H THNG IU KHIN V GIM ST THIT B NH LNG V NG BAO T NG SN PHM DNG HT

THE AUTOMATIC CONTROL AND SUPERVISION SYSTEMS OF THE AUTOMATIC QUANTITATIVE AND BAGGING EQUIPMENT FOR PARTICLE SHAPE PRODUCTS
PHM NG PHC Trng i hc Phm Vn ng NGUYN PH ANH TUN Hc vin cao hc kho 2004-2007

TM TT Bi bo gii thiu kt qu nghin cu thit k, thi cng h thng iu khin, gim st hot ng thit b nh lng v ng bao t ng sn phm dng ht, nhm t , v gim st khc, phc v cc ngnh sn xut cng nghip. ABSTRACT This article presents the results of research on designing, manufacturing an automatic control and supervision systems of the automatic quantitative and bagging equipment for particle shape products to access and master the automatic control technology for designing and manufacturing other automatic control and supervision systems in industrial productions.

1. T VN Trong qu trnh sn xut to ra sn phm, khu nh lng ng vai tr ht sc quan trng, nhm xc nh chnh xc khi lng nguyn vt liu, bn thnh phm v sn phm. Cc thit b nh lng c mt hu ht ti cc cng on ca qu trnh sn xut: cung ng tn tr nguyn vt liu, cp liu cho tng giai on cng ngh, nh lng v ng gi sn phm. T ng iu khin, gim st cc cng on ca qu trnh sn xut ni chung v khu nh lng ng gi sn phm ni ring l mt trong cc gii php u tin hng u c la chn ca c .

nh lng nguyn liu

nh lng sn phm

Cn bng nh lng

Hnh 1.1. nh lng gin on

Hnh 1.2. nh lng lin tc

Hin nay, ti mt s c s sn xut vic nh lng v ng bao sn phm dng ht cn thc hin theo phng php th cng, mt s c s c trang b thit b iu khin t ng nhp ngoi, c gi thnh cao v khng tht s ph hp i vi tng loi loi sn phm c th. Do vn tip cn, lm ch, t thit k, ch to cc h thng iu khin v gim st t ng ca thit b nh lng l cn thit, mang tnh thc tin. Bi bo gii thiu cc kt qu nghin cu v h thng iu khin, gim st thit b nh lng v ng bao t ng sn phm phn bn NPK dng ht. Trn c s , c th m rng p dng cho cc dng nh lng sn phm khc. 2. H THNG IU KHIN V GIM ST HOT NG THIT B NH LNG V NG BAO T NG SN PHM DNG HT

Hnh 2.1. Thit b thc nghim Thit b thc nghim c m t trn hnh 2.1. Khi thit b hot ng, liu c cp vo phu. Bao c a vo ming phu, c cu kp bao s tc ng, bao c kp cht, cc van iu khin bt u m, liu chy vo bao. Ty theo trng lng yu cu c ng bao, ngi thao tc t gi tr nh lng yu cu mc cn th v cn tinh phn iu khin (cho c lot sn phm). Khi t yu cu v trng lng, cc van iu khin ln lt ng, dng vic cp liu vo bao, c cu kp bao thi tc ng, bao ng trn bng ti v c a n v tr may ming bao.

Hnh 2.2. S iu khin nh lng

Qua phn tch nguyn l vn hnh, chng ti thit k s iu khin v gim st thit b nh hnh 2.2. Trong thit k v thi cng , m st sn xut. Chc nng c bn ca mt u cn l ly tn hiu in p t loadcell, bin i A/D, x l v hin th khi lng cn c ra n Led 7 on hoc mn hnh tinh th lng, c th truyn d liu v my tnh hoc ra my in. Ngoi ra cn c cc chc nng nh Zero, Tare, Print, thc hin cc chc nng nh trn vi chnh xc cao, u cn phi c mt b ngun chun n nh.

Hnh 2.3. Thit b ch th khi lng

Hnh 2.4. Loadcell s dng trong m hnh

Mch vi iu khin c thit k bng , chng trnh iu khin c lp trnh bng ngn ng C. PLC S7-200 (CPU 224), vi chng trnh iu khin c lp trnh bng ngn ng LAD.

Hnh 2.5. S thut ton iu khin

Hnh 2.6. Mch vi iu khin ca thit b

3. TRUYN THNG GIAO TIP VI MY TNH : RS-232C, RS-449, RS422A, RS-423A, RS-485... Trong thit b c thit k, dng chun truyn thng ni ti -

: 300, 1200, 4800, 9600, 19200 baud

Hnh 3.1. S chn cng COM c thit lp bng ngn ng Delphi, nh .

Hnh 3.3. Giao din gim st Hnh 3.2. S thut ton giao tip my tnh

Hnh 3.4. Giao din phn tch s liu

Hnh 3.5.Giao din thng k

Chng ti thc nghim nh sau: nh lng v ng bao sn phm loi 2kg, 3kg, 4kg. Chia lm nhiu t, mi loi cn 20 ln. Kch thc van ng th v ng tinh c nh. Cn c s liu m my tnh thu thp c trong qu trnh cn iu khin bng vi iu khin, c nhn xt sau: Thit b hot ng tt, n nh, cc chng trnh iu khin, chng trnh giao tip hot ng tt. Nng sut cn bnh qun: 4 bao/pht, sai s <1% t yu cu thit k, khi lng cn cng ln th sai s tng i cng gim, chnh xc nh lng cng ln.

Loi 2kg

Loi 3kg

Hnh 3.6. Cc th phn tch Sai s

Loi 4kg

4. KT QU V BN LUN thit k, ch to v vn hnh h thng iu khin v gim st thit b nh lng v ng bao t ng sn phm NPK dng ht. Thit b hot ng ng theo cc thut ton iu khin thit k v n nh. Trong , gii quyt tt cc vn : Thit k thi cng h thng iu khin in kh nn, ni kt vi PLC Thit k thi cng h thng iu khin in kh nn, ni kt vi vi iu khin. Thit k v thi cng giao din giao tip vi my tnh p, d s dng, c th theo di v kim tra gi tr v sai s ca tng m cn, m s bao ng c, lu tr v thng k, phn tch s liu v in n.

v gim st nh lng t ng khc nh: cn t, cn bn cha, cn bao ngoi kh, cn phi liu nhiu cu t, cn bng nh lng lin tc....

5. KT LUN Vic tip cn, lm ch, t thit k ch to h thng iu khin v gim st t ng thit b v qu trnh sn xut dn n gim chi ph u t, tng nng sut, m bo n nh cht lng, tng tnh cnh tranh ca sn phm. Thit b thc nghim th hin tng qut cc cng c thng s dng trong cc h thng iu khin t ng v gim st qu trnh sn xut, rt ph hp lm m hnh ging dy. , k ngnh T ng ho v C in t. TI LIU THAM KHO [1] [2] [3] [4] Nguyn Ngc Phng (1999), H thng iu khin t ng bng kh nn, Nxb Gio dc, H ni. L Hoi Quc, KS Chung Tn Lm (2006), B iu khin lp trnh PLC. Nxb i hc quc gia, TP H Ch Minh. Ng Din Tp (2004), Vi x l trong o lng v iu khin, Nxb Khoa hc v K thut, H ni www.tes.net.au (2007) Accurate Reliable and Repeatable Weighing Solutions