SOSYAL BLMLER - 8

indekiler:

Cevap Kad

Deneme Snav

Cevap Anahtar

Snavn Yabanc Kelimeleri Uyarlar:

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1. Bu testte 80 soru vardr. Bu sorular iin toplam 3 saat (180 dakika) sre ayrlmtr. 2. Soru trlerine ait giri ve k saatleri, snavn sabah 9:30 -12:30 arasnda uygulanaca varsaylarak belirlenmitir. Soru trlerine giri ve k saatlerini, snava baladnz saati esas alarak deitirebilirsiniz. 3. Dzeyinizi tam olarak belirlemek istiyorsanz, snav tek bir oturumda uygulaynz. 4. nerilen sreleri amaynz. 5. Bir soru zerindeki deerlendirmenizi bitirdikten sonra, o soruya tekrar dnmeyiniz. 6. Sorularnza verdiiniz cevaplar daha sonra deitirmeyiniz. 7. Cevabn iki seenee kadar indirgediiniz sorularda, size gre doru kma ihtimali zayf olan seenei iaretleyiniz.

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DS DENEME SINAVI SOSYAL BLMLER - 8 A

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DS DENEME SINAVI SOSYAL BLMLER - 8 CEVAP KAIDI

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DS DENEME SINAVI SOSYAL BLMLER - 8

1. - 21. sorularda, cmlede bo br akl an y ere uy gu n d en keli me ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

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7 . Sy nd icalis m embod ies the idea that workers, through di rect action, ---- a gen eral str ike, sho uld seiz e co ntro l ov er the means of production and hence gain pol itica l pow er. A ) es pec ially B ) pr evi ous ly D) res pec t f ul ly C) tremen dous ly

Balang saati : 09:30 Biti saati : 09:51 Top la m s r e : 21 dakika

E) c on s is ten tly

1 . Ev ery community in the w orld recog niz es certain activ ities as crimes, and has dev elo ped its own way of ---- them. A ) depending on C) looking after B ) breaking into D) making for

8 . T he period ---- w hich M a rgaret M ee painted the Amaz on flora coincided ---th e ti me when th e Am az o n ra in fore st w as b ei n g de s tr oy ed . A ) on / from C) at / on B ) in / at D) during / with

E) dealing with

A ) made off C) put through

B ) s een of f D) turned out

E) looked over

3 . Im sure the boy is not really backward, but it is certainly difficult for him to ---the ot her studen ts in his class. A ) pull up B ) make up for C) keep up with D) tur n down

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B ) di f f eren c e D) ins uran c e C) in case of B ) rely D) reac t C) only / why B ) c ompetitive D) c onc ei vab le

10. T he purpose of this bridge project is ---to eliminate the cau se of such accidents ---- to keep traffic moving at a steady r at e . A ) only / but also C) not only / and E) so / as B ) both / and D) as much / than

E) take over

4 . Even in dev eloped countries it is not unusual to see wage and job ---- against women. A ) s eparation C) disc rimination

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E) di vers it y E) appeal E) reliable

11. T h e ter m ma n- mac hin e sy s te m fe ll s om ew h at i n to d i sr ep u te a n d wa s re pla ced by p ers on- mac hin e s y st em -- -the need to av oid sexist language. A ) c ontrary to E) ins t ead B ) des p ite D) in ac c ordanc e with

5 . T he origins of stress v ary from person to person, and people ---- differently to stressful events. A ) r ef er C) adopt

12. T he sla v ery issue was ---- one reas on ---th e n ort hern an d s out her n s tate s f oug ht against each other during the US Civ il Wa r. A ) on the other hand / which B ) as s uc h / whereas D) moreover / that E) thus / in that

6 . T his hotel certainly offers a high standard of serv ice at ---- rates. A ) c ontemp orary C) relative

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A ) from / around C) for / in B ) with / on D) of / over E) through / through

2 . T he v isitors were ta ken to the airp ort, and there they were - --- by the assistant m a n a g e r.

9 . So me d eli cate fr uits and v e geta ble s ne ed to ripen gradually as they make their way --- - pr oduc er n atio ns t o co nsum er ma rke ts ---- th e g lob e.

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E) for / by

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13. T he United Nations has, on numerous occasions, tried to assert its authority to me dia te a di spu te bet wee n n atio ns, -- -has often been ineffec tiv e ---- the nations in v o lv e d re fus ed to a ckn ow le dge t he right of the United Nations to interv ene. A ) yet / that B ) but / because C) either / or D) theref ore / bec aus e of E) however / as f ar as

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18. If it ---- for the severe air pollution of 1952, which was res ponsible for 4,000 deaths, the UK Clean Air Act of 1956 ---- . A ) werent / hadnt been pass ed B ) was not / wont be pas sed C) hadnt been / wouldnt have been pass ed D) wouldnt be / hadnt been pas sed E) is nt / was not pass ed

19. ---- corporations grow in siz e and diversity, the difficulty of managing e mp l o y e e re l a ti o n s i n cr e a se s . A ) L es t C) W hether E) A s B ) In c ase D) So that

14. M ultinational companies account for ---60 percent of trad e in manufactured goo ds in the dev e loped wor ld. A ) so much C) as f ar as B ) rather than D) by no means E) no less than

20. ---- had so many people complained so loudly for so little cause.

15. Until the time of World War II, it ---- that hum an b eing s --- - to the requ irem ents of te ch nol og ica l sy s te ms wi th gr ea t e as e. A ) is assumed / adapted B ) has been ass umed / were adapting C) was ass umed / are adapting E) as sumed / have adapted D) had been assumed / could adapt

16. I n hi s a ck n ow le d ge m en t, th e w r i te r thanke d his wife for the s upport she ---him while he ---- the book. A ) had given / was writing B ) gave / is writing

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C) Sinc e

21. -- -- eco nom ic dev elo pme nt pro jec ts in dev elopin g cou ntries are carefu lly thought out and imp lemented, th ey can actually contribut e to env ironmental d e t er i o r a ti o n . A ) Provided that B ) Unles s D) So long as

C) gives / has been writing

D) has given / will be writing E) was giving / had written

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17. Si nce Swed ish Ind ustr ial rel atio nshi ps ---- so many fundamental changes, it is hardly surprising that the existence of a Swedish model ---- . A ) were undergoing / will be ques tioned B ) underwent / has been questioned C) had undergone / had been ques tioned D) are undergoing / was being questioned E) have undergone / is being questioned

22. M uc h has been writte n abo ut th eories of kn ow le dg e, - -- - . A ) that philosophic al discus sions in general threaten empiric al res earc h and should therefore be avoided B ) though little attention has been given to their implications for empirical research C) unles s they c an res olve s ome of the problems faced by s oc ial s cientis ts D) whether the status of soc ial s cienc e is seriously in doubt E) in c ase methodology needs to be critical and not merely desc riptive

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A ) Only onc e B ) For the first time C) At the beginning D) Up to this time E) From the start E) W hen ever 22. - 31. sorularda, cmley i uy gun ek ilde tamam lay an ifa dey i bulun uz . Balang saati : 09:51 Biti saati : 10:06 Top la m s r e : 15 dakika

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23. Hungary was founded by peoples of Finno-Ugrian and Asiatic Turkish origin ---- . A ) who had moved wes tward in the early Middle Ages and conquered the Native Slavs B ) as they were traditionally c alled the Magyars C) so that they could have es caped persec ution by their enemies D) even though their leader Arpad united them E) so long as Arpads warriors had been a community of free and equal men

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27. When we stop try ing to fit people into a common mould, ---- . A ) it should be realized that people develop di f f er ent ly B ) their natural talents as well as their limitations became apparent C) people who dont fit the mould are regarded as stupid

E) this should be recognized by educ ators and parents alike

24. Ame rica n int erest s in the Afri can economy has recently intensified ---- . A ) that many American companies had inves ted heavily in mining B ) even if the Bush administration fully supports the American involvement in A f ri c a C) as a series of articles published in The New York Times last year gave the iss ue new prominenc e D) bec ause most American multinationals had rec ognized that Af rica might cons titute a thr eat E) before the United Nations began carrying out a survey c ountry by c ountry

28. Altho ugh the c olonists e njoy ed un usual prosperity at least until 1764, ---- .

B ) the system did, in fact, fit the needs of the n ew c oun tr y

25. ---- , there is rarely one simple cause.

