J.

1HHa BaTIOK
COBPEMEHHAR XOPOBAR MYS@KA:
H HCnOnHeHHe
AHTOH BEBEPH
HrOPb CTPABHHCKHH
J1YH;:PXH HOHO
;::lbEPJ:lb J1HrETH
BHTOJ1b;::l J1IDTOCJ1ABCKHH
KllIHllIT04>
llITOKXAYSEH
!3;::lHCOH ;::lEHHCOB
AJ1b4>PEJ:l llIHHTKE
C04>HH rYBAHJ:lYJ1HHA
PO;::lHOH 11(E;::lPHH
AJ1EM,lfAP KAPAMAHOB
/";':::::::::::'.:nrltl
f
MOCKOBCKlUI rocyaapcraeaaas KOHCepBaTOpHJI
HMeHH Il. ll. 1Jaih<oBcKorO
.!\HpIDKepcKO-XOpOBOH q,axyJILTeT

Huua liaTIOK
COBPEMEHHAR XOPOBAR MY3LIKA:
TeOpHB: H HCnOJlHeHHe
AHTOH BEEEPH
HrOPh CTPABHHCKHH
JlYHJJ)KH HOHO
jJhEPjJh JlHrETH
BHTOJlhjJ JlIOTOCJlABCKHH
KlliHlliTOt/lIIEHjJEPEIJKHH
KAPJlXAHHIJ lliTOKXAY3EH
3jJHCOH jJEHHCOB
AJlht/lPEjJ lliHHTKE
COt/lHH rYEAHjJYJlHHA
POjJHOH IlJEjJPHH
AJlEMjJAP KAPAMAHOB
MOCKBa. 1999
p.
Y,ro<: 78.087.68 + 781.5 + 784.1

PeI\eH3eHTLI:
npoipeccop E. r. Te6JIUH, npo<peccop E. fl. KYJlUK08,
,ltOKTOP HCKYCCTBOBe,lteHIDl, npopeccop 10. H XOJlOn08
6aTIOK 1:1. B.
COBpeMeHHM xoposaa MY3LIKa: TeopIDl li liCIIOJIHeHHe. Oxepxa, - M.:
MocKoBcKM roc. KOHcepBaTOpHJI, 1999. - 192 c., HOT.
B .l\aHH)'IO KHHIJ' BXO.l\lIT oxepxa cOBpeMemIOH XOpOBOH mrreparypsr, noaoraiomae
BOCC03.l\aTh 60JIee nOJIHYID Kapnmy HOBoH xoposoa M)'3blKH XXsexa, B KHHre paccaarpa
BaIOTCJI HaH60JIee H J1pKHe J1BJIellHJl COBpeMeHHOH XOpOBOH 3apy6elKHoH H
pyccxo M)'3blKH, a raiose 3aTparHBaeTCJI HCnOJIHHTeJIbCKaJI np06JIeMaTHKa.
Kaara aenocpencrseaao anpecoeaaa cTY.l\eHTaM H rrpenonasarenau XOPOBbIX H
Te0PeTHKO-KOMl103HTOPCKHX <PaKYJIbTeTOB (OT.l\eJIeHHii) M)'3bIKaJIbHbIX ByJOB B sasecrae
no COBpeMeHHOH XOpOBOH mrreparype, a TaKJl(e ecex M)'3blKaHTaM
H npOCBemeHHbIM JII06HTeJIJIM HOBOH M)'3blKH XXsexa.
ISBN 5-89598-054-6
Ea110K fuma Banepsesaa, 1999
MOCKOBCKaJIrocYJ\apCTBeHHaJI KOHcepBaTOpIDI
HM. n. Ii. 1JailKoBcKoro, 1999
CO,lJ;EP)KAHIIE
flpeOUCJl06Ue 4
"lIACTL. IIEPBAH. 3apy6elKllIUI xopoBaH JIHTepaTYPa 7
rJIABA 1. ,l(O,ll;eKa<)JoHIDl. CepHii:HOCTh. Cepaansrrocrs 7
Ouepx nepeuu. Tpa KaHTlIThI Aaroaa . 7
Ouepx emopoii. Canticum sacrum HroPJI CTP3BHHCKOrO . 19
KaHTlIThI AnTOHa II Canticum sacrum HroPJI
CTP3BHHCKOrO B I1CnOJIHHTeJILCKOH npaxraxe 28

Ouepx mpemuii. II canto sospeso JIyH,lI;)KH HOHo 30
Satououenue 50
rJIABA 2. COHopHKa. Anearopaxa .....................................................................51
Ouepx uemeepmuii. PeKBIleM II Lux aeterna ,l(bep,ll;JI Jlarera 51
Ouepx 7lJlmbIU. Tpa cTHXOTBopeHIDI AHpIl Mmno BHToJIL,lI;a
JhoTOCJI3BCKOrO 64
Ouepx tuecmoii. Dies iraeKunwno<)Ja Ileanepenxoro 77
rJIABA 3. <1>opMyJILHaJI Kapnxaana lIITOKXay.3eHa 93
Ouep ceobMou. <<HeBH,!I;HMhIe XOPbI Hemeepea 113 CBETA Kapnxanna
lIIToKXay.3eHa 93
"lIACTL BTOPAH. PyCCKIUI XOpOBIUI JIHTepu'Ypa 111
Ouepx 60CbMOU. Xoposoe TBopqeCTBO 3,l1;HCOHa ,l(eHHcoBa 111
Ouepx Oe6Jlmblu. AJIL<)Jpe,ll; II.1HHTKe. Koanepr ,lI;JIJI CMemaHHoro xopa Ha
CJIOBa Fparopa Hapexana :.............................. 136
Ouepx OeCJlmbIU. Teneps scerna caerar CO<)JHH ry6ail:,l1;yJIHHOM 145
Ouepx PO,ll;HOH XOpOBaJI My.3LIKano
H. C. Jlecxoay 3anelJllTJIeHHbm aaren 153
Ouepx Stabat materAnexztapaKapassaaoaa 159
Saxntouenue. MOcKoBcKHe I1cnOJIHHTeJIH HOBoM XOpOBOM My.31illOi XX sexa 169
CllHCOK coxpameaa 184
CJIOBapb repMHHOB :................... 185
Contents : 190
Author's note 191

