Personal Computers and Applications

Networking for Home and Small Businesses Chapter 1

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Objectives

Identify the purpose and uses of personal computers and describe local and network applications.
Compare and contrast different types of computing devices. Explain the binary representation of data. Determine appropriate components and peripheral devices to meet requirements.

Install, verify, and upgrade computer components and peripherals.

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Purpose and Uses of Personal Computers

Multiple uses for computers

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Computers need 3 things . . .

Hardware
Operating System Application Software

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Purpose and Uses of Personal Computers

Business & Industry
Medical Educational Legal

General Use
Used by a wide range of people Used for various services

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Types of Computing Devices

Different types of Computerseach one with a different purpose
Online Activity 1.2.1

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Types of Applications
Local runs on only one PC
Network runs over the network (the Internet)
Must have two components
runs on a local computer runs on a remote computer

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Types of Computing Devices

Servers keep in a secure location (Why??)
High performance computers which provide services to many clients Multiple CPUs

Loads of RAM
High capacity drives

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Types of Computing Devices

Desktop personal computer (PC)
Used to run everyday applications
Email Internet Word Processing Spreadsheet

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Types of Computing Devices

Workstation high powered computers
Features
Multiple processors Large amounts of RAM High capacity drives

Types of applications
Computer Aided Design (CAD)

3D
Video animation

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Types of Portable Computing Devices

Types and features of portable devices

Laptop AKA a Notebook Use of a docking station with a laptop allows for more connection options
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Binary Representation of Data

Humans use words and pictures to communicate

Computers use bits

1 or 0 (1=on; 0=off) just like a light switch 8 bits = 1 byte

Networkers need to be able to understand both

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Binary Representation of Data

Humans use the Base 10 numbering system, but computers only understand binary, so how do we communicate?? Simple Convert Base 10 to Binary Try these examples:
175

68
255
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What helps determine the speed?

Type of Media
UTP Cable Fiber Wireless

Type of file
Larger files require more time to download

Type of computer

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Binary Representation of Data

Measuring resolution and frequency
Pixels determines the resolution Hertz = how fast something recycle or refreshes

300 MHz = 300 million cycles/second

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Determining Appropriate Components and Peripheral Devices

Preassembled Advantages:
Lower Cost Performs most applications

Preassembled or Custom Built which one should you choose??

Preassembled Disadvantages:
May lack in performance

Custom Built Advantages:

Exact components Supports higher performance applications

Custom Built Disadvantages

Costly
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Determining Appropriate Components and Peripheral Devices

Motherboard
main circuit board
slots for network, video, and sound carts

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Determining Appropriate Components and Peripheral Devices

Central Processing Unit (CPU)
nerve center of the computer

Factors to remember when selecting your processor

higher speed = faster performance

more power = more heat

Bus
how data gets to its location (like a highway) faster bus = faster computer

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Determining Appropriate Components and Peripheral Devices

Random Access Memory (RAM)
temporary storage stores data while it is being processed by the CPU

Why would a user need more RAM?

Multiple applications running at the same time Multiple CPUs

Amount of RAM available is determined by the motherboard

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Determining Appropriate Components and Peripheral Devices

Adapter cards add functionality to a computer system

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Determining Appropriate Components and Peripheral Devices

Optical Drives
Use of laser beams to record information CD or DVD uses red laser Blue Ray uses blue-violet laser can hold up to 25GB of data

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Determining Appropriate Components and Peripheral Devices

Magnetic Drives
Hard

Drive

Floppy Drive Tape Drive

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Determining Appropriate Components and Peripheral Devices

Peripheral Devices
Added to the computer to expand its capabilities Different categories Input

Output
Storage Networking

Where do these devices fit??

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Determining Appropriate Components and Peripheral Devices

Surge Protector
prevents damage to the computer

UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply)

keeps charge of internal battery

provides backup power without interruption for a short period of time

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Install, Verify and Upgrade Components and Peripherals

Computer Repair Best Practices
Turn PC off and unplug power
Determine if the part is hot-swappable (if so, there is no need to turn off power before adding or removing the part)

Never open power supply or monitor

both contain high voltages

Be aware of Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)

transfers electricity from your body to electrical parts
ground yourself properly

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Install, Verify and Upgrade Components and Peripherals

Take the following precautions:
Determine if the component is hot swappable If in doubt, unplug it!! Attach grounding strap Remove old component Check the connection on the new component Should fit easily; if you have to force it, it probably doesnt belong there Place component in the correct slot

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Install, Verify and Upgrade Components and Peripherals

PS/2 - connects keyboard and mouse
USB connects many devices (PnP) Serial connects modems/printers

Parallel connects printer

VGA connects monitors RJ11 connects phone lines RJ45 connects to the network

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