A ) Though the results of the incident were devas tat ing

B ) However clos ely the boy kept his s ec ret

C) Sinc e so many children witness violence within their own f amily

D) W hen biologic al f ac tors were also involved

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E) W hen young people manifest s erious emotional problems

26. T he M in i s te r em p h as i s ed h ow n ec e s sa r y it was ---- . A ) if inf lation c ould have been avoided B ) that all institutions should be willing to work with the government to bring down inflation C) as long as private enterprises worked alongside s tate ins titutions to ens ure pros per ity D) if privatisation may be desirable and costef f ec t i ve E) as, in my opinion, unemployment is the c ruc ial f actor

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29. ---- if there are no shared activ ities. A ) It is almost impossible to create a sense of community B ) Cultural diversity has many advocates C) The problem with relativism is that it has led, almos t inevitably, to s eparatism D) Too many people failed to rec ognize the dangers of divers ity E) This sense of c ommon purpos e would have been undermined

30. T ho ug h ma ny w or ke rs a pp ar en tl y approach the fatigue state by Friday ---- . A ) workers in factories are usually c lass ed as skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled B ) the nature of the work performed cannot be overlooked C) it is generally acknowledged that boredom and f atigue are interrelated D) a s horter working week c reated other problems E) they are able to recover during the weekend res t

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C) they had, nevertheles s, certain economic gr ievanc es D) only the c ommercial laws have irritated the c olonis ts E) monetary legislation came in too late

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A ) Britain would have attempted to tighten imperial supervision

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D) well be able to produce brighter, more ef f ec tive c itizens

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31. ---- w hen they b eliev e tha t teachers care about them personally and educationally. A ) As a group, these students reached high levels of ac hievement B ) The ps yc hologic al needs of students c annot be overestimated C) The learning c ontext s hould have received as much attention as the students D) Students develop a positive attitude towards s c hool E) There has been a remarkable improvement in student perf ormanc e

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33. Rusy a Cumhurb akan Putin, Afganistan n Kuz ey ttifak glerini Ta lib an a k ar m ca del ele rin de d e st e k l ey e c e i n i s y l ed i . A ) The Northern Alliance in Afghanistan is reportedly being supported by President Putin of Russia in its struggle against the Taliban.

C) The armies of Af ghanistans Northern Alliance sought the help of president Putin of Russia in their fight against the Taliban.

32. - 36. sorularda, v erilen T rke cmlenin anlamna en yakn ngiliz ce cm ley i bulun uz .

Balang saati : 10:06 Biti saati : 10:13 Top la m s r e : 7 dakika

32. Okul binalarndaki b akm giderleri hz la arty or v e bunlar karlay acak fonlarn sa l an ma s g id er ek z or la y o r.

A ) As maintenanc e costs for school buildings were rising quic kly, it was getting harder to find the neces sary funds to meet them. B ) W ith the rise in maintenance costs for school buildings, it is becoming extremely difficult to get hold of funds to meet them.

C) Maintenance costs f or s chool buildings are rising rapidly and funds to meet them are becoming increas ingly difficult to get hold of .

.b

D) The rapid rise in maintenance costs for school buildings means that funds to meet them are becoming increasingly diffic ult to find.

E) It had got increasingly difficult to raise funds to meet the ever-inc reasing rise in s chool maintenanc e c os ts .

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34. Hudson Kr fez i her yl tamam en donmasa da g emi se ferler ine or talama olara k aydan daha ksa bir sre aktr. A ) W hen Hudson Bay is completely f rozen over, which on average is for les s than three months of the year, it is closed to navigation. B ) On the average, Hudson Bay is open to navigation f or as little as three months eac h year though it is only rarely c ompletely f rozen over. C) Hudson Bay is open to navigation for as little as three months in an average even though it is never c ompletely f rozen over. D) Even though Hudson Bay is not completely frozen every year, on the average, it is open to navigation for less than three months . E) On the average, Hudson Bay is closed to navigation for less than three months of the year, whic h is when it is completely frozen over.

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E) President Putin of Russia said he would s upport the f orc es of Af ghanis tans Northern Alliance in their fight against the Taliban.

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D) It is reported that Russias President, Putin, is ready to assist the forces of the Northern Alliance in Afghanistan in their struggle against the Taliban.

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B ) The Russian President, Putin agreed to support the armies of Af ghanistans Northern Alliance while they fought the Taliban.

A
35. He min gwa y ede biy at kar iy e rin e gaz ete ci ol ar ak b a lam t r v e ge r ek te n, ro man lar nn o u kend isi nin o k de i ik de ne y i ml er in e da y a n r. A ) It was as a reporter that Hemingway began his literary career, which is why s o many of his novels are based upon his own, quite varied, experienc es . B ) Hemingway began his literary career as a reporter, and indeed many of his novels are bas ed upon his own, extremely varied, exp er ienc es . C) Many of Hemingways novels and other literary works are bas ed upon his extremely varied experienc es as a reporter starting on his literary career. D) Hemingways various experienc es as a reporter, as he set out on his literary career, supplied him with the materials for his novels and other literary works. E) Hemingways literary c areer began when he was a reporter and so his own very c olourf ul experiences became the core of many of his novels.

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37. - 41. sorularda, v erilen ngilizce cmle nin anlam na en y a kn T r ke cm ley i bulun uz .

Balang saati : 10:13 Biti saati : 10:20 Top la m s r e : 7 dakika

37. Education in the M iddle Ages was conducted in Latin, and the main goal for receiv ing an education was to become a c le r ic .

A ) Ortaada eitim Latince yrtlyordu ve eitim almann balca amac, rahip olmakt. B ) Ortaada, Latince verilen bir eitimi almann temel amac, din adam olmakt.

A ) By the late sixteenth c entury, humanism had c ome to be considered as a system of education that had its roots in classicism.

B ) Towards the end of the s ixteenth century, humanism was being regarded as a system of education c losely f ollowing the c lass ic al tradition. C) From the late s ixteenth c entury onwards , humanism began to be perceived as a system of education bas ed on the classic al tradition. D) Towards the end of the s ixteenth century, humanis m was already being rec ognized as a c las sical-bas ed system of educ ation,

.b

E) The clas sical-bas ed s ys tem of educ ation, derived from humanism, came into being late in the s ixteenth century.

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36. On altnc yzy ln sonlarndan itibaren, hm aniz ma, k lasi k gel ene e day al bir e it im si st emi o lar ak g r lme y e b al ad .

38. Su st ai na bl e de v e lo pm en t is d ev el op me nt th at m ee ts t he n eed s of t he p re se nt without endangering t he ability of future g en er at io ns t o me et t he ir o wn n ee ds . A ) Gelecek kuaklarn kendi ihtiyalarn karlamasn engellemeden, sadece gnmz ihtiyalarnn tmn karlayan kalknmaya, srdrlebilir kalknma denir. B ) Srdrlebilir kalknmann gereklemesi iin bugnn ihtiyalarnn karlanmas yetmez, gelecek ku aklara da kendi ihtiyalarn kar layabilme olana salanmaldr.

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C) Ortaada, eitim Latinceydi ve bunun temel nedeni rahipler tarafndan yrtlmesiydi.

D) Ortaada, din adam olmak amacyla alnan eitim, Latince olarak veriliyordu. E) Ortaa eitimi tmyle Latince yrtlyordu ve rahip olmak ancak byle bir eitimi almakla mmknd.

C) Gnmzde ihtiya larn karlayan kalknmaya srdrlebilir kalknma denir, ancak bu, gelecek kuaklarn kendi ihtiyalarn karlamasn tehlikeye sokmamaldr. D) Srdrlebilir kalknma, bugnn ihtiyalarn, gelec ek kuaklarn kendi ihtiyalarn karlama gcn tehlikeye sokmadan karlayan kalknmadr. E) Gelecek kuaklarn kendi ihtiyalarn kar lama gcn tehlikeye sokmamay ve bugnn ihtiyalarn karlamay ama edinen kalknma, srdrlebilir kalknmadr.

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39. T he u ne mp l oy me nt s t at is ti cs pu bl is he d by the gov ernment contain a number of pr ob lem s, an d som e o f the se ar e rel at ed to h id de n un em pl oy me nt . A ) Hkmete aklanan isizlik istatistikleri, bazlar gizli isizlikten kaynaklanan pek ok sorunu ortaya koymaktadr. B ) Hkmetin yaymlad isizlik istatistikleri pek ok s orun iermektedir ve bunlardan bazlar dorudan doruya gizli isizlikle balantldr. C) sizlik istatistikleri hkmete yaymlanm olup bunlar bir ok sorunu da ifade etmektedir ve bu sorunlarn bazlar sadece gizli isizlik konusuna ilikindir. D) Pek ok sorunu ortaya koyan is izlik istatistikleri hkmet tarafndan aklanmtr ve bu sorunlardan bazlar tamamen gizli isizlie ilikindir. E) Hkmet tarafndan yaymlanan isizlik istatistikleri bir ok sorun iermektedir ve bunlarn bazlar gizli isizlikle ilgilidir.

