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Objective Questions

Thermodynamics of Gases

1. Two moles of an ideal gas is kept in a cylinder with a frictionless piston. The initial temperature of the gas is T. The pressure of the gas remains constant when it is heated until its volume triples. If R is the molar gas constant, the work done by the gas is A 4RT B RT ln 3 C 2RT ln 3 2 D RT 3 2. The internal energy of a gas does not change when A the gas loses or receives heat B its volume changes C its temperature remains constant D no work is done on the gas 3. A certain mass of an ideal gas undergoes either one of the two processes below. Which of the following is true regarding the net ow of heat into the gas from the external surrounding? Isothermal expansion A B C D 0 0 + Adiabatic expansion 0 + 0

4. A certain xed mass of an ideal gas of volume V at pressure p undergoes the cycle of changes as shown.
p ( 10 6 N m 2 )

G 2 5 8

H V ( 10 12 m 3 )

Which points show the lowest and highest temperatures? A B C D Lowest temperature G H G F Highest temperature F F H H

5. Air is pumped into a balloon of volume Y and its diameter increases three times its original diameter. What is the work done against the atmospheric pressure p? A pY B 26pY C 3pY D 42pY
1

QB AA STPM Phys V1 C15 4th.indd 1

3/7/2008 5:02:19 PM

Structured Question
1. The graph shows the variation of pressure with volume for an ideal gas at temperatures 500 K and 750 K.
p (kPa)

W Y X

80

T2 = 750 K T1 = 500 K V ( 10 3 m 3 )

8.0

Using the graph, calculate (a) the number of moles of gas (b) the pressure of gas at W (c) the volume of gas at Y (d) the work done for the gas to change its state from W to Y. [R = 8.31 J mol1 K1]

Essay Question
1. (a) (i) State the First Law of Thermodynamics. (ii) Dene internal energy. (b) Derive an equation for the work done W by a gas when it expands by V under a constant pressure p. (c) 0.350 mol of air with a volume of 5.12 103 m3 is heated by supplying 9600 J of heat at a constant pressure of 7.12 106 Pa. As a result, its volume increases, and its temperature increases from 1000 K to 2100 K. Calculate (i) the molar heat capacity of air at constant pressure (ii) the nal volume of air (iii) the work done during the expansion of air.

QB AA STPM Phys V1 C15 4th.indd 2

3/7/2008 5:02:20 PM