Mch xoay chiu

Dng 1. Bi tp cch to ra dng in xoay chiu:

Bi 1: Mt khung dy c din tch S = 60cm2 quay u vi vn tc 20 vng trong mt giy.
Khung t trong t trng u B = 2.10-2T. Trc quay ca khung vung gc vi cc ng cm
ng t, lc t = 0 php tuyn khung dy c hng ca .
a. Vit biu thc t thng xuyn qua khung dy.
b. Vit biu thc sut in ng cm ng xut hin trong khung dy.
Hng dn:
a. Chu k:
1 1
0, 05
20
o
T
n

(s).
Tn s gc:
2 2 .20 40
o
n
(rad/s).

2 4 5
1.2.10 .60.10 12.10
o
NBS

(Wb)
Vy
5
12.10 cos40 t

(Wb)
b.
5 2
40 .12.10 1,5.10
o o
E

(V)
Vy
2
1,5.10 sin40 E t

(V) Hay
2
cos
2
1,5.10 40 E t

_

,

(V)
Bi 2: Mt khung dy dn gm N = 100 vng qun ni tip, din tch mi vng dy l S =
60cm2. Khung dy quay u vi tn s 20 vng/s, trong mt t trng u c cm ng t B =
2.10-2T. Trc quay ca khung vung gc vi .
a. Lp biu thc ca sut in ng cm ng tc thi.
b. V th biu din sut in ng cm ng tc thi theo thi gian.
Hng dn:
a. Chu k:
1 1
0, 05
20
o
T
n

s.
Tn s gc: 2 2 20 40
o
n (rad/s)
Bin ca sut in ng:
E
o
= NBS = 40

.100.2.10
-2
.60.10
-4

1,5V
Chn gc thi gian lc
( )
, 0 n B
r ur
0 .
Biu thc ca sut in ng cm ng tc thi:
sin 1,5sin 40
o
e E t t (V)
Hay cos 1,5cos 40
2
o
e E t t


_


,
(V).
b. th biu din e theo t l ng hnh
sin:
- Qua gc ta O.
- C chu k T = 0,05s
- Bin E
o
= 1,5V.
Bi 3: Mt khung dy dn c N = 100 vng dy qun ni tip, mi vng c din tch S = 50cm
2
.
Khung dy c t trong t trng u B = 0,5T. Lc t = 0, vect php tuyn ca khung dy
hp vi
B
uur
gc
3

. Cho khung dy quay u quanh trc (trc i qua tm v song

song vi mt cnh ca khung) vung gc vi
B
uur
vi tn s 20 vng/s. Chng t rng trong
khung xut hin sut in ng cm ng e v tm biu thc ca e theo t.
Hng dn:
Khung dy quay u quanh trc vung gc vi cm ng t
B
ur
th gc hp bi vect php
tuyn
n
r
ca khung dy v
B
ur
thay i t thng qua khung dy bin thin Theo nh lut
cm ng in t, trong khung dy xut hin sut in ng cm ng.
Tn s gc: 2 2 .20 40
o
n (rad/s)
Bin ca sut in ng :

4
40 .100.0,5.50.10 31, 42
o
E NBS

(V)
Chn gc thi gian lc
( )
,
3
n B

r ur
Biu thc ca sut in ng cm ng tc thi:
31, 42sin 40
3
e t

_
+

,
(V) Hay 31, 42cos 40
6
e t

_


,
(V)
Bi 4: Khung dy gm N = 250 vng quay u trong t trng u c cm ng t B = 2.10
-2
T.
Vect cm ng t
B
uur
vung gc vi trc quay ca khung. Din tch ca mi vng dy l S =
400cm
2
. Bin ca sut in ng cm ng trong khung l
4
o
E
(V) 12,56 (V). Chn
gc thi gian (t = 0) lc php tuyn ca khung song song v cng chiu vi
B
ur
.
a. Vit biu thc ca sut in ng cm ng e theo t.
b. Xc nh gi tr ca sut in ng cm ng thi im
1
40
t s.
c. Xc nh thi im sut in ng cm ng c gi tr 6, 28
2
o
E
e V.
Hng dn:
a. Tn s gc :
2 4
4
20
250.2.10 .400.10
o
E
NBS



(rad/s)
Biu thc ca sut in ng cm ng tc thi:
12,56sin20 e t (V) hay 12,56cos 20
2
e t

_


,
(V).
b. Ti
1
40
t s th
1
12,56sin 20 . 12,56
40
e
_


,
V
c. 6, 28
2
o
E
e V 6, 28 12,56sin20 t
sin20 0,5 sin
6
t



2
6
20
5
2
6
k
t
k

1
( )
120 10
1
( )
24 10
k
s
t
k
s

Bi 5: Mt con lc n gm mt dy kim loi nh c u trn I c nh, u di treo qu cu

nh C bng kim loi. Chiu di ca dy l l = 1m.
a. Ko C ra khi v tr cn bng gc
0,1
o

rad ri bung cho C dao ng t do. Lp biu
thc tnh gc

hp bi dy treo v phng thng ng theo thi gian t.

b. Con lc dao ng trong t trng u c
B
uur
vung gc vi mt phng dao ng ca con lc.
Cho B = 0,5T, chng t gia I v C c mt hiu in th u. Lp biu thc ca u theo thi gian t.
Hng dn:
a. Tn s gc:
9,8
1
g
l
(rad/s)
Phng trnh dao ng ca con lc c dng: ( ) sin
o
t +
Chn gc thi gian t = 0 lc con lc lch khi v tr cn bng gc 0,1
o
rad.
ti t = 0 th
o

sin
o o
sin 1
2

rad
Vy 0,1sin
2
t


_
+

,
(rad).
b. Con lc dao ng trong t trng u c
B
ur
vung gc vi mt phng dao ng ca con lc
din tch S ca mt phng dao ng qut bi con lc thay i theo thi gian t t thng
qua din tch S bin thin trong con lc xut hin sut in ng cm ng, suy ra gia hai
u I v C ca con lc c mt hiu in th u.
Do vect php tuyn
n
r
ca mt phng dao ng qut bi con lc trng
B
ur

( )
, 0 n B
r ur
.
V mch IC h nn biu thc ca u theo t c dng : sin
o
u e E t
Vi
2
2
o
l
S

( Din tch hnh qut)

