kmaq-lnI hnI-k-\hpw BZn-hm-kn-Ifpw

kao-]-\-p-dnv
$ kaq-l-nse ]pd---s--h-sc \ne-bn, BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS hnI-k\ {]iv\- Kuc-h-tadnb Nm-hn-j-b-am-Wv. Cv BZnhm-kn-I-fpsS {]iv\- ssIImcyw sN-s-Sp-Xv Xmsg ]dbp coXn-I-fn-em-Wv.
1. m\nv Io-js ImgvN-m-Sn \np ""]mh-s--h-cpsS'' `mK-ambn Ahsc ImWp-p. tKm{XhK-hn-I-k\ ]XnIfp-sSbpw Zmcn{Zy\namP\ ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw KpW-t`m-m--fmbn Ahsc
ImWp-p.
2. BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS {]iv\- tKm{X-hK-km-ap-Zm-bnI kzXz-ns D---fmbn ImWp-p.
Ahbvv BZn-hm-kn-`q-an, `mj, kwkvImcw Fn-h-bpsS taep Ah-Im-i--fpsS hnIm-k-ns
ASn-m-\-n ]cn-lm-c- \ntZ-in-p-p.
3. BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS {]iv\-sf Ij-I-scpw Ij-I-sm-gn-em-fn-I-sf-p-ap ImgvN-m-Sp-I-fpsS
ASn-m-\-n hne-bn-cp-p-p. P\m-[n-]-Xy-]-c-amb kmaq-ly-am---fpsS ASn-m-\-n ]cnlm-c- \ntZ-in-p-p.
$ C-gn Zi-I--fn \S-p-t]m BZn-hmkn ta hnI-k\ ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn `qcn-`m-Khpw
Ch-bn-te-sX-nepw P\p-n s]Sp-m-hp--Xm-Wv. ta ]-Xn-I, BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS `q{]-iv\w,
BZn-hm-kn-`m-j, kwkvImcw, hnZym-`ymkw XpS-n-b-h-bpsS hnIm-kw, sXmgn {]iv\- XpS-nb
ASp--Im-e-p-bp h Fm hnj-b-fpw CXn s]Sp-mw. Ccw {]h-\- sImv
BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS Pohn-X-\n-e-hmcw ap hn`m-K--fp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s-Sp-p-tm Dbn-n-.
sXmgn, hnZym-`ym-kw, Btcm-Kyw, `qan-bp-sSbpw hn`-h--fp-sSbpw taep Ah-Im-iw, kwkvIm-cw
XpSn Fm taJ-e-I-fnepw BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS nXn Cpw ]nm--am-Wv.
$ P\-{i BIjn \nc-h[n ka-c- BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS `mK-p-\n-p-m-bn-p-v. BZn-hmkn
hn`m-K- tNp-m-nb tKm{X-a-lm-k-`-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-n \S BZn-hmkn `qk-acw ap
shSn-sh-bv]n\p tijw P\-{i ]nSn-p-]-n. BZn-hm-kn-Iv ]bw \Ip--Xn km-cp-I
ImWnp XpS-nb {iaqew `qk-a-cs Gsd aptm-p-t]m-Im k`-bvm-bn-. tKm{X-a-lm-k-`sb
kzm[o-\n Acm-jv{Sob k kwL-S\m kz`m-h-ap {]h-W-X-Ifpw Ahsc Zp_-e-s-Sp-n.
cmjv{Sob t\Xr-Xz-ns Iogn {]hn BZn-hm-kn-t-akanXn `mKn-I-amb ka-c--fn HXpn. BZn-hm-knta {]h-\--sfmw aX-kw-L-S-\-I-fpsS t\Xr-Xz-n-ep-Xpw Am--Xp-amb
knhn kaq-l-kwL-L-S-\-I-fpsS \nb{-W-n-em-bn. Ch-bpsS {]h-\-pw BZn-hm-kn-IfpsS Ah--bn Imcy-amb amw hcp-m CXp-hsc Ign-n-n-.
$ BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS Cs Ah--bn Xmsg ]d-bp LS-I- {][m-\-amWv.