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41. M ost Cuban exiles in America believ e that Cu ba p os se ss es b io lo gi ca l wa rf ar e technology and is also on friendlier terms with Ir aq than the Pent agon thi nks. A ) Amerikadaki Kbal srgnlerin ou, Kbann biyolojik sava teknolojisine s ahip olduuna ve ayrca, Irakla Pentagonun sandndan daha dosta ilikiler iinde olduuna inanmaktadr.

A ) 11 Eyllde Dnya Ticaret Merkezi terris tlerin saldrsna uraynca, New Yorkta yeni belediye bakan i in n seim yaplmas yoluna gidildi.

B ) Terristlerin 11 Eyllde Dnya Ticaret Merkezine saldrmalar zerine New Yorkun yeni belediye bakan iin derhal n seime gidildi. C) Terristler 11 Eyllde Dnya Ticaret Merkezine saldrdklarnda, New Yorkun yeni belediye bakan iin n seimde oy verme ilemi devam ediyordu. D) Dnya Ticaret Merkezi 11 Eyllde terristlerin saldrsna uradnda yeni New York belediye bakannn n seimi iin oy verme ilemi balamak zereydi.

.b

E) 11 Eyllde Dnya Ticaret Merkezi terris tlerce saldrya uradnda, New Yorkun yeni belediye bakan iin n seim oylamas yaplyordu.

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42. Ph il To ny Ph il To ny : ----

40. When the t errori sts at tacked the W orld Trade Centre on September 11th, v oting was already under way in the primary ele ction for New Yor ks n ew may or.

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D) Amerikadaki Kbal ou srgnn inancna gre, Kba, biyoloik sava teknolojisine sahiptir ve Irakla Pentagonun dndnden de ileri dzeyde dosta ilikiler iindedir. E) Amerikadaki pek ok Kbal srgn, Pentagonun tersine, Kbann biyolojik sava teknolojis ine s ahip olduuna ve Irakla sanldndan daha dosta ilikiler srdrdne inanmaktadr.

42. - 46. sorularda, karlkl ko nu ma n n b o b ra k lan k sm n da s y le nmi o lab ile cek s z bul unu z .

: We re th e Fab ia ns co mm uni st s?

: Can y ou giv e me an example? : Yes. T hey b eliev ed that re form m us t c o me f r om th e enli ghtened coopera tion of all cl asse s, n ot from the ir o pp o si t i on .

A ) W hy do you ask? No one remembers them n o w. B ) Everyone will give you a dif ferent ans wer to that question. C) They werent really a group, you know. They were a collection of unus ual people. D) Some people rec kon they were. But s ome of their beliefs were quite diff erent. E) G eorge Bernard Shaw was the bes t known member of the group. And I dont think he was a c ommunis t.

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C) Amerikadaki ou Kbal srgnn de inand gibi, Kbann biyolojik sava teknolojisi vardr ve ayrca, Kba Irakla Pentagonun zannettiinden daha dosta ili kiler srdrmektedir.

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B ) Amerikadaki pek ok Kbal srgn, Kbada biyolojik sava teknolojisinin varlna ve ayn zamanda Kbann, Irakla Pentagonun d ndnden daha dosta ilikilere sahip olduuna inanyor.

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43. Fr an k : At last Iv e managed to get a copy of this months Practical M att ers. : ---: Do you really have one? I though t y ou nev e r read maga z ines, so I nev er ev en thought of asking y ou. : I dont usually. But this month I hear d there were a coupl e of interesting ar ticles in it. M ary Ke n 46. Ke n

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: If y ou go to the Lake District, be sure to v isit the little town of G ra sm er e. T h e sc en er y t he re i s m a gn i f i c en t . : ---: T hats right. He liv ed there for nine y ears in Dov e Cottage and was buried in the churchy ard of St. Oswald.

Dan Fr an k

A ) Is that on Lake W indermere too?

A ) Then when youve finished with it pass it on to me. B ) W hy didnt you ask me for mine? C) Good. There are some interesting articles in it this month. D) You were luc ky then. T hey are us ually all sold by the 17th of the month. E) I took out a subscription so mine comes through the pos t. 44. Clara : Wel come bac k! Wh en w ere y ou la st h ere ? I t mu st be some thi ng like 15 y ears. : Ev en more than that. Nearly 20! : ----

B ) The poet W ordsworth is as sociated with Grasmere, isnt he?

C) I plan to avoid all tourist centres and head for the mountains. D) Im told that one walks up the mountains there; there is no serious climbing.

Clara Sarah

: I certainly hav e. For one thing, ev er y w he re is v er y mu ch g r e e n e r.

A ) Then Im sure you must have found everywh er e very c hang ed .

B ) How long do you expect to be here this time?

C) W ell, youre certainly looking fine. All things c ons idered, you havent c hanged very much. D) It doesnt seem that long, but I suppose it is . E) Is it really? And where have you been in the meanwhile? 45. Pat : What is the function of the jury in a trial?

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A) I B) II A) I B) II

Sarah

47. (I) In the field of interior decoration, glass has come into high fav our in recent times. (II) T here h av e also been many innov ations in lighting m ethods all owing lig htin g sy s tems to b e wor ked i nto the structure of rooms. (III) T his is largely on account of its versatility. (IV) It can take any colour and is capable of a large v ariety of surface tr eatment. (V) T he use of a mirror-wal l has also become po pular as it doubles the siz e of an interior and g iv es i t co mp le te n es s an d sy mm et ry. C) III D) IV E) V

Colin

: It has to listen to all the ev id en ce an d de ci de wh et he r or not the accused person is guilty.

Pat

: ---: He adv ises the jury and passes sentence on the accused if he is found guilty.

Colin

A ) How does the jury know that the acc us ed really is guilty? B ) Does the jury have a legal training? C) How are the jury members chosen? D) W hat happens if the judge and the jury dis agree? E) W ell then, what is the duty of the judge?

48. (I) T he educat ion sy stem s of the world are constantly being criticised. (II) They ar e cr iti cise d b ecau se e mph asis is giv en to theories instead of v alues, to concepts instead of human beings, to efficiency rather than conscience. (III) Children are taught to compete. ( IV) One might expect that education would serv e as an adequate barrier to barbarity. (V) But they are not taught how best to live in a truly su stai nabl e so ciet y. C) III D) IV E) V

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47. - 51. sorularda, cmleler srasy la oku nduu nda pa ran n anl am btnl n boz an cmley i bulunuz .

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E) Yes , W ordsworth desc ribes that partic ular view in a number of his poems.

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Dan

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49. (I) Adv ertising by its very nature is obtrusiv e and attracts attention to itself as well as to the goods and serv ices it offers. (II) T his is why ev ery one has something to say about it. (III) So it is not surprising that it has become a popular subject of controv ersy. (IV) As a matter of fact, in the long run, products sell on their merits. (V) Nor is it likely that the arguments that rage around it will soon be settled one w ay or the other. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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52. - 56. sorularda, parada bo braklan y ere uygun den ifadey i bu lu nu z .

Balang saati : 10:40 Biti saati : 10:55 Top la m s r e : 15 dakika

A) I

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B) II C) III D) IV

51. (I) Dantes influence on the literature of his country is unparalleled in literary history. (II) Especially with his Div ine Comedy, he set the final pattern of literary Italian. (III) His epistles and eclogues owed a lot to Latin rhetorical wri tings. (IV) T his g reat m asterp iece i s a poetic narrativ e of a journey through hell, purgatory, and heav en in which he pass ed mora l judge ment on early 14th century Italy. (V) Already in his lifetime im it ati on s o f thi s g re at wo rk we re attempted, but he w as too great to be s uc ce ss f ul ly i m it at ed . E) V

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A) I

B) II

C) III

D) IV

E) V

53. T he argumen ts for and aga inst adv ertisin g hav e been complica ted by the difficulty of isolating adv ertising costs. ---- . For instance, the expense inv olv ed in making the y early style changes in American cars is put down as a manufacturing cost, but it could well be argued that it should be put down as a sell ing co st. A ) It has been claimed that, in some cases, one c annot dis tinguis h between manufac turing and selling costs B ) Conversely, it can be argued that advertis ing contributes to economies in manuf ac ture C) Nevertheles s, the true c ost of advertising is extremely dif ficult to as sess D) This is because advertising on a mass sc ale enables a manufacturer to produce goods in greater quantities, and therefore more cheaply E) The two main types of advertising are the informative and the competitive

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50. (I) T he causes of d epression differ in me n an d wo men . (I I) R ese ar ch s ho ws th at w om en u su al ly i nt er na li se d is tr es s, wh ile me n e xte rna lise it . ( III ) Depr ess ed women a re more likely to talk abou t their problems and rea ch out for help. (I V) De pr ess ed me n o ft en ha v e le ss tolerance for internal pain and turn to some action or sub stance for rel ief. (V) M al e de press ion is t hus l ess obv i ous th an f ema le d epr essi on, as the mal e, instead of try ing to deal with it, seeks to run away from it.

