UNITED NATIONS

HUMANITARIAN UPDATE vol. 38

9 October – 22 October 2008

Office of the United Nations Humanitarian Coordinator in Kenya

HIGHLIGHTS
• More than 6,000 people were displaced by flash floods in Mandera district on 14 October and
three people are feared dead. Over 1,200 households were affected by flooding in Turkana.
• Food security is expected to deteriorate to extreme levels in parts of Northern and North Eastern
Kenya by March 2009.
• Clashes kill at least ten in the Mandera districts and the situation remains volatile along the
Somali border.
• At least eight “self-help” groups are in the process of relocating from IDP camps to land they
are collectively purchasing.
The information contained in this report has been compiled by OCHA from information received from the
field, from national and international humanitarian partners and from other official sources. It does not
represent a position from the United Nations. This report is posted on: http://ochaonline.un.org/kenya

I. General Overview

The Commission of Inquiry into the Post Election Violence (CIPEV) released its report on the
violence as part of the National Dialogue and Reconciliation process. The CIPEV was designed to
investigate the facts and circumstances surrounding the violence and the conduct of state security
agencies so as to recommend punitive measures to hold responsible parties accountable.

The Commission concluded that the violence was based on ethnicity and political leanings, which
was exacerbated by a collapse of the state institutions and security forces. The findings noted that
violence was spontaneous in some areas and more thoroughly planned in others, highlighting that
individuals, parties, and institutions were involved at various stages of planning and carrying out
the violence.

The increasing association of the presidency with the accrual of benefits to affiliated ethnic groups
was cited as fuelling the conflict. Inequities and economic marginalization were also noted as key
drivers of the conflict, particularly as disparities are viewed in ethno-geographic terms.

The Report recommended that a special

tribunal be set up within sixty days to seek
accountability from individuals who bear the
greatest responsibility for crimes during the
violence. Indeed, the identification and
prosecution of those responsible for the
PEV has become a key litmus test of
whether Kenya can overcome past cycles
of impunity and facilitate sustainable
reconciliation, however the list of those who
will be held accountable has not been
publically released.

His Excellency Kofi Annan, who mediated

the Kenya National Dialogue and
Reconciliation process, urged political
Flooding in Mandera district. Photo: Action Against Hunger (ACF).
October 2008. For more on floods in Kenya see page 2.
leaders, some of whom are already campaigning for the 2012 general elections, to focus on
implementing the recommendations of the CIPEV report, including the special tribunal, as well as
long-term reforms to address regional development imbalances; unemployment, particularly
among the youth; and constitutional reforms.

II. Humanitarian Situation

Floods

Heavy rains in parts of

Turkana from 4 to 7 October
caused flooding of the
Turkwel River which
Appx 1,800
reached up to one kilometre Households
inland from the rive banks. displaced
3 Missing
An assessment undertaken
by OCHA and the Kenya
Red Cross Society (KRCS)
on 15 October in Katilu
division concluded that the
floods caused serious
damage to crops, one
confirmed death and 16 Source: IRIN, 16 October.
missing people; a total of
1,262 households were
affected by the floods according to the KRCS.

Most of the households in the Katilu and Kainuk divisions rely on irrigated farming after cattle
rustling and the PEV led to their displacement and changes in their livelihoods from pastoralism to
sedentary farming. The flooded areas annually produced 292.4 MTs of maize for over 670
households; the KRCS projected that affected households would face food insecurity due to the
floods. Hundreds of those affected have moved to higher grounds, but require shelter, food and
other basic services. To meet urgent needs, the Government of Kenya, through the Provincial
Administration, has provided food assistance and the KRCS has distributed NFIs.

Around 6,000 thousand people were also displaced by flash floods in Mandera district on 14
October and three people are feared dead. The floods, as well as simultaneous replenishment of
a seasonal lagae (rivers), which cut through the town, were caused when the River Daua burst it
banks due to recent heavy rains in the Ethiopian highlands, submerged seven wells, damaged 189
permanent houses and shelters, surrounded seven schools with water, submerged 428 toilets and
two boreholes, washed away 1 km of water piping, disrupted water supply to the hospital and led
to the disappearance of countless livestock. Contaminated water sources and related disease
outbreak now threaten the 150,000 residents of Mandera Town.

Flooded road in Mandera on 14 October. Photo: ACF The same road in Mandera on 16 October. Photo: ACF
2
The KRCS and other partners have distributed non-food items (NFIs) to affected households,
provided latrine slabs, and distributed PUR sachets and aqua tabs to avoid outbreaks of water
borne diseases. UNICEF also supported the repair of damaged water supply systems. The
Government has provided some food assistance to 920 affected families. UNICEF and WHO
dispatched relief supplies from warehouses in Garissa while line ministries and local partners
sourced items in local warehouses.