2
0,1.1
.1.0,5. 0, 079
2 2
o
o
l
E NBS NB

(V)
Vy 0, 079sin u e t (V).
Dng 2: Vit biu thc ca u v i
Bi 1:Mch in xoay chiu gm mt in tr thun R = 40 , mt cun thun cm c h s t
cm
0,8
L

H v mt t in c in dung
4
2.10
C

F mc ni tip. Bit rng dng in

qua mch c dng 3cos100 i t (A).
a. Tnh cm khng ca cun cm, dung khng ca t in v tng tr ton mch.
b. Vit biu thc in p tc thi gia hai u in tr, gia hai u cun cm, gia hai u t
in, gia hai u mch in.
Hng dn:
a. Cm khng:
0,8
100 . 80
L
Z L

Dung khng:
4
1 1
50
2.10
100 .
C
Z
C

Tng tr:
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
40 80 50 50
L C
Z R Z Z + +
b. V u
R
cng pha vi i nn :
cos100
R oR
u U t
vi U
oR
= I
o
R = 3.40 = 120V
Vy 120cos100 u t (V).
V u
L
nhanh pha hn i gc
2

nn:
cos 100
2
L oL
u U t

_
+

,
Vi U
oL
= I
o
Z
L
= 3.80 = 240V
Vy 240cos 100
2
L
u t

_
+

,
(V).
V u
C
chm pha hn i gc
2

nn:
cos 100
2
C oC
u U t

_


,
Vi U
oC
= I
o
Z
C
= 3.50 = 150V
Vy 150cos 100
2
C
u t

_


,
(V).
p dng cng thc:
80 50 3
tan
40 4
L C
Z Z
R

37
o

37
0, 2
180

(rad).
biu thc hiu in th tc thi gia hai u mch in:
( ) cos 100
o
u U t +
Vi U
o
= I
o
Z = 3.50 = 150V
Vy ( ) 150cos 100 0, 2 u t + (V).
Bi 2: Mt on mch in xoay chiu gm mt in tr thun R = 80 , mt cun dy thun
cm c t cm L = 64mH v mt t in c in dung 40 C F mc ni tip.
a. Tnh tng tr ca on mch. Bit tn s ca dng in f = 50Hz.
b. on mch c t vo in p xoay chiu c biu thc 282cos314 u t (V). Lp biu
thc cng tc thi ca dng in trong on mch.
Hng dn:
a. Tn s gc:
2 2 .50 100 f
rad/s
Cm khng:
3
100 .64.10 20
L
Z L


Dung khng:
6
1 1
80
100 .40.10
C
Z
C


Tng tr:
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
80 20 80 100
L C
Z R Z Z + +
b. Cng dng in cc i:

282
2,82
100
o
o
U
I
Z
A
lch pha ca hiu in th so vi cng dng in:

20 80 3
tan
80 4
L C
Z Z
R

37
o


37
37
180
o
i u

rad
Vy
37
2,82cos 314
180
i t
_
+

,
(A)
Bi 3:Cho mch in nh hnh v. Bit
1
10
L

H,
3
10
4
C

F
v n ghi (40V- 40W). t vo 2 im A v N mt hiu in
th 120 2 cos100
AN
u t (V). Cc dng c o khng lm
nh hng n mch in.
a. Tm s ch ca cc dng c o.
b. Vit biu thc cng dng in v in p ton mch.
Hng dn:
a. Cm khng:
1
100 . 10
10
L
Z L

Dung khng:
3
1 1
40
10
100 .
4
C
Z
C

in tr ca bng n:
2 2
m
m
40
40
40

U
R
P

Tng tr on mch AN:
2 2 2 2
40 40 40 2

AN C
Z R Z + +
S ch ca vn k:
120 2
120
2 2
oAN
AN
U
U V
S ch ca ampe k:
120 3
2,12
40 2 2
AN
A
AN
U
I I
Z

A
b. Biu thc cng dng in c dng:
( ) cos 100
o i
i I t + (A)
Ta c :
40
tan 1
40

C
AN
Z
R

4
AN

rad

4
i uAN AN AN

rad

3
2 . 2 3
2
o
I I A
Vy 3cos 100
4
i t

_
+

,
(A).
Biu thc hiu in th gia hai im A, B c dng:
( ) cos 100
AB o u
u U t + (V)
Tng tr ca on mch AB:

( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
40 10 40 50

AB L C
Z R Z Z + +
3.50 150
o o AB
U I Z V
Ta c:
10 40 3
tan
40 4

L C
AB
Z Z
R

37
180
AB

rad

37
4 180 20
u i AB

+ rad
Vy 150cos 100
20
AB
u t

_
+

,
(V)
Bi 4:S mch in c dng nh hnh v, in tr R = 40 ,
cun thun cm
3
10
L

H, t in
3
10
7
C

F. in p
120cos100
AF
u t (V). Hy lp biu thc ca:
a. Cng dng in qua mch.
b. in p hai u mch AB.
Hng dn:
a. Cm khng:
3
100 . 30
10
L
Z L

Dung khng:
3
1 1
70
10
100 .
7
C
Z
C

Tng tr ca on mch AF:
2 2 2 2
40 30 50
AF L
Z R Z + +

120
2, 4
50
oAF
o
AF
U
I
Z

A
Gc lch pha
AF
:
30 37
tan 0, 75
40 180
L
AF AF
Z
R

rad
Ta c:
37
0
180
i uAF AF AF AF

rad
Vy
37
2, 4cos 100
180
i t

_


,
(A)
b. Tng tr ca ton mch:
( )
2
2
40 30 70 40 2 Z +
2, 4.40 2 96 2
o o
U I Z V
Ta c:
30 70
tan 1
40 4
L C
AB AB
Z Z
R



rad

37 41
4 180 90
u AB i

+ rad
Vy
41
96 2 cos 100
90
u t

_


,
(V)
Bi 5: Cho mch in xoay chiu nh hnh v, R = 100 , L l t cm ca cun dy thun
cm,
4
10
3
C

F, R
A

0. in p
50 2 cos100
AB
u t (V). Khi K ng hay khi K m, s
ch ca ampe k khng i.
a. Tnh t cm L ca cun dy v s ch khng i ca ampe k.
b. Lp biu thc ca cng dng in tc thi trong mch khi K ng v khi K m.
Hng dn:
a. Theo bi, in p v s ch ampe k khng i khi K ng hay khi K m nn tng
tr Z khi K m v khi K ng bng nhau

