BI TP HM NHIU BIN

1) Tm gi tr nh nht v gi tr ln nht ca hm f(x, y) = x

2
+ 2y
2
+ 4xy - 4x
trn min D: x > 0, y > 0, x + y s 3.

Gii

H

= + =
= + =
0 y 4 x 4 f
0 4 y 4 x 2 f
'
y
'
x

khng c nghim trong mim m x > 0, y > 0, x + y < 3. Do GTNN v
GTLN ca f ch t trn bin ca D.
Trn cc bin x = 0 ( 0 s y s 3); y = 0 (0 s x s 3) v x + y = 3 (0 s x s 3)
hm c 4 im nghi ng l M
1
(3; 0), M
2
(0; 3), M
3
(0; 0), M
4
(2; 0).
So snh gi tr ca f ti 4 im trn ta c
f
min
= - 4 ti M
4
(2; 0) v f
max
= 18 ti M
2
(0; 3).

2) Tm gi tr nh nht v gi tr ln nht ca hm f(x,y) = xy
2
trn tp
D = {(x,y): x
2
+ y
2
s 1}.
Gii
* im dng trong tp m x
2
+ y
2
< 1 l mi im c dng (x
0
, 0). Ta c
f(x
0
, 0) = 0.
* Trn bin: x
2
+ y
2
= 1 y =
2
x 1 f = -x
3
+ x (-1 s x s 1).
C 4 gi tr cn xt l
3 3
2
3
2
;
3
1
f =
|
|
.
|

\
|
;
3 3
2
3
2
;
3
1
f =
|
|
.
|

\
|

Vy f
min
=
3 3
2
ti
|
|
.
|

\
|

3
2
,
3
1
v f
max
=
3 3
2
ti
|
|
.
|

\
|

3
2
,
3
1
.

3) Tm gi tr nh nht v gi tr ln nht ca hm f(x, y) = x + y trn tp
D = {(x,y): x
2
+ y
2
s 1}

Gii

* im ti hn trong tp x
2
+ y
2
< 1

'
'
1
1
x
y
f
f

Khng c im ti hn
* Lp hm Lagrange:
2 2
( , , ) ( 1) F x y x y x y = + + +
Gii h
'
'
' 2 2
1 2 0
1 2 0
1 0
x
y
F x
F y
F x y

= + =
= + =
= + =

Ta c hai im ti hn

2 2
1
2 2
( , ) M ng vi
2
2
= v
1
( ) 2 f M = .

2 2
2
2 2
( , ) M ng vi
2
2
= v
1
( ) 2 f M = .
Vy
min
2 f = ti
2 2
1
2 2
( , ) M v
max
2 f = ti
2 2
2
2 2
( , ) M .