Autodesk Official Training Guide

Essentials

AutoCAD

2010

Learning AutoCAD 2010, Volume 1

Using hands-on exercises, learn the features, commands, and techniques for creating,
editing, and printing drawings with AutoCAD 2010 and AutoCAD LT 2010 software.

Autodesk Certification Preparation

001B1-050000-CM10A
April 2009

2009Autodesk,Inc.Allrightsreserved.

ExceptasotherwisepermittedbyAutodesk,Inc.,thispublication,orpartsthereof,maynotbereproducedin
anyform,byanymethod,foranypurpose.
Certainmaterialsincludedinthispublicationarereprintedwiththepermissionofthecopyrightholder.

Trademarks

ThefollowingareregisteredtrademarksortrademarksofAutodesk,Inc.,intheUSAandothercountries:3DEC(design/
logo), 3December,3December.com,3ds Max, ADI, Alias, Alias (swirl design/logo),AliasStudio,Alias|Wavefront(design/
logo), ATC, AUGI, AutoCAD, AutoCAD Learning Assistance, AutoCAD LT, AutoCAD Simulator, AutoCAD S Q L
E x t e n s i o n , AutoCAD SQL Interface, Autodesk, Autodesk Envision, Autodesk Insight, Autodesk Intent, Autodesk
Inventor, Autodesk Map, Autodesk MapGuide, Autodesk Streamline, AutoLISP, AutoSnap, AutoSketch, AutoTrack,
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Disclaimer

THIS PUBLICATION AND THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS MADE AVAILABLE BY AUTODESK, INC. AS IS.
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Publishedby:
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Contents

Introduction....................................................................................................... ix

Chapter1:TakingtheAutoCADTour ............................................................ 1
Lesson:NavigatingtheWorkingEnvironment.................................................... 2
SettingtheWorkspace.............................................................................. 3
KeyboardInput..........................................................................................7
UserInterfaceLayout................................................................................ 8
AboutShortcutMenus............................................................................14
MoreAutoCADSpecificInterfaceTools.................................................. 15
Lesson:WorkingwithFiles................................................................................22
WorkingwithFiles.................................................................................. 22
Lesson:DisplayingObjects................................................................................ 26
DisplayTools............................................................................................27
Pan.......................................................................................................... 27
ZoomRealtime........................................................................................ 30
ZoomCommandOptions........................................................................ 32
WheelMouseFeatures........................................................................... 34
Regen.......................................................................................................35
Exercise:ZoomandPanintheDrawing..................................................36
Exercise:HandsOnTour......................................................................... 38
ChapterSummary............................................................................................. 41

Chapter2:CreatingBasicDrawings ............................................................43
Lesson:InputtingData...................................................................................... 45
AbouttheCommandLine....................................................................... 46
AbouttheCoordinateSystem................................................................. 47
AboutDynamicInput.............................................................................. 50
UsingtheDynamicInputInterface......................................................... 53
UsingDirectDistanceEntry.................................................................... 58
Exercise:InputData................................................................................ 62

iii

Lesson:CreatingBasicObjects......................................................................65
LineCommand.................................................................................... 66
CircleCommand.................................................................................. 69
ArcCommand..................................................................................... 73
EraseCommand.................................................................................. 76
UndoandRedoCommands................................................................ 79
RectangleCommand........................................................................... 84
PolygonCommand.............................................................................. 87
Exercise:CreateBasicObjects............................................................ 91
Lesson:UsingObjectSnaps.......................................................................... 98
AboutObjectSnap.............................................................................. 99
ObjectSnaps..................................................................................... 100
UsingObjectSnap............................................................................. 108
Exercise:UseObjectSnaps............................................................... 114
Lesson:UsingPolarTrackingandPolarSnap............................................... 117
UsingPolarTrackingandPolarSnap.................................................. 118
Exercise:UsePolarTrackingandPolarSnap...................................... 125
Lesson:UsingObjectSnapTracking............................................................ 128
AboutObjectSnapTracking..............................................................129
UsingObjectSnapTracking...............................................................130
Exercise:UseObjectSnapTracking...................................................136
Lesson:WorkingwithUnits........................................................................ 139
AboutUnits....................................................................................... 140
SettingUnits......................................................................................141
Exercise:UseArchitecturalUnits...................................................... 145
Exercise:UseSurveyor'sUnits.......................................................... 148
ChallengeExercise:Architectural................................................................ 150
ChallengeExercise:Mechanical.................................................................. 154
ChapterSummary....................................................................................... 156

