Fm-WvCkv-emw?

NICHE OF TRUTH

Cu- tem-In-s\m-cp- {kjvS- m-hp-v Po-h- \-In hm-

Enthanu Islam?
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Malayalam
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Fs\ Pohn- Wsapw- Cu- Po- h n- X n- s - d
]caeyw- Fspw- Zq-Xm- ap-tJ\ {kjv-Sm-hv\s ]Tn- n- p.- \p- s S Po- h n- X n- s - d IWvacWtijw- \mw- {kjv-Sm-hn-s-d ap-n- t_m-[n-ntn-hcpw.- Av- ]p-Wyw- sNbv-Xh\v- \bpw- ]m-]wsNbv-Xh\v- Xn-bpw- {]Xn-^ew- In-pw.- AXn-\m- {kjvSm-hv- Xs-d Zq-Xcn-eqsS \-In-b \n-tZia\p-kcn-vPo-hn-p-Ibm-Wv- a\p-jy-sd cmamKw.\p-sS tem-I {kjv-Sm-hv- \-In-b \n-tZi kw-ln-Xbm-Wv
Jp-B.- ap-lZv- \_n-bn-eq-sS Ah- B ktiwa\pjy-sn-p-sIm-Sp-p.- CXdn-hcpw- Adn-bmhcpw- \ap-n-Sbn- Dv.- tem-Isc ap-gp-h- {kjvSm-hn-s-d ktiadn-bn-- AXdn-hcp-sS _m-[yXbmWv.- AXn-\m-bn- cq-]o-Ir-Xam-b Hcp- {]kv-Ym-\amW
v
'\nv- Hm-^v- {Sq-v '.-

Niche of Truth
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Ckvemw- Fm...-

ssZhn-I aXam-sX a-p-h-- aXsbp-am-tWm-AhB{Kln- p- Xv?- D]cn- t em- I fn- e pw- `q- a n- b nep- a phsbmw- A\p-kcWtbm-sStbm- \n-_\v-[nXamtbm- Ah\v- Io-gv-s]n-cn-p-p (Ckv-emw- kzoIcn-n-cnp-p-)- Ah\n-tep-Xsbm-Wv- AhcpsS aShpw.Jp-B - 3:-83

Fm-Wv- Ckv-emw?Ckv- e mw- F Ad_n]Zn- \ v- "ka- W'- s apw"kam-[m-\'-sapw- A-Yap-v.k- h tem- I {kjv- S m- h n- \ vkzw- Po-hn-Xs ka-n-pXp-hgn- IcKXam-Ip- kam[m- \ am- W v- Ckv- e mw.- PohnXn-s-d Fm- cw-KfpwssZhn- I hn- [ n- h n- e p- I f\pkcn- v- Nn- sSp- p- I sb
mWv- Ckv- e mw- sIm- vhnhn-pXv.-

Bcm-Wv- Ckv-em-an-s-d
kvYm-]I?
hn-tij_p-n-bpw- Nn-mtijn-bpw- \Xn-I- hyh
tOZn-p a\n-em-p-hm-\p-
Ign- h pw- \- I n- a\p- j y- s c
`qan-bn-tev- \n-tbm-Kn-b
{kjvSm-hv-Xs Ah- Po-hnXn-s-d hn-hn-[ Xp-dIfn]m-en-t hn[n-hn-ep-I]Tn-n-p-hm-\m-hiy-am-b kw-hn[m- \ fp- a pm- n- b n- p- v.AXn-\p-thn-bm-Wv- Ah-

Ckvemw- Fm...{]Xyp-X hn-izm-kns-dbpwI- a n-sdbpw- ASn-kv-Ym\n-emWv- Hcm- ap-kv-en-amIpXv.-

{]hm-NIm-sc \n-tbm-Kn-Xv.hy- X y- k v- X Im- e Lfn- hnhn- [ kap- Z m- b fn- t ev\ntbm-Kn-s {]hm-NImscmw- ]Tn- n- Xv- {kjv- S m
hns-d hn-[n-hn-ep-I-\pkcn-v- Po-hn-Xw- {IasSp-phm- \ m- W v.- khiIv- X \p-
kq-W ka-Ww- AYhmCkvemam- W v- Ahscmw{]t_m-[\w- sNbv-X BZ-iw.Ahcp- s S D]tZi\n- - t Zi
sfmw- ssZhn-I t_m[\
n-s-d ASn-kv-Ym-\n-epXm-bn-cp-p.- ssZhka
Wn-s-d BZ-iw- Ckve
- mwGsXn-ep-sam-cp- a\p-jy- kvYm-]n-X; {]Xyp-X ssZhwXp-cm- {]hm-NIm-cn-eq-sS
AhXcn-n-Xm-Wv- FXm
Wv- bm-Ym-Yyw.Bcm-Wv- ap-kv-en-w-I?kz- s {kjv- S m- h n- \ vka-n-h- Fm-Wv- apkvenwF ]Zn-\-Yw.- ssZhn-I
hn[n- h n- e p- I f\p- k cn- vkzw- Po-hn-Xs NnsSpn-bh\m-Wv- apkvenw.- Pns- d ASn- k v- Y m- \ n- e ,-

Fs\ Hcm-v ap-kv-en-am

Im- Ign-bpw?"Am-lp-h-m-sX Bcm-[y\n-sv- Rm- km-yw- hlnp-p; ap-lZv- Am-lp-hns-d Zq-X\m-sWpw- Rmkm-yw- hln-p-p'- Fcv- km-y-hN\- sNmnAhb\p- k cn- v- PohnXw{IaoIcn-m-sav- {]Xn-Pv-R
sbSp-m- Hcm- apkv-en-ambn-ocp-p.
Ckv-emw- I-iam-bn- tXmp-Xv- Fp-sImm-Wv?Bcm-[\m-ebfpsS
Nphcp- I - Iv- HXp- n\n-tXm-Wv- aXw- F
{]hm-NIm-scm-pw- ]Tn-nXv-; {]XypX Po-hn-Xn-sd
hnhn[ Xp-dIfn- A\p-kcntXm-b hn-[n-hn-ep-ID- s m- p- Xm- W v- aXsam-Wv.- "ap-kv-enw'- Fm,
kzs {kjv-Sm-hn-\v- ka-

Ckvemw- Fm...sep- t m - s sZh t_m[hpw- Po-hn-Xn-semw- Xnjv- S hp- s a "aXk ]w'Ckv-em-an\v- A\y-am-bXn-\mFm- cwKtp-ap- Ckvem-an-I hn-[n-hn-epI- Ii\am-bpw- ]m-en-p-h\m-bncn-pw- bYmY apkvenw.-

n-h Fm-WYw.- AXpsIm- p- X s Po- h n- X nsd \m-\m-Xp-dIfn-tep-ap ssZhn-I am-K\n-tZiwkzo- I cn- p Imcy- nbmsXm- c p- hnp- h ogv- N pwXbm-dm-Im- apkven an\v- Ignbp-Ibn.- Bcm[\m ebn-

]dbp- I : Am- l p- h n- e pw- R- v- AhXcn- nsXn-epw- A{_lmw-,- Civa- tb,- Ckvl

- m-Jv,- bmtm_v,- bm-tm-_v- kXn-I- Fn-h-v- AhXcn-nsXn-epw- tam-sipw- tbip-hn-\pw- ap- {]hm-NImpw- \- I sXn- e pw- R- hn- i z- k n- n- c n- p- p.Ahcn- B-n-Sbn-epw- R- hn-thN\w- I-]n-pn-.- R- Am-lp-hn-\v- Io-gv-s]hcm-Ipp.- (ap-kvenw-Ifm-Ip-p-)Jp-B- 3:84

Ckvemw- Fm...P-\--tf,- \n--sf-bpw- \n--fp-sS- ap-Km-an-I-sf-bpwkr-jvS- n-- \n-f

- p-sS- \m-Ys
- \- \n-- B-cm-[n-p-hn;- \n-- kq-v-am-ep--fm-Ip--Xn-\p-th-n-;- \nm-bn- `q-an-sb- sa-bpw- D-]-cn-tem-I-s- ta-]p-cbp-am-p-I-bpw- D-]-cn-tem-I-p-\n-v- P-ew- sNm-cn-vA-Xp-aq-ew- \n--v- `-n-p-hm-\p-- Im-bvI
- \
- n-ID-]m-Zn-n-p-X-cn-I-bpw- sN-b-vX-h-s\.- A-Xn-\m- Adn-p-sIm-v- \n-- A-m-lp-hn-\v- k-a
- m-sc-bp-m-cp-Xv 'Jp-B- 2:-21:-22

s-d- k--bn-epw- Kp-W--fnepw- {]-h--\--fn-epw- GI\pw- A-Zzn-Xo-b-\p-am-Wv.- kh-i-Iv-X-\pw- k-thm--X-\pwkzbw- k-q-W-\p-am-b- Ah\p- am-{X-ta- B-cm-[-\-I- An-p-hm- ]m-Sp-q.- {k-jv-Smhm-b- H-cp- ssZ-ha- p-s-t- Ihe- hn-izm-k-n-ep-]-cn-bmbn- ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\pw- k-h-Pv-R\p-am-b- A-h\p- am-{Xw- {]m-Y\m- h-gn-]m-Sp-I- A-n-s
- Sp-- A-hk
- vY
- - kwPm-Xa- m-hpI-bm-Wv C-kv-emw- G-I-ssZ-hhn-izm-kw- sImv- hnhn-p-Xv.-

C- k v- e m- a n- I - hn- i zm- k - Fs-m-am-Wv?G- I - s sZ- h - ne- p w- A- h

s-d- a-e-p-I-fn-epw- th-Z-{K-\vY-fn-epw- {]-h-m-N-I-m-cn-epw- acWm- \ - - c - Po- h n- X - n- e pwssZhn-I-hn-[n-bn-ep-ap-- hn-izmk- f m- W v- A- S n- k v- Y m- \ Ckvem-an-I- hn-izm-k-.G-Is
- sZh- hn-iz-mk
- w- sImv
F-mWv- A-Y-am-p-Xv?Cu- {]-]
-
- n-se- h-epXpwsN-dp-Xp-am-b- k-I-e- {]-Xn-`m-k-fp-sS-bpw- {k-jv-Sm-hpw- kwc-I-\p-am-b- A-m-lp- A-h-

Ckvemw- Fm...a-\p-jy-\v- X-s-d- km[mcW- \n-e-bv-p-- C-{n-b-PvRm-\w- sIm-v- a-\

- n-em-p-hmt\m- A\p-`-hn-p-hm-t\m- km[n-m-,- {]-Im-i
- m- kr-jvSn--s-- ssZ-h-Zm-k-m-cm-Wva-e-p-I.- hy-Xy-kv-X- ZuXy-m-bn- \n-tbm-Kn--s--hcpw- ssZ-hs
- - [n-c
- n-p-hmI-gn-bm--h-cp-am Wnh.-

B-cm-Wv- A-m-lp?k-h-tem-I- {k-jv-Sm-hm-b

GI-ssZ-h-s- A-d-_n-bnkw-t_m-[\
- - sN-p-X
- v- Amlp-sh-m-Wv.- "F-m-Xcw- Bcm- [ - \ - I - f pw- b- Y m- Y - nAln- p- - h '- Fm- W v"A-m-lp'-sh-- ]Zn-s-d`m-jm-]-c-am-b- AYw.- A-d-_v\m-Sp-I-fn- hkn-p-- A-apkve
- n-wI
- f
- pw- G-Is
- sZ-hs
- - Am-lp-sh-p-Xs
- -bm-Wv- hn-fnp--Xv.- enwK-t`-Z-tam- _-lp-hN-\- {]tbm-K-tam- C-m-- \ma-am-Wn-Xv.- ssZ-hn-I- a-lX
- z-s]q-W-am-bn- tZym-Xn-n-p-Xpw- C-X-c- `m-j-I-fn-se- {]-tbmK--sf-m- Ir-Xy-hp-am-b-Xn\m- e m- W v- A- mlp- s h- p
- X s- ssZ- h w- X - p- c m- s \apkvenw- I - k- w - t _m- [ - \ sN-p-Xv.- G- I - s sZ- h - s A- h s- d - ]cnip- n- pwa-l-Xz-n-\p-an-W-p-- G-Xp\m-a-n-epw- A`n-kw- t- _m-[\
- sN-m-sa-X
- mWv- C-kve
- m-an-sd- Im-gv-N-m-Sv.B-cm-Wv- a-e--p-I?-

F-m-Wv- th-Z-{K-\v-Y-?a-\p-jy- F--s\- Po-hn-W- s a- v- ]- T n- n- p- - X n- \ pthn- \n-tbm-Kn--s-- {]-hmN-I-m-cn-eq-sS- ssZ-hw- A-h-Xc- n - - n - - am- K - Z - i - I - {K- \ v- Y
fm-Wv- th-Z-{K-\v-Y-.- Cl]-c- Po-hn-Xh
- n-Pb
-
- n-\m- h
- i
- y-amb- ssZ-hn-I- \n-b-a-\n-tZ-i-fp-sS- k-am-lm-ca- m-Wv- thZw- F-

H-cp- Xm-o-Xp-Im-c- Ignp-t]m-Im-- Hcp- kap-Zm-b-hp-an-.Jp--B- 35:-24.v- ]-d-bmw.- \m-ep- th-Z-{K-\v-Y-fp-sS- t]-cp-If
- m-Wv- A-hk
- m-

Ckvemw- Fm...\-s- th-Z-am-b- Jp-B\n]-cm-a-in--s-n-cn-p--Xv.- aqkm- (A)- *-bn-eq-sS- Ah-Xcn-n-s-- Xu-dm-pw,- Zm-hq-Zn-(A)-eq-sS- A-h-X-cn-n--s-- k_q-dpw- Cu-km- (A)-bn-eq-sS- Ah-X-cn-n--s-- CPo-epw- apl--Zn-(k)-eq-sS- A-h-X-cn-n-s-- Jp-B\
- p-am-Wh
- .- C-h- IqSm-sX-bpw- ap- Nn-e- {]-hm-N-Im-cn-eq-sS- th-Z-{K-\v-Y-- Ah- X - c n- n- - s - n- c p- p- s h- v
JpB- hy-Iv-X-am-p-p-v.Cu- th-Z-{K-\v-Y--sf-mw- a-\pjy-sc- Zp-am--Kn-\n-v- AI-n- k-m--K-n-te-v- \-bnp-X
- n-\p-th-n- ssZ-hw-X
- pcm- Ah-Xcn-n--h-bm-bn-cpp.

