uf;Fk;. mt;tsTjhd;! Co;tpidiar; Njhw;Wtpl;lhy;> rkd;nra;a Nkw;nfhs;Sk; Kaw;rp

tpjpia

nehe;Jnfhs;tJ

Kl;lhs;jdk;.

Kaw;rp Nghjtpy;iy vd;gijj; Njhy;tp mtDf;F czh;j;j Ntz;Lk;. ePz;l neLehl;fSf;F Kd; (New;W) nra;ag;gl;l nray;fspd; mtdJ gydpypUe;J ,y;iy tpLgLgtjw;Fg; vd;Wjhd; mtd; NghJkhdjhf Njhy;tpf;Fg; Kaw;rp

nghUs; fw;gpf;f Ntz;Lk;. jhNd rk;ghjpj;J nfhz;l

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 42 -

Co;tpidg;gyd;fspd; ghjpg;ig kpQ;Rk; tpjj;jpy; ,g;Nghija Kaw;rp gioa mika Ntz;Lk;. xUf;fhy; mjpU\;l;lkhd tpQ;rNtz;L gyd;fis Co;tpid je;J tpl;lhy; vd;dnra;tJ? ey;tpidfis tpQ;rNtz;Lkh? nkd;why; ,d;Dk; vt;tsT ey;tpidfisr; nra;a Ntz;Lk;? mjpU\;lk; jUk; ,e;j Kl;Lf;fl;ilfspy; Kaw;rpapd; msT ekf;Fj; njhpahkNyNa Ngha;tpLk;. Mifahy; tpjpia nty;tjw;F xNu top> kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; ek;gpf;if ,of;fhky; NghuhLtJjhd;. ,g;gbahf tpjpapd; gaid mDgtpg;gtUk; mtNu: tpjpia nty;gtUk; mtNu tp\;Z ]`];uehkh vd;d nrhy;fpwJ? fuzk; fhuzk; fh;j;jh tpfh;j;jh f`Neh F`: / t;at]ha: t;at];jhe: ]k;];jhe: ];jhej: j;Ut: // Kjy; thp> tpjpapd; ghh;itapy; Ngrpdhy; ,uz;lhtJ thp jd;dpr;irr; nraypd; ghh;itiar; nrhy;fpwJ. gfthNd fUtp (fuzk;) mtNu fhuzk; (fhuzk;) mtNu nrayhw;WgtuhfTk; ,Uf;fpwhh; (fh;j;jh) vJTNk nra;ahjtuhfTk; mtuhy; ,Uf;fKbfpwJ (tpfh;j;jh). Kbthf ,e;j thh;j;ijfs; vOjpr;nry;Yk; tpjpapd;if vOjp vOjp Nkw;nry;Yk;; vd;gjidf; $l;lhfr; nrhy;fpwJ. mg;nghOJ tpjpapd; ,e;jg;gFjp tho;f;ifapd; Kf;fpa epfo;r;rpahfptpLfpwJ. MdhYk; mJ njhpe;Jnfhs;s Kbahj> Ghpe;Jnfhs;s Kbahj Mokhd xU tp\ak; (f`Neh F`:) vy;yhk; mtd; nray; vd;W vz;Zk;
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 43 -

vz;zk;

ke;jkhdJ:

Kidg;gw;wJ>

kdj;jpy;

Nrhh;it

tpistpf;ff; $baJ. ,e;jr; Nrhh;itg; Nghf;Ftjw;fhf> tho;f;ifj;

jj;Jtk; vd;fpw me;j &gha; ehzaj;jpd; kWgf;fj;ijj; jpUg;gpf; fhl;LfpwJ tp\;Z ]`];uehkh. t;at]ha: t;at];jhe: ]k;];jhe: ];jhej: j;Ut: vd;fpw thh;j;ijfs; me;j &gha; ehzaj;jpd; kWgf;fj;jpy; gjpf;fg;gl;bUg;gij mtdhy; clNd fhz KbfpwJ. ,e;j thh;j;ijfs; mtd; Nrhh;itg; Nghf;fp mtidg; Nghuhlj; J}z;Lfpd;wd (t;at]ha:) mtDila ,e;jg; NghuhLk; Kaw;rpfs; gfthdpd;

ftdj;jpw;Fg; Nghfhky; ,Uf;fhJ (]k;];jhe:) mtd; Nghuhl;lk; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl;L mtd; rhpahd ,lj;jpy; itf;fg;gl;LtpLthd; (t;at];jhe:) ,iwtdpd; Kiwahd gfph;e;jspg;gpy; xOq;FkPwp vJTk; mtDf;Fhpa ,lk; fpilj;JtpLk;.

ele;JtpLtjpy;iy. jPUk;. (];jhej:)

Kaw;rpfSf;Fj;

jf;fgyd;

fpilj;Nj

re;Njfg;gLk; Kaw;rpahsDf;F tp\;Z ]`];uehkk; j;Ut vd;fpw thh;j;ijia ,e;j thpapd; ,Wjpapy; itj;J> mtd; re;Njfj;ijj; tplhKaw;rpahy; cWjpahfr; jPh;j;Jitj;J> tpjpiaAk; nrhy;fpwJ. mr;rj;ijAk; khw;wptplKbAk; j;Ut: Guhzfhy mfw;WfpwJ> vd;W j;Ut: JUtid

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 44 -

epidTf;Ff; nfhz;L te;J> mtdJ tplh Kaw;rpiaAk; vLj;Jf;fhl;b> mtd; jdJ ,wjp ,yf;fhd (];jhej:) \pk; \{khu rf;uhit mile;jijAk; $WfpwJ. jd;dpr;ir cwit milahsk; tpUg;gk; fhuzkhd nray; gfthd; kw;Wk; jdJ

Co;tpidf;fpilapNy Njhd;Wk; ,e;j khjphpahd gu];gu fhzNtz;Lkhdhy; cr;rfl;l Qhdj;ij (guh;jp:) ekf;Fg; gfph;e;jspf;f Ntz;Lk;. fw;wwpe;j QhdpfSf;F ,e;jg;gfph;e;jspg;gpd; fhuzkhf ,J GhpAk; (guk];g\;l) ekf;Fg;ghpa Ntz;Lkh?

Qhdj;jpd; me;j cr;r epiy vJ? guh;jp:

Co;tpid Kw;wpYk; rkhspf;fKbahj xd;W vd;fpw cz;ik njhpe;J tpl;lhy;> me;j tpjpia nty;y kdpjd; vLf;Fk; Kaw;rpfspd; typik jsh;e;J mtid epiyFiya itj;J eLq;f itj;JtpLk;. tpjpiaAk;> mjd; tpisitAk; njhpe;Jnfhs;s itj;jpUf;fpwhh;. Kbahj Mdhy; epiyapy; jdJ kdpjid fUizahy; gfthd; mtdJ

ek;gpf;iff; fPw;iwj; nja;tPfg; nghwpahf;fp> jd;dk;gpf;if AlDk;> tpNtfj;JlDk; nrayhw;w itf;fpwhh;. fle;j fhyj;ijg; gw;wpa mwpit KOtJkhf kiwj;J tpLtJ gfthdpd;> ghpzhk Qhdtsh;r;rpapd; cr;repiy (guh;jp:) tbtikg;G. ,e;j mikg;Gjhd; cyfj;ijj; njhlh;e;J ,aq;f itj;J> tho;it caph;g;Gs;sjhf Mf;FfpwJ.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 45 -

16. gpwg;G> ,wg;G> %g;Gf;nfy;yhk; mg;ghw;gl;lth;

[d;k k;Uj;A [uhjpf: (966) )
m`: ]k;tj;]u: t;ahd: g;uj;aa: ]h;tjh;]e: m[: ]h;Nt];tu: ]pj;j: ]pj;jp: ]h;thjpur;Aj: (96-101) vd;fpw thpfs; gfthdpd; fhyk; vd;fpw ghpkhzj;ij KOikahf fhyj;jpd; (]h;tjh;]e:) gpugQ;rj;jpd; xt;nthU nraYk; fhy czh;Tf;Fs; mlq;Fk; (g;uj;aa:g;ujpj: g;uf;Qh Fwpg;NgL> =rq;fuh;) mjd; gpugQ;rj;jpYs;s vy;yhNk tpz;ntspapYs;s fhyj;jhy; gjpT nra;ag;gLfpwJ. NkYk; ,e;j tpz;ntspNa vz;zj;jpd; fhyNk vOj;jhsh;. ,e;j vOj;jhsUf;F Ntjj;jpd; mq;fPfhuk; cz;L. mbg;gilapy;jhd; Ntjj;jpd; ]_h;a];a ke;j;u:thd> re;jpahte;jd ke;jpuk; uhj;hp: m`:tpd; (m`: kPz;Lk; tp\;Z ]`];uehkj;jpy;) ,lj;jpy; ,Ue;J nfhz;L ghtq;fisg; Nghf;Fk; fhyg;ghpkhzkhf tpsq;FfpwJ. (uhj;hp: jj; mtYk;gJ) tpsf;FfpwJ. ,q;F ]k;tj;]u: ahUNk =rq;fuuhy; KbahJ fhyhj;keht];jpj: tp\;Z: vd;W Iae;jphpGu tpsf;fg;gLfpwJ. fz;fhzpg;gpypUe;J jg;g

eph;[u: [uhjpf:
gfthDf;F %g;Ngh> mopNth ,y;iy vd;fpw vz;zj;ij kdj;jpy; thq;fpf; nfhs;s g;u`;k;> tptf;j: tpKf;jhj;kh Nghd;w thh;j;ijfs; cgNahfkhf ,Uf;fpd;wd.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 46 -

g;Uf;UjpapypUe;J

(,aw;if

jUk;

cUtj;jpypUe;J?)

tpLgl;lth; gfthd; vd;fpw ghh;itia ,J jUfpwJ. mit moptpd;ik - Kd;Ndw;wkpd;ik Mfpa ,uz;Lf;Fk; eLNt xU epiyia vLf;fpd;wd. eph;[u: vd;fpw me;j moptpd;ikia epWTtjw;F> Kd;Ndw;wk; - th;je: vd;fpw fUj;ij kdj;jpy; thq;fpf; nfhz;L ep&gpf;f Ntz;Lk;. kdpjd; mtDf;Fj; ,yf;Fk; apy;yhj tpz;ntspiaAk;> Kd;Ndw;wj;ij> el;rj;jpuk; fhyj;ijAk; tpUk;Gk; fz;Zf;Fj; NghyNt Kbahj> xU mtd; [Ptd;. NjLk;

JUt

njhpfpwJ.

tiuaWf;fg;gl re;jh;g;gj;ijg;

vy;iyapy;yhj nfhz;L xUtd;

gug;igAila> ntw;wp tha;g;igf; nfhz;lJ. ,e;j vy;iy gad;gLj;jpf; Kd;Ndwp ntw;wpeil Nghl;Nlahf Ntz;Lk;. Kbatpy;iy nad;why; mtd; xU [lk;> ntWk; rijg;gpz;lk;. ,jaf; Fifapy; Mj;krf;jp gj;jpug;gLj;jp

itf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. mJ %g;Gk; mopTk; ,y;yhj xd;whf mtDf;Fj; njhpa Ntz;Lk;. mjd; JizAld; cahpa ,yf;ifailAk; Mty;> #o;epiyAk; re;jh;g;gKk; mspf;Fk; tha;g;G> ,aw;ifapNyNa Vw;gl;Ltpl;l Njit jUk; Cf;fk; ,it kdpjid Kd;Ndw;wj;jpy; ehl;lKs;s cahpa caphpdkhf Mf;Ffpd;wd. Xd;W kw;Wk; gytd Mfpatw;Wf;fpilNa tUtJ Nghy> Vfhj;kh> G+h;Gt];]{t: Mfpa thh;j;ijfSf;fpilNa [d;k k;Uj;A [uhjpf: tUfpwJ.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 47 -

gfthDila

[uhjpf;(%g;gpd;ik)

epWtg;glNtz;L

nkd;why;> me;jg;gytd-nkhj;jj; jd;ik - tp];t&gk;. mZ: g;U`j;f;U]: ];J}y: Fzg;Uj; eph;Fz: k`he; Mfpa tbtq;fspy; fhl;rp jUtijg; ghh;f;f Ntz;Lk;. rkg;gLj;jpg; nghUs; $wpdhy;> Vfhj;kh =k`he; tk;] th;je: ghug;Uj; G+h; Gt]; ]{t: =mZ: g;U`j;F]: ];J}y: Fzg;Uj; eph;Fz: mth; Vfhj;khthf ,Ug;gjhy; ahUila cjtpAk; ,y;yhkNyNa (mj;Uj:) k`hehf ,Uf;fpwhh;. jd;ifNa jdf;Fjtp mth; mth; vd;fpwhPjpapy; ghuj;ijj; ghuj;ijj; (];tj;Uj) jhq;Ffpwhh; jhq;Ffpwhh; [d;k k;Uj;A [uhjpf =mj;Uj: ];tj;Uj: ;th];a: g;uhf;tk;]:

mth;k`hehf ,Uf;fpwhh;. fisg;gpy;yhky; (];th];a:) Kfkyh;r;rpAld; (];th];a:) fhyf;fzf;Fj; njhlq;fpa ehspypUe;Nj mth; ,e;jg; ghuj;ijr; Rke;J tUfpwhh; (g;uhf;tk;]:) njhlh;e;J Rkf;fTk; nra;thh; (tk;]th;je:) mth; me;j Rkf;Fk; ghuk; ehSf;F ehs; mjpfkhfpf; vd;fpw nfhz;Nl ,Uf;fpwJ vd;gij typAWj;jNt gP\;kh; cl;nghUs; nghjpe;j ghug;Uj; thh;j;ijiar; Nrh;f;fpwhh;.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 48 -

,g;gbg;Gfopy; Kd;NdWk; xUtUf;F [uh (%g;G) vd;gJ ,ayhjnjhd;W: ,y;yhjnjhd;W! ahh; Gfog;gLFpwhNuh mth; fjpj: mtUila Gfo; (fjd;) mZ: g;U`j; f;U]: ];J}y: Fzg;Uj; eph;Fz: Mfpa MW thh;j;ijfSf;Fs; mlf;fk; ,tw;wpd; vy;iyf; Fl;gl;L tp];tk; thh;j;ijAUtpy; tpsf;fg;gLFpwJ. ,tw;wpw;fg;ghYk; tp\aq;fis k`he; Nkk;gLj;jg;gl vd;fpw thh;j;ijg; Ntz;ba gpuNahfk;

eWf;Fj;njwpj;jhw;Nghy; nrhy;yp cw;rhf %l;LfpwJ. ]g;jhjpFz u`pje; thj;> epujp]a]_~;kj;thf> epj;a ]{j;j ]h;tfjj;thjpeh rg;ujpge;jfk; jh;k[hjk; jh;fNjh mgp aNjh tf;Jk; e ]f;ak; mj Vt k`he; vd;W nrhy;yp =rq;fuh; k`he; vd;fpw thh;j;ijapd; Moj;ijNa njhl;LtpLfpwhh;. ghug;Uj;Jf;F mLj;j thh;j;ij NahfP. Ntiyg;gS mjpfkhfpf; nfhz;Nl te;jhYk;> gfthd; Kw;Wk; Jwe;j> gw;ww;w NahfpahfNt njhlh;e;J ,Ug;gjhy; mth; k`he; vd;wiof;fg;gLfpwhh;. k`he; jj;Jtk; ,g;gbahf NahfP vd;Wk; thh;j;ijapy; G+uzj;Jtk; ngWfpwJ.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 49 -

17.]e;epah]k;
]e;ah]f;Uj; (588-593) ]k: ]he;j: ep\;lh]he;jp: guhazk; / ]{ghq;f: gfthid ]e;epah]j;ijf; nfhLg;gth; (]e;ah]f;Uj;) vd;wioj;j gpwF - ]e;epah]pfSs; rpwe;j ]e;epah]pahfpa gP\;kh; (NahfP NahfP]:
(853-854)

]e;epah]papd;

Fzhjp

raq;fis tpsf;Ffpwhh;. ]e;epah]p jPa vz;zq;fis mlf;fpahSgth; -jk;: mth;mikjpahdth; - ]k: ]he;jkhf ,Ug;gth; - ]he;jp: fLikahd ep\;ilapdhYk;> cWjpapdhYk; mtUf;F mikjp fpl;bapUf;fpwJ - guhazk;. cly; Rj;jj;ijAk; xOq;fhf ]e;epah]pfs; guhkhpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gij typAWj;j ]`];uehkh ]{ghq;f: vd;W ]e;epah]pia th;zpf;fpwJ. cyfpaiyAk; Md;kPfj;ijAk; ]`];uehkh ,g;gbr;rkkhfg; ghtpg;gjhy; KOikailfpd;wJ.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 50 -

18. ];U\;b - Roy;jj;Jtk; jhjh ajh G+h;tk; mfy;gaj;

gpugQ;rj;jpd; eltbf;if xU Roy; jj;Jtk;. tp\;Z ]`];uehkh k`h`tp: ,ij (680-683) k`hf;Uj: Mfpa k`ha[;th> ehd;F k`haf;Q: thh;j;ijfshy;

nrhy;fpwJ. ,q;F KOg;gpugQ;rKk; k`haf;Q:Tld; xg;G Nehf;fg;gLFpwJ. (af;NQhit tp\;Z: ,jp ];UNj: / ) GJ ];U\;biaj; njhlq;FKd;> Kd;G filg;gpbj;J te;j topvJ vd;Wghh;j;J mNj topapy; (k`ha[;th) ];U\;b jpl;lkplg;gLfpwJ (k`hf;Uj:) [f;Uj: = tiuT> jpl;lk;> fhuzk;] topKiwfs; gpd;gw;wg;gLtjpy; rpwpJ fhyk; fopfpwJ (k`haf;Q:) gpwF mh;g;gzpg;G eilngWfpwJ (k`h`tp:) mh;g;gzpg;Gld; ];U\;b Kbe;JtpLtjpy;iy. kPz;Lk; Muk;gpf;fpwJ. kPz;Lk; jpl;lkply; (k`hf;Uj:) Kd;G nra;j khjphp mNj topapy; eilngWfpwJ (k`ha[;th) topKiwfs; gpd;gw;wg;gl;L (k`haf;Q:) mh;g;gzpf;fg;gLfpwJ. jpUk;gj; jpUk;gf; fhytiuaiuapd;wp ,Nj khjphp ,e;j Row;rp eilngw;Wf; nfhz;Nl ,Uf;fpwJ.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 51 -

19. moF - ]{e;ju: 797

gfthDila ];U\;bapd; moF ]`];uehkhtpy;

jPl;lg;gLfpwJ. vg;nghOnjy;yhk; ]`];uehkh mtuJ moif ]{e;ju: Ng]y: Urpuhq;fj: fdfhq;fjP re;jdhq;fjP - Nghd;w thh;j;ijfshy; Fwpg;gpLfpwNjh mg;nghOnjy;yhk; mtuJ ];U\;bapd; tiuT ];U\;bapd; jpz;ik ];U\;bapd; khah my;yJ kh;kk; my;yJ mwpaKbahj jd;ik ];U\;bapd; jhdpaq;Fk; jd;ik ];U\;bf;Fk; nghUl;fs; ];U\;bapd; njhlh;r;rp - Nghd;wit tpsf;fg;gLfpd;wd. f;Ujfh;kh f;Ujhfk: cj;gt: ]{e;ju: ]{e;Njh ];U\;bfh;j;jhtpd; gy;NtW jpwikfis moFld; (]{e;ju:
797) fPo;fz;lthW fhz;fpNwhk;.

f;;Ujfh;kh - jd;dpr;irahd ];U\;b f;Ujhfk: - ];U\;bf;fhd nghUl;fs; cj;gt: (cj;+gt:) Kd;$l;b mwpaKbahj ];U\;bapd; jd;ik uj;eehg: mw;Gjkhd ];U\;b %yk; ]{Nyhre: Fiwaw;w ];U\;bg;ghh;it ]{e;j: ];U\;bapy; ,uf;f kdg;ghd;ik

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 52 -

mf;&u: Ng]Nyh jN~hj~pz: Ng]y: (916) vd;Dk;

moiff; Fwpf;Fk; nrhy;Yld; mtUila ];U\;bapd; jpwikiaf; fhz;fpNwhk;. (j~: j~pz:)

]{tPNuh Urpuhq;fj: Urpuhq;fj-tpy; (945) gfthdpd; jpwik

%ytsk; ([dNdh [d [d;khjp) kpfg;nghpa tPuk; (gPk: gPkguhf;uk:) Mfpatw;iwg; ghh;f;fpNwhk;.

