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.Thch Nguyn Tng Melbourne, c Chu 2006 ---o0o--Ngun http://www.quangduc.com Chuyn sang ebook 30-8-2009 Ngi thc hin : Nam Thin namthien@gmail.com Link Audio Ti Website http://www.phatphaponline.org Mc Lc
Thu Thiu Thi Tu hc ti Tch Lan Tu hc ti n Hong Php ti qu nh S mng truyn gio ti M Lai S nghip hong Php ti M Lai S pht trin ca t chc hong Php S tha nhn v tn dng v cng hnh hong Php Thit lp chng trnh o to tng ti M Lai Nhng ng gp cho x hi Kt lun
---o0o--Sau khi thit lp ngi Tam Bo ti vn Lc Uyn, c thnh Ba La Ni, c Th Tn gi 60 v T kheo A La Hn n cc tnh thnh n gio ha chng sinh, mang nh sng ca Chnh Php lm an lc cuc i. Trc , c Pht khuyn nh cc t nn cng hin cuc i ca mnh cho mc ch gio ha sanh: "Hy ra i ny cc T kheo, v s an lc v hnh phc cho s ng, v s tt p cho i, v an lc v hnh phc cho ch thin v loi ngi. Khng nn i hai ngi cng mt ch...(Go forth, O monks, for the benefit and happiness of the many, for the good of the world, for the welfare and happiness of gods and men! Let not the two of you go the same way...). Hn hai ngn nm sau, bc thng ip cao qu y vn c duy tr v thc hin tt p bi cc t ca Ngi. Trong cc nh truyn gio Tch Lan trong th k 20 ny nh
Php s Anagarika Dharmapala, Narada Maha Thera, Sayadaw U Thitilla v Piyadassi Maha....c bit ti M Lai, cc nh truyn gio tin phong c Ha thng A. Pemaratana t khai sn cha Mahindarama tnh Penang, Ha thng tin s Sumangala, Ha thng K Gunaratana Nayaka Thera, Ha thng Kim Beng, Ha thng Chuk Mor v Ha thng Dhammananda. C ba v u u vin tch, nay ch cn li HT. Dhammananda, 81 tui, mt ngi vn hot tch cc chn hng PG ti M Lai v cng c xem l ngi c cng to dng nn tng cho PG Nam Tng ti M Lai.
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Tu hc ti Tch Lan
Tip ngi ghi danh vo hc trng Dhammarama Pirivena v ri Hc vin Pht gio Vidyawardhana ti th Colombo, nin kha 1935-1938. Gio s chnh thc ca Ngi l HT. Kotawila Deepananda Nayaka Thera. Nm 1938, Ngi tt nghip ti trng ny v tip tc hc ti trng Vidyalankara Pirivena, Peliyagoda, l mt i hc Pht gio rt ni ting Tch Lan vo thi by gi. Trong by nm lu hc ti y, ngi hc Pali, Sanskrit, Trit hc, Tam Tng Kinh in v nhiu mn hc x hi khc trang b cho chng trnh gio dc ph cp v hong dng Pht Php ca ngi v sau. tui 26, Ngi hon tt chng trnh hc ti ni y.
By nm c o to trong mi trng Pht hc v li sng nghim khc ca Tu vin ti y mang li nhng hu ch v sau trong s mng truyn gio ca Ngi. V Php s tinh thn ca Ngi ti i hc ny l Trng lo Lunupokune Sri Dhammananda Nayaka Thera, mt bc hc gi uyn bc ca Pht gio Tch Lan.
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Tu hc ti n
Tip , vo nm 1945, HT. Dhammananda c i hc Hindu, n cp hc bng v Ngi ln ng du hc. Bn cng kha vi ngi lc y hin nay cn Ha thng P. Pannananda Nayaka Maha Thera, (ang Tch Lan); Ha Thng Tin s. H. Saddhatissa Maha Thera ( Lun n); Ha thng Tin s U. Dhammaratana (ch tch Hi i B , n) v Ha thng Tin s Amritananda Thera (Ch Tch Hi ng Tng Gi Nepal). Sau bn nm hc ti y, HT. Dhammananda tt nghip vi bng cp Cao hc v Trit hc n vo nm 1949. Mt trong s nhng gio s ni ting ca Ngi ti i hc ny l c Tin s S. Radhakrishnan, cng l v tng thng u tin ca Cng Ha n .