)J;oJlI'He ronsr sarrpera HOBol!: M)'31>IKH B POCCIDl 311,ll;eP)Kl\JIH ee H3yqeIDle Ha He
CKOJIhKO .n;eCllTKOB mIT. II II03TOMY cenac, Ha nopore XXI CTOJleTHJI, HCnOJIHeHHe
COBpeMeHHol!: M)'3blKH (B qaCTHOCTH, XOpOBbIX IIO-npe)I(HeMY BbI3hIBlIeT
MHO)KeCTBO BOnpOCOB, CBlI3l1HHbIX COCBoeHHeM cospexeaaoro M)'3bIKaJIbHOrO jj3IillCll.
Pl\CIlIHpeHHe CIIeKTpll cpencrs BbIpll3HTeJIhHOCTH li npHeMOB HCIIOJIHe= B xope CO
npzseao C pasaaraev li YCJlO)I(HeHHeM KOMII03HTOpCKHX TeXHHK. HOBM M)'3IillCll
XX sexa, npencrasnsiomaa ,!I;JIjj XOpOBOro liCnOJIHHTeJIhCTBa oco6yro CJlO)I(HOCTh,
npaKTH'ieCKH He BXO.n;HT B penepryap MHornx XOpOB KaK B POCCIDl, TaK H sa py6e
)KOM. II 3HaKOMCTBO HCnOJIHHTeJlel!: (XOpOBbIX .n;HpH)I(epOB, rreanos) li KOMII03HTOpOB
C aarrpanneaassra pasaaraa cospeaeaaoro xoposoro IIHCbMa MO)KeT, so-nepssrx,
3anOJIHHTb B li3yqeHHH xopoaoa mrreparypsr, II BO-BTOpbIX,
nars 60Jlee qllCTOMY HCnOJIHeHHIO cOBpeMeHHbIX XOpOBbIX CO'lHHeHHl!:.
B n:eJIH .n;aHHol!: KHHrH He BXO.n;HT OXBaT XOpOBO:l!: M)'31>IKH BTO
pOH IIOJlOBHHbI XX CTOJleTHJI; B HHX paCCMaTPHBlIlOTCjj JIHIIIb HaH60Jlee 3Ha'lHTeJIh
aste li spxaeasneaaa 3apy6e)I(Hol!: H PYCCKOl!: M)'3blKH Ha npassepe XOpOBbIX CO'lH
aeaa, II TaK)I(e 3aTParHBlIlOTCll BOnpOCbI, xacaromaecs HX HCnOJIHe=. BCJle.n;CTBHe
pll3HOpO.n;HOCTH arranaaapyeeasrx cosaaeaaa H CBll3aHHbIX C HHMH np06J1eM, B pas
HOH CTeneHH OCBem;eHHbIX B M)'3bIKOBe.n;qeCKo:l!: mrreparype, B HX paccMOTPeHIDl Ha
MepeHHO He nenaerca YHH$m<an:Hll. B KlI)!(,lI;OM as npeacraanemnrx co-raaeaa asr
nenarorca HaH60Jlee BlI)I(HbIe np06J1eMbI, TaKHM 06p1l30M B PaKYPce HX aHaJIH3a e.n;H
IIlJ:il: npHHD;Hn He C06JIIO.n;aeTCjj.
IUIHra COCTOHT ID nsyx xacre: nepnas - nocsameaa XOpOBOMY raopsecray 311
py6e)I(HbIX KOMn03HTopOB, BTOpM - pyccxax, B TPex rnaaax nepso qaCTH
3apy6e)I(HM XOpOBM nareparypa- - conepxarcs oxepxa o XOpOBbIX CO'lHHeHHjjX,
HlIIIHCaHHbIX B cnezryionrax TeXHHKax: '
1, )J;o.n;eKlI$o=. Cepanocrs. Cepaansaocrs;
2. COHOpm<lI. Anearopaxa;
3. <!>OPMYJIhHM KOMII03HIJ;Hjj.
XOTjj npennaraeuaa KHHra nocssnreaa M)'3bIKe nropo nOJlOBHHbI XX sexa, B
nepsoa qaCTH cnenao O.n;HO He cnysaaoe acxmoaeaae: 1 rnasa aasaaaercs C ana
JIH3aXOPOBbIX npOli3Be.n;eHHl!: A. (1883-1945). 3TO CBjj3aHO, npeaote scero,
C TeM, 'ITO TBopqecTBo BeJIHKOrO npencrasarena HOBoBeHcKol!: IIIKOJThI OKlI3aJIO
5 O'IEPKH IlO COBPEMEIIHoll xorosoanHTEPATYPE
CHnbHeHmee BJIHlIHHe Ha lI,ZJ;eH My.3bIKanbHOH BTOPOH IIOnOBHHbI XX
seza, HIIOTOM}' paCCMOTpeHHe Be6epHOBCKHX CO'lliHeHHH BIDKHO ,ZJ;llll IIOHHMaHIDl
MHO:rnx HOBeHIIIHX KOMTI03H1IHOHHblX IIp06neM. B IIocne.!IY1OIIJ;He OlJepKH 3TOH ma
BbI BXO,ZJ;HT aaanas XOPOBbIX IIpoH3Be,ZJ;eHHii JI. HOHO H H. CTpaBHHCKOrO ,ZJ;o,ZJ;eKa
<poHHoro IIepHo,ZJ;a
1.
Bo 2 rnasy BKJIIOlJeHbl OlJepKH o XOpOBblX CO'!HHeHHJIX
,L(. Jlarera, B. Jlrorocnascxoro H K. IIeH,ZJ;epeIJ;Koro. B 3 rnase aHaHH3HpYeTClI O,ZJ;HO
IIpOH3Be,ZJ;eHHe K. IIITOKXaY3eHa, npencraanaromee C060H conepmeaao
THII KOMII03H1IHH.
BTOpalI lJaCTh KHHrn - PyCCKalI XOpOBalI rrareparypa - COCTOHT H3 lIlITH osep
KOB, B KOTOpblX paccMaTpHBaIDTClI xopossre CO'lliHeHHB HeKOTopbIX COBpeMeHHbIX
pOCCHHCKHX KOMTI03HTOpOB - 3. ',L(eHHcoBa, A. Illnarxe, C. I'y6aii,ZJ;yllHBOH, P. :me,ZJ;
paaa H A. Kapaxaaosa . HeCMOTplI Ha OlJeBH,ZJ;HyIO ,ZJ;H<p<pepeHIlHpOBaHHOCTh H He
CXO:lKeCTh TBOplJeCKHX MeTO,ZJ;OB 3THX aBTOpOB, rrpe,ZJ;CTaBJIlIK)ID;HX paanasaae TeH
MOCKOBCKOH KOMTI03HTOpCKOH lIIKOllbI, B HX XOpOBOM TBoplJeCTBe MO:lKHO
BbI,ZJ;ellHTb o6IIJ;He lJepTbl. Bee OHH H3yqanH Hosyro My.3bIKY XX aexa (OT B
TOM '!Hene XOPOByro, HO IIO-Pa3HOM}' HCIIOllb30BanH ,lloCTH:lKeHHlI TeXHHK KOMII03H
IIHH XX CTOneTHlI (pasnasasre HCIIOllHHTellbCKHe npaesrsr, B TOM '!Hcne Sprechge
sang, cepHiiHbrii: npamran MaTepIlana, npaaeaeaae 3neMeHTOB COHO
pHKH II anearopaxa, II T. ,ZJ;.). )I(aHpbl XOpOBOH My.3bIKH 3. ,L(eHHcoBa, A. Illaarxe,
C. I'y6aii,ZJ;ynHHOH, P. Illenpaaa H A. Kapaxaaosa HMeIOT ,ZJ;Ba OCHOBHblX aanpanne
HHlI: K IIepBOM}' OTHOClITClI rrpOIl3Be,ZJ;eHHlI, paCC'IHTaHHhIe Ha KaMepHOe IICIIOllH!l
TellbCTBO, aarrpaaep, soxansasre aHCaM6llH, xoropste, O,ZJ;HaKO, B03MOlKHO HCIIOllHlITh
XOpOBbIM KOnneKTHBOM (y Ileaacosa II I'y6aii,ZJ;ynHHOH), KO BTOP0M}' - CO'!HHeHHlI, B
KOTOpbIX omymaerca BJIHlIHHe Tpa;:J;HIIHH 60llbIIIHX pyCCKHX XOpOB (y Kapaxaaosa, a
raiose y Illmrrse H Illenpaaa, IIOnyqHBIIIHX, IIOMHMO KOMII03HTOpCKOro, xoposoe
My.3b1KanbHOe 06pa30BaHHe). B 3aKJIIOlJeHHH BTOPOH xacra KHHrH MbI rrpHBO,ZJ;HM Ma
repaansr o aexoropsrx MOCKOBCKHX XOPOBbIX KOnneKTHBax, B penepryape KOTOpblX
npo-moe MeCTO sartana coapexeaasre xopossre CO'IHHeHHB.
B KOHIle Ka:lK,Zl;Oro osepsa rrpHBO,ZJ;lITClI cnucxu XOp06blX cosuneuuii KOMII03I1TO
pOB, a TaK:lKe pexouenoyeuan numepamypa. HOTHble npaaepsr' nosrenrensr
Ka:lK,!\OrO osepxa. B KOHIle KHHrn ,ZJ;aeTClI CllHCOK IICIIOllb30BaHHbIX B HeH coxpame
HHH, a raxxe - cnosaps TepMHHOB.
3a paMKaMH OlJepKOB ,ZJ;aHHOH KHHrH OCTanHCb MHome aarepecnsre xoponsre CO
'IHHeHHlI, aanpavep, A. O. Meccaaaa, JI. ,L(llJIJIaIIHKKOllbl, 5[. KCeHaKHca,
II. Bynesa, E. A. H. KapeTHHKoBa, A. Bonxoncxoro, A. Ilspra,
B. MapThIHOBa H ,!(pY:rHX aBTOpOB, 6e3ycnoBHo, pacmaparomae II
06I11)'lO KapTHHY HOBOH My.3bIKH XX CTOneTHlI. II MbI Ha,ZJ;eeMClI, 'ITO np01l3Be,ZJ;eHHlI
,ZJ;llll xopa, He aomezmrae B ,ZJ;aHHYJO ceasac, B KOHIle 90-x rO,ZJ;oB XX sexa, 6y
,ZJ;YT paccsrorpema B cne.!IY1OID;HX osepxax lIO cOBpeMeHHoH XOpOBOH mrreparype Y:lKe
B HOBOM, XXI CTOneTHH.
l TaK KaK paccxarpaaaesroe B KHHI"e COqKHeHHe M. CTpaBKHCKOrO OTHOC1jTClI K 3apyoeJKHOMY ne
paony rsopxecrsa KOMn03HTOpa, osepx o HeM BKJIIOqeH Brrepsyro qaCTL KHHrH.
.
"",oro BaJKHOH H noaesaoa KHcjlOpMarum o XOpOBOM TBOpqeCTBe HeKOTopLIX IIPYTHX COBpeMeH-
HLIX pyCCKHX KOMn03RTOpOB, aaamo xoroporo He BXO.IUIT B naaasre osepxa (nanpaaep, XOpOB3lI MY
3LIKa r. CBHpH.!\OBa), co.nepJKHTClI B pll,lle cepLe3HLIX MY3LIKOBe,ll"IecKHX Tpy.nOB. CM., cnezyronrae pa
OOThl: Fpuzopseea F'.B, PyCCK3lI XOpOB3lI MY3LIKa 1970 - 80-x ronos, - M., 1991; Ilaucoe H), H. Co
BpeMeHH3lI pyCCK3lI XOpOB3lI MY3'1l;Ka (1945-80): Osepxa IICTOPHH H reopaa: Hccnenosaaae, - Mc,
1991, a TaKJKe MHOrOqHCneHHLle nyoHHKamm B raserax H JKYPHan3X.
3HeKOTOpLIe aornsre npHMepLI sropo qaCTH KBHrH npHBO=ClI ID aBTOpCKHX PYKOIlHCHLIX nap
THW meHHCOB, IIIlIHTKe, KapaMaHOB).
DPFJ<HCJ/OBHE
6
Kmrra COBpeMeHHl\JI XOPOBl\JI My.3lillCa: TeopIDI H HCrrOJIHeHHe HaIIHClIHa Ha OC
HOBe KaH)l;H,l(aTCKOH ,lUIccePTaIIHH, BlillIOJIHeHHOH aaTOpOM Ha ,lUIpIDKepCKO-XOpOBOM
cjJaKYlIbTeTe MOCKOBCKOH rocYAllPCTBeHHOH KOHcepBaTopHH HMeHH ll. H. qaii:KOB
cxoro non PYKOBO,!{CTBOM KlIH)UI,!{aTa HCKYCCTBOBe,!{ellIDI, ,!{Ol:{eHTa B. C. I.!;eHoBoH.
ABTOp HCKpeHHe npasaarenea B. C. I.!;eHoBoH aa 60lIbmyIO rrOMOIl:{b B C03,!{lIHHH H
rrOWOTOBKe KHHrH K nesara.
ABTOP Bb1pIDKaeT TllKJI(e rny60K}'lO 6naro,!{apHOCTb sa npenocraaneaae MHomx
MaTepHanOB H co,!{eHCTBHe B p a o r e aaa KHHrOH PYKOBO,lUlTemo Kaxepaoro xopa
MOCKOBCKOH KOHcepBaTopHH, 3aaeJJ.YlOmeMY ,lUIpIDKepcKO-XOpOBOH KacjJe.l{pOH MrK,
rrpocjJeccopy E. r. TeBnHHy, npodieccopy E. H. KynHKOBy, ,!{OKTOpy HCKYcCTBoBe,!{e
HIDI, rrpocjJeccopy 10. H. Xononoay, npopexropy rro HayqHO-TBOp'lecKOH p a o r e
MrK, ,!{OKTOpy HCKYCCTBOBe,!{eHIDI, rrpocjJeccopy A. C. Coxonosy, XY,!{OJKeCTBt:l!H0MY
PYKOBO,lUlTemo AKa,!{eMHH XOpOBOro HCKYCCTBa, rrpocjJeccopy B. C. Ilonosy, npopex
ropy rro HayqHOH p a o r e H KOHIIepTBOH ,!{eJlTelIbHOCTH AKa,!{eMHH xoposoro HCKYC
CTBa, KlIH)UI,!{aTY HCKYcCTBOBe,!{eHIDI A. T. TeBOClIHY, XY,!{OJKecTBeHHOMY PYKOBO,lUl
remo I'ocynapcraemro CHMcjJOHH'lecKOH aKa,!{eMH'lecKoH xanennsr POCCHH, Hapozt
HOMY apTHcTY POCCHH B. K. llOJIllHCKOMY, PYKoBO,!{HTemo Hosoro MOCKOBcKOro XO
pa E. JI. PaCTBOpOBOH, ,lUIpeKTopy HHCTHTYTa K. IIITOKXaY3eHa (POCCIDI)>>
M. T. llpOCIDIKOBY H C. C. KPIillIaTOBOH.
qACTb llEPBA.H
3APYliEXGIAH XOPOBMI JllITEPATYPA
r JIABA 1. ,lJ;O,IJ;EKA<l>OHIDl. CEPmmoCTh. CEPHA.JJ:I>HOCTb
,
Ouep nepeuii.
Tpu KaBTaTLI Arrroaa Befiepaa
3a:J1CU2alOUll1R MOJ/HUJI :JiCU3HU u3 o6J1Cl1<a CJlO
60. 3a He" ZpOM, nOKO OH He
pacm60pUmCJl 6 Mupe...
X.AOHe
Conpaxacascs C M)'3b!Kon ARToHa (1883-1945), Mb! rrorpyxaeercs B
OC06bm 3ByKOBOn MUP - MHp KpHCTllJThHblH, HCKpHIll,ll:HCJI BCeMH rpaHJIMH cpeztcrs
BbIpa3HTeJIbHOcrn: rapMOHHH, TeM6pOB, .u;HHaMHKII:, apTIlK}'JIJIJ::(Im, a TaIOKe HeIIOBTO
pHMO-yrOH'leHHOn MenO,ll;HICH. Ilpa 6nHlKaHmeM paCCMOTpeHHH Be6epHOBCKHX cosa
!:
HeHHH He nepecraenrs BOCXJIII{aTbCJI OTTO'llieM ncex nerane, - Ka)K,ll;!Ul HOTa napra
T)'PbI lKHBeT CBoeH HaCbIII\eHHoil., CKOHIJ;e8TpHpOBaHHOH lKH3HbIO. Ilo 06Pa3HOM)'
BbIpalKeHHIO JI)'H.,ll;lKH HOHo,' 0,ll;HH 3ByK - sro caepnyraa MenO,ll;IDl}} Illy
6epTa.
npespacao snan CIIenHlPHKY xopa (OH xopMeUCTepOM
IIeB'leCKOrO 06'be,ll;HHeHHJI BeHbI C 1923 nO 1934ron), reM CaMbIM KaK 6bI npononsaa
Tpa.n;HIIHH BenHKHX KOMII03HTOpOB npomnoro, KOTOpbIe 6bInH O,ll;HOBpeMeHHO Ka
neflbMeHCrepaMH H IIeBnaMH, - :H. Oxeresra, )!COCKeHa ,D;enpe, O. JIacco, If. C. Baxa,
:H. rail:,ll;Ha, If. Bpasrca H MHOrHX zrpyrax, B CBOHX XOpOBbIX CO'lHHeHHJIX, B sacrao
crn, B Tpex xaararax Op. 26, 29 H 31, C oilHoil. CTOpOHbI, 6e3Y
npesnoe ronocosenemre, aaymee OT HH,ll;epnaH,D;CKHX MaCTepOB, a C zrpyro- npas
HOCHT B TpanHIIHOHHbIe .pOPMb! CBOIO lKHBYIO, OCJl3aeMYIO HHTOHanHID, H.n;YIIJYlO OT
CeMaHrnKH II03TH'leCKOrO enona H HH,ll;HBH,ll;yllJThHOro IIpenOMneHHJI H,ll;eil. HOBOBeH
CKon IIIKOflbI. BalKHO OTMeTHTb, 'ITO Bee KaHTaTbI HaIIHCaHbI Ha CTHXH ManOH3BeCT
HOH IIIHpOKOH aY,ll;HTOpHH aBCTpHHCKOH n03TeCCbI Xansnerapn :HoHe (1891-1963),
'lbJl n033HJ1 H306HnyeT lIpKHMH qyBCTBeHHbIMH 06pa3aMH.
CO'leTaHHe HCTOpH'leCKHX M)'3bIKllJThHbIX .pOpM H oc060H KpHCTannH30BaHHOn
HHTOHaIIHH B pesynsrare nano HOBbm MHP - M)'3b!KY KOTOp!Ul no ce .n;eHb
oxassmaer BnHJiHHe Ha pa3BHTHe M)'3b!KllJThHOro HCKYcCTBa. B 'lacrnOcrn, B xopoao
M)'3bIKe BTOPOii: nonOBHHbI XX CTOneTHJI Be6epHOBCKoe B03.n;eii:CTBHe OTpa3HnOCb B
cne,ll;YlOIlIeM: no-rrepaux, B H36paHHH n033RU ManOH3BeCTHbIX aBTOpOB, BO-BTOpbIX,
B npHMeHeHHH MeJIO.n;RKR C onopo Ha reMHTOHHYIO 3ByKOBMCO'I'HyIO CHCTeM)', H B
TpeTbHX, B HCIIOflb30BaHHH nOnH.pOHH3HpOBaHHO-rapMOHH'leCKoii: xopoaoa tf!aKrY
pbI, B xoropon BepTHKllJTh MO)KeT npe06pa30BaTbCJI B ropH30HTllJTh H Hao60pOT.
TPH KaHTaThI A. Op. 26, 29 II 31 Ha enesa X. MORe RaIIHcaHbI B nocnen
Ree necsranerae lKH3HH KoMh03HTopa H MOryr CJIYlKHTb xapaKTepHbIM 06Pa3nOM ero
spenoro raopsecsoro CTHnJI. Ilo CnOBaM 3. B. ,D;eHHcoBa, nepena Ha ,1J;BeHa,ZJ;IIarn
8
O'lEPK nEPBblH
TOHOBYID TeXHRKY, He ocymecrsan xasecrseaaoro cxasxa B KOMlI03RTOP
CKOR 3BOJllOI(RH... OH He yrepan aaxero R3 saaoeaaanoro HM panee, a aams O'l:RCTHJI
B 60JThmeR CTeUeHH CTHJII, OT ncero C.JIY'laRHOrO H aenoraxnorol.
IIeHHe, <OKHBaJI HHTOHllI{IDl Monma XBlIlIeTCJI OCHOBOR BOKa.JThH!>IX H XOPOBbIX
CO'l:HHeHH:il <OI 'l:HTan y ITnaTOHa, 'ITO cnOBO "HOMOC" (3axOH) 03HaQanO
TllIOKe - Tax BOT, ... nycrs 6YP:eT 3aKOHoM (HOMOCOM) nna scero,
'ITO em;e nocnenyerl -llRcan KOMlI03HTOp2.
MenOAHKa OHa cymecraeano OTJIHllaeTCJI OT TOHa.JThHbIX MeJIO
P:RR MaJK0PHO-MHHOPHOR rapacaasecxo CHCTeMbI. Tax, aanpasrep, rronyron (y
MeHbmeHHaJI OKT!lBa) HJUI 60JThIDaJI cerrnesa XBlISIKlTCJI B HeR CaMbIMH 6naro3Byq
HbIMH HHTepBanaMH O CTpoeHHH MenO):\HKII Be6epHOBCKHX KaHTaT CM.
ztanee).
)leRCTBHTeJThHO, .l\lliI 3CTeTHKH 3BYXOBbICOTHOR CHCTeMbI 3KCrrpeCCRBHaJI
TPaKTOBKa AHCCOHaHCa Kale MOMeHTa HanpJDKeHHJI CMeHJIeTCJI HOBLIM
BMecTO ,l(ByxCT)'IIeHHOB rpaaanaa (KOHCOHaHC-,lJ;HCCOHaHC) rrOJIBlIlIeTCJI rpananaa
COHaHCOB, TO ecrs C03ByqHB, COBepmeHHO JlllIDeHH!>IX "KOH" H ",lJ;HC" B CMbIcne 3CTe
TH'leCKoJi HX UpOTRBOllOnO)l(HOCTH, TaKRM 06pa30M, ,l\HCCOHaHCbI CTaHOBJITCJI 3C
TeT!f'IeC.KR OUTHMa.JThHbIMID}3.
Hccnenosareira raopsecraa OTMe'laK>T Jl1060llbITHbIH UCHXOnOI'H'IecKHJi
cPeHOMeH; KOMl103HTOP, npOCT8BlIJlJI XpOHOMeTPaJK CBOHX CO'lHHeHH:il, olIIH6ancJI
nosra B):(BOe B 60lIbmym CTOPOHy4. Hanpnsrep, BpeMJI HCrrOllHeHHJI IIepBoR KaHTaTbI,
0603Ha'leHHOe Be6epHOM B naprarype, - 20 MHHyT, onnaxo Ha CaMOM nene KaHTaTa
3BY'l:HT He 60nee 10 MHHyT (B acnonaeiraa non ynpaaneaaesr - 6', a
non ynpaaneaaesa Ilsepa Bynesa - 8'). Ilprrsaaa sroro - Heo6bI'l:aRHaJI CMbICllOBaJI
HaCIJm;eHHOCTb KaJK,l\orO saysarnero MOMeil1'a ere M)'3bIKR, n03TOM)' Be6epHOBCKRe
CO'lllHeHHJI npa npocnynrasaaaa HJIH npa asysenaa naprarypsr KaJKYTCJI scerna
WIJIID.HMHCJI 60JThrrmH npOMe)J()'TOK BpeMeHH, 'leM B p:eRCTBHTelIbHOCTH.
Kaumama Das Augenlicht (<<CBeT rnas) .l\lliI CMemaHHOrO xopa H opxecrpa
op. 26, HaIIRCaHHaJI B 1935ro.l\Y, HMena HacToJIID;HH ycnex npa nepBOM HCrrOJlHeHHH
B IDOHe 1938 rona nozi yrip8BJleHHeM r. Illepxesa (xop R OpKecTP BH-BH-CH) Ha
cPeCTRBane Meaoiyaapozraoro HOBoH M)'3bIKR B JIOH.n:OHe. :cho ozma ID
JIPKHX JIHpR'leCKRX BepIDHH rsopsecrsa M)'3bIKa.JThHOR KOM
n03HUHH, B nyxe xoponoro nOJlHcP0HR'leCKOrO MOTeTa crpororo CTH
JlJI, OTPaJKaeT JIHpR'IecK)'IO YT0lf'leHHOCTb, HelKHOCTb CTHXOB MOHe. IIoP:cTPo'IlThIH
5
nepeson n03TH'leCKOrO TeKCTa : .. .
CKe03bpacspumue Hamu 2Jlt13a cmpyumcst ceem n cepOl/e,
H KaK xopomxan paoocms niemcn Ht13aO us nezo.
B3i!1lJlO motieu ucmouaem 6onbme, 'IeM npouuxaem n ueeo.
T.{mo oeoa enasa usnyuatom ceem?
Hesmo nopasumensnoe nPU38aHbl OHU neum HaM:
Hmo 2Jly6UHbl senoeexecxoii O)lUlU ynoootiunucs uetiy,
I !JeHlIc06 3. B. Bapaattaa op. 27 .l\lIII q.op-rellHaHo A. Befiepaa /;',aeHlIcoe 3. COBpeMeHHalI MY3LI
Ka H np06neMLI 3Bomol(IDl KOMn03HTOpCKOM TeXHHKH. - M., 1986. - C. 168.
2 Betiepu A. JleKl(IDl o MY3bIKe. I1HcLMa. - M., 1975. - C. 118.
: Xosonoea B. H., Xononoe Kl. H. AHToHBe6epH. - M., 1984. - C. 257.
Ileuucoe 3. B. Ilar, COq. -Co 169.
5 Ilepeson C B. r. Taupama-Kypexa. QHf. no: Koxopeea n. M KamaThI A. H
1pllllHl(IDl xopoao KYJIbTYPLI XV - nepson nonOBHHLI XVIll sexa II Mocxoncxa My:!bIKOBell.
BLIII. l. - M., 1990.
9 TPH KAlITAThI AHrOHA BEI>EPHA
Cmons MHOZ03y'lHOMy, umo HOIlb npoceemnena.
T60ux ZJly6UH COKp06UU/G, OHeM,
3a6upaem cuepms He3aMemHO C
OOHaKO u3 ee 6e300HHO upauuux ZJly6UH
C np06y.JICOeHUeM OHR, noonuuaioiueeo C60U 6eKU,
Bcnnueatom 6 H060M 63ZJ1JlOe unozue 'lyoeca,
If 3mUM OH cmaH06UmC51 etqe'npeKpaCHee.
Ilepeas xaumama Op. 29 lIepBOHa'laJThHO 3a;:J;yMlill!aJIacr, KaK BTOPa5l CHM<jJOHIDl
mm pozt cHM<jJomm C BOKWThHOH naprae. BOCXHIr\eHHbIii: CTHXaMH MOHe, B
KOHI(e KOHI(OB, C03,l1;aJI rpexsacrasr UHKJI ,!l;lIll: CMelIIaHHOrO xopa, COlIpaRO H opxe
crpa KaRTan:.I (1938-39 IT.). O nponecce ee CO'lHHeHIDl KOMlI03HTOP
lIoAP06HO nacan B nacszaax K X. MOHe H M. X)'MII.JIHK)' (M)'lKY nosreccsr, asaecmo
MY B Bene CK)'JThIITOPY).
Hasan OH pa60TY CO II xacra, C lIoJlI06HBIIIerOCJI eMY TeKCTa Ma
nensxoe KpEJJIbIIIIKo (conpaao COJIOH opxecrp). Ilepesozr resora II xacra:
Maneuexoe xpunuuixo KJleH060Z0. CeMeHU.
Tu napuua. u Kpy;)ICUUlbC51, nOOX6a'leHHOe eempou.
Tu eeo HeU3MeHHO 6 3eMJlIO.
Ilepena K I 'lacrn, HCrr0JIb30BaJI He aecs nepsoaasansao B3JIThIH TeKCT
crnXOTBOpeHIDl (rro CJIOBaM aBTOpa- <<M}'3biKaJThHa5l <jJopMa rrOTpe60BaJIa aaoro) H
BBeJI HHCTpyMeHTaJThHhIe paszrensr '(BCTYlIJIeHHe, HRTepMe,ll;HH Me)l{):ly BTOPOH H
Tpen:.eH, 3aTeM Tpen:.eH H 'leTBepTOH CTpOKaMH H 3aKJlIO'l.eHHe). 11I0pMa I xacra
3IDKHraIOrn:a5l MOJIHIDl lICH3HH - necenaas, sersrpe crpoxa rrexcra
crpodiy: 1 cTpoKa- TT. 14-17,2 cTpoIai- TT. 18-22,3 cTpoKa- TT. 26"29 HA CTpO-
Ka-TT. 32-35. .
. 3aKOH'lHB Illsacrs, KOMlI03HTOP IIHCaJI o HeH: <<Pa3yMeeTcJI, "Chariten"
["rpan;HH"] CTp0JITCJI Ha TOH )Ke 1I0CJIe,ll;OBaTeJThHOCrn naeaannara TOHOB... , 'lT0 H
06e ztpyrae sacra; 3TOro paaa B TOM, 'lT0 nropsre mecrs TOHOB lIO
HHTepBaJIaM IIpe,ll;CTaBJIJIIOT C060H otipaiuenust nepasrx mecra,
TaK 'lT0 B KOHe'IHOM caere BCe Br,mO,ll;HTCJI H3 rrOCJIe,ll;OBaTeJThHOCrn taecmu mOH06.
Bee 6peMJI mo :JICe cauoe... YI TeM He MeHee 3TO KG:JICOblUPG3 neuma C06ceM UHoe!I.
JIro60rrbITHO, 'lT0 <jJopMY ill 'lacrn KaHTaTbI CaM orrpeztenaer KaK xersr
pexroxocayro nsoayro <jJyry. Ho, lIO ero CJIOBaM, <<,lI;06Hn:.CJI B 3THX )KeCTKHX pasr
xax 1I0JIHOH CB060,ll;bI, TaK, 'lT06bI O KaKOM-JIH60 orparrasenaa He Momo 6r,rn, H pe
'IH, 6r,mo He JIeTKo. B arore nonysanocs eme H He'lTO COBeplIIeHHO anoe:
paanoe cxepno, nocrpoeanoe Ha BapHaD;HJIX. YI Bee)Ke 3TO <jJyra!2.
Kmo-ressie CTpOKH ill 'lacrn KaRTan:.I (TT. 49-72):
If 6JleOHble 06PG3bl mO:JICe nnaueuetom nepeo nesamsto cnetonpa.
Tpauuu, OClJlHW! uetiec: uunocepousl
OHU npUX0051m 6 meuuome cmaH06JlUfeMYCJl cepouy KaK poea coeeptueucmea.
3aKOH'IeHHa5l naprarypa IIepBoH KaRTaTbI ssrrnanena HaCTOJThKO aCKeTH'lHO H
HeMHOr03'ly'lH0, 'lT0 BHeIIIHHH BH,lI; ee 6r,m He06bI'leH nazce ,llJll!: casroro asropa.
B JIeKD;HJIX Ilyrs K HOBOH MY3bIKe (1933) 'laCTO YKa3bIBaJI Ha aeno
3.
cpeztcrseaayro CBJl3r, ,lI;O,ll;eKa<jJomm CO CTapHHHOH rrOJIH<jJoHHeH B 'laCTHOcrn, B
IIepBoH KaHTaTe 3TY CBJl3b nozrrsepacztaror He TOJThKO <jJOPMbI 'laCTeH, HO H HCrrOJ!b-
I A.l.(zrr. CO'!. - c.
2 TaM lKe. - C. 111. .
, O CBJI3H KaHTaT C IIOJIH<j>oHHeil crpororo CTIlJIJl CM. B IIHT. asune crarse
JI. M. KOKopeBoH.
O'lEPKDEPBbJB 10
30BaHHe pHTOpJilleCKIIX <PIDJ'P (06pa30B, xapraa TOro, 'lTO 3aKJIIOqeHO B OT.n;eJIbHOM
CJIOBe, He3aBHCIlM0 OT nenoro), Hanpaaep, <<3a:JICUZaTOUjaJl MOJ/IJUJ! :JICU3IJU yoapuna
us 06J/aKa Cl/Dea (<<Zundender Lichtblitz des Lebens schlug ein aus der Wolke des
Wortes: MOJ/IJUJ! (Lichtblitz) - aKD;eHTHpOBllHHbIe BHH3, :JICU3IJU (des
Lebens) - mapoxae Ha legato B MeJIO,rum y conpano - BHH3, 3aTeM asepx;
yoapuna (schlug) - aKD;eHT H c<popn;aH)l;o. Tpou, yoap cepoua (<<Donner, der
Herzschlag) - rpersa CTpOKa 3ByqHT a cappella: ZpOM (Donner) - aKD;eHTHpoBaHHOe
J, yoap cepoua (der Herzschlag) - p, npHqeM B M)')KCKIIX ronocax npHMeIDleTClI <pH
rypa CyCTIHpaD;IDl (suspiratio) - rrpoasaeceaae CJIOroB onaoro CJIOBa sepea naY3Y,