According to the KRCS, remaining urgent needs include food assistance for 1,000 households for
one month; NFIs for 2,000 households; dignity packs; latrines for
1,000 households; aqua tabs and PUR sachet; and support for
Koromey village,
the transport of relief items. clashes resulted in 2
deaths on 16
October and 3 more
Pastoralists Livelihoods & Resource-based Conflicts on 21 October;
Bulla Kamour,
iGari clashes resulted in 5
The floodwaters receded quickly deaths on 18
owing to the very dry soil in the October
affected areas in Mandera. However,
the damage caused by the floods
requires urgent attention.
Furthermore, displacement caused by
the floods has exacerbated inter-clan
tensions. According to Practical
Action (PA), clashes erupted in
Koromey village, five kilometres from
Mandeara town on 16 October when
clan members displaced by the floods
sought refuge on land from another
clan. Two persons were killed in the Same road in Mandera after floodwaters receded on 16
October. Photo: ACF Gari/Warankara
clashes and KRCS reported that 31 area, where clashes
houses were destroyed. Another resulted in four
deaths on 16
clash in the Warankara area resulted October.
in four deaths on 16 October. Local
media reported that inter-clan
skirmishes led to five more deaths on
18 October in Bulla Kamour near
Mandera town while three more were
killed on 21 October in Koromey.
Areas where clashes have erupted in Mandera, Kenya. For a map of the
affected area see ochaonline.un.org/kenya
Authorities have instituted a curfew
and deployed security personnel to
quell the violence, which has yet to abate. Local media reported that the road between Mandera
town and El Wak town remained insecure through 21 October.

Conversely, drought conditions are also sparking clashes in areas that have not been affected by
floods. In Tana River district IRIN reported that a herdsman was killed in an area that has not
received rainfall for several months. KRCS noted that pastoralists have been forced to migrate
further distances, sometimes onto competing clan areas, in search of scarce water and pasture
resources.

Drought

Some areas affected by floods are concurrently experiencing

drought. The successive failed rains in the arid and semi-arid
land (ASAL) areas in North East and Northern Provinces has
precipitated the slow onset of drought conditions. There was
increased rainfall between 12 September and 11 October,
above normal in the northwest (see green areas on map) but

FEWSNET/NOAA, Rainfall anomalies between 12

September and 11 October. 3
still below normal in the northeast (areas in yellow on
“anomalies” map). FEWS NET notes that though
pastoral and agro-pastoral activity may improve and
water resources may be recharged, the rains cannot fully
reverse the impacts of degraded pasture and livestock
lost throughout the ASALs over successive seasons.
Furthermore, continued drought conditions throughout
the region in neighbouring Somalia and Ethiopia (see
yellow areas along Kenya’s borders) could further
aggravate regional competition for pasture and water.

Indeed, FEWS NET’s Hazard’s Impact Assessment for

Africa 16-22 October, shows that much of northern
Kenya, remains affected by a severe drought, as well
as at coastal areas (see brown areas on map). The
recently flooded portion of Turkana district is
highlighted as improving (see area 2 on map) due to
the rainfall received. (For the complete Update see www.fews.net)

Food Security
FEWSNET, Hazards Impact for Africa. 16-22
October.
The Kenya Food Security Outlook highlighted there
are currently high levels of food insecurity in the same
areas affected by drought, including the northern
eastern and north-western pastoral areas as well as
the some areas on the coast (see map below).

Insecurity was caused by several factors in the pastoralist areas according to the Outlook. Poor
rains led to early livestock migrations, which weakened herds and predisposed them to diseases,
including Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR). Scarce pasture and water resources also fuelled
clashes and displacements in Mandera, as described above. Furthermore, lack of adequate water
led to spread of communicable diseases, which have a synergistic relationship to malnutrition.

According to the Outlook, maize production was 10% below the average in agricultural areas at 2.3
million MTs, which is below the 2007 level of 2.52 million MTs and the three-year average of 2.58
million MTs. Reduced productivity is attributed to poor rainfall in the central highlands, Southern
Rift Valley and marginal agricultural areas. Furthermore, high input costs led to sub-optimal
application of fertilizers and use of inappropriate seeds.

It is estimated that approximately 1.38 million people in rural areas are currently highly food
insecure and will require food assistance through March 2009. Furthermore, rising food prices had
led to food insecurity in urban areas, affecting 3.5 to 4.1 million people. Since these food deficit
populations are nearly totally dependent on the market to access their food, high prices and static
incomes leaves them vulnerable.

Regarding the food security of communities affected by the PEV, the Kenya Food Security
Steering Group (KFSSG) undertook a Rapid Assessment of PEV-Affected Areas to determine the
caseload of those who will require food assistance after the long rains harvest. It was concluded
that there was a 22% shortfall in production in these areas, and Uasin Gishu district was the most
severely affected.