Bcm-Wv- {]-hm-N-Im?\- - b pw- Xn- - b p- s a- msWv- a-\p-jy-v- a-\n-em-nsm-Sp-p--Xn-\p-th-n- ssZhw-Xp-cm- a-\p-jy-n-Sb

- n\n-v- Nn-e-sc- sX-c-s-Sp-vZu-Xy-ta-]n-m-dp-v.- C-s\Zu-Xy-ta-]n--s--h-cm-Wv- {]hm-NI
-
- m.- a-\p- j
- y-sc- t\-amK-n-te-v- -Wn-p--Xn-\pth-n- {]-hm-N-I-m- \n-tbmKn-s
- -Sm-- H-cp- kap-Zm-bh
- pan-.- am-Xr-Im-Po-hn-Xw- \bn-v- a\p-jyXz-n-s-d- ]qW-X- {]m]n-- {]-hm-N-I-m-scm-pw-XsX- - vZn- h y- X z- a p- s - v- hm- Z n- n- c pn.- A-h-sc-m-h-cpw- a-\p-jycm-bn-cp-p;- ]-b
- m-b- a-\p jy.-

-a-\p-jy- H-scm-- k-ap-Zm-b-am-bn-cp-p.- A-\--cw

k-tm-j-hm-- A-dn-bn-p-hm-\pw- Xm-o-Xv- \Iphm-\p-am-bn- A-m-lp- {]-hm-N-I-m-sc- \n-tbm-Kn-p.Ah- `n-n-- hn-j-b-n- Xo-p-I-]n-p--Xn-\mbn- A-ht- cm-sSm-w- k-Xy-th-Zh
- pw- A-h- A-bp-sImSpp.Jp-B- 2:-213.-

10

Ckvemw- Fm...*{]hm-N-I-m-cp-sS- t]-cp- ]-d-bp-tm- "A-sse-ln--emw-'- (Ah-p-ta- k-am-[m-\-ap-m-I-s-)- F-v- {]m-Yn-p--h-cm-Wv- apkv-enw-I.- C-Xn-s-d- Npcp--am-Wv- (A-)-.- ap-l--Zv- \-_n-bp-sS- t]cp- ]-d-bp-tm- "k--m-lp-A-sse-ln- h-k-w'- (A-t-l-n-\pta- ssZ-hn-I-c--bpw- k-am-[m-\-hp-ap-m-I-s-)- F-m-Wv- ]-dbpI.- C-Xn-sd- Np-cp--am-bm-Wv- (k)- F-v- F-gp-X-p--Xv.-

ssZ-h-\n-bp-Iv-X-cm-b- Fm- {]hm-NI

-
- m-cn-epw- hn-iz-kn-t-Xv- Hm-tcm- ap-kven-an-s-d-bpw_m-[y-X-bm-Wv.- -

a-cWm--\--cPo-hn-X-s-pdn-vC-kv-emw- F-p-]-d-bp-p?a- c - W w- a- \ p- j y- P o- h n- X nsd- A-y-a-.- {]-Xy-p-Xim-iz-Xa- m-b- a-cW

- m-\
- c
- - PohnX--n-te-p-- hm-Xm-b-\-amsW-m-Wv- C-kve
- mw- ]-Tnn-p-Xv.- C-hn-sS-sh-v- sNp- Xn-I-v- X--Xmb- {]-Xn-^ewe-`n-p-X
- v- a-cW
- m-\
- c- Po-hnX-n- shp- am-{X-amWv.- Ah-km-\- \m-fn- Fm- kr-jv-SnI-fpw- \-in--Xn-\p-ti-jw- a-\pjy- ]p-\-Po-hn-n--s-Sp-sam-Wv- Ckv-em-a-n-I- hn-izm-kw.A-s\- ]p\-Po-hn-n--s--

ti-jw- hn-Nm-c-W- \Spw.k-hi IvX

- s
- -d- \n-b{- -Wn-ep- hn-Nm-c-W.- \mwsNbvX- \-Xn-I
- s
- f-mw- {]kvXp-X hnNm-c-W-bn- \p-sS apn- \nh-nsh--s-Spw.- F-n-v- ]qW-amb- \o-Xn- \-S-m--sSpw.- \- -sN-bv-X-h-v- \-bpw- Xn- sN-bv-X-h-vXn--bp-am-bn-cn-pw- {]-Xn-^ew.- k-I-a-- sN-bv-XvPo-hn-Xs
- - hn-ip-a- m-n-bh-v- k-am-[m-\
- ns-d- `h-\a- m-b- kz-Kh
- pw- Zp-jvI
- a--fm- Po-hn-X-s- hn-Ie-am-n-b-h-v- \-c-I-bm-X\ - I - f p w {]-Xn-^-e-am-bn- e`n-pw.F-m-Wv- C-kv-em-an-sehn-[nhn-izm-kw?{]- ] - - n- s e- k- I - e am\- {]- X n- ` m- k - - f pw-

11

Ckvemw- Fm..."D-bn-s-gp-t-]n-s-d- \m-fp-sIm-v- Rm-\n-XmkXyw- sN-p-p.- Ip-s

- -Sp-p-- a-\
- n-s\-sm-pwRm- k-Xyw- sN-p-p.- a-\p-jy- hn-Nm-cn-p-p-tm;\mw- n-s-v?- A- A-hs- d- F-p-Is- f- H-cp-an-p-Iq-p-Ib
tX,- \mw- A-h-sd- hn-c-p-p-I-sf-tm-epw- i-cns-Sp-m- I-gn-hp--h-\m-bn-cn-s'Jp-B- 75:-14.ssZhn-I-am-b- hy-h-kv-Y-{]-Im-cam-Wv- \-S
- p-sIm-n-cn-p-X
- v.Cu- hy-h-kv-Y-bm-Wv- ssZ-hn-Ihn-[n.- Cu- hn-[n-bn-\n-v- sXn-am-dp-hm- kr-jv-Sn-I-smpw- Ign-bn-.- a-\p-jy-s-d- kvYn-Xnbpw- C-Xn-\n-v `n--a.a\p-jy-s-d- Np-p-]m-Sp-I-fpwim- c o- c n- I - hy- h - k v- Y - I - X sbpw- ssZ- h n- I - h n- [ n- \pkcn- m- W vv \n- e - \ n- pXv. Ah-\v- h-v- `-hnp-\Ifpw- tZmj- - f psa- mw

ssZh- h n- [ n- {]- I m- c w- X - s bmWv- kw-`-hn-p--Xv.- a-\p-jyk-aq-l-n-\v- BX-y-n-I-am-bn\--sb-sm-s-bm-sW-pwXn- - s b- s - m- a m- s W- pwIrXy-am-bn- A-dn-bm-hp-

- - khPv-R-s-d- hy-Iv-X-am-b- hy-hkvYI- {]-Im-c-am-Wv- Hm-tcmcp- - pw- h- p- ` - h n- p- KpW-f
- pw- tZm-j
- f
- p-sa-m-apm-hp--Xv- F-- hn-iz-m-kamWv- C-kv-em-an-I- hn-[n-hnizm-kn-s-d- Im-X.-

Xo- - b m- b pw- kp- I r- X - h m- m- kp- J m- \ p- ` - h - nX- s - b m- b n- c n- pw.- Xo- - b m- b pw- Zp- a m- K n- I P z-enp-- \-c-Im-Kv-\n-bn-X-s-bm-bn-cn-pw.- {]-Xn-^e- \ m- f n- A- h - c - X n- In- S - v- F- c n- b pw.- AXn\n--h-v- am-dn-\n-m-\m-hn-.
- Jp-B- 82:- 1316.-

12

Ckvemw- Fm...X--fp-sS- ]--ep-- Xu-dm-n-epw- C-Po-en-epw- tcJs-Sp--s--Xm-bn- A-h-v- I-s-m- I-gn-bpB- \n-c--c- {]-hm-N-I-\m-b- ssZ-h-Zq-X-s\- (a-p-l--Zv\-_n-sb)- ]n-]- p-h
- -v- (Im-cp- W
- yw!)- A-ht- cm-Sv- At-lw- k-Zm-Nm-cw- I-]n-p-I-bpw- Zp-cm-Nm-c-n\nv- A-h-sc- hn-e-p-I-bpw- sN-p-p.- \-- h-kv-Xp-A-h-t- -lw- A-\p-hZ- \
- o-ba- m-p-Ib
- pw- No-h
- k
- vX
- p- A-h-cp-sS- ta- \n-jn--am-p-Ibpw- sN-p-p.A-h-cp-sS- `m-c--fpw- A-h-cp-sS- ta-ep-m-bn-c-p-- hne-p-I-fpw- A-t--lw- C-d-n-sh-p-I-bpw- sN-p-p.A-tm- A-t-l-n-- hn-iz-kn-p-I-bpw- A-t-ls- ]n-Xp-W-p-I-bpw- k-lm-bn-p-I-bpw- A-t-ltm-sSm-w- A-hX
- c
- n-n-s
- -n-p-- B- {]-Im-is
- ]n-]- p-Ib
- pw- sN-bvX
- h
- c
- mtcm- A-h- X-s-bm-Wv- hnP-bn-I.
Jp-B- 7:-157

C-kv-em-an-I- {]-am-W-F-s-m-am-Wv?Jp-B\pw- ap-l--Zn-s-d(k)- Po- h n- X - a m- X r- I - b p- a m- W vCkveman- s - d - A- S n- k v- Y m- \ {]am-W-.B-cm-Wv- ap-l--Zv- (k-)?C-kv-em-an-s-d- A-h-km-\s- {]-hm-N-I-\m-Wv- ap-l--Zv-

(k).- A-t-l-n-eq-sS-bm-WvssZ-h-k-a--W-n-s-d- a-Xw]q-o-I-cn--s--Xv.- t\m-lbp-sS-bpw- A-{_-lm-an-s-db

- pwtam-i-bp-sS-bpw- tb-ip-hn-s-dbpw- am-{X-a-- \-ap-v- t]-c-dn-bmhp-X
- pw- A-m-X
- p-am-b- temI-n-s-d- hy-Xy-kv-X- `mK-fn-te-v- \n-tbm-Kn-s
- -- {]hm-

13

Ckvemw- Fm...N- I - m- c p- s S- s b- mw ]nKmanbm-Wv- ap-l-Zv- (k).- ]pXnsbm-cp- a-Xw- kv-Ym-]n-p-I-b-.adn-v- ]q-h- {]-hm-NI
-
- m- s
- c-mw]-Tn-n-- a-X-w- ]qo- I-cn-pI-bm-Wv- Atlw- sN-bv-X-Xv.-

sb-mw- hn-f-\n-e-am-bn-cp-- apl--Zv- (k)- C-cp]--mw- hb-n- \m-]-Xp-Im-cn-bm-bJ-Zo-P-sb-- I--h-S-m-cnsbhn-hm-lw- sN-bvX

- p.- \m-]X
- mwh-b-n-em-Wv- apl-Zn-\v- (k)-

\n-s- (ap-l
- Z- n-s\-)- \mw- a-\p-jy-m-Ia- m-\w- k-tm-jh
- m-b-dn-bn-p--h-\pw- Xm--o-Xv- \-Ip--h-\p-am-bn-smmWv- A-b-n-cn-p--Xv.- ]-t,- a-\p-jy-cn- A-[n-I-t]cpw- A-dn-bp-n-.
Jp-B- 34:-28
ap-l--Zn-s-d- (k)Po-hn-Xs--n?{In-kv-Xm-_v-Zw- 570- a-bnem-Wv- ap-l--Zv- (k)- P\n
Xv.- P- \ - \ - n- \ p- ap- v]nXmhpw- G-gv- h-b
- p-t- mamXm-hpw- a-cW
- s
- -X
- n-\m- A\m-Y-\m-bm-Wv- A-t-lw- hf-Xv.- F-m-hn-[- Xn-I
- f
- p-sS-bpwIq--c-m-bn-cp-- Atd-_ybn- sN-dp--Imew- ap-X-pX-s- kXy-k-\v-[ \pw- k-Zv-hr-\p-sa-v- {]-tXy Iw- A-dn-bs-Sp-- co-Xn-bn-ep-- hyIv-XnXz-n-sd- D-S-a-bm bn-cp-pA-t-lw.- D--X- KpW-fp-sS-

ssZ-hn-I-t_m-[-\w- e-`n-m-\mcw`n-Xv.- {]hmN-I-\m-bn- sXc-s-Sp--s-- A-t-lw- Xs-d- k-aql-n-\v- ssZhn-Ik- t - i - - s f- n- p- s Im- S pp \n-tj-[m-Xv-a-I-am-bn-cpp- {]-Xn-I-c-W-.- a-Z-\-,- ]o-U\
- ,- B-tcm-]W
- ,- sIme-hn-fnI...- k-Xy-aX-a-\p-k-cn-v- Po-hn-p--Xn-\p- kzm-X-{y-n-\p-th-n- P\n-- \m-Sp-sh-Sn-v- h-S-p-`mK-p- bYvcn-_n- (a-Zo-\)-tev- ]-em-b\w- sN-bv-Xp.- a-Zo-\bn- Hcp- C-kv-em-an-I- cm-jv-{SwDmhp-Ib
- pw- A-t-lw- AXn-

14

Ckvemw- Fm...s-d- t\Xr-Xz-ta-s-Sp-p-I-bpwsNbv-Xp.- a-Zo-\-bn-epw- k-Xy-a-Xa-\p-kc

- n-v- Po-hn-m- A-hn-izmkn- I - k- - X n- m- X n- c p- tm- A-h-cp-am-bn- bp--\-S-p.- a-X- kz-m-X-{y-n-\pth-n-bp-- bp--.- C-cp]n- a q- v- h- j - m- e - s {]t_m- [ - \ - Po- h n- X - n- \ ptijw- tem-I-n-\p- ap-g-p-ham-Xr-Im-tbm-K-y-am-b- H-cp- k-aq
l- s A- h - t i- j n- n- p
sImv- A-dp-]
- n-aq-m-as
- h-b-n- ap-l--Zv- (k)- C-l
tem-I-hm-kw- sh-Sn-p.ap-l--Zv- (k)A-n-a- {]-hm-N-I-\m-sW-v]d-bm- Im-c-W-sa--v?G-sX-n-ep-sam-cp- {]-tXy-I{]-tZ-i-n-te-tm- k-apZm-bn-te-tm- am-{X-am-bn- A-bs--h-cm-bn-cp-p- ap-I-gn-{]-hm-N-I-m.- tem-I-n-\papgp- h - A- \ p- { K- l - a m- b nsmv- h-cm-\n-cn-p-- H-cp- alm-{]-hm-NI
- s
- -d- B-Ka- \
- s
- p-dn-v- B- {]-hm-NI
-
- m-cn- ]e-cp-w- {]-hNn--Xm-bn- ImWm-