( )
2
2 2 2
m d L C C
Z Z R Z Z R Z + +

( )
2
2
L C C
Z Z Z

2
0
L C C L C
L C C L
Z Z Z Z Z
Z Z Z Z

'

(Loi)
Ta c:
4
1 1
173
10
100 .
3
C
Z
C

2 2.173 346
L C
Z Z

346
1,1
100
L
Z
L

H
S ch ampe k bng cng dng in hiu dng khi K ng:

2 2 2 2
50
0, 25
100 173
A d
d
C
U U
I I
Z
R Z

+ +
A
b. Biu thc cng dng in:
- Khi K ng:
lch pha :
173
tan 3
100
C
d
Z
R

3
d

rad
Pha ban u ca dng in:
3
d
i u d d


Vy 0, 25 2 cos 100
3
d
i t

_
+

,
(A).
- Khi K m:
lch pha:
346 173
tan 3
100
L C
m
Z Z
R

3
m


Pha ban u ca dng in:
3
m
i u m m


Vy 0, 25 2 cos 100
3
m
i t

_


,
(A).
Bi 6: Cho mch in nh hnh v :
U
AN
=150V ,U
MB
=200V. lch pha U
AM
v U
MB
l / 2
N
L R
C

A
B
M
Dng in tc thi trong mch l : i=I
0
cos 100 t (A) , cun dy thun cm.Hy vit biu thc
U
AB
Hng dn:
Ta c : V U U U U U U
C AN C AN
150
2
R
2
R
+ + (1)
V U U U U U U
L MB L MB
200
2
R
2
R
+ + (2)
V U
AN
v U
MB
lch pha nhau / 2 nn
1
.
.
1 .
R R
2 1

U U
U U
tg tg
C L

hay U
2
R
= U
L
.U
C
(3)
T (1),(2),(3) ta c U
L
=160V , U
C
= 90V , V U 120
R

V U U U U
C L AB
139 ) (
2 2
R
+
s rad
U
U U
tg
C L
/ 53 , 0
12
7
R

vy u
AB
= 1392 cos(100 t +0,53) V
Bi 7: Cho mch in khng phn nhnh gm R = 1003 , cun dy thun cm L v t in C
=10
-4
/2 (F). t vo 2 u mch in mt hiu in th
u = 1002cos 100 t. Bit hiu in th U
LC
= 50V ,dng in nhanh pha hn hiu in th.Hy
tnh L v vit biu thc cng dng in i trong mch
Hng dn:
Ta c = 100 rad/s ,U = 100V,
200
1
C
Z
C

Hiu in th 2 u in tr thun l: V U U U
LC
3 50
2 2
R

cng dng in A
U
I 5 , 0
R
R
v 100
I
U
Z
LC
LC
V dng in nhanh pha hn hiu in th,m trn gin Frexnen,dng in c bi din
trn trc honh vy hiu in th c biu din di trc honh ngha l Z
L
< Z
C
. Do
Z
C
-Z
L
=100Z
L
=Z
C
-100 =100 suy ra H
Z
L
L
318 , 0

lch pha gia u v i :

6
3
1

R
Z Z
tg
C L
vy 0, 5 2 os(100 )( )
6
i c t A

+
Dng 3: Bi ton bin lun.
Bi 1:(Bin lun theo R). Cho mch in RLC ni tip c L,C khng i mc vo ngun in
xoay chiu c U v khng i, R bin thin, khi in tr nhn cc gi tr R
1
v R
2
th gc lch
gia in p ton mch v dng in trong mch l
1
,
2
ng thi cng sut tiu th trong
mch ln lt l l P
1
v P
2
a. Chng minh rng: P
1
= P
2
R
1
.R
2
= (Z
L
Z
C
)
2
:
1
+
2
= /2
b. Tm R P t gi tr cc i tnh gi tr cc i . Tnh cos v I
Hng dn:
a. Ta c P = I
2
R =
R
Z Z
R
U
R
Z Z R
U
Z
U
C L C L
2
2
2 2
2
2
2
) ( ) (
cos

+

(*)
Khi P
1
= P
2
ta c
1
2
1
2
) (
R
Z Z
R
U
C L

+
=
2
2
2
2
) (
R
Z Z
R
U
C L

+

1
2
1
) (
R
Z Z
R
C L

+
=
2
2
2
) (
R
Z Z
R
C L

+
R
1
R
2
=
2
2
) (
R
Z Z
C L

-
1
2
) (
R
Z Z
C L

R
1
R
2
= (Z
L
Z
C
)
2
(
1
1
2
1
R R

) R
1
.R
2
= (Z
L
Z
C
)
2
(1)
Z
L
Z
C
/R
1
= R
2
/ Z
L
Z
C
tan
1
= 1/ tan
2

1
+
2
= /2 (2)
b. T (*) ta c P max khi
R
Z Z
R
C L
2
) (
+
min
M theo BT Csi ta c:
R
Z Z
R
C L
2
) (
+
2 Z
L
Z
C

Du bng xy ra khi R =
R
Z Z
C L
2
) (
R = Z
L
Z
C
(3)
Khi P
max
= U
2
/2R = U
2
/2 Z
L
Z
C
(4)
V Cos R/ Z
AB
= 1/2, I = U/R 2
Bi 2: Cho mch in RLC ni tip bit L = 2/ (H) C = 125.10
-6
/ F , R bin thin: u
AB

=
150cos(100 t).
a. Khi P = 90W Tnh R
b. Tm R cng sut tiu th c gi tr cc i , tnh gi tr cc i
Hng dn:
a.Ta c: L Z
L
. = 200 ,
C
Z
C
.
1

= 80
Mt khc P = I
2
R =
R
Z Z
R
U
R
Z Z R
U
Z
U
C L C L
2
2
2 2
2
2
2
) ( ) (
cos

+



R
R
2
2
) 80 200 (
150

+
= 90
R
R
2
120
+ = 250 R = 160 hoc 90
Kt lun Vi R = 160 hoc 90 cng sut tiu th trn mch bng 90W
b. p dng (3) v (4) ta c Pmax khi R =120 v P
max
= 93,75W
Bi 3. Cho mch in RLC ni tip, bit Z
L
Z
C
= 60 U = 120V khng i R bin thin
a. Tnh P
max
(s: 120W)
b. Khi R nhn 2 gi tr gp 9/16 ln nhau th cng sut mch nh nhau. Tnh cc gi tr
(s: 45 & 80 )
Bi 4, Cho mch in RLC ni tip, bit U = 120V L = 0,2/ H, C khng i R bin thin
a. Khi R nhn 2 gi tr 18 v 32 th mch cng cng sut tiu th. Tnh Z
C
b. Tm R P t gi tr cc i (s: a. 44 , b. 24 )
Bi 5( Cng hng) Cho mch in xoay chiu nh hnh v.
Bit R = 50 ,
1
L