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Hong Php ti qu nh
Sau khi tt nghip, Ngi tr v Tch Lan v m mt Trng Pht gio Sudharma ti Kotawila gip cho dn chng hc Pht. Ngi cng cho pht hnh mt t bo ting Tch Lan ph bin gio l. Nhng lp gio l, nhng bi thuyt php v nhiu hot ng gio dc khc ca ngi u truyn cm hng p cho dn lng quy hng v Chnh Php. Trong s nhng v ph gip Ngi lc c i c K.Pemaloka v i c K. Hemasiri, nhng ngi v sau vn theo Ngi n M Lai tip tc cng tc truyn gio ti Brickfields.
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Ha Thng Dharmananda vi ch Tng M Lai Trong s 400 Tng s tu vin Vidyalankara Pirivena, T kheo Dhammananda c tuyn chn gi i hong Php ti M Lai. Ngi sn lng tip nhn li thnh cu ny d Ngi rt mun li qu nh hong Php. Tuy nhin, Ngi thc c rng ti qu nh cn nhiu v tng khc c th lm cng tc hong php, trong khi y ti M Lai, nhu cu chn hng Pht Php l vic khn thit, v vo thi im y tnh hnh PG ti M Lai, d c nhiu cha ngi Trung Hoa, nhng phn ln khng c ging dy gio l v t chc tu hc m ch nng phn l nghi v cng kin. Do HT. Dhammananda quyt nh ln ng trong mt thi gian ngn. Ngi xung tu thy vo sng ngy 2 thng ging nm 1952. Ba ngy sau Ngi n c cng Penang, min Bc ca M Lai.
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sng c o c, trong khi Cng sn l mt phong tro chnh tr. on chc HT. Dhammananda khng phi l "n v th nm" ca Cng sn, ton quyn Gerald mi Ha thng gip chnh quyn v mt tm l trn an qun chng, nht l cng ng di dn ngi Hoa ti M Lai, v chnh quyn h nghi rng cng ng ny c khuynh hng theo ch ngha Cng sn. Ha thng Dhammananda nm ly c hi y m rng chng trnh hong Php ca Ngi trn khp M Lai. Ngi gip cho Hi PG Sasana Abhiwurdhi Wardhana v Trung Tm PG Selangor cng nh Hi Lin Hu PG Th gii ti M Lai y mnh cng tc truyn gio. Kt qu cho thy cng ng ngi Hoa quy hng v vi o Pht rt nhiu. Trong hai thp nin 1950 v 1960, PG M Lai rt ngho nn trong hu ht cc cng ng. PG trong thi k ny ch l mt v bc y nhng sinh hot m tn d oan, trn lan trn khp M Lai. Phn ln ngi Hoa tr thc u chn ngn v b theo o Ky T, v h nhn thy Ky T gio c nhiu sinh hot tn gio tch cc, r rng, hp l hn do cc nh truyn gio nc ngoi mang vo. HT. Dhammananda c gng loi b nhng quan im sai lm v PG trong tm tr ca qun chng M Lai. Ngi pht ng mt phong tro din thuyt PG rm r trn ton M Lai, ph t ca Ngi by gi c cc v T kheo nh K Gunaratana, Chuk Mor and T kheo Tin s ngi M Sumangalo lm cho phong tro ngy cng thm thu ht v nhiu kt qu kh quan.