I-gn-bp-w.- ap-l
- Z- v- (k)- ap-gp-htem-I-n-sd bpw- {]-hm-N-I\m-Wv.- A-t-l-n-eq-sS- A-hX-cn-n--s-- k-t-i-- tem-I
- n-se- Ah-km-\s
- - a-\pjy- h- s c- b p- - h - s - mwkzo-Ic
- n-m- ]-n-bh
- b
- m-Wv.- {]hm-NI
-
- m-sm-pw- \-Is
- - A-am-\p-jn-I- Zr-jv-Sm--A-hc
- p-sS- Im-et- i-jw- \n-e\
- np-h
- b
- m-bn-cp-n-.- F-m-,ap-l-Zn-s-d- (k)- {]-hm-N-I-Xzn-\p-- sX-fn-hm-bn- \-Is
- - JpB- F-- Zr-jv-Sm-wAh- k m- \ - \ m- f p- h - s c- am- - a nmsX- \n- e - \ n- p- - X pwAXns-d- A-am-\p-jn-IX
- - Bpw- ]-cn-tim-[n-p- t_m[y-sSm-hp--Xp-am-Wv. apl Znsd- (k)- Po-hn-X-am-I-s- ]q-Wam-bn- tc-J-s-Sp--sSp-IbpwsN-bv-Xn-cn-pp.- A-h-km-\\m- h-sc-bp-- apgp-h-\m-fpI-pw- amXr-I-bm-m-hphn-[
- n- A-t-l
- n-s-d- Pohn-X-nse- hepXpw- sN-dp-Xpam-b- kw-`-h--sf-mw- hy-Iv-Xam-bn- tc-J-s-Sp-s-n--p-v.C-\n- H-cp- ssZh-Zq-X- h-cn-I-

15

Ckvemw- Fm...bn-s-pw- A-hk

- m-\\
- m-fp-hs
- cbp-- a\p-jy-sc-mw- am-K-ZiI-am-bn- Jp-B-\pw- \-_n-N-cybp-am-Wv- kzo-Ic
- n-t-s
- X-pwJp-B-\n-epw- \-_n-sam-gn-I-fn-

ap-Iv-X-ambn- C-p- \n-e-\n-p- GI- a-X-{K-\v-Yw- Jp-B-\t{X.- A-Xv- H-tc-ka- b

- w- H-cp- amK-Z-i-I- {K-\v-Y-hpw- A-tXmsSmw- A-n-a{- ]-hm-NI
- \
- v- \-

ap-l--Zv- \n--fn- H-cp- ]p-cp-j-s-d-bpw- ]n-Xm-hm-bnn--;- ]-t,- A-t-lw- A-m-l-phn-s-d- Zq-X-\pw- {]-hmN-I-am-cn- A-h-km-\-s-bm-fp-am-Ip-p-
Jp-B -33:-40.epw- hy-Iv-X-am--s-n-p-ap-v.F-m-Wv- Jp-B?A-n-a- {]-hm-N-I-\n-eq-sSA- h - X - c n- n- - s - - A- h - k m\s- th- Z - { K- \ v- Y - a m- W vJpB.- ssZ- h - h - N - \ - am{X-am-Wv- A-Xp-sm-p-Xv.- A-h-km-\-\m-fp-h-sc-bp-ap- g p- h - a- \ p- j y- p- a p- am- K - Z - i - I - {K- \ v- Y - a m- W - X v.AXp-sIm--p-X-s -Ay\mfp-h-sc- Jp-B-\n-s\- bm-sXm
cp- am-
- n-cp-e
- p-If
- p-an-msX\n-e-\n-p-sa-v- AXv- A-hX-cn-n-- ssZ-hw-Xp-cm-Xs- a-\p-jy-v- hm-KvZ- m-\w- \In-bn-p-v.- Fm-hn-[- am-\p-jnI- ssI-I-S--ep-I-fn-\n-pw-

I-s-- A-am-\p-jn-I- Zr--jv-Smhp-am-Wv.F-m-WvJp-B-\n

{]-Xn-]m-Zn-n-cnp--Xv?a- \ p- j ycp- s S- C- l - t em- I s-bpw- a-c-Wm-\--c- Po-hnXn-se-bpw- hn-P-b-n-\m-h-iyam-b- [m-an-I- \n-tZ-i
- f
- m-WvJp-B-\n-ep--Xv.- {k-jv-Sm-hpwkr-jv-Sn-I-fpw- X-n-ep-- _-\v[-am-Wv- Jp-B-\n-s-d- apJy-{]ta-bs
- a-v- ]-db
- mw.- am-\h-k-aql- s - B- X y- n- I - a m- b \-bn-te-v- \-bn--p-- hn-izmkm- N m- c - - s f- b pw- Po- h n- X

16

Ckvemw- Fm...-co-Xn-sbbpw- Ip-dn- {]-Xn-]m-Z\--fm-Wv- A-Xn- \n-d-p\n-p--Xv.- a-\p-jy-v- ]mTam-bn-o-tc-- K-X-Im-ekw-`-hsf- A-Xv- F-Sp-p--cn-p-Xv- ssZ-hn-I- am-KZ- -i\
-
- nte-v- P-\--fp-sS- {i---Wnp- - X n- \ p- th- n- b m- W v.BXv- a - k w- k v- I c- W - n- \ p- X Ip- D]-tZ-i- \n-tZ-i--tfmsSm-w- `u-Xn-IP
- o-hn-X
- n- ]men- t - hn- [ n- h n- e - p- I - f pwAXp-sm-p-p.- {k-jv-Smhn- s - d - A- k v- X n- X zs- - na\p-jy-sc- t_m-[y-s-Sp-p-X-c-n- {]m-]-n-I- {]-Xn`mk-s
- f-p-dn-- hn-iZ- o-Ic
- W-fpw- Jp-B-\n-ep-v.Jp-B- H-cp- A-am-\p-jn-IZr-jv-Sm--am-sW-v- ]-d-bmIm-c-W-sa--v?a-\p-jy-p- c-Nn-p-hmIgn-bm-- k-hn-ti-ja- m-b- Hcp{K\v-Y-am-Wv- Jp-B.- \m-]Xp- h-b-p-hsc- bmsXm-cpkm-ln-Xym-`n-cpNnbpw- {]-I-Sn-nm-- H-cp- \n-c--c-\n-eq-sStem-Iw- {i-hn- Jp-B\n-sd-

A-\n-X-c-am-b- km-ln-Xy-ssi-enB-pw- A\p-I-cn-m-\m-hm- X m- W v.- C- p- \n- e - \ n- p- th- Z - { K- \ v- Y - - f nssZhn-I-sa-v- kzbw- A-h-Imi-s-Sp--Xpw- A-h-X-cn-n-s-- cq-]-n-X-s- C-pw\n- e - \ n- p- - X p- a m- b - G- I {K\vYw- Jp-B-\mWv.- Jp--B\n- s e- [m- a n- I - \n- b - a - km- h - I m- e n- I - h pw- A- X v{]Zm\w- sN-p-- kmm-KnIkw-hn-[m-\w- In-S-b--Xp-am-Wv-.Zo- L - a m- b - C- c p- ] - n- a q- vhj--n-S-bn- hn-`n--fm-b- ]-cn-Xk
- v- Yn-Xn-If
- n- hn]pe-hpw- _r-l
- p-amb- hnj-b
- sf-p-dn-v- Ah XoW-am-bJp-B- kq-IvX--fn- bmsXm- c p- ssh- c p- y- h p- a n- s Xm-Wv- H-cp- AXv-`pXw.Jp-B- kr-jv-Sn-- ]-cn-h-\-am-I-s- A-Xp-ey-hpw- al-c-hp-am-Wv.- F-m- \n-e-pwA-[-a-am-b- H-cp- k-aq-l-stIh-ew- C-cp-]-n-aq-v- h-jm-ew- sIm-v- tem-I--n-\vapgp-h- am-Xr-I-bm-b- H-cp-

17

Ckvemw- Fm...kaq-l-am-n- am-n-b- {K-\v-Y-amW-Xv.- JpB-\n-se- {]-h-N-\-f

- m-Is
- - A-c
- w-{]-Xn- ]p-e-psIm-v- A-Xv- k-hI
- m-eP
- vR
- m\n- b n- - \ n- p- - X m- s W- vsXfn-bn-p-I-gn-n-p-v.]-Xn-\m-ep- \q-m-p-I-pap- v- tem- I w- im- k v- { X- k mtXnI- cw-K-v- h--q-P y-nem-bn-cn-p-tm- A-h-X-cn-n-s-- Jp-B- kq-Iv-X--fnsem-p-t]m-epw- B-[p-\n-I- imkv-{X-K-th-j-W--fp-sS- ^e-v- hn-cp-a- m-b- bmsXm-cp-

{]-kv-Xm-h-\-bpw- \Sp-n-s-Xm-Wv- asmcp- alm-Xv`p-Xw.am-{X-hpa-,- JpB-\n-se- -h-N\-- k-hi

- I
- vX
- \
- m-b- {k-jvSmhn-t-dX
- m-sW-v- B-[p-\nIim- k v- { X- - n - s - d - I- s - epI- hy- I v- X - a m- p- I - b pwsNp-p-sh--Xm-Wv- A-Xns- d - A- a m- \ p- j n- I - X - p- asm-cp- sX-f-n-hv.-

\-p-sS- Zm-k\
- v- \mw- A-hX
- c
- n-n-p-sIm-Sp-X
- n-s\(Jp-B\n-s\-)-]-n- \n-- kw-i-bm-ep--fm-sW-nA-Xn-t-dX
- p-t]m-ep-- H-cp- A-[ym-bs
- a-n-epw- \n-sIm-p-hc
- n-I.- A-m-lp-hn-\v- ]p-ds
- a- \n--p-- klm-bn-Is
- f-bpw- hn-fn-p-sIm-p-I.- \n-- k-Xy-hm-mcm-sW-n.- \n--X
- v- sN-m-\m-bn-s-n-\n--Xv- H-cn--epw- sN-m-\m-hp-I-bn-- a-\pjy-cpw- i-n-eI-fpw- C-\v-[-\-am-bn- I-n--s-Sp-- \-c-Im-Kv-\n-sb\n-- I-m
- p-kq-n-p-sIm-p-I.- k-Xy-\n-tj-[n-Ip-th-n- H-cp-n-sh--s--Xm-Ip-p- A-XvJp-B- 2:-23,- 24.-

18

Ckvemw- Fm...th-Z-{K-\v-Y-n-\n-v- \n-\-v- t_m-[-\w- \-I-s-XvHm-Xn-t-n-p-I-bpw- \-a-kv-Im-cw- ap-d-t]m-se- \n-hln-p-I-bpw- sN-p-I.- Xo--bm-bpw- \-a-kv-Imcw- \njn--I-a--fn-\n-pw- \o-N-hr-n-I-fn-\n-pw- XSbp-p.- A-m-lp-sh- Hm-an-p-Is
- b-X
- v- A-Xn-al
-
- mb- H-cp- Im-cyw-X-s-bm-Ip-p.- \n-- {]-h-n-p-sX-tm- A-Xv- A-m-lp- A-dn-bp-p
Jp-B- 29:- 45.F-s-m-am-WvC-kv-em-an-I- Ia-?C-kv-em-an-se- A-Xn-{]-[m-\am-b- \n-_-\v-[- I-am-\p-jvTm\- - A- s - - a m- W v.kXykm- yw,- \- a - k v- I m- c w,kImv,- {h- X m- \ p- j v- T m- \ w,lPv-Pv-.-

p-I-bn-s-pw- apl--Zv\_n- b p- s S- (k)- Po- h n- X s- am-Xr-I-bm-n- kz-wPo-hn-X-s- ap-tm-p-\-bnp-sIm-m-sa-pw- {]-Xn-PvR-sb-Sp-p-I-bm-Wv- Cukm-y-h-N-\w- sNm-p-bm- sN-p--Xv.-

F-m-Wv- k-Xy-km--yw?"B-cm-[-\-v- A-m-lp-hmsX- B- c pw- X - s - A- l \s-pw- ap-l--Zv- (k)- A-mlp- h n- s - d - Zq- X - \ m- s W- pwRm- km-yw- h-ln-p-p'sh- - {]- X n- P v- R mhm- N - I wsNmn-sm-m-Wv- H-cm- apkven-am-Ip--Xv.- G-I-\m-b- {k-jvSm-hn\-m-sX- a-m-pw- bmsXmcp- B-cm-[-\-bpw- A-n-

F-m-Wv- \-a-kv-Im-cw?A-p-t\-cs- \n-_

- \v-[- \-a-kv-Im-cw- Hm-tcm- apkve
- n-an-s-db
- pw- _m-[y-Xb
- mWv.- A-cp-tWm-Z-b-n-\v- appw- a-[ym-lv-\-n-epw- kmbm-lv\
-
- n-epw- kq-cym-kvX
- a-b-n-\v- ti-j-hpw- cm-{Xnbp-am-Wv- \n-_-\v-[-\-a-kvIm-c-n-s-d- k-a-b-.AwK-ip-n-h-cp-n- `-Iv-Xn-

19

Ckvemw- Fm...-

Ckvemw- Fm...]qhw- k-hi

- I
- vX
- \p-am-bn- \Sp-- kw-`m-j-W-am-Wv- \-a-kvIm-cw.- a-\-n-- {]-Xn-Pv-R-bpw{]m- Y - \ - b p- a m- b n- ssI- s I- n\npw- Ip-\n-pw- kmjvS- mwKw\-an-pw- C-cp-pw- A-p-t\-cwIr-Xy-am-bn- {k-jv-Sm-hp-ambn- kw`m-j-W-n-te-s-Sp- b-YmY- ap-kv-en-an-s-d- Po-hn-Xw- F-mhn-[- sX-p-I-p---fn-\n-pwap-Iv-X-am-bn-cn-p-sa-p-d-m-Wv.F-m-Wv- k-Im-v?kz-w- kz-n-\n-v- H-cphn-ln-Xw- k-aq-l-n-se- A-h-iX- A-\p-`h
- n-p-h
- -p-thn\o-n-sh-p-hm- apkvenw-I_m-[y-kv-Y-cm-Wv.- C-u- \n-_-\v[-Zm-\-am-Wv- kImv.- \m-W-bk-
- n\pw- I-h
- S-
- c
-
- p-Ipw- h-j-n- c--c- i-X-am\-hpw- Im-jn-I-hn-f-I-v- ]v- iXam-\-hpam-Wv- (P-e-tkN-\w- sN-p--Xm-sW-n- Ap- i-Xa- m-\w-)- k-Im-v.- k-Imv- sImSp-p-X
- n-\v- A-la- mIp-hm- Hm-tcm-n-\pw- Hm-tcmNpcp-nb- ]-cn-[n-I- \n-ivN
- b
- n-s-n-p-v.- kIm-v- sImSpm- _m-[y-kv-Y-cm-b-h-cn-

\nv- C-kv-em-an-I- cm-jv-{StamA-Xn-s-n- k-aq-lw- D--chm-Z-s-Sp-n-b- kvYm-]\-tamA-Xv- ]-n-cn-s-Sp-v- A-l-cmb-h-v- hn-X-c-Ww- sN-p-IbmWv- th--Xv.F-m-Wv- {h-Xm-\p-jv-Tm\w-?H-cp- am-kw- ]-I- k-a-bwap-gp-h- `-W
- ]
- m-\o-b
- f
- n\n-pw- ssew-Kn-I-_-\v-[-n\n-pw- H-gn-p-\n-v- {hX-a\
- pjv-Tn-t--Xv- ap-kvenw-I-fp-sS_m-[y-X-bm-Wv.-JpB- A-hX-cn-n--s-- da-Zm- am-k-amWv- {h-Xm-\p-jv-Tm-\-n-\p-thn- \n-tZ-in-s
- -n-cn-p-X
- v.ssZ-th-NvObp-sS- ap-n- kz-

20

A- h - s c- ip- - N o- I - c n- pIbpw- A-h-sc- kw-kv-Icn-p-I-bpw- sN-m-\p-XIp-- Zm-\w- A-h-cp-sSkz-p--fn-\n-v- \ohm-p-I-bpw- A-h-pth-n- {]m-Yn-p-I-bpwsN-p-I-.

