Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Introduction 300H alloys not difficult to weld. Control of consumable composition. Consumable selection.
Introduction Alloys to be covered. Effect of alloying elements. Data from Metrode and other published sources.
Weld metals
308H 347H
AWS 308H, BS EN 19 9 H AWS 347, BS EN 19 9 Nb AWS 16.8.2 BS 17.8.2 AWS 316H, BS EN 19 12 3 H
Carbon
Rupture elongation
100
Rupture elongation, %
10
316H+ER316H 316L+ER316L
Sigma
10 hours 1. 308H 2. 308L
Ferrite
Ferrite Code requirements. Required to prevent hot cracking. Need to restrict to control embrittlement.
ASME:
ASME III requires 5-15FN. 53-10FN >427C. No restriction for 16.8.2.
Ageing of 308H
140 120 Impact Energy, J 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 2500 5000 7500 10000 Ageing Time (593C), hours
Impact energy, J
Chromium
Ageing of 308H
120 Impact Energy, J 100 80 60 40 20 0 1
18.4%Cr 18.9%Cr 19.5%Cr
Bismuth
< 20ppm
10
100
1000
Bismuth Applicable to FCAW. Not good for high temperature service. OK for L grade wires.
Bismuth
FCC components operating at 680680750C exhibited cracks. It has been shown that bismuth has a detrimental effect on:
Hot tensile and stress rupture ductility above about 650C. Restrained cracking susceptibility at temperatures down to 550C.
Bi = 200ppm
Cracked
850
Temperature (C)
Not cracked
1 0
2 1
3 10
4 100
Cracking is believed to result from bismuth or bismuth oxide films forming at grain boundaries.
Molybdenum
Japanese specifications:
10 ppm maximum.
Molybdenum High:
Will promote embrittlement. Catastrophic oxidation.
Rupture elongation, %
10
308H 316H
None:
Lower rupture ductility. Effect on corrosion.
Boron
Rupture ductility
100
Rupture reduction of area, %
~ 25ppm
10
308H SC308H
1 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
Larson Miller Parameter
Niobium
650
700
750
800
850
Temperature, oC
816oC
40
80
347H
10
308H 347H 347H BM 304H BM
308H
0 20 20 40 60 60 80
Rupture elongation, %
10
316H 318H
Summary Many elements affect high temperature properties. Experience is required to make welding consumables. Strongest not necessarily best. Take all factors into account.
Graham Holloway
In Conjunction With: PT Alfa Metalindo Indonesia IWS Komunitas MIGAS Indonesia