A ) In f act, only a relatively small percentage of adolesc ents will agree to overlook ac ts of vi olen c e B ) No one knows where the border between normal and abnormal is C) Some people argue that the brain is the cause of aggression and the cure for it D) Clearly there is no easy way to eliminate s chool violenc e E) T hey want to know why they have happ ened

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52. Every one in the US has been shocked by th e rec en t ser ie s o f hig h sch oo l mur de rs co mmi tte d b y m ale stu den ts. Pe opl e a re also extremely puz z led by them. ---- . Pr ese ntl y, man y sc ien tis ts are ev en seek ing biol ogical e xplanati ons for this not common but c ertain ly des tructi v e, social pathology.

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54. T h e pr ecis e he alth and env iron ment al effects of noise pollution are not fully known. ---- . M oreov er, sounds of high intensity and long duration can cause pe rman ent dam age to the au dito ry system. A ) Noises from indus trial operations are us ually confined to the plant structure B ) The impact of vehicle noise on a population usually depends on traf fic conc entrations rather than on any individual vehic le C) Prolonged noise expos ure may c ause general pers onal distress , either singly or in combination with other s tress D) The other important s ec ondary eff ec t of noise on human health is noise-induced vibration E) Noise has the same general ef fects on animals as it does on humans

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56. T he troubadours belong to 11th century Fr ance . T hey wer e p oet -mus ici ans abo ut whom we know little as prac tically none of their music has surv iv ed. ---- . Co nte mpor ary wi th the m in G e rma ny we re the M inn es in ger s b ut th eir s on gs we re mo stl y s imi lar t o e ccl esi as tic al hymns.

B ) The earliest history of W estern music is closely bound up with the Church

C) Probably their music was largely sec ular and their songs were mostly about love and beauty D) Meanwhile in 14th century Italy a quite s eparate form of mus ic was developing

E) Indeed, little is known about the history of sec ular mus ic

A ) By capital we mean not just money but more es pecially a means of production

B ) As it happens, in a capitalist soc iety only a very s mall proportion of industrial ac tivity is under the control of the government, and sometimes none at all C) This notion of private ownership of the means of production as a c entral feature of c apitalism s hould not arouse c ontrovers y D) This , however, will not s erve to identify capitalis m as a distinctive sys tem since goods and services have at all times been exchanged with a view to striking a good barg ain

E) However, it is necessary to limit the application of the term capitalism to a discernible pattern of social and ec onomic relations

.b

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55. It has been argued that capitalism entails the production of goods or the prev ision of serv ices for profit. ---- . Even th oug h m any of th ese tra nsa cti ons we re ba rter exc hang es, this doe s no t me an that profit was enti rely absent. It was si mply som e fo rm o f p rofi tabl e ex chan ge that did not inv olv e money.

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A ) Not until the 15th century did England begin to make a significant contribution to the history of mus ic

A
57. - 80. sorular

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58. It is pointed out in the passage that, in general, the British people ---- . A ) do not have much faith in the press B ) are more influenced by what they s ee on the television than by what they read in the n ews p ap er s C) are indifferent to the f orc es of economic globalis ation E) equate journalis m with democrac y

Balang saati : 11:00 Biti saati : 12:00 Top la m s r e : 60 dakika Her bir metin ve buna ait 3 soruyu cevaplamak iin toplam 7.5 dakika ay rnz . 57. - 59. sorular aadaki paraya gre cev aplay nz .

.b

57. T he impo rtant poin t str essed in t his passage is that ---- . A ) the internet will replace the press unless the press improves its standards

B ) the standard of journalism in Britain is partic ularly high C) journalism has a very important duty to fulfil D) the importance of the press is very often overes timated E) there is no valid role left for the press in the media age

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59. T he writer of this passage is clearly firmly conv inced tha t the v arious newsprov i ding tec hnologie s such a s the internet and telev ision ---- . A ) are very liberal in their attitudes towards human behaviour B ) will presently take over all the f unc tions of the pres s C) already present matters of global importance in a far more convincing manner than the press can D) cannot s erve the same purpose as an independent pres s E) are being unfairly criticised by a great many journalis ts

In surv ey s of British public opinion, journali sts ty pically ra nk below polit icians, lawy ers and used -car s al es me n a s tr us tw or t hy c ha ra c te rs . An d y et w e depend u pon journ alists to guide us through today s rapidly ev olv ing, infor mation-r ich med ia age. T he internet, digita l telev ision and technologies as y et u nborn all promise to re v ol uti oni se how we l ear n a bou t w hat s going on, in a world increasingly shaped by the forces of economic globalisation. But there is surely no substitute for good- quality, p robing jo urnalism. After all, it is the great crusading craft. It is the great support of democracy. In ev ery so cie ty, au tho rit y - wh eth er gov ern men t, co rpor ate or pres sure gro up - ne eds to be constantly and v igorously challenged by an independent press. In ev ery society too, that c hallenge rarely come s from the right. Indeed, in theory at least, it should com e from the campai gning , libe ral medi a.

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D) prefer right-wing to left-wing journalis m

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61. An intere sting point made in th e pass age is that ---- . A ) the old history of a Japanese city is to be found in side streets not in busy commercial ones B ) the Japanes e villages have completely avoided the c ity trends of modernis ation C) the character of the Japanese is changing rapidly as a result of modernisation D) Japanese temples and shrines no longer play a signific ant role in the J apanese way of lif e

60. T he passage contains a lot about renov ation within the old houses and buildings ---- .

A ) though many of them are being pulled down

.b

B ) including the dec orations of temples and shrines in the main streets

C) though a large proportion of the interiors have remained unchanged D) which are largely s ituated around the main s tat ion E) but the people are basically still traditional

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As one ste ps out of the busy commercial streets in front of the station in a Japanese city and mov es on into the side st re et s, o ne o ft en en co un te rs o ld s ho ps and his tori c te mple s an d sh rine s wh ich hint at the former character of the city. It is in the side streets rather than the main roads that the original face of a city is to be found. But ev en in antique-looking hou ses in s ide stre ets, one can oft en s ee that their interiors may hav e been rebuilt and their fittings replaced in an attempt to kee p abreast of the tim es. T his a pplies in farming v illages as well as cities; ol d-s ty le hou se s a nd bui ld ing s d ec rea se y ear by y ear, and in some cases the cha nges h av e be en ev en mor e radi cal than those which hav e occurred in the cities. But although outward app earance and facilities may hav e been renov ated, there has surely been no renov ation in the sen sibilities a nd attitudes of the peo ple wh o liv e in these new env iron ment s.

E) in modern Japan more and more people are moving from farming villages to cities

62. T hi s pa ssag e is prim aril y con cern ed w ith ---- . A ) the pride that the Japanese people feel for their great historic heritage B ) the ec onomic importance of activities in the side streets of J apanes e c ities C) the contrast in life-s tyles between the villages and the cities of Japan D) the social importance of J apanes e temples and shrines E) the blend of old and new in pres ent-day Japan

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63. - 65. sorular aadaki paraya gre cev aplay nz .

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64. According to the passage one of the aims of internal marketing is to ---- . A ) upgrade the quality of a companys c us tomer s ervic e B ) ensure that there is a continual supply of goods C) encourage in-service training f or all emp loyees

63. We learn from the passage that as a term, internal marketing ---- . A ) refers to the qualifications required of a c ompanys s taf f B ) has only been in use since the 1990s C) has been extens ively dealt with in ac ademia publications

.b

D) has as yet no practical application E) has been in use in marketing strategies for s everal dec ades

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In the past decade the term internal ma rk eti ng has e mer ge d in ma ny compani es to describ e the applica tion of mark eting i nternal ly wit hin the firm. T his se em s to be a n a re a w he re pr ac ti se appears ahead of theory. Despite the ex ist enc e of ma ny int ern al m ark eti ng prog rammes , no bo oks, a t leas t in English, hav e been published on internal marketing and only a handful of articles hav e ad dres sed this imp orta nt a nd em er gi ng ar ea. T he re ar e t wo k ey aspects to this. One inv olv es the notion of the internal customer. T hat is, ev ery per son w orkin g wit hin an or ganiz ation is both a supplier and a customer. Here we are concern ed with getti ng staf f to recognise that both indiv iduals and d ep a rt me n ts ha v e cu s to m er s, an d det ermini ng wh at can be d one t o impr ov e lev els of customer serv ice and quality lev e ls with in the organi sation. T he se cond as pec t is co nce rned wi th maki ng certain that all staff work together in a manner that is attuned to the company s miss ion, st rategy and go als.