H. t vo hai u on mch mt in p xoay chiu

220 2 cos100 u t
(V). Bit t in C c th thay i c.
a. nh C in p ng pha vi cng dng in.
b. Vit biu thc dng in qua mch.
Bi gii:
a. u v i ng pha: 0 th trong mch xy ra hin tng cng hng in.
Z
L
= Z
C

1
L
C

( )
4
2
2
1 1 10
1
100 .
C
L

F
b. Do trong mch xy ra cng hng in nn Z
min
= R

min
220 2
4, 4 2
50
o o
o
U U
I
Z R
(A)
Pha ban u ca dng in: 0 0 0
i u

Vy
4, 4 2 cos100 i t
(A).
Bi 6: Cho mch in xoay chiu nh hnh v. Bit R =
200 ,
2
L

H,
4
10
C

F. t vo hai u mch in
mt hiu in th xoay chiu 100cos100 u t (V).
a. Tnh s ch ca ampe k.
b. Khi R, L, C khng i s ch ca ampe k ln nht, th tn s dng in phi bng bao
nhiu? Tnh s ch ampe k lc . (Bit rng dy ni v dng c o khng lm nh hng n
mch in).
Bi gii:
a. Cm khng:
2
100 . 200
L
Z L

Dung khng:
4
1 1
100
10
100 .
C
Z
C

Tng tr ca mch:

( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
200 200 100 100 5
L C
Z R Z Z + +
Ta c :
100 1
100 5 5
o
o
U
I
Z

(A)
S ch ca ampe k :
1
0,32
2 5. 2
o
A
I
I I
(A)
b. Ta c:
( )
2
2
L C
U
I
R Z Z

+
s ch ca ampe k cc i I
Amax
th Z
min
0
L C
Z Z

L C
Z Z (cng hng in)

1
2 .
2 .
f L
f C

4
1 1
35,35
2
2 10
2 .
f
LC

Hz
S ch ampe k cc i: I
Amax
=
max
min
100
0,35
2.200
U U
I
Z R

(A)
Bi 7:Trong mt on mch xoay chiu RLC ni tip, h s t cm ca cun dy l L = 0,1H ; t
in c in dung C = 1 F, tn s dng in l f = 50Hz.
a. Hi dng in trong on mch sm pha hay tr pha so vi in p hai u on mch ?
b. Cn phi thay t in ni trn bi mt t in c in dung C bng bao nhiu trn on
mch xy ra hin tng cng hng in?
Bi 18:Cho mch in xoay chiu c
120 2 cos100
AB
u t (V) n nh. in tr R =
24 , cun thun cm
1
5
L

H, t in
2
1
10
2
C

F,
vn k c in tr rt ln.
a. Tm tng tr ca mch v s ch ca vn k.
b. Ghp thm vi t in C
1
mt t in c in dung C
2
sao cho vn k c s ch ln nht. Hy
cho bit cch ghp v tnh C
2
. Tm s ch ca vn k lc .
Bi gii:
a. Cm khng :
1
100 . 20
5
L
Z L

Dung khng :
1
2
1
1 1
2
10
100 .
2
C
Z
C

Tng tr mch:
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
24 20 2 30
L C
Z R Z Z + +
S ch ca vn k:
120
. .20 80
30
AB
V L L L
U
U U IZ Z
Z
V.
b. Ta c:
V L L
U U IZ
Z
L
l hng s, U
Vmax
th I
max
Z
Ct
= Z
L
= 20 >
1
C
Z
phi ghp t in C
2
ni tip vi t in C
1

1 2
C C C
Z Z Z +

2 1
20 2 18
C C C
Z Z Z
in dung
2
2
2
1 1 10
100 .18 18
C
C
Z

F
S ch ca vn k lc ny l:

max max max
120.20
. 100
24
AB
V L L L
U
U U I Z Z
R
V
Bi 9:Mch in nh hnh. in p hai u A v B n nh c biu thc
100 2 cos100 u t
(V). Cun cm c t cm
2,5
L

, in tr thun R
o
= R
= 100 , t in c in dung C
o
. Ngi ta o c h s
cng sut ca mch in l cos 0,8 .
a. Bit in p u sm pha hn dng in i trong mch. Xc nh C
o
.
b. cng sut tiu th t cc i, ngi ta mc thm mt t in c in dung C
1
vi t in
C
o
c b t in c in dung C thch hp. Xc nh cch mc v gi tr ca C
1
.
Bi gii:
a. Cm khng:
2,5
100 . 250
L
Z L

Theo bi: cos 0,8

( ) ( )
2
2
0,8
o
o
o L C
R R
R R Z Z
+

+ +
( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 2
0, 64
o
o o L C
R R R R Z Z
1
+ + +
1
]

( ) ( )
2
2
0,36 0, 64
o
o L C
R R Z Z +
( ) 0, 75
o
L C o
Z Z R R +
V in p u sm pha hn dng in i nn Z
L
> Z
Co
( ) 0, 75
o
L C o
Z Z R R +
( ) ( ) 0, 75 250 0, 75 100 100 100
o
C L o
Z Z R R + +

4
1 1 10
100 .100
o
o
C
C
Z

(F)
b. V P = I
2
(R+R
o
) nn P
max
th I
max

L C
Z Z ( cng hng in)
250
C L
Z Z , Z
Co
= 100
Ta c Z
C
> Z
Co
C < C
o
C
1
mc ni tip vi C
o

1
1 1 1
o
C C C
+

1 o
C C C
Z Z Z +
1
250 100 150
o
C C C
Z Z Z

1
3
1
1 1 10
100 .150 15
C
C
Z

(F)
Dang 4: XC NH CC I LNG IN KHI BIT HAI ON
MCH C IN P CNG PHA, VUNG PHA.
Bai 1: Cho mach in xoay chiu nh hinh.
R
1
= 4 ,
2
1
10
8
C F