HMHTHpyX B3.n;OX (I qacTb, T. 28):
der t Herz- t schlag
Bmopan xanmama Op. 31 Ha CJIOBa HOHe )l;JIj[ conpaao, 6aca, CMemaHHoro xopa H
opxecrpa - nOCJIe,lJ;Hee npoaaseneaae (1941--43 IT.). OHO 3a,u;yM1>IliaJIOCb
KaK' MHoroqacmaM oparopaa )l;JIj[ .xopa, COJIHCTOB H opxecrpa, O coxaaeaaa TaKOrO
TIma Pa3MbIIIIJIJIJI eme C 1930 roztazto C03.n;aHHX csoero nepaoro npoasaeae
HHj[ Ha CJIOBa HOHe (TpH neCHH )l;JIj[ ronoca H <pOpTeTIHaHO Op. 23). OH
cxexy KaHTaTbI C XOpOM H COJIHCTlIMH (conpaao H .6apHTOH). B xaxecrse
TeKCTa KOMn03HTop YKa3bIBaeT Ha Kyrie H Christe B Meccax H D;HTRpyeT CJIOBa H3
paane KaRTaTbI H, C. Baxa Actus tragicus (BWV 106): Gottes Zeit ist die allerbeste
Zeit (<<EOJKHeBpeMX - JIY'IIIIee BpeMID.
B xaarareop, 31 mecrs sacrea, HO pa60TaJI H HM ceJJ;bMoii, il era 3CKH
sax OCTaJIHCb Ha6poCKH Ha OCHOBe Toii )Ke cepaa, He somenmae B coxaaeaae. CHa
xana 6bIJIH C03.n;aRbI I, IV, V H VI sacra, 3aTeM II-x H Ill-a, KOMn03HTOp IIHIIIeT 28
aasapa 1944 rona X. HOHe TIHCbMO, B KOropOM ecrs TaKHe CTpOKH: I'orossre mecrs
qacTeii KaHTaTbI 06Pa3Y1OT 3a1COlJlIelJlJOe My3bl1CGJlblJOe lIeJ/oe! JI eme HeMHOrO nOKO
JIe6aJIcx, HO nOTOM OKOJillaTeJIbHO penran COCTaBHTbH3 3THX roroasrx qaCTeii
"KaHTaTY". MRe npHIIIJIOCb JIHmb npoasnecra nepecraaosxy... H3 MY3bI
KaJIbHbIX ... H B arrrepecax CBX3Hocm TeKCTa - H reneps II .n;OBOJIeH pe
3YJIbTaTOM BO scex oraonreaasx.
Teneps nOCMOTpH nOCJIe.n;OBaTeJIbHOCTb sacre. Re Ka:m:eTCX JIH 'lTO y MeIDl,
B cynmocra, nOJIyqHJIaCb "missa brevis"? ETaK:
I. "Schweigt auch dieWelt,.." ["MHp MOJIqHT"]... - qeM3TO He "Kyrie"?
II. "Sehr tief verha1ten..." ['TJIY60KO CKpbITaM BHYTJleHHJIJI :lKH3Hb"]... - COOTBeT
CTByeT "Gloria"!
m. "Schopfen aus Brunnen des Himmels..." ["qepnaM ID ...
pasae 3TO He "Credo"?
IV. "Leichteste BUrden der Baume" ["flerqaHrrrne aonra nepessea"]. ..
u mym oce
V. "Freundselig ist das Wort" ["IIpHBeTJIHBo CJIOBO"] ... - 3TO JIH He "Benedictus"
.H "Sanctus"?...
HHaKOHen;:.
VI "Gelockert aus dem Schosse" ["OcBo60:m:.n;eHHbIH H3'JIOHa"]... - "Agnus Dei"...
MRe onpeneneaao Ka:m:eTCX, 'ITO B MoeM no.n;6ope ecrs CBIDbl.
B KaHTaTe TpHqaCTH COJIbHble H TpH xoponsre:
I H II qacm - COJIO 6aca a opxecrp,
IV xacrs - conpaao a opxecrp,
I Betiepn A. CO'!. - C. 126.
11 TPIfKAlITAThIAHTOHABEBEPHA
III 'l.aCTh - lKeHCKHH XOp, conpaao HOpKeCTP,
V 'l.aCTh - cMemaJIHhIil: XOp, conpaao, cxpamca-obligato a opxecrp,
VI 'l.aCTh - CMemaHRbrH XOp a opxecrp.
Harepecasns npHMepOM CBJl3M ,lJ;O,lJ;eKacPoHHOH TeXHHKH CO CTapHHHOH xoposoa
M)'3bIKOH J1BlIJIeTCJI VI xacrs BTOPOH KaRTaThI. Ee naprarypa BbIT'JIJI,lJ;IlT KaK
nOJIHcPOHHH crpororo CTHlIJI, HO 'l.eThIpexroJIOCHbrH KaROH BbIDOJIHeH Ha OCHOBe ce
pHHHOrOpJl,lJ;a (Ilpaxep I). 3T0 CJIOlKHaJI KOHCTpYKIJ;IDl He TOJlbKO B OTHOmeHHH ro
JIOCOBe,lJ;eHHJI, HO H B pHTMH'l.ecKoH MY3bIKaJIbHOrO 'reKCTa. Teua nana
caaa B rrepexeaaosr xerpe:

2 _.113 .14J_JJ13 _.. JloJI0.12 oIJ_I
0
PHTMK<iecKHH HHTepBaJI BCT)'IIJleHHJI- zrae ,lJ;OJlH - crporo co6JIlO,lJ;aeTcJI, M K MO
MeHTY BC1)'IIJIeHHJI acex rOJIOCOB y KlIlK,lJ;OrO H3 HRX CBOH MelJl; JIHillb B
6yKBe B (CM. napTHTYPY) M B KOHIJ;e'l.aCTH Bee rOJIOca CXO,lJ;JlTCJI B O.l\HOM MelJle. 3TOT
CJIOlKHbrH KaHOH nOBTOpJleTeJl TpH pasa nO,lJ;06HO TpeM KynJIeTaM (KalI(,lJ;btii pas C HO
BI>JM TeKCTOM).
IIocJIe,lJ;HJlJl KaHTaTa YHHKaJIbHa TeM, 'ITO C03)1aHRaJI B pasrap TPare)1HH
BTOpOH MHpOBoH BOHHbI OHa rrpoHHKHYTa B03BbIilleHHl>lM TOHOM, Bb13bIliaeT acco
IJ;HaIJ;HH CO CTapHHHOH apae H. XOpOBOH nOJlHcPoHHeH crpororo CTHJIJI, 'lT0 neco
MHeHH,O ,CBH,lJ;eTeJlbCTBYeT o CHJIe ,ZJ;yXa XY)10lKHHKa, He CJIOMJIeHHOrO oxpyacasmea
era ,lJ;eHCTBHTelIbHOCThIO.
PaCCMOTpHM aesoropsre oco6eHHOCTH )10,lJ;eKacPoHHOH TKaHR KaHTaT
KOMn03RTOP acnonsayer cepaa M3 12 3BYKOB, xoropsre aenpepsrsao H CHCTeMaTH'l.e
CKH IIPOBO,lJ;HT B Pll3JIH'l.HbIX cPOpMax: P - npaxa, R - paKOXO,lJ;, I - HHBepCHJI, Rl
paKOXO,lJ;HaJI HHBepCHJI (CM. IIpHMepbI 10, 3).
IIpHBe)1eM cepaa Be6epHoBcKHX OnyCOB 26 H 31; IJ;HcPPbI non eepHJIMH 03Ha'l.aIOT
HHTepBaJIbI B nonyronax (Ilpaaep 2). Tpexaayaaae cerxerrru 3THX cepa
pasasr no HHTepBaJIbHOMY, COCTaBy. O,D;HaKo cnenaqiaxy sefiep
HOBCKHX cepa COCTIlBlIJIeT CO'l.eTaHHe nayx THIIOB HHTepBaJlOB- MaJIOH ceKYfl,lJ;bI M
Tepn;HH (MaJIOH M 60lIbmOH): B nonyroaax - cersresrsr 1.3. M 1.4.
B cepaa KaHTaThI op. 29 oaeas cymecraeaao JlBlIJIeTCJI H,lJ;eJl CHMMelJlHH
B3aHMOCOOTBeTCTBHJI H B3aHMOOTpax<eHHJI 3JIeMeRTOB CTPYKTYPbI: eep:a:HHbIH PJl,lJ;
p1l36HBaeTCJl Ha CerMeHThI no 3 H 6 3B)'KOB, KOTopLIe MelK,lJ;y CHMMelJlH'l.HbI
(Ilproaep 3).
B IIOKlI3aHHLIX cepHJIX HHTepBaJIbHbIe KOMnJIeKCbI naasr B TecHOM pacrronoace
HHH, H BHyTpeHHe HX nponesas, MLI He 06HapYJKHBaeM 60lIbmHX CJIOlKHOcTeil: B HH
TOH.HJlOB8HlUl. 'B CaMHX xaararax cepaa noxra HHKOr,lJ;a ue U3JIaraerCH B TeCHOM
paCrrOJIOlKeHHH, 06LI'l.HO HHTePBaJIbI ,lJ;aIOTCJI B - MaJIaJI ceKYH,!J;a 3aMeHJI
erez 60lIbmOH cerrraao (I = II);TepI{lIJl- eeKCTOH H T. ,lJ;. Hanpaxep, op. 31, ill
'laCTh, napTHJI conpano II (IlpHMep 4).
Ilonyron (HJIH 60JlbmaJI eeIITHMa) J1BlIJIeTCJI OCHOBOH HHTOHaIJ;HH IIO
3TOMY TaKYIO rapMOHH'l.ecKYID cHcTeMY KOMno31ITOpa asropsr MOHOrpacPlUl o HeM
npe,lJ;JIolKH.JIH aassmars - uonyroaoscCHC'reMOH, B xoropo OT)1eJIL-
I Texaaxa KOMn03murn Beepaa IfCCJlel\OBaHa I\OCTaTO'IHO nOI\P06HO. OTOlllJIeM 'lHTllTeJIJI K ne
JIOM)' pllA)' cjl)'H.llaMeIITaJIbHLIX ;ftt60T Ha HeMeUKOM If pyCCKOM lI3LIKax, IIpHBel\eHHLIX, B qaCTHOCTH, B
MOHorpacjlHH B. H. H IO. H. XOJlOnOBhIX. 31\ech Mh! paCCMaTPHBaeM oco6eHHOCTH IIpHMeHeHHll 1Ip1lH
UHlIOR noneKaq,OHHH B XOpOBOM nHChMe
O<fEPK mesu 12
Hbili 3B)'K - :3TO CaMOCTOlITeJIbHllJl enaaana', Ilo cymecrny, pasaeprsr
BaHHe JJ;HCCOHaHCa IlO rOpH30HTan:H H IlO BeJlTIIKan:H. HMeHHo TaKOH 3BY'ffiO
CTIl 6bIJI npacym
XOpOBOH TeXHHKH B xamarax Op. 26, 29, 31 OCHOBaH Ha mraeapaocra
cepaasrx PAAOB, - .l\lIlI xopono ljJl\KTYPbI B !leJIOM xapaxrepen IlOJIHljJOHH'ieCKlIH
IIHCbMa (pasmraasre KaHOHbl, HMHTal.Ulli, ljJyrH). BepTHKlIJIb IlOJIHljJO
HH'IHa. Cassa XOpOBllJl ljJl\KTYPa HecKOJIbKO nponte opKeCTPOBOH (HHCTPY
MeHTlIJIbHoli), rne ecrs Teu.neHI\HJI K CepHaJIH3l1I\HH pasasrx IlapaMCTPOB: peraerpa,
pHTMa, .lJ;HHaMHKH, aprasynsnaa, reM6pa.

Bbl.lJ;eJlliM HeCKOJIbKO XOpOBOro OHCbMa B xarrrarax
1. Wl\KTYPHble ronoca ne scerna COBIla,naIOT CcepHiffibIMH, 'ITO B nenoa THIlH'lHO
.lJ;JllI ,no,neKaljJoHHH. Hanpaxep, KaHTaTa Op. 29, ill 'laCTh, TT. 17-23. CepHHHbrli PAA
H3 reaopa nepeaaerca B lIJIbT H B03BpamaeTCH B TeHOp; cepnHHJ.Iij: PAA H3 6aca nepe
naerca B lIJIbT H 38KaH'!HBaeTCH B conpaao (IIpHMep 5).TIlKHM 06p1l30M, 'nJCJIO HOT B
MeJIO,!(IiH onpezrenserca Xy,nOllCeCTBeHHblM CMblCJIOM, a He ljJmcCHpyercH cepHiffiblM
paCIlOpAAKOM.
2. Ha npoaezeaae cepaaoro PMa He scerna BJlHJIIOT pasnensr ljJOpMbI, TO ecrs
PM MOllCer Ha'!HHaThCH B O,nHOM pasnene COlnJHeHHJI H npoztonacarscs '1epe3 uesypy
Brtpyrosr. Harrpassep, xarrrara Op. 26, TT. 92, 93 (CM. IlaJITHTYPY).
3. B cepHil:HoM PH.nY MOllCeT He XBaTaTh ozmoro HJIH HeCKOJIbKHX 3B)'KOB, 3TO
'ITO norepsaasr 3BYK HaxOJJ;HTCH B ,ApyroM 4Jl\KTYPHOM rorroce. Hanpa
Mep, KaHTaTa Op. 26, TT. 47-50. B .reaope rrpOBOJJ;HTC$! pasoxonasr PAA OT a, B KOTO
pOM Her moporo 3BYKa g. OH HaxOJJ;HTCH B napraa COIlpaHO II OTHOCHTCH K paxoxoa
HOR HHBepcHH OT fis. TaKHM 06p1l30M, OJJ;HH 3BYK g rrpaaaanescrr pll3HbIMCepHHHbIM
PMaM, HO HaxOJJ;HTCH B O,nHOMcPl\KTYPROM ronoce (I1pHMep 6).
5. BCTPe'laKJIIIHeCH B xaararax xopossie asxopznr, B OTJ1H'IHe OT OpKeeTPOBbIX,
He 06Pll3YIOTC$! acaencrsae Beprn'KaJIH3aIIHH oztaoro cepHil:Horo pana, Hanpaaep, B
.xanrare Op. 31 IlepBblH 0pKeCTpOBblH IlKKOP,n - 3TO mecrs nepasrx 3BYKOB cepHil:Horo
pana Pe-fisB BepTHKlIJIbHOM paCIlOJIOllCeRHH:
3 cis
l
(IIHcPpa osnasaer HOMep
1 e. 3B)'Ka cepaa,
6 es'
CIlpa:aa OT IlH4JPbl
4d CaM 3B)'K pana)
Sb
2A
XOpOBllJl BepTHKlIJIb JiBJlHerc.lI CJIeJJ:CTBueM naueapaere MblWJleHHll KOMII03H
TOpa. B OCROBROM :3TO IlOJIHcPOHH3HpOBaHHllJl rapMOHHJI, TO ecrs ronoc ax
xopna HMeer CIIOIO lIHHHIO H OTHOCIlTCH K CBoeMY cepaaaoay PH.nY. TaKHM 06p1l30M,
O,nHOBpeMeRHO 3By-qaT HeCKOJIbKO pasasrx PMOB. Hanpaxep, 0603Ha'!HM TT. 20-23
KaHTaThI op. 26 cJIe.nYIOIIIHM 06p1l30M: .
T 20 T 21 T 22 T 23
S Ph-ais
hl
h'
CZ
e
Z
ct?
IZ
r
A Pe-h
Cl
fis
G
Cl
fis
G
cis'
gis
A
cis'
gis
A
!