E) increase the number of cus tomers through promotions

65. Acc ording to t he pas sage, when there is internal marketing within a firm ---- . A ) its ac tivities will be reviewed at regular intervals and its employees enc ouraged to make their sugges tions B ) every employee s hould be ins tructed as to the companys aims and strategies C) the employees are invariably seen to be c on tent ed D) all the employees are expected to work together in harmony with the c ompanys objec tives E) there are regular meetings between management and repres entatives of the emp loyees

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D) promote a spirit of competition between departments

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66. - 68. sorular aadaki paraya gre cev aplay nz .

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67. Acco rding to the pas sage, as new techniques in adv ertising ev olv e in one part of the world ---- . A ) other parts of the world feel under press ure to c ome up with something new

66. As it is pointed out in the passage, adv ertising in this age ---- .

.b

A ) has not grown rapidly more effective in spite of the increased enthusiasm and skill of copywriters and artis ts B ) has tended to give more and more detailed inf ormation

C) tends to concentrate on the arts of pers uas ion D) s eems to have f orgotten how ef fec tive an illustration can be E) has grown more selective and simpler

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T h e a dv e rt isi ng tec hni que s a nd me tho ds used today were f or the most part devised in Britain, Europe and America, and as a new technique evolv ed in one country it was quickly taken up el sew her e. T he pr acti se con tin ues on a wo rld- wide sca le. T he sim plif icat ion of the words and i llustr ations in ad v er ti sem ent s has co me ab out a s t he resul t of the skill of copy wri ters, ar tists an d ph ot ogr ap he rs co mb in ed wi th t he fi nd in gs o f ad v e rt is in g re se ar ch w or ke rs . Adv e rtisers hav e fou nd it i s often more effect iv e to conce ntrate on p utting across one aspect of their product than to go into lengthy descriptions. T hey hav e seiz ed on the truth of the say ing that a picture can be worth a thousand words. Some critics of adv ertisi ng hav e argued th at an adv ertiser should be content to furnish the public with information about his product and draw the line at persuasion, but in practise the div iding line betw een infor ming and pe rsu adi ng is imp os sib le to dra w. Pe rsu asi on s tar ts at the poi nt whe re information is first supplied, particularly wh en, as mu st happ en for re aso ns of space and time, the information giv en is s e le c t iv e .

B ) they rapidly s pread to another C) the competition for markets is intensified D) and are c opied in another, local differenc es dis appear E) c opywriters s tart to look for f res h ins piration els ewhere

68. We und ers tan d fr om the pas sag e th at adv ertis ing i s gen erall y reg arded as serv ing the dual functions of informing and persuading, ---- . A ) though the information supplied is not always reliable B ) pers uasion, however, is by f ar the more important C) however, thes e two func tions are ac tually ins eparable D) but the amount of information offered is restricted by lack of s pace E) and this is the reason why advertis ements have grown longer

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69. - 71. sorular aadaki paraya gre cev aplay nz .

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70. It is pointed out in the passage that adv ances in library technique ---- . A ) have s lowed down and are now almost at a s tandstill B ) have, to a large extent, been the work of the Americ an Library Ass oc iation C) comprise only a very small part of a librarians training E) are of interest only to the profess ional librarian and do not affect the general public

A ) the state has, in most countries, taken over their administration

.b

69. We u nderstan d from t he pass age that , as librarians hav e grown in importance, ---- .

B ) it has been neces sary to find separate facilities f or sc ientific s ubjec ts C) the need to train people in librarianship has been rec ognised D) prof es s ional qualif ications are everywhere es sential for admiss ion to the prof ess ion of librarian even in a very junior capacity E) library ass oc iations have been formed in most countries to ensure that all libraries are organized in the same manner

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T he g rowth of the imp ortance of libra ries in both the social and the scientific sph eres has led t o a great dev e lopm ent in library science and in educational trai ning fo r the pr ofessio n of librarianship. In G ermany and France r eq ui re me nt s fo r a dm is si on t o th e profession of librarian hav e been laid down by the state; in other countries wh ere ther e ar e li bra ry s choo ls a nd p ro fe s si on a l ex a mi na t io n s, p r of es s io na l qualif ications are usually ex pected though they are not necessary for ad mis sio n to the pr ofe ss ion . T he Amer ican L ibrary Associ ation, founde d in 1876, was the first such association to be establi shed in the world, and h as been re spo nsi ble in no sma ll mea sure fo r t he adv ances in library techniques in America an d el se wh er e. L ib rar y as so ci at io ns n ow exist in most countries. T he English Library Association, founded in 1878, holds national and local conferences, maintains an excellent library and in fo rma ti on bu rea u, pr omo te s f ac ili ti es for pro fess ional edu catio n, c ondu cts e xa m in a ti o ns (e l em e n ta r y, in t er m ed i at e and final) and maintains a register of qualif ied librar ians.

71. It is clear from the passage that the English Library Association ---- . A ) plays a very active role in the training of librarians B ) rarely makes any contact with the general public C) is almost an exact replica of the American Library As s oc iation D) is in many important res pec ts very diff erent from its counterpart in the States E) has been responsible for the rapid development in library scienc e throughout the world

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D) are still little known outside of America

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72. - 74. sorular aadaki paraya gre cev aplay nz .

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73. T he write r of t his pa ssage offers an explanation as to why da Vinci ---- . A ) fills his pictures with so much restless movement B ) pref erred sc ientif ic exploration to c reative painting C) had to keep his scientific activities quite separate f rom his creative ones

72. T his passage about Leonardo da Vinci puts the emphasis on ---- .

A ) his s cientific activities rather than on his artistic ones B ) his versatility and the apparently conflicting elements in his works

.b

C) the masterly execution of his Las t Supper painting D) how medieval influences are apparent in all his paintings E) how f ully representative he was of the Renaissance spirit of Italy in his age

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T he art of Leonardo da Vinci, like his character, is full of conflicting tendencies and ap parent con tradiction s. His tir eless curio sity, co mbined w ith his deep fee ling for all liv ing things, led him as a scientist to explore the entire range of natural ph eno men a, whi le a t t he sam e t ime a fantast ic creativ e im agination cau sed him as an artist to tran sform the results of his scientif ic resea rches i n a thou sand wa y s . T he se tw o e le me nts o f h is na tu re alternated throughout his life and explain his res tless change s of occupat ion and the fact that he nev er dev oted himself exclusively to painting for very long at a time. Although in his v ersatility and sci entif ic int erest s he is us ually regar ded as the qui ntessence of the m an of the Renai ssance, y e t some of the produc ts of his tortured imagination are a direct reminder of the middle ages. Ev en in his artis tic outp ut confl icting t endencie s are apparent. In the Last Supper he reaches the p eak of his Renaissa nce classi cism, wh er ea s in ot he r w or ks , suc h as t he An ghia ri cart oon , hi s s ens e of re stle ss m ov e m en t cl e a rl y fo r e sh a d ow s th e baroque. Finally, in the Deluge drawings, he p ro du ce s wo rk s wh ic h ar e co mp le te ly unrelated to Europe an art and suggest that of the Far East.

E) did not concentrate exclusively on his art for any long period of time

74. It is clear from this passage that the wr ite r d oes no t s har e the co mmo nly he ld view that da Vinci ---- . A ) was a lonely, is olated figure who did not share in the activities of his own age B ) was the greates t artist of the Renaiss ance C) s hould have devoted himself exc lusively to his artistic activities D) is the embodiment of the typical Renais sance man E) had a creative imagination but it was stifled by his scientif ic curiosity

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D) chose to paint the Last Supper in the high Renaiss ance s tyle

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75. - 77. sorular aadaki paraya gre cev aplay nz .