Factors that reduced production in PEV-affected areas were similar to those that affected national
production, including delayed cultivation due to displacement, as well as insufficient access to
inputs. It was concluded that PEV-affected farming communities were at variable stages of food
security; to obtain food security, some only required increased access to farming inputs,
complemented by a decline in food assistance; some had been able to resume faming and were
no longer reliant on food assistance; and some would continue to require food assistance through
the short-rains period because they had not been able to resume cultivation.

4
Given the current food security situation, current food stocks and the projected imports, the
Outlook highlights that there will be a shortfall in meeting the annual 3.2 million MT of maize
needs; the Government plans to import maize to close this gap.

Current food security situation, Kenya Food Security Most likely food security situation December 2008-March
Outlook, October 2008. FEWSNET, USAID, Ministry of 2009, Kenya Food Security Outlook, October 2008.
Agriculture (MOA) and WFP. FEWSNET, USAID, Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) and WFP.

According to the Outlook the most likely food security forecast for the period from December 2008
– March 2009 indicates that the north eastern areas are expected to receive adequate rainfall
between October and December 2008, which could facilitate the recovery from high food insecurity
towards moderate food insecurity. However, some areas of Turkana could continue to face
insecurity, precipitated by continued inter-clan conflicts which reduces pastoralists’ access to
pasture and markets; the continued spread of PPR; and the fact that many pastoralists households
have already lost critical livestock assets which they cannot recoup, even with improved rains.

The northern and north eastern regions are expected to fare much worse between December and
March 2009 due to forecasts of normal to below-normal rains between October and December,
according to the most likely scenario in the Outlook. Mandera and Marsabit, portions of which are
already highly food insecure, are expected to deteriorate to extreme food insecurity; the remaining
areas of North Eastern Province are all expected to deteriorate into high food insecurity.
Insufficient rains, in some areas recently ravaged by floods, will severely impact the predominately
pastoralist households whose resilience and coping mechanisms have already been eroded by
successive failed rains. Water and pasture will become increasingly scarce, which is likely to
continue to fuel clashes and insecurity. Furthermore, under this scenario, livestock body
conditions will deteriorate and will be increasingly susceptible to livestock diseases.

Under the most likely scenario, 1.6 million in rural areas will also require continued food assistance
and those in major urban areas will continue to be food insecure.

The Outlook includes a set of recommendations to mitigate the expected deterioration of food
security, which include: expansion of supplementary feeding to pre-empt growing malnutrition in
the northwest and northeast; restoration of an expanded school feeding programme; conduct of an
urban vulnerability assessment to help target interventions appropriately; implementation of a
safety nets for urban poor; rehabilitation of water points; enhancement of diseases surveillance;
vaccination of livestock; and encouragement of proactive livestock herd management practices.

5
Security
The security situation in Mandera, North Eastern Province remains very volatile, has regional
dimensions that are affecting programme delivery. In addition to the clashes outlined above, a
Government of Kenya (GoK) vehicle was hijacked near Mandera Town on 7 October, the third
carjacking over the preceding three-week period. Police escorts are necessary when travelling in
the area and all areas along the international boundary with Somalia, including Mandera town and
Elwak remained generally insecure due to increased encroachment by militants.



The security situation in the Nakuru ASK Showground IDP camp deteriorated during the reporting
period. Based on discontent with the Government’s proposal to distribute “start up funds” in areas
of return, tension escalated the week of 6 October. UN Department of Safety and Security also
reported that leaders had highlighted that criminals had infiltrated the camp, which has contributed
to an increase in violent crime in areas near the camp.

Tensions were reported in Elbourgon, Molo district on 14 October when community members set
up a roadblock in an attempt to revenge the reported killing of two from another community.

UNDSS reported that on 10 October, bandits killed a police officer and a student during a cattle
raid in Trans Nzoia district.

Population Movements and Displacement Trends

The Ministry of State for Special Programmes (MoSSP) reported that there were an estimated
3,570 households remaining in three main IDP camps and three small camps in Mount Elgon
district as of 13 October. However, the numbers are fluctuating as households pursue return
options, including the formation of “self-help” groups to facilitate relocation, or the movement to
transit sites. As of 15 October, approximately 248,047 IDPs had returned from IDP camps to pre-
displacement areas and transit sites. The MoSSP noted that there were at least 54,000 IDPs in
transit sites as of 13 October; KRCS and WFP are distributing food assistance to at least 128,119
IDPs, as of 28 September.

