C8LLnC8AM

8y
8ASAvA8A! n kCulPALLl
!rMSc
uepL of CeneLlcs and lanL 8reedlng
1
ln18CuuC1lCn
lL ls also called as mung bean
lL ls Lhlrd mosL lmporLanL pulse
crop ln lndla
lL ls shorL duraLlon crop
lL ls grown as sole crop as well as
lnLercrop and mulLlple cropplng
sysLem
Ma[or consumpLlon as food
legume
2
lmporLance
lL conLalns easlly dlgesLlble proLeln and rlch
source of amlno aclds
lL enrlches Lhe soll Lhrough aLmospherlc
nlLrogen flxaLlon
lL adds humus Lo Lhe soll
lL acL as cover crop
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sprouLed gralns are used as salad and
breakfasL
lL used ln preparlng a varleLy of savory and
sweeL dlshes
lL ls used as palaLable fodder and concenLraLes
for mllch anlmals
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C8lCln Anu ulS18l8u1lCn
W Cr|g|n
lndlgenous Lo lndla
lboseolos ooteos ls lLs wlld form
W D|str|but|on
Mungbean ls culLlvaLed ln 1halland Chlna
hlllpplnes Srllanka lndla Myanmar aklsLan
8angladesh lndonesla eLc
ln lndla lL ls culLlvaLed ln 8a[asLhan MaharashLra
karnaLaka Crlssa 8lhar A u and M
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1axonom|ca| c|ass|f|cat|on
klngdom lanLae
ulvlslon SpermaLophyLes
Subdlvlslon Anglosperm
Class ulcoLyledoneae
Crder Legumlnosae
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amlly poplllonoldeae
1rlbe phaseoleae
Cenus vlgna
Subgenus ceraLoLopls
Specles radlaLa
varleLy radlaLa
ulplold chromosome number 2n2x22
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Area producLlon and producLlvlLy ln
lndla
ar Ara(ha) roduct|on
(tons)
roduct|v|t
(kg]ha)
19981999 30340 11390 373
19992000 29030 10370 371
20002001 30080 10230 340
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20092010
W Ara 23mha
W oducLlonr08mLonns
W Leadlng sLaLes Madhya radesh MaharasLra
uLLar radesh Andra radesh karnaLaka
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MaharashLra ls largesL producer (2303) followed
by karnaLaka and A
W 1he producLlvlLy ls hlghesL ln kerala(824kg/ha)
followed by un[ab W8 8lhar
W ln lndla under culLlvaLlon Lhrough ouL Lhe plalns
and up Lo 6000 feeL on Lhe Plmalayas
10
Area producLlon and producLlvlLy
0
3000
10000
13000
20000
23000
30000
33000
19981999 19992000 20002001
Area(ha)
producLlon(Ln)
producLlvlLy(kg/ha)
11
Area producLlon and producLlvlLy ln
karnaLaka
ar Ara( ha) roduct|on
(1ons)
roduct|v|t
(kg]ha)
1998
1999
3280 642 196
1999
2000
3930 1343 341
2000
2001
4310 1848 410
12
0
300
1000
1300
2000
2300
3000
3300
4000
4300
3000
19981999 19992000 20002001
Area( ha)
producLlon(Ln)
proLucLlvlLy(kg/ha)
13
nuLrlLlve value per 100g of Creengram
rot|n 2028
aL 33
lber 39
CarbohydraLes 312
Mlnerals 34
vlLamlns 03
molsLure 102
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-D1kI1IC-AL VALD
8C1Lln
A1
l88L
CA88CP?u8A1LS
MlnL8ALS
vl1AMlnS
MClS1u8L
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8oLanlcal descrlpLlon
W PablL annual herbaceous erecL/seml erecL
W 8ooL Lap rooL sysLem provlded wlLh nodules
for aLm n
2
flxaLlon
W SLem erecL /sub erecL someLlme Lwlnnlng ln
upper branches furrowed branches
moderaLely/sparsely halred
W Leaves LrlfollaLe enLlre ovaLe rarely lobed
wlLh long peLlole
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W ods lmmaLure pods are
usually green maLure pods are
lron gray/ollve gray/snuff brown
color round slander wlLh shorL
moderaLe pubescence
W uehlsces by boLh (dorsal
venLral) suLures lnLo Lwo halves
W lL conLalns 916 seeds
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W Seeds globular green
surface has flne wavy rldges
Pllum ls whlLe more or less flaL
W CermlnaLlon ls eplgeal
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LCkAL 8ICLCG
W Inf|orscnc Axlllary raceme carrylng Len Lo LwenLy
flowers on long peduncles