1. Ncn-{X-]-c-ambn BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS Bhm-k-hy-h-sb \ne-\nn-bXv h\-, tan-e-,
]p\wIrjn Ds-sS-bp D]m-Z\ cq]- XpS-n-b-h-bm-Wv. {_nojv sImtfm-Wn-b ImeLw apX htXm-Xn-ep h\-\-io-I-c-Whpw tXm-h-c-Whpw Cu hn`-h-L-S-\sb Xfn.
1920I apX Bcw-`n IpSn-tb-- hn`-h--fpsS taep kZw h[n-n-p. Ghpw Ahkm\w BZn-hm-kn-ta-J-e-I dnb Ft-p-Im-cp-sSbpw dntkmp-S-a-I-fpsSbpw Icm Irjn-m-cpsSbpw kZ-ns `oj-Wn-bn-em-Wv.
2. h\-hn-`-h--fpsS kzX{ kam-l-c-W-sbpw ssIam--cq-]--sfbpw Bcpw XS-n-cp-n-. h\-k-ns taep It-hpw \nb-{-Whpw BZyw \S-Xv sImtfm-Wn-b Ime-L--n-em-Wv.
AmWv BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS Bhm-k-hy-h-bvv ta `oj-Wn-bp-m-b-Xv. `qan-bpsS taep
kZhpw tXm-h-c-Whpw ]p\wIrjn-sbbpw h\-k--n-s\bpw \in-n-p-Ibpw an{i-hn-`h- e`n {]tZ-i- GI-hnf tXm-fpw Irjn-bn-S--fp-ambn amdp-Ibpw sNbvXp. D]m-Z\w
hn]-W-\-n\p thn-bm-b-tXmsS Am-Sn-hn-e-bn hcp am- Imjn-I-hn-f-Isf t\cnp
_m[n-p. Ctm Ah BtKmf ImjnI hn]-Wn-bn hcp G-p-d-n-ep-Iv hnt[-b-am-Wv.
CXv hym]-I-amb hn`-h-\m-i-n\pw hn`h hyXn-bm-\-pw Imc-W-am-p-p.
3. ]pd---en-eqsS kam-l-cWw (accumulation by dispossession) FXv B[p-\nI apX-em-fn-ns s]mXp kz`m-h-am-Wv. A[zm-\n-p P\-hn-`m-K-sf Ah-cpsS Pohn-tXm-]m-[n-I-fn \nv

ths]-Sp-p-Ibpw ]pd--p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sImmWv em`-hy-h hf-cp--Xv. BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS

{]Z-i--fn D]-tbm-Kn--s-Xv {]mIr-X-aq-e-[\ kam-l-cW (Primitive accumulation) cq]--fmWv. h\-`q-an-I-fpsS taep It-w, hf-p-sI-, Xp-amb hnebvv hmn-s-Sp-, _n\man ]b--fpsS hym]-I-amb D]-tbm-Kw, BZn-hmkn `qan-I Xs ]m-n-s\-Spv Irjn-sN-, IpSnIn-S--h-Im-i-ns ASn-m-\-n e`n `qan `qam-^n-bbvv adn-p-hn XpSn \nc-h[n
cq]- Ctm {]Nm-c-n-ep-v. Ccw cq]-fpw hym]-I-amb hn`-h-\m-ihpw hn`-h--fn
hcp amhpw tNv BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS Pohn-X-hy-h GXmv ]qW-ambn XIn-cn-p-I-bmWv. Ah AhnsS \nv ]dn-p-am--sv Hcp ImjnI aqX-em-fn hyh--bpsS Iogn-ep Iqen-m-f-ambn amdn-bn-cn-p-p. Xp-amb thX-\-n\pw am-\p-Iq-ey-pw thn kzw A[zm\w
Bv thW-sa-nepw hnm Ah Xm-dm-Wv. AXn-Po-h-\-n-\p ac-W-m-n-en BZn-hmkn -]p-cp-j-sbpw kv{Xobp-sSbpw Ipn-I-fp-sSbpw Pohn-X- tlman--s-Sp-p.
