T ng ho thit b in

GV: Nguyn V Thanh 1

Chc nng, yu cu, mc tiu t ng iu khin
TB
Cu trc ca h t ng ho
Cc k hiu in
Cch th hin s nguyn l, lp rp v nguyn
tc lp t.
Phn tch v tng hp h thng
Cc nguyn tc c bn khi thit k
Mt s s mch in hnh
Chng 1: Cc nguyn tc xy
dng h thng t ng iu khin.
CHC NANG CUA MACH TU NG
Thng tin - giao tip (HMI).
Giao tip gia ngi v my.
Cc thit b giao tip, hin th:
Nt nhn, cng tc, chuyn mch, khng ch ch huy...
Bn phm
Mn hnh iu khin, gim st
Hin th bng LED, ci, mn hnh tinh th lng LCD
X l tn hiu.
Tip nhn cc tn hiu iu khin, tin hnh tnh ton,
a ra cc lnh vn hnh.
T ng ho thit b in
GV: Nguyn V Thanh 2
iu khin nng lng.
Thc hin cc bin i tnh.
Chnh lu
Bm p mt chiu
iu p xoay chiu
Bin tn
Thc hin bin i h c in
iu khin tc ng c.
iu khin thng s theo yu cu cng
ngh.
T ng khi ng, hm, o chiu.
T ng t v gia tc cho ng c.
Kim sot tn hiu a vo h thng (h tu ng).
T ng iu khin theo chng trnh t trc
T ng iu khin dy chuyn cng ngh.
n nh thng s.
Cc thng s ca h thng nh in p, dng in,
nhit , cng sut... c th b thay i trong qu trnh
iu khin. Khi cc thng s ny thay i c th s nh
hng n cng ngh, do vy cn thit k h iu khin
n nh chng.
T ng ho thit b in
GV: Nguyn V Thanh 3
YU CU CUA MACH TU NG
Yu cu v k thut
p ng ch lm vic ca thit b in.
m bo cc sai s tnh v ng ca h iu khin.
m bo tc ng nhanh v chnh xc.
C ch tiu nng lng cao (hiu sut, cos).
Ph hp vi iu kin mi trng.
iu khin n gin, hot ng tin cy
Ti thiu ho s lng cc thit b iu khin.
Cc thit b ng lc phi c tnh lp ln.
Cc thit b iu khin c s ng nht ho.
Ti thiu cc thao tc iu khin i vi ngi vn hnh.
Linh hot v thun tin khi iu khin
Linh hot trong chuyn i cc ch lm vic.
B tr hp l cc thit b iu khin.
T ng ho thit b in
GV: Nguyn V Thanh 4
D dng pht hin v kim tra s c
y l mt yu cu cn thit i vi mt h thng iu
khin.
Trong mt h thng iu khin phc tp, thng chia ra
thnh nhiu nhm chc nng, mi nhm chc nng u
c thit k cc tn hiu gim st v bo s c (bo
li).
Linh hot v thun tin khi iu khin
Linh hot trong chuyn i cc ch lm vic.
B tr hp l cc thit b iu khin.
Tc ng chnh xc iu kin bnh thng v s
c.
Cn m bo tt s vn hnh bnh thng ca h iu khin.
Cn c cc mch bo v h thng khi xy ra s c, trnh v
ton b h thng.
Cn khc phc cc mch gi trong khi vn hnh xy ra s c.
Thun tin cho lp t, sa cha, vn hnh
i vi cc h thng iu khin phc tp, cn chia nh thnh cc
mdule. Cc mdule ny phi c kt ni vi nhau d dng.
Cc mdule cn c cc k hiu u dy, hoc cu u, gic cm
c bit.
Khi thit k h thng cn tnh n kh nng m rng, do
khng gian thit k lp t phi thun li.
T ng ho thit b in
GV: Nguyn V Thanh 5
Cc thit b iu khin hoc mdule iu khin cn c
tnh nng lp ln, d dng tho ri trong trng hp cn
bo dng ti cc trung tm sa cha.
Kch thc, gi thnh phi hp l.
Kch thc thit k cn ph hp vi khng gian lp t.
Gim thiu cc chi tit b phn khng cn thit.
Tn dng nhng thit b, chi tit ph hp vi yu cu
iu khin gim gi thnh nhng vn p ng c
ch tiu cht lng.
An ton trong thit k v vn hnh.
Yu t an ton lun c cp n trong qu trnh
thit k h thng.
Lun c cc thit b phng chng chy n cho cc thit
b ng lc, cc van bn dn cng sut.
Cc thit b iu khin cn c cc mch chng nhiu v
tuyn, nhiu in t trong mi trng cng nghip.
Cc quy phm v an ton trong s dng khai thc thit
b in, thit b iu khin cn c xt ti khi thit k
lp t h thng.
T ng ho thit b in
GV: Nguyn V Thanh 6
MUC TU CUA MACH TU NG
Gim gi thnh sn phm.
Nng cao cht lng sn phm.
Tng nng sut, i mi sn phm.
Tc ng ln nhiu khu ca dy chuyn
sn xut.
Tc ng ln nhiu phng n sn xut.
Nng cao kh nng pht trin sn xut.
CU TRC CUA H TU NG HO
Cu trc tng qut:
PHn K
tmt
lp trnh
Thit b in
T
h