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76. It is pointed out in the passage that French ---- . A ) is the ideal language of literature and culture but lac ks the definition necessary f or the c onduc t of everyday lif e B ) is a language of great beauty and eloquence, but that these qualities cannot be apprec iated out of France

A ) especially in Britain and America B ) only during the years of Franc es military and political s upremacy

.b

75. Accordi ng to the wri ter of this p assage, Fre nch wa s wid ely u sed ou tside of France ---- .

C) though this was not gratifying to the French people D) among all clas ses of s ociety E) largely on account of its intrinsic merits and becaus e France was culturally to the fore

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T he extension of French as a second or acquired language is particularly striking. T his was t o some exten t the result of military and political prestige, but the v irtues of the language itself and French cultural achiev ements actually played a much gr eater role. T he lead which France took in the 12th century in literature and in other domains made its language a sort of lingua franca of the cultured classes of Europe; and in the 17th and 18th c enturies Fre nch was cult iv ated assiduously by the royal courts and the up per cl ass es of mo st Eur ope an count ries and was wri tten by many non-Fre nch authors. But ev en bef ore the end of the 18th century French began to lo se gro und , a nd th e m ov e men t w as accelerated by the reviv al of national sentiment in Europe at the turn of the century and later by the rise of English under the influence of Britain and Amer ica. M a ny thin gs, ho wev er, hav e f ou nd t he ir s up re m e ex pr es si on i n French; and its precision, beauty and eloquence make it a classical language in the tru e sen se o f the wor ld.

D) should not have been replaced by English

E) has sc arcely changed at all since it rose to importance in the 12th century

77. It is clear from the passage that the spread of nationalism in Europe in the opening y ears of the 19th century ---- . A ) slowed down the emergence of Englis h as an international language B ) contributed to the dec line in the importance of Frenc h as a foreign language C) followed the sudden loss of the military pres tige of France D) was firmly encouraged by a group of nonFrenc h writers E) was a sure sign that the period of Frances lead in cultural matters was completely over

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C) was the language f avoured by many nonFrench writers in Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries

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79. It is clear from the passage that the great tu rnin g po int in Ande rsen s c aree r ca me ---- . A ) with the publication of the story She was W orth Nothing

78. We under stan d fro m the pass age that the story of Andersen s own life ---- . A ) reads like a fairy story B ) is one of continual hardship and dis appointment C) lacked intensity and variety D) provided him with no materials for the s tories he wrote E) shows how lonely is the lif e of a gifted wr i t er

.b

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TEST BTT.

Hans C. Andersen, the Danish author, was born on 2nd April, 1805 at Odense in Fnen . His fath er, a poor shoemaker, was devoted to reading and thinking, but died when Hans was a child. His mother was a s im pl e , un ed u ca te d w om a n, w ho af te r he r sec on d mar ri age s an k s ti ll de ep er into pov erty and took to drinking in her old age. Andersen, who lov ed h er dearly, told her story in She was Worth Nothing. His grandmother did her best to spoil the boy, who was giv en to day dreaming. After a v ery meagre education in a pa uper -sch ool it w as i nten ded to apprentice him to a tailor, but as a fo rtu ne- tell er had fo ret old tha t O den se would one day be illuminated in his hono ur, his mother permitt ed him t o go to Cop enha gen, whe re h e tr ied to become an actor or a singer, but cut a pitiable figure. Fortunately, kind people sup port ed h im. T hank s to the supp ort and guardianship of Jones Collin, an influen tial councillo r of state, Andersen at the age of 17 was sent to school. In 1828 he matriculated and at once began to write, mostly play s and poems. In the 30s he trav elled abroad twice. From 1835 his fairy tales began to appear in i ns ta lm en t s, a nd w e re s oo n t ra ns la te d into almost all the European languages, and gained for him a world reputation. T h e ful l a ck now led ge men t of his o wn coun try men , for w hich he longe d so much, came much later. But it came at last. He liv ed to see Odense, his nativ e town, illuminated in his honour as pr ophesied.

B ) when his father died C) when his firs t poems were publis hed D) during his first tour of Europe

80. It is pointed out in the passage that thoug h Andersen got worl d acclaim early in his career ---- .

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A ) this did not make up for the fact that his own c ountry never rec ognised him B ) he never set foot outside his own c ountry D) his own c ountry was s low to rec ognise his gif ts E) his happies t days were thos e he had spent with his family in his childhood

Kalan 30 dakika srenin 15 dakikasn hi bakam adnz sorular iin kullanabilirsiniz . Daha nce z erinde ur at n z so rula ra t ekra r ge ri d nm e y i ni z .

Son 15 dakikalk srey i asla soru z erek gei rmey ini z . Bu s re z arf nda see nekler iniz i sayn z v e b o br akt nz sorular, cevap kadnz da sayca en az ka n se en e e g r e i a re tle y i ni z .

CEVAPLARINIZ I KONTROL EDNZ .

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E) when, aged 17, Collin sent him to school

SOSYAL BLMLER - 8

DS DENEME SINAVI SOSYAL BLMLER - 8 CEVAP ANAHTARI

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SOSYAL BLMLER - 8

DS DENEME SINAVI SOSYAL BLMLER - 8 YABANCI KELMELER

Soru 1. Soru 2. make for = yapmak, ortaya karmak, ileriye gtrmek, produce, advance make off = aceleyle gitmek/kmak/terk etmek, make away, escape see off = (birini) geirmek/uurlamak/yolcu etmek turn out = 1) (bir hatas nedeniyle birini) dar karmak, throw out; 2) (k vs.) kapamak, sndrmek look over = incelemek, gz gezdirmek, examine, inspect

Soru 3.

Soru 4.

Soru 5.

rely on = gvenmek, bel balamak, depend, entrust, zt anl. = distrust react (to) = tepki gstermek, respond

Soru 6.

contemporary = ada, gncel, yat, modern, current, zt anl. = archaic, ancient conceivable = akla yatkn, makul, reasonable, zt anl. = inconceivable reliable = gvenilir, emin, salam, trustworthy, dependable, zt anl. = unreliable syndicalism = sendikaclk (zellikle genel grev yoluyla retim aralarn ii rgtlerine devretmeye alan siyasi hareket) embody = kapsamak, iermek, include, combine, zt anl. = exclude, divide seize = tutmak, yakalamak, el koymak, ele geirmek, grab, catch, zt anl. = relinquish means of production = retim aralar tremendously = son derece, ok byk apta, greatly, enormously, zt anl. = slightly consistently = tutarl bir ekilde, invariably, zt anl. = divergently flora = bitey, bitki rts

Soru 7.

Soru 9.

Soru 10. eliminate = gidermek, yok etmek, throw out, defeat, get rid of steady = tutarl, istikrarl, sabit, deimeyen, devaml, salam, stable, consistent, zt anl. = unsteady, shaky Soru 11. fall into disrepute = ad ktye kmak in accordance with = e uygun olarak, uyarnca, in compliance with, zt anl. = contrary to Soru 12. slavery = klelik as such = 1) yle, yle, byle; 2) aslnda moreover = bundan baka, ayrca, stelik, additionally, furthermore

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Soru 8.

ripen = olgunla(tr)mak, mature gradually = aamalar halinde, yava yava, step-by-step, progressively, zt anl. = abruptly, suddenly make ones way = ilerlemek, yol kat etmek, hayatta baarl olmak, advance globe = yerkre

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separation = ayrlma, ayrma, break-up, split, zt anl. = unification discrimination = ayrmclk, ayrm yapma, bias, unfairness, zt anl. = impartiality diversity = eitlilik, farkllk, variety, assortment, zt anl. = uniformity

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pull up (to/with) = (dier bir yarmac vs. ile) ayn dzeye gelmek, (dierini) yakalamak make up for = telafi etmek, compensate, settle turn down = geri evirmek, reddetmek, refuse

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SOSYAL BLMLER - 8 Soru 13. occasion = olay, frsat, vesile, gerek, neden, event, opportunity, cause assert = (zorla) kabul ettirmek, ne srmek, insist, press, declare mediate = araclk/arabuluculuk etmek, araya girmek, intercede dispute = anlamazlk, uyumazlk, tartma, ekime, controversy, argument, zt anl. = agreement, understanding involved = (olaya) karm, iin iinde olan acknowledge = (bir gerei) kabul etmek, admit, recognise, zt anl. = deny, ignore intervene = araya girmek, interfere, mediate Soru 14. manufactured = imal edilmi Soru 15. with great ease = ok byk bir kolaylkla

Soru 16. acknowledgement = 1) (kitaplarda) teekkr blm; 2) kabullenme, recognition Soru 17. Industrial Relation(ship)s = veren ii ilikileri