$ BZn-hmkn Pohn-X--fpsS XI GI-]-o-b-a-sv Hman-t--Xp-v. BtKmf em`-hy-h-bpsS hf-bnse hyXn-bm-\- sImpw Kh-sap-IfpsS ta-]--Xn-I-fpsS kzm[o-\-nepw
BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS nXn-bn am- hcmw. BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS kaq-l-L-S-\-bn A-c--fp-spw
Hman-t--Xm-Wv. ImjnI taJ-e-bn IS-p-h-n-p BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS h\-hn-`-h-sf am{Xw
D]-Po-hnp Pohn---h-cp-ap-v. `q{]-`p--fpsS ASn-bmcmbn amdn-b-h-cp-ap-v. Ch-cpsS Pohn-X-\n-ehmcnepw hyXym-k--fp-m-Ipw. AXp-sImv BZn-hm-kn-Ip-n \np-Xs Cs hyhn-Xn-I-fp-]-tbm-Knv hfp-h-cp a[y-hK-n-\p km[y-X-I Xn--f-p-Iq-S. ]t,
CsXmpw Xs ]pXnb km-nI {Ia-n mbn-bmb hnI-k\ amK-am-In-. kaq-l-nse
KWy-amb hn`m-K-sf ]pd--n-smv hnI-kn-p Hcp hyh-n-Xnv BZn-hm-kn-I-tfmSp am{Xw
hyXy-kvX-amb \ne-]m-sS-Sp-m Ign-bn-.
$ BZn-hm-kn-Isf tI{o-I-cnp \S-p ]-Xn-I-fp-sSbpw BZnhm-kn-I-fpsS CS-bn \S-p
{]tm-`--fp-sSbpw {][m\ Zu_-eyhpw CXp-X-s-bm-Wv. ta ]-Xn-I AXn-Po-h-\-n-\p
]-Xn-I am{X-am-Wv. BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS `q{]-iv\hpw CtX ImgvN-m-Sn \np am{X-amWv Gs-Sp-p-Xv. ]p-skp apX At- hsctbm AXn-e-[n-Itam hcp `qan-I Ahp e`y-am-mw.
\ne-hn-ep [\-k-lmb ]-Xn-I-f-\p-k-cnv BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS D]--v hn]-W\ km[y-XIfpw Is-mw. hyXykvX ]-Xn-I-f-\p-k-cnv ]mn-Sw, `-Ww, hnZym-`ymkw ap PohnX kuIcy- XpS-n-b-hbpw e`y-am-mw. Ch-sbmw sImv BZn-hm-kn-Iv kpn-c-amb hnImkw
km[y-am-Ip-sa IW-p-Iq--en-emWv sXp-]-p--Xv. BZn-hm-kn-I ]pd---s-Sp-Ibpw Ah-cpsS
hn`-h-km-a-{Kn-I XI-cp-Ibpw sNbvX Ncn-{X-]-c-amb kml-N-cy- Cm-Xm-bn-n-. Ah IqSp-X
in-tbmsS Ahsc B{I-an-p-I-bp-am-Wv. AtX kml-N-cy- \ne-\np-tm, \ne-hn-ep
hyh-n-Xn-bpsS Acn-Ip-]n GXm\pw Nne apI-fn-tep hcm-sa--msX BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS samw
Pohn-X-n amw hcn-I-bn-.
$ km-n-I-amb A[x-n-Xm-h am{X-a-, BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS ]nm-m-h-bvp Imc-Ww.
`mj, kwkvIm-cw, Pohn-X-co-Xn-I, sXmgn LS-\, Bhm-k-cq-]-epw hn`-h--fp-am-bp _w
XpS-n-bhsbmw Ahsc kzm[o-\n-p-p-v. Ch-sbmw XIs-dn-p-sImv B[p-\nI kaq-lns `mK-am-Im Chp km[n-p-sav Icp-Xp-Xv hnUvVn--am-Wv. As\ sNp-I-bm-sWn em`-hyh Xp-Ibpw sImp-Ibpw sNp Iqe-n-m-f-ambn am{X-amWv Ch amdp-I. AhcpsS A[zm-\-cq-]--fn \npw hn`-h-km-a-{Kn-I-fn \np-ap ths]-S ]qW-am-hp-Ibpw sNpw.