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Phc la i" (A happy married life); "Thin nh, con ng duy nht" (Meditation, the Only way); "Kho bu ca Chnh Php" (Treasures of the Dhamma)..v.v... cc tc phm nhanh chng thu ht mi gii Pht t M Lai v n nay nhng tc phm ny c dch ra nhiu th ting trn th gii nh n , Nam Dng, Triu Tin, M Nam Phi, Bangladesh, Ha Lan, Vit Nam..v.v.... y l ln u tin nn gio dc PG bng ting Anh c ph bin trong gii Pht t M Lai, trc ch c nhng Kinh sch c vit ch Tu. S tc ng mnh ny nhanh chng nh hng n gii thanh thiu nin M Lai. Kt qu, HT. Dhammananda nhn hng ni th t mi gii, c bit l hc sinh v sinh vin tm hiu v Pht hc. Mc d khng phi l mt nh Php s hng bin, nhng HT. Dhammananda lm say m gii tr vi nhng bi ging mang tnh khoa hc, trong sng v r rng ca Ngi. iu ny gip cho nhiu hi on thanh nin Pht t ra i trong thp nin su mi. Rt nhiu gii tr hoc nghe ging hoc c sch ca Ngi m quy hng v vi Chnh Php. Ngoi nhng nh hng bn ngoi x hi, HT. Dhammananda cng c cng a PG vo trong hc ng M Lai. HT. Dhammananda kt hp vi Thng ta tin s Sumangalo, mt Tng s ngi M, thnh lp mt Hc vin PG lm vic vi i hc Malaya, i hc Sains Malaysia, i hc Pertanian, Cao ng K thut Malaysia, Vin Ngn ng M Lai, Trng i Hc S Phm M Lai, Trng Cao ng Tunku Abdul Rahman, Trng Cao ng Qun s Hong gia (Royal Military college) v gn y nht l i hc Utara Malaysia Kedah. Tt c nhng sinh vin ca cc trng trn u c hc nhng gi cn bn v gio l Pht gio do HT. Dhammananda v nhiu Php s khc ging dy. khuyn khch v c ng tng lp tr hc v lm vic Pht, t chc ca Ngi thu nhn gii tr vo lm vic cho cc c s hong Php, Hc vin, in n v pht hnh kinh... c rt nhiu c s tham gia v tr thnh nhng ngi lnh o cc hi on c s Pht t, ni bt trong s hin nay c cc o hu nh Mess Tan Gin Soon, Leong Kok Hing, Ang Choo Hong, Charlie Chia v Victor Wee, tt c u c nh hng n o c v tc phong lm vic ca HT. Dhammananda.
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20 thng 4 nm 1969. Trong k i hi, Ngi cng c tuyn dng l mt danh tng ca PG M Lai. Vo nm 1970, HT. Dhammananda khi xng v lm c vn tinh thn cho Hi Thanh Nin Pht T M Lai (The Young Buddhist Association of Malaysia (YBAM) y l mt t chc i din cho tt c cc hi on Pht t tr tui ti M Lai, hin nay vn cn hot ng rt mnh. T nm 1970 n 1975, HT. Dhammananda khi u nhng chuyn i hong Php th gii. Trc ht ngi n Anh quc ging ti Lancaster University, Hull University, Manchester University v Oxford University. Sau Ngi n Hoa K v c thnh ging ti Dhamma Realm University v Trng University of Oriental Studies, trong dp ny Trng i hc Php gii (Dhamma Realm University) phong tng bng Tin s danh d (Honorary Doctor of Philosophy degree) ghi nhn v tn thn cng hnh hong Php v nhng cng trnh sng tc ca ngi. Bng cp ny cng c cc i hc khc phong tng cho ngi i hc ng Phng (University of Oriental Studies) nm 1975, i hc Nalanda Php vo nm 1976 v i hc Benares Hindu, n nm 1980, v i hc Sri Lanka vo nm 1991, ban tng cp bng Tin s vn chng (D. Litt.) tha nhn nhng tc phm Pht hc gi tr ca Ngi mang li nhiu li ch thit thc nn gio dc tn gio ti Tch Lan.
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Ha Thng Dharmananda ang ging Php cho Tng sinh M lai Vo ngy 25 thng 3 nm 1977, HT. Dhammananda thnh lp Vin Pht Hc Paramadhamma Tch Lan tng s khp ni trn th gii v tu hc. Chng trnh o to t ba n nm nm, hoc nhng kha ngn hn cho nhng tng s hoc c s ln tui a i hong php ngay sau kha hc.