Soru 22. threaten = tehdit etmek, gzda vermek, warn, jeopardise, zt anl. = relieve, protect empirical = deneysel, ampirik resolve = 1) zmek, solve; 2) karar vermek, decide; 3) azalmak, iyiye gitmek, recover critical = eletirisel Soru 23. traditionally = geleneksel olarak, conventionally persecution = zulm, eziyet, cruelty, brutality, zt anl. = benevolence unite = birletirmek, bir araya getirmek, combine, consolidate, zt anl. = disunite, sever warrior = sava Soru 24. involvement = ilgi, iliki, karma, bulama, concern, engagement carry out = yapmak, yerine getirmek, uygulamak, accomplish, fulfil, implement, perform Soru 25. incident = olay, hadise, occurrence, event, happening devastating = ykc, yok edici, harap edici, destructive, disastrous, zt anl. = constructive witness = tank/ahit olmak, tanklk/ahitlik etmek, observe

Soru 26. bring down = 1) aaya ekmek, azaltmak; 2) ykmak, yerle bir etmek enterprise = giriim, teebbs ensure = garanti etmek, salamak, temin etmek, secure, guarantee privatisation = zelletirme crucial = can alc, kritik, ok nemli, pivotal, vital, zt anl. = trivial Soru 27. fit into = s(dr)mak, uy(dur)mak, uygun olmak, go/place in, be suitable mold = kalp alike = 1) benzer; 2) eit ekilde; 3) hem..., hem..., similar, in the same way, both Soru 28. colonist = koloni kuran imperial = imparatorlua ait, emperyal

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Soru 21. provided that = kouluyla, artyla unless = mezse, medike

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Soru 18. severe = sert, kat, iddetli, ciddi, g, firm, hard, rigid, serious, difficult, zt anl. = soft, mild Act = yasa pass = (yasa) geirmek/karmak, enact

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SOSYAL BLMLER - 8 supervision = gzetim ve denetim, superintendence, administration grievance = yaknma, ikayet, ikayete yol aan ey, complaint monetary = parasal, mali legislation = yasama, kanun yapma; yasalar, kanunlar, enactment; laws Soru 29. sense of community = cemaat/topluluk/birliktelik duygusu advocate = desteki, savunucu, avukat, supporter, lawyer; (fiil=) desteklemek, savunmak, support relativism = bantclk, grecelik inevitably = kanlmaz bir ekilde, unavoidably, zt anl. = avoidably separatism = ayrlklk

Soru 42. enlighten = aydnlatmak, bilgilendirmek, explain, advise, educate enlightened = aydn opposition = muhalefet collection = toplama, koleksiyon reckon = sanmak, dnmek, saymak, hesaplamak, think, calculate Soru 43. manage = 1) becermek, baarmak, accomplish, succeed; 2) ynetmek, idare etmek, administer, run pass on (to) = (bir bilgi, sz vs.) (kiiden kiiye) iletmek/gndermek, send take out = (belge, evrak, sigorta poliesi vs.) elde etmek, satn almak, obtain subscription = abonelik Soru 44. all things considered = her ey gz nne alndnda in the meanwhile = bu sre iinde, bu arada Soru 45. sentence = karar, hkm pass sentence on = karar bildirmek/iletmek

Soru 46. scenery = doal manzara magnificent = grkemli, harika churchyard = kilise bahesi/avlusu be associated with = ile ilgisi/ilikisi olmak, be affiliated/connected with head for = (bir yere doru) yolculua hazrlanmak

Soru 47. come into high favour = ok tutulmaya balamak work into = (yava hareketlerle) yerletirmek, oturtmak, uydurmak, (yuvasna) altrmak versatility = ok ynllk/fonksiyonluluk, many-sidedness surface treatment = yzey ilemleri

Soru 48. constantly = devaml, srekli, continually, perpetually, zt anl. = rarely, seldom criticize = eletirmek concept = kavram

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Soru 31. care about = 1) sevmek, holanmak, be fond of; 2) (bir fikir vs.) ile ilgilenmek overestimate = fazla tahmin etmek, abartmak, overrate, zt anl. = underestimate context = balam, evre ve koullar

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Soru 30. approach = yaklamak, yanamak, reach, near, (isim=) yaklam, attitude fatigue = yorgunluk, tiredness overlook = dikkate almamak, gzden karmak, disregard, ignore, miss, zt anl. = notice, spot interrelated = birbiriyle ilgili/ilikili recover = iyilemek, kendine gelmek, improve, get well, zt anl. = deteriorate

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SOSYAL BLMLER - 8 conscience = vicdan barrier = engel, bariyer sustainable = srdrlebilir, maintainable Soru 49. obtrusive = gze batan, kendini belli eden, conspicuous, prominent, zt anl. = unobtrusive, inconspicuous as a matter of fact = aslnda in the long run = uzun vadede merit = deer, erdem, fazilet, worth, virtue, zt anl. = disadvantage rage = iddetle devam etmek, storm, surge settle = halletmek, zmek, karara varmak, conclude, resolve one way or the other = bir ekilde Soru 50. internalise = ie atmak, kiiselletirmek, znelletirmek, zmsemek distress = znt, ac, endie, misery, pain, worry, zt anl. = alleviation, comfort, relief externalise = da vurmak, nesnelletirmek substance = 1) madde, material, entity; 2) z, esas, asl anlam, essence

Soru 52. puzzle = ar(t)mak, hayrete d(r)mek, confuse, baffle destructive = ykc, zararl, devastating, detrimental, zt anl. = constructive pathology = patoloji (hastalklarn nedeni olan yapsal ve fonksiyonel sapmalar inceleyen bilim dal) Soru 53. for and against = lehinde ve aleyhinde put down = 1) yazmak, kaydetmek, enter; 2) (yere, geri veya aa) koymak, lay distinguish (between) = (arasnda) ayrm yapmak, ayrmak, ayrt etmek, recognize, identify, tell (the difference) conversely = tersine, aksine, contrarily assess = deerlendirmek, deer bimek, hesaplamak, evaluate, upraise on a mass scale = ktlesel boyutta enable = salamak, imkan vermek, mmkn klmak, yetki vermek, allow, let, empower, zt anl. = forbid, hinder informative = bilgilendirici, tantc, aydnlatc

Soru 54. precise = 1) tam, kesin, definite; 2) dikkatli, titiz, rigorous, zt anl. = indefinite, inaccurate noise pollution = grlt kirlilii intensity = younluk, keskinlik, iddet auditory = iitme ile ilgili, iitsel be confined to = - ile snrl olmak, be limited to plant = fabrika impact = etki; vuru, arpma, effect, influence; hit, collusion concentration = younluk; younlama, odaklanma, intensification; focusing prolong = uzatmak, srdrmek, extend, carry on, zt anl. = shorten prolonged = uzun sreli exposure = maruz brakma/kalma singly = tek bana, individually

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Soru 51. unparalleled = esiz, emsalsiz, bezeri olmayan, superlative, unmatched, zt anl. = inferior epistle = mektup eclogue = pastoral iir rhetorical = sz sanatna zg narrative = anlatm, account purgatory = Araf (cennetle cehennem arasndaki yer) moral judgements = ahlaki deerlendirmeler

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SOSYAL BLMLER - 8 in combination with = ile birlikte, together with secondary = ikincil, tali, subordinate, subsidiary, zt anl. = fundamental, essential induce = 1) neden olmak, cause; 2) ikna etmek, kandrp yaptrmak, convince, persuade noise-induced = grlt kaynakl vibration = titreim Soru 55. entail = iermek, gerektirmek, involve, require transaction = ilem, action, deed barter = dei toku, takas entirely = tamamen, btnyle, completely, zt anl. = partially notion = dnce, fikir, inan, idea, thought arouse = uyandrmak, activate, stir, wake, zt anl. = pacify distinctive = tipik, kendine zg, kolaylkla ayrt edilebilen, characteristic, zt anl. = ordinary striking a good bargain = iyi bir ticaret yapmak, iyi kar elde etmek discernible = fark edilebilir, grlebilir, perceptible, noticeable, zt anl. = imperceptible, obscure Soru 56. hymn = ilahi be bound up with = ok yakn ilikisi/balants olmak secular = dnyevi; laik