South Rift Valley

Nakuru District
The authorities in Nakuru district have been addressing the residual caseload of IDPs in the
Nakuru ASK Showground IDP camp, which is approximately 4,225 (KRCS/WFP) most of whom
plan to relocate to collectively purchased areas. However, comprehensive and appropriate
disaggregated data on the relocating groups is not available. This is making it difficult to plan for
the provision of basic services, such as school capacity and latrines, which will be needed at the
sites. The groups noted that they are primarily comprised of female-headed households and other
vulnerable groups, which will necessitate that interventions and support are targeted accordingly.
All groups noted that they urgently require shelter support to facilitate their relocation.

The following groups have registered with the Ministry of Gender and Child Affairs.

Relocation Relocation Origin Number of IDPs Status

Site Group Camp relocating
Nyahururu, Rift Valley Nakuru ASK 2,125 household Movement to the site began on 15 October and
Nyandurua IDPs Showground was concluded on 17 October. On a follow up
district Community IDP Camp visit to the relocation site, authorities noted that
Based blankets, tents and NFIs were required to
Organization meet urgent needs of the households. The
majority of those households who relocated
had been paid the Government “start-up” funds
of Ksh10,000 (USD 143).
Pipeline II Molo IDPs Nakuru ASK 160-200 Plans are underway for the group to move to a
Area, Nakuru Squatters Showground six-acre plot.
district Group IDP Camp
Pipeline I Makangweni Nakuru ASK 500 IDPs are from Makengwni farm displaced by
Area, Nakuru Squatters Showground Households their former employer at the who they claim
district IDP Self Help IDP Camp owed them Ksh 300 million. They are seeking

6
 Group legal advice to pursue their case.

Preparations of the relocation site are

underway. The district authorities are planning
to provide required sanitation, education,
health, and electricity facilities for the site. A
geo-physical survey for borehole drilling in the
area has been undertaken and the Redeemed
Gospel Church will provide water in the interim.
Group hopes to rent nearby farms and start
cultivating crops as well as start small
businesses. However, they require farm inputs
and capital to start their businesses.
Ngata Area, Minto IDP Nakuru ASK 441
Nakuru Self Help Showground Households Planning is underway for the IDPs to relocate.
district Group IDP Camp The DC requested partners to support the
preparation of the relocation area with
sanitation and associated trainings.

Molo District
The district authorities attempted to distribute the shelter assistance (Ksh25,000 – USD 357) to
households at the Karirikanya transit site, Molo district on 14 October. However, some households
are already benefitting from the UNHCR-Danish Refugee Council shelter project and major
concerns were raised by IDP households when it was clarified that each household qualified for
only one type of shelter assistance, either the funds or the provision of shelter. Misperceptions
related to entitlements are prohibiting some households from returning.

Approximately 200 IDP households living in communities in the Kenyoya area, Molo district
expressed discontent that they were not receiving assistance; the last distribution they received
was in March 2008. The KRCS and WFP shifted to a new approach in Molo and Kipkelion
districts, which will facilitate the targeting of IDPs living in communities as well as the “self-help”
groups relocating to collectively purchased land. More information on this approach will be
available shortly.

Naivasha District
There are three relocation sites in Naivasha district, Mai Mahiu A, Mai Mahiu B and Mai Mahiu B1.

Relocation Origin Camp # of IDPs Status

Site relocating
Mai Mahiu Naivasha Stadium 150 IDPs have relocated to the site.
A Camp households
The group reported that they expect to receive the
Government shelter support (Ksh 25,000) but that they
were concerned that would be required to purchase the
shelter materials from the vendor provided by the
Government, which they were not amenable to.
Mai Mahiu Narok DC’s IDP 60
B: Camp households
Mai Mahiu Naivasha Stadium 15
B1 IDP Camp Households

Discussions with the local water committee are ongoing to facilitate access to water to all three
relocation sites. The groups have all appealed for assistance to re-start their livelihood, as well as
support to purchase more land on which to expand their settlements.

North Rift Valley

Uasin Gishu District

Approximately 315 IDPs remain in the Burnt Forest IDP camp; they are primarily comprised of non-
land owning, non-farmers, who rented apartments and ran small businesses. They have not been
paid the Government “start-up” funds and are unable to move from the Camp without assistance.
Approximately one third of the remaining population are female-headed households.

7
The Current population of the Eldoret ASK Showground IDP Camp remains at approximately
2,000 IDPs.

Relocation Origin # of IDPs Status

Site Camp relocating
Yamumbi Eldoret 160 On 9 October the group moved to the site. The “self help” group has rented
Farm ASK IDP Households two acres until December 2009. Piped water and latrines have been
Camp prepared at the site, UNHCR provided the group with NFIs and KRCS
provided latrine slabs. The households plan to use tents before the shelter is
established. The Group will try to rent farm area nearby on which to cultivate
and households hope that the Government will provide assistance to help
them start businesses. Many in the group have not received the
Government “start-up” funds of Ksh10,000.
Kaptagat Kedoret Not known Land has been donated by an individual in the pre-displacement area after
ASK IDP local chief insisted that the displaced group be provided land. IDPs are
Camp awaiting the establishment of infrastructure (water and sanitation, which the
community is working on. The group plans to farm when they relocate.