, R
2
= 100 ,
1
L

H ,
50 f
. Tim in dung C
2
, bit rng in ap u
AE
va u
EB
ng pha.
Bi gii:

AE
u i AE

;
EB
EB u i

V u
AE
v u
EB
ng pha nn
AE EB
u u


AE EB

tan tan
AE EB


1 2
1 2
C L C
Z Z Z
R R

2 1
2
1
C L C
R
Z Z Z
R
+

2
100
100 8 300
4
C
Z +

2
4
2
1 1 10
2 . 2 50.300 3
C
C
f Z

(F)
Bi 2:Cho mch in nh hnh v. U
AN
= 150V, U
MB
= 200V,
u
AN
v u
MB
vung pha vi nhau, cng dng in tc thi
trong mch c biu thc cos100
o
i I t (A). Bit cun
dy l thun cm. Hy vit biu thc u
AB
.
Bi gii:
Ta c:
2 2
150
AN R C
U U U +
V (1)

2 2
200
MB R L
U U U +
V (2)
V u
AN
v u
MB
vung pha nhau nn:

2 2
MB AN MB AN

+ (Vi 0
MB
> , 0
AN
< )
tan tan cot
2
MB AN AN

_
+

,
1
tan tan .tan 1
tan
MB MB AN
AN

2
. 1 .
L C
R L C
R R
U U
U U U
U U

(3)
T (1), (2) v (3), ta suy ra :
U
L
= 160V
,
U
C
= 90V, U
R
= 120V
Ta c :
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
120 160 90 139
AB R L C
U U U U + +
V
160 90 7
tan 0,53
120 12
L C
R
U U
U



rad
Vy
( ) 139 2 cos 100 0,53
AB
u t + (V)
Bi 3: Hai cun dy (R
1
, L
1
) v (R
2
, L
2
) mc ni tip vo mng xoay chiu. Tm mi lin h gia
R
1
, L
1
, R
2
, L
2
tng tr on mch Z = Z
1
+ Z
2
vi Z
1
v Z
2
l tng tr ca mi cun dy.
Bi gii:
Ta c: Z = Z
1
+ Z
2
I
o
Z = IZ
1
+ I
o
Z
2

U
o
= U
o1
+ U
o2
c th cng bin in p, cc thnh phn u
1
v u
2
phi ng pha.
V ( )
1 o1 1
cos u U t + (V)
( )
2 o2 2
cos u U t + (V)
( )
1 2
cos
o
u u u U t + +
M U
o
= U
o1
+ U
o2

1 2


1 2
tan tan
1 2
1 2
L L
Z Z
R R

1 2
1 2
L L
R R



1 1
2 2
L R
L R

Bi 4: Cho vo mch in hnh bn mt dng in xoay
chiu c cng cos100
o
i I t (A). Khi u
MB
v u
AN
vung pha nhau, v 100 2 cos 100
3
MB
u t

_
+

,
(V).
Hy vit biu thc u
AN
v tm h s cng sut ca mch MN.
Bi gii:
Do pha ban u ca i bng 0 nn 0
3 3
MB
MB u i

rad
Da vo gin vec-t, ta c cc gi tr hiu dng ca U
L
, U
R
, U
C
l:
U
R
= U
MB
cos
MB
100cos 50
3

(V)
tan 50tan 50 3
3
L R MB
U U

(V)
V u
MB
v u
AN
vung pha nhau nn
2 6
MB AN AN

rad
tan .tan 1
MB AN


. 1
L C
R R
U U
U U

2 2
50 50
50 3 3
R
C
L
U
U
U
(V)
O
L
U
uur
MB
U
uuuur
MN
U
uuuur
R
U
uur
AN
U
uuuur
C
U
uur
I
r
MB

MN

Ta c:
50 100 2
100
cos 3 3
cos
6
R
AN oAN
AN
U
U U

,
(V)
Vy biu thc
2
100 cos 100
3 6
AN
u t

_


,
(V).
H s cng sut ton mch:

( )
2 2
2
2
50 3
cos
7
50
50 50 3
3
R R
R L C
R U U
Z U
U U U

+ _
+

,
Dng 5: CNG SUT CA ON MCH R, L, C MC NI TIP
Bi 1in p hai u mt on mch l 120 2 cos 100
4
u t

_


,
(V), v cng dng
in qua mch l 3 2 cos 100
12
i t

_
+

,
(A). Tnh cng sut on mch.
Bi gii:
Ta c :
120 2
120
2 2
o
U
U (V)

2
o
I
I
3 2
3
2
(A)
lch pha:
4 12 3
u i

rad
Vy cng sut ca on mch l:
cos 120.3.cos 180
3
P UI

_


,
(W).
Bi 2Cho mch in nh hnh v. Cun dy thun cm, c L
= 0,159H. T in c in dung
4
10
C

F. in tr R =
50 . in p hai u on mch c biu thc 100 2 cos 2
AB
u ft (V). Tn s dng in
thay i. Tm f cng sut ca mch t cc i v tnh gi tr cc i .
Bi gii:
Cng sut ca mch:
2
2
cos
U
P UI R
Z

V U khng i, R khng i nn P
max
khi Z
min

Ta c
( )
2
2
L C
Z R Z Z +
, nn Z
min
khi Z
L
= Z
C
, tc l trong mch c cng
hng in:
2
1 LC

2 2
4 1 f LC
Tn s
4
1 1
70, 7
2
10
2 0,519.
f
LC

(Hz).
Cng sut cc i ca mch:

2 2 2 2
max 2 2
min
100
200
50
U U U
P R R
Z R R
(W).
Bi 3Cho mch nh trn hnh v ca bi 2. T in c in dung
4
10
C

F. in tr R =
100 . in p hai u on mch c biu thc
2 cos100 u U t
(V). Cun dy c t
cm L thay i. iu chnh L = L
o
th cng sut ca mch cc i v bng 484W.
a. Hy tnh L
o
v U.
b. Vit biu thc cng dng in trong mch.
Bi gii:
a. Ta c:
2
o
I
I , cos
R
Z

Suy ra cng sut ca mch:
2
2
cos
U
P UI R
Z

V U khng i, R khng i nn P
max
khi Z
min

Ta c
( )
2
2
L C
Z R Z Z +
, nn Z
min
khi Z
L
= Z
C
, tc l trong mch c cng hng in:
2
1
o
L C
( )
4 2
2
1 1 1
10
100 .
o
L
C