P\--v- am-K-Z-i-\-am-bn-sm-pw- t\-h-gnIm-p--Xpw- k-Xym-k-Xy-hn-th-N-I-hp-am-b- kp-hy-Iv-XsX-fn-hp-I-fm-bn-sm-pw- hn-ip-- Jp-B- A-h-Xcn-n--s-- am-k-am-Ip-p- d-a-Zm.- A-Xp-sIm-v- \n-fn- B-cv- B- am-k-n- k-n-ln-X-cm-tWm- Ah- B- am-kw- {h-X-a-\p-jv-Tn-t--Xm-WvJp-B- 2:-185
w- CNvOsb- k-a-n-p-Ibm-Wv- {hXm-\p-jv-Tm-\-n-eqsS- apkvenw- sN-p--Xv.F-m-Wv- l-Pv-Pv?B-tcm-Ky-hpw- km--n-Iti-j-n-bp-ap-- Hm-tcm- ap-kvenapw- Po-hn-X-n-sem-cn-a-bn-te-v- Xo-Ym-S\
- w- \-S
- W-sa-m-Wv- C-k-vem-an-I-hn[n.Cu- Xo-Y
- m-S\
- a- m-Wv- lPvvPv.- hy-

Xy-kv-X- tZ-i-m-cpw- `m-j-mcpw- h-W-m-cp-am-bn- e--W-n-\m-fp-I- l-Pv-Pv- am-kn- a--bn- H-cpan-p- IqSp-p.- a-\-n- H-tc- Nn-,- Npn- H-tc- a--{w,- [-cn--Xv- Htc-X-cw- h-kv-{X--]pcp-jm- sh-fp-- cp- Xp-Wn- I
- am-{Xw- H-v- D-Sp-m-\pw- a-smv- ]p-X-bv-m-\pw- (kv-{Xo-Iv- i-co-c-`m-K-- sh-fn-hm-Im-

hm-n-tem- {]-hr-n-bn-tem- A-o-ew- h-cm-sX-bpw- sXmSn-w- {]-h-n-m-sX-bpw- B-sc-n-epw- Am-lp-hn\v- l-Pv-Pv- sN-bv-Xm- A-h- am-Xm-hn-s-d- hbn\n-p- ]n-d-p-ho-W- Zn-h-k-n-se--t]m-sebm-bn-ocpw-.
ap-l--Zv- \-_n-

Jp-B- 9:-103

21

Ckvemw- Fm...,- ap-J-hpw- ap-ssI-bpw- Hgn-p--h-sb-mw- a-d-bv-p-A-b-- h-kv-{Xw-).- C-kv-em-ans-d- G-I-am-\-h-Xm- kn-m-w
l-Pv-Pn- {]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-bn{]I-Sn-n--s-Sp-I-bm-Wv.- ap-Xem-fn-tbm- sXm-gn-em-fn-tbm- Idp- h - t \m- sh- f p- - h - t \mDX-Ip-eP
- m-Xt- \m- A-[a- t\mkz-tZ-in-tbm- hn-tZ-intbm- H-pan-m-- GI-am\hX- Htc- Hcp- ssZ-hw- am{Xw-;- A-h-sd- Zm-k-m-cmb- H-scm-- P-\-X-bpw.F-m-Wv- I-Av-_?a- - b n- s e- ]p- c m- X - \ - a m- b
tZhm- e - b - n- s - d - t]cm- W vIAv-_.- k-h-i-Iv-Xs\- B-cm[n-p-hm- B-Zy-am-bn- kv-Ym-]n-s-- `-h-\-am-W-Xv.- ssZ-hI- ] - \ - {]- I - m - c w- X- s - d Ipn-s\-bpw- `m-cy-sb-bpw{]hm-N-I-\m-b- C-{_m-lnw- (A)D-t]-n-p-t]m-b-Xv- I-Av-_bpsS- ]-cn-k-c-m-bn-cp-p.C_v-dm-lo-apw- ]-p-{X-\m-b- C-kvam-Cu-epw- Iq-Sn-bm-Wv- ssZ-hI-]-\- {]-Im-cw- IA-v-_-b-p-sS]p-\-\n-am-Ww- \-S-n-b-Xv.-

apkve
- nw-I- \-ak
- vI
- c
- n-p-XpwI- A v- _ - - ` n- a p- J - a m- b n- s mmWv.- l-Pv-Pn-se- I- aI-Av-_-bp-sS- ]-cn-k-c--fnsh-m-Wv- \n-hl
- n-s
- -Sp-Xv.ap-kv-enw-I- IAv-_-sbBcm-[n-p-p-tm?C-.- ap-kv- enw-I- k-h-temI-{k-jvS- m-hn-s\- am{XamWv- Bcm-[n-p-X
- v.- I-Av_
- - H-cp- krjvS- n-bm-Wv.- G-Is
- sZ-hs
- - Bcm-[n-p-hm- B-Zy-am-bn- \nan--s-- a-n-c-sa-- \n-e-bv-vI-Av-_-sb- ap-kv-enw-I- B-Zcn-p-p.- I-Av-_-p- Nppw- \S-p-- l-PvP
- n-se- I-a
- - IAv-_-tbm-Sp-- {]m-Y-\-bpsm-p-n-.- IAv-_-v- A`n-ap-J-am-bn- \np-sIm-p-\-a-kv-Im-c-n-epw- kv-Yn-Xn- CXp-X-s.- I-Av-_-sb- B-cm-[np-I-tbm- A-Xn-t\m-Sv- {]m-Ynp-I-tbm- sN-p--h- C-kvem-an-I- hr-n-\v- ]p-d-mWv.

Ckvemw- Fm...\- - b pw- Xn- - b pw- Ir- X yambn- hy-h-Nv-tO-Zn-v- a-\-n-emp-hm a-\p-jyv- I-gn-bp-Ibn.- \- s b- m- s W- pwXn-sb-m-sW-pw- ]-Tn-n-p-Xn-\p-th-n-bm-Wv- kh-iIv-X- {]hmN-I-m-sc- ]db-X
- v.- {]-hmN-I
- m- c
- n- A-na-\m-Wv- ap-l--Zv- \_n- (k)-.A-tm- ap-l--Zv- \_n
(k)-p- ti-j-ap-- a\pjysckw-_-\v-[n-n-S-tm-fw- \-Xn-If
- p-sS- am-\Z- W
- vU
- w- ap-l
- Zv-

\- _ n- ( k)- b p- s S- Po- h n- X - h pwAt-l-n-eq-sS- A-h-Xcn-n- s - - th- Z - { K- \ v- Y - a m- b JpB\p-am-Wv.- Hm-tcm- hn-jbn- e - p - a p- - \- - t b- X v- Xn- tbXv- F-v- a-\-n-em-p-hmJp- B - \ n- t e- pw- - ap- l - - Z v\_n- (k-)-bp-sS- Po-hn-X- amXrIbn-te-pw-- t\m-n-bm- a-Xn.-

\n--fp-sS- ap-J-- In-g-tm-tm- ]-Sn-m-tdm-t-m- Xncn-p-I- F-X

-
- - ]p-Wyw.- F-m,- A-m-lp-hnepw- Ay-Zn-\
- n-epw- a-e
- p-If
- n-epw- th-Z{- K-\vY
-
- n-epw- {]-hmN-I-m-cn-epw- hn-iz-kn-p-I-bpw- kz-n-t\m-Sv- {]nb-apm-bn-pw- A-Xv- _-\v-[p--pw- A-\m-Y-I-pw- AK-Xn-I-p-w- h-gn-t]m--\pw- tNm-Zn-p-h-cp--h-pwA-Sn-a-tam-N-\-n-\pw- \-Ip-I-bpw- {]mY\- ap-d-{]-Imcw- \n-h-ln-p-I-bpw- k-Im-v- \-Ip-I-bpw- I-cm-dnte--s-m- A-Xv- \n-d-th-p-I-bpw- hn-j-a-X-I-fpw- Zp-cnX--fpw- t\-cn-Sp-tm-gpw- bp--cw-K-pw- -a- ssIsm-p-I-bpw- sN-bv-X-h-cm-tcm- A-h-cm-Ip-p ]p-Wyhm-m.- A-h-cm-Ip-p- k-Xyw-]m-en--h.- A-h-X-sbm-Ip-p- (tZm-j-_m-[-sb-)- kqn--h-

\--Xn--I-sf-p-dn-C-kv-eman-I- ho--W-sa-v?-

22

Jp-B- 2:-177.-

23

Ckvemw- Fm...ap-kv-en-an-s-dkz-`m-h-k- hnti-j-X-IF-s-m-am-b-n-cn--Ww?k-Xy-k-\v-[-X,- \o-Xn-\n-jv-T,I-cm-]m-e\

- w,- -a,- k-l\
- w-,- Imcp-Wyw,- hn-\-bw,- hm-k-eyw,- ePv-P,- am-\y-X,- kvt\-lw,- BZchv- Xp-S-n-b- kz-`m-h--sfmwap-kv-en-an-s-d- Hmtcm- {]h--

\--fn-ep-apm-h-W-sa-m-WvJp-B\
- pw- \-_n-sam-gn-If
- pw- \njv-I-jn-p--Xv.ap-kv-en-anD-m-hm- ]m-Sn-m-
kz`m-h--sf-s-mw?
Im-]-Syw,- A-kq-b,- A-Xym{Klw,- hn- t Zz- j w,- h- - \ ,-

Im-cp-Wyw- F-Sp-p-am-s
- -Sp-I- l-X`- m-Ky-\n-\n-p- am{X-am-Wv '."H-cm- X-s-d- k-tlm-Z-c-s-d- A-km-n-y-n- Abm-fp-sS- A-`n-am-\-kw-c--W-n-\p-th-n- {]-b-Xv-\nm- A-bm-sf- \-c-I-hn-ap-I-vX-\m-- A-m-lp-hn-sd- _m-[y-X-bm-bn'.kr-jv-Sn-I- A-m-lp-hn-s-d- B-{in-X-cm-Wv.- X-s-dB-{in-X-v- D-]I
- m-cw- sN-bvX
- p-sIm-Sp-p-h
- c
- m-Wv- Am-lp-hn-\v- G--hpw- C-jv-S-s--h'."e-Pv-P- Kp-W-a-m-sX- h-cp-p-I-bn-'."]-pW
- yw- k-kz-`m-ha- m-Wv.- ]m-]w- \n-s-d- lr-Zb
-
- nkw-i-bw- tXm-p-I-bpw- P-\-- Im-Wp--Xv- \o- CjvS-s-Sm-Xn-cn-p-Ib
- pw- sN-p-- Im-cy-ta-tXm- A-XmWv '."k-Xy-hn-izm-kn- km-Xzn-I-\pw- am-\y-X-bp--h-\p-am-bn-cnpw.- ssZ-h-[n-m-cn- h--I-\pw- am-\y-X-bn-m--h-\pam-bn-cn-pw-.
ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k).-

24

"c-p- Im-cy-- k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-bn- H-cp-an-p-Iq-Sp-Ibn-.- ]n-ip-pw- Zp-k-z-`m-h-hpw'."N-Xn-b\

- pw- ]n-ip-\
- pw,-- sN-bvX
- - D-]I
- m-c
- - F-Sp-p]-d-bp--h-\pw- kz-K-n- {]-th-in-p-I-bn-'."tIm-]w- ss]-im-Nn-I-am-Wv '.G-j-Wn-m-c-- kz-K-n- {]-th-in-p-I-bn-'."\m-ep- Im-cy-- B-cn-se-n-ep-ap-m-bm- A-bmX-\n- I-]-S-\m-bn.- A-h-bn- H-cp- Im-cy-am-Wv- H-cm-fn-epm-b-sX-n-- A-sXm-gn-hm-p--Xp-h-sc- Im-]-Sy-ns-d- H-cp- A-S-bm-fw- A-bm-fn-ep-m-bn-cn-pw.- hnizkn-m- N-Xn-p-I,- kw-km-cn-m- I-w- ]-d-bpI.- Icm- sN-bv-Xm- h-n-p-I.- ]n-W-n-b-m- sX-dn-hnfn-p-]-d-bp-I- C-h-bm-Wm- Im-cy-'."\n-s-d- k-tlm-Z-c- \n-s- hn-iz-kn-p-- H-cp- Imcyn- \o- A-h-t\m-Sv- I-f-hp-]-d-bp-I-sb--Xv- sImSpwh--\-bm-Wv-
ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k-).-

[qv,- ]n-ip-v-,- A-l-m-cw,Ir- { Xn- a - X zw- , - s]m- - w,]-cn-l-kn-,- I-w- ]-d-b,

GjWn-,- ]-c-Zq-j-Ww- ]-d-b-ap-tIm-]w- F-o- kz-`m-h-sfm-pw- ap-kve
- n-an- D-m-hm]m-Sn-s-m-Wv- Jp B\pw- \_n-h-N-\--fpw- hy-Iv-X-am-p-Xv.-