Gis
dl
b
II
fis'
a
B
fis'
a
B
T RI{IS-(
B RIg-f1S
, XOJ/onoeo B. H, XononoeK). H. Qm. CO'l. - C. 253 H nanee.
13 TPMKAHTATbI AmOHA BE];EPHA
11H0r.n:a cepaaasre ronoca .n:y6imP)'lOTCJI, KaK, aarrpasrep, B I 'lacm KaHTaThI op.
29, TT. 14-16. Ilepasra axxopz; xopa: COIIpaHO .n:y6JIHpYeTCJI TeHopOM, arrsr > 6acOM B
60llbIII)'lO CeKYH.ll:Y (Ilpaaep 7).
AKKOP.n;bI B xanrarax pll3H006pll3HbI IIO caoe c1pYKTYPe, HO B HHX 06J13aTellbHO
IIpHcyrCTByeT ozraa-zrse 60llbnme CeIITHMbI mm ozraa-naa IIOnyTOHa (aarepsansr 11
HnB 1), TO ecrr, .n;nJI XOpOBOH sepraxana xapaxrepasr C03B)"lHJI C IIOnyTOHOM - re
MHaKKOp.ll:bI. HanpHMep, KaHTaTa Op. 26, TT. 64-65, 67:
I I I
T.64 T.6S, T.67
03Ha'laIOT OTC1lHTbIBaeMbIe CHH3Y asepx aarepsansr, H3 KOTOpbIX COCTOJIT
aKK0P.ll:bI (Ilpaxep 8).
MTaK, .n:aeHa.n;IIamTOHOBoH TeXHHKe IIpRcYIIIa JIHHeapHOCTh. Ho KaK JKe
HHToHHpoBaTh TaKYIO MY3bIKY?
Cl;lMo HHTOHHpoBaHHe B03MOJKHO = IIpR ycnosaa npaaansaoro CllbIIIIaHHJI
.n:aeHa.n;IIamTOHOBoH 3BYKOBOH MaTepHH.
B OTJllf'IHe OT MY3bIKH IIpOIIIJIoro C ee OIIOpOH Ha TOHallbHO-4>YHKIIHOHallbHbIe
CBJI3R B .n:9.n:eKa4>ORHH IIpOHCXO.n;HT onopa Ha cepl'Iil:Hbrii: PM .: TOT CaMbrii: HHBapRaHT
CTpYKTYPbI, xoropsr BbIDO=eT TY JKe 4>)'HKIUIIO, 'ITO H 1:0HHKa B MaJKOpHO
MHHOpHOH TOHaJThHOcrn. B IIepB)'lO osepens TaKHMH HHBapHaHT3MH J1BnJiIOTCJI
'repnam-asre KOMnneKCbI THIIa: IIOnyTOH - cexyrrna, IIOnyTOH - ManaJI TepIIHJI, IIOny
TOH::- 60llbIDaJI TepIIHJI, IIOnyTOH - xaapra, nOnyTOH - TpHTOH (1.2 - 1.6), TO ecrs
reMHrpylIlILI. MMeRHo ORH H CTpYKTYPHp)'lOT Meno.n:mcy
Crpoeaae MenO.n;HKH C nmpOKHMH CKa'lKaMH o-reas xapaxrepao .n;nJI TeMaTH3Ma
n03TOMY soxansasra 3BYK .n:OnJKeH 6bITh M:aKCHMaJJLHO npH6JIHJKeH K HH
CTpYMeHTaJILHOMY, TaK KaK H3JIHIIIHee vibrato (HnB npyraa KpaHHOCTh - OTCYTCT
BHe ero, firrexrrsr 3BYK) 01pHIIaTellbHO CKaJKeTCJI Ha xasecrae HHTOHHpOBaHHJI Ta
Koro mna MY3bIKH, rrte xpaaae 3BYKH ztaanasoaa 6epYTCJI 6e3 IIOC'I)'IleHHoro .n:aH
JKeHHJI, CKa'lKOM, 'laCTO B THXOM moance H Ha KOPOTK}'lO .ll:JIHTellbHOCTb. Hanpa
Mep, KaHTaTa Op. 26, napras B TT. 102-103 (Ilpaaep 9).
Ilpa pasysasaaaa KaHTaT B nepsyro o-repens peKOMeH.n:yeTCJI OCBOHTh cepmo B ee
'leTI>Ipex 4>OpMax CP, R, I, Rl), CB060.n;H0 ners KaJK.ll:bIii: cepHHHhIH PM OT ID
12 3BYKOB (12 cepHHHbIX PMOB x Ha 4 4>OPMbI = 48). Ilpa 3TOM JKenaTellbHO MbIC
JIHTh HHTepBaJJLHo, a He nanoso, .n:aJKe B TeX cnyxaax, r.n:e no 6billO 6bI B03MOJKHO
Ha KOpOTKHX npOMeJKYTKax, aanpaaep, a-cis-d - 60llbillaJI TepIIHJI H IIOnyTOH, a He
.n:OMHHaHTa, BBO.n;Hbrll: 3BYK H TOHHKa'.
1 IO. H. Xononos B crarse KaI< rters nosyto M)'3bIKy XX sexa (II BocII\ITIlHHe M)'3bIKllJIbHOro
cnyxa. - M., 1985. - C. 59-85) npeanaraer MHT0IDlpoBaTh ,l(O,l(eKaq,oHHble co'UiHeHHJl B Hana
noroaansaoa OCHOBe, HO npH nOM xccnenoaarem, npanaer asaxeane ocsoeamo
rexarpynn, TO ecrs rpynn CnOnyTOHoM. Ecna B M)'3b1Ke C'rpaBHHCKOfO ,l(O,l(eKaq,OH
HOfO nepaona rrpamran na,l(OBOH YCTaHOBKH 6e3ycnOBHO nOMOlKeT npeononers TPY,l(
HOCTH, Tal< KaI< cepaa y C'rpaBHHCKOro no CBoeH npapone (B qaCTHOCTH, B npOH3Be,l(eHHH
Canticum sacrum, KOTOpoe paCCMa1j?HBaeTClI BO Bmoposs o.epKe), TO B KaHTaT3X Ha HaIII
B3fnlI,l(, Ha nepsoe MeCTO lKe HHTepB8nbHOe HHTOIDIpOBaHMe Conopo HareMMrpyn
rrsr, rax KaK OCHOBy MenO,l(Hl(H H aKKOp,1J;HKH COCTaBlIlIeT aarepnan 60mmOH CenTHMbI
(ManOH HOIlbI).
QlJBPKOEPBbJ/if 14
IlOJIe3HblM, Ha Ham B3rJIllJl, S1BJIlIeTCJI nponesanae HHTepBaJIOB cepaa B IllHpOKOM
pacrrOJIO)KeHHH, rae 60JIbIDIDI cerrnnra KaI< rJIaBHbIH KOMIIOHeHT reMHTOHHOH CHCTe
Mb! norosaa 6bITb npenensno YCTOWnma. ECJIH TaI< MO)I(HO CKa3aTb, <<yCTOH
60JIbIDOH ceIITHMbl C.rrYJKHT orropo .n;JIJI cJIYXa H OCTaeTCJI HeH3MeHHblM H He3bI6JIe
MbIM B HHTOHHpOBaHHH. Hanpaaep, cepaa xaararsr op. 31 H BapHaHT Pa3yqHBaHHJI
(IIpHMep 10).
KaI< OTMeqaJIOCb BbIIDe, XOpOBIDI BepTHKaJIb KaHTaT rrOJIHlj:loHH3HpOBaHa,
TO ecrs KlDI<J(bIH rOJIOC, HMeJl CBOIO MeJIO.n;HIO, BXO.n;HT B CTp)'KTYPY axxopna, B KOTO
pOM rrpHC)'TCTBYeT 0,ll;HH HJIH HeCKOJIbKO OCTpbIX HHTepBaJIOB, rr03TOMY nOJIe3HbIM
MO)KeT 6b1Tb nponeaaaae cepanstx PJI,ZlOB B .n;y6JIHpOBKax HHTepBaJIOB 60JIbIDOH
CerrTHMbI, qaCTOH KBapTbI, TpIITOHa H zrpyrax. B xasecrae ynpIDKHeHHJI pexoaeany
eTCJI nponers cepmmblif' PJI,Zl KaHOHOM, aanpaxep, B 60JIbmyIO cexyany; KaHOH
MO)I(HO 3aI<OffqJITb Ha nocnezrae BbI.n;ep)KaHHOH HOTe B KIDK,!lOM ronoce, .n;O)j()l;aB
IllHCb IlOKa nonoror see, HJIH noaropars CaM KaHOH HeCKOJIbKO pas,
lllTpHXOBIDI namrrpa KaHTaT secsxa OT npoHHKHoBeHHo
ro legatissimo no YMPHoro, aKUeHTHpoBaHHOrO O.n;HaKO
IIpOTJnIYTble IIITpHXH, CTaKKaTHble IIITpHXH rrpllKTH'IeCKH He ynOTpe6JIJ1IOTCJI,
CBJI3aHO, KOHeqHO, C MeJIO,D;HqeCKOH, BOKaJIbHOH OCHOBOH KaHTaT Hanpa
Mep, B KaHTaTe op. 26, B TT. 71-74 - Y aJIbTOB HaCTOJlIIIee napasecxoe apH030 B HIO
eeces piano, pianissimo.
Xapaxrepasra IIpHeMoM 3B)'KoBe,LIeHHJI S1BIDlIOTCJI 6bIcTpbIe crescendo H dimi
nuendo 6YKBaJIbHO Ha O.n;HOM 3B)'Ke. OTMeTHTb, B HeKOTOpbIX HHCT
PYMeHTaJIbHbIX COqHHeHHJ!X nanpasrep, BapHaJJ;HJIX '.n;JIJI lj:lOpTeIlHaHO
Op. 27 (1936) ,lI;HHaMHKa, pHTM, TaK)I(e TJII"OTeIOT K CepHaJIH3aJJ;HH (TO
ecrs KIDK,LIbIH napaxerp HMeeT CBOIO cepmo Il KOHTparryHKTHpyeT C .n;pyrHMH rrapa
MeTpaMH). li BJIHJlHHe 3TOH TeH.L\eHWm OIIl)'maeTCJI B xarrrarax, XOTJI OHO He asrpa
)KeHO TaK lIpKO. TeM He MeHee, IIpH HCrrOJIHeHHH K/lIlTaT cnenyer 3lIOCTpHTh
BHIlMaHHe Ha TOM, BbI.n;ep)l(IlBaeTCJI JIH 3B)'K B O.n;HOM HIOaHCe, JIH60 CRJIa 3B)'Ka
YMeHbIDaeTCJI HJIH yaeJIHqHBaeTCJl
1
.
Bee nepesacneanue CBOHCTBa CBH.L\eTeJIbCTBYIOT 06 Il3b!CKaHHOCm, H3J1IIIeCTBe H,
BMeCTe C TeM, KaK. 3TO RH CTpaHHO - npocrore XOpOBOro IlHCbMa 06pa3
HOCTb H MHorOwemOCTb CTHXOB MOHe HanIJIH sonaonreaae B OC060M 3BYQaHHH Be
6epHOBcKOH M)'3bIKH.
Xoponsre CO'lHBeHHH Anrona Befiepna
Entflieht auf leichten Kahnen (<<YCKOJIb3IDI Ba nerxax senaax) .n;JIJI CMemaHHO
ro xopa a cappella Ha CJI. CT. Teopre, 1908, Op. 2.
,[(Be necna ,LIJIlI CMemaHHOrO xopa C liHcTpYMeHTaJIbHblM conposoaoreaaea
(CKpHIIKa, KJIapHeT, 6acKJIapHeT, rnrapa, xenecra) Ha en, li. B. Tere as !UlTaHCKO
HeMeI{KHX speaea ,L\HJI li rO,LIa: 1. Weiss wie Lilien, reine Kerzen (<<JIHJIHH CBeqeli:
l npexpacno 3HaBIIIHA xoposyro cneuarpaxy, cxopee scero, npennonaraa B03HHI<HOBelille
TeXlIJIqeCKHX HCnOnHeHHJI CBOHX KaHTaT. CaM KOMn03HTOP npn acnonnenaa COBpeMellHLlX
eM)' XOpOB:LIX coqlllieHHU sceraa ,l{06HBancJJ: OT xoposoro KOJIJIelCTHlJa npeononeaaa He06bR.HI.IX
Tp)'iOIOCTeil Hosea M)'3L1KH. Hanpaxep, B meH6eproBcKHll: XOp a cappella MHp Ha sesore
nsen crpymnre, KOTOpLIEj;,HrpanH mme xopa H cnHBanRCL C HHM, 3TO noxorano J\06HBaTLCn '1HCTOro
xoposcro CTpOJl). TOT JKerrpReM opamaansrro Pll3BHJl B CBOHX}:(Byx necasx = xopa Op. 19.
CM. 06 3TOM: Xononoea B. H., XORono6 K). H. UHT, con. - C. 67.
15
TPH KARTAThI AHrOHA BEbEPHA
6eneIOT), 1925-1926; 2. Zieh'n die Schafe von der Wiese (<<TlIH)'TClI OBUbIC ny
ra), 1926; pe):\aKIIHlI Cq>OPTeIIHaHO - 1928, op. 19.
Das Augenlicht (<<CBeT rnas) ):\nlI CMemaHHOrO xopa H opxecrpa Ha en,
X. HOHe, 1935, op. 26.
Ilepsaa KaHTaTa ):\nlI conpaao cono, CMemaHHOrO xopa H opxecrpa Ha cn.
X. HOHe: I. Zundender Lichtblitz des Lebens (<<3l1l1G1I'aIOIIJ;alI MOnHHl! JKH3HH),
2. Kleiner Fliigel (<<ManeHbKoe KpbIJIbIlIIKo), 3. Tonen die seligen Seiten Apolls
(<<3ByqaT 6ml)I(:eHHbIe C1pYHLI Anonnoaa), 1938-1939, op. 29.
BTOpalI xaarara nnx corrpano cono, 6aca cono, CMemaHHoro xopa H opxecrpa Ha
en, X. HOHe, 1941-1943, op. 31: .
I. Schweigt auch die Welt... MOlI'IHT...)
2. Sehr tief verha1ten... (<<rny6oKo cKpLITalI snyrpeaaaa lKH3Hb...) .
3. aus Brunnen des Hirnme1s... (<<qepnalI H3 HCTO'lHHKa ...)
4. Leichteste Biirden der Baume... <1lerqaibnHe HOIllH zrepeasea...)
5. Freundselig ist das Wort... <IIpHBeTmmOe crroso...)
6. Gelockert aus dem Schosse... (<<OcBo6o)f()l;eHHbIH H3 nona...)
PeKOMeBJ:\YeMaH JIHTepaTYpa
Be6epII A. JIeKIlHH o My3bIKe. I1HcbMa. - M., 1975.
Ileuucoe 3. B. ,n;o):\eKaq>OHHlI Hrrpo6neMbl cOBpeMeHHOH KOMl103HTOPCKOH TeXHH
ICII II MY3bIKa HcOBpeMeHHOCTh. Bsm, 6. - M., 1969.
Iieuucoe 3. B. COBpeMeHHalI My3bIKa H rrpo6neMbI KOMl103HTOPCKOH
TeXHHKH. - M., 1986.
<ili ceem 80 mbMe ceemum. O My3bIKe Aaroaa 1945-1995 ICocT.
10. H. Xononos: Haysasie 1pY):\bI MIK. C6. 21. - M., 1998.
Koeoymex Il. TeXHHKa KOMl103HIIHH BMy3bIKe XX sexa, - M., 1976.
Koxopeea JI. M Kaararsr A. Hrpaaartaa XOpOBOH KynbTYPbI XV - nep
BOH nonosaasr XVIII nexa II MOCKOBCKH:!l: My3bIKOBe):\. Bsm, l. - M., 1990.
C. A. Cepaaaas My3biKa: BOrrpOCbI TeOpHH, HCTOpHH, 3CTeTHKH.
M., 1996.
XOJlOn08 JO. H. KaK ners HOBYIO MY3MKy XX aexa II BOCllHTaHHe My3bIKanbHOrO
cnyxa, - M., 1985.
XOJlOn08a B. H., XOJlOn08 JO. H. AHTOH - M., 1984.
16
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Canticum sacrum Hrepa CT(laBBHClCoro
Ilpesrsepa CO'lHHeHIDI H. <1>. Crpasaacxoro (1882-1971) Canticum sacrum ad
honorem Sancti Marci Norninis (CIDIIIJ;eHHOe necaoneaae BO ClIlIBY HMeHR CBlITOrO
Mapxa) WllI 'rerropa, 6apHTOHa, csrenraanoro xopa H opxecrpa Ha lIaTIlHCKHH TeKCT
H3 Berxoro H HOBOro 311BeTOB (1955-1956) COCTOHJIaCb 13 ceHTH6pH 1956 rona non
yrrpaaneaaesr lIBTOpa B Beaerraa, B co6ope. CBHTOro Mapxa, To, 'ITO CBJIID;eHHOe
necaoneaaex npezraaanaaanocs WllI HcrrOlIHeHIDI HMeHHO B co6ope, HMelIO nna
t Crpanaacxoro fionsnroe aaaseaae, 6billO, KaK OH CaM rrHCaJI, O,l:\HOR ID CaMbIX
1.
60lIbIllHX nosecrea, OKa3aHHbIX .eMY B lKH3HH
3TO CO'lHHeHRe HaxO,l:\HTCH B PH.L\Y TaKHX rr03,l:\HRX XOPOBbIX OrryCOB KOMII03HTO
pa, KaK KaHTaTa Ha aHOIDIMHbIe TeKCTbI aarnacxo II033HR XV-XVI BeKOB,
Threni (eflna-ra), IlpOIIOBe,l:\b, nparxa H MOlIHTBID>, Anthem Ha ClIOBa T. C. 3lIH
OTa, IlOTOII, Introitus II!lMlITH T. C. 3lIHOTa, Requiem canticles. Bee OHR o6:be,l:\H
HeHbI CXOlKeCTbIO MY3bIKaJIbHOrO C= (lIpHMeHeHReM ,l:\O,l:\eKa4!oHHoR TeXHHKH) H
peJIHTIl:03HOR TeMamKoif. Ilo nosony pHMCKO-KaTOlIH'leCKOR aarrpaaneaaocra CBO
RX XOpOBbIX IIpOH3Be,l:\eHHii: II03,l:\HerO nepaona H. CTpllBHHCKIDi: ronopan:
ClIlIBHHCKIDi: H3bII< PYCCKOR lIHTYPrHH ncerna 6bill H3bIKOM MORX MOlIHTB - B ,l:\eTCTBe
li reneps... - H no-rrpeosnesry C'lHTaIO IIpllBOClIlIBHbIM... Iloxesry lKe rorna H Ha
IIHCaJI pHMCKO-KaTOlIH'lecKYIO Meccy? IlOTOMY 'lTO XOTelI, 'lT06bI ee HCIIOlIHHlIH B
cJIYiK6e, 'lTO a6COlIIOmo HeB03MOlKHO B pyCCKOR I\epKBH, TaK KaK 3aKOHbI IIpllBOClIa
BHH sanpemaror ysacrae HHCTpYMeHTOB B cJIYiK6e, a H BbIHOmy IIeHHe 6e3 aKKOMIIa
HeMeHTa lIHIllb B MY3bIKe C lIpHMHTHBHOR rapMOHHeR3. <<51 ,lJ;YMaIO, 'lTO KaJK,l:\bm
,l:\OlIlKeH MOlIHTbCH Ha CBoeM C06CTBeHHOM H3bIKe. MOlKeT 6bITb, KaTOlIH'lecKIDi: pHTY
an ,l:\OlIlKeH BCe lKe COXpaHHTb aexcropsie lIamHCKHe BbIpaJKeHIDI WllI TOplKeCTBeH
HOCTH. Ho Bor, B OTlIH'lHe OT lIIO,l:\eR, rrOHHMaeT lII060R H3bIK. CBHIIIeHHaH lIHTYPrHH
,l:\OlIlKHa 6bITh O,l:\HOBpeMeHHO 6olKecTBeHHOR H 'lelIOBe'leCKoR4. HHTepecHO OTMe
THTb, 'lTO CTpllBHHCKHR 6bill .L\PYJKeH C Ilano Y.IOaHHOM xxm, B03rJIlIBlIHBIllHM Ka
TOlIH'lecKYIO I\epKOBb B 1958-1963 roztax: lITO sa BeJIHKIDi: 'leJIOBeK, - TaKOR BeJIH
KO,D;yIllHbm, TaKOR ,l:\o6pbIii:!. MbI 6billH HaCTOHIIIHMH .L\PY3bHMH. B 6bITHOCTb era
BeHeI\HaHCKHM OH OTKpbill 60lIbIllOR co6op CB. Mapxa WllI Moero CBH
IlleHHoro IIeCHorreHIDD> .
O JIal'bIHH, eme B CBH3H C OIIepOR Ilapr, 3,l:\HII, KOMII03HTOP rracan, 'lTD
crapsra, nasce H3bII<, ,l:\OlIlKeH conepacars B 3B)"laHHH pem 3aKlIHHa
TelIbHbm... 3lIeMeHT, KOTOpbIH Mor 6bI 6bITb HCIIOlIb30BaH B MY3bIKe... Kerna H pa6o
l M. CTJlllllHHCKHli - ny6mmHCT H / Pen-cocr, B. ll. Bsp)'HI(. - M., 1988. - C. 306.
Ol\HaKO pe.IlSKIUUI JKypH8Jla Time orxnaxaynacs Ha nepsoe acnonaenae Canticum sacrum
crarse Y6HilcTBO B (24 ceHTJl6pJl Toro JKe mila), BOCnOnb30BlIIllUHCb 38fOJlOBKOM OI\HO
HMemmli IlpaMbl T. 3ml0T8 (1935). ll03JKe, KOr.IlS npa scrpexe JKeHa M. CTJ!lIIlHHCKom cnpocana y
nona, aaaer nH OH, 'Iro y Hero CKOMn03HTOpoM, a 3aTeM caaa OTBeTHrrs: Y6HilCTBO B c060
pe, - T. 3nnoT npamen B3aMemaTellbCTBO, HMOJKHO 6b1J1o nOqyBCTBOBaTb, 'ITO nacarens npennosen
6", cxopee He 6blTh lIllTOpOM ororo TeSTJl8llbHOrO onyca, HeJKenH OCKop6HTh KOMn03HTOpa em H83Ba
HHeM (CM. 063TOM: Cmpaeuucxuii I1. <P. ):(H8Jlorn. -JI., 1963. - C. 248-249).
2 Maoro ueaaoa HH<I>OPM8UHH 06 srax CO'lHHeHHJIX CO.IlePJKHTCJI B ClIeJlYlOll1eli KHHfe: rnU6UH
B. B. TBop'lec?,o Mj.?" Crpaaancxoro, - ,qoHeQJ<, 1995.
no. Cmpaeuncxuii H. ar; ):(H8Jlorn. - C. 274-275.
4M. CTJlllllHHCKHli - Hc06ece.IlHHK. - C. 211.
'TaM JKe. - C. 212.
21 CANTICUM SACRUM WOP>! CTPABIIHCKOrO
Killi . CJIY'IaH B TBOpqeCTBe CTpaBHHCKOrO. I1cn0JIb30BaHHe :3TOrO anracrpa
BHHCKOrO HHCTpYMeHTa 06yCJIOBJIeHO opaearanae KOMn03HTOpa Ha JKaHpOBO
oc06eHHOCTH 'raopsecraa npencrasarenea BeHeIUlaHCKoi!: KOMno
3HTOpCKOi!: IIIKOJThI XVI-XVII BeKOB, cljJopMHpOBaBrnei!:CJI rrpa Casroro
Mapxa, Apxarexrypa sroro CHMBOJIHqeCKH OTpaJKeHa B MY3bIKaJThHOM
CTpoeHHR Canticum. C.n;eJIaHO 3TO TaK MaCTepCKH, 'ITO npa CrryITIaHHH He B03HHKaeT
MbICJTh 06 HCKYCCTBeHRoi!: 1jJ0pMe-cxeMe. IlJITh npHTBOpOB 6a3HJIHKH COOTBeTCTByroT
IIJITH qaCTJIM KaHTaTbI. I H VqaCTH - V sacrs ecrs paxoxon I-i!: (TO ecrs TO,
'ITO B I qaCTH H.n;eT enesa aanpaso, B V qaCTH H)J;eT crrpasa aaneso):
CepUUHaR
.> meXHUKa
/ IIIq.
II q.
II H IV qaCTH 06pllMJIJll()T crroJKHYIO no 1jJ0pMe III sacrs, KOTOpalI, cnenys TeKCry,
qrreHHTCJI Ha TpH pasnena, COOTBeTCTByroIII;HX TpeM HTIOCTaCJIM mo6BH,
Ha;n;elK)J;e, sepe.
Cnosa KpaHHHX sacre Canticum sacrum .B3JITbI H3 EBanreJIHJI OT Mapxa: B
I qaCTH H3 XVI rJIaBbI 15 CTHXa, a B V qaCTH H3 20 CTHXa 3TOi!: JKe rnansr (CM. TeKCT).
OHR 06be)J;llHJlIOT BCe COqHHeHRe MbICJThIO O pacnpocrpaaeaaa Bnaro BecTH no
BceMYMHpy.
Bo II H III qaCTJIX HCnOJTh3yroTCJI COJThHble ronoca rreaop H 6apHTOH). 3TH qaCTH
HanHCaHbI B cepaao TeXHHKe. KOMn03HTOP npHMeHJIeT .n;ne cepaa, CepHJI II qaCTH:
IIpHMep 1. CepHJI III H IV qaCTeii:: IIpHMep 2. .
O)J;Ha H3 TeXHHKH KOMn03HIU1H CTpaBHRCKOrO (B TOM xacne H
n03)J;HerO nepaona) COCTOHT B TOM, 'ITO npa BbI60pe HHTOHaIJ;HOHHOrO MaTepHaJIa
)J;JIJI cepaaoro pana OT,I\aeTCJI npezmosreaae )J;HaTOHU'IeCKoi!: nOCJIe,l\OBaTeJlhHO
CTH 3BYKOB nOJIJlM). O CBoeM TJlrOTeHHH K TOHaJIi:,HOCTH li )UlaTO
HHKe CaM CTpaBHHCKHE: nsrcxassraancz HeO)J;HOKpaTHo.
Hecsrorpz Ha e,l:lHHCTBO sasrsrcna, MY3b1Ka B qaCTJIX Canticum. sacrum rrpa naem
HeM paCCMOTpeHHH xoarpacraa, H 3TO CBJl3aHO C npHMeHeHHeM Pa3JIHqHbIX TeXHHK.
B I H V qaCTJIX npe06JIa,IIaeT aKKOp.n;OBbIE: TRTI XOpOBOro nacsaa, a B III H
IV qaCTJIX -:- nOJIHIjJOHHqecKHi!:. B CBOIO osepezrs 3TO OTpaJKaerCJI H Ha HCnOJIHHTenb
CKHX aezn, BnOJIHe eCTecTBeHHO, 'ITO HHTOHHpOBaHHe BepTHKaJThHbIX CO
3Byqrri!: Ha OCHOBe nana OTJIHqHO OT HHTOHHpOBaHHJI ceparrsrx nocrpoeaa,
rapMOHHqeCKoi!: OCHOBOH I qaCTH (H, COOTBeTcTBeHHO, V qaCTH) JffiJIJieTCJI aarep
BaJThHalI rpynna H3 sersrpex 3BYKOB a-b-h-d. 3Ta rpynna - HHTOHaIJ;HOHHOe 3epHO; H3
KOTOpOro asrpacraer BCll rapMOHHJI I qaCTH H IjJHHarra. KpOMe TOro ee MOJKHO pas
6HTh Ha nsa ceraeara: b-h-d H a-d. ORH npHMeHJlIOTCJI H BepTHKaJThHO (KaK aKKOP.n;),
H ropH30HTaJIbHO (KaK MOTHB).
IIPH Ha,II BepTHKaJThHbIM crpoesr KpaHHHX xacrea KaJK,I\bIE: asxopn He
HYJKHO BbICTpaHBaTb CneIIHaJIbHO, 3aHOBO, B mo60M li3 C03Byqrri!:6y,I\YT npacyrcr
BOBaTh 3BYKH H3 rpynnsr a-b-h-d, xoropsre H nOCJIYlKaT onopo B HHTOHHpOBaHHH.
CTpaBHHCKHH HeCKOJThKO pas nomepxasaer B CBOHX <<)l;liarroraX, 'ITO rrpa COqJIHe
aaa OH HCXO,l:lHT B nepsyso 31iepe)J;b H3 rapMOHHH. TaKHM 06pa30M, aKKopJIHKa, KO
ropas JlBJIJieTCJI OCHOBOi!: xoposoro TIHCbMa xpaaax qaCTei!:, HeCeT B ce6e BaJKHYID
asrpasaremayro ljJyHKIIIDO.
23
"CANTICUM SACRUM>, HroP>l CrPABllHCKOro
fi 'IaCTb KaHTaTbI HMeeT !l>opMy COCTaBHOrO TIilla (B neJIOM XapaI<TepH)'IO )J;ID1
CTpaBHHCKoro). B HeH TpH p(3)J;eJIa, B KOTOpbIX HCnOJIb3yroTClI TpH CaMOCTOllTeJIb
HbIX !l>parMeHTa H3 BH6JIHH. p(3)J;eJI aasaaaerca npOBe)J;eHHeM B OI<TaBHbIH
)'HHCOH cepIlliHoro pana y oprana:
l. Caritas (1lIo60Bb), Pa-g,
2. Spes (Hanessna), Pc-b,
3. Fides (Bepa), Ph-a,
H 3aI<aWllfBaer ill '1aCTb npOBe)J;eHHe cepaaoro p5fJ.la Ph-a Y CTp)'HHbIX, TaIOI(e B OK
TaBHbm )'HHCOH (IIPHMep 5).

