Commanders

C IV I L WA R
B R I E F B I O G R AP H I E S O F

O F

T H E

S E L E C T E D G E N E R A L S A N D S TAT E S M E N
I N T H E C O N F L I C T O F

T H E WA R B E T W E E N T H E S T A T E S

GEORGE SCOTT

 2011 By SCoTT & Nix, iNC., NEW yoRk ALL RiGHTS RESERvED. N o pA R T o f T H i S p u B L i C A T i o N M A y B E R E p R o D u C E D , S T o R E D i N A R E T R i E vA L S y S T E M , o R T R A N S M i T T E D , iN ANy foRM oR By ANy MEANS, ELECTRoNiC, MECHANiCAL, pHoToCopyiNG, RECoRDiNG, oR oTHERWiSE, WiTHouT pRioR WRiTTEN pERMiSSioN fRoM THE puBLiSHER. fRoNTiSpiECE: BRADy-HANDy CoLLEC TioN (LiBRARy of CoNGRESS) p R E pA R E D B y S C o T T & N i x , i N C . 1 5 0 W E S T 2 8 T H S T R E E T, S u i T E 1 1 0 3 NEW yoRk, Ny 10001 W W W. S C o T T A N D N i x . C o M ALL pHoToGRApHy REpRoDuCED CouRTESy of THE LiBRARy of CoNGRESS pRiNTS AND pHoToGRApHS DiviSioN WA S H i N G T o N , D . C . 2 0 5 4 0 u S A . iSBN (EpuB): 978-1-935622-35-2 iSBN (pDf): 978-1-935622-36-9 iSBN (kiNDLE): 978-1-935622-37-6

Contents

Introduction General pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard General Braxton Bragg Admiral franklin Buchanan Major General Benjamin franklin Cheatham Major General George Armstrong Curly Custer president Jefferson Davis Lieutenant General Jubal Anderson Early Admiral David Glasgow farragut Lieutenant General Nathan Bedford forrest Major General John Charles frmont Major General James Abram Garfield Major General John Gibbon General-in-Chief ulysses Simpson Grant Chief-of-Staff Henry Wager Halleck vice president Hannibal Hamlin Major General Winfield Scott Hancock Lieutenant General William Joseph old Reliable Hardee Lieutenant General Ambrose powell Hill Lieutenant General John Bell Hood Major General Joseph fightin Joe Hooker Lieutenant General Thomas Jonathan Stonewall Jackson

vii 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41

Major General Richard W. Johnson General Joseph Eggleston Johnston General-in-Chief Robert Edward Lee president Abraham Lincoln Major General John Alexander Black Jack Logan Lieutenant General James old pete Longstreet Major General George Brinton Little Mac McClellan Major General irvin McDowell Major General George Gordon Meade Brigadier General John Hunt Morgan Lieutenant General John Clifford pemberton Major General George Edward pickett Major General philip Henry Little phil Sheridan Major General William Tecumseh Cump Sherman General Edmund kirby Smith vice president Alexander Stephens Major General Carter Littlepage Stevenson Major General James Ewell Brown Jeb Stuart Major General George Henry Rock of Chickamauga Thomas Major General Emory upton Lieutenant General Joseph fightin Joe Wheeler Major General James Harrison Wilson Admiral John Lorimer Worden

43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 73 75 77 79 81 83 85 87

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introduCtion

Entering the service on either side at various ranks and from all walks of life, thousands of men commanded as officers over the course of the Civil War. Some rose meteorically to high rank, while others ended their service considerably lower than their initial commission. Hundreds of officers fell during this bloody period in our nations past, sacrificing their lives in the service of their cause and country. The select group of commanders included in this small book all served at the highest ranks and have been included for their particular contributions. interested readers are urged to seek out the excellent books that summarize the lives of famous figures of the Civil War in a much more comprehensive and scholarly way, including Ezra J. Warners classic books in two volumes, Generals in Blue and Generals in Gray (Louisiana State university press) and the superb Civil War High Commands by John Eicher and David Eicher (Stanford university press).

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C o n f e d e r at e

General Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard

Born: May 28, 1818; St Bernard Parish, Louisiana Died: February 20, 1893; New Orleans, Louisiana

Beauregard graduated from West point in 1838 and served in the Mexican-American War as an engineer officer under Winfield Scott. He taught at the Military Academy, and became its superintendent in January 1861, although resigned the post after only five days when Louisiana seceded from the union. He entered the Confederate Army as brigadier general and commanded forces that fired upon fort Sumter to begin the war. He led at first Manassas (first Bull Run) in 1861 and was promoted to full general, one of only eight of the Confederate Army. He served as second to A. S. Johnston at Shiloh, and replaced him when Johnston was killed in action on April 6, 1862. He commanded a defense of South Carolina and Georgia, and after assisting Lee in the defense of Richmond, went on to join J. E. Johnstons command in the closing period of the war. Johnston and Beauregard surrendered to Sherman in North Carolina in 1865.

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