(H)
Cng sut cc i ca mch:
2
max
U
P
R

max
. 484.100 220 U P R (V)
b. V xy ra hin tng cng hng in nn i v u ng pha
i
= 0
Ta c:
220 2
3,11
100
o
o
U
I
R

(A)
Vy biu thc 3,11cos100 i t (A).
Bi 4:Cho mch in xoay chiu ni tip R, L, C. Cun dy c
1
L

H, t in c in dung C
thay i c. in p gia hai u on mch 200cos100 u t (V). Bit rng khi C =
0,159.10
-4
F th cng dng in i trong mch nhanh pha hn in p u gia hai u on
mch mt gc
4

.
a. Tm biu thc gi tr tc thi ca i.
b. Tm cng sut P trong mch. Khi cho in dung C tng dn th cng sut P thay i th no?
Bi gii:
a. Ta c:
1
100 . 100
L
Z L

( )

4
1 1
200
100 .0,159.10
C
Z
C


(V)
V u nhanh pha hn i mt gc
4

nn
4
i


0
4 4
u i

rad
tan tan
4
L C
Z Z
R

_


,

C L
R Z Z
200 100 100 R
Tng tr:
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
100 100 200 100 2
L C
Z R Z Z + +


200
2
100 2
o
o
U
I
Z
(A)
Vy biu thc 2 cos 100
4
i t

_
+

,
(A)
b. Cng sut P = RI
2
= 100.1
2
= 100W

2 2
2
2 2
2
.
1
L
U U R
P RI R
Z
R Z
C

_
+

,
o hm P theo C:
2
2
2
2
2
2 1
.
'
1
L
L
RU Z
C C
P
R Z
C

_


,

1
_
+
1

,
1
]


2
'
2
2 1
0 0
L
RU
P Z
C C
_


,

( )
4
2
2
1 1
0,318.10
1
.
100
C
L

F

2
max
200
U
P
R

W
Bng bin thin:
th P theo C:
Vy: khi C tng t 0 0,318.10
-4
F th P tng t 0 200W.
Khi C tng t 0,318.10
-4
F th P gim t 200W 100W.
Bi 5:Cho mch in nh hnh. in p 80cos100
AB
u t
(V), r = 15 ,
1
5
L

H.
a. iu chnh gi tr ca bin tr sao cho dng in hiu dng trong mch l 2A.
Tnh gi tr ca bin tr v in p hiu dng gia hai u cun dy.
b. iu chnh bin tr R:
- Tnh R cho cng sut tiu th trn mch cc i. Tnh P
max
.
- Tnh R cho cng sut tiu th trn R cc i. Tnh P
Rmax
.
Bi gii:
a. Cm khng:
1
100 . 20
5
L
Z L

80
2 2
o
U
U (V)
Tng tr
80
20 2
2 2
U
Z
I


( )
2
2
20 2
L
R r Z + +

( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
15 20 20 2 15 20 R R + + +
20 15 5 R
in p hiu dng hai u cun dy:
U
cun dy
= I.Z
cun dy
2 2 2 2
2 15 20 50
L
I r Z + +
(V)
b. Cng sut tiu th trn ton mch:

( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2
2 2
2
L
L
U R r U
P I R r
Z
R r Z
R r
R r
+
+
+ +
+ +
+
P
max
khi ( )
2
L
Z
R r
R r
1
+ +
1
+
]
min
p dng bt ng thc C-si vi hai s khng m:

( ) ( )
2 2
2
L L
Z Z
R r R r
R r R r
+ + +
+ +
(hng s)
Nn ( )
2
L
Z
R r
R r
1
+ +
1
+
]
min (du = xy ra) khi
2
L
Z
R r
R r
+
+
20 15 5
L L
R r Z R Z r +

( ) ( )
2 2
max
80
80
2 2.2. 5 15
U
P
R r

+ +
W
Cng sut tiu th trn R:
( )
2 2 2
2
2 2 2 2 2 2
2
. .
2
2
R
L L
L
U R U R U
P I R
r Z R Rr r Z
R r Z
R r
R

+ + + +
+ +
+ +
P
Rmax
khi
2 2
L
r Z
R
r
1 +
+
1
]
min
Tng t, p dng bt ng thc C-si vi hai s khng m:

2 2
L
r Z
R
R
+

2 2 2 2
15 20 25
L
R r Z + +

( )
max
2 2
80
40
2 2.2.(25 15)
R
U
P
R r

+ +
W
Dng 6: XC NH GI TR CC I CA IN P HIU DNG
KHI THAY I L, HOC C, HOC f.
6.1. Phng php gii chung:
Tm L U
Lmax
:
Phng php dng cng c o hm:
Lp biu thc di dng
( )
( )
2
2
2 2
2
1 1
2 1
L
L L
L C
C C
L L
UZ U U
U IZ
y
R Z Z
R Z Z
Z Z

+
+ +

U
Lmax
th y
min
.
Dng cng c o hm kho st trc tip hm s:
( )
2 2
2
1 1
2 1
C C
L L
y R Z Z
Z Z
+ +

Phng php dng tam thc bc hai:
Lp biu thc di dng

( )
( )
2
2
2 2
2
1 1
2 1
L
L L
L C
C C
L L
UZ U U
U IZ
y
R Z Z
R Z Z
Z Z

+
+ +
t
( )
2 2 2
2
1 1
2 1 1
C C
L L
y R Z Z ax bx
Z Z
+ + + +
Vi
1
L
x
Z

,
2 2
C
a R Z + , 2
C
b Z
( )
2 2 2 2
4 4 4
C C
Z R Z R +
U
Lmax
khi y
min
. Tam thc bc hai y t cc tiu khi
2
b
x
a

(v a > 0)
hay
2 2
C
L
C
R Z
Z
Z
+
,
2
min 2 2
4
C
R
y
a R Z

+
.
max
min
L
U
U
y

2 2
max
C
L
U R Z
U
R
+

Phng php gin Fre-nen:
I
r
C
U
uur
U
ur
L
U
uur
R
U
uur
1
U
uur

T gin Fre-nen, ta c:
R L C
U U U U + +
ur uur uur uur
t
1 R C
U U U +
uur uur uur
, vi
2 2
1 1 C
U IZ I R Z +
.
p dng nh l hm s sin, ta c:

sin
sin sin sin
L
L
U U U
U



V U khng i v
2 2
1
sin
R
C
U R
const
U
R Z

+
nn U
L
= U
Lmax
khi sin t cc i hay sin = 1.
Khi
2 2
max
C
L
U R Z
U
R
+

Khi
sin
= 1
2

, ta c:

2 2 2
1 1 1
1 1
cos
C C C
L
L L C C
U U Z Z Z R Z
Z
U U Z Z Z Z

+

Ch : Nu tm in p cc i hai u cun dy c in tr thun r th lp biu
thc
d
U
U
y

v dng o hm, lp bng bin thin tm y

min
, U
dmax
v gi tr ca
L.
Tm C U
Cmax
:
Lp biu thc di dng:

( )
( )
2
2
2 2
2
1 1
2 1
C
C C
L C
L L
C C
UZ U U
U IZ
y
R Z Z
R Z Z
Z Z

+
+ +
Tng t nh trn, dng ba phng php: o hm, tam thc bc hai, v
gin Fre-nen gii.
Ta c kt qu:
2 2
max
L
C
U R Z
U
R
+

v
2 2
L
C
L
R Z
Z
Z
+

Ch : Nu tm in p cc i hai u on mch nh gm R ni tip

C th lp biu thc
RC
U
U
y

v dng o hm, lp bng bin thin tm y

min
.
Xc nh gi tr cc i U
Lmax
, v U
Cmax
khi tn s f thay i:
Lp biu thc:
2
2
2
2 2 4 2 2
1 1 1
1
. 2 1
L
L L
UZ U U
U IZ
y
L
R
R L
L C C L
C

_
_
+ +
+

,
,
t
2 2
1
a
L C
,
2
2
2 1 L
b R
C L
_


,
, 1 c ,
2
1
x

2
y ax bx c + +
Lp biu thc:
2
2 2 4 2 2 2
2
2
1
1
C C
U U U
U IZ
y
L
L C C R
C R L
C
C

_
_
+ +
+

,
,
t
2 2
a L C
,
2 2
2L
b C R
C
_


,
, 1 c ,
2
x

2
y ax bx c + +
Dng tam thc bc hai ca n ph x tm gi tr cc tiu ca y, cui
cng c chung kt qu:

max max
2 2
2
4
L C
LU
U U
R LC R C

2
1 2
2
oL
L
C
R
C

,
2
2
1
2
oC
L
R
C
L

(vi iu kin
2
2
L
R
C
> )
Cc trng hp linh hot s dng cc cng thc hoc v gin Fre-nen
gii ton.
6.2. Bi tp v xc nh gi tr cc i U
max
khi thay i L, hoc C, hoc f.
Bi 1Cho mch in nh hnh v. in p gia hai u AB n
nh c biu thc 200cos100 u t (V). Cun dy thun
cm khng c t cm L thay i c, in tr R = 100 ,
t in c in dung
4
10
C

(F). Xc nh L sao cho in p

o c gia hai im M v B t gi tr cc i, tnh h s cng sut ca mch in khi .
Bi gii:
Cch 1: Phng php o hm
Dung khng:
4
1 1
100
10
100 .
C
Z
C

Ta c:
( )
( )
2
2
2 2
2
1 1
2 1
AB L AB AB
MB L
L C
C C
L L
U Z U U
U IZ
y
R Z Z
R Z Z
Z Z

+
+ +
t ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2 2
2
1 1
2 1 2 . 1
C C C C
L L
y R Z Z R Z x Z x
Z Z
+ + + +
(vi
1
L
x
Z

)
U
MBmax
khi y
min
.
Kho st hm s y:
Ta c: ( )
2 2
' 2 2
C C
y R Z x Z +
( )
2 2
2 2
' 0 2 2 0
C
C C
C
Z
y R Z x Z x
R Z
+
+
Bng bin thin:

y
min
khi
2 2
C
C
Z
x
R Z

+
hay
2 2
1
C
L C
Z
Z R Z

+

2 2 2 2
100 100
200
100
C
L
C
R Z
Z
Z
+ +


200 2
100
L
Z
L

H
H s cng sut:

( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
100 2
cos
2
100 200 100
L C
R
R Z Z

+ +
Cch 2: Phng php dng tam thc bc hai
Dung khng:
4
1 1
100
10
100 .
C
Z
C

Ta c:
( )
( )
2
2
2 2
2
1 1
2 1
AB L AB AB
MB L
L C
C C
L L
U Z U U
U IZ
y
R Z Z
R Z Z
Z Z

+
+ +
t ( )
2 2 2
2
1 1
2 1 1
C C
L L
y R Z Z ax bx
Z Z
+ + + +
Vi
1
L
x
Z

;
2 2
C
a R Z + ; 2
C
b Z
U
MBmax
khi y
min
V
2 2
C
a R Z + > 0 nn tam thc bc hai t cc tiu khi
2
b
x
a

hay
( )
2 2 2 2
1 2
2
C C
L C C
Z Z
Z R Z R Z

+ +


2 2 2 2
100 100
200
100
C
L
C
R Z
Z
Z
+ +


200 2
100
L
Z
L

H
H s cng sut:

( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
100 2
cos
2
100 200 100
L C
R
R Z Z

+ +
Cch 3: Phng php dng gin Fre-nen.
Dung khng:
4
1 1
100
10
100 .
C
Z
C

R C L
U U U U + +
ur uur uur uur
t
1 R C
U U U +
uur uur uur

Ta c:
1
100
tan 1
100
C C C
R
U IZ Z
U IR R


1
4

rad
V
1
2

+
1
2

2 4 4

rad
Xt tam gic OPQ v t
1
+ .
I
r
C
U
uur
U
ur
L
U
uur
R
U
uur
1
U
uur

O
P
Q
Theo nh l hm s sin, ta c:
sin sin
L
U U

sin
sin
L
U
U

V U v sin khng i nn U
Lmax
khi sin cc i hay sin = 1
2

V
1
+
1
2 4 4

rad.
H s cng sut:
2
cos cos
4 2

Mt khc, ta c: tan 1
L C
Z Z
R

100 100 200
L C
Z Z R + +

200 2
100
L
Z
L

H
Bi 2 Mch in nh hnh v. Cun dy thun cm c t cm
L = 0,318H, R = 100 , t C l t xoay. in p t vo hai u
on mch c biu thc
200 2 cos100 u t
(V).
a. Tm C in p gia hai u bn t t gi tr cc i, tnh gi tr cc i .
b. Tm C in p hai u MB t cc i, tnh gi tr cc i .
Bi gii:
a. Tnh C U
Cmax
.
Cm khng : 100 .0,318 100
L
Z L
Cch 1: Phng php o hm:
Ta c:
( )
( )
2
2
2 2
2
1 1
2 1
C
C C
L C
L L
C C
UZ U U
U IZ
y
R Z Z
R Z Z
Z Z