`-W-n-s-dIm-cy-n-ep-- C-kv-em-an-I\n-e-]m-sS-m-W-v?`-W-]m-\o-b-- ]q-Wam-bpw- D-t]-n-p-sIm-m-Wvtam-w- t\-tS--Xv F- \ne]m-Sn-t\m-Sv- C-kve

- mw- tbm-Pn-pn-.- F-m- \-- `-W-]m-\ob-f
- pw- D-]t- bm-Kn-phm- A-

25

Ckvemw- Fm...\p- h - Z n- - p - - X n- t \m- s Sm- wXs- Cu- cwKv- Aan-X-Xzw]m-Sn-s-v- C-kv-emw- {]-tXy-Iam- b n- \n- j v- I - j n- p- p- v.ihw,- ]-n-amwkw,- c-IvX
- w,- aZyw,ssZ-th-X-c-cp-sS- t]-cn- A-dp-s-Xv- Xp-S-n-b- \n-jn--am-s- `--W-]m-\o-b--fn\nv- ]q-W-am-bpw- Hgnp\n- p- - h - \ m- W v- bYm- Y apkv-enw.-

h-kv-{X-[m-c-W-s-p-dn-C-kvem-an-I- hn-[n-sb-m-Wv?h-kv-{Xw- A-e-m-c-n-\pw\-Kv\

- X
- - a-db
- v
- m-\p-ap-X
- mWv.h-kv-{X-[m-c-W-n- A-an-X-Xzhpw- A-l
- m-ch
- p-ap-m-Ip-hm]m-Sn-.- k-v-{Xo-I-fpw- ]p-cp-j-mcp-sa-mw- am-\y-am-bn- h-kv{- Xw- [cn--W-sa-m-Wv- Ckv-emw- ]-Tnnp--Xv.- \Kv-\X- a-d-bv-p-Ibm-Wv- h-kv-{X-[m-c-W-n-s-d-

"\n-\
- v- B-tcm-Ky-ap-m-bn-cn-p-Ib
- pw- \n-s- ]n-ipv_m-[n-p-I-bpw- \o- Zm-cn-{Zy-s- `-b-s-Sp-I-bpw- k-X-sb- Imw-n-p-I-bpw- sN-p-- L--n- \o- sNp-- Zm\-am-Wv- G--hp-a-[n-Iw- {]-Xn-^-ew- e-`n-pZm-\w'."Po-hn-n-cn-p-- Im-e-v- H-cp- Zn-lw- Zm-\w- sN-p-Xv- a-cn-m- t\-c-v- \q-dp- Zn-lw- Zm-\w- sN-p--Xnt\-m- F-{X-tbm- D--a-am-Wv '."sIm-Sp-- Zm-\w- Xn-cn-p-hm-p--h O-Zn--Xp- Xnp-- \m-b-sb-tm-se-bm-Ip-p'."[\n-I-m-sc- am-{Xw- -Wn-p-I-bpw- Z-cn-{Z-m- A-hK-Wn--s-Sp-I-bpw- sN-p-- k-Zybp-sS- `--Ww- h-fsc- tam-i-s-- `--W-am-Wv '
ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k).-

26

Ckvemw- Fm..."a-]n-Sp--n- A-]-c-s\- X-n-bn-Sp--Xn-eq-sS-bi-Iv-X-s\- Xo-cp-am-\n-t--Xv.- tZ-jyw- h-cp-tmkzw- a-\-n-s\- Io-gv-s-Sp-p--h-\m-Wv- i-Iv-X'."hn-p-tm-gpw- hm-p- t- -mg
- pw- I-Sw- sIm-Sp-X
- v- Xncn-p-tNm-Zn-p-tm-gpw- hn-p-ho-gv-Nm- a-\-x-kv-Yn-Xn- Im-Wnp-- a-\p-jy-t\m-Sv- A-m-lp- I-cp-W- sN--s'."G--hpw- t{i-jv-T-am-b- k-a-cw- A-{I-an-bm-b- `-c-Wm-[nIm-cn-bp-sS- ap-n- \o-Xn-bp-sS- hm-p-]-d-b-em-Wv '
ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k).-

]-c-a-{]-[m-\-am-b- e-yw.- ]pcpj-\pw- kv{Xo-bpw- A-]-c-\n"k- k z- ` m- h - - f p- s S

]qo- I-cW-n-\m-WvRm- \ntbm-Kn-s
- -n-cnp--Xv '.ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k)."A-m-lp- \n--fp-sS- cq]n-tetm- k--n-tetm- A- t\m-p--Xv.A-h- t\m-p-X
- v- \nfp-sS- a-\n-te-pw- {]-h-\--fn-te-p-amWv
ap-l--Zv- \-_n-(k)-.

ssew-Kn-I-hn-Im-c-apm-p-co-Xn-bn- hkv-{Xw- [cn-m]m-Sn-.- kv{Xo- A-h-fp-sS- ap-Jhpw- ap-ssI-bp-sam-gn-v- _mn- i-co-c-`m-K--sf-mw- ]qW-am-bn- ad-n-cn--Ww.- A-h-fpsS- hn-ip-n- Im-p-kq-n-pI-bpw- Ah- B-{I-an--s-SmXn-cn-p-- Ah-kv-Y- kw-Pm-Xam-p-Ib
- pam-Wv- Cu- h-kv{- X-[mc-W-n-s-d- e-yw.
hn-t\m-Z--sf- C-kv-emwF--s\- Im-Wp-p?am- \ - k n- I - h pw- im- c o- c n- I hpam-b- D-m-k-n-\p-X-Ip-hnt\m-Z--sf- C-kv-emw- A\p-

27

Ckvemw- Fm..."B-sc-n-epw- H-cp- Nm-`q-an- B-{I-an-p- ssI-h-i-sSp-n-bm- (]-c-tem-I-v-)- A-XvG-gp- `q-an-bn-\n-p-sa-Sp-v- A-hs
- -d- I-gp-n-en-Spw'."B-sc-n-epw- k--m-Zn-p-hm- th-n- bm-N-\- \-S-pI-bm-sW-n- Xo---bm-Wv- A-bm-- bm-Nn-p-hm-p-Xv '."h--h-\pw- Io-n- em-m-n-bm- A-m-lp- A-h-s\A-]I
- o-n-s-Sp-pw.- h-h
- \
- pw- ]p-ds
- a- Im-Wn-mI-aw- sN-bv-Xm- A-h-\m-{K-ln-m-- hn-[-n- Am-lp- A-h-s\- Im-Wn-pw'."hn-\m-i-I-c-am-b- G-gp-]m-]-- \n--- h-Pv-PnpI.- A-m-lp-hn-t\m-Sv- ]-p- tN-p-I.- am-c-Ww- sN-pI.- A-m-lp- B-Z-cn-- Po-h-s\- A-\ym-b-am-bn- sIm-es-Sp-p-I,- ]-en-i- Xn-p-I,- A-\m-Y-bp-sS- [-\w- Xnp-I,- tLm-c-bp-w- \-S-p-tm- ]n-n-cn-tmSp-I,]-Xn-{h-X-I-fpw- k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-\n-I-fpw- Zp--S-s-s-dn-bm--h-cp-am-b- kv-{Xo-I-sf--n- Ip-mtcm-]-Ww- D-bn-p-I.- C-h-bm-W-h
ap-l--Zv- \_n- (k).

h-Zn-p-I-bpw- A-h- Hcn--epwA-Xn-c-p- I-hn-b-cp-sX-v- \n-jvI-jn-p-Ib

- pw- sNp-p.- ssZh-t_m-[-n--\n-v- a-\p-jy-scA-I-p-I-bpw- [m-an-I-am-bn- A-

h-sc- A-[x-]X
- n-n-p-Ib
- pwsN-p-- hn-t\m-Z
- s
- fmwC-kv-emw- sh-dp-pp.-hn-hm-l-s-p-dn--

28

Ckvemw- Fm...C-kv-em-an-Iho--W-sa-m-Wv-?a-\p-jy-k-l-P-am-b- ssew-KnI-hn-Im-c-ns-d- ]-cn-]q-oIc- W w- hn- h m- l - n- e q- s Sam{Xta- B- I m- h q- s h- m- W vCkv-emw- \n-jv-I-jn-p--Xv.-

W-I- cp-t]-cpw- kzo-Ic

- n-t- hn-[n-hn-e-p-I- Ckvemw\-Ip-p-v.- Cu- hn-[n-hn-epI- A-\p-kc
- n-p-X
- p-hg
- nkw-X-r-]-vX-am-b- ssh-hm-ln-I-Pohn" X-hpw- k-am-[m-\-]q-W-am-ba-cW
- m-\
- c
- P
- o-hn-Xh
- pw- e-`n-p-

\n--v- k-am-[m-\]
- q-hw- H-p-tN-tc-X
- n-\m-bn- \n-fn-\n-p-X-s- \n--v- C-W-I-sf- kr-jv-Sn-pI-bpw- \n--n-S-bn- kv-t\-l-hpw- Imcp-Wy-hpwDm-p-Ib
- pw- sN-bvX
- X
- pw- A-hs
- -d- Zr-jvS- m-
- f
- ns]-X
- t- {X.- Xo-b
- m-bpw- A-Xn- Nn-n-p-- P-\
- v- Zrjv-Sm---fp-v
Jp-B- 30:- 21
hnhm-lw- H-cp- ]p-Wy-I-aa- m-Wv.{_lva- N
- c
- yw- i-IvX
- a- m-bn- \n-tcm[n-s
- -n-p-v.- C-kve
- mw- hnhml-s- Im-Wp--Xv- hnip--amb- H-cp- I-cm-dm-bn-sm-mWv.ssh-hm-ln-I- Po-hn-X-n- C"C- l - t em- I w- ap- g p- h A\p-`-hn-m-\p--Xm-Wv.Cl-n-se- G--hpw- \-A-\p-`h
- w- \-- kv{- Xo-bt- {X
ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k).-

sa-Xm-Wv- hmkv-X-hw.C-kv-em-an-sehn-hm-l-sa--s\bm-Wv?kv-{Xo-bp-sS- k--X-tm

sS- A-hfp-sS- c-n-Xm-hv- ]pcpj-\v- X-s-d- a-Is
- f- A-Yh
- m- kwc--W-n- I-gn-bp--hsfG-]n-p-sIm-Sp-p-Ib
- pw- ]p-cpj- A-Xv- G-s-Sp-p-Ibpw- sNp-- e-fn-X-am-b- Hcp- N-S--mWv- C-kv-em-an-se- hnhmlw.- hnhm-lm-h-k-c-n- ]p-cp-j-

29

Ckvemw- Fm...kv{Xo-v- hn-hm-l-aqeyw- \-IW-sa-m-Wv- Ckvemw- \n-jv-Ijn-p-Xv.-

b-pw- t]m-t-- ]q-W- D-chm-Zn-w- ]p-cp-j-\n-emWv- `cta-]n-n-cn-p--Xv.-

Ip-Spw-_-n-se]p-cp-j-s-dbpw- kv-{Xo-bp-sSbpw_m-[y-X-I-sf-sm-s-bm-Wv?Zm--X-y-Po-hn-X-n- ]p-cpj- s - d - b pw- kv- { Xo- b p- s S- b pw_m-[y-X-I-fpw- A-h-I-m-i--fpwhy-Xy-kv-X-hpw- A-tXm-sSm-w]c-kv-]-c-]q-c-I-hp-am-WvFmWv- C-kve
- mw- ]-Tn-n-p-Xv.- Kr-l-]-cn-]m-e-\-hpw- k-m\- kw-c--W-hpw- kv-{Xo-bp-sSNp-a-X-e-bm-Wv-.- Kr-l-kw-c--Whpw- Po-hn-Xm-tbm-[-\-hpw- ]p-cpj-s-d- I-Sa- b
- m-Wv.- kv{- Xo-bn-seam-Xr-Xz-s- B-Zc
- np-- Ckvemw -A-h-sf-bpw- Ip-p--sf-

_-lp-`m-cy-Xz-s-p-dn-
C-kv-em-an-I- ho--W-sa-v?_- l p- ` m- c y- X zw- C- k vemwA\p-hZn-p-p-;- `m-cy-am-n-Sbn- \o-Xn-tbm-sS- h-n-W
- sa-- \n-_-\v-[-\-tbm-sS.- \mep- `m-cy-am-cn- I-hn-b-cp-Xv.hnhm-tl-X-c- ssew-Kn-I-_-\v-[- t-Nv-O-hr-n-bpw- ]m-]hp-am-Wv.- H-cp- Im-c-W-h-im-epw]- c - k v- { Xo- K - a - \ w- ]m- S n- s - v\njvI
- -jn-p-- C-kv- emw- GI]-Xv-\o- {h-Xw- sIm-v- ssew-KnI-Zm-lw- ian-n-m-\m-hm-- ]pcp-j-m-v- _-lp-`m-cy-Xzw- A\p-h-Zn-p-p.- Hn-e-[n-Iw- kv{Xo-I-fp-am-bn- ssew-Kn-I-_-\v-[-

"a\p-jy-\v- \n-t-]n-p-sh-m-hp--Xn- G--hpw- \-XvF-m-sWv- \n--v- Rm- ]-d

- p-Xc
- s
- -tbm-?- \H-cp- `m-cy- t\m-n-bm- k-tm-jw- \-Ip-,- I-]-nm- A-\p-kc
- n-p-,- - `-m-hn-s-d- A-`m-h
- n- Abm-v- A-h-Im-i-s--sX-mw- kq-n-p-- H-cp- `mcy'
ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k).-