Kwanza District
Sixteen households from the closed Endebess IDP camp have developed a makeshift transit site
next to the DC’s office while they are waiting for the Government’s decision regarding their
payment. They have appealed for food, NFIs, tents and health services.

Relocatio Relocation Origin # of IDPs Status

n Site Group Camp relocating
Zea Farm Unassisted Endebess 43 The ½ acre of land was purchased using the
Endebess IDP Camp, households Government “start-up” funds on 2 September. However,
IDP Kwanza the land is insufficient to sustain the group: the soil is
Landless District waterlogged so they cannot farm and latrines cannot be
Group built; and they are approximately seven kilometers from
a water source, health facility and school. They hope to
receive assistance to expand their plot and rent arable
land to cultivate. They are currently in need of tents,
NFIs, latrine slabs and food assistance.

Turkana Central and South Districts

There are four IDP camps remaining in Turkana.
IDP Camp District IDP Most IDPs in these camps were provided the
Population
Government “start-up” funds and some NFIs.
Kanamkeri IDP Turkana 695 people
camp Central district However, the Government has identified land on
Nakim IDP Camp Turkana 250 people which those at the Kalemngoro Camp will relocate;
South district IDPs at the other camps are now awaiting similar
Kalemngorok Turkana 259 assistance and all are expecting the Government
IDP Camp South district households
shelter project distribution of Ksh25,000.
Nyangaita IDP Turkana 105
Camp South district households

II. Humanitarian Response (See Annex I for cluster response matricies)

CCCM

UNHCR and partner agencies are conducting a mapping exercise of transit sites in the Rift Valley.
Preceding the exercise, UNHCR conducted trainings on the use of Global Positioning Systems
equipment for partners in Eldoret, Kitale, and Nakuru. To date 29 sites have been mapped.

Food Assistance

September distributions are continuing into October, and have experienced some delays. In the
North Rift, 127,236 beneficiaries will be targeted in the September distributions; to date 88% of the
distribution has been covered with 22% still pending in Koibatek and Nandi North districts. The
Government directive to reduce the number of permitted axels from four to three, has reduced the

8
capacity of trucks, slowed the pipeline and caused delays. WFP is negotiating favourable rates
with transporters to ensure the food supply is not interrupted. Additionally, poor road conditions
from the ongoing rains have impaired accessibility to some distribution points.

IDPs relocating from the Nakuru ASK IDP Showground received food rations during the
September distribution. A contract between the Baringo District Steering Group and WFP is being
finalized for WFP to assume food distribution and WFP is pre-positioning food in the ASALs in
anticipation of transportation challenges during the long rains. Academic Model for the Prevention
and Treatment of HIV AMPATH reported that they have sufficient stock to maintain their
supplementary feeding programme for people living with HIV and AIDS through December.

The Nutrition Cluster is reporting that targeting has been a problem in the ASALs, particularly in
Turkana as beneficiaries targeted for supplementary feeding have been excluded from general
food distributions. The cluster will be addressing the issue with the District Steering Groups.

Education

The Ministry of Education (MoE) has requested that the education clusters be formed in all areas with
emergencies. In response, a cluster group is going to be established in Garissa. UNICEF is providing
education supplies to support three schools in Mandera that were closed due to flooding.

The cluster is raising concerns about access to education in areas where groups are collectively
relocating. A child protection and education team will visit the Nyandarua relocation site, where 2,125
households from Nakuru Showground are relocating and where it is reported that there are no
education facilities. A plan to meet the education needs in the area will be developed.

The primary school in Eldoret ASK Showground Camp will remain open until the end of the third term
to enable candidates to sit for the national examination. Provisions were made for fourth form
candidates to be accommodated at the St. Elizabeth Secondary School.

During the week of 6 October, MoE officials, Provincial Directors of Education, UNICEF and cluster
partners carried out a Joint Review Mission in selected institutions implementing the Kenya Education
Sector Support Programme in Nyanza province. See Annex I for a summary of the findings.

Protection

In missions to transit sites in Molo District, returnees alleged that a percentage of the Government
payments were being withheld as fees. Returnees reported that they were told not to complain
and felt that they had no recourse to address the issue. The International Rescue Committee (IRC)
in Kitale also reported that women receiving the KSh25,000 shelter payment were forced to pay a
fee of KSh12,000. The women reported the incident to the DC and IRC has contacted Moi School
of Law to provide pro bono services to address the situation.

UNHCR monitoring missions of 13 transit sites in Keringet Division, Molo District, found that
insecurity is still a problem in areas of return. Returnees reported malicious grazing and theft of
food rations and expressed concerns about walking long distances.