]{N\z: fefhq;fjP: me;j ];U\;bahsiu (Ntjh:)

mtuJ cly; my;yJ %ytsk; (];thq;f:) ];U\;bghpzhkk;> mtUila fz;bg;ghd ePjp (]{N\z) mth; mij toq;Fk; tpjk; (rf;ufjhju:) ,Wjpapy; mtuJ ];U\;bapd; kh;kkhd mwpTf;$h;ik (F`;a: fgPu: f`e: Fg;j:) Mfpatw;iw fdfhq;fjpAld; (545) ghh;f;fpNwhk;.

];th;zth;Nzh

N`khq;Nfh

tuhq;f];

re;jehq;fjP:

vd;nwy;yhk; mtuJ Gw moFk; th;zpf;fg;gl;LtpLtjhy; ];U\;bapd; moifj; jhd; ]`];uehkh nrhy;fpwJ vd;Dk; fUj;Jg; ghh;f;fTk;) ngha;ahfptpLfpwJ. (ghyyPyh gw;wpa gFjpiag;

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 53 -

20. ]`];uehkhtpy; jha;g;ghrk;

ghrk; jha;g;ghrk;jhd; ehkhtpy; vd;fpw thh;j;ij nrhy;yg;gl;l tp\;Z clNdNa ]`];u ,e;jj;

fz;Kd;dhy;

epw;fpwJ.

gfthdpd;

md;igg;gw;wp

Ngrg;gl;lhy;>

jha;g;ghrk;jhd; me;j md;ig tpsf;Fk; vLj;Jf; fhl;lhff; nfhs;sg;gLfpwJ. tj;]u: tj;]Nyh tj;]{: (471-473): Foe;ijia thj;]y; aj;Jld; miof;Fk; fth;r;rpahd nrhy; tj;]:/ ghyfdhd =,uhkiu tj;]: vd;fpw thh;j;ijahy;jhd; Kjd;Kiwahf tp];thkpj;jpuh; tpspj;jhh;. f;U`hz tj;] ]ypyk; ghG+j; fhytpgh;aa: (gh.fh.23 - 9II): tj;] vd;why; fd;W (mofhd ve;jf; Fl;bAk; tj;]: jhd;!) gRTf;Ff; fd;wplk; cs;s ghrj;ij ehlwpAk;. jha;g;gRTk; mjd; fd;Wf;Fl;bAk; ghrj;ijg; gfph;e;J nfhs;tJ fz;Zf; fpdpa fhl;rp. gfthd; jha;g;gRNghy mth; ek;kplk; gphpakhf (tj;]{) ,Uf;fpwhh;. mth; ekf;nfy;yhk; md;G je;ijahjyhy;

mth;jhd; ekJ thr];jyk; (tj;]u:) ekf;Fg;GfyplKk; mtNu. ek;kplk; nrYj;Jfpwhh;; ghJfhf;fpwhh;> topelj;jTk; nra;fpwhh;. g;u`;kz;a: g;u`;kf;Uj; (667-668) jhd; fl;batPL> jhd; vOjpa Gj;jfk;> jhd; ];U\;bj;j nghUl;fs; Mfpatw;iw xUth; Nerpg;gJ ,ay;ghdJ. ek;ik ];U\;bj;j gfthDk;

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 54 -

ek;ik Nerpf;fpwhh;. ek;kpy; cs;s g;u`;kj;jpd; Mrphpah; mth; (g;u`;kf;Uj;): g;u`;kj;jpd; eyk; tpUk;gp (g;u`;kz;a:) jNgh Ntj];r;r tpg;u];r;r f;Qhek;r g;u`;k ]k;[pjk; Njg;Nah `pjj;thj; - =rq;fuh;.

khjt: (73> 169> 741) khjtd; = yl;Rkpapd; tho;f;ifj;

Jiztd;. gLtJ. = yl;Rkp ekf;nfy;yhk; jd;Dila jhahh;. tho;f;ifj; jhad;G Jiz xd;Wjhd; cah;thdJ. GdpjkhdJ> vy;NyhuhYk; kjpf;fg; vq;nfq;nfy;yhk; tUld; ]`];uehk cyfpy; = yl;Rkp rQ;rhuk; nra;fpwhNsh mq;nfy;yhk; mts; jhad;igNa jdJ ];thrj;jpy; ,Uj;jpf; nfhs;fpwhs;. fhw;wpNy fye;Jk; tpLfpwhs;.

G+fh;g: khjt: (72>73) G+: vd;why; G+kpj;jha;. fh;g: vd;gJ

me;jj;jhapd; jdpr;nrhj;J. ,e;jg; G+kpapy; thOk; ehk; me;jg; gfthdpd; fh;g;gj;jpy; (fh;g:) thOk; NgW ngw;wpUf;fpNwhk;.

khjNth kJ: (169-170) ehk; ftdpg;ghuw;Wf; fplf;ftpy;iy

kJ:thy; cztspf;fg;gl;L ,q;F kJ: Cl;lj;Jld; xU jhapd; ,Uf;fpNwhk;. czh;Tfisg; fisg;Gw;W tPLjpUk;Gk; xUtdJ tapw;wpd;Nky; jhd; jhapd; ghh;itgLkhk;. ngWfpwhh;. grpahy; mOk; rpRTf;Fg; ghy;nfhLf;f tpiuAk; jha;Nghy kJ: tpiufpwhh;.

khjt: gf;jtj;]y: (741-742): ,g;gb khjt: kJ: tiyapy;

rpf;fpapUf;Fk; tpLgl;Lg;Nghd NghJ cgh]fUf;F CLWtpj;jhad;ig gf;jtj;]y: toq;Ffpwhh;. nra;a> G+h;j;jp vy;yhg;ghpkhzq;fspYk;

jha;ikg;gFjpiag;

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 55 -

]`];uehkh Nyhfge;J: Nyhfehj:Tld;> khjt: gf;jtj;]y: it Kd;Diuahfj; jUfpwJ.

khj;UNjNthgt:
m];thjPek; fjk; ijtk; g;uhfhiu: mgpuhj;aNj/ ];thjPek; ]kjpf;uk;a khjuk; gpjuk; FUk;// (mNahj;: 30-33) vd;gJ =,uhkh; thapyhf thy;kPfp nrhy;Yk; ];Nyhfk;. ,uj;jkhfTk;> rijahfTk; ,Uf;Fk; jha; my;yJ je;ijjhd; ekJ ,e;j ngsjPf clYf;Ff; fhuzk;. vdNt mth;fs;jhd; ekJ flTs;. ,e;j cz;ik tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpy; Nfhh;itahf fPo;fz;l thpfshy; tpsf;fg;gLfpwJ. g;ukhzk; g;uhzepya: g;uhzg;Uj g;uhz[Pte:/ jj;tk; jj;ttpj; Vfhj;kh [d;kk;Uj;A [uhjpf:/ G+: Gt: ];t: jU: jhu: ]gpjh g;ugpjh k`:// jhuf thf;a: vd;Dk; ,e;jg;gphpT jhu: vd;Dk;

thh;j;ij gw;wpr; nrhy;fpwJ. gpd;gf;fk; ]gpjh g;ugpjhk`: ,J xU NgUz;ik vd;gij cWjpg;gLj;j g;ukhzk;; vd;fpw me;j thh;j;ij ,e;jg;gphpitj; njhlq;fpitf;fpwJ. jhJf;fshy; Md ,e;j KOg;gpugQ;rKk; (G+: Gt: ];t:) jhtu> gpuhzp ,dq;fshy; cUthf;fg;gl;L (jU:) Vfhj;khthf Muk;gNkh> KbNth> mopNth ,y;yhky; ,Uf;fpwJ. ([d;k k;Uj;A [uhjpf:) g;uhzepya: jj;Jtk; gfthd;jhd; g;uhzdpd; thr];jyk; vd;fpwJ. Rj;jkhd j;itjf; fUj;jhd ,jpy; [Pthj;khTk;> gukhj;khTk; (ciwgth;> ciwtplk;) ,uz;L

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 56 -

jdpj;jdpahd ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;. thh;j;ijahd Kbtjpy;iy.

ghfq;fshfg; ,e;j g;uhzg;Uj;

ghh;f;fg;gl;L

jdpj;jdpahf mLj;j gphpf;f

,uz;L

epiyfisAk; mtw;iwg;

ghh;j;jhYk;

mLj;jgbahf g;uhz[Pte: g;uhzpe: [Ptae;-epy; xNu xU epiyjhd; - vy;yh caphpdq;fspYk; cs;s gpuhzd;. gpwF tUk; jj;tk; vd;Dk; thh;j;ijahy; g;uhz[Pte: jhJf;fspd; uhr;rpaj;ijAk; jd;Dld; Nrh;j;Jf; nfhs;fpwJ. ehd; vd;Wk; jhd; vd;Wk; nrhy;yg;gLk; gfthdpd; mk;rk;jhd; Mj;khthf xt;nthU kdpjdpYk; ciwfpwJ. me;j Mj;khit gpd;Ndhf;fp mioj;Jr; nrd;W mopahj Mj;ktpj;jhfpa gP[kt;aak; vd;fpw gfthDld; Vfhj;khTld; Nrh;j;J itf;f ]`];uehkk; ,Wjpahf Kaw;rp nra;fpwJ. vg;gb? Kjypy;> ,we;JNghd je;ij (]gpjh) gpwF jhj;jh> jhj;jhtpd; %ykhf vs;Sj;jhj;jh (g;ugpjhk`:) MfpNahUld; ekJ Mj;kh rq;fpypj; njhlh;Nghy gbg;gbahfg; gpd;Ndhf;fpr; nrd;W ,izfpwJ. ,e;j rq;fpypj; njhlhpy; gpjhk`: ]hjfiu

mikjpahfTk; gbg;gbahfTk; gpd;Ndhf;fp mioj;Jr; nrd;W> fhyj;jpd; ePz;l neLe;J}uj;jpy;> fz;fhzhky; ,Uf;fpd;w ekJ vs;Sj;jhj;jhtpd; vs;Sj; jhj;jhtplk; Nrh;j;Jg; gpwF mth; %ykhf Vfhj;khTld; ,izj;JtpLfpwJ. ,e;j Vfhj;khjhd; vy;yh caphpdq;fSf;FNk tpijahf ,Uf;fpwJ. nja;tPf tpijahf ,Ue;J (gP[k; + mt;aak;) ntspg;gf;fkhf

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 57 -

KistpLfpd;wJ. ,e;j re;jh;g;gj;jpy; mt;aak;> [d;k k;Uj;A> [uhjpf: tpd; ];jhdj;ij vLj;Jf; nfhs;fpwJ. jhad;igg; gw;wpg; NgrpNdhk;. Cq;fSf;Fj; jhj;jh ghl;bapd; md;igg; gw;wpj; njhpANkh? kfsplk; ghrkpy;yhj je;ij ,Uf;fyhk; Ngudplk; ghrkpy;yhj tpf;lh;`;A+Nfh. 80 cwT jhj;jhitg; jha;g;ghy; kjpg;ngz;fs; KiwiaNa thd; Vwpr; ghh;f;fKbahJ ghh;j;Jf; ghrj;Jf;F Vzpahf;fpf; nrd;why; vd;fpwhh;

nfhLg;gJ xd;iwj; jtpu ghl;bjhd; Nguid KOikahfg; nfhs;fpwhs;. 95k; cq;fs; jhad;Gf;F ,e;j nfhLj;jhy;> ghl;bapd; ghrj;jpw;F 90k;> nfhs;Sg;ghl;bapd; nfhLf;fyhk;. ePq;fs; vs;Sg; nfhz;L gpd;Ndhf;fp>

ghl;bAila

vs;Sg;ghl;bia

neUq;fptplyhk;. cj;juthjk;.

mq;fpUe;J

%ytpijahd Vfhj;khTld;

If;akhdhy; E}W rjtpfpjk; J}a;ikahd md;G cq;fSf;F

flTs; mt;tsT md;G nrYj;Jgtuhf ,Ue;jhy; ekf;F Vd; ,t;tsT Nrhfk;? Vd; ,t;tsT Jd;gk;? ,t;tsT tUj;jk;? FWk;G nra;Ak; Foe;ijiaj; jha; mbg;gJ ehk; fhZk; md;whlf;fhl;rp. nkd;ikahd ,se;jspuida fd;dj;jpy; jdJ ehd;F tpuy;fSk; gbe;J rptf;Fk;gbahf rpyjha;khh;fs; mbg;gijg; ghh;j;jpUf;fpNwhk;. Foe;ijiaj; jha; ntWg;gjhyh mg;gb mbf;fpwhs;? ,y;iy! ,y;yNt ,y;iy! md;gpdhy; ghrj;jhy; tpOe;j mbahfj;jhd; mijf; nfhs;s KbAk;. vjw;fhf mk;kh mbj;jhs;? vd;W Ghpe;Jnfhs;sKbahj
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 58 -

Foe;ijf;Fj; jd; jtWk; njhptjpy;iy: jha; jd;idj; jpUj;j Kaw;rpf;fpwhs; nkd;ikahf vd;gJk; ,y;yhj Ghptjpy;iy. fhyq;fspy; mNjNghy; gfthd; ek;kplk; ekf;Ff;

fLikahdtuhfj; njhpfpwhh;. ehk;gLk; Jd;gKk;> JauKk; ek;ik mg;gb epidf;f itf;fpd;wd. ek;kplk; cs;s ghpthYk; ghrj;jhYk;jhd; ek;ik ey;topg; gLj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;fpw vz;zj;jpy;jhd; mth; ek;ikr; Nrhjpf;fpwhh;. ek;ikj; jz;bg;gJ mth; Nehf;fky;y. mWit rpfpr;ir epGzhpd; ifapYs;s fj;jpiag; Nghd;wJ mth; ifapYs;s MAjk;. me;jf; fj;jpia nfhiyahspapd; ifapYs;s fj;jpAld; xg;G Nehf;ff; $lhJ. jk; ngw;Nwhhplk; nfhs;Sk; ghrj;ij tpl kf;fs; jk; Foe;ijfsplk; mjpfg;ghrj;Jld; ,Ug;gJ epjh;]d cz;ik. mJ mg;gbj;jhd; ,Uf;fNtz;Lk; vd;W ];U\;bkhia eph;zapj;jpUf;fpwJ. tsUk; Foe;ijfsplk; nghq;fpg;ghAk; md;Gnts;sk; jd;dplk; jd; tho;e;J Kbj;jth;fsplk; jhAk; gha;tjpy;iy. ghrkhf je;ijAk;> vt;tsT

,Uf;fpwhh;fs; vd;gij xU kfd; njhpe;J nfhs;tjpy;iy. Mdhy; mNj kfd;> jhd; ngw;w kfdplk; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ghrj;ijNa ngw;wgth;fs; Ntz;Lk;. msTNfhyhff;nfhz;L nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,Nj cjhuzj;jpd;gb> jd;dplk; jd;idg; ekJ ghrj;ij msf;fg;gof

ekf;nfy;yhk;

ngw;Nwhh;f;nfy;yhk; - je;ijahf tpsq;Fk; gfthd; ek;kplk; vt;tsT md;Gfhl;Lfpwhh; vd;gij ek;khy; Ghpe;Jnfhs;s Kbtjpy;iy. mthplk; ehk; gf;jpAldpUf;fpNwhkh ,y;iyah vd;gijnay;yhk; mth; ghh;g;gjpy;iy. kiyAr;rpapypUe;Jj;
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 59 -

jhdhff; fPopwq;fp XbtUk; ePNuhl;lk; Nghy gfthdpd; md;G ek;nky;NyhiuAk; Nehf;fp te;J nfhz;NlapUf;fpwJ. mtUf;F ek;kplk; ,Uf;Fk; md;G kpfkpf ,aw;ifahdJ. Mdhy; ehk; mthplk; nfhs;Sk; gf;jp me;j msTf;F ,aw;ifahdjy;y.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 60 -

21. nja;tPfg; Nghpd;gk;

ee;jp: ee;jp: (565 - 624) xU Gj;jfj;jpd; gilg;ghspf;F mtuJ thrfh; mtrpak;.

