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Cl kALAn 1u88lnL
Culded 8y
vP CPAuuPA8l
repared 8y
Ashlsh CupLa
100070709008
1he kaplan Lurblne ls a propellerLype waLer Lurblne LhaL
has ad[usLable blades lL was developed ln 1913 by Lhe
AusLrlan professor vlkLor kaplan
1he kaplan Lurblne was an evoluLlon of Lhe lrancls
Lurblne lLs lnvenLlon allowed efflclenL power producLlon
ln low head appllcaLlons LhaL was noL posslble wlLh
lrancls Lurblnes
kaplan Lurblnes are now wldely used LhroughouL Lhe
world ln hlghflow lowhead power producLlon
1he kaplan Lurblne ls an lnward flow reacLlon Lurblne
whlch means LhaL Lhe worklng fluld changes pressure as
lL moves Lhrough Lhe Lurblne and glves up lLs energy
1he deslgn comblnes radlal and axlal feaLures
1he lnleL ls a scrollshaped Lube LhaL wraps
around Lhe Lurblnes wlckeL gaLe WaLer ls
dlrecLed LangenLlally Lhrough Lhe wlckeL gaLe
and splrals on Lo a propeller shaped runner
causlng lL Lo spln
1he ouLleL ls a speclally shaped drafL Lube LhaL
helps deceleraLe Lhe waLer and recover klneLlc
energy
Advantage
1he Lurblne does noL need Lo be aL Lhe
lowesL polnL of waLer flow as long as Lhe
drafL Lube remalns full of waLer A hlgher
Lurblne locaLlon however lncreases Lhe
sucLlon LhaL ls lmparLed on Lhe Lurblne
blades by Lhe drafL Lube 1he resulLlng
pressure drop may lead Lo cavlLaLlon
App||cat|ons
kaplan Lurblnes are wldely used LhroughouL Lhe world for
elecLrlcal power producLlon 1hey cover Lhe lowesL head
hydro slLes and are especlally sulLed for hlgh flow
condlLlons
lnexpenslve mlcro Lurblnes are manufacLured for lndlvldual
power producLlon wlLh as llLLle as Lwo feeL of head
Large kaplan Lurblnes are lndlvldually deslgned for each
slLe Lo operaLe aL Lhe hlghesL posslble efflclency Lyplcally
over 90 1hey are very expenslve Lo deslgn manufacLure
and lnsLall buL operaLe for decades
varlable geomeLry of Lhe wlckeL gaLe
and Lurblne blades allow efflclenL
operaLlon for a range of flow
condlLlons