KHOA CNG NGH THNG TIN V TRUYN THNG B MN H THNG THNG TIN V TON NG DNG

(LU HNH NI B)

NG QUC VIT CN TH, THNG 01/2009

LI NI U
Cc phn gii thiu sau mang tnh cht tham kho, h tr sinh vin ci t v s dng Oracle 10g trong qu trnh hc mn H Qun Tr C S D Liu (CT110). Ti liu tham kho ny gm cc phn sau: I. CI T ORACLE 10g..................................................................................................1 1. Yu cu cu hnh ...........................................................................................................1 2. Ci t............................................................................................................................1 II. To c s d liu ..............................................................................................................5 III. Qun tr CSDL vi Oracle Enterprise Manager (OEM) ................................................12 1. Gii thiu .....................................................................................................................12 2. Khi ng OEM trn server ........................................................................................12 3. Lm vic vi OEM ......................................................................................................12 4. Cc chc nng chnh ca OEM ...................................................................................13

I. CI T ORACLE 10g
1. Yu cu cu hnh Phn cng: CPU: PIII 800Mhz HDD: cn d khang 2.5 GB RAM: 512 MB Phn mm: H iu hnh: WinNT Server sp6a / Win2k sp1 Server hoc Pro / Win2k3 Server/ WinXP Pro Oracle 10g: cha trong 1 CD khong 700 MB. 2. Ci t Bc 1: Chy chng trnh setup.exe trong th mc chng trnh ngun ca Oracle.

Trc khi tin hnh ci t, Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) kim tra kh nng tng thch ca h iu hnh.

Nu h iu hnh khng tng thch, OUI s thng bo khng th tin hnh ci t. Tips: Oracle Universal Installer l chng trnh qun l ci t v tho b cc thnh phn ca Oracle.

Bc 2: Chn 1 trong 2 kiu ci t: Basic Installation: ci t Oracle vi cc cu hnh c bn mc nh. Nn chn kiu ci t ny. Advanced Installation: Ci t vi cc cu hnh ty chn. 1

Ti y bt u c th ci t vi cc la chn chi tit: Oracle Home Location: th mc cha ng chng trnh Oracle. Thay i ng dn ca Oracle Home nu cn thit. Nn la chn nhng khng gian a cn trng ~ 2.5GB (1.3GB dnh cho Oracle + 720MB dnh cho CSDL). Installation type: chn kiu ci t Enterprise Edition vi tt c chc nng. Personal Edition ging Enterprise nhng khng h tr a ngi dng. Standard Edition ci t nhng thnh phn chnh yu nht (dung lng cng b hn ch). Chn Create Starter Database nu d nh to CSDL mi ngay khi ci t xong Oracle. Global Database Name: tn c s d liu mun to ra. Database password dng chung cho cc ngi dng qun tr.

Khi hon tt la chn, bm nt Install, chng trnh chuNn b ci t.

Bc 3: OUI kim tra cc ch tiu v cu hnh yu cu ci t ca Oracle. N u cc ch tiu u t yu cu (passed), bm nt Next tin hnh ci t. N gc li, cn kim tra li cc ch tiu cha t.

N u Windows thng bo vn bo mt, chn Unblock chng trnh tip tc thc hin.

Tips: bm vo nt Installed Products xem cc thnh phn ci t

Bc 4: Xem li cc cu hnh chi tit trong ca s tm tt, nu ng th nhn nt Install tin hnh ci t.

Bc 5: ca s m t qu trnh ci t Oracle Database Server. Ch i cho n khi qu trnh ci t kt thc. N u mun dng qu trnh ci t th bm nt Stop Installation

Bc 6: Sau khi qu trnh ci t kt thc, xut hin ca s h tr cu hnh cho Oracle vi cc h tr: Oracle N et Configuration Assistant: h tr ci t v cu hnh phn kt ni vi Oracle. iSQL*Plus Configuration Assistant: h tr cu hnh hot ng chng trnh iSQL*Plus. Oracle Database Assistant: h tr cu hnh CSDL.

Ghi nhn li cc thng s l cc ng link n cc giao din dng qun tr h thng Oracle.

II. To c s d liu
C s d liu trong Oracle c th c to ra t cc lnh SQL, tuy nhin cc phin bn ca Oracle u cung cp mt cng c ha h tr to v qun l cc c s d liu c tn Oracle Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA). to mt CSDL mi, lm theo cc bc sau: Bc 1: Khi ng chng trnh DBCA. Vo menu Start Programs Oracle db home Tools Database Configuration Assistant. Configuration and Migration

Bc 2: Xut hin ca s cho mng n vi chng trnh, bm Next tip tc

Bc 3: Xut hin cc la chn chc nng qun l CSDL Oracle trc tip trn my ch:

Create a Database: to mt CSDL mi. Configure Database Options: Thc hin thit lp cc thng s cu hnh cho CSDL c trong h thng. Delete a Database: xa mt CSDL. Manage Templates: qun l cc template (mu CSDL) nh ngha trc .

Configure Automatic Storage Management: ASM l mt c tnh mi ca Oracle 10g trong vic cu hnh CSDL (khng cp n trong chng trnh hc)

Chn Create a Datatabase v bm nt Next. Bc 4: Xut hin ca s la chn cc mu CSDL. Ty theo yu cu m la chn mu CSDL ph hp.

Ta c th tham kho cu hnh ca cc mu CSDL bng cch bm vo nt Show Details. N goi ra, ta cng c th cu hnh ring cho CSDL ca mnh bng cch chn Custom Database. y, ta chn mu General Purpose, l mu CSDL c dng ph bin nht. Bc 5: N hp tn CSDL cn to trong phn Global Database N ame v SID, thng thng hai tn ny c t trng nhau trnh nhm ln. SID khng c t c du cch hoc cc k t t bit.

