TO M HNH U RNG

I. Gii thiu Tutorial ny s hng dn chi tit cho bn cch lm m hnh u mt con rng (hay khng long) t mt hnh tham chiu c sn. lm theo Tutorial ny, bn cn bit mt s iu c bn v Maya nh cch di chuyn, phng to, cc khi nim nh NURBS, Polygon, Suvdiv.... II. Xy dng b khung c bn: 1. Chun b: chun b, vic u tin bn cn lm l down file nh tham chiu ny v v to 1 plane, gn vt liu l nh cho n v chnh kch c ca plane cho thch hp nh sau

Tip theo , hy to 1 Layer v gn plane ny vo Layer , sau t thuc tnh Reference (R) cho Layer, plane ny s khng th la chn c na

Cng vic chun b cui cng l vo bng Shading trong cng Front, chn Shading Option->Xray cc vt trong cng c th nhn xuyn c, iu ny gip cng vic d dng hn rt nhiu. 2. Dng cc khi c bn:

u tin, ta s to phn xng hm trn, trn bng Create->Nurbs->Nurbs Sphere, to qu cu v xoay n li nh sau:

Ko qu cu ln phn mt v bm chut phi, bng tu chn hin ra v chn Control Vertex, ko cc im iu khin to hnh nh sau GHI CH: Vi tt c cc i tng con sau ny nh Vertex, Face, ....vic chn la chng lm tng t bng cch chut phi ln m hnh menu Hotbox hin ra cc i tng con v chn chng

Bm chut phi li v chn Isoparm, ko cc ng Isoparm ra c cc cnh mi

To ra cc cnh mi bng Edit Nurbs->Insert IsoParm, cc cnh mi nh sau:

Chn li Control Vertex v ko cc im iu khin cc bin to hnh nh bn di

Tip tc iu chnh cc im bin

Hnh dng bn tm n, by gi ta hy iu chnh rng, chn cc im v Scale n ra c t l thch hp

Hy chn thm 1 vi ng Isoparm na c kt qu sau

Tip tc ko cc im c hnh dng n hn

Hm trn c hnh dng tm n, by gi l hm di, to mt qu cu v lm tng t hm trn

V by gi l c, to 1 Cylinder (Nurbs), chnh li Span=4 Scale+Rotate n nh sau:

Ko cc im v to dng n nh sau

Hy chnh cc cng, Scale ch no cn v hnh dng con rng s l

 cng front, vo Shading v Shading Option

Cc cnh s hin ra, iu ny gip ta chnh li cc cnh ca c v u cho khp nhau:

C v nh tm n, by gi, chn phn hm trn, Isoparm v chn cnh tip gip c v u

Thc hin lnh sau:

Chn phn va b tch ra khi hm trn v xo n i, con Rng c hnh dng c bn ri

Chn thm 3 ng Isoparm nh di y

Chnh li cc im to c mt

Tip tc chn 2 ng Isoparm

Chn 2 ng Isoparm di v trn ca hm trn

Sau khi chn xong, vo Edit NURBS->Detach Surfaces, hm trn s b tch lm hai phn. Hy chn mt phn v xo i. Lm tng t vi hm di v c. Tip tc chn hai ng Isoparm vo c

By gi l mt cht tinh chnh vi hm trn

II. X l vi Polygon 1. Ghp ni v tinh chnh cc Polygon Sau khi chnh cho mt rng c hai h mt, ta hy chuyn ton b m hnh t NURBS sang POLYGON bng lnh Modify->Convert->Nurbs to Polygon vi tu chn l Control Vertex. Sau khi chuyn i ta s c m hnh di y.

Quay vo mt trong v chnh li cc im trong

Hy chn 6 mt sau v xo chng i bng cch bm Delete.

Tip tc xo cc mt sau

By gi ta hy di chuyn cc im hm trn n gn cc im hm di chun b ni chng li vi nhau

Chn hm di, chn hai cnh ra v dng lnh Edit Polygon->Extrude Face, ko chng ra nh trong hnh vung trng pha di GHI CH: Vi tt c cc lnh Extrude ta dng trong Tutorial ny (Extrude Face, Edge), cc bn nh lun kim tra xem Polygon->Tool Options->Keep Faces Together c c nh du cha; nu cha, hy nh du n.

Tip theo ta cn chia nh mt s Polygon. Vo Edit Polygon->Split Polygon Tool v thc hin phn chia cnh nh bn di, nh l thc hin hai ln v phn bn trong hm v phn ngoi khng lin nhau nn ta khng th k mt ng lin c.