p(3)J;eJIe Caritas npoXO)J;HT xersrpexronocnsr cepHii:Hbm KaHOH, nosropmo
ID;mICH KaI< KyIlJIeT, npH'ieM TpH tOJIOca _ xoposue (TeHOp, aJIbT, conpaao), a xersep
Tbm rOJIOC - HHCTpYMeHTaJIbHbm (O)J;Ha MeJIO)J;H'leCKalI JIHHHH nepenaercs OT lIepBOH
KO BTOpOH Tpy6e, TT. 116-129).
K 3TOMy MecT)' (TT.1l6-129) ecrs KOMMeHTapHH asropa o TOM, 'ITO xoposue ro
noca MOryr 6blTb nOMep){(aHbI CTp)'HHbIMH HHcTpYMeHTaMH _ aJIbTaMH divisi .4:
!I0xo){(ee MeCTO ecrs B pasaene Fides, r)J;e KOMII03HTOP BIIHCM napnno aJIbTOB divisi
ill 4 B naPTHTypy (TT. 219-236l
B p(3)J;eJIe Spes npoXO)J;HT )J;HMor Me){()J;y COllHpyroIJJ;HMH M)')I<CKHMH rOJIOCaMH
(TeHOp H 6apHTOH) H ){(eHCI<HM XOpOM (conpaao H aJIbTbI). BepXIDlH rOJIOC XOpOBOH
lIaPTHTypbI CTpaBHHCI<HH 0603Ha'laeT KaI< <<)J;HCKaHT 110 aHMOrHH C XOpOBOH JIHTyP
rH'IeCKott My3bII<OH. B nOCJIe)J;HeM p(3)J;eJIe ill '1aCTR Fides B TT. 204-209, 214-217
Xop B OKTaBHbm )'HHCOH Ha CJIOBa credidi (BepOBM) 1I0eT HatIMO cepanoro pana
P b-as, npH'ieM nepBalI JIaMeHT03HalI HHTOHlII\HH (b-a _ nepasre zme HOTbI cepaaoro
PMa, nOBTOPlllOIIJ;HecH HeCKOJIbKO pas) 3ByqHT oseas apxaaxao, KaI< 3aI<JIHHaHHe. A
casaa cepHll B 3TOM BapHaHTe )J;HaTOHH'ieCI<HH 06JIHK. fi oo nanoaoe
IIHTOHnpOB3Hue (a He IDlTepB3JIbHoe) rroxoraer )J;06HTbCH xopomero MeJIO)J;H'leCKO
ro CTpOH (IIpUMep 4 B).
l1HTepecHb!M npUMepoM CB1I3H Canticum co cTapHHHoH 1I0JIHcjJoHHeH MO){(eT
cJIy){(HTb 'leTb!pexrOJIOCHoe xoposoe cjJyraTo B TT. 218-236 fi tIaCTR, xoropoe KOH
TpanygKTHPYeT C MeJIo)J;Heii TRila cantus firmus (c. f.) - cepHii:HbIM PMOM Ias-b B OK
TaBHbm )'HHCOH Y H TpoM60Ha. 3aTeM B T. 225 Ha )J;aHHbIH
e.f HaCJI3HBaeTCH cTpena e.f _ Pes-des Y r060H H 6aCOBoro TpoM60Ha (B )'HHCOH
xepea zrse OKTaBbI). KaHOHH'ieCKalI HMHTlII\HH Me){()J;y 060HMH c. f. BbI,1l,ep){(aHa KaI<
6b1 B TOHHKO-)J;OMHH3HTOBblX oraomeaaax _ as-es (IIpHMep 6).
IV '1aCTb B COOTBeTCTBHH C TeKCTOM, COCTOlllI:\HM H3 nsyx npe)J;JIO){(eHHH, 'lJIeHHT
CH Ha )J;Ba p33)J;eJIa: B nepBOM xop quasi un eco nOBTOpHeT CJIOBa conapyromero 6apH
TOHa, BTOpoii p33)J;eJI Ha'lHHaeTClI tIeTblpexrOJIOCHbIM XOpOBbIM KaHOHOM (BHOBb C
peKOMeH)J;aIJ;HeIi anropa )J;y6JIHpOBaTb xop aJIbTaMH divisi in 4).
BbICK33bIBaeT cJIe)J;ylOII:\He no){(eJIaHHH HCnOJIHHTeJIllM CBOnx CO'lH
HeHKH: rJIaBHOe - resnr, MOH My3bIKa MO){(eT nepeaorrs no'ITH BCe, spoxe aenpa
BHJIbHoro HJIH Heonpe)J;eJIeHHoro 'resrna TeMn MO){(eT npOTHBOpe'IHTb MerpOHOMy,
HO 6b!Tb BepHbIM no ztyxy, XOTH, O'leBH)J;HO, Pa3JIH'1Hl1 He MOryT",6bITb o-reas 60JIb
... 5[ '1aCTO rOBOpHJI, 'lT0 MOlO My3bII<Y flY){(H0 "'IHTaTb", "HCnOJIHHTb", HO He
HHTepnpeTHpOBaTb"... I1p06JIeMa CTHIDI B HCnOJIHeHHH Moeli My3bII<H - ::lT0 np06JIe-
M' 2
a apTHKyJlHIUIH H pHTMH'leCKOH )J;HI<D;HH. HIoaHCbI 3aBHClIT OT H"IiX . <OI nHIDY My_
I OOMep>KJ<y xopa a cappella <>rpymn.IMII rrpaaeaan lalOKe A. PYKoBOIIHB
IIIlIit
KOHIIep
TaMil Pa6o'lero neB'IeCKoro 06be$eHll>l BeHLI, aanpaaep, npn IICnOJIHeHIIII Mapa Ha 3eMJIe
I1leH6epra.
2CmpaBUHCKUU H. </J, .naMom. _ C. 247,
25 CANTICUM SACRUM HroPJI C11'ABHIICKOro
Tpa .n.yxOBHl1le neCHH Kapne ,r(lKe3YaJIb.n;0 ,1l;H BeH03a, aasepmeaasre H. Crpa
BIiHCKHM K 400-H ronosnrane CO )J;HJI pOJKJJ;eHIDI ,[(lKe3YaJIb.n;0 )J;Jlll CMemaHHOrO xopa
6e3 conponoaczterraa, 1957-1959.
Ilponoaens, nparsa li MOmi:TBa, xaarara )J;Jlll ansra li TeHOpa, xopa li opxecrpa
Ha aHrnliHcKHH TeKCT, 1960-1961. IlOCB1lII:(aeTclI Ilaymo 3axepy. 1. Ilponosezts
(HOBI1lH 3aBeT, PHMnlIHaM, VII, 24, 25; EBpeJlM, II, 1). 2. Ilparsa KaMIDI
MH CB. Crediaaa. (HOBI1lH 3aBeT, ,[(elIHIDI, VI, 2, 4, 5, 7-12, 15; IV, 1, 51, 52, 54-60).
3. MOJIHTBa (as Tossaca ,[(eKKapa; Ilaasra ,[(lKeiiMca MaKJIeHHa,