Soru 57. fulfil = yerine getirmek, yapmak, accomplish, satisfy, meet, zt anl. = fail to meet valid = geerli, salam, yasal, credible, solid, legitimate, zt anl. = invalid, unacceptable Soru 58. indifferent = aldrmaz, umursamaz, disinterested, zt anl. = heedful right/left-wing = sac, solcu equate = ile bir tutmak, ile eit grmek, match Soru 59. firmly = kararllkla, dn vermez biimde, kuvvetle, skca, salam bir biimde, strongly present = sunmak, takdim etmek, ortaya koymak, introduce, demonstrate, manifest unfairly = hakszlkla, adaletsizce, unjustly, zt anl.= fairly, justly

60. - 62. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler) step out = darya admn atmak encounter = kar karya gelmek, rastlamak, face, come across temple = tapnak shrine = yatr, trbe hint at = akla getirmek, izlenim brakmak, ima etmek, point to, suggest

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57. - 59. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler) rank above/below = (birinden) yksek/aa rtbede/dzeyde olmak trustworthy = gvenilir guide through = klavuzluk etmek, yol gstermek rapidly = hzla, abucak, quickly, fast, zt anl. = slowly evolve = (uzun bir zaman diliminde) geli(tir)mek, progress, develop revolutionise = de devrim yapmak, i kkten deitirmek substitute = (bir eyin veya kiinin) yerine geen, yedek, replacement, reserve probe = aratrmak, incelemek, investigate, explore crusade = 1) mcadele etmek, savam vermek, kampanya yapmak, struggle, fight, campaign; 2) hal seferi craft = zanaat, meslek (daha ok esnaf ve sanatkarlar iin) vigorously = kuvvetlice, gayretli bir ekilde, actively, energetically challenge = meydan okumak, kafa tutmak, (gcn, yeteneini vs.) snamak, confront a challenge (isim) = baarlmas zor i campaign = mcadele etmek, kampanya yapmak

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SOSYAL BLMLER - 8 former = nceki, eski, previous, old, zt anl. = latter, future, next fittings = tesisat malzemeleri keep abreast of = geri kalmamak, ayak uydurmak; olan bitenden haberdar olmak, keep up with apply = iermek, kapsamak, geerli olmak, involve, pertain facility = 1) tesisat; tesis; 2) kolaylk, imkan renovate = yenilemek, tadilat yapmak, recondition, restore renovation = yenileme, tadilat sensibility = ayrt etme yetisi, duyarllk Soru 60. pull down = ykmak, demolish, destroy, zt anl. = erect, set up be situated = bir yerde bulunmak, be located Soru 62. heritage = miras, kalt 63. - 65. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler) address = deinmek, ile uramak, deal with aspect = a, yn, bakm, grn, feature, facet, perspective attune to = e uydurmak, e altrmak, adjust, accord

Soru 63. extensively = yaygn bir ekilde, byk miktarda, substantially, largely, zt anl. = partly academia = akademisyenler camias publication = yayn, basl metin Soru 64. upgrade = gelitirmek, dzeyini ykseltmek, improve, advance, zt anl. = worsen, weaken continual = srekli, devaml, kesintisiz, constant, perpetual in-service training = hizmet ii eitim spirit = gayret, heves Soru 65. invariably = deimez, amaz bir ekilde, her zaman, always, ever, zt anl. = never content = honut/tatmin etmek, gratify, satisfy 66. - 68. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler) devise = tasarlamak, plan gelitirmek, dzenlemek, formulate, invent, organise take up = 1) ele almak, balamak, start; 2) (gaz, sv) tutmak, iine almak, absorb illustration = resim, ekil come about = meydana gelmek, ortaya kmak, olmak, take place, arise finding = bulgu put across = etkili bir ekilde anlatmak/aklamak/sylemek, convey, express lengthy = uzun, uzun uzadya seize on = alp kullanmaya hevesli olmak, hook onto furnish = 1) salamak, provide, supply; 2) demek draw the line at = snr koymak persuasion = ikna etme, inandrma, convincing selective = seici, zellikle seilmi

Soru 66. enthusiasm = evk, istek, heves

Soru 67. come up with = (karlk, yant, fikir vs.) bulmak, ortaya atmak, nermek, think of, suggest Soru 68. dual = ikili, ifte, ift ynl by far = (brlerinden) kat kat daha inseparable = (birbirinden) ayrlamaz

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SOSYAL BLMLER - 8 69. - 71. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler) sphere = alan; kre librarianship = ktphanecilik admission = kabul, giri; itiraf, acceptance, entrance; confession lay down = koymak, yapmak; sermek, set down association = 1) dernek, birlik, kurum, society; 2) iliki, relation in no small measure = hi de kmsenmeyecek bir boyutta maintain = 1) muhafaza etmek, bakmak, keep, retain; 2) srdrmek, devam ettirmek, sustain conduct = yrtmek, ynetmek, uygulamak, administer, carry out register = sicil, kayt Soru 69. junior = az, kk

Soru 72. masterly = ustaca, ustalkl execution = uygulama, yerine getirme, yapma, completion, realisation medieval = ortaaa ait/zg

Soru 73. exploration = aratrma, inceleme Soru 74. isolated = toplumdan uzak embodiment = (bir eyin) somut hali, kendisi, symbol stifle = bomak, bastrmak, gelimesini engellemek, choke, prevent, suppress 75. - 77. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler) extension = byme, genileme, uzatma, development, expansion, zt anl. = curtailment, shrinkage acquired = doutan olmayan, sonradan elde edilmi virtue = meziyet, yarar, avantaj; erdem, fazilet, asset, advantage, goodness, zt anl. = evil lead = barol, nderlik lingua franca = deiik lkelerin kulland ortak dil cultivate = gelitirmek, zenginletirmek, yetitirmek, (topra) ilemek, develop, enrich

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72. - 74. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler) conflicting = (birbiriyle) atan, contradictory contradiction = eliki, aykrlk, tutarszlk, conflict, inconsistency, zt anl. = agreement tireless = bitmez tkenmez, yorulmak bilmez, energetic, vigorous, zt anl. = weary, worn out curiosity = merak throughout = boyunca restless = hi durmayan; huzursuz, hurried; uneasy, zt anl. = calm, peaceful exclusively = sadece, yalnzca, solely, entirely quintessence = mkemmel bir rnek tortured = ac dolu, kederli, anguished reminder = hatrlatma, hatrlatc ey output = randman, kt, retim, verim, product, yield, zt anl. = input peak = doruk noktas foreshadow = (bir eyin) habercisi olmak, foretell, anticipate

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Soru 71. replica = kopya counterpart = karlk, kopya, akran

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Soru 70. be at a standstill = durmu olmak comprise = kapsamak, iermek, den olumak, oluturmak, constitute, consist of, make up

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SOSYAL BLMLER - 8 assiduously = dikkatli ve srekli alarak, diligently lose ground = gerilemek, rabet grmemek, regress, fall back, zt anl. = gain ground accelerate = hzlan(dr)mak, ivme kazandrmak, speed up, zt anl. = retard revival = yeniden canlanma, dirili, uyan sentiment = duygu, dnce, emotion, opinion eloquence = etkili ve gzel sz syleme yetenei

Soru 76. definition = kesinlik, netlik, tam anlamn verebilme zellii rise to importance = nem kazanmak

Soru 80. acclaim = bararak beendiini gstermek, alklamak, hail, applaud set foot = admn atmak

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Soru 78. hardship = glk, sknt, darlk, burden, trouble, zt anl. = ease, prosperity gifted = yetenekli, talented, zt anl. = inept

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78. - 80. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler) sink into poverty = yoksullua dmek take to = alkanlk edinmek, holanmaya balamak; (bir yere) gitmek be given to = (bir ey yapmak) alkanlnda olmak, huy edinmek daydreaming = hayal kurma, hayallere dalma meagre = yetersiz, eksik, az, inadequate, poor, zt anl. = abundant, sufficient pauper-school = yoksullar okulu apprentice = rak, stajyer; (fiil=) (birinin yanna) rak olarak vermek foretell = tahmin etmek, nceden sylemek, predict, guess, anticipate illuminate = 1) aydnlatmak, klandrmak, light, brighten; 2) eitmek, aydnlatmak, educate, enlighten cut a pitiable figure = acnacak bir tip izmek (bimek) guardianship = vasilik, himaye influential = sz geen, nfuzlu, powerful councillor of state = eyalet meclisi yesi matriculate = (niversiteye) renci olarak kaydedilmek fairy tale = peri masal in instalments = blmler halinde; taksitle countryman = vatanda, hemeri long = hasretini ekmek, ok arzulamak, desire prophesy = kehanette/tahminde bulunmak

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Soru 75. intrinsic = kendine zg, kendi tabiatnda olan, peculiar, innate, zt anl. = acquired to the fore = ne km