Tip tc phn chia cnh di

Hy chn c hm di v hm trn, vo Polygon->Combine, c 2 khi Polygon l mt. Sau khi gn kt hai khi, by gi l lc ni cc im ca hm trn vi hm di. Vo Edit Polygon>Merge Vertices-> , chnh thng s nh sau

Tip n hy chn hai im k nhau hm trn v hm di, chn Edit Polygon->Merge Vertices, tip tc lm n khi tt c cc im cnh nhau c ghp ni

Ta c kt qu sau

Tip tc ghp u v c li, sau ni cc im

By gi l lc chia cc Polygon ra cho thch hp, hy xo cc cnh no bn thy b loi b v k thm cc ng phn chia Polygon bng lnh Edit Polygons->Split Polygon Tool

Kt qu s nh sau

. To cu trc mt: Dng cng c Edit Polygon->Split Polygon Tool v k 4 ng sau, tip n chn 2 mt va to thnh v xo chng i.

Tip tc dng Split Polygon Tool k ng sau

Sau khi hon thnh cc ng vin quanh mt, hy k thm hai ng n cnh mt, chn 2 im mi to thnh v Scale chng ra nh di y to hnh mt.

K thm 2 ng mi v sau xo bt mt s cnh c kt qu nh trong hnh vin trng

Chn cc cnh trong cng, dng lnh Edit Polygon->Extrude Edge 3 ln to hnh vm mt nh sau

To mt qu cu v a n vo v tr nh hnh di lm mt

By gi l cc bc hiu chnh hnh dng ngoi ca mt. u tin hy chn 8 im vin v ko chng ra, hy tip tc lm hiu chnh cc im

y l hnh dng mt m ta c c

Ko hnh cu mt ra mt t, ta s t n v tr ny hiu chnh mt

IV. Lm vic vi Subdiv: c th hiu mt khp vi cu mt, ta cn lm vic vi Suvdiv. Chn Modify->Convert>Polygon to Suvdiv-> , chnh

Maximun Base Mesh Faces: 1000 Maximum Edges Per Vertex: 32 Bm Create, ta to c mt Suvdiv, nhn chut phi vo n, Hotbox m ra, chn Vertex v bt u chn im hiu chnh

Hy hiu chnh cc im c c kt qu nh di y, vm mt ph kn cu mt

Tinh chnh li cc im trn u ca m hnh c c kt qu di

V. To cu trc ming: By gi hy chuyn m hnh t Subdiv sang li Polygon, vo Modify->Convert->Subdiv to Polygon-> , Chn Vertices v bm Convert, bn s chuyn m hnh t Subdiv sang li dng Polygon c. Dng Edit Polygon->Split Polygon Tool k mt ng nh sau hm trn

Lm tng t vi hm di

Chn cc mt nh hnh di

Dng Extrude face 2 ln c kt qu sau

Xo cc mt bn ngoi ra i

Chn cc mt hm di

Lm tng t nh vi hm trn, Edit Polygon->Extrude Face 2 ln v xo i cc mt ra

Dng Split Polygon Tool k ng sau.

Phng to hm trn ra v hy ni 8 im thnh 4 im nh hnh sau bng cch chn 2 im mt ln v dng lnh Edit Polygon->Merge Vertices

Chn c m hnh, Edit->Duplicate. Trong Chnh Scale X ca model va to ra l -1, ta s c hai m hnh p vo nhau. Chn c hai m hnh, a v ch Face v chn cc mt ming rng

Dng Extrude Face c kt qu sau

Hiu chnh li mt s im ming

Dng Split Polygon Tool k thm mt ng mi, ng ny s gip to dng cho phn ming tt hn khi chuyn sang Subdiv

a m hnh v Subdiv, bt sang ch X-ray v chnh cc im m hnh n khp vi hnh chiu

y l kt qu ta tm thi c c

Sau , chuyn v Polygon, k thm cc ng mi sau

Xo cc mt ra va to ra bng Extrude i

Kt qu m ta c c cui cng l nh sau, nu cha c c, bn a v Subdiv v tinh chnh n khi c kt qu ng nht

VI. Kt lun: Vy l bn i xong mt bi v Modelling vi ng dng tt c cc loi i tng m Maya c, bn c th pht trin tip bng cch v thm rng, cc vy, to l mi ....