,y;iynad;why; tpLfpwJ.

ciog;G

gadw;wjhfp

cd;dpg;ghff; Nfl;L fUj;Jf;fis kdj;jpy; thq;fp ,Uj;jpf; nfhs;sf; $ba kf;fs; $l;lj;jpy;jhd; xU Ngr;rhshpd; Ngr;R vLgLk;. fhjy; tag;gl;l xU cs;s Mzpd; xU czh;Tfs;> ngz;zplk; mNj fhjy;

czh;TfSld;

nfhs;tjhy;jhd; epiwTngWk;. Urpahfr; rikf;Fk; rikay;fhudpd; jpwd; Urpj;J cz;gth;fshy;jhd; kjpf;fg;gLk;. ,g;gb ,th;fs; vy;NyhUila kfpo;r;rpANk> kw;wth;fspd; kdepiwitAk;> jpUg;jpiaANk rhh;e;jpUf;fpwJ. Rje;jpukhd kfpo;r;rp - jd;dpy; jhNd kfpo;tJ vd;gnjy;yhk; ,th;fshy; Kbahj fhhpak;. epiyik ,g;gb ,Uf;Fk;NghJ nja;tPfg; Nghpd;gk; re;Njfj;ij gw;wpf; Nfl;fth Ntz;Lk;? me;j cr;rfl;l nja;tPfg; Nghpd;gk; vd;gJ vd;d? ]`];uehkh ,e;j epth;j;jp nra;jhfNtz;Lk;. ,y;iynad;why; rpd;d]k;]a: (629) jtwhd jftiyg; ngw;WtpLthd;.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 61 -

f:

fpk;

aj;

Nghd;w

vy;yhf;

Nfs;tpfSf;Fk;

tpilaspf;ff; $ba gfthd; Cikahf ,Uf;f KbAkh? tpilf;fhf ]`];uehkhtpd; Moj;ijj; Njhz;Lk;nghOJ (itfhe:) ,e;jr; rthiyr; re;jpj;J ];t~: ];tq;f: ]jhee;j: ee;jp: ahf epd;W gjpy; nrhy;fpwhh;fs; (]hkfhae:). gfthdpd; Nyhfj;uah];ua: czh;e;jpUf;fpwhh;. mwpTj;jpwd; Mifahy; gfthd; clyhy; ghpG+uzkhdJ. KOikngw;W mth; vy;yh

vy;yhtw;iwAk;

,d;gq;fisAk; mDgtpf;fpwhh;: - ]jhee;j: kdpjh;fSs; rpyUila kfpo;r;rpapd; vy;iy

Gj;jfq;fisj; jhz;bg; Nghtjpy;iy. mLj;jthpd; kfpo;r;rp rpdpkh my;yJ ehlfj;Jld; epd;WtpLfpwJ. ,d;ndhUth; ehf;F Urpapy; kfpo;r;rpailfpwhh;. ,g;gbahf kdpj ,d;gq;fs; FWfpa tiuaiwf;Fl;gl;bUf;fpd;wd. ,jw;F vjph;kiwahf gfthd; ]jhee;j: thf ,Uf;fpwhh;. ,q;F ]jk; vd;why; gy. ]jk; rpwpa vz;zpf;ifahf NtnwhU cq;fSf;Fj; gFjpapypUe;J Njhd;wpdhy;> kpfg; nghpa ]`];uehkhtpd;

gytw;iwg; ngw mee;j&g: itAk;> mee;j =: iaAk; fld; thq;fpf;nfhs;syhk;. ekJ apypUe;J mth; ,d;gq;fnsy;yhk; ekf;Fj; kfpo;fpwhh;. epiwtiltjw;F Njitg;gLfpwJ ,e;j ntsp vd;W

Vjhtnjhd;W

ghh;j;Njhk;. Mdhy; gfthdpd; Mde;jk; jd;dpiwthdJ. jd;dpy;jhNd vz;zj;ijj; njspTgLj;jpf;nfhs;s [pjhkpj;u: g;uNkhje: Mde;Njhee;jd: ee;j: (527-531) vd;W gfthDila Mde;jk; tphpthf Kd;G
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 62 -

tpsf;fg;gl;lij epidT$h;Nthk;. ,q;F ee;jp: ia g;uNkhje: vjph; Nehf;FfpwJ. ];thj;khk;Uju]h]; vd;fpwhh; =rq;fuh;. mDgtpf;fpwhuhk; gfthd;. kdpjdpd; Nghpd;gj;jpw;Fk; gpwiur;rhh;e;jpUg;gJ ,d;g cs;s gpd;dJ Efh;Tf;Fk;> ,Jjhd;. Rje;jpukhdJ. nja;tPfg; Kd;dJ jd;dpNy thjhj; epj;ak; g;uNkhjNe jhNd

jd;Dila

mKjj;ijj;

tpj;jpahrk;

tsh;e;J> jd;dpy; mlq;fp jhNd jhq;FtJ nja;tPfg;Nghpd;gk;. ];t~: ];tq;f: ]jhee;j: Mfpatw;Wld; kdpjd; XusTf;Fj; njhlh;G nfhs;sf;$Lk;. Mdhy; ee;jp: Aila njhlh;Ngh> Kw;wpYkhf vy;yhtw;iwAk;tplr; rpwe;jjhd gfthDilaJ. gfthd; gf`h ee;jP vd;W nrhd;d NghJ ee;jp: apd; (565) kw;nwhU nja;tPff; Nfhzj;ijf; fz;Bh;fs;. nry;tk;> ngUQ;nry;tk;> kpfr;rpwe;j nropg;G Mfpatw;iw gf` xUq;Nf ngw;w gfthd; mth;. vd;fpw thh;j;ijf;F

Nehpilahd nghUs; ,Wjpg; Nguoptpd;NghJ nry;tj;ij mopg;gth; vd;gjhFk;. ,Ue;jhYk; me;j thh;j;ij vy;yhr; nry;tj;ijAk; gwpnfhLj;Jtpl;l gfthdpd; epiyiaf; Fwpg;gjhfTk; nfhs;syhk;. (gfthDf;Fk; gf`htf;FkpilNa j;te;j;th vd;fpw ,ul;il thh;j;ij eak; fhz;f) gfthd; mtw;iw nry;tjijg; ngw;wpUe;jhYk; (gf`h) mth; (gfthd;)

,oe;jpUe;jhYk;

ngUkfpo;r;rp
- 63 -

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

Ailatuhfj;jhd; nrhy;fpwJ. Ke;ija cWjpg;ghL. nja;tPfg;

,Uf;fpwhh;

vd;gij

ee;jP:

,q;F

epiy gpe;ijaNjh

ghpG+h;zkhd nja;tPfj;

kdpj

tho;tpd;

jd;ikAilj;J. gfthdpy;

,g;gbj;jhd; ee;jP ee;jp: Mfpathh;j;ijfs; ]`];uehkhtpy; Nghpd;gj;ijg; gfthDld;> gfthDf;fhfNt itj;jpUf;fpd;wd.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 64 -

22. gfthDldhd neUf;fk; .

]j;fjp: ]j;f;Ujp: ]j;jh ]j;G+jp: ]j;guhaz: / ]_uN]e: aJ];Nu\;l: ]e;epth]: ]{ahKe: //(704-712) flTs; cs;sj;jpy; ciwfpwhh;. cz;ik! MdhYk; cgh]fh; gpuhh;j;jidapYk;rhp> Mth`ek; nra;jhYk;rhp> gf;jpAld; Ngr tpioe;jhYk;rhp> gfthd; jd;Kd; Njhd;w Ntz;Lnkd;Wjhd; tpUk;Gthh;. ,e;j khjphp re;jh;g;gq;fis vjph;Nehf;fp> gfthd; jahh;epiyapy;jhd; ,Uf;fpwhh;. cgh]fh; ]j;guhaz: ]e;epth]: vd;W cr;rhpf;f Ntz;baJjhd;flTs; cgh]fh; Kd; ,Ug;ghh;! rhjhuz MfpNahhplk; ey;y kdpjh;fs; ,uf;fk; ,d;Dk; jho;e;jth;fs; ]_uh;fs;

gfthd;

nfhs;fpwhh;.

FLk;gj;jpy; mjd; Nkw;ghh;itahsuhf tho;tijNa mth; Njh;e;njLf;fpwhh; (]_uN]e:) ahjt Fyj;jpy; gpwe;J mjd; gpujhd khYkpahf ,Ue;J top elj;Jfpwhh;. (aJ];Nu\;l:) ,ilah;Fyr; rpWth;fSld; jhpR epyj;jpy; tpisahLfpwhh;. aKid ejpf;fiuapy; khLNka;f;fpwhh; (]{ahKe:) mNj Neuj;jpy; tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpd; vspikahd cgh]fUf;F gf;jp ciuahlypd; NghJ ]e;epth]: vd;W nrhd;dTld; Nehpy; Njhd;WtjhfTk; cWjp mspf;fpwhh;. ]j;guhaz: ]e;epth]: vd;fpw ke;jpu thh;j;ijfshy; fl;Lz;L ,iwtd; cgh]fh; Kd;epw;fpwhh;.
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 65 -

]`];uehkhtpd; epiwT
=tp\;Z ]`];uehkhTk;> =kj; gftj; fPijAk; xNu fUj;Js;s ];Nyhfq;fisr; nrhy;yp epiwT nra;tJ mtw;wpd; rpwg;G. ]h;tjh;khe; ghpj;a[;a kNkfk; ]uzk; t;u[ / m`k;j;th ]h;tghNgg;Nah Nkh~ap\;ahkp kh]{r:// vd;Dk; ];Nyhfj;ij ];Nyhfj;ijg; gftj;fPijapd; gP\;kh; mg;gbNa Ghpe;Jnfhs;s kFlkhf gpujp tpsq;Fk; ,e;j mjpy; ,uz;L

vLf;fpwhh;. Kjypy;>

Ntz;Lnkd;why;>

ez;gh;fSf;fpilNaahd

rf[j;tj;ij

ghh;f;fNtz;Lk;. ]h;tjh;khe; ghpj;a[;a vd;W =fpU\;zh; nrhd;dhy; vy;yhjh;kq;fisAk; fhw;wpy; gwf;f tpl;LtpL vd;W nghUs;nfhs;sf; $lhJ. jdJ mLj;j fUj;jhd kNkfk; ]uzk; t;u[ (vd;idr; ruzil: ehd; nrhy;tijr; nra;) vd;gjid typAWj;jNt mth; mg;gbr; nrhd;dhh;. (vd;dplk; ez;gdplk; $Wk; glyhk; - tR=) gfthd;; khjphpahd Vw;Wf;nfhs; vd;W nrhd;dhYk; tha;e;j rhp. te;Jtpl;lhay;yth? vy;yhtw;iwAk;

vd;dplk; tpl;LtpL> ehd; ghh;j;Jf; nfhs;fpNwd; vd;W MWjy;nkhopahff;$l mJ ghtpf;fg;

Gwf;fzpj;JtpL vd;W nrhd;dhYk;rhp. ,uz;ilANk xNu Md;kPf Kf;fpaj;Jtk; thh;j;ij fshfj;jhd; ehk; Vw;Wf; nfhz;lhf Ntz;Lk;.
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 66 -

NjtfP ee;je: ];u\;lh ~pjP]: ghgeh]: / ]q;fg;Uj; ee;jfP rf;hP ]hh;q;fjd;th fjhju: // vd;gJjhd; =tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpd; cr;rfl;l epiwTiu. Njtfpapd; fPijapd; flTs; ];u\;l;lh ~pjP]: ghgeh]: Mfpa thh;j;ijfisj; njhlh;e;J fhl;rpg;gbkj;jpy; tUfpwhh;. ];u\;l;lh vd;why; ];U\;bfh;j;jh. gfthd; ];U\;b fh;j;jhthifahy; g;Nuufh. gfthdpd; ,aq;FfpNwhk;. vd;fpw ifapy; ehk; ntWk; fUtpahfj;jhd; elf;fpwJ nra;Ak; ehk; ike;jd; =fpU\;zh; =kj;gftj;

mth;

,af;fj;jpy;jhd; ,Uf;Fk;NghJ

vy;yhk;

jplek;gpf;if

fhhpaq;fshy; ghtk; tpisAk; vd;fpw vz;zNk ekf;F tUtjpy;iy. ,e;j rpj;jhe;jk; fh;kz;Nath mjpfhu: Nj vd;Dk; =kj; gftj;fPijapd; fUj;Jld; xj;Jg;NghfpwJ. mLj;j thh;j;ijahd ~pjP]h vd;why; murd;.

gfthd;jhd; cd;Dila murd; - eP mtUila gpui[. murfl;lisf;F mbgzptJ xU gpui[apd; flik. =rq;fuh; ~pjP]:it nrhy;fpwJ. =,uhkh;jhd; ]j;ajh;k guhf;uk: mth; $Wk; rj;jpaj;ijAk; jh;kj;ijAk; gpd;gw;W. cdf;Fg; ghtk; tuhJ. ]h;t ghNgg;Nah Nkh~ap];ahkp vDk; fPijapd; =,uhkuhff; nfhs;fpwhh;. vdNt> tp\;Z ]`];uehkk; =,uhkiu cdJ murd;- cdJ flTs; vd;W

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 67 -

thpfs;

]`];uehkhtpd;

ghgeh]e:

Tf;fhf

epw;fpd;wd

vd;gij ,g;nghOJ Jy;ypakhfg; Ghpe;J nfhz;bUg;gPh;fs;. ghgeh]e: itj; njhlUk; thh;j;ijfs; =fpU\;zhpd; kh]{r: czh;it ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;wd. ]q;fg;Uj; ee;jfP rf;hP ]hh;q;fjd;th fjhju: ujhq;fghzp uN~hg;a: ]h;tg;u`uzhAj: mN~hg;a: vd;wiof;fg;gLk; - ntw;wp nfhs;sNt Kbahj me;jg; gfthd; cgNahfpf;Fk; MAjq;fspd; fz;fhl;rp ,J. ]h;tg;u`uzhAj: vd;Dk; filrp thh;j;ij ve;j ,f;fl;lhd #o;epiyiaAk; gfthd; re;jpf;fty;y> vy;yhtpjkhd vd;gijg; MAjq;fisAk; giwrhw;WfpwJ. mga tuj `];j: vd;W nrhy;yg;gLk; gfthdpd; ,uf;fj;ijAk;> fhf;Fk; fuq;fisAk; gf;jh;fSf;fhf MAjq;fisj; jhpj;j mN~hg;a: cWjpnra;fpwhh;. Mifahy; =tp\;Z]`];uehkh> ,iwtidf; fz;L gpbf;Fk; Kaw;rpapy; <Lgl;lth;fSf;fhf fPo;f;fz;l thh;j;ijfisr; nrhy;yp epiwT nra;fpwJ. vd;dplk; th! ehd;nrhy;Yk; Neh;ikahd topiag; gpd;gw;W! me;j topapy; cdf;F VNjDk; ,lh; Vw;gl;lhy; ehd; cd;idf; fhg;ghw;WNtd;. ehd; ]h;tg;u`uzhAj: vd;gijg; Ghpe;Jnfhs; Jf;fg;glhNj kh]{r: /
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 68 -

itj;jpUf;fpwhh;

(IV) 1. jh;khpd; 6 Nfs;tpfSk; mjd;tpilfSk;

fpNkfk; ijtjk; NyhNf fpk; thg;Nafk; guhazk; / ];Jte;j: fk;fkh;r;re;j: g;uhg;Eah; khdth: Rgk; // Nfhjh;k: ]h;tjh;khzhk; gtj: guNkh kj: / fpk; [ge; Kr;aNj Ie;J}h; [d;k ]k;]hu ge;jehj; // 1. rh];jpuq;fspy; fUJfpwPh;fs;? kpf cah;e;j nja;tkhf xg;gw;w

nja;tkhff; $wg;gLk; nja;tk; ve;j nja;tk; vd;W

(fpNkfk; ijtjk;) Njt: vd;fpw thh;j;ij ]`];uehkhtpy;

1. g;U`j;ghE: MjpNjt: Gue;ju: (335) 2. cj;gt: N~hgz: Njt: (376) 3. fg];jpNekp: MjpNjt: ]j;t];j: k`hNjt: ]pk;`: G+jkN`];tu: (493) Mfpa 3 ijNt]:

,lq;fspy; tUfpwJ. Gdpjkhd> gioikahd ekJ vy;yhg;gpuhh;j;jidfSk; #hpaidj;jhd; Jjpf;fpwJ. VNjh Njt: ,jpke;j;u th;zhj; vd;fpw thpfis =rq;fuh; Nkw;Nfhs;fhl;b cj;gt:. vd;fpw thpf;F ciunaOJfpwhh;.
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 69 -

Kd;dpWj;Jfpd;wd

(g;U`j;ghE:)

me;jr; #hpaidj;jhd; ]`];uehkk; MjpNjt: vd;W

eu]pk;`htjhuhj;jpy; =k`h tp\;Z vy;yhtw;Wf;Fk; ]hukhf mth;jhd; ,Uf;fpwhh; thrk; vy;yh (]j;t];j:) nra;fpwhh; mth;jhd; (G+jhth]:) flTshfTk; vy;yh[Ptd;fspYk;

caphpdq;fspd;

,Uf;fpwhh;. (G+jkN`];tu:) vdNt fpNkfk; ijtjk; vd;Dk; Nfs;tpf;fhd ,Wjptpil ]`];uehkhjhd;. 2. ,fk;> guk; Mfpa ,uz;bYk; tpUg;gKld;

milaj;jf;f nghUshf ,Ug;gJ vJ?

(fpNkfk; guhazk;) ]j;ajh;kguhaz: (874) ]he;jp:

guhaz: (591> 592) ,tw;wpy; ,jw;fhd tpil kpf vspikahfr; nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ. gfthNd ekJ ,Wjp ,yf;fhf (guhazk;) (]he;jp:) ]j;ak;> ,Ug;gjhy;> jh;kk;> ekJ ,yf;if ]he;jp Mfpatw;wpd;

%ykhfj;jhd; milaKbAk;. 3. ahiug;Gfo;e;Jghb ngwKbAk;? topgl;lhy; cah;e;j ];jt;a: eyidg; ];jtg;hpa:

(fk;];Jte;j:)

,e;jf;Nfs;tp

];Njhj;uk;: ];Jj: (684-687) Mfpathh;j;ijfSld; njhlh;G nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. k`hf;uNkh k`hfh;kh k`hNj[h: kN`huf: vd;fpw thp fhaj;hP k`hke;jpuj;ijAk;> k`hf;uJ: k`ha[;th k`af;Q: k`h`tp:

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 70 -

vd;fpw

thp

gpugQ;rj;jpd;

Roy;

jj;Jtj;ijAk;

tpsf;Ffpd;wd. ,it ,uz;LNk gfthdpd; Jjpghb mtiuaila cjTk; fUtpfs;. ,q;F ];Njhj;uk; vDk; thh;j;ij ,e;jf; Nfs;tpf;fhd ,Wjptpil ]`];u ehkhNt vd;gijr; nrhy;fpwJ. 4. ahiu kdjhy; jpahdpj;Jk;> thf;fhy; jpUehkq;fisr; nrhy;ypAk;> kyh;nfhz;L ifapdhy; mh;r;rpj;Jk; ngWjw;fwpa gyidg; ngw KbAk;? (fk; mh;r;rd;j:) mh;r;rp\;khe; mh;r;rpj: epj;ak; g;u`;krh;a t;uNj ];jpj: (]{.fh.35-12) vd;Dk; thpfs; MQ;rNeah; =,uhkiug;gw;wpr; rPjh gpuhl;baplk; $wpait. ]`];uehkk; =kj; ,uhkhazj;jpype;J ,e;j thh;j;ijfis vLj;jhz;L mh;r;rp\;khd; mh;r;rpj: Fk;g: tp]{j;jhj;kh tpN]hje: (639-643) vd;W $WfpwJ. kpd;Dfpd;w xspia mh;r;rp\;khd; Fwpf;fpd;wJ. ,e;j xspiag; ngw;Wj;jhd; #hpad;> re;jpud;> el;rj;jpuq;fs; Mfpaitnay;yhk; gpufhrpf;fpd;wdthk;. me;j kpd;Dk; xspjUk; nghUs; jhd; tzq;fg;gLfpwJ. tp];tk; vd;Dk; ,e;jg; gpugQ;rj;ijj; jhq;Fk;

ghidahf Fk;g ,Uf;fpwJ (Fk;gtj; m];kpe;]h;tk; g;ujp\;l;ljk; - =rq;fuh;) Fk;g: vd;fpw thh;j;ijapd; %ykhf gP\;kh; cUtkpy;yhj tp];tj;jpw;F xU cUtj;ijj; ju tpUk;Gfpwhh;.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 71 -