W oro||apaplllonaceous
W ta|s lve
W a|slve
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20
Mungbean ls predomlnanLly self polllnaLed
crop
1he flower ls llghLly yellowlsh ollve Lo yellow
ln colour wlLh 3 sepals and 3 peLals
1he ouLer mosL peLal ls known as sLandard
and covers 2 free peLals known as wlngs
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1he lnnermosL 2 fused peLals are known as
keels
1he 10 anLhers are presenL ln dladelphus
condlLlon (9+1)
Cvary ls superlor long and mulLlloculed
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W lower hermaphrodlLe zygomorphlc elLher llghLer
yellowlsh ollve/ollve yellow
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W Inf|orscnc
auxlllary or
Lermlnal
raceme wlLh
1020 flowers
crowded on
long peduncle
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23
Creen gram (Io toJoto)
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1AL
W eLals are flve ln number Lhree klnds of peLals
1 SLandard 1
2 Wlngs 2
3 keels 2 [olned(splrally colled)
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28
A-DkCID,
Male reproducLlve parL sLamen has goL Lwo parLs
1 AnLher
2 llamenL
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G-CID,
emale reproducLlve parL made up of
1 SLlgma
2 SLyle
3 Cvary
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W |ora| d|agram
W loral formula
31
A-1nI A-D CLLI-A1IC-
W olllnaLlon occurs a nlghL prlor Lo openlng of Lhe flowers
W AnLhers sLarL dehlsclng from 3 am and compleLely
dehlsced by 9 am
W SLlgma are by Lhen recepLlve and are Lhoroughly covered
wlLh pollen
W lowers open beLween 6 am and 8 am and remaln open
Llll 11 am laLer Lhey close beLween 2 pm and 4 pm
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W ollen sheddlng Lakes place long before Lhe peLals open
W ClelsLogamy occurs Lo an exLenL of 46
W olllnaLlon ls effecLed ln Lhe bud sLage on Lhe nlghL
prevlous Lo Lhe openlng of Lhe flower
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VAkIA1IC-
W Seed colour Seeds are elLher green black brown
yellow
W Seed surface LlLher dull or shlnlng
W lower color llghL yellowlsh ollve or ollve yellow
W od colour 8lpe pods lrony grey ollve grey or snuff
brown
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IAL 1n-ID C kCI-G
W ConLacL MeLhod 8agl
W 1esL Lube meLhod 8agl 8lce
W Pumphry and 1uller meLhod CoLLon
W Shlvashankar's meLhod ulse crops
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nIVAnA-Ak' ,1nCD
W ollowed ln pulse crops
W Cn Lhe evenlng prevlous Lo Lhe day of pollen sheddlng
Lransverse cuL ls made ln flower bud
W aclllLaLes removal of upper porLlon of Lhe corolla llke a cap
wlLhouL causlng ln[ury Lo Lhe gynoeclum
W AnLhers are cllpped off auLomaLlcally and remalns lnslde Lhe
corolla cap whlch ls removed
W 1he sLlgma ls Lhen polllnaLed wlLh deslred pollen
on Lhe nexL mornlng
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Art|f|c|a| hbr|d|zat|on
W LmasculaLlon
W referred durlng 400600pm
W or emasculaLlon Lhe young bud
ls keep beLween Lhumb
foreflnger
W olnL of dlssecLlng needle ls
lnserLed [usL under Lhe sLandard
ln an obllque poslLlon along Lhe
Lop of Lhe bud
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W 1he lefL slde of sLandard wlng peLal are
pushed ouLwards held wlLh Lhumb
W 1he lefL hand of keel ls removed ln pleces wlLh
forceps
W lsLll sLlgma are Lhen exposed
W Lxposed anLhers are removed wlLh forceps
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or polllnaLlon
W 1he sLamlnal column havlng sLamens
and anLhers lnLacL are selecLed
1hls ls Laken ouL from freshly opened
flowers
1he pollens are rubbed agalnsL Lhe
sLlgma of Lhe emasculaLed bud
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W olllnaLlon done ln mornlng
