L6 Greek Archaic or Formative Period

I. Dark Age B.C.1000 – B.C.800

II. Greek alphabet – 希臘文字
a. Homer 荷馬-Odyssey (有名的敍事詩)
b. Aesop 伊索- Morals (伊索寓言)
c. Hesiod 赫西奧德 – He writings which defined Greek Religion. Begin
shortly.
d. In one sense the Greek alphabet was just a minor extension beyond
the alphabet developed by the Phoenicians of coastal Mesopotamia. 希
臘字母只是延長字母制定的腓尼基人沿海的美索不達米亞。
e. Greek alphabet something that previous alphabets – Phoenician 腓尼基,
Egyptian 埃及, Chinese, Mesopotamian 美索不達米亞.

f. Greek system simply represented the sounds of the language, which

could be done using 24 simple symbols and a few simple rules for
pronunciation. 希臘系統，只要代表的聲音，語言，可使用 24 做簡單的符
號和一些簡單的發音規則
g. Greeks simply recorded the sounds of whatever new words were used
to represent the new ideas. It can also be said that words to be created
easily. 希臘人只是記錄的聲音，無論新詞被用來代表新的想法。這也可以
說的話很容易產生。
h. 因為希臘文字和語言是很容易學習的系統,所以希臘文字和語言也是很通俗
和廣泛的被人民所使用的,並不像其他的古文明一樣,只有特權人士才能學習
文字,所有的希臘人都可以 讀和使用他們的語言做記錄,並且了解政府所頒
佈的法令。並且希臘字母含有所有語言使用的發音,所以很容易結果外來語
言,在自己的語言裏成為新的單字。
i. Greek, which is part of the Indo-European Language group, is just the
opposite of the Semitic languages. 希臘，這是一部分印歐語組，則剛好
相反的猶太人的語言。
I. Homer
a. 約生活在 B.C. 800 (大約是 Mycenae 的時期)
b. 有名的作品- Iliad, Odyssey
c. 使用早期的希臘文字寫作 (見上頁)
d. Blind poet/bard/minstrel 盲詩人/詩人/歌手
e. Became texts in 6th century 成為文本 6 世紀
f. Began the western literary tradition 開始西方文學傳統
g. Mythical beginnings for Greek history
h. A unifying force for the Greek people
i. During Trojan War
j. 他的寫作重點 Epics(史詩)
i. Larger than life
ii.Many events over many years
iii.Focus on many of life’s struggles 重點對許多生活的鬥爭
iv.Heroes and often gods 英雄，往往是神
v.Lessons are timeless 教訓是永恆的