Vndd;why; tzq;F tjw;F xU jpz;kkhd cUtk; Njitg;gLfpwJ. tzq;Ftjw;F Ntz;Lk; ,g;nghOJ> ]`];uhh;r;rp: ]g;j[p`;th: ]g;ijjh: ]g;jth`e: / m%h;j;jp: mNef: mrpe;j;a: // (830-836) Mfpatw;iwj; jUfpwhh;. ,q;F ]`];uhr;rp: mh;r;rp\;khdpd; (Mapuk; fpuzq;fisf; nfhz;l #hpa gfthd;) tbit vLj;Jf; nfhs;fpwhh;. Fk;g: ,e;j ,lj;jpy; jpwf;fg;gl;L m%h;j;jp: mrpe;j;a: Mfpait ntsptUfpd;wd. tp]{j;jhj;kh> tpN]hje:tpd; nghUs;nrwpthd vd;W xU cWjpahd gf;jh;fSf;F cUtk; gP\;kh; Nfl;Fk;

tbtkhf me;j: thf khWfpwhh;. epidj;Jg; ghh;f;fNt Kbahj (mrpe;j;a:) cUkpy;yhjtuhf (m%h;j;jp:) ,Ue;jhYk; Gdpjkhd (me;j: tp]{j;jhj;kh) me;jf;flTis vg;gb tzq;FtJ vd;fpw re;Njfj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; ]Fz cgh]fhpd; Fog;gj;ijj; jdpf;Fk; tpjkhf (gaeh]e:) ]`];uehkh mtiu ]`];uhh;r;rp:ia tzq;FkhW gzpj;JtpLfpwJ. ]`];uhh;r;rpf;F xUtbtk; ,Ue;jNghjpYk; mtiu miltJ fbdk;. mLj;JtUk; thh;j;ijfshd ]g;j[p`;t: ]g;ijjh: ]g;jth`e:/
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 72 -

Mfpait ]g;j[p`;t:

me;j

J}uj;ij ,Wjpapy;

flf;f

cjTfpd;wd. cs;s gaDs;s

vd;fpw

VOehf;Ffs; ]`];uehkh

mf;dpf;flTis xsptpLgtdhfpa ]kpjh:

tbtkhfg; ghpe;Jiuf;fpwJ. VOtif ]kpj;Jfshy; ]g;ijjh:Tf;F M`{jpahFk; %ykhf ,Wjpahf ]g;jth`e:

]`];uhh;r;rpia mile;J tpLfpwJ. 5. vy;yhj; jUkq;fspYk; rpwe;j jUkkhfj; jq;fshy; kdjhuf; fUjg;gLk; gtj: vd;W jUkk; guNkh vJ? kj:) (Nfhjh;k tp\;Z Nkilf;F ]h;tjh;khzhk; g;uaf;jh ah;tf;Q

]`];uehkhtpd; mbj;jsk; jh;kk; Nkh~jh;khjPehk; ]`];uehk =rq;fuuhy; gP\;kh; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gLfpwhh;. jh;khpd; MWNfs;tpfSf;fhd gjpy;fspy; jh;kk; Kd;Dhpik ngWfpwJ. ]`];uehkhtpd; fUg;nghUshfNt jh;kk; mike;Jtpl;bUf;fpwJ. gjpy;fspy; jh;kk; MW Nfs;tpfSf;fhd ngWfpwJ Kd;Dhpik

Nfs;tpfSf;Fj; jiyik jhq;Fk; Nfhjh;k: tpd; f: mjhtJ f: fpk; aj; vd;gjw;F tpilaspf;f ,ijtplr; rpwg;ghdJ VJkpy;iy vd;W fUJk; msTf;F ]`];uehkh mEj;jk gjj;ij (738) (guNkhkj:) ,Wjp ,yf;fhf tpthpf;fpwJ. ]`];uehkh jh;kj;ijg;gw;wpg; NgRk; Kjy; thh;j;ij jh;khj;a~: (jh;kj;ij ed;F mwpe;jtd;)

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 73 -

,j;Jld; Nyhfhj;a~: ]{uhj;a~: j;hpj]hj;a ~: (539) Mfpathh;j;ijfSk; Nrh;e;J vy;yh cyfq; fSf;Fk;> mjpYs;s kf;fSf;Fk; jh;kk;jhd; jiyik jhq;FfpwJ vd;gijr; nrhy;fpd;wd. Nyhfhj;a~: (cyfq;fis ed;F mwpe;jtd;)

]{uhj;a~: (Njth;fis ed;F mwpe;jtd;) Mfpait jdpj;jdp Nyhfq;fisr; nrhd;dhYk; jhpj]hj;a~: (Njth;fisf; fhg;ghw;wpatd;) vy;yh Nyhfq;fisAk; Fwpg;gjhff; nfhs;syhk;. Vndd;why; jiyth; vd;gij fhyNjtDkhthh; jh;khj;a~f: %TyifAk; $wg;gl;lJ. khwpdhh;. jh;kj;jpDldhd ,uz;lhtJ re;jpg;G xs\jk; [fj:N]J: ]j;ajh;kguhf;uk: (288-290)tpy; epfo;fpwJ. rJh;Ntjh g[e;Nj khk; [eh: ]{f;Ujpe: mh;[P: Mh;j;Njh [pf;Qh]{: mh;j;jhh;j;jP f;Qhep r gujh;\g: fPij (7-15) thpfSld; ,e;jf; fUj;J xj;Jg;NghfpwJ. %Tyfq;fl;Fk; j;hpgj: vd;gij fLikapYk; jhq;Ffpwhh;. gpwF =fpU\;zh; j]h gfthd;jhd; gfthNd nrhy;fpwJ.

nrhy;fpwJ.

fLikahdtuhf jh;khj;a~:tpd; jh;khj;a~thf

fz;fhzpg;gpy;jhd; gP\;kuhy; ]`];uehkk; KOJk;

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 74 -

tho;tpd; kiwaf; $ba> mopaf; $ba tp\aq;fisr; rkhspf;f tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpd; [fj: N]Jit ehlNtz;Lk;. jh;kj;ijAk; Jah; Jilf;f mh;j;j: rj;jpaj;ijAk; mwpTWj;jg; guhkhpf;FkhW

gLfpwhh;. tpahjpAk; Jd;gKk; epr;rakhf kdpjidf; flTsplk; nrYj;JfpwJ. (xs\jk;) uhNkh tpuhNkh tpuNjh khh;f;Nfh NeNaheNah ]ea: / tPu: rf;jpkjhk; ];Nu\;Nlh jh;Nkh jh;k tpJj;;jk: (395-405) jh;kk; mwpe;jtUs; =,uhkh; Kjy;th; (jh;Nkh tpJj;jk:). =,uhkh; fhl;ba topapy; jh;kk; gpd;gw;wg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;W tp\;Z ]`];uehkh nrhy;fpwJ. kdpjdpd; vy;yh rhjidfSk; (k`hkf:) jh;kj;jpy; fl;lg;glNtz;Lk; (jh;kA+g:) jh;kj;ij ikakhff; nfhz;L mq;fpUe;J xspf;fpuzq;fs; Gwg;glNtz;Lk;. jh;kj;jpw;Fg; Gwk;ghfg;gzk; rk;ghjpg;gij ]`];uehkh mDkjpf;ftpy;iy. jh;kj;jhy; jh;kj;jpw;fhfNt gzk; rk;ghjpf;f Ntz;Lkhk; (jh;kf;Uj;> jh;kP) Mde;j: ee;je:ee;j ]j;ajh;kh Mfpa thh;j;ijfs; jh;kk;jhd; kfpo;r;rpapd; %yk; vd;W $Wfpd;wd. ]e;ah ]f;Uj; ]k: ]he;jp: ep\;lh ]he;jp: guhazk; (587-592) vd;W nrhy;Yk;NghJ top> jh;k xU Qhdpahf ]he;jpail tjw;fhd topfisg; gpd;gw;WtJjhd;

vd;fpwJ ]`];uehkk;.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 75 -

fhyjh;k: Njrjh;k: [hjpjh;k: uh[jh;k vd;W fpisfs; gy nfhz;ldthf jh;kk; ,Ue;jhYk; ,d;Wk; jh;kk; vd;W epidg;gJ ehis mjh;kkhfptplf; $Lk;. Mifahy; nra;td nra;gtdhf (f;Ujhf;Uj;) ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W ]`];uehkh nrhy;yptpLfpwJ. 6. gpwj;jy; tsh;j;jy;> %g;nga;jy;> ,wj;jy;> Gz;a

ghtq;fSf;Nfw;gg; gaid mDgtpj;jy; Mfpatw;iwf; nfhz;l caph;fs; vij [gpj;Jg; gpwtpj;jisapypUe;J tpLglKbAk;? (Nkhl;r rhjdj;ijj; jUtJ vJ?)

fpk;[ge;:
Gz;a ];utz fPh;j;je: . mee;j &g: mee;j =: (922-933) Gz;a];tuz fPh;j;je: vd;Dk; thh;j;ijf;Fg; gpwF ]`];uehkk;> ehk];kuiz my;yJ [gj;jpw;fhd gy];Ujpiar; nrhy;fpwJ. mee;j &g: mee;j = Mfpa ,ul;il thh;j;ijfshy; gy];Ujp Kb#l;lg;gLfpwJ. cjTk; mit [gj;jpd;NghJ gad;gLj;jpf; gfthidaila fUtpahfg;

nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;. mee;j &g:Tk;> mee;j =: Ak; xd;W $ba epiyapy; mJNt ]`];uehkh Mjhpj;Jg; NgRk; ,yl;rpa [gkhfptpLfpwJ.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 76 -

gpd;Diu
]`];uehkh mf;dp kpfTk; gQ;rG+jq;fis ghpRj;jkhdjhf cjTfpwJ. tzq;fr; nrhy;ypg; mJ

ghpe;Jiuf;fpwJ vd;gijj; njhpe;J nfhz;Nlhk;. mtw;Ws; ,Ug;gjhy; Njh;e;njLf;fg;gLfpwJ (ghte: tp]{j;jhj;kh). ghpRj;jkhd mf;dp Rj;jg;gLj;jTk; gw;wpg; NgRk;NghJ mf;dpapy;jhd; ];Glk; ghte: mey: (293-294) mf;dptPRk; ghte:Tk;> vl;Lk;NghJ mila Nghl;Lj; NghLjy; vd;fpw Rj;jg;gLj;Jjy; epfo KbAk;. mf;dpiag; ]`];uehkh vd;gijAk; nrhy;fpwJ. ,it J}a;ikaspg;gijak;> mUs; Ghptjpy; mey:Tk; gf;jpapd; cjTfpwJ. jpUg;jpapd;ikiaAk; tzq;fg;gLk; ,Wjp ,yf;fhd $wpdhYk; ,e;j ];jhdj;ij mdiyf;Fwpg;gjhfTk; nfhs;syhk;.

]g;j[p`;t:thfTk; ]g;ijjh: thfTk;> cUkhw;wk; ngw;W tp]{j;jhj;khit ];Glk; tp]{j;jhj;khjhd;

J}a;ikg;gLj;jg;gl;l kpfg;ghpRj;jkhd cah;e;j ,yf;F.

2. cUt topthL
topghl;Lf;F cUtk; mtrpak;. ve;j cUtKkpy;yhky; gpuhh;j;jid nra;tJ f\;lk;. fPjhr;rhhpad; nrhy;tJNghy f;NyN]hjpfju: Nj\hk; mt;af;jh]f;j Nrj]hk;/ mt;af;jh`p fjp: J: fk; Nj`thg;jputhg;aNj// (fPij 12.2)
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 77 -

ekf;F

clYzh;T

,Uf;Fk;tiu

(,e;jf;

Fiwghl;bypUe;J kPs;tJ fbdk;) cUtkpy;yhj nghUis tzq;FtJ f\;lkhd tp\ak;. Mifahy;jhd; =fpU\;zh; nrhy;fpwhh;. ka;ahNt];a kNehNa khk; epj;aAf;jh cgh]Nj / ];uj;jah guNahNgjh: NjNk Af;jjkh: kjh: // ,g;nghOJ ,uz;L tp\;Z]`];uehkh ,e;j tp\ak; cUt kpfTk; topghl;Lg; tphpthf

gpur;rpidia vg;gb mZFfpwJ vd;W ghh;g;Nghk;. fPo;f;fz;l ,lq;fspy; myrg;gLfpwJ. 1. ]k;gNth ghtNeh gh;j;jh g;ugt:g;uGhP];tu: / ];tak; G+: ]k;Guhjpj;a: G\;fuh~: k`h]; te: //(31-41) 2. G\;fuhN~h k`hkeh: gfthd; gf`h ee;jP tekhyP `yhAj: / Mjpj;a: [;Nahjpuhjpj;a: ]h`p\;Z: fjp]j;jk:// (561-571) gf;jh;fspd; gy;NtW kd ,ay;Gfis mwpe;j epiyapy; tp\;Z]`];uehkh> tzq;Ftjw;fhf mth;fSf;Fg; gy;NtW cUtq;fisg; nghJthfj; ]`];uehkh ]k;gNth ghtNeh gh;j;jh g;ugt: g;uG: <];tu: ];tak;G+:/ vd;W nrhy;fpwJ. gw;wpg; ,e;j thh;j;ijfs; ,q;f gfthdpd; ]k;gt:Tk; mtjhuq;fisg; epw;fpd;wd.
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 78 -

ghpe;Jiuf;fpwJ.

mtjhu

cUtq;fNs tp\;Z

Njh;e;njLf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

Mifahy;

NgRfpd;wd.

ghte:Tk; jh;k]k;];jhgehh;j;jha ]k;gthkp aNfANfTf;fhf

,g;gb

kpfTk;

mjpfkhf

tzq;fg;gLk;

mtjhuq;fs; gpuj;Naf

=,uhkUk;>

=fpU\;zUNk.

=eu]pk;`Uf;Fk;

gf;jh;fs; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;. gf;jh;fspd; Kd;dhy; =tp\;Z ]`];uehkh itf;Fk; mLj;j cUtk; gfthd; #hpa ehuhazd; (]k;Guhjpj;a:) n]sukjj;ij cs;slf;fpa \z;kjj;ij ];jhgpj;Jg; Gfo; ngw;w = rq;fuh;: Mjpj;a kz;ly mee;j];j: `puz;aka: GU\: Mjpj;a: vd;W nrhy;fpwhh;. mLj;jgbahf =tp\;Z]`];uehkh gf;jh;fis ,e;j Mjpj;a kz;ly: GU\: itj;jj;jk; ,jaq;fspy; gpujp\;il nra;af; fl;lisapLfpwJ. jd; G\;fuh~: (typikahd ,g;gbf; fz;Nzhf;Filatd;) fz;fshNyNa

fl;lisapLtjhff; nfhs;syhk;. `;Uja Gz;lhPNf rpe;jpj: ];t&Ngz g;ufh]j ,jp G\;fuh~:/ jpahdj;jpd; %yk; ehk; tpUk;Gk; tbtpy; ek; ,jaj;jpNyNa ,Uj;Jk;tpjkhf> miltjw;F kpfTk; vspjhd tuhfg; gfthd; ,Uf;fpwhh;. ,dp k`h];te: vd;W nrhd;d khj;jpuj;jpy;

gf;jdJ gpur;rpid jPh;e;JtpLfpwJ. ];te: vd;why; rg;jk; yj;jPd; nkhopapy; N]hNeh my;yJ N]he]; vd;why; rg;jk; N]hndl; vd;Wk; ftpijtif N]hepf; N]hNehu]; Nghd;w thh;j;ijfs; ,e;j ];te: vd;fpw kuj;jpypUe;J gphpe;j fpisfNs!
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 79 -

,q;F jw;Fkhd nfhs;sg;gl vd;W xU

k`h];te: Ntz;Lk;.

tp\;Z]`];uehkh my;yJ

KOt cs;s vd;Dk;

nghJg;ngauhf

FOg;ngauhff;

tp\;Z]`];uehkhtpy; ]hpfkgjep

xt;nthU thh;j;ijAk; xU k`h];te:jhd;. k`h];te: cr;rhpj;jhNy NjndhOFk;. ]g;j];tu ,irapYs;s Kjy;];tukhd ] kw;Wk; filrp ];tukhd evd;fpw mirfisg; ngw;W Rfkhd ,dpa Xiria k`h];te: jUfpwJ. jhk]h-tpd; fiuapy; thy;kPfpKdpth; jdpikapy;

,d;gk; jUk; xU eilg; gapw;rpia Nkw;nfhz;bUe;jNghJ jhd; jw;nrayhff; fhjpy; tpOe;j f;nusQ;rgl;rpapd; fhjy; ghly;fis ep: ];te: (rg;jkpy;yhky;) thfg; gjpT nra;fpwhh;. j];ahg;ahN]J kpJek; rud;jk; meghap ek; jjh;] gfthe; jj;u f;nusQ;rNah: rhU j];ahg;ahN]J it thy;kPfp ePl;bapUg;gJ mth;kpf epjhdkhf ele;J nrd;whh; vd;gijf; Fwpf;fpwJ. xU gf;jd; tp\;Z]`];uehkhtpd; thh;j;ijfis cr;rhpf;f Muk;gpj;j clNdNa cUtk; kiwe;J mtd; xU Gjpa jpahd cyfj;jpy; Mo;e;J tpLfpwhd;. mtd; kdj;ij kl;Lk; epiwthf;Fk; tp\akhf mJ MfptpLfpwJ. Mifahy; mLj;j ,lj;jpy; ]`];uehkh G\;fuh~: k`hkeh: (561-562) vd;W nrhy;fpwJ. topghl;bd; vspikahf;fr; fiue;JNgha; nra;j Vd; cUtj;ij Kaw;rpapy;> tp\;Z]`];uehkh cUtq;fs; vy;yhNk kiwe;JNgha;
- 80 -

thh;j;ijfs;$l

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

kdj;jstpy; epiy ngw;w kpfg;nghpa kdkhf (k`hkeh:) xUnghpa cUtkhf MfptpLfpwJ. ,Wjpahf tp\;Z ]`];uehkh tha;KZKZg;Gf;$l ,y;yhj> k`hk`htpy; kl;LNk kdk; gq;F ngWk; [gj;ij (m[gh) ghpe;Jiuj;JtpLfpwJ.

cUt topghl;bd; kWgf;fk; G\;fuh~h k`hkeh:

gfthe; gf`h ee;jP tekhyP `yhAj: / Mjpj;a: [;Nahjpuhjpj;a: ]`p\;Z: fjP]j;jk: // (563-571) ekJ NjLjy; Nkw;fz;l thpfspy; njhlUk;nghOJ tp\;Z ]`];uehkk; cUt topghl;bd; ,d;ndhU ];thu];akhd gf;fj;ijg; gf;jh;fSf;F fhz;gpf;fpd;wJ. eiffis G\;gq;fshy; nra;jy;> ,lj;jpy; topKiwfNs ,Wjpapy; cUt ]`];uehkh mzptpj;J nra;jy;> jPghuhjid topghl;by; gf;jid myq;fhuk; goq;fis vd;fpw el;Gld; nra;jy;> ieNtj;ak; nghJthd ,e;j xU $ba

mh;r;rid

gpd;gw;wg;gLfpwJ.

jpifg;Gf;Fs;shf;fp tpLfpwJ! nfhQ;Rk; xU Nfs;tpahfTk; mJ mike;J tpLfpwJ. ]h;thyq;fhu G+\pjuhf vd;Wk; vg;nghOJk; jpfOk; gfthd; vy;yhtw;iwANk ngw;wth;. ehkspf;Fk;

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 81 -

Mguzq;fSk; xUnghUl;lh?

nra;Ak;

myq;fhuKk;

mtUf;F

vd;Wk; kfpo;r;rp nts;sj;jpy; jpisf;Fk; ee;jP mth; ek;Kila JjpfSk;> Njhj;jpuq;fSk; mtUila kfpo;r;rpia ,d;Dk; mjpfhpf;fg; Nghfpd;wdth? mtNu tekhyPahf ,Uf;fpwhh;. ehk; NtW mh;r;ridg; G\;gq;fis mth;Nky; kiyNghy; Ftpf;f Ntz;Lkh? mtNu #hpaDk; N[hjpAkhf ,Uf;fpwhh; (Mjpj;a: [;Nahjpuhjpj;a:) ehk; vLf;Fk; fw;G+u Muj;jp me;j xspnts;sj;jpy; fiue;J NghfhNjh? ehk; ep\;ilapy; MdhYk;> tzq;fpdhYk;> ,Uf;Fk; mth; cq;fs; El;gkhf tzq;fh ,jaj;jpy; tpl;lhYk; -j;te;j;thjPj: jpahd mth;.