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Nhng ng gp cho x hi
Ngoi nhng hot ng Pht s, HT. Dhammananda cn c nhiu ng gp pht trin cng ng. Nm 1960, Ngi l mt trong nhng v lnh o PG M Lai ng ln i hi chnh ph M Lai tuyn b ngy l Pht n l ngy ngh ca ton dn, li yu cu c chp thun v vn duy tr cho n ngy nay. Gia nhng nm 1960, Ngi hot ng tch cc vi T chc lin tn gio M Lai (Malaysian Inter-Religious Organisation MIRO) ku gi cc tn gio c mt M Lai nn sinh hot trong s hi ha v tng knh ln nhau. Nm 1984, Ngi l mt trong nhng thnh vin sng lp ca Hi ng T Vn Tn gio (Religious Consultative Council), bao gm PG, Hi gio, Ky T gio gip cho chnh quyn c nhng chnh sch ng n i vi cc tn gio. Do nhng hot ng tch cc ng gp cho x hi ny m ngy 7 thng 6 nm 1991, Hong ca M Lai phong tng cho Ngi tc v cao qu "Johan Setia Mahkota". S nghip trc tc: Ngoi nhng thi thuyt ging gio l su sc, r rng v d hiu, Ha thng Dhammananda cn cng hin cho hng vn c gi trn khp th gii qua nhng tc
phm Pht hc ca ngi. T nhng tp sch nh b ti cho n nhng tp sch dy my trm trang vi ni dung ph cp cho mi tng lp, t hc gi uyn bc cho n hc sinh tiu hc u c th c v tip nhn li dy ca ngi. Qua ngi bt ca ngi, gio l thm diu ca o Pht tr nn d hiu, gn gi v gii quyt tha ng tng vn ca i sng hin ti. Tc phm ca ngi c chuyn ng ra nhiu th ting trn th gii, khng nhng n c Pht t tm c m nhng ngi khng Pht t cng say m khng km. Sau y l mt s tc phm ca ngi: Ti sao phi lo u (Why worry?) Hnh phc la i (A Happy Married life). Ti sao phi c o Pht (Why Buddhism?) Ti sao phi c Tn gio ? (Why Religion ?) Nhng g ngi Pht t tin (What Buddhists believe). Nhn loi hng v u (Whither Mankind). Tn gio ny l g (What is this Religion) Kho bu ca Chnh php (Treasure of the Dhamma) Pht gio nh mt Tn gio (Buddhism as a Religion) Kinh Nht Tng ca Pht T (Daily Buddhist Devotions) Bn c tin ti sinh khng ? (Do you believe in Rebirth ?) Thin nh, con ng duy nht (Meditation, the only way) Cm nang ca Pht t (Handbook of Buddhists) Tn gio trong thi i khoa hc (Religion in a Scientific Age) Nhng vin ngc ca tr tu PG (Gems of Buddhist Wisdom) Ti sao phi c bao dung v Tn gio (Why Religion tolerance ?) a v ca N gii trong Pht gio (Status of Women in Buddhism) Cuc sng con ngi v nhng vn nn (Human life and Problems) Pht gio v nhng nh T Tng T do (Buddhism and the Free Thinkers) Nhng nhn vt v i trong Pht gio (Great personalities on Buddhism) Lm sao sng m khng s hi v lo u (How to live without fear and worry) Pht gio di con mt ca cc nh tr thc (Buddhism in the Eyes of Intellectuals) Nguyn tc o c ca PG i vi phm cch ca con ngi (Buddhist Principles for Human Dignity). Kinh Php C vi tranh minh ho v truyn tch (The Dhammapada with illustrations and stories) V sao tin Pht. HT.K. Sri Dhammananda. Thch Tm Quang dch. Mc ch cuc i & ng li sng. HT. Dhammananda. Thch Tm Quang dch. Lm sao thc hnh gio l ca c Pht. HT.Dhammananda. Thch Tm Quang dch.Vit Mt tn gio hin i. HT Dhammananda. T. Nguyn Tng dch.