UNHCR found that Sabaot Land Defence Force (SLDF) rebels were harassing IDPs in the
Gitwamba and Nasianda transit sites, Trans Nzoia district and observed that there is an insufficient
Administrative Police presence in the area.

The Gender-based Violence (GBV) Sub-Cluster has finalized arrangements for transitioning to the
Gander Commission. The transition will bring in key stakeholders from the Government. The
Gender Commission is developing a GBV framework to ensure the sustainability of the transition
and the current sub-cluster chair will transition to the National Commission on Gender and
Development and will continue to oversee the four field-based GBV advisors in Nairobi/Nyeri,
Kisumu, Eldoret, and Nakuru.

During a joint mission by UNHCR and MoSSP counsellors, women in Ampiva, Nakuru North
District, expressed concerns that increasing frustration and consumption of alcohol due to lack of
livelihood recovery could result in increased cases of GBV, though no incidents of GBV have

9
occurred. Moreover, the community had little knowledge on available legal support. The team
provided information on the appropriate steps to report GBV incidents. In the North Rift, AMPATH
will provide legal counselling to GBV survivors at Moi teaching and Referral Hospital.

Shelter and Non Food Items

Agencies implementing shelter projects have expressed a need for increased coordination to
prevent the duplication of benefits for some households while others are omitted. The government
is providing the KSh25,000 shelter grant, IOM, KRCS, GOAL and UNHCR through Danish
Refugee Council are constructing shelters, and Catholic Relief Services are issuing KSh15,000
vouchers for shelter.

The Permanent Secretary of the MoSSP reported that funds are available to provide 17,000
households with the KSh25,000 shelter grant. The grants will be administered by the Provincial
Commissioners through the DCs. However, there is confusion in many districts as to whether
recipients of in-kind shelter support from partners and whether those who were non-land owners at
the time of displacement will be eligible for the grant. The cluster is emphasizing the need to target
groups relocating to collectively purchased plots of land in shelter projects, as they are not
currently receiving the government KSh25,000 shelter grant.

Some recipients of the KSh25,000 shelter grant have been unable to procure shelter materials. In
Uasin Gishu, construction poles are not locally available; the district authorities are providing 25
poles to beneficiaries of the shelter grant.

Returnees to Karirikania transit site, Molo District, told an OCHA mission that even though some
households had benefited from transitional shelter kits, they were reluctant to return due to
insecurity in the area. The shelter project is targeting the most vulnerable households who feel
that without a larger presence of returnees, security patrols will not cover the areas of return and
they will be more vulnerable if they leave the transit site.

Health

International Medical Corps is conducting a nutrition and health needs assessment in Trans Nzoia
East and West, Kwanza, and southern Mt. Elgon Districts. They have trained nurses and
provincial health technicians to maintain community health activities after the organization leaves
the region.

Water Sanitation Hygiene

A lack of funding for WASH projects continues to constrain activities. Participation at district
WESCOORD meetings has been declining as implementing organizations conclude their projects.
There is an emerging lack of coordination in the Kisumu Hub as WESCOORD committees
perceive their mandate to be limited to the IDP emergency and consider the emergency to have
ended with Operation Rudi Nyumbani (Return Home). However, access to clean water and
sanitation facilities in the transit sites and return areas continues to pose significant challenge.

The historic tensions over access to water in Molo District were exacerbated during the PEV and
resulted in significant damage to water sources. WASH activities from the Nakuru hub have
centred in Molo District, with the hope that improved access to water for all communities, coupled
with peace and reconciliation efforts, will help reduce tensions.

For more information, please contact:

Jeanine Cooper, Head of Office, OCHA-Kenya, +254 (20)7625155, jeanine.cooper@undp.org.

Alfred Nabeta, Desk Officer, Africa I Section, OCHA-New York, +1 917 367 2649, nabeta@un.org.

Stephanie Bunker, Spokesperson and Public Information Officer, OCHA-New York,

+1 917 367 5126, +1 917 892 1679 (mobile), bunker@un.org.

Elisabeth Byrs, Public Information Officer, OCHA-Geneva, +41 22 917 2653, byrs@un.org.

