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CC QUY TRNH PHT TRIN PHN MM

Mc ch: Cung cp cho sinh vin nhng

NI DUNG CHNH
Tng quan v quy trnh pht trin phn mm. Gii thiu cc quy trnh pht trin phn mm c bn: Waterfall, RAD, Incremental, Spiral. Vng i pht trin v cng vic chnh ca cc quy trnh pht trin phn mm: Rational Unified Process (RUP), Extreme Programming (XP).

kin thc c bn v cc quy trnh pht trin phn mm. Vn dng cc quy trnh pht trin phn mm vo thc t sn xut phn mm.
Ging vin: L B Dng a ch: Khoa Cng ngh Thng tin- Trng i hc Hng Hi Vit Nam- s 484 Lch Tray- Ng Quyn- Tp. Hi Phng Email: dungleba@gmail.com Website kha hc:
http://www.fit.vimaru.edu.vn/~dunglb/teaching/sdp11

TI LIU THAM KHO

Roger S. Pressman, Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach, McGraw-Hill, 2001. Ivar Jacobson, Grady Booch, James Rumbaugh, The Unified Software Development Process, Addison Wesley, 1999. Ron Jeffries, Ann Anderson, Chet Hendrickson, Extreme Programming Installed, Addison Wesley, 2000.

Gii thiu
Phn mm l mt sn phn v phn mm cng l mt phng tin chuyn giao sn phm Phn mm l cc chng trnh my tnh thc thi cc chc nng c thit k, cc cu trc d liu cho php chng trnh thao tc thng tin tng ng, v cc ti liu m t s vn hnh v s dng cc chng trnh

Cc c im ca phn mm
Phn mm c pht trin ch khng phi c sn xut theo ngha thng thng Li phn mm khng tng cp s nhn theo thi gian Thng thng, phn mm c xy dng mt cch ty bin, khng phi lp rp theo thnh phn nh phn cng

V d

Li phn cng

Li phn mm

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Nhng iu tng tng v phn mm

Ti c mt cun sch y v cc chun v cch thc xy dng phn mm, n s cung cp cho ti tt c nhng g cn bit Nu lch trnh d n phn mm b chm tr, ti c th thm lp trnh vin vo d n t c mc tiu Nu ti t gia cng d n phn mm mt i tc, ti c th ngh ngi v h chc chn hon thnh Sau khi vit chng trnh v cho n hot ng, mi cng vic hon thnh Chng trnh hot ng l kt qu duy nht ca mt d n thnh cng

Chu trnh gii quyt vn

Tm hiu hin trng h thng Xc nh vn Gii quyt vn Tch hp kt qu

M hnh tun t tuyn tnh

Cn gi l m hnh c in, m hnh thc nc Cc giai on: Phn tch, Thit k, Vit m, Kim th, v H tr

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System Engineering Analysis Design Code Testing Maintenance

Phn tch yu cu
hiu v h thng, cc yu cu v chc nng, hiu sut, giao din c trnh by bng ti liu v kim tra li bi khch hng

Thit k
Tp trung vo cu trc d liu, kin trc h thng, giao din v thut ton Th hin cc yu cu c th nh gi, sa i trc khi vit m c trnh by bng ti liu

Vit m
Chuyn s thit k sang chng trnh my tnh

Kim th
Tp trung vo cc yu t logic bn trong phn mm, m bo kim tra ton b cc dng m, cc chc nng. Vi d liu vo xc nh s thu c kt qu ra ph hp vi yu cu

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H tr
Nhng thay i s xut hin sau khi chuyn giao phn mm do mi trng thc t, nhng yu cu thm ca khch hng

c im
Nu c vn cn sa li, quay li giai on trc v lp li lung cng vic

Nhng kh khn
Cc d n trong thc t t khi l tun t Khch hng khng th hin c tt c cc yu cu mt cch r rng ngay t u C th dn n mt trng thi kho trong cc nhm lm vic phi ch i ln nhau

M hnh to bn mu
Khi khch hng ch xc nh cc mc tiu chung ca phn mm m khng r cc yu cu chi tit

Start

Requirements gathering and refinement

Quick design

Building prototype

Engineer product

Refining prototype

Customer evaluation

Stop

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Thu thp yu cu
Ngi pht trin v khch hng cng xc nh nhng mc tiu chung ca phn mm, xc nh cc yu cu c th thy c, cc chc nng chnh

Thit k nhanh
Xy dng mt bn mu Khch hng nh gi Lm r li cc yu cu Lp li tho mn yu cu ca khch hng v ngi pht trin hiu r hn v phn mm cn xy dng

c im
Ngi pht trin v khch hng xc nh cc mc tiu v yu cu c bn Bn mu c xy dng nhanh chng v c nh gi bi khch hng Bn mu c tinh chnh li v nh gi li Lp li qu trnh cho n khi c sn phm cui cng u im: c s tham gia ca khch hng v th hin yu cu tt hn

Nhc im
Khch hng nhn thy bn mu ca phn mm m khng bit c v cht lng hay s vn hnh lu di ca phn mm. xy dng nhanh bn mu, ngi pht trin c th s dng ngn ng lp trnh khng thch hp, thut ton khng hiu qu. V sau, n s c tch hp vo h thng.