30

Ckvemw Fm..."`m-cy-v- `-m-hn-\n-p- e-`n-t--h-:- \o- `--n-pp-sh-n- A-hs

- f-bpw- `-n-n-p-I.- \o- h-kv{- Xw- [cnp-p-sh-n- A-hs
- f-bpw- h-kv{- Xw- [-cn-n-pI.- apJ-Sn-p-I-tbm- ssh-cq-]yw- h-cp-p-I-tbm- sN--cp-Xv.ho-n- sh-
- m-sX- ]n-W
- n-\n-c
- p-Xv '.-"kv{Xo-If
- p-ambn- G--hpw- D--a-am-b- \n-ebn-te- h-n-m-hq- F-F-s-d- D-]-tZ-iw- \n-- kzo-I-cn-Ww.- \n--fp-ambp-- I-cm-dn-s-d- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\-n- \n--tfm-Sv- _\v-[-s-p-\n-Ip--h-cm-W-h.- a-sm-c[n-Im-chpw- Ah-cp-sS- ta- \n--n-.- Ah- hy-Iv-X-am-b- h-- \oN-hr-n-If
- n-epw- G-s-s-n-e
- msX.- A-s
- \- h-X
- pwsN-bv-Xm- \n--f-h-cn-\n-v- hn-p-am-dn- In-S-p-I.- apdn-hp-m-m--hn-[w- Ah-sc- A-Sn-p-I-bpw- sN-pI.- A--s\- \n--sf- A-h- A-\p-k-cn-p-I-gn-mbm-sXm-cp- A-{I-a-am-K-hpw- A-h-s-Xn-cn- \n-A-t\z-jn-p-t]mIcp-Xv '
ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k).-

n-te-s-Sp-Ib
- pw- A-ht- cm-Sp- _m-[y-X- A-tm--X-sXo-p-Ib
- pw- sN-p-- \n-Ir-jvS-am-b- k-{-Zm-bs
- - Ckvemw]q-W-ambn- \n-tcm-[n--p-p.C-Xn-\p- ]-I-cw- A\n-hm-cy-am-bkm-l-N-cyn- H-n-e-[n-Iwkv-{Xo-I-sf- \n-b-am-\p-kr-X- `mcy-am-cmn- A-h-sc- kw-c-n-

p-I-bpw- A-h-cp-sS- A-h-Im-i- A-\p-h-Zn-p-sIm-Sp-p-Ibpw- A-h-tcm-Sv- Xpey-\o-Xn-bnh-n-p-I-bpw- sNp-- ]cn-ip--am-b- kw-hn-[m-\-am-WvCkv- e mw- A\p- h - Z n- p- - X v._lp-`m-cy-Xzw- hy-Iv-Xn-]-c-am-bB- h - i y- s a- - X n- e p- ] - c n- b m- b nkm-aq-ln-I-amb H-cp- A-\n-hm-

31

Ckvemw- Fm...cy-X-bm-bn-o-cp-- k--`-fp-v.- kaq-l-n-se- kv-{Xo-Ifp-sS- Fw- ]p-cp-j-m-c-p-tS-Xnt\-m- h-[n-p-- A-h-kc--fn-em-Wn-Xv.- s]m-Xp-th- kaq-l-n- ]p-cp-j-m-tc-mkv{Xo-I-fm-Wp-m-hp-I.- (C-vtem- I - n- s e- kv- { Xo- I - f p- s SFw- ]p-cp-j-m-cp-tS-Xn-t\m- G- I - t Z- i w- ]- X n- t \gvtImSn- A-[n-Iw- h-cpw)-.- bp-Im- e v- Cu- A- \ p- ] m- X hyXymkw- h-f-sc- Iq-Sp-X-em-bno-cpw.- bp--n- ]-p-cp-j-

m- a- c - W - s - S m- \ m- W - t mkm[y- X - G- s d- b p- - X v.Ccw- k--`--fn- _-lp`m-cy-Xzw- H-cp- km-aq-ln-I-am-bA-\n-hm-cy-Xb

- m-bn-o-cp-sa-Xp- I q- S n- I- W - n- s e- S p- psImm-Wv- C-kve
- mw- A-\p-hZnn-cn-pXv.-

hn-hm-l-tam-N-\-s-p-dn-vC-kv-emw- F-p- ]-d-bp-p?Ip-Spw-__-\v-[w- kp-Zr-Vambn- \n- e - \ n- p- - X n- \ m-

"`m-cy-am-sc- A-Sn-p--h- am-\ym--c-'-."`-m-hv- X-n- kw-Xr-]v-X-\m-bn-cn-p-- A-h-kv-Ybn- a-c-W-s-Sp-- G-Xv- kv-{Xo-bpw- kz-K-n- {]th-in-p--Xm-Wv '-."\n--v- kv{- Xo-If
- n- Nn-e- A-hI
- m-i
- f
- p-v.- \nfp-sS- `m-cy-am-v- \n--fn-epw- Nn-e- A-h-Im-i--fp-v.`-m-hn-s-d- hn-cn-n- \n-v- am-dn-\n-m-Xn-cn-pI.A-t-lt- m-Sv- k-Xy-k\
- v[
- X
- - ]p-e-p-I,- I-]\
- I
- A-\p-k-cn-p-I,- A-\p-h-m-Z-an-m-sX- ho-n-\n-v- ]p-dp-t]m-Im-Xn-cn-p-I,- A-t-lw- sh-dpp--h-sc- hon- {]-th-in-n-m-Xn-cn-p-I.- C-sX-m-amWv- `-mhn-t\m-Sp-- _m-[y-X-I'
ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k).-

32

Ckvemw- Fm..."\n--fm-cpw-X-s- I-p-Im-en-sb-tm-se- X-s-d- {]nbX-as

- b- {]m-]n-c
- p-Xv.- A-h-n-Sb
- n- H-cp- Zq-X- Dmbn-cn--s,- Npw-_-\-hpw- kw-km-c-hp-am-Wo- ZqX'."]-ck
- v]
- c
- w- A-Sp-n-S]
- g
- I
- n-b- ti-jw- `m-cy-bp-sS- clky- {]-Ncn-n-p-- ]p-cp-j-\-t{X- ]p-\-cp-Xv-Ym-\-\mfn- A-m-lp-hn-s-d- A-Sp-v- G--hpw- tamiamb- Ah-kv-Y-bp--h'
ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k).

hiyam- b - \n- t Z- i - - f m- W vCkvemw- \-Ip--Xv.- Cu- \ntZ-i-- ]m-en-p-sIm-p-Po- h n- X w- Ip- S pw- _ - n- s - d sIp-d-
- n-\pw- {]-iv\
- c
- l
- n-Xa- m-bZm- - X y- n- \ pw- h- g n- s bm- c ppp.- F-m,- Ip-Spw-_-Pohn-X-n- D-m-tb-m-hp-A- k zm- c - k y- - p- t \- s cCkv-emw- I--S-p-n-.- A-S--ew-L-\w- sIm-p-m-hp-A-kzm-ck
- y-- h-gn- Ip-Spw-__-\v-[w- ap-dn--p-t]m-ImXn-cnm- {]mtbm-Kn-I-hpw- im-kv{Xo-b-hpam-b- aq-v- am-K-C- k v- e mw- \n- t Z- i n- p- p.BZyw- \-- c-o-Xn-bn- D-]-tZ-inp-I;- ]n-s- i-- _-ln-jv-I-

cn-p-I;- - F-n-pw i-cn-bm-hp-ns-n- kp--cm-h-b-h--sfkq-n-p-sIm-v- F-fn-b- co-Xnbn- in-n-p-I.- Cu- aq-vam-K

- f
- pw- ]-cm-Pb
- s
- -m- CW-I-fp-sS- ho-p-Im- X-n- A\p-cR
- vP
- \
-
- n-\v- {i-an-p-I.- A-s\-bpw- tbm-Pn-n-m-\m-hpn-s-n- am-\y-am-b- co-Xn-bnhn-hm-l-tam-N-\-n-\v- Ckv-emwA-\p-h-Zn-p-p.- A\n-hm-cy-amb- A-h-k-c--fn- am-{X-ta- hnA- \ p- h - Z - \ o- b - a m- b - X nAm- l p- h n- \ v- G- - h pwshdp-p--Xv- hn-hm-l-tamN-\-am-Wvap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k)

33

Ckvemw- Fm..."\n-s
- f-m-hc
- pw- `-cWm-[nIm-cn-If
- pw- A-hc
- h
- cpsS- `c-Wo-b-sc-pdnv- tNm-Z-ywsN-s
- -Sp-h
- c
- p-am-Wv.- Hmtcm- ]pcp-j-\pw- A-bm-fpsS- hop-Im-cn- `-c-Ww- \S-t--h-\m-Wv.- kv-{Xo`r-Kr-l-n-s-d-bpwk--Xn-I-fp-sS-bpw- `-c-Wm[n-Im-cn-bm-Wv.- A-tm\n-- Hm-tcm-cp--cpw`c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-If
- pw- A-hc
- h-cp-sS- {]-P-I-sf- kw-_-\v[n-v- D--c-hm-Zn--h-p-ap-h-cm-Wv 'ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k).-

hm-l-tam-N-\-am-Im-hq- F--XmWv- Ckv-em-an-s-d- A-\p-im-k\.B-mWvhn-hm-l-tam-N-\-n-\vA-[n-Im-cw?C- W - b p- a m- b n- H- c p- co- X nbnepw- s]m-cp--s-v- t]m-Im\m- h p- I - b n- s - v- D- d - p- h - kv{Xo-pw- ]p-cp-j-\pw- hn-hm-l-

34

tam- N - \ - a m- I m- h p- - X m- W v.cpt]-cpw- hn-hm-lt- am-Nn-Xc

- mhp-- co-Xn-I- X-n- A-]kz-]w- hy-Xym-k-ap-s-pam{Xw.
k-m-\]
- c
- n-]m-e\
- s
- -p-dnvC-kv-emw- F-p- ]-d-bp-p?Ip- S pw- _ - P o- h n- X - X n- s - d A\p- { K- l - - f m- b - k- m- \ sf- sF-ln-I-Po-hn-X-n-\pwa-cW
- m-\
- c
- P
- o-hn-X
- n-\pw- D]Im-c-s-Sp-- co-Xn-bn- hft-X
- v- am-Xm-]n-Xm-f
- psS- IS-abm-Wv.- km-\--fp-sS- `uXn-I-hpw- B-Xv-ao-b-hp-am-b- Imcy-- {i-n-t--Xv- am-Xm-]nXm--fm-Wv-.- A-h-sc- kvt\-lnp-I-bpw- _-lp-am-\n-p-I-bpw
th-Ww.- A-tXm-sSm-w-Xs
- - \-I- sN-m- Ah-sc- t{]cn-n-Ip-I-bpw- Xn-I-fn-\n-vA-hs
- c- X-S
- p-\n-p-Ib
- pwth-Ww.- Ip-n-I-fp-sS- sX-p-Iv- sN-dn-b- in- \-Im- Ckv-emw- A\p-h-Zn-p-p.- Fm- AsXm-cn--epw- A-hv- A`n-am-\--X-ap-m-p--

Ckvemw- Fm..."sN-dn-b-h-tcm-Sv- I-cp-W- Im-Wn-m--h-cpw- h-en-b-htcm-Sv-B-Z-c-hv- Im-Wn-m--h-cpw- \-n-s--h-c'."H-cp- ]n-Xm-hn-\p- X-s-d- k--Xn-v- \-- in--W-tm- a-l-m-b- H-cp- k-m-\w- \-Im- I-gn-bp-Ibn'"H-cm-v- H-cp- s]-Ip-n-bp-m-bn-v- A-hs
- f- (Ckvemw]q-h- bp-K-n-te-Xp-t]m-se-)- Ip-gn-p-aq-Sm-sX,- \nnm-sX,- B-Ip-n-I-v- A-ht- f-m- ap-KW
- \
- - \Im-sX- h-f-n-bm- A-m-lp- Abm-sf- kz-K-n{]-th-in-n-p-- Im-cyw- Xo--bmbn'ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k).
Xm-bn-qSm.- k-m-\--tfm-SvXp-ey-\n-e-b-n- s]-cp-am-d-Ww.B-Ip-n-Is
- f-bpw- s]-Ip-nI-sfbpw- D-\
- o-NX
- z-f
- n-m-sXH- t c- co- X n- b n- h- f - - W sam- W v- C- k v- e m- a n- s - d A\pim-k-\.am-Xm-]n-Xm--tfm-Sp-s]-cp-am--n{i-n-t-Im-cy-sf-sm-s-bm-Wv-?{k-jv-Sm-hn-t\m-Sp-- I-S-mSp-I-gn-m- H-cm- G--hp-a[n-Iw- I-Ss
- -n-cn-p-X
- v- amXm-

]n- X m- tfm- S m- s W- m- W vCkvemw- ]- T n- n- p- - X v.Ahsc- [n- - c n- p- I - b pwAhK-Wn-p-I-bpw- A-h-tcm-SvA-\p-k-c-W-t-Sv- Im-Wn-pIbpw- sN-p--Xv- a-lm-]m-]amWv.- F-m- ssZ-hh
- n-tcm-[w{]-h-n-m- am-Xm-]n-Xm-B-h-iy-s-m- AXv- A-\p-kcn-m- ]m-Sn-.- F-m- AhA-ap-kv-enw-I-fm-sW-n-t]mepw- A-h-sc- kw-c-n-t--Xvap-kve
- nw-If
- m-b- k-m-\
- f
- p-sS_m-[y-X-bm-Wv.- hm[-Iym-h-kvY-bn-se-n-b- amXm-]n-Xm--fp-

35

Ckvemw- Fm..."h- ]m-]--fn- G--hpw- h-ep-Xv- A-m-hp-hn- ]ptN-e

- pw- am-Xm-]nXm-s
- f- [n-c
- n-e
- p-am-Wv.- ]n-Xmsf- sh-dp-p--Xv- \-n-tI-Sm-Wv '."Ip-Spw-_-_-\v-[w- ap-dn--h- kz-K-n- {]thin-pI-bn-'Z-cn-{Z\v- Zm\w- sN-p-tm- A-sXm-cp- Zm-\-am-Wv.Fm,- c-Iv-X-_-\v-[-ap-- B-s-n-ep-am-Wv- A-Xv\-Ip-s
- X-n-tem- A-Xv- Zm-\h
- pw- Ip-Spw_-_\
- v[
- w- ]pe-epw- c-pw- Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cn-pw'
ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k)
sS- kw-c--W-ns-d- ]q-Wam-b- D--c-hmZn-w- a--m-Wp--Xv.- hrcm-b- c-n-Xm-tfm-Sv- Ib-p--Xpw- No--

hnfnp-Xp-sa-mw- a-lm-]m-]amsWm- W vC- k v- e mw]TnnpXv.-

X-s-b-m-sX- \n-- B-cm-[n--cp-sX-pw- am-Xm-]n-Xm-v- \--sN--W-sa-pw- \n-s-d- c-n-Xm-hv- hn-[n-n-cnp-p.- A-h-cn- H-cm-tfm- A-h-cn- c-p-t]-c-pw-X-s-tbm\n-s-d- A-Sp-- sh-v- hm--Iyw- {]m-]n-p-I-bm-sW-nA-h-tcm-Sv- \o- sO- F-p- ]-d-bp-I-tbm- A-h-tc-m-Sv- I-b-pI-tbm- sN--cp-Xv.- A-h-tcm-Sv- \o- am-\y-am-b- hm-v- ]-d-bp-I.Im-cp-Wy-tm-Sp-Iq-Sn- F-fn-ab
- p-sS- Nn-dI
- v- \o- A-hc
- n-cp-hpwXm-gv-n-sm-Sp-p-I-bpw- sN-p-I.- F-s-d- c-n-Xm-th,sNdp--n- C-h- C-cp-h-cpw- F-s- t]m-n- h-f-n-b-Xpt]m-se- C-h-tcm-Sv- \o- I-cp-W- Im-Wn-t-W-ta F--v- \o]dbp-I-bpw- sN-p-I
Jp-B- 17:-23,- 24.-