+
+ +
t ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2 2
2
1 1
2 1 2 . 1
L L L L
C C
y R Z Z R Z x x Z
Z Z
+ + + +
(vi
1
C
x
Z

)
U
Cmax
khi y
min
.
Kho st hm s: ( )
2 2 2
2 . 1
L L
y R Z x x Z + +
( )
2 2
' 2 2
L L
y R Z x Z +

' 0 y

( )
2 2
2 2 0
L L
R Z x Z +
2 2
L
L
Z
x
R Z

+

Bng bin thin:

y
min
khi
2 2
L
L
Z
x
R Z

+
hay
2 2
1
L
C L
Z
Z R Z

+

2 2 2 2
100 100
200
100
L
C
L
R Z
Z
Z
+ +


5
1 1 5.10
100 .200
C
C
Z

F

2 2 2 2
max
200 100 100
200 2
100
L
C
U R Z
U
R
+ +

(V)
Cch 2: Phng php dng tam thc bc hai.
Ta c:
( )
( )
2
2
2 2
2
1 1
2 1
C
C C
L C
L L
C C
UZ U U
U IZ
y
R Z Z
R Z Z
Z Z

+
+ +
t ( )
2 2 2
2
1 1
2 1 1
L L
C C
y R Z Z ax bx
Z Z
+ + + +
(vi
1
C
x
Z

;
2 2
L
a R Z + ; 2
L
b Z )
U
Cmax
khi y
min
. V hm s y c h s gc a > 0, nn y t cc tiu khi

2
b
x
a
hay
2 2
1
L
C L
Z
Z R Z

+

2 2 2 2
100 100
200
100
L
C
L
R Z
Z
Z
+ +


4
1 1 10
100 .200 2
C
C
Z

(F).
2 2 2 2
max
200 100 100
200 2
100
L
C
U R Z
U
R
+ +

V
Cch 3: Phng php dng gin Fre-nen.
Ta c:
L R C
U U U U + +
ur uur uur uur
p dng nh l hm s sin, ta c:

sin sin
C
U U

sin
sin
C
U
U

I
r
C
U
uur
1
U
uur
L
U
uur
R
U
uur
U
ur

O
P
Q
V U v
2 2
1
sin
R
L
U R
U
R Z

+
khng i nn U
Cmax
khi sin cc i hay sin = 1.
Khi sin 1
2

1 1
1 1
cos
L L
C C
U U Z Z
U U Z Z

2 2 2 2 2
1
100 100
200
100
L
C
L L
Z R Z
Z
Z Z
+ +

5
1 1 5.10
100 .200
C
C
Z

F

2 2 2 2
max
200 100 100
200 2
100
L
C
U R Z
U
R
+ +

(V)
b. Tm C U
Mbmax
. U
MBmax
= ?
Lp biu thc:
2 2 2 2
2 2
2 2
1
MB
MB MB
L L C C L L C
C
UZ U U
U IZ
y
R Z Z Z Z Z Z Z
R Z

+ +
+
+
t
2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2
1 1
L L C L L
C
Z Z Z Z Z x
y
R Z R x

+ +
+ +
(vi x = Z
C
)
U
MBmax
khi y
min
.
Kho st hm s y:
( )
( )
2 2
2
2 2
2 .
'
L L
Z x x Z R
y
R x

+

2 2
' 0 0
L
y x xZ R (*)
Gii phng trnh (*)
2 2
4
2
L L
C
Z Z R
x Z
+ +

(x ly gi tr dng).

( )
2 2 2
100 100 4.100
50 1 5 162
2
C
Z
+ +
+

Lp bng bin thin:

in dung
4
1 1
0,197.10
100 .162
C
C
Z

F
Thay
2 2
4
2
L L
C
Z Z R
x Z
+ +

vo biu thc y
( )
2 2
min 2
2 2 2 2
2 2
4 4
4 2 2 4
4 L L L
L L
R R
y
R Z Z Z R
Z R Z

+ + +
+ +
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
max
min
4 200 100 100 4.100
324
2 2.100
L L
MB
U Z Z R
U
U
R y
+ + + +

(V)
Bi 3Cho mch in xoay chiu nh hnh v. t vo hai u on
mch AB mt in p 100 3cos
AB
u t (V) (

thay i c).
Khi
1
th U
R
= 100V ; 50 2
C
U V ; P =
50 6
W. Cho
1
L

H v U
L
> U
C
. Tnh U
L
v chng t l gi tr cc i ca U
L
.
Bi gii:
Ta c:
( )
2
2 2
R L C
U U U U +
Thay cc gi tr ca U, U
R
, U
C
ta c:
( ) ( )
2 2
2
50 6 100 50 2 100 2
L L
U U + (V)
Cng sut tiu th ton mch:
cos P UI UI (v 0 )
50 6
1
50 6
P
I
U
A

100
100
1
R
U
R
I


100 2
100 2
1
L
L
U
Z
I


1
100 2
100 2
1
L
Z
L

rad/s

50 2
50 2
1
C
C
U
Z
I

4
1
1 1 10
100 2.50 2
C
C
Z

F
Ta c:

2
2
2
2 2 4 2 2
1 1
1
2 1
L L
U L U U
U IZ
y
L
R
R L
L C C L
C

_
_
+ +
+

,
,
t
2 2
2 2 4 2 2
1 1
2 1 1
L
y R ax bx
L C C L
_
+ + + +

,
Vi
2
1
x

;
2 2
1
a
L C
;
2
2
1
2
L
b R
C L
_


,
U
Lmax
khi y
min
. Tam thc bc hai y t cc tiu khi
2
b
x
a
(v a > 0).

2 4
4 3
1 4
4 b ac R
L L C
_


,
( )
2
2 2
min 2
4
4 4
R
y LC R C
a L

max
2 2 2
4 4
min
2
1
2.50 6.
2
4
1 10 10
100 4. . .100
L
U UL
U
y
R LC C R

,

100 2
(V)
Vy
max
100 2
L L
U U (V).
Su Tm v bin son chc cc bn thnh cng