n
g
t
i
n

v

o
C

u
k
h
i

n
PHn t
My sn xut

n
g
c

,

t
h
i

t
b

b
i

i
.
.
.
C

m
b
i

n
Lnh
T ng ho thit b in
GV: Nguyn V Thanh 7
K HU N
C cu iu khin
Kh c ng ct
My in mt chiu
Lin h c kh
My in xoay chiu
m thanh
Kh c n cc
Cun ht
Cu ch
My bin p
TH HN SO NGUYN L
Th hin bng nt v m (ng lc) nht
(iu khin)
K hiu trn bn v
B tr linh kin, thit b trn bn v
nh s u dy
T ng ho thit b in
GV: Nguyn V Thanh 8
Th hin bng nt v
Th hin s mch in bng nt v
a) s ng lc, b) s mch iu khin
Rd Rd
K
a)
M3
3
b)
M
D K
Rd Rd
K
Th hin bng k hiu
V d: Rle: R1, Cu dao: CD1
ptmt: AT1, Cu ch: CC1
Cngtct thun: T Cngtct ngc: N
S th t mi ni hoc nt: 1, 2, 3, 4...
B tr linh kin thit b trn bn v
Phn ct trn bn v, cc thit b thng c b tr
theo ct.
Cc thit b thng c v theo nhm chc nng, v d
nhm cc rle, nhm cc cngtct, nhm cc ptmt
i vi cc tp bn v, thng c nh s trang, mi
lin h v in gia cc trang phi c k hiu r rng,
v d: 12/6 trang 12, ct 6
T ng ho thit b in
GV: Nguyn V Thanh 9
nh s u dy
To thun li khi c bn v, v khi to bn v lp rp
V d: A1, B2, C3 hoc 405, 354...
Cc s ging nhau, phi l cc im ng th
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
12/6
K
K K
11/5
10/6
7/4
TH HN SO LP RP
Phn chia khu vc lp rp, nhm cc thit
cng mt khu vc (cng mt t in).
Lp bng ni dy gia cc khu vc (nhm
thit b).
To lp s ni dy gia cc khu vc.
Ni dy tng khu vc (nhm thit b).
T ng ho thit b in
GV: Nguyn V Thanh 10
V d:
M3
3
Ap
K
Rn
X1
X2
K1
K2
r1
r2
Rn1
Rt2
Rn1
7
6
4
3 2
Rt2
Rt1
K2
Rt2
K1
Rt1
Rn
K
K
M
D
CC1 X3
X4
1 5
8