36

Ckvemw- Fm...C-kvemw- hn-`m-h-\w- sN-p-

k-aq-l-sa--s\-bp--Xm-Wv?a-\p-jy-sc-mw- G-I-ssZ-hn- s - d - k- r - j v- S n- I - f pwAhsd- kw- c - - W - nIgn- b p- - h - c p- a m- s W- m- W vCkv- e mw- ]- T n- n- p- - X v.Hscm- ]-Zm-Y-n-\n-m-WvI-fn-a
- n-s-d- k-b
- n-\nvF-m-h-cpw- kr-jv-Sn--s-n-cnp--Xv.- am-\-h-cm-in-bp-sS- apgp-h- D-]-n- H-scm-- amXm]n- X m- - f n- \ n- m- W v- B- Z an-\n-pw- l-bn-\npw.- a\p-jy- ]-S
- - D-\
- oN-Xz--va-\p-jy-s\- ]S-k-h-i-Iv-X-\p-ap-n- bmsXmcp- kv-Ym-\-hpan-.- GI-ssZ-h-n-\p- am-{XwsN-p-- Bcm-[-\-bm-Wv- a-\p-

jy-sc- Hn-n-p-- i-IvX

- n.- Ah- \ p- km- j v- S mw- K - n- \ papn- k-p-Nn-X-Xz--sf-mws]m- n- - I - c p- p.- hn- izm- kneq- n- b - I- a - - f m- W va\pjysc- D-ac
- m-p-s
- X[m-c-W- h-fcp-tm- P-m-hIm-i-am-bn- In-n-b- X-e--\-sf-mw- X-cn--W-am-Ip-p.- H-tcsbm-cp- ssZ-hw- am{Xw- A-h
s-d- kr-jv-Sn-I-fm-b- H-scm-P\-X-bpw.- Ahn-sS- ]-W-mc\pw- ]-Wn-m-c-\p-an-;- kz-tZin-bpw- hn-tZ-in-bp-a-n--;- k-hW\pw- A- h - W - \ p- a n- - ; Xdhmp- I m- c - \ pw- Xmgv- - h \pan;- ap-X-em-fn-bpw- sXm-gn-emfn-bp-an--;- F-m-h-cpw- GI-ssZ-

tl- a-\-p-jy-tc,- Xo--bm-bpw- \n--sf- \mw- H-cm-Wn\n-pw- H-c-p- s]-n\n-pam-bn- kr-jv-Sn-n-cn-p-p.\n--f-t\ym-\yw- A-dn-tb--Xn-\v- \n--sf- \mw- hn-hn[k-ap-Zm-b--fpw- tKm-{X--fpw- B-p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xncnp- p.- Xo- - b m- b pw- A- m- l p- h n- s - d - A- S p- v\nfn- G--hpw- B-Z-c-Wo-b- \n--fn- G--hpw[-a\n-jvT- - ]p-e-p-h
- \
- m-Ip-p.- Xo-b
- m-bpw- Amlp- k-hP
- vR
- \
- pw- kq-va- P
- vR
- m-\n-bpw- B-Ip-p.
Jp--B- 49:-13

37

Ckvemw- Fm...h-n-s-d- Zm-k-m.- Ah-\pap-n- am-{Xw- km-jv-Smw-Kw- \an-p--h.- C-Xm-Wv- C--kv-emwhn-`m-h-\w- sN-p-- k-p-NnX-

-Xz--fn-m-- k-aq-l-n-sdNn-{Xw.-

IvX
- n-Xz-s-p-dn-v- Ab-hmkn- Fp- ]-d-bp-p-sh--XmWv- t\m-t-s
- X-m-Wv- A-tlw- ]-Tn-n--Xv.- A-b-hm-kn]nWn- In-S-p-tm- h-b\nd-v- `-n-p--h- k-Xy-hnizm-kn-b-s-pw- I-dn- ]mIwsN-p-tm- A-]w- sh-wtN-v- A-[n-I-cn-n-s-n-epwA-b-hm-kn-sb- ]-cn-K-Wn-W- s a- pw- ]- d - - {]- h m- N Is-d- D-]t- Z-i
- f
- n-\n-v- Ab-hm-kn-I- X-n-ep-- _m[y-X- F-{X-tm-fw- h-ep-Xm-sWv- hy-IvX-am-hp-p-v.-

A-b-]
- _
- \
- v[
- s
- -p-dnvC-kvemw- F-p- ]-d-bp-p?Ip-Spw-__
- \
- v[
- s
- -tm-seX-s- kp-Zr-V-am-b- H-cp- _\v[-am-bn-sm-m-Wv- Ab-hmkn-I- X-n-ep-- _-\v-[-s
C-kv-emw- Im-Wp--Xv.- A-bm-tcm-Sv- \-- \ne-bn- h-np-Ib
- pw- Ah-sc- ieyw- sN-mXn-cn-p-I-bpw- th-W-sa-v- {]hm-N-I-(k)- D-]-tZ-in--Xm-bnIm-Wm- I-gn-bpw.- H-cm-fp-sS- hy-

H-cp- ap-kv-en-an-\v- h-Ko-b-hmZnbm-hm- I-gn-bp-tam?P-a-

- ,- hn-izm-k
- n-e[
- n-jvTn-X-am-b- I-a--fm-Wv- H-cm-fpsS- a-l-Xzw- \n-iv-N-bn-p-Xv
Fm-Wv- C-kv-emw- ]-Tn-n-p
-Xv.- h-Ko-b-X,- hw-io-b-X,PmXo-b-X,- h-W-sh-dn- Xp-Snb- P--n-s-d- A-Sn-kvYm\-n-ep-- F-m-hn-[- kp-NnX-Xz--fp-sS-bpw- ASnth-cdpp- I - b m- W v- "H- t c- s bm- c p-

"F- s - d - Po- h - B- c p- s SssIbn-em-tWm- A-h-\m-WvkXyw.- X-\n-n-jvS- s

- -Sp-X
- vXs-d- k-tlm-Z-c-\pw- C-jv-Ss- S p- - X v- h- s c- H- c m- f pwkXyhn-izm-kn-bm-hp-Ib
- n-'ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k)-.-

38

Ckvemw- Fm..."\o- I-dn- ]m-Iw- sN-bv-Xm- A-]w- sh-w- tN-vA-[n-I-cn-n-n-s-n-epw- A-b-hm-kn-sb- ]-cn-K-WnpI' "\o- \-- hy-Iv-Xn-bm-sW-v- \n-s-d- A-b-hmkn-I- ]-db
- p-X
- v- tI-m- \o- \-bm-fm-sW-v- a\nem-n-sm-p-I.- \o- No--bm-fm-sW-v- \n-sdAb-hm-kn-I- ]-d-bp--Xv- tI-m- \o- No-bm-fmsW-v- a-\-n-em-n-sm-p-I'ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k).-

ssZhw- H-scm-- P-\X'- F-ap{Zm-hm-Iy-n-eq-sS- Ckv-emwsN- p- - X v.- "h- K o- b - X n- b ntev- Wn- p- h \pwhKo- b- X- p- t h- n- bp- wsN-p--h-\pw- h-Ko-b-X-pth-n- a-cn-p-h
- \pw- \-ns]--h-\-'- F-v- A-k-n-Kv-[am-bn- {]-Jym-]n-- ap-l
- Z- v- \_n(k)-bp-sS- A-\p-bm-bn-I-vHcn--epw- h-Ko-b-hm-Zn-I-fmhm\m-In-.km--n-I- cw-K-sC-kvem-an-I- \n-tZ-i-F-s-m-am-Wv?`q-an-bn-se- A-\p-{K-l-a-\p-jy-p-th-n- kr-jv-Sn--

s-n-p--Xm-Wv.- {]-Ir-Xn-hn-`-h-sf- D]-tbm-K-n-p-hm-\p-A-h-Imiw- F-m- a-\p-jy-cp-tSXp-amWv.- A-[zm-\n-p-hm-\pw[\w- k--m-Zn-p-hm-\pw- F-mhpw- A- h - I m- i - a p- v.

Fm,- [-\k
-
- m-Z\
- w- a-p-h-sc- Nq-j-Ww- sN-b-v-Xp-sImm-h-cp-Xv.- I--h-Sw,- Ir-jn,A[-zm-\w- Xp-S-n-b- am-K-fneq-sS-sb-mw- k-mZy-am-Imhp--Xm-Wv.- F-m- C-hn-sSsb- mw- ]m- e n- - s - t S- hyIvX-am-b- [m-an-I- \n-tZ-i-fp-v.- Cu- [m-an-I-\n-b-a- ]m-en-p-sIm-v- Hm-tcm-cp-cpw- km -Zn-p--Xv- Ah-

39

Ckvemw- Fm..."A-m-lp- \n-\-v- k--v- \-In-bn-p-s-n- BA-\p-{K-l-n-s-d- Om-b-bpw- a-l-Xz-hpw- A-h\nn- Im-Wp-am-dm-Is'."C-jv-S-ap--Xv- `--n-p-sIm-p-I,- Cjv-S-ap--Xv- [-cnpsImp-I.- c-p- Im-cy-- [q-pw- A-l-m-chpw\n-s- Xo-m--]-w'."BU-w-_-c-n- ap-gp-Im-Xn-cn-p-I.- B-Uw-_-cPohn-Xw- ssZ-h-Zm-k-m-v- A-\p-tbm-P y-a-'ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k).
cp-tS-Xv- X-s-bm-Wv-;- kaq-ln-tdtXm- cm-jv-{S-n-tdtXm- A- .- F- m- CukmZy n-\n-v- k-aq-l
- nsdbpw- cm-jv-{S-n-sd-bpw-

B-hiy n-\p-th-n- sNe-hgn-t-Xv- hy-IvXn-I-fpsS- _m[y-X-bm-Wv.I--h-Sw- C-kvemw- A-\p-hZn-p-p.- ]-en-i- \ntcm-[n-p-

"k-Xy-k-\v-[-\pw- I-Wn-i-X-]m-en-p--h-\p-am-b- hym]mcnA-y-\m-fn- {]-hm-N-I-m,- k-Xy-]m-e-I-m,- c-Iv-X-kmn-I,- k-Zv-hr-- F-n-h-tcm-Sv- IqsS-bm--bn-cn-pw'."h--Xpw- hn-p-I-bm-sW-n- i-cn-pw- A-f-p-sIm-Spp-I.- hm-n-p-tm- i-cn-pw- A-f
- v- hmn-p-IbpwsN-p-I'."hn-]-\--c-p-I-fp-sS- \yq-\-X-I- hn-]-\-m- hm-p-h-v- hn-h-cn-p-sIm-Sp-t--Xm-Wv.- F-n- B-C-S-]mSvkzo-Im-cyw-X-s.- A-m--]-w- A-Xv- tNvO-hp-am-Wv '."h--\m-kz-`m-h-ap-- F-m- I--h-S-fpw- \n-tcm-[n-ncnpp'ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k-).-

Ckvemw- Fm...I-bpw- sN-p-p.- em`w- A-\ph-Zn-p-I-bpw- ]qgv-n-sh-pwsIm--em-`-hpw- \n-tcm-[n-p-Ibpw- sN-p-p.- I--h-S-nIr-{Xn-a-Xz--tfm- h--\-tbmNq-j-W-tam- D-m-hm- ]m-Sn-.D-]m-Z-\- cw-Kw- Nq-j-W-ap-Iv-Xam- h - W w.- D- ] - - n- s - d \yq\X-I- a-d
- p-shp-sImvAXn-\v- am--p-m-m- ]mSn-.- ]nip-pw- [q-pw- ]mSn-.km--n-I- hnj-a-X-I-f-\p-`-hnp--h-sc- k-lm-bn-t-Xvk-aq-l-am-Wv.- AXn-\p-th-nbm-Wv- C-kve
- mw- kIm-v- hy-hkvY
- - \-S
- m-n-bn-cn-p-X
- v.sXm-gn-em-fn-ap-X-em-fn-

_-\v-[-s-p-dn-vC-kv-emw- F-p- ]-d-bp-p?D-]m-Z-\-hpw- hy-h-km-bhpw- Ir- jn- bp- s a- m- a p- m- I ptm- ap-Xe

- m-fn-bpw- sXm-gn-emfnbpap-m-hp-I- kzm-`m-hn-I-amWv.- sXm-gn-emfn-ap-X-em-fn- _\v[
- w- kw-L- \
-
- n-td-X
- ,- {]Xyp-X- k-lI
- c
- W
-
- n-t-dX
- m-hW-sa-m-Wv- C-kv-emw- ]-Tn-np- Xv.- sXm- g n- e m- f n- b p- s SssI-I- sIm-p-- k-m-Zyam-Wv- G-h
- pw- \-- k-m-Zyw- Fm-Wv- {]-hm-N-I- ]-d--Xv.sXmgn- e m- f n- v- A- l - a m- b Iqen- \-I-Ww.- tPm-en- Xp-Sp--Xn-\p-ap-p-X-s- Iq-ensb- p- d n- v- ap- X - e m- f n- b pw-

"]q-gv-n-sh--h- ]m-]n-bm-Wv '"h-en-b- hn-e-bv-v- hn-m-\m-bn- [m-\yw- ]qgv-n-shp-h- Ip--hm-fn-bm-Wv '."{I-b-hn-{I-b-th-f-bn-epw- I-Sw- a-S-n- tNmZn-p-tmgpw- kuay-am-bn- s]-cp-am-dp--h-s-d- ta- A-m-lp- IcpW- sN-s'."G--hpw- \-- \n-e-bn- I-Sw- ho-p--h-\m-Wv- \n-fn- Da'."]-en-i-v- ]-Ww- sIm-Sp-p--h-s-d- ta-epw- ]-en-iv- kmyw- h-ln-p--h-s-d- ta-epw- A-m-lp-hn-sd- im-]-ap-m-