]`p\;Z:

FbNawp G\;fuh~: ftdpj;Jf;

k`hkeh-thf nfhz;bUf;fpwhh;.

cq;fisf;

Nkw;fz;l thpfspd; filrp thh;;j;ij fjp]j;jk: (jUk topiaf; fhl;Lgth;) ,JNt cUt topghl;bd; gy];Ujp. Neh;ikapd; ,Ug;gplkhd mtNu ekf;Fg; Gfyplk;. mtNu ekf;F MWjyspg;gth;> rpwg;Gr; Nrh;g;gth;.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 82 -

3. tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpy; jh;kk;

jh;k]h;tk; g;ujp\;bjk; Nfhjh;k: ]h;tjh;khzhk; gtj: guNkh kj:
(i) jh;khj; a~: (137): tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpy; jh;kj;ijg; gw;wpa Kjy;thhh;j;ij ,J ,ijg;gw;wp Kd;Ng ghh;j;Njhk;. (ii). ]j;ajh;kguhf;uk: (290): ,e;j ,uz;lhtJ re;jpg;igg; gw;wpAk;> jh;khpd; Nfs;tpSf;fhd tpilapy; ghh;j;Njhk;. (iii). uhk: tpuhk: . . . jh;ktpj; cj;jk: (395-405) : jh;ktopapy; ele;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; =,uhkiug; ghh;f;Fk; nghOJ ,e;j %d;whtJ re;jpg;G epfo;fpwJ. Nehaw;wth;fl;Fk; Jd;GWNthh;f;Fk; jh;kk; vd;fpw ghpfhuj;ijf; Fwpg;gpl;Lf; fhz;gpj;j fhl;LfpwJ. ]`];uehkh fPijapy; ,g;nghOJ Fwpg;gplg;gl;l jh;ktopKiwfisg; [pf;Qh]{ ,q;F gw;wpf; $Wk;NghJ =,uhkhpd; tho;itNa jh;k topahff; tpsf;fg;gLfpwJ. gfthidawpa jh;kj;jpd; cUthfpa

=,uhkiu mwpe;Jnfhz;lhy; NghJkhdJ. (iv). jh;kA+g: k`hkf: (439-440) ,e;j ehd;fhtJ re;jpg;gpy; : tp\;Z]`];uehkh rhjidfisg; gof> jpahfj;jpy; rpwf;f Jjp rkar;rlq;Ffs; jpUtpohf;fs; Mfpajh;kq;fisg; gw;wpr; nrhy;fpwJ. ,e;j vy;yhr; rhjidfSNk (k`hkf:) jh;kj;Jld; gpizf;fg;gl Ntz;Lnkd;fpwJ ]`];uehkh (jh;kA+g:) jh;kj;Jld; NrUk; me;j A+g: jh;kj;jpy; cWjpahd
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 83 -

epiyg;ghl;ilr; rhjfh; vLf;f jh;kk; vd;Dk; Gs;spiar; Rw;wpNa ,Uf;fNtz;Lk; my;yJ mjpypUe;J Gwg;gl;L xsptPRk; fpuzq;fshf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gijf; $WfpwJ. (v). jh;kFg;jh;kf;Uj;jh;kP: ]`];uehkhtpy; (476-478) jh;kk; Ie;jhtJ Kiwahf nry;tj;jpd;

tp\;Z

tUk;NghJ

gpd;dhy; NghFk; mh;j;jhh;j;jP (fPij) iag;gw;wpf; $WfpwJ. ,e;j mh;j;jh;j;jP tr;]u: tj;]y: tj;]P ahfg; gps;isg; ghrj;Jld; thh;j;ijfs; jh;kk; ,Uf;fpwhh;. gfthDf;F uj;dfh;g: jNe];tu: ,e;j Nrh;j;J Nghd;w tbtk; itf;fr; nfhLf;Fk; gzj;ijr;

jh;kj;jpw;fhf (jh;kP) jh;k topapy; (jh;kf;Uj;) gzk; rk;ghjpj;J nra;tjw;fhfNt nrhy;fpwJ. (vi). ]j;ajh;kh (532) MwhtJ Kiwahfj; Njhd;Wk; jh;kk; kfpo;r;rpia Nehf;fkhff; nfhz;l fPijapd; mh;j;jhh;jjPf;F ; miog;GtpLfpwJ. Mde;j: ee;jd: ee;j: ]j;ajh;kh Mfpa thh;j;ijfs; cz;ikahd jh;kk; xd;Nw kfpo;r;rpiaj; jUk; vd;fpd;wd. tho;it kfpo;thf itf;Fk; xNurhjdk; jh;kNk vd;gJ tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpd; fUj;J. (vii). ]j;athd;. ]j;ajh;k guhaz: (871-874) gftj; fPij nrhy;Yk; ,g;nghOJ Qhdpapd; nghUl;L> ]`];uehkhtpy; ]j; jh;kk; vd;gij ,Wjpahfj; Njhd;WfpwJ.

Mjhukhff; nfhz;l me;j ehd;F thh;j;ijfspd; rpfukhf jh;kk; tUfpwJ. mit ]j;tthd;> ]hj;tpf: ]j;a: ]j;ajh;k guhazh: Nkh~j;ij tpUk;Gk; Qhdp vg;nghOJk;

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 84 -

cWjpAldpUe;J>

]j;ak;

kw;Wk;

jh;kj;jpd;

gf;jdhfp

mtw;wpd; topelf;f Ntz;Lk;. jh;kj;jpdplk; gf;jp nrYj;Jtjhd; cs;shh;e;j Nehf;fk; ]j;ajh;k guhazj;tk; topahf Kd;dNk Nkh~hh;j;jpapd; nrhy;yg;gl;lJ tpjpfis ]k: ,yf;ifailtjw;fhd mJjhd; ]he;jp: / ]he;jpailtjw;fhd fl;Lg;ghl;L ]he;jp: ep\;lh ]{ghq;f: Mfpathh;j;ijfs; jUfpd;wd. ]`];uehkj;jpd; xl;Lnkhj;j cUtNk jh;kk;jhd; vd;gij kdjpy; gjpaitf;f> ]j;a jh;kguhazitaLj;J cWjpahd Nkh~j;ij ,Wjp ehLk; thh;j;ijahf gf;jh;fl;F jh;kKk; mgpg;uha: ]`];uehkh fhl;Lk; tUfpwJ. KOtJk; topiag;

gy;fpg;gutpAs;s

]j;aKk;>

gpd;gw;WkhW ,e;j ,uz;L thh;j;ijfSk; mwptWj;Jfpd;wd. ]j;ajh;kguhf;uk:Tk;> ,lj;jpy; kw;nwhd;iw ]j;ajh;kguhaz:Tk; vd;fpw xd;wpd;

itf;fyhNk

vz;zj;ij

NknyOe;jthhpahfg; ghh;f;Fk;NghJ Njhw;Wtpf;fyhk;. Mdhy; mit ,lkhw;wj;jpw;F mg;ghw;gl;lit vd;gJjhd; cz;ik. mg;gb nra;jhy; kiwnghUs; xr;rk; (FiwghL) Vw;gLk;. ]j;ajh;k guhaz: [fj: N]JTld; ]h];tjkpy;yhj rk;rhu tho;itj; jhz;Ltjw;fhd ghykhff; fUjg;gl;lhy;> mijf; flf;Fk; cly;typik guhf;uk:tpy; ,Ug;gjhy; [fj: N]JTf;Fr; rhpahd vjph;thh;j;ij ]j;ajh;k guhf;uk: /

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 85 -

jh;kk; vd;gJ tp\;Ztpd; FLk;gg; ngah;! vq;Fk; epiw tp\;Zit jpzwbf;ff; neUq;Ftnjg;gb? $ba miltnjg;gb? ]`];uehkh Nghd;w vspa Nfs;tpfSf;Fk;

fth;r;rpahd ghzpapy; gjpyspf;fpwJ. xUtiu nry;Yk; mtiu mila gpbf;f Ntz;Lnkd;whNyh Ntz;Lnkd;whNyh mNjNghy; mtiuj; Kd;dhy; Kjypy;

xUtiug; neUq;f

mtiug;gpd; njhlh;e;J nry;yNtz;Lk;. mg;nghOJjhd; ehk; KbAk;. tp\;ZitailAk; njhlh;e;J nry;y Kaw;rpapYs;s ehk;> Kjypy;

Ntz;Lk;; mtiu neUq;Fk; tiu! neUq;fpg; ghh;j;jhy; mth; jh;kk; vd;Dk; Gjhpy;

kiwe;jpUg;gijg; ghh;f;fpNwhk;. t;U\h`P t;U\g: (tp\;Z:) t;U\gh;th t;UN\hju: vd;Dk; thpfs; ekf;Fg; gpbkhdkhf mikfpd;wd. ,e;j thpfis Ntypahf mikj;Jf; nfhz;L mtw;wpDs; mth; nrsfh;akhf fjfjg;ghf trpj;J tUfpwhh;. (257-261) t;U\: vd;Dk; nrhy; jh;kj;ijf; Fwpf;fpwJ.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 86 -

jd;idr;Rw;wp tp\;Z Nghl;Lf; nfhz;Ls;s Ntyp

t;U\h`P t;U\gh;t t;U\g:
jd;idg;

tp\;Z t;UN\hju:

gpd;njhlUk;

gf;jdpd;

ghh;itapypUe;J

eOt Kaw;rpf;Fk; tp\;Zit gazpapd; ghh;itapy; gl itf;Fk; tpsf;Ff; fk;gk; t;U\h`P: t;U\: jh;k: - Gz;ak; jNjth`: g;ufh]]hjh;k;ahj; t;U\h`P - =rq;fuh;. jh;kkio (t;U\g:) nghopAk; Nkff;$l;lj;jpdpilNa kiwe;jpUf;Fk; ,e;j t;U\h`P. t;U\g: - V\: gf;Njg;a: fhkhe; th;\jp ,jpt;U\g: jd; gpd;dhy; t;U\h`P ,Ug;gjhy; Fsph; ePq;fpf; fjfjg;Gf;fpilg;gjhf gf;jd; czh;fpwhd;. ,q;F t;U\gh;th jpwTNfhy; Nghd;w thh;j;ij. t;U\gh;th %ykhfj;jhd; cz;ikahy; xUth; tp\;Zit mila KbAk;. tp\;Zit ntspr;rk; Nghl;Lf;fhl;LfpwJ

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 87 -

t;U\ &ghzp N]hghegh;tzp M`{: gue;jhk MUUN~h: ,j;aNjh t;U\gh;th vd;fpw = rq;fuhpd; thpfs; topfhl;Lk; thpfs;. mth; aila nra;tJ (gue;jhk:) ntF cauj;jpy; ,Uf;fpwhh;. ,Wjpapy; jpUg;jp jh;kj;jhy;

jh;kj;ijg;gbfshff; nfhz;l Vzpapy; Vwpj;jhd; mtiu Kaw;rpf;fKbAk;. toq;Fgth; fbdk;. jh;kk; kpfTk; mtiuailtjw;F t;UN\hju: Vndd;why;> xd;iwj;jhd; ,tiuj; ,th; mDkjpr;rPl;L

epug;gg;gl;bUf;fpwhh;.

xg;Gf;nfhs;thh;.

mtuJ czNt jh;kk; jhd;!

,ju iky; fw;fs;:

Md;kPfg; gazp> ]`];uehkh vd;Dk; topj;jlj;jpy; rhtfhrkhfg; gazpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;NghJ gy;NtW epWj;jq;fspy; rpiwnaLf;fg;gLfpwhh;. mtiuf; fPo;f;fz;l thpfs; fth;fpd;wd. t]{: t]{keh: ]j;a: / tpeNah [a: ]j;a]e;j: / [pjhkpj;u: g;uNkhje: / t]{keh: `tp: / kpf Mokhd nghpa cz;ik ]`];uehkhtpy; tphpthf tpsf;fg;gLk;NghJ> mijj; njhlh;e;J clNdNa jh;kk; rk;ge;jg;gl;l Kf;fpakhdnjhU thh;j;ij tUk;.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 88 -

]`];uehkh gpbj;Jf;nfhs;sr;

Md;kPfntspapy; nrhy;fpwJ. fPNo

]hjfidr;

Rw;w

mDkjpj;jhYk;> jh;kk; rk;ge;jkhd epidTfisf; nfl;bahfg; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s ml;ltiz ]`];uehkh ve;nje;j ,lq;fspy; rhjfid Md;kPf ntspapd; gaq;fu cauj;Jf;Fj;Jhf;fpr;nrd;W mq;F rQ;rhpf;f itf;fpwJ. gpwF mtiu kPz;Lk; jh;kk; vd;w mbg;gilf;Fj;jjpUk;g nfhz;L te;J fPNo ,wf;fp tpl;L tpLfpwJ> vd;gJ nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ. Md;kPf ntspapy; cau caug;gwe;jrhjfd; jpUg;gg;gLfpwhd;. jj;Jtk; kw;Wk; rka rpj;jhe;j NghijapypUe;J kPz;Lk; jh;kk; vd;fpw mikjp epiyf;Fj;

]{g;ukj;j:
1.F`;a: tPu: f`Neh Fg;j: 3.]khth;j;j: ept;Ujhj;kh Juhth]: 5.]{tPu: Urpuhq;fj: g;u[hfu:

mg;ukj;j:
- rf;ufuhju: - Juhhp`h

2.rJh;%h;j;jp: rJh;gh`{: rJh;Ntjtpj; - Vfgh;j 4.]h;tf;Q: ]h;tNjhKf: m];tj;j: - rhZ}uhe;j;u ep\{je -Ch;jtf: ]j;gjhrhu:

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 89 -

nja;t ek;gpf;ifaw;wth;fis ]`];uehkh vg;gb mZFfpwJ?

]`];uehkh Kbf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;tpjk; kdijf; nfhs;is nfhs;Stjhf ,Uf;fpwJ. tp];tj;ijg; gw;wpg; Ngr Ntz;ba ngUk; nghWg;igj; Njhs;kPJ Rke;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; ]`];uehkh mjd; ]j;> m]j;> ~uk;> m~uk; Mfpa xt;nthU Nfhzj;ijAk; nrhy;fpwJ. Kbtpy; flTis ek;Ggth;> ek;ghjth; Mfpa ,UghyUf;Fk; Njitahdijr; nrhy;yp Kbj;J tpLfpwJ. Mj;kNahep : ];tak; [hj : itfhe : ]hkfhae : (985-988) nja;t ek;gpf;if ,y;yhjth;fl;fhf ]`];uehkh ,e;j thpiar; nrhy;fpwJ.

Mj;kNahep : vd; jd;gpwtpf;Fj;jhNd fhuzkhf tpsq;Fgth;. ];tak;[hj : vd;why; jhdhfNt cjpj;jth;. itfhe
: vd;why; G+kpia mopahky; ghJfhf;fpwth;.

Njhz;Lfpwth;.

]hkfhae : ,dpikahd ,iriaf; Fwpf;fpwJ. ,e;j ,ir

kfpo;r;rp nts;sj;jpy; ek;ikj; jpisf;f itj;J thdpy; gwg;gJ Nghd;w cah;it ekf;Fj; jUfpwJ. ,tw;wpy; itfhe : ek;ik G+kpapd; eLg;gFjp tiuf;Fk; $lf; nfhz;L nry;yyhk;. Njhz;bj; Njhz;b Moj;ij msf;Fk; Kaw;rp ,J.
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 90 -

]hkfhae:Nth ek;ik tpz;ntspapy; gwf;f itf;fpwJ. ,uz;Lf;Fk; eLtpy; mJ tp];tk; epw;fpwJ. ]hkfhae:tpd; MNuhfz> mtNuhfz ];tuq;fs; tplhKaw;rpAld; jh;kj;ij mDrhpg;gJjhd;. cq;fisAk; ngUkfpo;r;rpapyho;j;jp kfpo;r;rp ntwpf;Ff; nfhz;LNgha; tpLk;. nja;tj;ijg;gw;wpNa ek;gpf;if cd;Dila fhuzj;Jf;Fk;> Ngrhky; ]`];uehkh> ePNa nja;t nraypd; nghWg;G.

,y;yhjtdplk;> nray;jUk; Kd;Ndw;wNkh

cd;Dila gyDf;Fk; gpd;dilNth

cd;ifapy;jhd;

,Uf;fpwJ. cyfpaiy tpl;L nja;tPf el;rj;jpukhtjw;fhfj; njhlh;e;J ciog;ghahf! vd;W $wp Kbj;Jf; nfhs;fpwJ. nja;t ek;gpf;ifaw;wtd; Mj;kNahep: ];tak; [hj : itfhe : ]kfhae: vDk; thpfs; jUk; Ntiyg;gSitAzh;e;J kWg;NgJk; nrhy;yhky; mijr; Rkf;f Kd;tUthdhf !