$ ChnsS Hcp tNmZyw \ymb-am-Wv. Fm hn[-n-ep kaq-l-hn-`m-K-fpw Ah-cpsS hn`-h--fn
ISn-p-Xq-n-n-S--W-sav \mw B{K-ln-p-ptm? AXv hnI-k\ k]-n\p Xs FXnct? ChnsS \mw {in-t Hcp hkvXp-X-bp-v. P\- Hcp {]tXyI D]m-Z\ cq]-n (\mbm-v, Ip-Imen hf, Irjn) Xs \ne-\n-W-sav B{K-ln-p-n-. ]t, P\-fpw
hn`-h-fpw Xn-ep _w hyXy-kvX-am-Wv. kap-{Z-hn-`-h-, Imjn-I-ta-J-e-I, tan e, h\-`q-an-I XpS-nbh hn`-h-t{km-X-p-I-fm-Wv. Ch-cp-ambn t\cnp _-s-Sp--hcpw Ah-sbp-dn-p ka-{K-amb Adnhpw {]mtbm-KnI cq]-fpw \ne-\np--h-cp-ambn A[zm\in-I-fpsS

hnImkw a\p-jy\pw {]Ir-Xnbpw tNcp kp-en-X-amb hnI-k-\-ns ASn-m\ LS-I-am-Wv.

BZnhm-kn-IsfqSn ]m-fn-I-fmnsmp Joint Forest Management t]mep ]-Xn-I-f ChnsS
\ntZ-in-p--Xv. Acw ]-Xn-I tIh-e-amb ]cn-nXn kwc--W-cq-]- am{X-am-Wv. em`-hyh--bpsS ASn-m\ cq]-sf Ah FXnp-n-sp am{X-a \ne-hn-ep hyh-sb ins-Sp-m Ah BZn-hm-kn-Isf D]-tbm-Kn-p-Ibpw sNp-p.
$ em`-hy-h--bpsS Xm]-cy-a-\p-k-cn-p ]cn-nXn kwc--W hnI-k\ {]h-\--fn
BZn-hm-kn-Isf sImphcpXp-sImp am{Xw BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS Ah--bn amw-h-cp-I-bn-. AXn\p-]-Icw kmaq-ln-I-hn-I-k-\-n-\p ]cn-nXn kp-en-Xhpw A[zm-\-i-n-bpsS hnIm-k-n-e-[njvTn-X-hp-amb ]pXnb ImgvNmSv Bh-iy-am-Wv. AXns Hcp {]mY-anI Nn{X-amWv ChnsS Ah-X-cn-np--Xv.
1. BZnhmkn Ducp-I-sfbpw Ah-cpsS hn`-h-t{km-X-p-I, [\m-K-a-\amK-, sXmgn cq]-,
`mj, -kw-kvImcw XpS-nb LS-I- Fn-h-sbbpw Ipdnv e`y-amb Fm hnh-c-fpw BZn-hmkn-I-fpsS t\Xr-Xz-n Xs kam-l-cn-p-Ibpw Ahsb k\njvj-amb hni-I-e-\-n\p
hnt[-b-am-p-Ibpw sNp-I. ]T-\-ns ASn-m-\-n ]cn-nXn kp-en-X-amb hnI-k\
km[y-X-bp taJ-e-I \nW-bn-p-I. Ah-bpsS amnwKv \S-p-Ibpw taJ-e-I-fpsS IrXy-amb
tUm-t_kv Xm-dm-p-Ibpw sNbvXm hnI-k-\-n-\m-h-iy-amb hnh-cm-Sn-d krjvSn-mw.
2. amnwKv \S-nb taJ-e-I-fp-sSbpw hn`-h--fp-sSbpw taep Fm-hn[ It--fpw Aim-kv{Xob
hn\n-tbm-Khpw XS-bp-I. Ft-p-I, dntkm-p-I, ]mp-I XpSn ]ehn[-n-ep `qan-I-t- \ntcm-[n--Ww. \ne-hn-ep `qhn-\n-tbmK h\-\n-b-a- Bh-iy-amb CS--fn ]p\-cm-hnjv-cn--Ww. amv sNbvX taJ-e-Ifn IpSn-mp-Ifpw A\p-h-Zn--cp-Xv. Acw taJ-e-I ka{K-amb ss{S_ sUh-e-vsa v AtXm-dn-n-I-fpsS Iogn sImp-h-cmw. kwm\ Khsap-ambp _w \ne-\nm\pw \nb-a-]-c-amb N-qSv Ddphcp-m-\p-am-Wn-Xv.
