CONCRETE JOINTS SECTION 4C SPECIFICATIONS 1-GENERAL The Contractor shall furnish and install joints in concrete, sealants, water

stops, and accessories as shown on the Contract Drawings and specified herein. Concrete joints include construction, expansion, isolation and control joints and shall be of the type shown on the Drawings and/or specified herein. 2-SHOP DRAWINGS Inasmuch as shop drawings are required by the section entitled Reinforcing Steel, that includes expansion joints, isolation joints and control joints, separate shop drawings will not be required here. The placing of concrete shall be carried on continuously between concrete construction joints, and the work shall be prosecuted so that such joints will occur in the locations designated by the Contractor on the shop drawings. If the Contractor proposes to modify such locations or add intermediate concrete joints, he shall submit to the Engineer additional marked-up prints of the previous shop drawing submittal showing location, extent and type of joints proposed. Such submittals shall be made well in advance of construction, and the proposed joints shall be incorporated in the work only after the Engineers approval of the marked-up drawings. Submit a minimum of seven (7) copies of each drawing. Installation of such additional intermediate concrete joints shall not relieve the Contractor of his responsibility to produce a watertight and/or structurally adequate structure, or any component thereof. 3-MATERIALS Construction joints for interruptions in slabs on grade concrete placements shall be fabricated from 18 gage galvanized steel shaped to form a tongue and groove mechanical key joint. Preformed knockout holes shall be provided at 6 on center. The unit shall be the same depth as the concrete. The units shall be the Vulco Screed Joint II (free flow) as made by Vulcan, the Tongue & Groove joint #95 as made by Heckmann, the Keyed Kold Joint as made by Burke, or equal. Units shall be staked a minimum of 2-O on center or more often as required. Construction joints for interruptions in concrete placement in beam and slab systems as well as walls shall be made from lumber with custom cut holes or slots to pass all reinforcing through and with standard keyway. These bulkheads are to be securely fastened to the deck form and/or beam forms. They shall be the same depth as the concrete section to result in a dense, clean, sharp edge (top, bottom and side) when stripped. Expansion and isolation joint filler shall be preformed, non-staining, and compatible with sealant and primer. Joint filler material shall be closed cell superior grade polyethylene or non-extruding PVC, such as Sonneborn Vinylfoam, Servicised Rodofoam II by W.R. Grace or equal. If of a supporting type, (supporting concrete) joint filler material shall be closed cell rigid foam, cork, or non-impregnated fiberboard, such as Sonneborn (Sonoflex Cork, Servicised Standard Cork Filler by W.R. Grace Co. or equal. Where sealant is to be applied, the joint filler or backer shall be compatible as a back-up material, with regard to the sealant not bonding to or being stained by the backup. If the joint filler is a material that will bond to the sealant, the polyethylene tape shall be used to cover the backup. The polyethylene shall be a type that will not bond to the sealant. Note that joint fillers shall be held back for sealants where possible. Sealant shall be urethane and/or polyurethane material as manufactured by Sika, Sonneborn, or equal. Sealant shall be delivered to the job site in sealed containers, each bearing a Tested and Approved seal in addition to the

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CONCRETE JOINTS manufacturers name and product designation. Urethane and/or polyurethane sealant shall be of the following types as manufactured by Sika, Sonneborn, or equal. Class A (self-leveling) shall be used for joints in horizontal surfaces. Sika SikaFlex 425, Sonneborn Sonolastic Paving Joint Sealant, or equal. Class B (non-sag) shall be used for joints in vertical surfaces. Sika SikaFlex-la, Sonneborn :Sonolastic NPI, or equal. Type I (hardness: 20-35 Shore A) should be used for caulking, glazing and sealing vertical surfaces, and non-traffic bearing horizontal surfaces. Type II (hardness: 35-45 Shore A) shall be used for caulking and sealing horizontal surfaces subject to foot and light vehicular traffic, or abrasion. Sealant used for submerged conditions shall be verified by the Contractor with the sealant manufacturer as being suitable for that use. All joints in structures subject to containing liquid or directly against groundwater shall be considered submerged conditions.

Waterstop material shall be 6 x 3/8 SBR or neoprene center bulb type of 4 PVC labyrinth type. 4 PVC cellular labyrinth shall be used at expansion joints. The split center bulb may be used instead of splitting form work. Larger sizes shall be used as required by job conditions or as recommended by the manufacturer. The center bulb type waterstops shall include preformed ells, tees, unions, crosses and reducers in flat and vertical profiles. The center bulb type waterstops and accessories shall be as manufactured by Servicised Division of Grace Construction Products, Construction Gaskets Incorporated, Everlastic Division of Williams Products Incorporated or equal. The labyrinth type waterstops shall be as manufactured by Greenstreak Plastic Products, Vinylex Corporation, Water Seals Incorporated or equal. 4-INSTALLATION OF CONSTRUCTION JOINTS Construction joints for slab on grade: Construction joints are placed in the slab where the concreting operations are concluded for the day in conformity with a predetermined joint layout (i.e., at location of control or isolation joints) . If concreting is interrupted long enough at any time for the placed concrete to harden, a construction joint shall be used, the location of which is approved by the Engineer. If possible, construction joints should not be located nearer than 5 feet from any other joint to which they are parallel. Construction joints in supported slabs shall be located near the middle of spans of slabs, beams, or girders, unless a beam intersects a girder at the middle location, in which case joints in the girders shall be offset a distance equal to twice the width of the beam. Provision shall be made for transfer of shear and other forces through construction joints by means of keys, extended bars, dowels, etc. Beams, girders, or slabs supported by concrete columns or walls shall not be cast or erected until concrete in the vertical support members has an age of at least 12 hours. (For exceptions see section Concrete Placement.) Beams, girders, column capitals, and haunches shall be considered as part of a slab system and shall be placed monolithically therewith. Construction joints for Sanitary Structures and common walls between wet and dry areas, construction joint spacing shall not exceed 30 feet and that joint shall be continuous through all associated structures such as distribution channels and gallery decks. Where a construction joint is to be made, the surface of concrete shall be thoroughly cleaned and all laitance and