41

40
hp-XmWv '-

ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k)-

Ckvemw- Fm...-

"sXm-gn-em-fn-b-p-sS- ssI-I-sIm-p-- k-mZy-am-WvG--hpw- \-- hn-`-hw'"G--hpw- ip--am-b- `--Ww- kz-w- I-c--sImvk-m-Zn--Xm-Wv '-."sXm-gn-em-fn-sb- A-m-lp- kv-t\-ln-X-s\-tm-se- IWm-p-p'-."A-m-lp- X-s-d- sXm-gn-em-fn-bm-b- Zm-k-s\- C-jv-S-sSp-p.- X-s-d- Ip-Spw-_-n-\p-th-n- tPm-en-sb-Sp-voWn--h- {]-Xm-]-hm-\pw- a-lm-\p-am-b- Amlp-hns-d- am-K
- n- ]-S- s]m-cp-Xp-h
- s
- \-tm-se-bm-Wv '.ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k).-

sXmgn-em-fn-bpw- X-n- [m-cW

- bn-se--Ww.- C--s\- [mc-Wbn-se-n-b- Iq-en-bn- A-]wt]m-epw- Ip-d-bv-m-sX- sXm-gnem-fn-bp-sS- hn-b-p-h-p--Xn\p-ap-v- sIm-Sp--Ww.- sXm-gnemfn-sb- Nq-j-Ww- sN-cp-Xv.sXm-gn-em-fn-v- X-s-d- tP-m-enbn- ]q-W-am-b B-Xv-am-Y-Xbp-m-h-Ww.- G-]n--s-tPm-en- k-Xy-k-\v-[-am-bn- sN-bvXp-Xo-t-X
- v- sXm gnem-fn-bpsS- _m-[y-X-bm-Wv.-

42

a-p- a-X-hn-izm-kn-I-tfm-Sp-ap-kv-en-an-s-d- k-ao-]-\wF-m-bn-cn-Ww?a-p- a-X-k-aq-l--fp-am-bnap-kve

- nw- k-aq-lw- ]q-Wa- m-bpwc-ay-Xb
- n-epw- k-ln-jvW
- p-Xb
- n-epam-Wv- I-gn-tb--sX-m-Wv- Ckv-emw- ]-Tn-n-p--Xv.- Ckveman-tI-X-c- k-aq-l-- ap-kv-enwk-aq-l-n-s-d- \ne-\n-]vtNm-Zyw- sN-m-n-S-tm-fwA-h-cp-am-bn- kv-t\-l-n-epwk-ln-jv-Wp-X-bn-ep-amWv- I-gntb--sX-v- JpB- \njv-

Ckvemw- Fm...I-jn-p-p.- C-m-cyw- ap-l-Zv- (k)- X-sd- Po-hn-X-n-eqsS- Im-Wn-p-X-cn-I-bpw- sN-bvXn- p- v.- C- k vem- a n- I - cm- j v{Sn- Po-hn-p-- A-ap-kvenw- ]u-c-m-cp-sS- hnizm-k- kzmX-{y-tam- B-cm-[-\m- kz-m-X{y-tam- l-\n-p-hm- J-eo-^am-p-t]m-epw- Ah-Im-i-an-.A-h-cp-sS- Po-h-\pw- kz-n-\pw]q-W-kw-c--Ww- \-Imcm-jv-{Sw- _m[y-kv-Y-am-Wv.- Aap-kve
- nw- ]u-c
- m-tcm-Sv- A-\o-XnIm-Wn-p-X
- v- A-
- h
- y-am-bA]-cm-[a- m-sW-m-Wv- {]-hm-NI- (k)- ]-Tn-n-n-cn-p--Xv.-

Pn-lm-Zv- F-- ]-Z

- n-\v- XymK- ] - c n- { i- a w- F- m- W - Y w.ssZhn-I-am-K-n-ep-- Xym-K]-cn-{i-a--f-mw- Pn-lm-Zm-Wv.kz-w- C-Nv-O-sb- \n-b-{n-pI-bpw- ssZ-th-Nv-O-v- Io-gv-sSp-I-bpw- sN-p-I-bm-Wv- Pn-lmZn-s-d- H-mw- L-w.- kz-wPohn-X-s- am-Xr-Im-tbm-Kyamb- co-Xn-bn-te-v- ]-cn-h-nn-p--Xv- Pn-lm-Zm-Wv.- ssZhnI- am-K
- n- k- pw- icoc-hpw- hn-\n-tbm-Kn-p-Xv- Pnlm-Zm-Wv.kXy-aX
- k
- m-yw- kzo-Ic
- nvCkv- e m- a n- I - k- a q- l - nAwK-am-Ip-- H-cm-v- B-cm-

F-m-Wv- Pn-lm-Zv?ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k)- ]-d-p-:- "\n-s-d- k-tlm-Z-c- A{I-an-bm-b-m-epw- B-{I-a-W-n-\n-c-bm-bm-epw- Ahs\k-lm-bn-p-I.- C-Xp-tI-v- H-cm- tNm-Zn-p:- "ssZ-h-Zq-Xtc,- B-{I-a-W-n-\n-c-bm-Ip-tm- Ahs\- k-lm-bnm- F-\n--dn-bmw.- F-m- A{Ian-bm-bm- F-s\-bm-Wv- Rm-\-h-s\- k-lmbn-p-I'.- \-_n- (k)- {]Xn-h-Nn-p-:- "A-{I-a-n-\n-v- \o- A-h-s\- X-S-b-Ww.A--s\-bm-Wv- \o- A-h-s\- k-lm-bn-t--Xv '.-

43

Ckvemw- Fm..."\n--tfm-Sv- bp-w- sN-p--h-cp-am-bn- A-m-lp-hn-sd- am-K-n- \n--fpw- bp-w- sN-p-I.- F-m,- \n- ]-cn-[n-hn-v- {]-h-n--cp-Xv.- ]-cn-[n-hn-v- {]hn-p--h-sc- A-m-lp- C-jv-S-s-Sp-I-X-s-bn-'Jp-B- 2:-190.[-\-I- \n-_-\v-[-am-hp--Xpt]m-se- k-Xy-aX
-
- n-s-d- ktiw- k-tlm-Z-c--v- Fnp-Is
- b-X
- pw- _m-[y-Xb
- s
- {X.Cu- _m-[y-Xm- \n-h-l-W-ns-d- ]m-X-bn-se- Xym-K-]-cn-{i-a- Pn-lm-Zm-Wv.- kzw- Po-hnX- s - k- X y- a - X - n- s - d kmy-am-n-sm pw- bp-IvXnbpw- k-Zp-]t- Z-ih
- p-ap-]t- bm-Knv- kw-h-Zn-p-sIm-p-am-Wv- kXy-aX
-
- n-sd- k-t-iw- ap-h-v- Fn-p-sIm-Sp-t-Xv.- \n-_\
- v- [- ]-cn-h-\
- w- F- Bi-b-tm-Sv- C-kv-emw- hntbm-Pn-p-p.- a-X-Imcy-nbm-sXm-cp- \n-_-\v-[-hpw- ]m-Snspw- H-cm- kz-a\
-
- m-se-bmWv- hn-izm-kw- kzo-Ic
- n-t-s
- Xpw- P-\--sf- D-t_m-[n-np-I- am-{X-am-Wv- kXy-hn-izm-kn-

I-fp-sS- I-S-a-sb-p-am-Wv- JpB- hy-Iv-X-am-p--Xv.- a-Xn-s-d- t]-cn- \n-c-]-cm-[n-Isf- B-{I-an-p--Xn-s\- C-kvemw- A-\p-hZn-pn-.C-kve
- m-w- A-\p-kc
- n-v- Pohnm-\p-- A-h-Im-iw- \ntj-[n-s-Sp-I-bpw- A-Xp- {]-N-cn-nm-\p-- kz-m-X-{yw- l-\n-s-Sp-Ib
- pw- sN-p-- A-hk
- cn- A-\n-hm-cy-sa-n- _e{]-tbm-K-n-eq-sS- aX-kzm-X{yw- D-d-p-h-cp-m-sa-mWvC-kv-em-an-sd- \n-e-]m-Sv.- A-{Iaw- A-h-km-\n-n-v- k-am-[m-\wkv-Ym-]n-p--Xn-\p-th-n-bmWv- C-kv-emw- bp-w- A-\p-h-Znn-cn-p-Xv.- bp--n-t]mepw- am-\y-X- ssI-sh-Sn-bm- ]mSn-s-pw- ]-cn-[n- ewLn-c
- p-sXp-am-Wv- Jp-B\n-s-d- im-k-

44

Ckvemw- Fm...\.- ap-kve

- nw- k-aq-lw- bp-w- sNm- \n-_-\v-[n-X-cm-hp-- L-n- kaq-l
- n-se- I-gn-hpwB-tcm-Ky-hp-ap--h-sc-mw- AXn-\v- k--cm-th--Xm-Wv.k-Xy-a-X-n-s-d- kw-c--Wn-\p-th-n- \-S-p-- Xym-K]-cn-{i-a
- s
- f-mw- Pn-lm-Zm-Wv.AXn- A-h-km-\-tXm-Wvkm-bp-[- k-a-cw.C-kv-emw- F--s\-bm-WvtemI-v- hym-]n--Xv?{k-jv-Sm-hm-b- G-I-ssZ-h
s- am-{Xw- B-cm-[n-p-I-bpwA-h-s-d- Zq-X-m-sc- ]n-]-pI-bpw- sN-p-I-sb-,- A-\v-[hn-izm-k--fn-\n-v- ap-Iv-Xamb- B-Z-i-n-te-v- Nn-n-

p--h- B-Ir-jv-S-cm-b-Xm-WvC-kve
- mw- A-Xn-th-Kw- hym-]n-phm-\p-m-b- Im-c-Ww.- hymPssZ-h--fpw- A-h-bp-sS- Z-m-fm-cm-b- ]u-tcm-ln-Xy-hpw- _\v[-\-k-vY-am-n- sh-n-cp-- a-\pjy-[nj-W-sb- {]-h--t\m-pJ-am-p-- ssZ-hk
- a- -W
-
- ns-d- ]m-Xb
- n-te-v- Nnn-p-P-\-- B-I-jn--s-Sp-Ikz-m-`m-hn-I-am-bn-cpp.- ssZ-hn-s-d- G-I-Xz-tm-sSm-wC-kve
- mw- ap-tm-p-sh-- a-\p-jyk-aq-l-n-sd- GI-X-sb-B-i-bw- P--n-s-d- t]-cnsI-n-bp-b--s-- k-p-Nn-XXz--fp-sS-sb-mw- A-Sn-th-c-dpp--XmWv.- PmXn-bp--sS-bpw-

"a-XI
- m-cy-n- \n-t- fm-Sv- bp-w- sN-m-Xn-cn-p-Ib
- pw\n--fp-sS- ho-Sp-I-fn-\n-v- \n--sf- ]p-d-m-m-X-ncn-p-I-bpw- sN-p--h-sc- kw-_-\v-[n-n-S-tmfw- \n-f-h-v- \-- sN-p--Xpw- \n--f-h-tcm-Sv- \o-Xn- ImWn-p--Xpw- A-m-lp- \n--tfm-Sv- \ntcm-[n-p-n-.Xo--bm-bpw- A-m-lp- \o-Xn- ]men-p--h-sc- C-jv-Ss-Sp-p'Jp-B- 60:-8.-

45

Ckvemw- Fm...h-K-n-s-d-bpw- t]-cn- ASn--a--s-p- I-gn-n-cp-P-\-hn-`m-K-- G-I-am-\-h-Xbp-sS- k-t-i-n-te-v- I-S-ph-Xpw- C-kv-em-an-s-d- hym-]\-n-\v- \n-an--am-bn-p-v.- I-h-Sm-h-iym-Y-hpw- a-pw- temI
n-s-d- hyXy-kv-X- `m-K--fnse- n- b - ap- k v- e nw- I - f p- s S\nkzm-Y-X-hpw- B-Xv-am-Y-hpam-b- Po-hn-Xh
- pw- A-m-p-ImscC- k v- e m- a n- t e- v- B- I - j nphm- Im-c-W-am-bn-p-v.- C-

-s\-sb-mw- a-\pjy-a-\-p-Ifn-te-v- k-n-th-in-- CkvemwC-v- tem-I-s- Fm- `q-J-WvU--fn-ep-ap-- tIm-Sn--W-n\m-fp-I-fp-sS- Nn-sb-bpw- {]h-\
-
- s
- fbpw- kzm-[o-\n-psIm-n-cn-p-- B-Z-i-am-Wv.-

C-kv-em-an-Ik-aq-lw-

C-kv-em-an-s\-p--dn-vIq-Sp-X-em-bn- ]-Tn-p-hmF-p- sN--Ww?Jp-B-\pw- \-_n-N-cy-bp-am-Wv- C-kvem-an-s- AS-n-m-\- {]-am-W--.- Ah-bn-eq-sS-bm-WvH

- c
- m- C-kve
- m-an-s\-pd
n

v
a\-n-em-t-X
- v.- - C-kve
- m-an-s\-p-dn-v]-Tn-p--h-m-bn- \n-v- Hm-^v- {Sq-vH-cp- C-kv-emw- I-d-kv-t]-mkv- tImgvkv- \-S-p-p--v.- {]-kv-Xp-X- tIm-gv-kneq-sS- C-kve
- m-an-s\-p-dn-v- kmam\yambna-\-n-em-m-\m-hpw.- \n-v- Hm-^v- {Sq-vtI-{--f-p-am-bn- t\-cn-v- _--s-mC-kve
- m-an-s\-p-dn-v- A-hK
- m-la
- m-bn- ]Tn-m\m-h-iy-am-b- kw-hn-[m-\-- sNbvX
- p-Xc
- p-hm- km-[n-p- w.- hn-em-kw- Xmsg-:NICHE OF TRUTH
Kalabhavan Road, Cochin- 18, Ph: 367810
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Website: www.nicheoftruth.org

46

47

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\n--v Hm-^v- {Sq-v- {]-k-n-o-I-c-W-C-kv-emw- k-Xy-am-KwC-kv-emw tam-N-\-am-Kw tam--n-s- am-Kw ss{I-kv-X-h- ssZ-h-k-]-w ss_-_n-fn- {]-h-Nn--s]{]-hm-N-I {In-kv-Xy- ap-kv-enw- kw-hmZw tbm-\m-bp-sS- A-S-bm-fw ss_-_n-fn-s- ssZ-hnI--X,hn-a-i-\-- h-kv-Xp-XI ssl--h-{K---fn-seA-n-am-Nm-cy Jp-B- H-cpk-Xym-t\z-jn-bpsS- ap-n Jp-B-\pw- bp-Iv-Xn-hm-Zhpw kv-{Xo-

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Concept of God in Islam

Islam for Human
Liberation
The Human Sprit
The Way to Salvation
Woman, in Religions
and Ideologies
Qur'an and Rationalism

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