YMepmero B 1960).
AJrreM CnyCKaJICb, paccexaer B03.llyx (e'Fhe Dove Descending Breaks
the Air) Ha CTHXIi T. C. 3JIHOTa,)J;Jlll xopa 6e3 conpososcreaaa, 1962.
Iloron, 61i6neHCKaJI anneropas o HOBOM xosxere, My3bIKaJIbHOe npezicraane
HRe )J;Jlll 'l.TeI\a, neBI\OB, xopa, opxecrpa li TaHI\0POB, TeKCT COCTaBneH P. KpaepTOM Ha
OCHOBe Berxoro sasera (El1lTHe), HopKCKoro li 'lJeCTepcKoro c06paHIDI MHCTepliH
XV sexa li aHOHHMHOH cpe,1l;HeBeKOBOH n03MbI, 1961-1962.
Kaaoaasecxa HH1'pOIiT naserra T. C. 3JIHOTa )J;Jlll MYlKcKoro xopa li KaMepHOrO
aHCaM6HlI Ha narancxa TeKCT 1i3 PHMCKO-KaTOflHqeOKOH aayrroxoao Mecebl, 1965.
Saynoxoasre necaoneaas (<<Requiem canticles) )J;Jlll KOHTpaJIbTO, 6apHTOHa,
xopa li KaMepHoro opxecrpa Ha namHCKHH TeKCT 1i3 PHMCKO-KaTOJIHqeCKOH aayno
KOHHOH MeCCbI li CnyJK6bI, 1965-1966.
rJlU6UHCKUU B. B. TI03,1l;Hee TBOpqeCTBO H. <1>. CTpaBHHCKoro. - ,[(oHeI\K, 1995.
JJ:pyCKUH MC. Hrops Crpaaaacxa. - JI., 1974.
Koeoyme 1.(. TeXHIiKa KOMII03H1:(lili B My3bIKe XX sexa, - M., 1976.
Cmpaeuncsuu H. (JJ. XpOHRKa MoeH lKH3Hli. - JI., 1963.
Cmpaeuucxuii H. (JJ. ,[(:Hanom. BOCrrOMHHaHIDI. Pa3MbIIIIJIeHIDl. KOMMeHTapHH.-
JI., 1971. '
Cmpaeuucxuii H. (JJ. Crarsa li MaTeplianbI / COCT. JI. C. ,[(MI'IKOBa. - M., 1973.
H. Crpaaaacxa - li c06eCe)J;HHK / Pezr.-cocr. B. Il. BapYHI\. - M.,
1988.
XOJlOn06 JO. H 06 3BOmoI\HH eaponecxo TOHanbHOH CliCTeMbI II
nana, - M., 1972.
;.
27 "CANTICUM SACRUM HroPJI CTI>ABHHCKOrO
Ilpaaep S
Tempo I, J. 108
.
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29
Ha Ham B3rJUl):(, lIBJUleTCJI CTaTbJl O ,ZJ;HpIDKepax H (e, 184-192) H3
KHHI'H H. CTpaBHHCKHH - ny6JmIJ;HCT H B KOTOpOH KOMrr03HTOp osens
OCTpO OT3bmaeTCJI o MHornx H3BeCTHbIX ,ZJ;HpIDKepax H 06 HCKYCCTBe ,ZJ;HpIDKHpOBa
HIDI."
B .D:Harrorax (Ha C. 109-110) rrpHBO,ZJ;HTCJI yCJIOBHaJI Ta6JmIJ;a, B KOT0pOH Crpa
BHHCKHH cpasnanaer enoe TBopqeCTBO C TBOpqeCTBOM Illenfepra. HCrrOJIb3YJl sry
MelO, MhI rrpHBO,ZJ;HM B 3aKJIlOqeHHe aaanorasayto Ta6JmIJ;y, KOTOpaJI 06beKTHBHO
HJIJIlOCTpHpyeT CyrIleCTBeHHOe paanasae TBOpqeCKHX MeTo.n;OB CTpaBHHCKOrO H Be
6epHa H, COOTBeTCTBeHHO, ,ZJ;HcPcPepeHIJ;RpOBaHHbrn HCrrOJIHHTeJIbCKHH nozrxon K ax
.. COqHHeHHJIM:
. CmpaeUHCKUU
HHrePBllJILlILIi! 1'0,1\:
Ornomeaae k TeMIIy:
Illrpaxa:
THIILI BLIpIl3HreJII,HOCTIl.

XpOMaTIl3M
I1IHpOKoe IlpHMeHeHHe rubato
Legati
Espressivo. Ilaprarypsr nOJIHLI 060
3HaqeHHi! ,l\HHaMHKH
Staccati
Seeeo. IIapTlfl)'PLI cO,1\epJKaT
MBHHMYM 0603HaqeHHi!
",l\HHaMHkH

IIpo.n;oJDK1lTb Ta6JmIJ;y MOlKHO CpaBHeHHeM BhI60pa TeKCTOB ,D;BYMJ! KOMIl03HTO
paaa. 3m TeKCThI, HeCMOTpJl Ha BCe ax pasnasae, 6e3yCJIOBHO 06be,ZJ;HIDIeT fJIy6HHa
c)')K.ll:eHHii: o CMhlCJIe qeJIOBeqeCKOH lKH3HH:
Jlareparypasr
nepBOKCTOqHHK:
XaPaKTePKCTHkK: .
CTHXH Xansnerapn HOHe,
HeMelJ;Klli! Jl3LIK
IIo33Hl1 Cxpacosasnra,
'l)'BCTBeHHO-KoRKpeTHblMK 061'113
aMH, JlHDIelffi8JI CIO)KeTHOC11l, HO
orpaacarornaa ,l\BKJKeHHll B qeJIOBe
'1eCkOM cepnne
<I>parMeH'ID1 bK6mm H3 HOBOro
K BeTXOro 3aBeTOB, JIaThIHb
Crporne, OTIoqeHIILIe xaaoan
secxae cj>PIl3L1, BLIpaJKalOllUIe
3aKJIKHaTellbHbOO> xapazrep
nepxosaoro paryana
lli CKa3!IHHOrO BbIIIIe MOlKHO .n;OCTaTOqaO JlCHO onpenenars pa3JmqID1 B nonxonax
K XOpOBOMY IlHCbMY ,D;BYX KOMIl03HTOPOB, apTHK}'JIJII:(llli, urrpaxass, ,D;HHaMHKe, aro
rase H; COOTBeTCTBeHHO, B03HHKHYBmee H3 sroro IDlTeprrpeTan;HH .n;0
.n;eKacPoHHbIX rrpOH3Be.n;eHHH H CTpaBHHCKoro.
31
..
Ir, cANTO SOSPESO JIYH,!llICli HOHO
lICeHRe e,lJ;liHCTBeHHOrO pemeaaa 6JIaro,n:apH OTKpbrrOCTB ana
MHOllCeCTBeHHOCTH 3HaqeHHH li
B cepezraae 50-x ronen B TBOpqeCTBe HOHO 0603HaqaeTCH aarepec K
<<IIpoCTpaHCTBeHHOMY CJIDllllaHHIO KaJK,n:OrO :,lJIeMeHTa li MY3bIKaJThHO
CMDIClIOBOMY CTepeoiPOHH3M)'l>l. 3BYK IiJIH ClIOBO o6'beMHocTh, KOTO
pyro HeJID3H 0603PeTh C TOqKH 3peHIDI (szrecs yqHThIBaroTCH iPar<:TO

qeCKOR iPlirypM li xapaxrepa IlpOH3HOmeHHH). KOMll03liroPCKaH TeXHHKa HOHO 03
ByqHBaeT He CTOJIDKO IlplIMbIe CMMCJIDI, CKOJIDKO R Il03TRqeCKRe
06eproHDI CJIOB.
K nepaozry 50 - 60-x rozros OTHOCRTCH C03,n:aHRe 60JIDillRHCTBa XOpOBDIX cosaae-
HHH HOHO, TaKRX, xax 3IlRTaiPID! <l>e,n:epRIW Jlopxe (1952-1953), II06e,n:a I'epan
KR (ed.a Victorie de Guemica) Ha CTBXR II.3moapa (1954), Tho60BHaH necns
<Liebeslied) Ha CTBXR (1954), 3eMlIH li nozrpyras (el.a terra e la
compagna) Ha CJIOBa IIaBe3e (1957), XOpM ,lLB.n:oHbD> (<<Cori di Didone) Ha
CJIOBa Yaraperra (1958), OHa npamnar <Ha venido).IIecHH CHJThBHH ,n:JIH
COIlpaHO II lICeHCKoro xopa Ha CJIOBa A. Masano (1960), IIecHH lKH3HH H mo6BH: Ha
MOCryXnpOCRMM (<<Canti di vita e d'amore) Ha CJIOBa r. Aanepca, X. n. IIaqeHOH
lJ. IIaBe3e (1962), Ilecaa K I'aosrap (<<Canti a Guomar ) Ha CJIOBa A. Ma-rano
(1962-1963).
[(eHTpaJIDHOe MeCTO B pHiJ:Y Ilepeq:aCJIeHHDIX 3aHRMaeT xaarara ll
canto sospeso (1955-1956). OHa BbI,n:eJIJleTCH HpKOCTblO MY3bIKaJIDHOrO MaTepRaJIa H
CJIYlKHT npexpacasnr THIlIPIHOR ,rOIJl: sroro BpeMeHH TeXHHKR HOHO. Bee
npaneraromae K KaHTaTe IlpOH3Be,n:eHIDI CXO,n:HDI no 'rany IlRCbMa. B 60JIee n03,n:HHX
orrycax HOHO, no CJIOBaM 3. B. ,IJ;eHHCOBa, He OTKll3bIBaeTCH OT TRIraTeX
HHKH, HO aCCRMnJIHPyeT ee C CB060,n:OR IlRCbMa
2

Ilosonoa .n:mr coanaaaa KaHTaTDI IIpepBaHHaH necas ,n:JIH COJIHCTOB (conpaao,
aJIDTa, reaopa), xopa II opxecrpa nocnyacano 3HaKOMCTBO HOHO C <<I1RcbMa
nparosopeaasrx K CMepTH yqaCTHRKOB ConpOTHBJIeHIDI, aunymea
HOR Ha RTaJIDmCKOM H3MKe B Typaae B 1954 rozty II Ha - B Ihopaxe B
1955-M (c npe,lJ;liCJIOBHeM T. MaHHa). CTpOKR 3THX ,n:0KYMeHTOB xax 6M ,n:OHOCHT no
cnyxa rozoca YMepIIIHX MOJIO.l\DIX - lICeHIII,IDI li li ,n:eByrrreK,
aasero He 3HaBIIIHX .n:pyr O zrpyre li rosopaamax Ha pll3HMX H3DIKax, HO B no
CJIe.n;HHH xac nOpll3liTeJIDHO e,zwm,rx no .n:yxy B cnOKOHHOR sepe B xoaesaoe TOplICe
CTBO .n;06pa.
KaHTaTa COCTOliT H3 ,n:eBHTH l, IV H VIII xacra HHcTpYMeHTaJThlu.Ie; III H
V-JI - COJIDHDle; n, VI li lX-JI - xopossre, vn qacTh HaIlHCaHa ztna lICeHCKoro xopa,
COIlpaHO COJIO li OpKeCTpa
3.
Y!TaJIDmCKRe MY3bIKoBe,n:nI M. MHJIa li P. ,IJ;3aHeTTB YKa
ssrsaror Ha TO, KaHTaTa MeeT q:acro H,n:eaJIDIlDle .ll:JIH BOCnpHHTRH
pasxrepsr R nponoprraa, aBTOp BbICKa3aJI MDICJID O TOM, B OCHOBe scero
l TaM >Ke. - C. 26.
2 Ilenucoe 3. B. ,[(Ba .ppaI'Mema ID <dl canto SOSpeSO JI. HOHO II CBET. )J;OEPO. BE'lHOCTh.
TIaMllTK 3i\HCOHa )J;ellHcoBa. CTllTbH, BocrroMHHaHWI, MaTepHaJ1l,I I Pezr-cocr. B. C. Ilenona. - M.,
1999. Ha sry CTllThIO MbI OIIHpaeMCJl B.n;aJ1I,HellmeM aaanase.
3 3.n;eCb, Ha Ham B3rJlJlJ\, MOlKHO rrpOBeCTH napannens CMarHH.pm<aToM Ii. C. Baxa, rne lKeHcKHll
xop e.n;HHCTBeHHblli p1I3 HCnOJTh3YeTCJil'B X qaCTR Suscepit Israel - CaMolt npOHHI<HOBeHHolt HTPora
rensson.
33
"IL CANTa SOSPESO JIYH,lVKII HOHO
HOH TeXHH'IeCKOH OCHOBOH CO'lRHeHIDI, n03BOJlllJl nOJIY'laTb COqeTaHIDl 3BY
KOB, pa:3JlH'1Hble aKKop,n:OBbIe (<IIJITHID>, BIUIOTb zto ozraonpexearroro COe,n:HHeHHJI pas
Horo sonasecrsa MaJIbIX cexyazt, ,n:aIOIl.I,RX HaH60JIee CJIHTHyIO B TeM6pOBOM OTRO
nreaaa xpacxy (IIpHMep l).
PacCMOTpHM II sacrs KaHTaTbI, Ha.IIHCaHHylO ,!WlI xopa a cappella. BCJI qacTb no
cTpoeHa Ha 19 nposezreaasx 3BYKOBbICOTHOH cepaa B OCHOBHOM BMe OT 3BYKa a,
npH'JeM cepansre pll)J;bI npoxonsr li no BepTHKaJIH, II no ,n:HarOHaJIH. Harrpaxep, B
rrepaax nrecra TaKTax II qacTH cepas npOBO,n:HTCJI TpH pasa: HHHI:J;HaJIbHbIe
(HaqaJIbHbIe) TOHM a B T. 1 (co-alto l), a B T. 3 (soprano l), a B T. 5 (c.-alto 2)
,
(IIpHMep 2).
pHTMH'!eCKaJI cepas KaHTaTbI:
3 S S S

