Lun vn tt nghip kha 29 -2008

Trng i Hc Cn Th

TM LC
Cht mu anthocyanin c trong bp ci tm c chit tch bng h dung mi phn
cc. Ni dung ca ti ny tin hnh nghin cu kh nng chit tch anthocyanin t
bp ci tm khi s dng 4 h dung mi khc nhau: h dung mi ethanol nc, h
dung mi ethanol HCl(1%) nc, h dung mi acid citric HCl (1%), h dung
mi NaHSO3 HCl (1%). Kt qu thu c trong h dung mi NaHSO3 HCl (1%)
hm lc anthocyanin thu c cao nht.
Vi 2 phng php c kho st: phng php trch c s h tr ca sng siu m
v phng php trch thng thng vi s ln trch khc nhau: mt ln, hai ln v ba
ln cho h dung mi NaHSO3 HCl (1%). Kt qu cho thy khi trch bng phng
php c s h tr ca sng siu m vi s ln trch l 2 ln th hm lng anthocyanin
thu c cao nht.
Cui cng nghin cu nhit ( 30 oC, 35 oC) v thi gian trch ly (30 pht, 45 pht
v 60 pht) thu c anthocyanion c hm lng cao. Kt qu khi trch ly nhit
30oC v thi gian 30 pht th hm lng anthocyanin thu c tng i cao.

Chuyn ngnh Cng Ngh Thc Phm- Khoa Nng Nghip v Sinh Hc ng Dng

iii

Lun vn tt nghip kha 29 -2008

Trng i Hc Cn Th

MC LC
LI CM T .................................................................................................................................. i
TM LC................................................................................................................................... iii
MC LC ..................................................................................................................................... iv
DANH SCH HNH ..................................................................................................................... vi
DANH SCH HNH ..................................................................................................................... vi
DANH SCH BNG ................................................................................................................... vii
PH LC..................................................................................................................................... viii
1. Xc nh hm lng anthocyanin trong dch trch theo phng php pH vi sai ................. viii
2. Phng php xc nh bn mu........................................................................................ ix
3. Phng php x l s liu ..................................................................................................... ix
KT QU THNG K.............................................................................................................. x
CHNG 1 GII THIU.............................................................................................................. 1
1.1 t vn ............................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Mc tiu nghin cu ............................................................................................................. 1
CHNG II LC KHO TI LIU ......................................................................................... 3
2.1. Gii thiu ............................................................................................................................. 3
2.1.1 Cht mu........................................................................................................................ 3
2.1.2 Anthocyanin ................................................................................................................... 3
Hnh 2: S chuyn i mu sc ca anthocyanin theo pH ca mi trng ....................... 6
2.1.3 Mt s loi rau qu cha cht mu anthocyanin .......................................................... 7
2.1.4 Gii thiu nguyn liu bp ci....................................................................................... 7
2.2 Phng php trch ly........................................................................................................... 11
2.2.1 Trch ly cht lng ......................................................................................................... 11
2.2.2 Trch ly cht rn........................................................................................................... 13
2.2.3 Cc yu t nh hng n qu trnh trch ly ............................................................... 13
2.3 Sng siu m ....................................................................................................................... 14
2.3.1 Sng siu m c cng ln ..................................................................................... 14
2.3.2 ng dng ca sng siu m trong thc t .................................................................. 16
2.3.3 ng dng ca sng m trong thc phm..................................................................... 16
CHNG III PHNG TIN PHNG PHP TH NGHIM ........................................... 19
3.1 Phng tin th nghim....................................................................................................... 19
3.1.1 Nguyn liu .................................................................................................................. 19
3.1.2 Dng c - Thit b ........................................................................................................ 19
3.1.3 Ha cht....................................................................................................................... 19
3.2 Phng php nghin cu .................................................................................................... 19
3.2.1 Th nghim 1: Kho st nh hng ca h dung mi n kh nng trch ly
anthocyanin........................................................................................................................... 19
3.2.2 Th nghim 2: Kho st nh hng ca phng php v s ln trch ly n mt
v bn mu anthocyanin trong dch trch ........................................................................ 21
3.2.3 Th nghim 3: Kho st nh hng ca nhit v thi gian trch ly n mt
v bn mu anthocyanin trong dch trch ........................................................................ 23
CHNG 4 KT QU V THO LUN................................................................................. 26
4.1 nh hng ca h dung mi n kh nng trch ly anthocyanin ....................................... 26
4.2 nh hng ca s ln trch v phng php trch n hm lng anthocyanin ................ 30
4.3 nh hng ca nhit v thi gian n hm lng anthocyanin c trch ly............... 35
Chuyn ngnh Cng Ngh Thc Phm- Khoa Nng Nghip v Sinh Hc ng Dng

iv

Lun vn tt nghip kha 29 -2008

Trng i Hc Cn Th

CHNG 5 KT LUN V NGH ..................................................................................... 39

5.1 Kt lun............................................................................................................................... 39
5.2 ngh................................................................................................................................ 39
TI LIU THAM KHO ............................................................................................................ 44