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 91 -

nja;t ek;gpf;ifAs;sth;fSf;F
NjtfPee;jd: ];u\;lh: ~jP]: ghgeh]e]h;tg;u`uzhAj:/ =fpU\;ziuAk;> =,uhkiuAk; (~pjP]:) ek;Ggth; fSf;fhfTk;> mt;tpUtUNk jq;fsJ ghtq;fisg; Nghf;ff; $bath;fs; vd;W epidg;gth;fSf;fhfTk; ,e;j thh;j;ijfs; nrhy;yg;gLfpd;wd. fhd filrpahfg; gfthid ek;Ggth;fSf; Njhw;wk; mga`];jj;Jld; ]h;tg;u`uzhAj:tpd;

Njhd;wp mth;fis u~pf;fpd;wd.

]h;tg;u`uzhAj : (1000)
Jauhy; nja;tPf Gyk;Gk; kdpjDf;F mUshsdhf kdpjNeaj;Jld; ]`];uehkhtpd; tukspf;Fk;

]h;tg;gu`uzhAj : vy;yh MAjq;fisAk; jhpj;J tUfpwhh;. xU ehs; ,y;yhtpl;lhy; xU ehs; ,e;jg; G+kpapYs;s kdpjd;> gfthd; gfthd; jdf;fspj;j %ytsj;ijnay;yhk; me;j Kw;wpYkhf ,oe;Jtpl;L> xU Mgj;ghe;jtidj;; NjLthd; vd;gijg; mwpe;jpUf;fpwhh;. Mgj;ghe;jtdhfj;jhd; ]h;tg;u`uzhAjthf ]`];uehkhtpy; mth; ,Uf;fpwhh;.

];tak;G+ :

]`];uehkhtpd;

ghi\apNyNa

nrhy;t

jhdhy; ]h;tg;u`zhAj : ]tak;G+ : my;yJ ];taQ;[hj ! gP\;kNuh my;yJ njhFg;ghsh; tpah]Nuh ]h;tg;u`zhAj : vd;Dk; thh;j;ijiaj; njhpT nra;atpy;iy. ujhq;fghzp

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 92 -

vDkplj;jpy; Nehf;fpr;;

gP\;kh;

xJq;fpf; rhl;iliaj;

nfhs;fpwhh;. jd; ifapy;

gfthd; vLj;Jf;

gzpNaw;fpwhh;. ]`];uehkh vDk; Njiu ntw;wp ,yf;if nrYj;j> nfhs;fpwhh;.

]h;Nt];tu : m`: ]k;tj;]u : t;ahs : ...m[ : ]h;Nt];tu :

]pj;j : ]pj;jp : vd;W fhy ghpkhzj;jpy; flTs; Njhd;Wk; gphptpy; vd;Wk; ]h;Nt];tu mth;
:(97)

Nrh;f;fg;gLfpwJ. Njhd;wpf;

fhyNjtdhf ,Ug;ghh;.

jtwhky;

nfhz;Nl

Vndd;why; fhyf;fzf;F vy;yh ,lq;fspYk; ,Uf;fpwJ. vg;nghOJk; jahuhfTk; ,Uf;fpwJ. (]pj;j:) ,jd; %yk; gf;jDf;F ek;gpf;ifA+l;Lfpwhh;. ,e;j E}ypioiag; gpbj;Jf; nfhz;L Kd;Ndwpdhy; ,d;ndhU ]pj;j: tUk;. gfthidj; Njlhky; Rygkhf milaf;$batpjj;jpy; (]{yg:) cs;s mtUf;F mLj;jjhd ,lj;jpy; ,e;j ]pj;j: tUfpwJ. me;j ,lk; ]h;tf;Q: ]h;tNjhKf : ]{yg : ]{t;Uj : ]pj;j (821825)

]`];uehkhtpy; vg;nghOnjy;yhk; xU nrhy; jpUk;gr; nrhy;yg;gLfpwNjh> Njhd;Wk; Ke;ijia ,jd; nfhz;Lte;J neUq;fpa mg;nghOnjy;yhk; re;jh;g;gj;ijj; thpirapy; ]{t;uj: me;j thh;j;ij Njbf;fz;Lgpbj;Jf; epWj;jNtz;Lnkd;gJ nrd;W

gad;juj;jf;f xU tpjp. me;j khjphp xU Kaw;rpapy; ]pj;j:tpd; ez;guhd itg;gpd;Ndhf;fpr; Njbdhy;> ,dpa Kfj;Jld; Gd;dif jto mth; cq;fis tuNtw;gijf;fhz;gPh;fs;. ]{Kf: (457) ]h;tjh;]{ tpKf;jhj;kh ]h;tf;Q: Qhd Kj;jkk; ]{t;Uj: ]{Kf: ]{~;k: /
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 93 -

,g;nghOJ ]h;Nt];tu: ]h;tf;Q: ]h;tNjhKf: ]{yg: ]{t;uj: ]{Kf: kw;Wk; ]pj;j: Nghd;wth;fisnay;yhk; ]h;t xd;whf;fpg;ghh;j;jhy; kdijf; nfhs;isnfhs;Sk;

g;u`uzhAj: Njhd;Wfpwhh;.

tp];tk;:

]`];uehkhtpd; Kjy; je;J

filrp thh;j;ijahd

thh;j;ijahd tp];tj;jpd;

]h;tg;u`uzhAj: jpt;ajpU\;biaj;

,d;ndhU tbtk; (gfthd; =fpU\;zh; mh;[{dDf;Fj; jdJ tp];t&gjhprdj;ijf; fhl;bdhh;. mijg; ghh;j;j mh;[{dd; kpuz;Ltpl;lhd;. vdNt ]h;tg;u`uzhAj: gfthdpd; tp];t&gj;ijtpl gaq;fuj; jd;ik FiwthdJjhd; vd;W njhpfpwJ - tR =) ]h;tg;u`uzhAj:it tpsf;Fk;NghJ =rq;fuh;

gfthdpd; ifapy; vg;gb efq;fSk; vg;gb MAjq;fshapd vd;gijr; nrhy;fpwhh;. (f;u[hjPep m];a MAjhep ghte;jPjp) vq;Fk; epiwe;jpUf;Fk; k`htp\;Z J}izg;gpse;J nfhz;L eu]pk;`khf te;jNghJ jd; efq;fisNa MAjkhf cgNahfg;gLj;jpdhh;. mg;gbnad;why;> =rq;fuh; kiwKfkhf ]h;tg;u`uzhAj: vd;gth; eu]pk;khtjhuk; vLj;j tp];tk; tp\;Z: vd;W nrhy;fpwhh;NghYk;. ]fy MAjq;fisAk; xU Fwpg;gpl;l gzpf;fhfj; vd;fpw

jhpj;J ]h;tg;u`uzhAj: thfj; Njhd;Wk; gfthdpd; tbtk; gaq;fukhdjhfNt njhpe;jhYk;> mN~hg;a: Fog;gkpy;yhj ]he;j%h;j;jp me;j gaj;ijg; Nghf;fptpLfpwhh;.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 94 -

kq;fs epiwT
gf;jd; cUtj;ijNah ,g;nghOJ my;yJ ]h;tg;u`uzhAj: jd;Dila vd;fpw

,\;lnja;tj;jpd;

tbtj;ijNah kdj;jpy; fw;gid nra;Jnfhs;sl;Lk;. tp];t %h;j;jpapy; cz;lhd me;j cUtk; ]{Kf:thf> fUiz nghopAk; Kfj;JlDk;> mgaf;fuq;fSlDk;> gf;jidf; fhg;ghw;Wk; cWjpapy; (]j;a]q;fy;gj; Nte) gf;jd; epw;gjhf itj;Jf; nfhs;Nthk;. fUiz nghopAk; mth; Kd;dhy; epw;Fk; gf;jd; vd;d nra;thd;? vd;d nrhy;thd;? (Nyhfj;uahjpgjpk; g;uzk;a ]pu]h - = rq;fuh;) gfthid tzq;fp fhg;ghw;W> fhg;ghw;W> fhg;ghw;W (u~> u~> u~) vd;W jpUk;gj;jpUk;gr; nrhy;thd;. ]h;tg;u`zhAj: ]h;tg;u`uzhAj: ]h;tg;u`uzhAj: Xk; ek;: ,jp / vd;gijAk; jpUk;gj;jpUk;gr; nrhy;thd;. ]`];uehkgf;jdpd; Ngr;R Kiwapy; ]h;tg;u`uzhAj: vd;why; u~: (fhg;ghw;W).

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 95 -

tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpy; Mjpj;a `;Ujak;

=tp\;Z QhdpfSk; ]`];uehk ];Njhj;jpuk; xUtuhy;

nrhy;yg;gl;lNjh> vOjg;gl;lNjh my;y. nghpanghpa hp\pfSk;> gfthdpd; jpt;aehkq;fisj; Njh;e;njLj;J (tpf;ahjheP) mw;Gjkhf ,irj;jhh;fs; (ghpfPjhep) ahep ehkhep nfszhep tpf;ahjhep k`hj;ke: / U\pgp: ghpfPjhep jhep t~;ahkp G+jNa // gP\;kh;jhd; ,ijj; jUkUf;Fr; nrhd;dhh;. tpah]h; ,ijj; njhFj;J ekf;F toq;fpapUf;fpwhh;. Ajp\;l;buhpd; Kjy; Nfs;tpahd fpNkfk; ij tjk; NyhNf? vd;gjw;fhd tpilia tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpy; kl;Lky;y: Mjpj;a `;Ujaj;jpYk; fhzyhk;. ,e;j tp\aj;ij Muhag;GFKd; ]`];uehkhtpd;

tp\;Z> Mjpj;ad; vd;fpw #hpadpd; meph;Nj];atG: thfTk; eph;Nj];atG: thfTk; ,Uf;fpwhh; vd;gij Kjypy; thrfh; Ghpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. Mjpj;a `;Ujak; gw;wpr; nrhy;Yk; gphptpy; ,e;j

vy;yhf; Nfhzq;fSk; ]`];uehkhtpy; %d;W gFjpfhsfg; gphpf;fg;gl;Lj; njs;sj; njspthf tpsf;fg;gLfpwJ.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 96 -

Kjy;gFjp : gh;j;jh g;ugt : g;uGhP];tu : ];tak;G+ :

]k;Guhjpj;a : G\;fuh~ : k`h];te : mehjpepje : jhjh tpjhjh jhJUj;jk : mg;uNka : `;U\PNf] : / gh;j;jh g;uG : <];tu : vd;W fjwpaOk; cgh]fUf;F ,e;jg;gFjp me;jg;gfthd; ]`];uehkhtpd; (g;ugt:) Muk;gkhfj; tbtj;ij Njhd;Wk; Vw;fpwhh;. cgh]fspd; miog;ig Vw;W RakhfNt (];tak;G+:) Njhd;Wk; Mjpj;adpd; vq;Fk; epiw tp\;Z Mjp me;jk; ,y;yhj mehjpepje : thfp ];tak;G+ : thfj; Njhd;wp> jd;Dila kpfg;nghpa ey;y kdjpd; fhuzkhf (k`hkeh : G\;fuh~) k`hkeh : 561-562) Mjpj;ad; vd;fpw #hpadpd; tbit vLf;fpwhh;. fz;Zf;Fj; njhpAk; gpuj;a~ nja;t tbtk; #hpad;. cyf ed;ikf;fhf> cyfj;ij ca;tpf;fNt mth; ,g;gbj; Njhd;wpdhh; vd;gij ]k;G : nrhy;fpwJ. ]k;Guhjpj;a: tpd; tbtpy; ,g;gbg; guk;nghUisf; fz;l cgh]fh;> mtiuj;jd; ,jaf; Nfhapypy; gpujp\;il nra;atpiofpwhh;. `;U\PNf]> vd;Dk; thh;j;ijahy; vdJ vy;yhg;Gyd;fSk; jd; cq;fs; fl;Lghl;by;jhd; nra;J vd;W $wpg; Mjpj;a gfthdplk; ruzile;J tpLfpwhh;. ,g;gbahf Mjpj;aidj; `;Ujaj;Jf;Fs; gpujp\;il mtNu `;Ujadhfp tpLfpwhh;.

,uz;lhk; gFjp : ]`];uhk;]P : tpjhjh f;Ujy~z :

fg];jpNekp : ]j;t];j: ]pk;`: G+jkN`];tu : MjpNjt : k`hNjt : NjNt] : Njtg;Uf;FU : cj;ju : /
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 97 -

=tp\;Z]`];uehkhtpd; thh;j;ijfSk; myq;fhpf;fpd;wd.

eLg;gFjpia

,e;j

12

]`];uhk;]P :Tk;> fg];jpNekp :Ak; KiwNa #hpaf; fpuzq;fisAk;> mjd; xspUk; tl;l tbtj; jl;lida Kfj;jpidAk; KiwNa Fwpf;fpd;wd. fpNkfk; thh;j;ijiaj; nrhy;fpwhh;. MjpNjt : k`hNjt : NjNt] : Njtg;Uj;FU : / ,jpy; MjpNjt:jhd; #hpa gfthd; vd;gjpy; vz;zsTk; re;Njfkpy;iy. 43 k`j;thh;j;ijfs; ]`];uehkhtpy; cs;sd. mjpy; k`hNjt : jdpj;Jtk; tha;e;jJ. k`h];te : Kjy; k`j; thh;j;ij. k`he; filrp thh;j;ij. k`hNjt : 23-tJ k`j; thh;j;ijahf tUfpwJ. 43 k`j;thh;j;ijfspy;> k`hNjt: eLehafk; tfpf;fpwJ. ehkh ,Uf;Fkplk; Mfpatw;wpd; jd;ikahy; k`hNjt : kpfr;rpwe;j cah;e;j nja;tkhfpwJ. ijtjk; njhlh;e;J NyhNf ehd;F vd;fpw Kiw Nfs;tpf;F

mOj;je;jpUj;jkhf tpil gfu vz;zp gP\;kh; Njt : vd;fpw jpUk;gj;jpUk;gr;

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 98 -

%d;whk; gFjp : tp`ha]fjp : [;Nahjp : ]{Urp :

`;UjGf;tpG : utp : tpNuhre : ]{h;a : ]tpjh utpNyhre : mee;j : `{jGf; Nghf;jh ]{fj : ief[ : mf;u[ : meph;tpz;z: ]jhkh;\P Nyhfhjp\;lhekj;Gj: ]ehj; ]ehj ejk: fgpy : fgp : mt;aa : ];t];jpj : ];t];jpf;Uj; ];t];jp ];t];jpGf; ];t];jp j~pz:// ]`];uehkhtpd; filrp 1/8 ghfj;jpd; Muk;gj;jpy; Nkw;fz;l thpfs; tUfpd;wd. ,e;jj; njhFg;gpYs;s 25 thh;j;ijfspy; VO

thh;j;ijfs; #hpaidg; gw;wpaJ. tp`ha]fjp : utp : tpNuhre : ]_h;a: ]tpjh utpNyhre : fgp : Mfpatit mit. tp`ha]fjp cgh]fhpd; : vd;Dk; thh;j;ij nrhy;yg;gl;lTld; gue;Jtphpe;J

ghh;it>

gpugQ;rj;jpd;

FWf;Nf

fplf;Fk;> thdj;jpy; xsptPrpf;nfhz;Nl ([;Nahjp:) efh;e;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; #hpaid Nehf;fp tphpfpwJ. [;Nahjp : jhd; #hpa gfthdpd; rf;jp k`hgj;jp : k`htPh;a : k`h]f;jp : k`hj;Ajp : ,g;nghOJ cgh]fh; jd;Dila kdj;ijg; gpd;Ndhf;fpr; nrYj;jp> t]{Nujh : t]Pg;uj : th]PNjt : t]P : t]Pkeh`tp: vd;W nrhy;yp M`{jpia kdkhu mh;g;gzpf;Fk;nghOJ gfthd; mjid kfpo;r;rpAld; Vw;fpwhh;. (N]hgehUrp : ,r;rh!)
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 99 -

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk; - ghuhaz tpjpfs;

fPh;j;jid vd;why; ghl;L. tp\;Z ]`];u ehkhNth ghpfPh;j;je : g;ufPh;j;je : vd;nwy;yhk; nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ. vdNt ]`];uehk ghuhazj;ij ,irAld; gapy;tJ ey;yJ. fpk;[ge;- vd;W Nfs;tp Nfl;lhh; Ajp\;l;uh;. ]`];uehk ];Njhj;jpuNk [gk;jhd;. mjpYs;s xt;nthU ehkKk; jpahdk; nra;ag;gl Ntz;bait ; [gpf;fg;gl Ntz;bait. vdNt ghuhazj;jpd;NghJ nra;a Ntz;Lk;. ghuhazj;ijf; fPo;f;fz;lthW nrhy;yp Muk;gpg;gJ ed;W. Xk; ];g\;lh~uha ek : Xk; ke;j;uha ek : Xk; [;Nahjph; fNz];tuha ek : Xk; Ntj t;ah]hg ek : Xk; ]r;rpjhee;e &gha f;U\;zhaf;sp\;lfhhpNz eNkh Ntjhe;j Ntj;aha FuNt Gj;jp ]h~pNz// ]j;guhaz : - ]e;epth] : tp];tk; tp\;Zh; t~l;fhNuh G+jgt;a gtj;g;uG : / G+jf;Uj; G+jg;Uj; ghNth G+jhj;kh G+jghte : // jdJ ,\;lNjtijia kdf;fz; Kd;dhy; epWj;jpf; nfhz;Ljhd; ]`];uehk ghuhazj;ij Muk;gpf;f Ntz;Lk;. jh;k : ]j;a : Nghd;w thh;j;ijfs; tUk; ,lq;fspy; epWj;jpj; jpUk;gr; nrhy;y Ntz;Lk;.
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 100 -

xt;nthU

thh;j;ijiaAk;

jpahdk;

gPk : gPkguhf;uk :
kpd;Dk; el;rj;jpuq;fis tpz;zpy; fz;Bh;fsh ? mtw;iw tpz;ntspapy; njhq;ftpl;lJ ahh; ? - ]{tPu : ,e;jg; gpugQ;rj;jpd; fdfr;rpjkhd xOq;FKiwahd

,af;fj;jpw;F fhuzk; ahh; njhpAkh ? - Urpuhq;fj : (Nkjhtp tpf;uk : f;uk : 78>79>80) ,e;j cyfk; vg;gb Muk;gpj;jJ vd;W njhpAkh ? - [de : vq;F vg;gb Kjd;Kjypy; ,aq;f Muk;gpj;jJ vd;gij mwptPh;fsh ? - [d[d;khjp : fhw;W> jz;zPh;> neUg;G> tpij> kz; Mfpatw;iwnay;yhk; gfthd; vq;fpUe;J Nrfhpj;jhh; vd;gijr; rpe;jpj;Jg; ghh;j;jPh;fsh ? - [dNeh [d[d;khjp : gy;NtW tpjkhd caphpdq;fspd; cliy Md;kh vq;qdk; jhq;FfpwJ? - Mjhuepya: fpufq;fs;> #hpaf;FLk;gk; el;rj;jpu kz;lyq;fs; Mfpait vg;gbg; gpizf;fg;gl;Lg; ghJfhf;fg;gLfpd;wd vd;W vg;nghO jhtJ vz;zpg;ghh;j;jJz;lh? - jhjh. ,e;jf; fpufq;fs; xUFYf;fNyh xU eLf;fNkh ,y;yhky; G\;gftpkhdk;Nghy vt;tsT mikjpahf tpz;ntspapy; kpjf;fpd;wd? - (?G\;g`h]:)