(811am) collecL maLure
anLhers from open flowers
genLly presslng Lhe rlpe
anLhers agalnsL sLlgma
W lower may be bagged afLer
polllnaLlon unLll pods are
maLured
W ercenLage of flower shed ls
very hlgh 69
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41
VAkI1I
W usa halgunl lA8l
W usa uofasall lA8l
W S 68 Plssar
W C 20 lA8l
W kopergaon 88 2 CC 1 CC 2 CC 3 C 63 usa
balsakl usa 103 S 16 37 1 44 1 31
Chlna mung SelecLlon 4 anL mung 2 3
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8reedlng ob[ecLlves
Plgh graln yleld
ulfferenL maLurlLy duraLlons
8eslsLance Lo shaLLerlng
8eLLer planL Lype
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8eslsLance Lo dlseases llke M?Mv and CLS
8eslsLance Lo pesLs llke pod borer aphlds and
whlLefly
CollecLlon evaluaLlon of varlablllLy Chandel
anL (1982) were conducLed evaluaLlon on
large number of llnes aL n8C8 new uehll
8eLLer quallLy (proLeln MeLhlonln conLenL)
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8reedlng meLhods
lnLroducLlon
1 lnLer conLlnenLal
2 lnLra conLlnenL
3 lnLer sLaLe
SelecLlon
PybrldlzaLlon
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Wlde hybrldlzaLlon
8lack gram x green gram
1
hybrld seeds were small shrunken
planLs were weak seml sLerlle
W 8easons for break down of hybrlds ln seedllng
sLage ls due Lo
1 LeLhallLy of hybrlds aL varlous sLages of devL
2 A hlgh degree of pollen sLerlllLy
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Wlld relaLlves wlLh useful genes
Io toJoto vot sobloboto Lhls genes
reslsLance agalnsL M?Mv bruchlds and waLer
logglng
Io ombelloto Lhls genes reslsLance Lo
beanfly
Io lobtescece reslsLance Lo CLS
Io kbeJoless reslsLance Lo droughL and
calcarlous soll
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SegregaLlng Pybrld populaLlon
handllng meLhods
a edlgree meLhod
b 8ulk meLhod
c 8ackcross meLhod
d Slngle seed descenL meLhod
e SelecLlve lnLermaLlng
f MulLlple crosslng
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Cermplasm resources
Av8uC aL 1alwan
n8C8 lA8l aL new uelhl
l8C8 aL 8ome (lLaly)
l8l aL kanpur (u)
un[ab AgrlculLural unlverslLy Ludhlana
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Imortant d|sass
W Mungbean ?ellow Mosalc vlrus (M?Mv)
W Cercospora leaf spoL (colletottcbom
coesces)
W owdery mlldew %tysbe olyo)
W 8ooL sLem roLs %boctoo bototcolo
solo)
W 8acLerlal leaf bllghL (Ootbomoos boseol)
W tost
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lmporLanL lnsecL pesLs
W WhlLe fly 8emlsla Labacl
(vecLor for 23 dlfferenL
dlseases)
W Palry caLLerplllar
W Semllooper
W pulse beeLle
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8eslsLanL varleLles for pesLs and
dlseases
D|sass]sts ks|stant sourcs
1hrlps C63 SML32 100 134 137 143
Aphlds Angul 36 n 18 LM 113 Mo 10
od borer v2107 2109 2133 4270
WhlLe fly ML 1 3 3 6 13 131 170 267
M?Mv LM 214 ML266 ML267 Mung no 3
CLS 476 330 ML 3 4 3 13 CugaraL 1
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Some of Lhe culLlvar and Lhelr
parenLage
-am of th cu|t|var arntag
!yoLl (Pu8 43) L 242 x usa balsakhl
SabarmaLl (lMS 4) lM 1066 x usa balsakhl
anL moong 3 LM 294 x L 80
usa 103 (1alnan 1 x ML 6) x (LC MC 16 x ML 3)
Mohlnl (S8) 88 2 x 1ype 2
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8ecommended varleLles for karnaLaka
Var|t|s ason Durat|on (das)
k138 kharlf and 8abl 8390
S16 kharlf and 8abl 7380
Chlna moong kharlf and 8abl 8390
S4 kharlf and 8abl 8390
usa balsakl kharlf and 8abl 8390
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8eferences
8reedlng of leld Crops
8y vL CPC8A
Crop 8reedlng and CeneLlcs
8y Parl Par 8am and
Par Covlnd Slngh
8reedlng of ulse Crops
8y CupLa
wwwlndlasLaLcom
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