Chapter3:ManipulatingObjects .......................................................... 157

Lesson:SelectingObjectsintheDrawing................................................... 158
UsingaWindowtoSelectObjects....................................................159
ObjectSelectionwithGrips.............................................................. 161
SelectObjectsOptions...................................................................... 164
Exercise:SelectObjects.................................................................... 173
Lesson:ChanginganObject'sPosition........................................................ 176
MovingObjects................................................................................. 177
Exercise:MoveObjects..................................................................... 182
Lesson:CreatingNewObjectsfromExistingObjects.................................. 188
CopyingObjects................................................................................ 189
Exercise:CopyObjects...................................................................... 194
Lesson:ChangingtheAngleofanObject'sPosition................................... 196
RotatingObjects................................................................................ 197
Exercise:RotateObjects....................................................................202

iv

Contents

Lesson:CreatingaMirrorImageofExistingObjects...................................205
MirroringObjects.............................................................................. 206
Exercise:MirrorObjectsintheDrawing........................................... 212
Lesson:CreatingObjectPatterns................................................................ 214
CreatinganArrayofObjects.............................................................215
Exercise:ArrayObjectsintheDrawing............................................. 223
Lesson:ChanginganObject'sSize.............................................................. 228
ScalingObjects.................................................................................. 229
Exercise:ScaleObjectsUsingtheCopyOption................................. 234
ChallengeExercise:Grips............................................................................ 236
ChallengeExercise:Architectural................................................................ 243
ChallengeExercise:Mechanical.................................................................. 248
ChapterSummary....................................................................................... 251

Chapter4:DrawingOrganizationandInquiryCommands .................... 253

Lesson:UsingLayers................................................................................... 255
OrganizingObjectswithLayers......................................................... 256
DefaultLayer..................................................................................... 258
LayerTools........................................................................................ 259
Exercise:WorkwithLayers............................................................... 268
Lesson:ChangingObjectProperties........................................................... 273
AboutObjectProperties................................................................... 274
ByLayerProperty............................................................................... 277
ChangingObjectProperties.............................................................. 279
Exercise:ChangeObjectProperties.................................................. 288
Lesson:QuickProperties............................................................................. 291
AboutQuickProperties.....................................................................292
UsingQuickProperties......................................................................294
Exercise:UseQuickProperties......................................................... 295
Lesson:MatchingObjectProperties........................................................... 297
MatchinganObject'sProperties.......................................................298
Exercise:MatchObjectProperties.................................................... 302
Lesson:UsingthePropertiesPalette.......................................................... 306
UsingthePropertiesPalette............................................................. 307
Exercise:ManipulateObjectProperties............................................ 310
Lesson:UsingLinetypes.............................................................................. 313
AboutLinetypes................................................................................ 314
AddingLinetypestoYourDrawing.................................................... 316
Exercise:UseLinetypes..................................................................... 324
Lesson:UsingInquiryCommands............................................................... 332
AboutMeasuring.............................................................................. 333
UsingMeasureTools......................................................................... 334
ObtainingObjectInformation........................................................... 344
Exercise:ObtainGeometricInformation...........................................347
Exercise:MeasureObjects................................................................ 350

Contents

ChallengeExercise:Architectural................................................................ 354
ChallengeExercise:Mechanical.................................................................. 356
ChapterSummary....................................................................................... 358

