CHAPTER 5 NHNG DU HIU CH S SUY GIM NNG SUT CY TRNG

5.1. Thc a cy trng - K thut nh gi thc a Sn lng-da vo nh gi thc a

Kch thc ca cy trng c mi lin h vi t mt, hm lng cacbon hoc b mt a hnh Lin quan n chiu cao ca cy trng S n v sn phm/ha S cy trn n v din tch 5.2. Du hiu v s pht trin ca cy trng

Du hiu lin quan v nhng cnh bo

iu ny c hiu qu cho cy trng c canh tc khc nhau. Rau v ci bp c s thay i kch thc ng k theo cht lng t. So snh chiu cao gia cc cy (trng cng thi im) cc khu vc khc nhau Nng sut Cy mc t l do thoi ho t. c bit l nhng khu vc t b nh hng bi ma.

cc du hiu thoi ho t, nh chiu dy tng trng cng thi im nhng cc khu vc

- L : + Cc cy c s khc bit nh nhau khng? + Tt c cc cy c c trng cng thi im hay khng? + Mt khu vc ny so vi khu vc khc nh th no? + C cng cc bin php chm sc khng? + Ni trng c s tch t t hay khng? B xi mn do lm t? + Ch bn phn nh nhau khng? 5.3. S thiu cht dinh dng
Cc cht dinh dng cn thit Triu chng ca S thiu N ht/c t L ho vng, nu; cy khng khiu, ln P K Cy ci cc, l ho tm, cung hi C nhng m vng/nu trn l tra/hoc pha cnh ngoi l S b cht L ci cc, a vng iu kin t ct di iu kin ma ln v t c hm lng cht hu c thp,. t chua, giu st v nhm oxit (t nhit i) t c mu sng

Ca

R km pht trin, l cong queo, l b kh ho hoc c nhiu nt trn l hoc tri c v ng/s thi ra cung hoa Bnh a vng trn cc l cy gi

t chua, t kim hoc t mn.

Mg

t ct, t chua khu vc c lng ma trung bnh n cao. Thng bao gm thiu ht Ca t trn vi, t tho nc km, pH cao (t trung tnh v kim P c th ngn chn s hp th Fe) t tho nc km, t cy qu su. pH cao )>6.5) cng vi hm lng mn cao c th c nh Mn t c pH cao. Zn b gim do bn vi v phtpho

Fe

Bnh a vng l nhng l non

Mn

Bnh vng l nhng l non

Zn

Triu chng khc nhau i vi tng loi cy. nhng cy ng cc, l c mu tm; nhng cy l t, triu chng nh vng l, gim kch thc l v tn l mng. Vnh l u tn l ca nhng cy non v c nhng nt en pht trin.

Cu

t than bn, hoc t chua, t ct

5.3. S thay i ca t lin quan n sn xut (Cu trc, mu sc v tng dy) y l nhng du hiu thng d quan st, lin quan n sn xut nng nghip: Cu trc t, mu sc v chiu su r cy.
-

Cu trc t: Thng qua v t.

Mu sc t: Thng qua s so snh mu sc t b mt cc khu vc khc nhau; c bit ch nhng t c mu nht hn. Tng dy t: Mc Khng r rng Khng c xi mn Nh Miu t Khng c du hiu xi mn b mt, nhng c bng chng xi mn ban u Khng c du hiu no Mt vi du hiu v s di chuyn cc phn t t mt xung phn t pha di; khng c du hiu s l ra ca r cy C du hiu r rng ca s vn chuyn v tch t cc phn t t mt xung sn dc; c s l din r cy tng mt <5cm; cha c du hiu t tng di l ra. C du hiu r rng s di chuyn ton b v tch t ca t xung sn dc; r cy l ra >5cm; t tng di l ra.

Sheet Erosion (Xi mn b mt) TT 0 1 2

Trung bnh

Mnh

Rill Erosion (Xi mn rnh nh) TT 0 1 2 3 Mc Khng c Nh Trung bnh Mnh Miu t Khng c rnh nh xut hin Mt vi rnh cn (<100mm) xut hin, chim <5% din tch b mt C s hin din rnh cn n tb (<200mm), nh hng >25% din tch Rnh su >300mm, hoc chim >25% din tch b mt