Desktop Virtualization

K.Akilan M.Tech(ISCF)

Desktop Virtualization
Desktop virtualization model allows the use of virtual machines to let multiple n/w subscribers maintain individualized desktops on a single centrally located server. The central machine may operate at a residence ,business or datacenter. Users from different geographical areas can connect to central machine by LAN,WAN or internet

SUMMARY
Modern high powered desktop hardware gave birth to a distributed desktop computing model But at the same time it created an unintended maintenance workload for IT departments. To avoid this desktop vitualization is used. There are 2 different approaches Terminal Services Virtual Desktops

Benefits of desktop Virtualization

Reducing hardware support costs Reducing the range of platforms supported Reduce our power and space requirements Standardize configurations during the virtualization activities

Improve delivery through faster build times

Snapshot and roll back opportunities
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TERMINAL SERVICES
INTRODUCTION : Terminal Services is the technology which first started to bring mainframe functionality into the Windows desktop environment. Terminal Services functions by taking a single operating system installation and single installations of applications and creating individual sessions for multiple end users on a single piece of hardware.

Advantages of Terminal Services

Terminal Services is a very efficient platform, typically allowing 15-25 end users per processor on a dual processor system to run their applications with an acceptable level of performance. An advantage to Terminal Services over VDI is its relatively simple hardware infrastructure. As a mature technology, there is little risk to bringing in Terminal Services to take care of your desktop virtualization needs, but there are few organizations where Terminal Services will be a fit for the majority of the workforce.
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Virtual Desktops
Introduction:

The relatively recent introduction of virtualization software for the Windows environment has opened up a new form of server-based computing, virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI)

VDI is most easily thought of as a single user Terminal Server, where each user has an encapsulated operating system and application set.

VDI modes of operation

There are essentially three models for VDI operation.

Hosted (delivered as a service)

Centralized
Remote (also known as untethered)

Hosted virtual desktops

Hosted virtual desktops result from desktop virtualization services provided through an outsourced, hosted subscription model.Hosted virtual desktop services generally include a managed desktop client operating-system configuration. Security may be physical, through a local storage-area network, or virtual through data-center policies. Transferring information technology infrastructure to an outsourced model can shift accounting for the associated costs from capital expenses to operating expenses. According to a report by Gartner, hosted services accounted for more than 500,000 desktop units as of March 2009, but will grow to 49 million desktop units by 2013, and may make up as much as 40% of the worldwide "professional PC market" by revenue 9

Centralized virtual desktops

With this model, all VDI instances are hosted on one or more centralized servers. For this model, there are two modes for VDI, static (also called persistent) and dynamic (also called non-persistent).

In static mode, there is a one-to-one mapping of a desktop to a user. That is, each user gets a unique desktop, and the desktop image must be managed and maintained. In a dynamic mode, there is often a master image of the desktop stored, all user data is stored separately from the desktop. When a user logs in and requests a desktop, a VM that is cloned from the master image is combined with his personal data and applications
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Remote virtual desktops

Remote VDI instances takes the concept of a centralized VDI image that is maintained by an IT department, and adds the ability to work while disconnected from a central server or internet. An image is copied to a local system, where it may run without requiring a network connection. Images are "checked out" for a period of time, and typically need to be refreshed periodically. The local system typically runs an operating system which in turn runs the VDI instance. Thus, this model requires more local CPU, memory and disk space than alternative forms of VDI.
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Advantages of Virtual Desktops

There is no interaction between users operating systems, unlike a Terminal Server environment, if an end user has a problem with their desktop session, no other users are impacted. This allows system administrators the ability to grant a higher level of freedom without concern for how other users will be impacted. Maintenance of desktops can be approached in a completely different manner when using VDI instead of a traditional desktop as in most cases, it is easier to replace rather than repair a dysfunctional desktop system.

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Limitations of virtual desktops

potential security risks if the network is not properly managed challenges in setting up and maintaining drivers for printers and other peripherals difficulty in running certain complex applications (such as multimedia) increased downtime in the event of network failures, which can be prevented by the use of a clustered file system reliance on connectivity to corporate or public network complexity and high costs of VDI deployment and management

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VDI Using Operating System Virtualization

Single operating system installation is virtualized and shares multiple sessions which are encapsulated. Another benefit is the reduction in requirements for storage, due to the single installation of the operating system and end user applications. This can translate into a 90% savings in storage. To put this in perspective, if you are deploying 100 virtual desktops using a bare metal hypervisor and your desktop image is 20GB, you would require a 2TB SAN to support the deployment. Using operating system virtualization, that requirement could be as low as 200GB to support the same 100 virtual desktops.
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THANK YOU

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