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 101 -

Xa;T xoptpd;wpj; njha;tpy;yhky; njhlh;e;J ,e;jg;gpugQ;rk; KOtJk; ,aq;fpf; nfhz;NlapUf;Fk;gb gfthd; vd;Wk; tpopg;GldpUe;J ghh;j;Jf; nfhs;fpwhh;. tpopj;Jf; nfhz;Lk; ,Uf;fpwhh;. ,t;tsT Mw;wiyAk; jd;dplj;Nj nfhz;Ls;s me;j ,iwtd;> ,e;jr; rpd;dQ;rpW kdpjd; jhd;jhd; nghpatd; vd;W epidj;Jf; nfhz;L jd;Dila Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ijg; gw;wp kl;LNk Ngrpf;nfhz;LkpUe;jhy;> tha;tpl;Lr; rphpf;fhky; vd;d nra;thh;? G\;g`h]: mtuJ me;jr; rphpg;G Vsdj;Jld; ek;ikf; Nfyp nra;J kfpOk; rphpg;G! ]`];uehk ghuhazk; nra;Ak; NghJ Nkw;nrhd;d fUj;Jf;fisnay;yhk; kdj;jpy; thq;fpf; nfhz;L> ,iwtNd nghpatd; vd;Dk; vz;zj;Jld; jpahdk; nra;jhy;> mtid neUq;FtJ kpf vspJ.

mN~hg;a: ]h;tg;u`uzhAj: Xk;ek:

filrp thh;j;ijia neUq;fpaTld;> rpuk; jho;j;jp gagf;jpAld; mN~hg;a:thf fpwPh;fs;; ,iwtid vd;Kd; rfy Nehf;fp ]he;j%h;j;jpahfpa jUfpwPh;fs;. jhpj;jpUf; vd;Dk; jq;fs; jhprdk; MAjq;fisAk; jUtJ vd;rpuj;ijj;

]h;tg;u`uzhAj:thfr; vd;idf; fhtbapy;

fhg;ghw;wpNa tpOe;J

cWjpAldpUf;fpwPh;fs; (]j;a]q;fy; gj;Nte) jq;fs; jpUg;ghjq;fspy; itj;J>

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 102 -

]h;tg;u`uzhAj: ]h;tg;`uzhAj: ]h;tg;u`uzhAj: vd;W nfhQ;Rtijj; jtpu (Xk; ek ,jp) ehd; Ntnwd;d nra;aKbAk;? vd;W kdKUfg; gpuhh;j;jp tpl;L kPz;Lk;> Xk; tp];tk; tp\;Z . . . vd;W Muk;gpj;J GU\hj;jk: tiu nrhy;yp epWj;j Ntz;Lk;. fhiy Ntisapy; ];ehek; nra;jgpd; kbAUj;jp tpG+jp my;yJ jpUkz; ,l;Lf; nfhz;L xU Mrdj;jpy; mkh;e;J nfhz;L ghuhazk; nra;ayhk;. khiyapYk; ];ehek; nra;a Kbahtpl;lhYk; if> fhy; myk;gpf; nfhz;lhtJ ghuhazk; nra;ayhk;. epNtjdk; fw;G+u[;Nahjp Nghd;w Muhjdq;fs; mtuth; nrsfhpaj;ijAk; tpUg;gj;ijAk; nghWj;jJ.

hp\pfshy; Gfo;e;Jghlg;gl;l Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;l rpy thpfs;

1. xs\jk; [fj: N]J:- tpahjpfSk; Jd;gq;fSk; ePq;f

2. eph;thzk; Ng\[k; gp\f; - clypay; my;yhj Jd;gq;fspypUe;J tpLgl 3. tpN]hf: N]hfeh]e: 4. g;uhf;tk;]: tk;]th;je: 5. fhk`h fhkf;Uj; fhe;j: fhk` fhkg;uj: g;uG: fhkNjt: fhkghy: fhkpfhe;j:
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 103 -

- Jah; Jilf;f - re;jjpf;fhf

- kztpid Kbf;f

6. ]uzk; ]h;k tp];tNujh: - Rfg;gpurtj;Jf;fhf g;u[hgt: 7. t;at]ha: t;at];jhe: ]k;];jhe: ];jhej: j;Ut: 8. j;utpzg;uj: jpt: ];g;Uf; - nry;tk; nfhopf;f 9. [ae;j: ]h;ttp[;[ap 10. ]{fj: ]{`;Uj; 11. ]{Ng~z: - ntw;wpaila - el;Ghpikf;fhf - ed;ikngw - cj;jpNahfk; fpilf;f

12. tp];uhk: tp];tj~pz: - vy;yh tpUg;gq;fSk; ]h;tfhkj: M];uk: epiwNtw

13. Gz;a: J];tg;e eh]e: - jPikfis tpul;l 14. ]p\;lf;Uj; ]{rp: 15. k`h`;Uj: k`hfh;j: k`hG+j: k`hepjp: FKj: Fe;ju: Fe;j: gh;[d;a: ghte: mepy: mk;Ujh]: mk;UjtG: 16. ];t];j;j: ];t];jpf;Uj; ];t];jp> ];t];jpGf; ];t];jPj~pz:
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- nfl;l topapypUe;J jpUg;g

- twl;rpf;fhyj;jpy; kio nghopa itf;f

- cyf xw;Wikf;Fk; nropg;Gf;Fk;

- 104 -

17. g;uG+j: j;hpfFg;jhk gtpj;uk; kq;fsk; guk; gtpj;uk; kq;fsk; guk; gtpj;uk; kq;fsk; guk; (Mj;kDld; cliytpl;L ntspNaWk; [Ptdpy; - cyf xw;Wikf;Fk; nropg;Gf;Fk;

gjpthfpapUf;Fk; ]Q;rpjfh;kh vdg;gLk; ght Gz;zpaf; fzf;F> mLj;j gpwtpapy; gpuhug;j fh;khthf nray; tbtk; vLj;J kdpjDf;F RfJf;fq;fisf; nfhLf;fpd;wd. rpy tp\aq;fis ehk; ekJ mDgtpj;NjjPu Kaw;rp Kaw;rpfSf;Fj; Ntz;ba fl;lhaj;jpy; ehk; ,Uf;fpNwhk;. ,Ue;jhYk; fh;ktpidg; gad;fisf; Fiwf;f VjhtJ ,e;j vLj;NjahfNtz;bapUf;fpwJ. Jiz epw;ghh; vd;fpw N~j;ukhfpa ekJlypy; N~j;uf;Qzhff; FbNawpa gukhj;kh ek;gpf;ifapy; ,d;dfhhpak; epiwNtw ,d;d ke;jpuq;fs; vd;W ghpe;Jiuj;jpUf;fpwhh;fs;. Nkw;nrhd;d ke;jpuq;fis Nkw;nrhd;d gyd;fpl;L tjw;fhf> kdk; jpUg;jpAWk;tiu jpUk;gj;jpUk;gr; nrhd;dhy; ek;Ks;Ns FbapUf;Fk; N~j;uf;Qdhfpa gughj;kh ek;Kd; ek;gpf;if vDk; xspia xspur;nra;J chpa topiaf; fhl;Lthh; vd;W ek;GNthkhf - tR=)

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 105 -

Mj;k e~j;u khyh

jUkh; Nfl;l me;j MW Nfs;tpfSf;Fk; tpilaspf;f Kaw;rpj;j gP\;kh; tp\;Z ]`];uehkh ];Njhj;jpukhiyia mUspdhh;. fpNkfk; ijtjk; NyhNf vd;Wk; Kjy; Nfs;tpf;F Vfhj;kh(965)it mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L tpilaspj;jhh;. xt;nthd;whf Mj;kh vd;W KbAk; thh;j;ijfisf; nfhz;l thpirahff; Nfhh;f;fg;gl;l 27 thh;j;ijfs; nfhz;L khiyahf mJ ]`];uehkhtpd; vd;W KO tbtj;jpD}Nl> ,e;j khiy thdntspapy; kpd;Dk; el;rj;jpuq;fshf n[hypg;gjhy; Mjpk el;rj;jpukhyh ngahpl;bUf;fpNwhk;. Mj;kNaheP:(985) vd;fpw thh;j;ijahy; Kbr;rplg; gl;bUf;fpwJ. ,e;j khiy jhNd gpwe;jJ (];tak;[hj: 986) jhNd nra;Jnfhz;lJ jhNd mzpe;J nfhz;lJ (];uf; tP - 217) ,ij mzpaf; $ba jFjp ngw;wth;fs; ekJ FUkhhpfs; kl;LNk.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 106 -

Mj;ke~j;u khyh f;Ujpuhjkthd;

Mj;kNahep:
1.G+(B)jhj;kh(8) 2. G+(P)jhj;kh(10) 3.gukhj;kh(11) 4.mNkahj;kh(103) 5.]khj;kh(108) 6.rJuhj;kh(139) 7.j;Ujhj;kh(162) 8.mNkahj;kh(181) 9. tp];Ujhj;kh(209) 10. tp];thj;kh(227) 11.ept;Ujhj;kh(231) 12. g;urd;dhj;kh(239) 13. mg;uNkahj;kh(249) 15.t;Uj;jhj;kh(353) 16.tpKf;jhj;kh(453) 17.iefhj;kh(469) 18. mee;jhj;kh(521) 19.ept;Ujhj;kh(604) 20.tp[pjhj;kh(626) 21.mtpNjahj;kh(627) 22.tp]{j;jhj;kh(642) 23. j;hpNyhfhj;kh(652) 24.rJuhj;kh(775) 25. ept;Ujhj;kh(780) 26.fgPuhj;kh(937) 27.Vfhj;kh(965)

14.g;ufh]hj;kh

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 107 -

k`j;khyh
tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpy; nkhj;jk; 43 k`j; thh;j;ijfs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. Kjy; thh;j;ij k`h];te: filrp thh;j;ij k`he;. eLthh;j;ij k`h Njt:

k`h];te: ];U\;bapd; NghJ Vw;gl;l mirTfspd; nja;tPf

rg;jj;ijf; Fwpf;fpwJ. ];tak;G+: ]k;Guhjpj;a: G\;fuh~: k`h];te: / vq;Fk; epiwe;jpUf;Fk; k`htp\;Z ];tak;G+:thf> ed;ik nra;tijNa Fwpf;Nfhshff; nfhz;l #hpa gfthdhff; Njhd;Wfpwhh;. (]k;Guhjpj;a:)

k`he;: mZ: g;U`j; f;U]: ];J}y: Fzg;Uj; eph;Fz:

k`he; Mfpa thh;j;ijfs; xd;whfg; gpugQ;r KOikiaAk; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wd. vdNt vg;nghOnjy;yhk; ]`];uehkhtpy; k`j; tUfpwNjh mg;nghOnjy;yhk; ,e;jg;gpugQ;r KOikiaAk; nrhy;Yk; thh;j;ijahf mJ mike;JtpLfpwJ.

k`hNjt: jh;k Gj;juhpd; fpNkfk; ijtjk; NyhNf? vd;Dk;

Nfs;tpf;F tpilahf k`hNjt: mikfpwJ MjpNjt: k`hNjt: NjNt]: Njtg;Uj;FU: vd;fpw nra;fpwJ. thh;j;ijfspD}Nl nrhy;yp> kNf];tu: G+j Njt:-it Nfs;tpf;fhd vDk; thh;j;ij ehd;F gjpiy ,e;j Kiw cWj ehd;F jpUk;gj;jpUk;gr;

thh;j;ijfl;Fk; jiyik jhq;FfpwJ. k`hNjt: Njhd;Wk; ,lj;ijAk;> me;j thh;j;ijapd; ngUikiaAk; tw;GWj;jNt =rq;fuh; G+jkN`];tu: it g+Nj e]j;Nae ] Vt guNkh k`he; <];tu: / vd;W tpsf;Ffpwhh;.
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 108 -

cz;ikapy; k`hNjt: NjNt]:

]`];uhk;]{: Njtg;Uj;

tpjhjh cj;ju:

f;Ujy~z: Mfpa 12

fg];jpNekp: ]j;t];j: ]pk;`: G+j kN`];tu: MjpNjt: FU: thh;j;ijfSk; k`hNjt:tpd; jiyikapy; #hpa gfthidj; Jjpf;fpd;wd.

k`j;khyh
k`h];te: k`hjg: k`hkha: kN`hj;]h`: k`hgy: k`hGj;jp: k`htPh;a: k`h]f;jp: k`hj;Ajp: k`hj;hpj;Uf;: kN`\;th]: kN`e;j;u: k`h]e: k`hh;j;jp: k`h~ : k`hghf: k`hNfh]: k`hNghf: k`hjw: k`hkf: k`hNa[;a: k`he;: k`hepjp: k`hG+j: k`hfh;j: k`h`;Uj: k`hfh;kh: k`h%h;j;jp: k`h`tp: k`haf;Q: k`ha;[;th: k`hf;uJ: kN`huf: k`hNj[h: k`hfh;kh: k`hf;uk: k`hk`h: k`htuh` : k`h];Uq;fh: k`hh;\p: k`hh;`: kN`hjjp]a:

k`hNjt:
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 109 -

1. jpt;aehkhf;fspd; kfpik
(lhf;lh; Mr;rhh; mth;fs; jd;Dila tho;f;ifapy; ele;j rk;gtq;fs; rpytw;iw = tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpd; jpt;a ehkhf;fs; rpytw;Wld; njhlh;GgLj;jp> ]`];uehkh ];Njhj;jpu ghuhazj;jhy; mtUf;F Vw;gl;l gyd;fis tpsf;fpapUf;fpwhh;. mtw;Ws; rpytw;iwg; ghh;g;Nghk; - tR =)

mE$y: ]jhth;j;j:
vg;nghOJk; Nghy; md;wpuTk;> ifapy; xUGj;jfj;Jld; vdjiwapy; Xa;ntLj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;Njd;. nfhRf;fspd; gilnaLg;G kpf mjpfkhf ,Ue;j fhyk; mJ. ekf;Fj; J}f;fkpy;yhj mit! Rthu];akhfg; nfhz;Nld;; gpwF Gj;jfk; kwe;J gbj;Jf; NghNdd;. nfhz;bUe;jNghJ ,uz;L %d;W ,lJ ifapy; nfhR fbj;jJ: mhpg;G Vw;gl;lJ. nrhhpe;J ehl;fSf;Fg; gpwF nfhR fbj;j ,lJ ifapy; Gz;Zk; mhpg;Gk; Vw;gl;lJ. ,lJ ifapy;> ehNd ghh;j;Jf; nfhs;s Kbahj gFjpapy; mJ ,Ue;jJ. Kfk; ghh;f;Fk; fz;zhb %yk; me;jg; Gz;izg; ghh;f;f Kaw;rpj;Njd;. epoyhf me;jg;Gz; Njhypy; njhpe;;jJ. Njkyh ? gilah ? gw;wh ? njhw;Wk; jd;ikAilajh ? ehNd lhf;luhdjhy; gytpjkhd re;Njfq;fs;. xU Ntis mJ thf ,Uf;FNkh ? gak; njhw;wpf; nfhz;lJ. r%fk; gopf;Fk; Neha; Mapw;Nw mJ. r%fk; ek;ik xJf;fp itj;J tpLNkh ? njhlh;e;J Juj;jpa
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 110 -

,uTfisj;jUk;

nfhRf;fspd;

ey;ypuTfs;

,e;j vz;zq;fisnay;yhk; tpul;bagbf;F Kaw;rpj;Njd;; Kbatpy;iy. 26.02.1961 md;W khiy ehd; re;jpahte;jdk; nra;J nfhz;bUe;j NghJk; ,e;j vz;zk;jhd; vd; kdj;ij cWj;jpf; nfhz;NlapUe;jJ. fhaj;hpapd; gh;f: it ehd; jpahdk; nra;Ak; Nghnjy;yhk;> ]`];uehkhtpd; VjhtnjhU gFjpiaj; Njh;e;njLj;J mJgw;wpa Mo;e;j rpe;jidapy; %o;fp tpLtJ vd; tof;fk;. md;iwa khiyg;nghOjpy; %o;fp tpLtJ vd; tof;fk;. md;iwa khiyg;nghOjpy; mD$y : ]jhth;j;j : vd;fpw thh;j;ijfs; vd kdj;jpy; ,lwpaJ. gfthdpd; cjtp ekf;Fg; gy topfspy; tUk;.

tpjtpjkhd gy tbtq;fspy; te;J mth; ekf;F ed;ik Ghpthh;. cw;w ez;guhfg; gy;NtW Njhw;wq;fspy; te;J mth; cjTthh;. vd;idg; nghWj;j tiuapy;> mth; rUkNeha; tbtpy; te;J vdf;F vijNah czh;j;j epidf;fpwhh; vd;Nw vdf;Fj; Njhd;wpaJ. clNd rpy KbTfis ehd; vLj;Njd;. mLj;j ehs; fhiy> re;jpahte;jdj;ij Kbj;Jf; nfhz;L kJiu nrd;W Njhy; rpfpr;ir epGziug; ghh;j;Jtpl;L te;Jtplyhk; vd;fpw jpBh; KbTf;F te;Njd;. mLj;j ehs; fhiy 8.00 kzpf;Fg; Gwg;gl;Nlhk;. 10.45 kzpf;F kJiuapy; ,Ue;Njhk;. ehd; ghh;f;fj; jPh;khdpj;jpUe;j epGzh; vdf;F mwpKfkpy;yhjth;. mtUila ngah; kl;Lk;jhd; vdf;Fj; njhpAk;. tpyh]k; $lj; njhpahJ. vg;gb mtiug; ghh;g;gJ ? kUe;Jf;filapy; Nfl;Lg; ghh;f;fyhkh ?

