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  2011-2010 :

* .2 :.

12 :1/*031
:32
-I
  32  78  56 C;  <*5$0 !:; <=6 >! /-:0 ?@ B7 
J * C5G = *:  .

t1 / 2 ( 32 P) = 14,3 jours , m( 32 P) = 31,9783 u , m( 30 P) = 29,97006 u

m( p ) = 1,00728 u , m(n) = 1,00866 u , m(e) = 5,49. 10 4 u ,
;75 :

,
,17 Cl

m( 30 Si ) = 29,967u , M ( 32 P) = 32 g .mol 1

, N a = 6,02. 10 23 mol 1

Na ,12 Mg ,13 Al ,14 Si ,15 P ,16 S

11

Mev
c2

1u = 931,5

-1
 -1-1 .12
-2-1 0 , B .32

; -3-1  -M*KL G5  .

-4-1 5; ,  O$0 .32
!:*' 'Q; QR6 /-: -2  Q $: !> /; m0 = 1. 10 8 g !$.32
-1-2@ B  N 0 <L. m0 5
-2-2 M ,  VM$5 '  56U .
ln 2
= . t1 / 2
 -3-2 *  XQ ' / :

-4-2 $' *M Y$$ . ( P )  56U

-5-2@ B  . a 0 32
a
@ -6-2 ! ?@ t 2:   5 . a (t ) = 0
10
:30
30
@ *M B V-= !$ . P
@ M\ *M B' , . 30 P
 M\ *M Y$$'  ' , . 30 P
!* \ M'  ' ,  31 M . ( 31P ) = 8,48 Mev / nuclon :
32

-II
-1
-2
-3
-4

) ( 31P ) ; ( 30 P .Y$$0
*! -5   30  56 . + 5; , .O$$
-6@ *M B M7 O$0 / C0 .30

:2/*0

*5$' G=; /: $ B ?@ _` C$ . E = 9 V

._` >:* a. * /;b c; d$0 _06 0 * $ c\M e!d t = 0 

. u R (t ) 0$ 5* g'g$ h ,'  /'

. i (t ) d0 5; /; u R (t ) 0$ /=* *
. q (t ) XG=* :6 i--:0 $! .$ 5* O
. A 50 @. q (t ) = A(1 e t ) : <= !> 5* @< B$=
. i (t ) 50 Y$$
. t =  /;b :; c; _5\-0 7- /' h . i (t ) >:* t = 0   **5; `
. C R hM @

-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7

:3/*0

R *M d ?@ 1/*$  bC* B$ k *5$' C = 440 F _$5 G=; /:
. E = 12 V
.XG=;  bR* Q- M7* M >! l*;< 5 ;  -1
ib$R $ Q- M7! E e (max) t =  XG=*  bR* M7! E e ( ) b; -2
E e ( )
.
:  B@ .XG=*
Ee (max)
E e = 25,4 mJ  t = 10 ms  XG=*  bR* 1'i= M7 !* *M @

:4/*0

b$& b m*: 1; !:; !8 ;k = 0,01 m _$!L $' !8 ;-; *5$' k-
. Gq = 2,03. 10 4 S C c = 5. 10 3 mol.L1

 ( H 3O + ) = 3,5. 10 2 S .m 2 .mol 1 , (C 6 H 5 COO ) = 3,23. 10 3 S .m 2 .mol 1 : 75;

. *c; C 6 H 5 COOH &b m*@ < 0 5; B$
.< $! 8 C ,
+

. ( H 3O ) , (C 6 H 5 COO ) V xq k n' $!  :*! 8 ;50 ,

.$!  :*`  $* J b0 *M B@
.$!  :* pH *M Y$$
. < $! 1i -$*  M B@
.i$*M B@ h < $ 5* - *$ $' 50 ,

-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7

'`U 8
:32
.   X!$R0 g 5 k i   12
17 n + 15 p
$=
32
32
0
15 P 16 S + 1 e

:1/*0
-I
-1

-1-1
-2-1
-3-1
-4-1
-2

m0
N a = 1,88. 1014
M
N (t ) = N 0 e t
.  XQ O$$ ;K  * XQ *
ln 2
(1532 P) =
= 4,85. 10 2 j 1 = 5,61. 10 7 s 1
14,3
a 0 = N 0 = 1,05. 10 8 Bq
ln 10
t=
= 47,47 j
N0 =

-1-2
-2-2
-3-2
-4-2
-5-2
-6-2

-3
:30
-II
30
30
m(15
P) = 15m p + 15mn m(15
P) = 0,26904 u -1
E l = mC 2 = 250,61 Mev

-2

El
= 8,35 Mev / nuclon -3
30
30
.-$ G 30   (1531P ) f (15
P ) -4

(1530 P) =

P 1430 S + +10 e
E = 2,34 Mev

-5
-6
:2/*0
B7-' <L*; J< 8* 7'; /' 0$ iC$; <8#' <=i ,' h$ : g'g$ h ,' -1
.$> :; k= iC$* @? .G
u (t )
i (t ) = R
: J -2
R
30
15

RC

dq
+ q = CE
dt

-3

1
: C !.$ 5*  5 -4
RC
dq E t
i (t ) =
= e
-5
dt R
di
E 1
E
i (t ) = (0) * t + i (0) = *
* t + :  **5; -6
dt
R RC
R
E 1
E
i (t ) = 0 *
* t + = 0 t = RC = : c\-$ 7- 
R RC
R
E
R=
= 90
i ( 0)
-7
A = CE , =

C=

= 111 F
.E C

1
C (0,63E ) 2
E e ( )
= 2
= 0,40 = 40%
1
E e (max)
2
CE
2
1
t
E e (t ) = CE 2 (1 e ) 2
2
t
=
= 4,44. 10 3 s
2Ee
ln(1
)
CE 2

[H O ] [
q

-3

-2

:4/*0
C 6 H 5 COOH + H 2 O C 6 H 5 COO + H 3 O -1
8 C -2
xq
Gq = k
( H 3O + ) + (C 6 H 5 COO ) -3
V
Gq
= C6 H 5COO q =
= 0,53 mol / m3 = 0,53. 103 mol / L -4
k (1 + 2 )
x
[C 6 H 5 COOH ]q = C q = 4,47. 10 3 mol / L
V
pH = log H 3O + = 3,27 -5

:3/*0
-1

[H O ]

= 0,106 = 10,6%
C
H 3 O + q C 6 H 5 COO q
K=
= 6,28. 10 5
[C 6 H 5COOH ]q

][

-6
-7

2011  @* =$J C /;