3. {]tXyI taJ-e-I-fpsS \nb-{Ww P\m-[n-]Xy LS-\-bp BZn-hmkn hnI-k\ kan-Xn-Isf Gnmw. BZn-hm-kn-I `qcn-]
- a
- p ]m-b
- p-Isf hnI-k\ kan-Xn-If
- mbn ]p\\nWbw sNmw.
Am ]m-b-p-I-fn hnI-k\ kan-Xn-bpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-I FIvkv H^otjym AwK--fm-bncn-pw. ss{S_ taJ-e-bn \nv sXc-s-Sp--s-Sp ]m-bv AwK- hnI-k\ kan-Xnbnepw AwK--fm-Ipw.
4. BZn-hmkn taJ-e-I-fnse hn`-h-t{km-X-p-I-fpsS \nb-{Ww Ahp-X-s-bm-bn-cn-pw. Ahv
Iqmb kz-h-Im-i-am-Wp-m-IpI (aq-am hgn ssIImcyw sNp coXn A\p-h-Zn-p-I-bn-)
AXv \nW-bn-p-Xv P\m-[n-]X
- y-]c
- a
- mbn sXc-s-Sp-s
- -Sp-s
- -Sp hn`-hk
- a
- n-Xn-If
- m-bn-cnpw
Duq---fn \nmWv hn`-h-k-an-Xn-I sXc-s-Sp--s-Sp-I. hn`-h--fpsS D]m-Z-\w, hn]W\w, kwc--Ww, amt\-Pvsa v XpS-nbh Ch-cpsS In-em-bn-cn-pw. Iqm-b, P\m-[n-]Xy]-camb Xocp-am-\--fpsS ASn-m-\-n-emWv \nh-lWw \S-p-I. BZn-hm-kn-I-v hn`-h--fpsS
taep \nb-{Ww D]m-[n-I-tfm-sS-bm-bn-cn-pw. Ah-bpsS taep ]W-bw, hn]-\, ]mw-sImSp- XpS-n-bh A\p-h-Zn-p-I-bn-. ]t D]-- hnm-\p kzm{X-{y-ap-m-Ipw.
Ah-bn \np em`w AXn-Po-h-\-n-\p sNe-hp-I Ignv D]m-Z-\-s-e-hp-Imbn Xs
Xncn-p-]-tbm-Kn-pw. hmbv], hn--en-i, tUv XpS-nbh Ii-\-ambn \nb-{n-pw. hn`-h-fpsS taep Ah-Im-i-sf kw_-n Fm Xocp-am-\-fpw hn`-h-k-anXn Iqm-bn-s-Sp-pw.
6. hnZym-`ym-kw, BtcmKyw, kmaq-ly-kp-c
- , `y-kp-c apX-emb taJ-eI
- f
- n \ne-hn-ep km
]-Xn-I XpS-cpw. CXv IqSmsX hn`h]-Xn-I-fn \np hcp-am-\hpw Ccw taJ-e-I-fn
{]tbm-P-\-s-Sp-pw. GsX-nepw Ducp-I-fn \jvSw kw`-hn-p-I-bm-sW-n em`w Innb DucpI-fn \np A[n-I-h-cp-am\w D]-tbm-Knv \jvSw \nI-mw. Fnpw \jvSw \nI-p-n-sn kwm\w \jvSw \nIn Ducp-Isf kwc-npw. hyn-]-c-ambpw kmaq-ly-am-bp-ap
km[y-XIv ]cn-lmcw ImWp ]c-kv]-c-k-lm-b-kw-L--fmbn hn`-h-k-an-Xn-I amd-Ww.
