PHYS 11A, Fall 2009 General Physics: Mechanics

Formula sheet

This is the complete formula sheet that will be provided to you during the nal exam. No other material, outside of a calculator, is allowed during the exam. Important: The nal exam for the class will take place on Tuesday, December 15 from 12:45pm to 2:45pm in Tahoe Hall 1007. x = x2 x1 v = limt0 Constant a:
x t

vavg = =
dx dt

x t

savg = aavg = x x0 = 1 (v + v0 )t 2 x x0 = vt 1 at2 2 a= a2 + a2 x y

v t

distance t

s = |v|

a=

dv dt

d2 x dt2

x = x0 + v0 t + 1 at2 2 v = v0 + at 2 v 2 = v0 + 2a(x x0 ) ay = a sin

Free fall: g = 9.80 m/s2

2D: ax = a cos 3D:

tan = ay /ax tan = a2 + a2 /az x y

ax = a sin() cos() ay = a sin() sin() az = a cos() a = ax + ay + az k |a b| = a b sin r = x + y + z k vavg = aavg =

r t v t v2 v1 t

a=

a2 + a2 + a2 x y z

tan = ay /ax a b = a b cos = ax bx + ay by + az bz a b = (ay bz az by ) (ax bz az bx ) + (ax by ay bx ) k

r = r2 r1 = (x2 x1 ) + (y2 y1 ) + (z2 z1 ) = x + y + z k k k k v = dr = dx + dy + dz vx + vy + vz a=

dt dv dt

dt dt dt dvy dvx k + dt + dvz dt dt

ax + ay + az k vy = v0 sin 0 gt
2 vy = (v0 sin 0 )2 2g(y y0 ) 2 v0 R= sin(20 ) g F = mv 2 /R

Projectile:

x x0 = (v0 cos 0 )t y y0 = (v0 sin 0 )t 1 gt2 2 g(x x0 )2 y y0 = (tan 0 )(x x0 ) 2(v0 cos 0 )2 a = v 2 /R T = 2R/v vP A = vP B + vBA 1 N = 1 kgm/s2 f k = k F N Fg = mg
1 D = 2 CAv 2

UCM:

Relative motion: Fnet = ma fs,max = s FN

aP A = aP B , for vBA = const. FAB = FBA vt =

2Fg CA

1 /2

PHYS 11A, Fall 2009 General Physics: Mechanics 1 Kinetic energy: K = mv 2 2 Work: W = F d = F d cos()
xf yf

Formula sheet Joule: 1 J = 1 kgm2 /s2 (constant force)

zf

W =
xi

Fx dx +
yi

Fy dy +
zi

Fz dz

(variable force) Ws = 1 kx2 1 kx2 i f 2 2

Work-Kinetic energy theorem: K = Kf Ki = W Gravitation: Wg = mgd cos() Spring: Fs = kx, Power: Pavg = W/t, P =
dW dt

= F v cos() = F v
xf

Watt: 1 W = 1 Js = 1 kgm2 /s F (x) = dU (x) dx

Potential energy: U = W =
xi

F (x)dx

Gravitation: Ug = mgy, or Ug = mgy if Ug = 0 at y = 0

1 Elastic: Us = 2 kx2 1 kx2 , or Us = 1 kx2 if Us = 0 at x = 0 i f 2 2

Mechanical energy: Emec = K + U Isolated system + conservative forces: Emec = 0, or K1 + U1 = K2 + U2 Work on system: W = Emec + Eth (+Eint ) Eth = fk d Center of mass: components: rCM = xCM =
1 M 1 M j j 1 M

mj rj mj xj , xdm

M= yCM = xCM = Fnet =

ext Fnet = 1 M 1 V dp dt dP dt

mj
j

ext Newton: Fnet = M aCM

mj y j ,

zCM =

1 M

mj zj

Continuous body:

xCM =

xdV

(if density is constant) (particle) (system of particles)

Linear momentum: p = mv, P = M vCM , Collision: p1i + p2i = p1f + p2f Elastic collision: = s/r avg =
t

P = constant, or Pi = Pf (for closed, isolated system) or + m1 v1i + m2 v2i = m1 v1f + m2 v2f v2f =
2m1 v m1 +m2 1i

(one dimension.)

v1f =

m1 m2 v m1 +m2 1i

2m2 v , m1 +m2 2i

m2 m1 v m1 +m2 2i

= 2 1 = = 0 + =
2 2 0 d dt 0 t + 1 t2 2

(1 rev = 360 = 2 rad) avg = 0 = 1 ( + 0 )t 2

1 0 = t 2 t2 t

d dt

d2 dt2

Constant :

= 0 + t + 2( 0 )
j 2 mj rj

s = r v = r at = r ar = v 2 /r = 2 r (body) I = ICM + M h2 net = I (constant torque)

Moment of inertia: I = Kinetic energy of rotation: Torque: Work: =rF W =

f i

(particles)

I=

r2 dm

K = 1 I 2 2

Parallel-axis theorem: W = (f i )

or = rFt = r F = rF sin (variable torque)

1 2 2 K = Kf Ki = 1 If 2 Ii = W 2

Newton:

Work-kinetic-energy:

2 /2