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 111 -

xU cjtpahsiu

kUe;Jf;filaUfpy; tpl;L epGzhpd;

fhiu

epWj;jp

vdJ

tpyh]j;ij

tprhhpj;Jf;

nfhz;L tur; nrhd;Ndd;. ,e;jr; rkaj;jpy; rpwpJ J}uj;jpy; epd;W nfhz;bUe;j xUth;> fhiu Kd;dhy; Xl;bf;nfhz;L tUkhW irif fhz;gpj;jhh;. (,e;j ,lj;jpypUe;Jjhd; ,e;j rk;gtj;jpd; mD$y: xU jpz;ikahd tbtpy; Njhd;w Muk;gpj;jhh;.) fhiuf;fpsg;gp mth;Kd; nfhz;LNgha; epWj;jpNdhk;. mth;> Iah ! ,J Neh ghh;f;fpq; Vhpah. fhiu vjph;g;gf;fj;jpy; nfhz;L Ngha; epWj;jpf; nfhs;Sq;fs;vd;W vq;fsplk; nrhd;dhh;. me;j ehfhpfkhd kdpjh;> ed;F goff; $batuhfTk;> gNuhgfhhpahfTk; Njhd;wpdhh;. mtUf;F ed;wp nrhd;d ifNahL Njhy; rpfpr;ir epGzhpd; tpyhrk; njhpAkh? Vd;Wk; Nfl;L itj;Njd;. me;j epGziu ,tUf;F kpf ed;whfj; njhpe;jpUe;jJ. tpyh]k;> ghh;f;Fkplk;> ghh;f;Fk; Neuk; Mfpa tptuq;fisf; flflntd;W xg;gpj;jhh;. mth; muR kUj;Jtkidapy; nfsutg; gjtp tfpg;gjhfTk; 11.00 kzp mstpy; mq;F nrd;W tpLthh; vd;Wk; $wpdhh;. vq;fs; biuth; nfhQ;rq;$l re;Njfkpy;yhky; topiag; Ghpe;J nfhs;Sk;tiu mth; tpltpy;iy; rpuj;ijAld; nrhy;ypf; nfhz;NlapUe;jhh;. tpyh]k; ,jw;Fs; Nghd kUe;Jf;filf;F cjtpahsUk; epGzhpd; cjl;ilg; tprhhpf;fg;;

gpJf;fpathNu jpUk;g te;J Nrh;e;jhh; ! nrhy;yg;gl;l topapNyNa nrd;W nfhz;bUe;j ehq;fs; FWf;Fr; rhiy xd;iw topapy; fz;lJk; kPz;Lk; jpifj;Njhk;. Neuhfg; Nghtjh? tyg;Gwk; jpUk;Gtjh?

,lg;Gwk; jpUk;Gtjh? ehq;fs; Fok;gpf; nfhz;bUe;j NghJ

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 112 -

irf;fpspy; jpBnud;W vq;fs; Kd;Njhd;wpa xUth; `Nyh lhf;lh;? vq;Nf ,t;tsT J}uk;? vd;W Nfl;Lf; Fryk; tprhhpj;jhh;. vdJ neUq;fpa ez;gh; lhf;lh; Nfhtpe;juhtpd; cjtpahsh; mth; ! (kPz;Lk; mD$y : NtnwhU tbtpy;). te;j gpd;dhNyNa njUTf;Fs; fhhpaj;ijg; thUq;fs; Eioe;J> gw;wpr; nrhd;dJk; vd;

vd;W rpy

nrhy;yptpl;L

irf;fpspy; mtuJ ez;gh;

Kd;dhy; nrd;whh;. ,g;gb ntF Rygkhf epGzh; FbapUf;Fk; tPLfisf; tpl;Nlhk;. fle;J irf;fps; ngah;g;gyifiaAk; ghh;j;J

tpiue;J cs;NsNgha; f&h; lhf;lh; ghh;f;f te;jpUg;gjhff;; $wp> vd;id mtUf;F mwpfKk; nra;J itj;jgpd;> tpil ngw;Wf; nfhz;lhh;. epGzNuh fhiyapy;> ghh;f;f Ntz;ba Nehahspfisnay;yhk; ghh;j;Jtpl;L muR kUj;Jtkidf;Fg; Gwg;gl;Lf; nfhz;bUe;jhh;. ,Ug;gpDk; ,d;Kfj;Jld; vd;id tuNtw;Wj; jd;Dila miwapy; nrsfhpakhf cl;fhu itj;J cgrhpj;jhh;. Ntz;LNk gag;gl;lgb gpwF vd;fpw rhtfhrkhf mtruk;> vd;idg; ghpNrhjpf;f Muk;gpj;jhh;. muR kUj;Jtkidf;F chpa Neuj;jpy; nry;y mthplk; ve;j fhzg;gltpy;iy. tpahjpAk; te;J Nrhjid Kbtpy; mth; vd;idg; ghh;j;J> lhf;lh; ePq;fs; cq;fSf;Fg; nghpjhf tpltpy;iy. ,J xU tiff;fhshdhy; NjhYf;F Vw;gl;l ghjpg;G vd;W $wptpl;L xU kUe;Jr; rPl;il vOjpf; ifapy; nfhLj;jhh;. vdf;F epk;kjpg; ngU%r;R te;jJ. neQ;rpypUe;j nghpaghuk; epGzUf;F ifFYf;fp ,wf;fp vd; itf;fg;gl;Ltpl;ljhf ed;wpiaj; ehq;fs; czh;e;Njd;. fhUf;F te;J
- 113 -

kdkhh;e;j

njhptpj;Jtpl;Lf;

tpilngw;Nwd;.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

midtUk; Vwp cl;fhh;e;J ];lhh;l; nra;tjw;Fs; epGzhpd; fhh; gLNtfkhf vq;fisf; fle;J muR kUj;Jtkid Nehf;fpg; gwg;gijg; ghh;j;Njhk;. mD$y : ]jhth;j;j : tpd; cjtpapy;yhkypUe;J me;j Neuj;jpy; mtiu ehd; ghh;j;jpuhtpl;lhy;> mth; muR ehd; kUj;Jtkidf;Fr; nrd;wpUe;jpUg;ghh;. khiytiu

fhj;jpUf;f Ntz;bapUe;jpUf;Fk;. kJiuapy; vq;fSf;F NtW ve;j NtiyANk

,y;yhjjhy; ehq;fs; clidNa f&h; jpUk;g vz;zpNdhk;. Gwg;gl;L efu vy;iyf;Fk; te;Jtpl;l gpwFjhd; vq;fis epGzhplk; mioj;Jr; nrd;w ez;gUf;F ed;wp $lr; nrhy;yhky; te;Jtpl;NlhNk vd;W Njhd;wpaJ. ,e;Neuk; mth; vdJ ez;gh; lhf;lh; Nfhtpe;juhtplk; ehd; kJiu te;jpUf;Fk; nra;jpiar; nrhy;ypapUe;jpUg;ghh;. kJiu te;j ehd; mtiug; ghh;f;fhky; Ch; jpUk;g khl;Nld; vd;fpw ek;gpf;ifapy; Nfhtpe;juht; vd;id vjph;ghh;j;Jf; fhj;Jf;nfhz;bUg;ghh;. mtiug; ghh;f;fhky; NghtJ ed;whf ,Uf;Fkh? jpUk;gTk; CUf;Fs; jpUk;gr; nry;y Kbahj njhiytpw;F ehq;fs; te;J tpl;bUe;Njhk;. vd;d nra;ayhk; vd;W kdk; miygha;e;J nfhz;bUe;j NghJ jpBnud;W vq;fs;Kd; Nkhl;lhh; irf;fpspy; Njhd;wpdhh; lhf;lh; Nfhtpe;juhtpd; cjtpahsh; ! (kPz;Lk; mD$y:) fhiu clNd epWj;jr; nrhy;yp mtiu mUfpy; $g;gpl;L> gyKiw cskhw vdJ ed;wpia mthplk; njhptpj;Jtpl;L> vd;Dila mtruj;ij mthplk; tpsf;fp> lhf;lh; Nfhtpe;juhitg; ghh;f;f Kbahky; Nghdjw;F tUj;jk;

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 114 -

njhptpf;fr; nrhy;yp> vdJ md;igAk; mthplk; nrhy;yr; nrhd;d gpwFjhd; vd;kdk; epk;kjpaile;jJ. gpw;gfy; ,uz;L kzp RkhUf;F ehq;fs; f&h; te;J Nrh;e;J tpl;Nlhk;. vdJ kfpo;r;rpiaAk;> kd epk;kjpiaAk; nrhy;y thh;j;ijfspy;iy. tp\;Z ]`];uehkhtpd; nja;tPfr; nrhw;fshd mD$y : ]jhth;j;j : mtw;iwj; njhlUk; gj;kP gj;kepNg~z : Mfpatw;wpd; kfpikahy; vy;yhk; mD$ykhf Kbe;jJ.

2. neQ;rj;J mfk; ef el;gJ el;G

xU ey;y ez;ghpd; Fzeyd;fs;: ]{t;Uj: ]{Kf: ]_~;k: ]{Nfh\: ]{fj: ]{`;Uj; kNeh`u: [pjf;Nuhj: tPugh`{: tpjhuz: ];thge: ];tt]: t;ahgp> iefhj;kh ieffh;kf;Uj; tj;]u: tj;]Nyh tj;]{ uj;dfh;g: jNd];tu: jh;kFg; jh;kf;Uj; jh;kP ]j; (24 thh;j;ijfs;) mJ xU rpwpa mofpa fpuhkk;. mq;F tp\;Z gf;jUk; =tp\;Z r`];uehk cgh]fUkhd xU Vio trpj;Jte;jhh;. mtUf;F xUkfs;. me;j xNu kfSf;Fj; jpUkzk; epr;rakhdJ. Mdhy; ey;yKiwapy; jpUkzk; elj;jf; $ba trjptha;g;G mthplk; ,y;iy. vg;gb rkhspf;fg;NghfpNwhk; vd;W mth; ftiyg;gl;Lf; nfhz;bUe;jNghJ jdJ ez;gh; (]{`;Uj:) xUthpd; jahs Fzk; (]{t;uj:) ,tUf;F Qhgfk; te;jJ. me;j ez;gh; gzf;fhuh;: gNuhgfhhp (uj;dfh;g: jNd];tu: jh;kFg; gjh;kf;Uj; jh;kh)
= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 115 -

mtiug; gw;wp ,th; ,g;gb epidj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;j NghJ njhiyAzh;Tj; njhlh;ghy; miog;G tpLf;fg;gl;lth; Nghy (]pj;j:) mth; ,th;Kd; Nehpy; Njhd;wpdhh;! (]h;tf;Q: ]h;tNjhKf: ]{yg: ]{t;Uj: ]pj;j:) Gd;dif nghq;fp topa (]{Kf:) mth; ,thplk; te;J `Nyh nrsf;fpakh? vd;W Fryk; tprhhpj;jhh; (]{Nfh\:) ez;gh; kpfTk; md;ghfg; NgrpaTld; (kNehf`u:) cgh]fh; jdJ kfs; jpUkzk; gw;wpAk;> jhd; vjph;Nehf;Fk; gpur;rpid gw;wpAk; $wpdhh; (vg;nghOJk; cq;fs; gpur;rid vt;tsT nghpanjd;W flTsplk; flTs; $wf;$lhJ. vt;tsT me;jg; nghpath; gpur;ridaplk;jhd; cq;fs;

vd;gijr; nrhy;y Ntz;Lk; - tR=?) ez;gh; ,tuJ Jauj;ijj; jzpf;Fk; tpjkhf

ftiyg;glhjPh;fs;. vdf;F epiwa ez;gh;fs; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs; - (iefhj;kh) mth;fs; ve;j Ntiyiar; nrhd;dhYk; kdKte;J (tPugh`P:) nra;thh;fs;. mth;fs; jplfhj;jpuh;fs; - (ieffh;kf;Uj;)

mth;fs; ve;jtpjkhd Ntiyg;gSitAk; jhq;ff; $bath;fs; - (tpjhuz:) mikjpAk; md;Gk; nfhz;lth;fs; vy;yhg;nghWg;igAk; vd;dplk; tpl;LtpLq;fs; ehd; miye;J jphpe;J (t;ahgp) vy;yh - ([pjf;Nuhj:) (];tt]:) Vw;ghLfisAk; - (];thkpe:)
- 116 -

nra;fpNwd;. ePq;fs; vijg;gw;wpAk; ftiyg;glhky; epk;kjpahf ,Uq;fs;

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

fy;ahzj;jpw;F tUk; cwtpdh;fisAk; tpUe;jpdh;fisAk; ehd;md;Gld; cgrhpg;Ngd; - (tj;]u: tj;]Nyh tj;]{) cq;fSf;F vt;tsT gzk; Ntz;LkhdhYk; jUfpNwd;. - (uj;ifh;g: jNd];tu: jh;kFg;jh;kf;Uj; jh;kP) ,g;gb ez;gdhy; cWjpnra;ag;gl;L mj;jpUkzk; kpfr;rpwg;ghf ele;NjwpaJ. (]j;) tp\;Z Mjuthf ]`];uehkh jd;Dila cjtp gf;jh;fSf;F vd;gij

ez;gh;fs;%yk;

nra;fpwJ

Nkw;nfhs;s rk;gtk; cWjpnra;fpwJ.

3.,aw;ifia kPwpa mw;Gjk;

(= tp\;Z ]`];uehk N`hkk; vg;gbr; nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lnkd;gij ru];tjp xUtUlj;Jf;Fk; tpsf;fpa vd;Dila Nkyhf lhf;lh; Mr;rhh; Xh; mw;Gj fle;j czh;T epfo;itr; nrhy;fpwhh;.) ikj;Jdhpd; mtUf;F gy;NtW kidtp. thrid

mw;Wg;Ngha; thridNa njhpahky;Ngha;tpl;lJ. cznty;yhk; Ritaw;wjhfptpl;lJ. rpfpr;irKiwfSk; gydspf;ftpy;iy. epGzh;fSk; iftphpj;Jtpl;ldh;. gphpl;b\; kUj;Jt rQ;rpif $l ,e;j Nehiaf; Fzg;gLj;j KbahJ vd;W nrhy;yp tpl;lJ. ,e;j re;jh;g;gj;jpy;> ,y;yj;jpy; tp\;Z ]`];uehk N`hkk; Vw;ghL nra;ag;gl;L ele;Jnfhz;bUe;jJ. kUkfs; Rgj;uhTf;F jpBnud;W xU vz;zk; Njhd;wpaJ mj;ij N`hkFz;lj;jpd; mUfpy; Ngha; cl;fh;e;J nfhz;L

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 117 -

N`hkg;Gifiar; mg;gbNa nra;jhh;.

RthrpAq;fNsd;!

vd;whs;.

ru];tjpAk;

md;Wkhiy thridAk;

mth;

cztUe;jpaNghJ>

jpBnud;W

RitAk;

jdf;Fj;njhpaj;

njhlq;fptpl;lJ

vd;gij czh;e;jhh;. czT tiffs; Urpahf ,Ue;jd. mUfpy; mkh;e;J rhg;gpl;Lf; nfhz;bUe;j Rgj;uhtplk; ,e;j ew;nra;jpia vy;iyNa ru];tjp 9 $wpdhh;. tUlq;fs; mtuile;j fle;J kfpo;r;rpf;F mth; ,y;iy. tpl;ld.

epue;jukhff; Fzkile;J tpl;lhh;. gfthd; cz;ikapNyNa g;hpaf;Uj; g;hPjpth;je: mE$y: ]jhth;j;j: [aJ: vd;gJ ,jd;%yk; tpsq;Ffpwjy;yth?

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 118 -

KbTiu
thq;fy; lhf;lh; H.J.Mr;rhh; mth;fs; jdJ Ez;zpa mwpTj; jpwikahy; = tp\;Z ]`];uehk]; Njhj;jpuj;ij xUtphpthd Ma;Tf;Fl;gLj;jp E}y; vOjpdhh;fs; mijg;gyKiw gbj;Jg; ghh;j;J> vOjpg; ghh;j;J Ghpe;Jnfhs;s Kad;W> jkpo; nkhop ngah;f;Fk; kpff; fbdkhd ,g;gzpia Nkw;nfhz;Nld;. kpf cahpa Mq;fpy eilapy; vOjg;gl;bUe;j ,e;E}iy vd;dhy; Kbe;jtiu vspa jkpopy; nkhopngah;f;f Kaw;rpj;J> gfthd; mDf;u`j;jhy; Kbj;Jk; tpl;Nld;. ,e;jg; gzpf;F cWJizahf. NkhfD}h; rh;f;fiu Miyapd; nghwpahsh; ,dpa ez;gh; jpU jp.gd;dPh; nry;tk; tpsq;fpdhh;. vdf;F cjt mtiuaDg;gpa gfthDf;Fj;jhd; ed;wp nrhy;y Ntz;Lk;. mthpy;iyNay; vdJ Kaw;rp Klf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;. %d;W ghfq;fisAk; gbj;J Kbj;j gpd; - my;yJ ehd; nkhopngah;j;J Kbj;jjgpd; epidtpy; epw;Fk; vz;zq;fs; vd;ndd;d vd;W vz;zpg;ghh;j;Njd;.

1. ]j;aj;ijAk; jh;kj;ijAk;jhd; tp\;Z ]`];uehkk; ekf;Fhpa tho;f;if newpnad eph;zapf;fpwJ. mtw;wpd; %ykhfNt gfthdhfpa ,Wjp ,yf;if ehk; mile;J ]he;jpaila KbAk;. 2. flik jtwhky;> cyfed;ikf;fhfNt gzpahw;wp

kf;fis u~pf;Fk; kpfr;rpwe;j xNu flTs; #hpa gfthNd.

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 119 -

3. #hpa gfthdpd; mk;rkhf tpsq;Fk; mf;dpNjtdpd; %ykhfNt ehk; ekJ G+i[fis elj;jp> jh;k topapy; M`{jpfisr; rkh;g;gpj;J ,ftho;tpy; RfkilAk; ehk; gpwF gukidailaTk; mf;dp%ykhfNt gazpf;fpNwhk;. 4. Roy; jj;Jtj;jpy; gpugQ;rk; ,aq;FfpwJ. Mf;fy; fhj;jy; - mopj;jy; kPz;Lk; Mf;fy; vd;W njhlUk; ,e;j Roy; jj;JtKk;> fhaj;hp k`h ke;jpuKk; jhd; #hpa gfthidj; Jjpghb mtiuaila cjTk; fUtpfs;. 5. kdjhy; jpahdpj;J> thahy; ehkhf;fisr; nrhy;yp kyuhy; mh;r;rpf;fj;jf;f %h;j;jpfs; jrhtjhu %h;j;jpfs;. mth;fSs; = uhkUk; = fpU\;zUk; kpfg; ngUk;ghd;ikapduhy; tpUk;gg;gLfpwth;fs;. =eu]pk;k %h;j;jpapd; gf;jh;fSk; cz;L. tpf;u` Muhjidia tpUk;ghjth;fs; ]`];uhh;r;rp vd;wiof;fg;gLfpw #hpa gfthid mf;dpapd; Jiz nfhz;L Muhjpj;J M`{jpfisr; rkh;g;gpj;Jf;fyhk;. 6. =,uhkhpd; tho;f;if Nghjpf;Fk; jh;knewpNa vy;yh jh;k newpfisAk;tplr; rpwe;jjhFk;. 7. gpwtpj;jisapypUe;J tpLgl =tp\;Z ]`];u

ehkhtpy; cs;s ve;j ehkhit Ntz;LkhdhYk;

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;
- 120 -

[gpf;fyhk;. Mee;j &g: mee;j =: Mfpait ,yl;rpa [g ke;jpuq;fs;. ]j;ak;> jh;kk;> guhf;ukk; Mfpatw;wpd; ciwtplkhfg; gfthidg; Nghw;wpj; Jjpf;fpNwhk;. ,e;j %d;Wk; gfthd; mUshy; ek; xt;nthUtUf;Fk; fpilj;Jtpl;lhy;?...... mitNa ekJ Gdpjtho;tpd; ,Wjp ,yf;fhf mikal;Lk;.

= tp\;Z ]`];uehkh Ma;TE}y; epiwtilfpwJ

= tp\;Z ]`];u ehkk;

- 121 -