7. BZn-hm-kn-Iv Cp e`n-p kmam\y hnZym-`ymkw IqSmsX `mj, kwkvIm-cw, \m-dn-hp-I,
hn`-h-km-a-{Kn-I-sf-p-dn-p hnh-c- Fnh \Ip {]tXyI hnZym-`ymk cq]- krjvSnp-Ibpw AXn-\m-h-iy-amb imkv{X-km-t-XnIm\w Dd-p-h-cp-p-Ibpw sNpw. Bh-iy-amb

taJ-e-I-fn D]-cn-]-T\ kuI-cy-fpw Gs-Sp-pw. hn`-h-sf tI{o-I-cn-p D]m-Z-\-hn-XcW cq]--sf-p-dn-p imkv{Xo-b-amb Adn-hp-I Fm-hpw e`y-am-p XpShn-Zym-`ymk
]-Xn-I Bhn-jv-cn-pw. CXns ASn-m-\-n kmaq-l-hn-I-k-\-n-\m-h-iy-amb imkv{Xkm-t-XnI ASn-d krjvSn-pw.
8. Imbn-I--a-Xbpw Btcm-Ky-io-e-fpw h[n-n-m-\p \S-]-Sn-I-sf-Sp-pw. aZy-]m-\w, ab-p-a-cpp-I, tcmKm-Xp-c-X, ]I-hym-[n-I XpS-n-b-h-bvs-Xn-cmbn i-ambn t]mcm-Sp Btcm-Ky]-cn-]m-e\ kwhn-[m\w hfn-sm-p-h-cpw. kv{Xo]p-cpj _--fn Ctm \ne-\np
Aim-kv{Xob Acm-P-IXz {]h-W-X-I Cm-Xm-p-Ibpw Btcm-Ky-I-chpw imkv{Xo-b-hp-amb
kv{Xo]p-cpj _- hfn-sm-p-h-cn-Ibpw sNpw. hnhm-lw, kmaq-ly-a-cym-Z-I, NS-pI XpS-n-bh ]pXnb kmaq-lym-h-iy-v tNcp hn[-n {Iao-I-cn-pw.
9. hnI-k\ kan-Xn-I-fp-sSbpw hn`-h-k-an-Xn-I-fp-sSbpw Iogn hyXy-kvX hn`-h--fn-ep ]pXnb D]mZ-\k
- w-cw-`
- Bcw-`n-pw. Ah-bpsS hn]-W\w km Dd-p-hc
- p-pw. CXn-\m-hi
- y-amb imkv{Xob-amb Adn-hp-Ifpw amt\-Pvsa v taJ-ebpw sFSnbpw AS--ap ]cn-io-e-\hpw Fm BZn-hm-knIpw e`y-am-pw. \ne-hn-ep hn`-h-t{km-X-p-Isf \in-n-m-sX-bp ]pXnb Dm-Z\ kwcw`-pw hyh-kmb cq]-pw t\XrXzw \Ip--Xn\pw BZn-hm-kn-Isf t{]mm-ln-n-pw.
10. hnI-k-\-n-\p Bm-`n-am-\hpw Bth-ihpw krjvSn-p hn[-n `mj-I-sfbpw kmwkvImcnI cq]--sfbpw hfn-sm-p-h-cpw. tKm{X hn`m-K- Xn-ep D-\o-NXzw Cm-Xm-pIbpw skp-edpw P\m-[n-]X
- y-]c
- h
- p-amb ASn-d
- b
- n ]pXnb kl-hn-Xz-n-sbpw kwkvImc-n-sbpw cq]- hfp-Ibpw sNpw.
$ BZn-hmkn kzXz-ns hnImkw F-X Cu hnI-k\ k]-ns eyw. BZn-hmknsb imkv{X-t_m-[hpw P\m-[n-]Xy ho-Whpw Bm-`n-am-\-hp-ap ]pXnb a\p-jy-\m-pI FXm-Wv. t]mcm---fn-eq-sS-b-msX Cu hf km[y-a Fpw em`m-[n-jvTnX hyh--tbmSpw AXns
It--n-sbpw ASn-a--n-sbpw bpn-tbmSpw {]Xn-I-cn-p-sIm--msX kzw \ne-\npw
hnIm-khpw km[y-a-s-p-ap Ah-t_m[w BZn-hm-kn-I-fn Dm-I-Ww. AXn\v \ne-hn-ep \nba-hy-h--bvp-n Xs km[y-amb Nne cq]--fmWv ta Ipdn--Xv.