Bm nt Next tip tc. Bc 6: La chn cc tham s thc hin qun l CSDL. C 2 dng chng trnh: Database Control (desktop application) mc nh km theo khi ci Oracle Client. 6

Grid Control (web application) cung cp kh nng qun tr CSDL cho nh qun tr thng qua mi trng Internet. Vi ng dng ny, ngi dng tng tc trc tip vi CSDL khng cn thng qua Oracle N et.

N n chn mc nh vi cc thng s c sn. Bm Next tip tc. Bc 7: nhp mt khNu cho cc ngi dng qun tr bao gm SYS, SYSTEM, SYSMAN v DBSN MP. Cc ngi dng ny cng c th c cc mt khNu khc nhau nu chn User Different Passwords. N n dng chung mt khNu d qun l.

Bm Next tip tc. Bc 8: La chn phng php lu tr d liu cho CSDL. C th s dng lu tr thng qua cc tp tin h thng (File System) hoc thng qua cc phng php lu tr ngoi khc nh RAID, RAC. Chn File System v bm Next tip tc.

Bc 9: ch nh th mc s lu tr cc datafiles. Chn Use Database File Locations From Template t cc Datafiles trong cc th mc mc nh ca ORACLE HOME. xem v tr ca cc th mc ny, bm vo nt File Location Variables. N goi ra, cc datafiles c t trong th mc ty chn nu chn Use Common Location for All Database Files.

Bc 10: La chn cc ty chn thc hin vic khi phc d liu khi xy ra s c vi CSDL. Thng thng c th la chn vi cc mc nh, bm Next tip tc. Flash Recovery: chc nng phc hi d liu mc bng ghi, dng d liu. Archiving: chc nng sao lu (backup), phc hi (restore) c CSDL.

Bc 11: la chn ci t cc lc (schema) mu nh scott, hr Bm Next tip tc.

Bc 12: Thit lp cc thng s cho CSDL c to nh: b nh, kch thc cc file d liu, bng m s dng v cc kiu kt ni. N n theo cc thng s mc nh ny. Bm Next tip tc.

Bc 13: kim tra v b sung (nu cn) cc tham s cho CSDL v cc Control File, Data File v Redo Log File. Bm Next tip tc.

Bc 14: Chn Create Database thc hin ci t CSDL hoc lu thnh mt mu CSDL (database template) to cc CSDL khc c cu hnh tng t v sau. Bm Finish kt thc qu trnh cu hnh tham s.

Bc 15: Kim tra ln cui cc cu hnh v bm OK tin hnh ci t.

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Bc 16: ch cho qu trnh ci t hon thnh v ghi li cc thng s ca Grid Control (cc link truy cp).

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III. Qun tr CSDL vi Oracle Enterprise Manager (OEM)

1. Gii thiu OEM l mt chng trnh ng dng cho php ngi qun tr CSDL c th thc hin cc chc nng qun tr CSDL Oracle t xa. i vi cc phin bn trc 10g, cng c OEM c vit bng ng dng Java v c th chy trn Server ln Client. Tuy nhin, c th qun tr t my Client, ngi dng cn phi ci Oracle Client mt phn mm tng i nng. V th, t phin bn 10g tr i, OEM c vit di dng ng dng web m ngi dng c th truy cp t my Client khng cn ci t thm Oracle Client. 2. Khi ng OEM trn server OEM c th hot ng, cn phi khi ng chng trnh OEM trn Server (thng trc di dng service trong Windows). N gi qun tr thc hin khi ng theo cc bc sau : Chn Start Run, g lnh cmd. Khi ng OEM trn Server bng lnh emctl start dbconsole i chng trnh khi ng xong, ng ca s command li. Kt thc qu trnh khi ng OEM trn Server. 3. Lm vic vi OEM M mt trnh duyt web nh Internet Explorer, Firefox, Opera Ti a ch, nh a ch ng nhp theo c php http://<IP server>:5500/em/ V d: thng thng Oracle c ci trn my n, truy cp OEM qua a ch http://localhost:5500/em/ N u OEM trn server hot ng tt v khng b li, xut hin mn hnh lm vic ca chng trnh OEM vi ca s ng nhp u tin bt u lm vic.

Mi CSDL mc nh khi to c cc ngi dng SYS v SYSTEM, vi mt khNu dduwwojc thit lp trong qu trnh to CSDL. N u trong trng hp khng thit lp mt khNu, cc ngi dng ny c cc mt khNu mc nh bao gm : SYS c mt khNu CHANGE_ON_INSTALL SYSTEM c mt khNu MANAGER i vi 2 ngi dng ny chn Connect as SYSDBA. Sau khi ng nhp thnh cng, xut hin mn hnh qun l ca Oracle. Ti y ngi qun tr s bt u lm vic vi cc chc nng qun tr h thng. 12

4. Cc chc nng chnh ca OEM Home: cha giao din thng bo trng thi hot ng ca Database Server v cc chc nng chnh khi ng (startup) hoc dng hot ng (shutdown) ca Database Server. Performance: theo di nng lc hot ng ca h thng thng qua giao din ha v cc biu . Administrator: cha ng ton b cc chc nng thc hin vic qun tr v cu hnh h thng i vi Oracle Database. Maintenance: cha ng cc chc nng vn hnh v duy tr h thng. Chc nng quan trng nht ca OEM chnh l Administrator, c giao din nh sau:

V chi tit cch s dng cc thnh phn trong giao din ny, sinh vin dn tm hiu trong qu trnh hc. 13