Chapter5:AlteringObjects ....................................................................359
Lesson:TrimmingandExtendingObjectstoDefinedBoundaries............... 360
UsingtheTrimandExtendCommands.............................................361
Exercise:TrimandExtendObjects.................................................... 370
Lesson:CreatingParallelandOffsetGeometry...........................................373
OffsettingObjects............................................................................. 374
Exercise:CreateParallelandOffsetGeometry................................. 381
Lesson:JoiningObjects............................................................................... 385
JoiningObjects.................................................................................. 386
Exercise:JoinObjects........................................................................ 391
Lesson:BreakinganObjectintoTwoObjects............................................. 393
BreakingObjects............................................................................... 394
Exercise:BreakObjects..................................................................... 401
Lesson:ApplyingaRadiusCornertoTwoObjects...................................... 404
CreatingFillets.................................................................................. 405
Exercise:CreateaFilletedCorner..................................................... 410
Lesson:CreatinganAngledCornerBetweenTwoObjects..........................413
CreatingChamfers............................................................................. 414
Exercise:CreateaChamferedCorner............................................... 419
Lesson:ChangingPartofanObject'sShape............................................... 422
StretchingObjects............................................................................. 423
Exercise:StretchObjects...................................................................429
ChallengeExercise:Architectural................................................................ 433
ChallengeExercise:Mechanical.................................................................. 439
ChapterSummary........................................................................................ 445

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Contents

Contents

Chapter6:WorkingwithLayouts ................................................................ 1

Lesson:UsingLayouts........................................................................................ 2
AboutLayouts.......................................................................................... 3
CreatingaNewLayout..............................................................................4
Exercise:CreateLayouts........................................................................... 8
Lesson:UsingViewports................................................................................... 11
CreatingRectangularViewports..............................................................12
SettingViewportScaleFactor................................................................. 17
ManipulatingViewports.......................................................................... 23
RotatingViewports..................................................................................30
Exercise:CreateandManipulateViewports........................................... 32
ChallengeExercise:Architectural...................................................................... 35
ChallengeExercise:Mechanical........................................................................ 38
ChapterSummary............................................................................................. 40

Chapter7:AnnotatingtheDrawing ............................................................41

Lesson:CreatingMultilineText......................................................................... 42
AboutMultilineText............................................................................... 43
CreatingMultilineText............................................................................ 45
MTextColumnsandGrips....................................................................... 50
Exercise:CreateMultilineText................................................................ 52
Lesson:CreatingSingleLineText...................................................................... 56
AboutSingleLineText.............................................................................57
CreatingSingleLineText......................................................................... 59
Exercise:CreateSingleLineText............................................................. 63
Lesson:EditingText........................................................................................... 66
EditingText.............................................................................................. 67
Exercise:EditText................................................................................... 71
Lesson:UsingTextStyles...................................................................................73
TextStyles............................................................................................... 74
CreatingandUsingTextStyles................................................................ 75
Exercise:UseTextStyles......................................................................... 80
ChallengeExercise:Architectural...................................................................... 82
ChallengeExercise:Mechanical........................................................................ 86
ChapterSummary............................................................................................. 89

iii

Chapter8:Dimensioning........................................................................ 91
Lesson:CreatingDimensions........................................................................ 92
CreatingDimensionsonLinearObjects.............................................. 93
CreatingDimensionsonCurvedObjects...........................................105
EnhancingDimensions...................................................................... 117
Exercise:CreateDimensions............................................................. 128
Lesson:UsingDimensionStyles.................................................................. 132
AboutDimensionStyles.................................................................... 133
CreatingandModifyingDimensionStyles........................................ 134
Exercise:ModifyaDimensionStyle.................................................. 145
Lesson:UsingMultileaders......................................................................... 148
AboutMultileaders........................................................................... 149
AboutMultileaderStyles.................................................................. 151
UsingMultileaders............................................................................ 154
Exercise:UseMultileaders................................................................ 158
Lesson:EditingDimensions......................................................................... 163
EditingDimensions............................................................................164
Exercise:EditDimensions................................................................. 169
ChallengeExercise:Architectural................................................................ 172
ChallengeExercise:Mechanical.................................................................. 175
ChapterSummary....................................................................................... 178

Chapter9:HatchingObjects ................................................................. 179