10
 Annex I: Cluster Response Activities and Mission Findings
Education
The following table highlights the findings of the Joint Review Mission in selected institutions
implementing the Kenya Education Sector Support Programme in Nyanza province.
AREA OF FOCUS KEY FINDINGS
• Provision of grants have led to
increased access in most
schools
• High number of Orphans and
Vulnerable Children (OVCs),
including IDPs
ACCESS TO • Unfriendly learning
EDUCATION environment in most schools
due to poor sanitation and
inadequate seating
• Generally, utilization of the
EFFECTIVE grants is good in most schools
UTLIZATION OF • Children with special needs
SCHOOL have not been fully catered for
IMPROVEMENT despite the fact that the MoE
GRANTS has sent grants to schools
with special units.
• The quality is generally up to
standard, but in some cases
QUALITY OF
the quality of structures was
INFRASTRUCTURE
poor and rehabilitation work
substandard.
• There are key resource
teachers (KRTs) in primary
schools, but they are reluctant
to implement school
QUALITY OF empowerment and teacher
PRIMARY TEACHER development as expected.
EDUCATION • Lack of vital internet facilities
where there are computers.
• Resources for ICT integration
and bursaries have been
received and well utilized in
some institutions.
• EMIS programme has not fully
been rolled out; still at district
level yet to be realized at
DATA COLLECTION
school level.
AND PROCESSING AT
• Quality and appropriateness
VARIOUS LEVELS
of data coming from schools
are unsatisfactory, no uniform
format and disaggregation.
• There are various
development partners
supporting education.
RESOURCE
MOBILIZATION
• Most IDPs have been placed
in schools.
• Some teachers left because of
PEV.
• Some schools with IDPs
EMERGENCY NEEDS
received instructional
materials from partners but
needs were overwhelming.
• Some IDPs are staying with
care givers.
CHALLENGES
• Inadequate/overstretched
facilities
• Teacher shortages
• Drop outs due to child labour,
poverty and social-cultural
factors
• No trained teachers for skills
training.
• Out of school youth that require
support and grants
• Most back up/volunteer teachers
not trained
• Weaknesses in procurement
processes.
• Most schools did not have
school improvement plans.
• Weakness in enforcing the
guidelines on maintenance and
replacement of text books.
• Inadequate supervision of works.
• Institutions have not fully
embraced the use of IT.
• Computer literacy levels are low.
• The programme of KRTs was
not fully understood and owned.
• Lack of skilled personnel in
EMIS at the district level.
• Lack of internet connection in
most of the districts.
• Harmonization and coordination
of resource and service
providers.
• Poor Management of CBF
bursaries.
• Students were reluctant to apply
for bursaries.
• Overstretched facilities
• Lack of instructional materials for
schools hosting IDPs.
WAY FOWARD
• Target the affected schools for
infrastructure support.
• Schools to set standard and
adhere to it on who qualifies as a
volunteer teacher.
• Volunteer teachers should be
paid and trained from grants
provided.
• Procurement processes need to
be strengthened and closely
monitored at all levels.
• Need for continuous training for
school managers.
• Enforcement of maintenance
and replacement guidelines.
• Ministry of Public Works and
Public Health should be
engaged in all construction for
quality assurance.
• The institution should strengthen
use of ICT.
• There is need for more
sensitization on the general
principle of school based
teachers development (SbTD).
• Need to revise the selection
criteria of the KRTs.
• There is need to cascade
training in order to roll out and
operationalize EMIS, including in
the new districts.
• Harmonization of provider’s
activities.
• Sensitization of parents and
students to apply for bursaries.
• Review the targeting criteria for
bursaries to make it more
inclusive.
• Target schools in Nyanza which
were affected by PEV and were
left out during the rapid
assessment.
• IDPs require psycho-social
support and special assistance.
11
 Protection

Who Place and date Activity/ Report

Nakuru Two training workshops on the prevention of sexual exploitation and abuse for
14-15 October 29 participants from Nakuru North District and 20 participants from Molo
District drawn from district authorities, KRCS, Ministry of State and Special
Programmes, the media, and humanitarian agencies.
UNHCR Kisumu Facilitated a training of trainers workshop on empowering men on the
6-9 October prevention of SGBV. In Kisumu, 32 representatives from UN angencies,
MEGEN Eldoret NGOs, community-based organizations, the community and IDPs
13-16 October participated.

UNHCR Ampiva, Nakuru Conducted sensitization activities in GBV and psycho-social issues.
MoSSP North
9 October
Desert Run Garissa The Desert Run Marathon was held to raise funds to promote the education of
10 October girls in North Eastern Province. The organizers continue their request for
donations of education materials.
OFDA, CRS, Endebess, Ongoing counselling targeting girls aged 12-27 who admitted exchanging sex
Kitale Diocese Kiminini, for money and handouts, referral of GBV survivors, and GBV and sexual
Cherangani, and exploitation and abuse awareness activities.
Saboti