Ba tp sch "Nhng g ngi Pht t tin" xut bn ln u tin nm 1964, mt trong nhng tc phm ph bin ca HT. Dhammananda Tt c nhng tc phm trn u c in v pht khng cho ngi c, xin qu c gi lin h n a ch sau y nhn sch min ph: The Corporate Body of the Buddha Educational Foundation 11th Floor, 55, Hang Chow S.Rd. Sec 1, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C . Tel: (02) 3951198 . Fax: (02) 3913415
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Kt lun
Khng cn nghi ng g na, Ha thng Dhammananda c nhng ng gp to ln trong phong tro phc hng li PG M Lai trong bn thp nin qua. Nhiu tng s Therevada gc M Lai xut gia tu hc v tr thnh nhng v tng ti gii cho PG M Lai nh i c Mahinda, i c K. L. Dhammajothi v i c Sujivo, u do cng o to ca Ngi. Bn cnh ngi cn mi gi nhng nh truyn gio khc nh cc v Ha Thng Pandit P Pemaratana Nayaka Thera, Ha Thng tin s H Gunaratana Thera, Ha Thng Wimalajothi Thera, Ha Thng Dhammaratana Thera, v nhiu tng s khc n M Lai gip Ngi trong cng tc truyn gio. Ngi cng hp tc v gn gi vi nhng nh truyn gio i tha khc nh c i lo Ha Thng Tuyn Ha, n t Vn Pht Thnh Thnh, M quc; HT. Tinh Vn, n t Pht Quang Sn, i Loan; c Dalai Lama th 14 n t n ... em li li ch cho qun chng M Lai. Ngi c xem l mt tng s Nam Tng phng khong, ci m v hp tc vi nhng tng phi khc ca PG. Khi tham d din n ''Hai bc Thy mt li dy" (Two Masters One Message) t chc Penang, vi s tham d ca cc nh lnh o PG n t nhiu tng phi. Ngi tuyn b rng: do nhu cu ca con ngi m PG c Tiu Tha v i Tha. c Pht ch ni Php, ch khng dy gio l cho Tiu Tha v i Tha hoc Kim Cng Tha.
Ha Thng Dharmananda vi ch Tng Ni M Lai D sinh ra v ln ln Tch Lan, nhng Ngi cng hin trn i mnh cho s nghip gio ha ti M Lai trong tinh thn v tha v v phn bit i vi Pht t thuc nhiu sc tc, mu da v truyn thng khc nhau ti x s ny. l l do ti sao Ngi nhn c nhiu s ng h, tn ngng v knh phc ca qun chng Pht t v nhiu cng ng khc M Lai v trn th gii. R rng l Ngi c y by phm hnh ca mt bc i nhn (Seven Noble Qualities of a Great Man) m c Pht ni trong Kinh Sakha Sutta (A.N. 4:31) rng: "Ngi l ngi ng yu, ng knh trng, hc thc, l mt c vn, mt ngi chu kh lng nghe, su sc trong m lun v khng bao gi ch trng mt cch v cn c" (He is lovable, respectable, cultured, a counsellor, a patient listener, profound in discourse and never exhorting groundlessly). Hin nay HT. Dhammanda tuy trn tm mi tui, nhng ngi vn khng mt mi trong s mnh gio ha M Lai. C rt nhiu ngi t c an lc v hnh phc qua cng lao hong Php ca ngi. Cch tt nht mi ngi n p cng n y l nghim tr Pht hnh v chia x nhng li ch y cho ngi khc. Nguyn cu mi phng ch Pht gia h cho Ngi c php th khinh an, tr th lu di cho t chng ta nng tu hc. HT. Dhammanda hnh o khng bit mt mi cho n khi vin tch. Ngi thun th v thng an tng x bo thn lc 12.42 chiu ngy 31-08-2006. Th th 87 tui, H lp 66 nm. Tang l ca C i Lo Ha Thng c t chc trng th ti Cha Pht Gio Maha th Kuala Lumpur, sau Kim Quan ca Ngi c a i tr t vo ngy 3-9-2006. Thnh knh nguyn cu Gic Linh C i Lo Ha Thng cao ng Pht quc v sm ti sanh tr li th gii Ta B tip tc cng cuc cu kh sinh.
Qu v c th xem hnh nh tang l v gi in th knh ving phn u, knh mi vo y, http://www.buddhistchannel.tv/index.php?id=56,3100,0,0,1,0 Theo ti liu: A Brief Introduction on His Life and Contributions to Malaysian Buddhism by Benny Liow Woon Khin, 9-2000, v nhiu ti liu khc.
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Ht