Lesson:HatchingObjects............................................................................ 180
IntroductiontoHatchPatternsandGradientFills.............................181
AssociativeHatchPatterns................................................................ 183
CreatingHatchedObjects................................................................. 184
Exercise:CreateHatches................................................................... 197
Exercise:CreateFillsandGradients.................................................. 200
Lesson:EditingHatchObjects..................................................................... 204
MaintainingAssociativePropertieswhenEditingHatches................205
EditingHatches................................................................................. 205
Exercise:EditHatchPatternsandFills.............................................. 209
ChallengeExercise:Architectural................................................................ 212
ChallengeExercise:Mechanical.................................................................. 214
ChapterSummary....................................................................................... 217

Chapter10:WorkingwithReusableContent .........................................219
Lesson:UsingBlocks................................................................................... 220
AboutBlocks..................................................................................... 221
HowBlocksBehave........................................................................... 224
CreatingBlocks.................................................................................. 226
InsertingBlocks................................................................................. 232
Exercise:CreateandInsertBlocks.................................................... 238
Lesson:WorkingwithDesignCenter........................................................... 241
UsingDesignCenter........................................................................... 242
Exercise:UseDesignCenter...............................................................245

iv

Contents

Lesson:UsingToolPalettes......................................................................... 247
UsingToolPaletteTools.................................................................... 248
Exercise:AddContentfromToolPalettes......................................... 250
ChallengeExercise:Architectural................................................................ 252
ChallengeExercise:Mechanical.................................................................. 255
ChapterSummary....................................................................................... 257

Chapter11:CreatingAdditionalDrawingObjects ................................ 259

Lesson:WorkingwithPolylines...................................................................260
AboutPolylines................................................................................. 261
CreatingPolylines.............................................................................. 262
EditingPolylines................................................................................ 264
Exercise:CreateandModifyPolylines.............................................. 268
Lesson:CreatingSplines.............................................................................. 271
AboutSplines.................................................................................... 272
CreatingSplines.................................................................................274
Exercise:CreateaSpline................................................................... 280
Lesson:CreatingEllipses............................................................................. 282
AboutEllipses....................................................................................283
CreatingEllipses................................................................................ 284
Exercise:CreateEllipses.................................................................... 288
Lesson:UsingTables................................................................................... 290
AboutTables..................................................................................... 291
CreatingTableStyles......................................................................... 293
CreatingTablesandEnteringTableData...........................................297
Exercise:CreateaDimensionTable.................................................. 302
ChallengeExercise:Architectural................................................................ 306
ChallengeExercise:Mechanical.................................................................. 312
ChapterSummary....................................................................................... 314

Chapter12:PlottingYourDrawings ...................................................... 315

Lesson:UsingPageSetups.......................................................................... 316
ApplyingPageSetupstoLayouts...................................................... 317
CreatingPageSetups........................................................................ 322
Exercise:CreateandActivatePageSetups....................................... 325
Lesson:PlottingDrawings........................................................................... 327
AboutPlottingEnvironments............................................................ 328
PlottingfromModelSpace............................................................... 330
PlottingfromLayouts........................................................................333
PlotCommand.................................................................................. 336
PreviewCommand............................................................................ 341
Exercise:PlotaDrawing....................................................................343
ChapterSummary....................................................................................... 345

Contents

Chapter13:CreatingDrawingTemplates ...............................................347
Lesson:CreatingDrawingTemplates...........................................................348
AboutDrawingTemplates................................................................. 349
DrawingTemplateOptions................................................................350
CreatingDrawingTemplates............................................................. 353
Exercise:CreateaDrawingTemplate................................................ 354
ChapterSummary....................................................................................... 358

Appendix.................................................................................................... 359

vi

Contents

Acknowledgements
TheAutodeskLearningteamwishestothankeveryonewhoparticipatedinthedevelopmentofthis
project,withspecialacknowledgementtotheauthoringcontributionsandsubjectmatterexpertiseof
RonMyersandCrWare,LP.
CrWare,LPbeganpublishingcoursewareforAutodeskInventorin2001.Sincethattime,the
companyhasgrowntoincludefulltimecurriculumdevelopers,subjectmatterexperts,technical
writers,andgraphicsspecialists,eachwithauniquesetofindustryexperiencesandtalentsthat
enablesCrWaretocreatecontentthatisbothaccurateandrelevanttomeetingthelearningneedsof
itsreadersandcustomers.
Thecompany'sFounderandGeneralPartner,RonMyers,hasbeenusingAutodeskproductssince
1989.Duringthattime,RonMyersworkedinalldisciplinesofdraftinganddesign,until1996when
hebeganacareerasanApplicationsEngineer,Instructor,andAuthor.RonMyershasbeencreating
coursewareandothertrainingmaterialforAutodesksince1996andhaswrittenandcreatedtraining
materialforAutoCAD,AutodeskInventor,AutoCADMechanical,MechanicalDesktop,and
AutodeskImpression.

