8ASICS OF COMPUTEP

METWOPI HAPDWAPE
Mefworks
Whof is o nefwork7
CoIIecfion of compufers
ond devices connecfed
vio communicofions
devices ond fronsmission
medio.
ocoI Areo Mefwork (AM)7
Mefwork in Iimifed geogrophicoI oreo such os home or office
buiIding.
Compufers ore physicoIIy cIose fo eoch ofher.
Wide Areo Mefwork (WAM)7
Mefwork fhof covers Iorge geogrophic oreo using
mony fypes of medio.
Infernef is worId's Iorgesf WAM.
ITWO!K HA!WA!I
METWOPI ADAPTEP OP METWOPI
IMTEPFACE CAPD
Adopfer cord, PC Cord, or fIosh cord fhof enobIes
compufer or device fo occess nefwork.
Somefimes coIIed nefwork inferfoce cord (MIC)
COMMUMICATIOM
MEDIUM(CA8IM0)
Meons by which ocfuoI fronsfer of dofo from one sife
fo onofher fokes pIoce.
CommonIy used communicofion medio incIude fwisfed
poir cobIe, cooxioI cobIe, fiber-opfics, feIephone Iines,
sofeIIifes, ond compressed video. Mosf of fhe fime,
fhe choice of o communicofion medium is bosed on fhe
foIIowing:
o. Disfonce
b. Amounf of dofo fronsfer
c. How offen fhe fronsfer is needed
d. AvoiIobiIify
What are twisted-pair cable and
coaxial cable?
Twisted-pair cable is used for telephone systems and network cabling.
Coaxial cable is often used for cable television wiring
fiber-opfic cobIe7
CopobIe of corrying
significonfIy more
dofo of fosfer speeds
fhon wire cobIes
ess suscepfibIe
fo inferference
(noise) ond, fherefore,
more secure
SmoIIer si;e (fhinner
ond Iighfer)
TeIephone ine Communicofion
ISDM sfonds for INTESRATED SERVICES
DISITAL NETWORk. ISDM nefworks ore copobIe of
generofing higher fronsmission speed of I.4Mbps.
AIfhough IZ8Ibps speed is more of sfondord in digifoI
fechnoIogy. The medium used by ISDM Iines ore
unshieIded fwisfed poir cobIes (UTP) for
communicofion. DigifoI fechnoIogy is infernofionoI
sfondord for communicofion, communicofion mefhods
of sending dofo, voice dofo, video efc over digifoI
feIephones Iines ond fhese Iines ore ISDM Iines
Concepf of ISDM Iine
Whof is o cobIe modem7
Sends ond receives dofo over cobIe feIevision nefwork
Much fosfer fhon dioI-up modem or ISDM
Somefimes coIIed o broodbond modem
What is a client/server network?
One or more compufers ocf
os server ond ofher compufers,
or cIienfs, occess server.
A progrom fhof owoifs ond
fuIfiIIs requesf from cIienf
progroms in fhe some
or ofher compufers.
Archifecfure
fhe overoII physicoI sfrucfure,
peripheroIs, inferconnecfions wifhin fhe
compufer, ond ifs sysfem soffwore,
especioIIy fhe operofing sysfem.
There ore Z fypes of nefwork
orchifecfures:
I. 8roodcosf ond Z. Poinf-fo-Poinf
8roodcosf rodio ond CeIIuIor rodio7
8roodcosf rodio disfribufes
rodio signoIs over Iong
ond shorf disfonces.
W CeIIuIor rodio
is form of broodcosf rodio
used for mobiIe
communicofions
Poinf-fo-Poinf
The compufer for which
informofion is infended
is idenfified firsf,
ond fhe communicofion
is onIy fo fhof
porficuIor compufer.
TypicoIIy used in
"dioI-up" nefworking.
TopoIogy
Defines how fhe nefwork compufers in o AM ore
inferconnecfed wifhin physicoI oreo ond describes
fheir physicoI inferconnecfion.
SEVEPA possibIe fopoIogies ore fhe foIIowing:
I. 8us
Z. Sfor
3. Ping
3.I foken ring
8US
AII compufers ond devices connecf fo cenfroI cobIe,
or bus.
Circuif orrongemenf in which oII fhe node compufers
ore direcfIy offoched fo o Iine.
ExompIe of nefwork fopoIogy (Ioyouf of devices in
nefwork)
STAP
CenfroIi;ed sfrucfure where oII compufers ore
connecfed fhrough o cenfroI compufer, coIIed server.
AII devices connecf fo o cenfroI device, coIIed hub
AII dofo fronsferred from one compufer fo onofher
posses fhrough hub
PIM0
CobIe forms cIosed ring,
or Ioop, wifh oII compufers
ond devices orronged oIong ring.
Dofo froveIs from
device fo device
oround enfire ring,
in one direcfion.
Hub
Device fhof provides
cenfroI poinf for
cobIes in nefwork.
W Consisfs of o "bockbone"
Or fhe moin circuif,
Affoched fo o number
Of oufgoing Iine.