S lp rp khu vc ng lc
3
3
4
2
5
4
1
X3
X3 X4
X2 X1
6
4
4
7
r1 r2
Rn
K
Ap
2 3 4 5
K
n stato C
K1
K2
K2
K1
7 6 4
n rto C
1 X4 C B A
L3
L2
L1
X2
X1
a b c
T ng ho thit b in
GV: Nguyn V Thanh 11
khu vc rle
4 3 1 2
D
M

1 2 2 3
3 4
3 3
3
3
6
6
7
8
8 X4
5
Rt1 Rt2 Rn1
4 3 5 6 7 X4
khu vc iu khin
CC NGUYN TC LP AT
B tr thit b
Theo nguyn tc trng lng
Theo nguyn tc pht nhit
Theo nguyn tc chc nng
Theo h linh kin
Theo chc nng phc v ca nhm linh kin
T ng ho thit b in
GV: Nguyn V Thanh 12
Dy ng lc v iu khin
Dy dn phi m bo c mc an ton khi vn
hnh.
Chu c dng in I
m
ca ph ti.
Chu c bn c.
Mu sc dy ph hp vi yu cu.
Dy ng lc c th l thanh ci, hoc cp in. Cc
u ni cn c u ct (hoc kp cp kiu ln sng).
Dy iu khin thng l dy ng mm gm nhiu si
nh, c v bc cch in.
Cc u ct ni dy cn c nh s theo bn v
nguyn l, cc s ny thng c in trn cc ghen
nha.
Trong mt s trng hp c bit cn chng chy, dy
dn thng c bc nha c bit, lm chm qu trnh
chy, c c tnh ngn chn s pht trin ca la, hn
ch khi v cc cht kh gy n mn v c hi.
B tr dy trong t in
Thng c i theo hai chiu nm ngang hoc thng
ng.
Cc nhm dy cng chc nng thng c b bng
dy rt nha mm, mu en hoc trng.
Cc dy dn trong t in cn c t trong mng dy
c s rnh hoc ng i dy.
Cc dy dn i ra thnh t hoc ca t, cn c vng
thch hp v c cun gn gng.
T ng ho thit b in
GV: Nguyn V Thanh 13
Ni dy gia bng mch v ni ra ngoi
Ni dy gia cc bng mch trong t in thng s
dng cu u kt hp vi cc gic cm.
Ni dy gia cc bo mch iu khin thng s dng
gic cm tn hiu, c th di dng si ri, c th di
dng cp tn hiu.
ni dy ra ngoi, thng dng cu u hoc ni trc
tip ln thanh ci. Cc cu u ny thng c b tr
gn ch cho dy ra hoc cho dy vo.
Khi c nhiu t ni vi nhau, th cc dy ra v vo phi
c b tr ni tip nhau, trnh i dy lng vng.
B tr bo mch iu khin
Cc bo mch in phi c lp trn khung g cch in
vi t.
Cc bo mch in c th c nha trong c nh
linh kin v c nh vo khung g.
Do s lng dy iu khin nhiu, nn ta cn c bin
php phn bit, trnh nhm ln khi thay th.
V tr lp t cc bo mch iu khin phi v tr thun
li, d dng hiu chnh v thay th.
T ng ho thit b in
GV: Nguyn V Thanh 14
PHN TCH V TNG HOP
H THNG U KHN
Nm r c yu cu ca i tng cn
iu khin t ng.
Nm r c tng khu trong h thng
iu khin.
Trn c s la chn phng php iu
khin, tin hnh kho st ch ng v
ch tnh.
CC NGUYN TC CO BAN KH
THT K H TU NG
Trong iu khin t ng truyn ng in
Trong iu khin cc qu trnh tun t
Trong iu khin cc qu trnh lin tc
T ng ho thit b in
GV: Nguyn V Thanh 15
TRONG U KHN TU NG
TRUYN NG N
Trong iu khin t ng truyn ng in thng xy ra cc qu
trnh khi ng, hm v o chiu quay. lm c iu ny,
c th da vo bn nguyn tc sau:
Nguyn tc thi gian
Nguyn tc tc
Nguyn tc dng in
Nguyn tc hnh trnh
n
I
t
c
1
t
t
2
1
I I
2 c
I