M hnh Pht trin nhanh

Tp trung vo mc tiu xy dng nhanh phn mm da trn cc thnh phn c bn

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M hnh ho nghip v: Lung thng tin gia cc chc nng nghip v c m hnh ho M hnh ho d liu: xc nh cc i tng d liu, cc thuc tnh v cc mi quan h M hnh ho tin trnh: to ra cc tin trnh thm, sa, xo, ly thng tin ca cc i tng d liu

Xy dng ng dng: Thng thng s dng h tr ca cc cng c t ng v dng li cc thnh phn sn c Kim th: kim th cc thnh phn mi thm vo, s tch hp gia chng

c im
Tng t m hnh thc nc vi tc cao hn Xc nh yu cu r rng, xy dng cc chc nng h thng trong thi gian ngn ng dng c chia thnh cc phn v c pht trin bi cc nhm tch bit, sau c tch hp li

Nhc im
Cn mt ngun nhn lc ln cho cc nhm lm vic Mt s loi ng dng khng ph hp vi m hnh ny: khng tch thnh cc module r rng, khng th s dng cc thnh phn dng chung

M hnh tng trng

S kt hp gia m hnh tun t v m hnh bn mu Mi dy tun t to ra mt kt qu c tnh tng trng ca phn mm Kt qu t c u tin l sn phm li p ng nhng yu cu c bn m khng c tnh nng nng cao. Sau , n c a cho khch hng s dng v nh gi Xy dng k hoch: sa i sn phm li p ng yu cu khch hng v b sung nhng tnh nng mi Qu trnh ny lp li v a ra nhng kt qu tng trng cho n khi c c mt sn phm hon thin

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c im
Chia sn phm thnh cc phn hon thin c tnh tng dn Chuyn giao sn phm vi cc phn tng dn

M hnh xon c
L mt m hnh tin ho kt hp gia m hnh bn mu v m hnh thc nc Phn mm c xy dng theo mt dy cc kt qu tng trng Thng thng, m hnh xon c c chia thnh 6 vng cng vic

6 vng cng vic

Giao tip khch hng: thit lp s giao tip c hiu qu gia ngi pht trin v khch hng Lp k hoch: xc nh ti nguyn, thi gian, v cc thng tin lin quan khc Phn tch ri ro: nh gi v qun l cc ri ro K ngh: xy dng ng dng Trin khai: kim th, ci t v h tr khch hng nh gi ca khch hng: phn hi ca ngi dng

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Cc bc
Cc yu cu h thng c xc nh nhiu nht c th. Vic ny lin quan n phng vn nhiu ngi s dng ca h thng. To mt thit k c bn ban u. Trong giai on ny, cc yu t to nn mt h thng hiu qu s c phn tch v a ra quyt nh.

Vng 1: Xc nh mc tiu, s thay th, v cc rng buc

Bn mu u tin s c xy dng da trn thit k c bn ban u. Thng thng l s thu gn ca h thng th hin nhng c im ca h thng cn xy dng. Mt bn mu tip theo s c xy dng da trn th tc 4 bc:
nh gi bn mu trc Xc nh cc yu cu cho bn mu tip theo Lp k hoch v thit k bn mu tip theo Xy dng v kim th bn mu tip theo

Thit lp s hiu bit v h thng hoc mc tiu sn phm: hiu sut, chc nng, kh nng thay i xut s sa i, thay th. xut cc rng buc ca cc s thay th: cng ngh, chi ph, lch trnh, cc h tr, ri ro

Vng 2: nh gi cc thay th, ngn nga ri ro

La chn gii php thay th tha mn nht cc rng buc Cc s thay i s c ci t th gim thiu cc ri ro khi quyt nh pht trin

Vng 3: Xy dng, kim tra, pht trin tip

Lp li cch tip cn thc nc: vn hnh, thit k, ci t, tch hp, kim th

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Vng 4: Lp k hoch cc giai on tip theo

nh gi li tt c cc mt v gii quyt cc vn pht sinh

c im
Thng s dng khi xy dng cc h thng ln v phc tp