The study of the speech sounds, utilized by all human languages to represent- $ meanings, is called phonetics.

To describe speech sounds one has to decide what an individual sound is and how one sound differs from another. (Sound system of (any language The study of the physical properties of the sounds themselves is called- ^ .((acoustic phonetics The study of the way the listeners perceive these sounds is called (auditory.(phonetics The study of how the vocal tract produces the sounds of language is called .((Articulatory phonetics

:Articulatory Phonetics
To understand the nature of language it is necessary to understand the nature of" these sounds and how they are produce. Articuatory phonetics attempts to ".provide a framework to do so

:Air Stream Mechanisms

Most speech sounds are produced by pushing lung air out of the body through the mouth and sometimes also through the nose. Since lung air is used, these sounds are called pulmonic sounds; since the air is pushed out, they are called egressive. The majority of sounds used in languages of the world are thus produced by a plumonic egressive air-stream mechanism. All the sounds in .English are produced in this manner

:Voiced and Voiceless Sounds