Acknowledgements

vii

viii

Acknowledgements

Introduction
WelcometotheLearningAutoCAD2010andAutoCADLT2010AutodeskOfficialTrainingGuide,a
trainingguideforuseinAuthorizedTrainingCenter(ATC)locations,corporatetrainingsettings,
andotherclassroomsettings.
Althoughthisguideisdesignedforinstructorledcourses,youcanalsouseitforselfpacedlearning.
TheguideencouragesselflearningthroughtheuseoftheAutoCADorAutoCADLTHelpsystem.
Thisintroductioncoversthefollowingtopics:

Courseobjectives

Prerequisites

Usingthisguide

Defaultinstallation

CDcontents

Completingtheexercises

Settingsfortheexercises

InstallingtheexercisedatafilesfromtheCD

Imperialandmetricdatasets

Notes,tips,andwarnings

Feedback
Thisguideiscomplementarytothesoftwaredocumentation.Fordetailedexplanationsoffeaturesand
functionality,refertotheHelpinthesoftware.

CourseObjectives
Aftercompletingthiscourse,youwillbeableto:

Navigatetheinterface,openandclosefiles,andusetheZoomcommandstoadjustthedisplayof
objectsonthescreen.

Describeunits,functionkeys,andcoordinatesystemsandcreatebasicobjects,usingdifferentdata
inputtechniques,objectsnaps,objectsnaptracking,polartracking,andPolarSnap.

Select,modify,andadjustthepropertiesofobjectsusingobjectgripsandtheMove,Copy,Rotate,
Mirror,andArraycommands.

Createandmanagelayersandlinetypesandobtaingeometricinformationfromobjectsinthe
drawing.

Modifyobjectsbychangingtheirsize,shape,orientation,orgeometriccompositionusingTrim,
Extend,Offset,Join,andothercommands.

Createlayouts,andcreateandmanipulateviewportsonthelayouts.

Createandeditannotationobjectsusingmultilineandsinglelinetext.

Create,edit,andmanagedimensionsanddimensionstyles.

ix

Enhancethedrawing'svisualappearancewithhatchpatternsandgradientfills.
CreateblocksandreusetheminyourdrawingsusingtheInsertcommand,DesignCenter,and
toolpalettes.UtilizetheDesignCenterandtoolpalettestoinsertandcreateothercontentinyour
drawings.
Createmultiplesegmentedpolylineobjects,createthesmoothcurveobjectsofsplinesand
ellipses,andaddtablestoyourdrawings.
Createandusepagesetups,andplotyourdesignsfromlayoutsandmodelspace.
Usedrawingtemplatestosimplifytheprocessofcreatingnewdrawingsthatcontainallthe
requireddimensionstyles,textstyles,andlayersthatyouwouldotherwisecreatemanually,each
timeyoucreateanewdrawing.

Prerequisites
Thisguideisdesignedforthenewuserwhoneedstoknowtheessentialcommandsnecessaryfor
professional2Ddrawing,design,anddraftingusingAutoCADorAutoCADLT.Noprevious
computeraideddesign(CAD)experienceisrequired.
Itisrecommendedthatyouhaveaworkingknowledgeof:

MicrosoftWindowsXP,orMicrosoftVista.

Draftinganddesignexperienceisaplus.

UsingThisGuide
Thelessonsareindependentofeachother.However,itisrecommendedthatyoucomplete
theselessonsintheorderthattheyarepresentedunlessyouarefamiliarwiththeconceptsand
functionalitydescribedinthoselessons.
Eachchaptercontains:

Lessons:Usuallytwoormorelessonsineachchapter.