Shelter and NFIs

Who Where When What

KRCS 3 return sites in Uasin Gishu 9 October 547 blankets, 547 bars of soap, 19 family kits, 2
kitchen sets and 2 UNHCR tents.
UNHCR 92 families in Mai Mahiu ‘A’ 10 October Soap, mosquito nets, blankets, 37 tents (A); 36
Nakuru and ‘B’ Return Areas tents, 13 family kits and blankets (B); jerrycans,
sanitary pads (A & B)
KRCS 6 return sites in Uasin Gishu. Week 665 blankets, 665 bars of soap, 23 family kits, 9
The remaining 17 of 26 commencing kitchen sets and 9 UNHCR tents
assessed return sites will 13 October
receive distribution week of 27
Oct.
UNHCR NAKA Self-Help Group – 160 14 October 20 UNDP tents, 20 family kits, 40 jerrycans, 160
Eldoret households (659 individuals) blankets and 160 bars of soap.
on two acres of rented land in
Yamumbi
UNHCR IDPs in return area in 17 October 100 tents, 200 mosquito nets, 100 blankets, 100
Nakuru Nyandarua North district who jerry cans, 5 cartons of soap and 500 sanitary
had left from Nakuru ASK towels
Showground Camp (via
MoSSP officials)
KRCS Flood affected areas in Ongoing Identifying 2000 vulnerable households to target
Mandera in the distribution of : 2000 tarpaulins, 2000
kitchen sets, 4000 jerrycans, 4000 blankets,
4000 mosquito nets, 8000 bars of soap.

Health
Who Place and date Activity/ Report
OFDA, CRS & Limuru, Tigoni, Kikuyu Mobilization of five support groups and counselling and referral services
Arch Diocese and Muguga for 79 IDPs.
Nairobi

Water Sanitation Hygiene

Who Place Activity/ Report

UNICEF Nakuru, Providing 500 pot filters to each District Water Officer (DWO) for distribution at the
Molo household level.
Action Aid KenyaNakuru Ongoing WASH campaign in schools, including the facilitation of roof catchments in 7
schools in Molo and Kipkelion districts and support of child to child hygiene promotion.
De-sludging and chlorination of well water for returnee farmers.

12
Tulwet Women’sMolo Rehabilitating of community water supply scheme serving 5,000ppl. Project supported
Project by UNICEF and the DWO.
District Water Molo Rehabilitating of three vandalized water supply schemes in Tayari, Kasarani and
Offices (DWO) Keringet.
Drilling a borehole in Muache.
Construction of Kapkures Dam.
KRCS Molo Shallow well protection in 3 schools in addition to construction of water harvesting
systems in 10 schools—6 are completed and construction is ongoing on the remaining 4.
Rehabilitation of vandalized water supply schemes: Total Borehole and Muache Spring
Protection.
DWO & Trans Completed rehabilitating of spring s in the Tulwet and Getetwapa transit sites and
ICRC Nzoia West continuing to clean and chlorinate shallow wells providing water to transit sites with the
support of UNICEF.
Catholic Relif Usain Constructing of latrines, extension of water supplies and hygiene promotion targeting
Services Gishu teachers and pupils in 9 schools with the support of UNICEF—construction has been
completed in 6 schools.
Cluster PartnersRift Valley Ongoing rehabilitation of shallow wells with CERF funding—80 in the North Rift, 80 in the
South Rift, 40 Nyando and Kisumu East and West.
UNICEF & Nyando, Conducting a detailed assessment of 100 wells to determine status of wells, scope of
Lake Victoria Kisumu, work and GPS for mapping. The project is part of a Dutch funded GOK UNICEF WASH
South Water Rachuonyo, project.
Services & Bondo
Board
UNICEF Kisumu Supporting the installation of roof catchment tanks and hygiene promotion in 14 schools-
8 tanks have been installed.
KRCS, Undertaking cholera control activities, including the distribution of materials and supplies.
MoPHS, UNICEF supplied the Public Health Office in Rachuongo district 200 plastic latrine slabs
UNICEF to distribute in the cholera prone West Karachuonyo district.

Early Recovery

Who Place and date Activity/ Report

OFDA, CRS & Migori and Suba • Providing basic trainings on starting income generating activities.
Hoam Bay districts
Diocese
CRS/OFDA & Nakuru, Eldoret, • Organization of children’s activities focusing on peace, reconciliation, and
SCUK Nairobi protection through songs, poems, debates and recreational activities.
• Organization of football matches between communities in Nakuru and Molo
districts.
• Establishment of a peace building manual. .
OFDA, CRS,& Coast Province • Facilitated training of trainers workshop on conflict transformation.
CICC • Supporting peace forums in Mosques and Churches and sensitization of
women, children and community leaders on peace issues.
CRS, AusAID, Uasin Gishu, • Facilitating weekly peace meetings in Burnt Forest and Yamumbi
Catholic Diocese Nakuru, & • Initiating a connector for peace road and bridge construction project liking
Kericho Yamumbi and Kapteldon communities.
• Supporting 2 inter-ethnicity community cultural festivals and two youth
activities for peace in Kuresoi district.
• Facilitating intra and inter-ethnic meetings in Kipkelion district.
• Organized a site conflict transformation workshop for twenty participants in
Sotik district.

13