0
c

3
3
t
Nguyn tc thi gian
Khi khi ng ng ton b in tr m my, ri da vo cc
mc thi gian t
1
, t
2
v t
3
ct tng cp in tr.
Nguyn tc tc
Khi khi ng ng ton b in tr m my, ri da vo cc
mc tc
1
,
2
v
3
ct tng cp in tr.
Nguyn tc dng in
Khi khi ng ng ton b in tr m my, ri da vo vic
gim dng in khi ng n I
2
ct tng cp in tr.
Nguyn tc hnh trnh
L nguyn tc iu khin t ng da trn hnh trnh chuyn
ng ca h truyn ng in.
T ng ho thit b in
GV: Nguyn V Thanh 16
U KHN CC QU TRNH
TUN TU
Da vo bi ton cng ngh, phn tch yu
cu iu khin.
S dng cc cng c phn tch nh mng
Grafcet (SFC) cho cc bi ton tun t.
Chuyn i sang cc mch iu khin s
dng linh kin ri, hoc cc thit b lp
chng trnh, nh: vi iu khin, PLC,
LOGO!
U KHN CC QU TRNH
LN TUC
Xc nh, nm chc c im v m hnh
ho i tng iu khin.
Xc nh yu cu v cht lng iu chnh,
mc sai s, qu iu chnh...
La chn phng php iu khin v b
iu khin ph hp.
Tin hnh th nghim v kim tra ch
tnh v ch ng.
T ng ho thit b in
GV: Nguyn V Thanh 17
MT S SO MACH N HNH
Mch bo v khng.
Mch bo v qu dng in cc i.
Mch bo v qu dng in cc tiu.
Mch bo v qu ti.
Mch bo v hnh trnh.
Mch bo v qu trnh khi ng.
Mch lin ng in v lin ng c.
Mch phanh hm in t
K
K
M
D
Mch bo v khng.
Mch bo v qu dng in cc i.
b)
M
D K
Rd Rd
K
Rd Rd
K
a)
M3
3
T ng ho thit b in
GV: Nguyn V Thanh 18
Mch bo v qu dng in cc tiu.
9 8
K
K
M
D
M
CD
CC1 CC2
K
r3 r2 r1
K
K1 K2 K3 K3
K2
K1
KT
1
2 3
4 5 6
7
Rd
Rd
Mch bo v qu ti
K1
K2
r1
r2
M3
3
CC1
Ap
K
Rn
D
M
K
K
Rn
Rt1
K1
Rt2
K2
Rt1
Rt2
CC2
X1
X2
1 2
3
4
6
5
T ng ho thit b in
GV: Nguyn V Thanh 19
Mch bo v hnh trnh
7
5 3 2
X2
X1
CC2
Rn
T
T
MT
D
Rn
T
Ap
CC1
3
M3
N
HCT
MN
N
HCN
N
1 4
6
HCT HCN
Xe chy
Mch bo v qu trnh khi ng
M3
3
CC1
Ap
K
Rn
D
M
K
K
Rn
Rt1
K1
Rt2
K2
Rt1
Rt2
CC2
X1
X2
1 2
3
4
6
5
K1
K2
r1
r2
Rn1
Rt2
Rn1
T ng ho thit b in
GV: Nguyn V Thanh 20
Mch lin ng in v lin ng c
9
4 1
N
T
N
MN
N
N
M3
3
CC1
Ap
T
Rn
D
MT
T
T
Rn
CC2
X1
X2
2 3 7
12
HCT
HCN
5 6
8
10 11
HCT HCN
A B
xe hng
Mch phanh hm in t
7
5 3 2
X2
X1
CC2
Rn
Ph
Ph
MPh
D
Rn
Ph
Ap
CC1
3
M3
MN
K
Ph
K
1 4
6
K