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CONCRETE JOINTS standing water remove c. Vertical construction joints shall be thoroughly wetter and coated with neat cement grout immediately before new concrete placement. Where forms create space limitations to prevent access for this grouting, the Contractor shall insure that the joint is thoroughly vibrated. 5-INSTALLATION OF EXPANSION JOINTS Expansion joints shall be provided as shown on the Drawings. Reinforcement or other fixed items embedded or bonded into the concrete shall not be run through expansion joints. Provide appropriate expansion dowels as shown. Install waterstop as specified herein. Dress edges of concrete corners to provide a smooth, uniform edge. Thoroughly clean all expansion joints of dust, oil, grease, water, dirt, frost or other foreign materials immediately prior to sealing. The joints shall be filled with sealant as specified herein.

6-INSTALLATION OF ISOLATION JOINTS Isolation joints for slabs on grade: The floor shall be separated structurally from other building elements to accommodate differential horizontal and vertical movement. Isolation joints shall be used at junction with walls, columns, machine foundations, and footings, or other points of restraint, such as drain pipes, chimneys, sumps, stairways, etc. Joint material shall be removed to the depth required for installation of the sealant. 7-INSTALLATION OF CONTROL JOINTS IN SLABS ON GRADE Control joints shall be provided as shown on the Drawings. All reinforcing steel shall be interrupted at the control joints with a 2 gap. Joints shall be formed either with a premolded joint insert or a sawcut. Cutting shall be done as early as possible and within 24 hours after the concrete has set. (Wait just long enough that the blade does not ravel the edges of the fresh concrete,) The saw shall be guided to insure straight cuts. The width of the cut shall be a minimum of 1/4 and the depth 20% of the slab thickness. As an alternate to sawing, so called Zip-strips may be used if they conform to the requirements for sawn joints. The joints shall be filled with sealant as specified herein. 8-INSTALLATION OF CONTROL JOINTS IN WALLS This clause does not apply to Sanitary Structures such as walls of flumes, channels, wet wells, tanks, etc., where construction joints shall be used to control shrinkage. All other walls shall be placed in one continuous operation in any length as long as control joints are installed as shown on the Drawings or at maximum intervals of 30 These wall control joints require V-strips on both faces (either wood or commercially available plastic strips) and interruption of 50% of the horizontal reinforcement. The top two bars in a wall shall be uninterrupted through the joint.

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CONCRETE JOINTS The joint layout shall be shown on the reinforcing shop drawings, in exposed areas carefully incorporated in the concrete finish work. When wall placements must be terminated, bulkheads (construction joints) shall be installed in advance of the days placement and shall be located at a regular control joint. 9-INSTALLATION OF WATERSTOPS Installation shall be in accordance with the manufacturers directions. Splices for the waterstop material itself shall be made with the above specified splicing accessories in strict conformance with the manufacturers recommendations. The waterstop shall be securely wired in place to preserve its position during the placement of concrete. The use of grout mix for slushing the surface of already hardened concrete (and for sealing the protruding waterstop in position), prior to the placing of an adjacent lift, is required. Waterstops shall be continuous, clean, and properly supported to assure watertightness. 10-INSTALLATION OF SEALANT Where the joint filler is flush with the adjacent concrete, enough filler material shall be removed so the joint can be sealed to the specified depth. The sealant(s) shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. Primer shall be applied as recommended by the manufacturer. The sealant depth shall be controlled by the use of joint-fillers or back-up materials. The back-up material shall be non-impregnated and compressible: such as backer rod. Where the depth of the joint does not permit the use of backer rod, a bond breaker (polyethylene strip) must be used to prevent bonding to the back of the joint.

Joint Width and Sealant Depth Joint Width Inches to 1/2 to 1 1 to 2 Sealant Depth at Midpoint Inches 1/4 3/8 to 1/2 1/2

To maintain recommended sealant depth, the backer rod shall be installed by compressing and rolling it into joint channel without stretching lengthwise. Backer rod shall be about 1/8 larger in diameter than the width of the joint to allow for compression. The proper depth to width ratio shall be followed ensuring that the sealant will not bond to the back-up material. The Contractor shall provide an adequate bond breaker or back-up material to prevent the sealant from bonding to the back-up. Sealant shall be applied to both sides of all joints except slabs on grade.

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