Giải Thuật

p n
Thi ln 1, mn Gii thut(CD031); Lp 0556C1

Cu I (2.5 im): Cho mng gm 12 mu tin c kho l cc s nguyn: 12, 6, 10, 12,
15, 8, 5, 5, 15, 6, 1 v 7. Hy minh ho vic sp xp mng ny bng cc gii thut:
1. Sp xp chn (0,75 im).
a[9] a[10] a[11]
a[0]
a[1]
a[2]
a[3]
a[4]
a[5]
a[6]
a[7]
a[8]
Bu
12
10
12
15
15
B1
10
12
15
15
12
10
12
15
15
12
12
15
10
15
12
15
12
10
15
12
12
10
15
15
12
12
10
15
15
12
10
15
15
12
12
10
15
15
12
12
12
15
15
12
12
15
15
15
15
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
B9
B10
B11
2. Sp xp xen (0,75 im).

a[0]
a[1]
a[2]
a[3]
a[4]
a[5]
a[6]
a[7]
a[8]
a[9] a[10] a[11]
Bu
12
10
12
15
15
B1
12
B2
10
12
B3
10
12
12
B4
10
12
12
15
B5
10
12
12
15
B6
10
12
12
15
B7
10
12
12
15
B8
10
12
12
15
15
B9
10
12
12
15
15
B10
10
12
12
15
15
B11
10
12
12
15
15
3. QuickSort (1 im)
12
7
7
5
15
6
12
1
10
10
5
p=12
5
8
10
15
6
15
1
12
7
12
12
15
p=15
12
15
5
7
15
12
15
12
7
10
12
12
p=7
6
5
1
p=6
1
5
5
P=5
5
5
5
5
1
1
Kt qu sp xp:
1
5
1
6
10
7
p=10
7
8
8
8
7
15
15
10
p=8
7
10
12
12
15
15
Cu II (2 im): Cho tp tin bao gm cc mu tin vi gi tr kha l cc s nguyn

c t chc thnh B-cy bc 5 vi cc nt l cha c nhiu nht 3 mu tin nh
GC
sau.
27
P1
8
5 7
14
P2
16
22
8 9 12
14 15
16 18 19
L2
L3
L4
L1
35
22 23
40
27 28
L5
35
L6
40 41 43
L7
L8
1. V B-cy sau khi xen mu tin R c gi tr kha l 10 vo tp tin c biu din

bi B-cy ni trn (1 im).
GC
14
5 7
L1
8
L2
P1
9 10 12
L2
27
14 15
L3
16
P1
22
16 18 19
L4
22 23
L5
27 28
L6
35
P2
40
35
L7
40 41 43
L8
2. V B-cy sau khi xa mu tin R c gi tr kha l 35 ca tp tin c biu din

bi B-cy l kt qu ca cu II1(1 im).
p n Gii thut ln 1, Cao ng TH (0556C1)
GC
14
P1
8
5 7
L1
8
L2
9 10 12
L2
P2
14 15
L3
16
16 18 19
L4
22
22 23
L5
27
27 28
L6
40
40 41 43
L8
Cu III (2.5 im): Gi s c hai i A v B tham gia mt trn thi u th thao, i

no thng trc m hip th s thng cuc. Chng hn mt trn thi u bng chuyn 5
hip, i no thng trc 3 hip th s thng cuc. Gi s i A mnh gp i i B.
Gi P(i,j) l xc sut i A chin thng vi iu kin A cn thng thm i hip na
v B cn thng thm j hip na.
1. Thnh lp cng thc quy tnh P(i,j) (0,5 im) .
Khi i=0, tc l i A thng nn P(i,j) =1. Khi j=0, tc l i B thng nn
P(i,j)=0. Khi i v j u dng, do i A mnh gp i i B nn
2 P(i 1, j ) + P(i, j 1)
P (i, j ) =
3
Vy ta c cng thc tnh P(i,j) nh sau
P(i,j) =
1
Nu i = 0
P(i,j) =
0
Nu j = 0
P(i,j) =
(2P(i-1,j) + P(i,j-1))/3
Nu i > 0 v j > 0
2. Vit hm tnh P(i,j) bng k thut quy hoch ng (1 im).

float P(int i, int j) {
float C[10][10];
int k,l;
/* 1*/ for (k=1; k<=j; k++) *C[0,k] = 1.0;
/* 2*/ for (l=1; l<=i; l++) {
/* 3*/ *C[l,0] = 0.0;
/* 4*/ for (k=1; k<=j; k++) *C[l,k] = (2 * *C[l-1,k]+*C[l,k-1])/3;
}
return *C[i,j];
}
3. Tnh phc tp gii thut ca hm tnh P(i,j) cu III2 (1 im).
Vng lp /* 1*/ thc hin j ln, mi ln O(1) nn tn O(j).
Vng lp /* 4*/ thc hin j ln, mi ln O(1) nn tn O(j).
Lnh /* 3*/ tn O(1) nn c 2 lnh /* 3*/ v /* 4*/ tn O(j).
Vng lp /* 2*/ thc hin i ln, mi ln O(j) nn tn i*j. Trong trng hp xu nht,
c i v j u bng n th T(n) = O(n2)
Ngy 25-6-2007
Gio vin lm p n
Nguyn Vn Linh
p n Gii thut ln 1, Cao ng TH (0556C1)

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p n

Thi ln 1, mn Gii thut(CD031); Lp 0556C1

2. Sp xp xen (0,75 im).

a[9] a[10] a[11]

Cu II (2 im): Cho tp tin bao gm cc mu tin vi gi tr kha l cc s nguyn

1. V B-cy sau khi xen mu tin R c gi tr kha l 10 vo tp tin c biu din

2. V B-cy sau khi xa mu tin R c gi tr kha l 35 ca tp tin c biu din

Cu III (2.5 im): Gi s c hai i A v B tham gia mt trn thi u th thao, i

2. Vit hm tnh P(i,j) bng k thut quy hoch ng (1 im).

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