Exercises:Practical,realworldexamplesforyoutopracticeusingthefunctionalityyouhavejust
learned.Eachexercisecontainsstepbystepproceduresandgraphicstohelpyoucompletethe
exercisesuccessfully.

DefaultInstallation

TheinformationinthisguideispresentedinsuchawaythatitisassumedyouhaveinstalledAutoCAD
orAutoCADLTusingthedefaultinstallationparameters.Youshouldbeusingthe2DDrafting&
Annotationworkspaceasyouractiveworkspacethroughoutthecourse.Youwilllearnhowtodothis
inChapter1.

CDContents

TheCDattachedtothebackcoverofthisbookcontainsallthedataanddrawingsyouneedto
completetheexercisesinthisguide.

Introduction

CompletingtheExercises
Youcancompletetheexerciseintwoways:usingthebookortheonscreenversion.

Usingthebook:Followthestepbystepexercisesinthebook.

Onscreen:ClicktheLearningAutoCAD2010icononyourdesktop,installedfromtheCD,and
followthestepbystepexercisesonscreen.Theonscreenexercisesarethesameasthoseinthe
book.Theonscreenversionhastheadvantagethatyoucanconcentrateonthescreenwithout
havingtoglancedownatyourbook.

Afterlaunchingtheonscreenexercises,youmightneedtoalterthesizeofyourapplicationwindowto
alignbothwindows.

Introduction

xi

SettingsfortheExercises

EachexerciseiswrittenwiththeassumptionthatthefollowingObjectSnapsettingsareactive.You
mightneedtoconfirmthesesettingsforeachexercise.

EachexerciseiswrittenwiththeassumptionthatthefollowingStatusBaroptionsareturnedON.If
necessaryadjusttheseoptionswhenyouopenthedatasetforeachexercise.

InstallingtheExerciseDataFilesfromtheCD

Toinstallthedatafilesfortheexercises:
1. InserttheCD.
2. Doubleclicktheselfextractingarchivesetup.exe.
Unlessyouspecifyadifferentfolder,theexercisefilesareinstalledinthefollowingfolder:
C:\AutodeskLearning\AutoCAD2010\LearningAutoCAD2010\
AfteryouinstallthedatafromtheCD,thisfoldercontainsallthefilesnecessarytocompleteeach
exerciseinthisguide.

xii

Introduction

ThedatasetsandexercisescanbeusedwithAutoCADLT.Thelocationofthefileswill
bethesamewhetheryouareusingAutoCADorAutoCADLT.Thenameofthe
shortcutfortheonlineversionoftheexercisesisnamedLearningAutoCAD2010,but
canalsobeusedwithAutoCADLT2010.

ImperialandMetricDatasets
Forsomeoftheexercisesthatspecifyunitsofmeasurement,alternativeexercisetablesareprovided.
Youwillseeanotestatingthatanimperialandmetricversionareavailable.Anexampleofthefile
namingconventionisasfollows:

Openi_stair_settings.dwg(imperial)orm_stair_settings.dwg(metric).
Intheexercisesteps,youwillseeeithertheimperialormetricvalueasshowninthefollowing
example:

ForLength,enter13'2".

ForLength,enter4038mm.
Forexerciseswithnospecificunitsofmeasurement,filesareprovidedasshowninthefollowing
example:

Openc_stair_settings.dwg(common).
Intheexercisesteps,theunitlessvalueisspecifiedasshowninthefollowingexample:

ForLength,enter400.

Notes,Tips,andWarnings

Throughoutthisguide,notes,tips,andwarningsarecalledoutforspecialattention.
Notescontainguidelines,constraints,andotherexplanatoryinformation.

Tipsprovideinformationtoenhanceyourproductivity.

Warningsprovideinformationaboutactionsthatmightresultinthelossofdata,systemfailures,
orotherseriousconsequences.

Feedback

WealwayswelcomefeedbackonAutodeskOfficialTrainingGuides.Aftercompletingthiscourse,if
youhavesuggestionsforimprovementsorifyouwanttoreportanerrorinthebookorontheCD,
pleasesendyourcommentstolearningtools@autodesk.com.

Introduction

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Introduction