Chuyn ngnh Cng Ngh Thc Phm- Khoa Nng Nghip v Sinh Hc ng Dng

Lun vn tt nghip kha 29 -2008

Trng i Hc Cn Th

DANH SCH HNH

Hnh 1: Cu trc c bn ca aglucon ca anthocyanin.................................................... 4
Hnh 2: S chuyn i mu sc ca anthocyanin theo pH ca mi trng ................ 6
Hnh 3: Ci bp ............................................................................................................. 7
Hnh 4: Bp ci tm ...................................................................................................... 10
Hnh 5: S trch ly theo 1 on ................................................................................. 12
Hnh 6: S trch ly theo nhiu on giao dng .......................................................... 12
Hnh 7: S trch ly lin tc nhiu on nghch dng ................................................. 12
Hnh 8: th hm lng anthocyanin sau khi trch v bo qun trong cc h dung
mi ............................................................................................................................... 27
Hnh 9: th biu din mi quan h gia phng php trch, s ln trch n hm
lng anthocyanin thu c ......................................................................................... 32
Hnh 10: th biu din nh hng ca s ln trch, phng php trch n hm
lng v % mu anthocyanin cn li sau 24 gi khi gi iu kin thng................. 33
Hnh 11: th biu din nh hng ca s ln trch, phng php trch n hm
lng v % mu anthocyanin cn li sau 24 gi khi gi iu kin ti ........................ 34
Hnh 12: th biu din nh hng ca s ln trch, phng php trch n hm
lng v % mu anthocyanin cn li sau 24 gi khi gia nhit 95oC, 15 pht ................. 34
Hnh 13: th biu din mi quan h gia thi gian trch, nhit trch n hm
lng anthocyanin thu c ......................................................................................... 36
Hnh 14: th biu din mi quan h gia nhit v thi gian trch n hm lng
v % anthocyanin cn lai sau 24 gi gi iu kin bnh thng ................................ 37
Hnh 15: th biu din mi quan h gia nhit v thi gian trch n hm lng
v % anthocyanin cn lai sau 24 gi gi iu kin ti ............................................... 38
Hnh 16: th biu din mi quan h gia nhit v thi gian trch n hm lng
v % anthocyanin cn lai sau 24 gi gi iu kin un 95oC ..................................... 38

Chuyn ngnh Cng Ngh Thc Phm- Khoa Nng Nghip v Sinh Hc ng Dng

vi

Lun vn tt nghip kha 29 -2008

Trng i Hc Cn Th

DANH SCH BNG

Bng1: Mt s loi anthocyanin ph bin ...................................................................... 7
Bng 2: Thnh phn ha hc ca bp ci tm................................................................. 11
Bng 3: Cc phng php phn tch v x l s liu ..................................................... 25
Bng 4. Kt qu thng k hm lng anthocyanin (%) sau khi trch v bo qun trong
cc h dung mi ........................................................................................................... 26
Bng 5. Kt qu thng k % anthocyanin cn li khi bo qun trong cc dung mi
trch ly trong cc iu kin khc nhau .......................................................................... 27
Bng 6: nh hng ca thi gian bo qun n anthocyanin ....................................... 29
Bng 7: nh hng ca nhit n anthocyanin......................................................... 29
Bng 8: nh hng ca nh sng n anthocyanin........................................................ 30
Bng 9: kt qu thng k nh hng ca phng php trch n hm lng
anthocyanin c trch ly .............................................................................................. 31
Bng 10: Kt qu thng k nh hng ca s ln trch n hm lng anthocyanin
c trch ly .................................................................................................................. 31
Bng 11: Kt qu thng k nh hng ca nhit trch n hm lng anthocyanin
c trch ly ................................................................................................................. 35
Bng 12 Kt qu thng k nh hng ca thi gian trch n hm lng anthocyanin
c trch ly ................................................................................................................. 36

Chuyn ngnh Cng Ngh Thc Phm- Khoa Nng Nghip v Sinh Hc ng Dng

vii