r-r- ---, ......
)l
J ,

)l.
J
o

o CL J
)l.
, J
)l.
,
)l


"----/ "----/ U
I 1. 3 S 8 13 13 8 S 3 1. I
1. 3 4 S 1. 3 4 S S S 4 S
-' ..
'.
....
'.
'-.
---_o.. _....__.. ------
0-
..'
.'
-'-. - .. - .. -_........ _..-'
-----.-. _o o o _ _.
- ............ _--- .........-'-".-
...........
Ilo "!HCJIHTeJIJIM OHa CHMMeTpH"lHa. Jloraxa J:(HcPP "!HCJIHTeJIJI COCTOHT B cnenyro
meM: nocnenyromee "!HCJIO paaao cYMMe,n:ayx npensmymax, TO ecrs 1+2=3,2+3=5,
5+3=8, 5+8=13; sro TaK Ha:3bIBaeMDIil: PJl,ll; <l>H6oHa'I'IH. 3HaMeHaTeJIH pana 03HaqaIOT
OCHOBHOiLpHTMJIqecKOH e,n:HHJIW,I (seraepra) Ha COOTBeTCTByrolJ:(He qac
TH 0 - 3TO BOCbMaJI, 4 - meCTHlI,!(IlaTaJI H T. zt.), a "!HCmITeJIH - KOJIHqecTBO 3THX qaC-
TeH, aanpauep, )l. - 3TO 3
4
, TO ecrs TpH mecraamtarsre, a
CL - 13
4,
TO ecrs meCTHlI,!(IlaTbIX.
"----/ . .
B nepsox nposezrenaa 3BYKOBbICOTHOrO pana Ka>K,l\0MY 3BYKY COOTBeTCTByeT on
pezreneaaas ezraaana:
3 3
r-- ---, r- ---"
)l J, )l. J o )l o CL J
"----/ "----/
l 1. . 3 s 8 13 13 s 3
2 3 4 s 1. 3 4 s S
1.
4
a b as h g C fis cis
f
d e es
Ilepnsre sersrpe TOHa 3BYKOBbICOTHOH cepaa H3JIaraIOTCJI O,n:HOBpeMeHHO, npa
3TOM cpasy ,n:aIOTCJI nee qeTb1pe OCHOBHbIX BMa .n:p06JIeHIDI MeTpH'IecKOH e,n:HHHIIbI
Ha.!ml! (60CbMaJl B c.-alto 2), !!lli (serseprs ID rpynnaponxa mpuonunux 60CbMbIX B
soprano 2), qeThI))e (TpH tuecmuaouamux B soprano l) H IIJITb (serseprs, pasaas
K6UllmOJlU B c.-alto l) (CM. Ilpasrep 2).
B ,n:aJIbHeil:meM TaKOe cosnaneaae napymaercs, TaK KaK "!HCJIHTeJIH pHTMH'IeCKO
ro pana nOCJIe,D;OBaTeJIbHO nepeaemarorca Ha oaay e.munm.y C KlllK,L\bIM HOBbIM npo
1,
Be,n:eHHeM cepaa, TeM CaMbIM POTlIIJHI0 TO ecrs HOBoe nposeneaae 36)fKO
eucomuoii cepaa 6y,n:eT Ha'lRHaTbCJI He C nepso ,n:JIHTeJIbHOCTH pUmMU'leCKOU ce
pHH, a C TOH ,n:JIHTeJIbHOCTH, "!HCJlliTeJIb KOTOpOH 6y,n:eT COOTBeTCTBOBaTb "!HCJIHTemo
CJIe.n:yromeH e,D;HHHW>I pHTMH'IecKOH CepHH. Hanpaxep, sropoe nposezreaae cepaa

l POTlIIJ;Heii H83hIBaeTClI T3J(oe nocnenosaane 3B)'KOB cepaa, npa KOTOPOM nepssr 3B)'K npensury
mero psna CTlIHOBHTClI nOCJIel\HHM.
35
:'.;
lt. cANTO SOSPESO nYH)lllGl HOHO
fIocne.wme xersrpe npOBe.L\eHIDI CepHH (16-19) 06Pll3)'KlT 3aKJllO'llITeJThHIJil: pas
.L\en qacm li HMelOT coaepmenao pHTMK'IecK}'IO CTPYKTYPY, B KOTOpOH npe
06na,D;aIDT .L\OJIrHe ,D;nHTeJThHOCm. Ilpaxaaa sroro - OT.L\eneHHe CaMbIX 3Ha'IHTeJTh
HbIX cnOB,. BbIpIDKaIDlI{IIX H,L\elO sacra. Muoio per la giustizia. Le nostre idee
tnceranno... <YMupalO sa Hauiu uoeu no6eoJlm) (TT. 142-157;
fIpHMep 3).
JIorHKa cooraomeaaa 3ByKOBOH li plITMH'IeCKOH cepaa B 3THX rrpOBe.L\eHHJIX .L\O
BOJThHO cnoacaa. II0.L\Po6HO ee paccsrorpen 3. B. ,[(eHHCOB B crarse <<,[(Ba <pparMeHTa
1f3 "ll canto sospeso" JI. HOHO.

Bo II sacra HOHo eme He pll3.L\eJIJIeT enona lIO cnorass (KpOMe enesa barricate
[6appHKa,D;bI] Y 6acOB B T. 137): B O.L\HOM ronoce cnOBO Ha'IHHaeTCJI, TO B 3TOM
)Ke ronoce OHO If 3aKaH'IHBaeTCJI. 3TOH 3aKOHOMepHOCTblO 06'bJICHJIeTCJI B03HHKHOBe
HHe KIDK.L\oro nocnenyromero 3ByKa cepaa B TOM ana HHOM ronoce: ecna cnOBO
.L\0n:>KH0 IIp0.L\OJlli(aTbCJI, TO cne.L\YlOlIlHii: 3ByK cepaa (KOTOpbIH .L\OJlli(eH BC1")'IIHTb
scnen aa 3aKaH'IHBaIDIIlHMCJI B nI060M .L\PyrOM ronoce), IIOJIBJIJIeTCJI HMeHHO B TOM
ronoce, rne .L\OlI)KHO rrpO.L\OlI:>KHTbCJI ClIOBO. ECnH ClIOBO IIpOlf3HeceHO nOnHOCTbIO
(ana, ecna rOlIOC BC1)'IIHJI Ha CliMOCTOBTelIbHOH rnacao), TO cnenyionra 3ByK ce
pHH IiCIIOnHJIeTCB .L\PyrHM rOlIOCOM (TaKHM 06p1l30M nayssr MOryT 6bITb rrpocrasneasr
nO'ITH aBTOMaTH'lecKH).
Bo II qacm KaHTaTbI HCII01Ib3YeTCB TaIOKe cepaa ,L\HHaMHKH: IIBTb cTa6uJIbHLIX
(TO ecrs HeH3MeHJIeMbIX, BbI.L\ep)KaHHbIX) OTTeHKOB YCTaHaBlIHBaIDTCB OTHOCHTeJThHO
IIeH1Jla CHMMeTpHIf mp, KOTOpbIH BC1'peqaeTCJI TOJThKO B Heli3MeHHOM BH,L\e (6e3
crescendo If diminuendo):
cz.
ppp p Imp mf f I
-> :::::;>-
Bee npyrae OTTeHKH BCTYIIaIDT B ClIe.L\YlOIIJ;He OTHOmeHIDI:
.., ......
pp < mf ppp<f p<f f>p f> ppp mf> ppp
.......
TeM CaMbIM nonysaerca mecrs BbIIIIeYKlI3aHHbIX MO.lQ'JIUpyroDJ;UX (TO ecrs 1i3Me
HlIIOIJ:J;UXCB) OTTeHKOB, raiose YCTaHaBlIHBaIDIJ:J;UX CHMMeTpHlO OTHOCHTeJThHOIIeHTpa.
B o6IJ:J;UX qepTax MbI paccxorpena KOMII03HIIH0HH)'IO cTpYKTYPY II sacra, oc
ransnsre xopossre qacm lIO TeXHHKe BO MHOrOM C HeH CXO:>KH. Hanpaaep, IX qaCTb
(xop li nHTaBPbI) BKlIlOqaeT 17 nposeneaaa 3ByKOBbICOTHOH cepaa; KaK li II xacrs,
OHa HMeeT 3aKJllO'lHTeJThHbm pasnen - KO,D;y, B KOTOpO:ll: xop IIOeT 3aKpbITbIM pTOM
(bocca chiusa) 15, 16, 17 IIpOBe.L\eHIDI cepaa (CM. IIpHMep 4 Ii).
B IIOCne.L\HeH qacTH KaHTaTbI nrecrs c'ra6HJThHbIX .mmaMH'lecKHX OTTeHKOB:
ppp, pp, p, mp, mj, f
li ceMb MO,D;ynHP)'KllI{llX:
ppp <J, pp -cmf. p mp.fs-ppp, mf>pp, mfz- ppp, mp z-p.
B 3TOH '1acm anepuste ClIOBO pll3.L\eJIJIeTCJI lIO ClIOraM, xoropsre IIepe.L\aIOTCJI
Pll3HbIM rOlIOCaM, O.L\HaKO naprzrypa He BbIrJIJI,L\HT nepeYClIO:>KHeHHOH, HarrpOTHB,
MO)l(HO JIHIIIb BOCXHlIlaTbCB 'lHCTOTOH nHHHH li BbIpll3liTeJThHOCTbIO KIDK.L\oro 3ByKa
(Ilpaxep 4 A, Ii). ...
37
"IL CANTa SOSPESO JIYll.i\JKH HOHO
OTKJlOHeHHH. OC06eHHOCTh XOpOBOrO 3ByqaHIDI :nOH sacra 3aKJIIOqaeTCJI B TOM, qTO
nerxae, IIp03pa'lHLIe lKeHCKHe ronoca He npOH3HOCJIT TeKCTa, OHH nOIOT bocca chiusa
(3aKpbITbIM pTOM), bocca quasi chiusa (KaK 6LI 3aKpbITbIM pTOM)
H bocca quasi aperta (KaK 6LI 0TKPbITbIM pTOM), a TeKCT 3ByqHT Y canoro CBeTnOrO
connpYIOIJJ;ero TeM6pa - conpaao.

B Ilpepsaano necae, no cBJmeTenbCTBY KOMn03HTOPa, oIJJ;yIJJ;aeTCJI CBJl3b C
nonn!pOHHeH snoxa B03polK,lJ;eHHJI H paaaero 6apOKKO H .n;aJKe C nOnHTeKCTOBbIMH
MOTeTaMH xn sexa. Bo BpeMJI HanHCaHHJI KaHTaTbI HOHo lIpOJIBnJIn HH
repec K Mecce h-moll Eaxa H PeKBHeMY Monapra, K reM rronmpoaaae
I
CKUM !pparMeHTaM, rne HCnOnb3}'lpTCJI pa3HJ>Ie TeKCTbI B' O,!J;HOBpeMeHHOM 3ByqaHHH
HOHO HCnOnb3YeT He 1I0JIHbIe TeKCThI TIHCeM, a = HeKOTopLIe crpoxa H3 HHX,
eMY HaH60JIee BaJKHbIMH, H BOUJIOIJJ;aeT HX B MY3bIKaJIbHbIH Ma
TepHlIJJ KaJK,!J;OH qacm nO-pa3HOMY (nonasr TeKCT TIHceM nom6TIIHX yqaCTHHKOB
COIIpOTHBneHHJI IIpHBO,!J;HTCHB IlpHJIolKeHHH l, a rexcr, HCnOnb3yeMLrl!: HOHO, H ero
nepeson - B IlpMolKeHHH II). KaK YlKe YKa3bIBlIJJOCb, BO II H VI qaCTHX CJIom, Ha KO
TOpLIe Pa36HBaIOTCJI CJIOBa, He nepenarorca pasasns roJIOCaM, IX sacra; B
VII xacra .CJIOBa ssyser y COnHpYIOIJJ;ero COIIpaHO, a lKeHCKHH xop BbITIOJIHJ!eT pons
!pOHa.
XOTR cosaaeaae HOHO paccsaraao Ha !pOHH3M H xpacxy HTllJ!:bjjHCKOrO R3bIKa, He
KaJK)J;oe CJIOBO JIerKO BOCnpHHHMaeTCR cnymarenea, KaJKeTCJI, qTO CMbIcn
TeKCTa OT Hac YCKOnb3aeT. 3TO IIpOHCXO,!J;HT noTOMY, 'ITO HH ozraa !ppa3a He 3BY'IHT
D;enHKOM B O,!J;HOM rorroce: enona no aepraxana H naaronana,
Pa36HBaIOTCR Ha CJIOm H !pOHeMbI. Pacceasaaae H aarymessrsaaae CJIOB IIpOHCXO,!J;HT
Ile TOnbKO H3-3a HX pacnpeaeneaaa MeJK,!J;Y roJIOCaMH, HO H sa eser KOlITpa- .
craocra H nO,!J;BHlKHOCm OTTeHKOB, KaK, aarrpaxep, B TT. 108-118
II qaCTH:
Xop T,108 T,109. T,1I0 T. III T.1I2 T,1I3 T,1I4, T.1I5 T,1I6 T.1I7 T. !l8
SI Muo-io mon-do
- e-
splen-4e-ra
-
u
p mj
---
'PPP p PPP
iPpp<ml . ml -.- ppp-Iml
- iPpp<1
S2
C-al
o
mp
Muo-io
-mon-do
-mp mf dim, p
o-
-
-
- e-
-con
+
-

-
-
a
mp
tan
for
ppp
-
te
ppp
-
C-a2
Ipppf>p
Muoio
-
mf dim. -j
splen-de
-
j>ppp
ra
-
j
lan
-ppp
-to-
-
-
T l
Ippp-- ---
o che
ppp-cmf
-
-f-dim..
o-
p
-
u-
I
-
ppp<
I
T2
BI
0
ml
Muo
ml
'Ppp
io-
J----
splende
'PP-
-
-----
ra
mj
peresc.
ff
ppp-<
u
ppp-
I
a
ppp "
u
-
mj
lu-ce
-
B2
Ippp---- cresa
per UD
I
mp
mj' ml
--_p
"
..
-
con lu
p J-
-
------
Pp
-ce
----J
'J>pp<mf
-
-----
-
-
-
.
",
,
J 1KUpWlJlUHa JI. B. Q>rr. COq. - C. 26-29.
41 Ii. CANTa SOSPESO JIYH,lllKII HOHO
IlPHJIOJKEHIIE I
nUCLMa npUrOBOpeUULIX K CMepTD ysacrnaxoe
Eaponeacxero COnpOTDBJIeUQH (Typan, 1954; :U;lOpUX, 1955)1
IL CANTO SOSPESO
Le lettere di cui dei lettura non sono parte
integrante della composizione.
Anton Popov, Bulgaria, di anni 26,

insegnante e pubblicista
Sofia, Carceri centrali
22 /uglio 1942
Cara mamma,
caro frateIlo,
cara sorella,
io muoia per un mondo che splendera con
luce tanto forte, con tale bellezza che il mio stesso
sacrificio e nulla. Confortatevi pensando che per
esso sono morti milioni di uomini in migliaia di
lotte sulle barricate e sni fronti di guerra.
Consolatevi pensando che muoia per la giustizia.
Consolatevi pensando che le nostre idee
vinceranno...
Anton
Andreas Likourinos, Grecia, di anni J4,
studente liceale
Papa,
mi portano a Kessariani per l'esecuzione
insieme ad altri sette detenuti [...j Ti prego molto,
avverti le loro case. Non vi addolorate. Muoiu per
la Liberta e la Patria.
Andreas
Eleftherios Kiosses, Grecia, di anni J9,
studente
Cara mammina, papa e sorelline, oggi 5
giugno 42 ci flicileranno. Moriamo da uomini per
la patria. Non soffro affatto e cosi non voglio che
voi soffriate. Non voglio pianti ne lacrime.
Abbiate pazienza. Vi auguro di essere felici e non
addoloratevi per me. Saluti di tuttocuore a tutti.
SIAMO DEGN! DEI NOSTRI AVI E DELLA
GRECIA. Non tremo affatto, e vi scrivo dritto in
piedi. Respiro per l'ultima volta la profumata aria
IL CANTO SOSPESO
Die verlesenen Briefe sind nicht Bestandteil
der Komposition.
Anton Popow, Bulgarien, 26 jahriger Lehrer
undJoumalist
Sofia, Zentralgefdngnis
22. Juli J942
Liebe Mama!
Lieber Broder!
Liebe Schwester!
Ich sterbe ft1r eine Welt, die mit so starkem
Licht, solcher strahleri wird, daf3 mein
eigenes Opfer nichts ist. Trllstet Euch im
Gedanken, ft1r sie Millionen von Menschen in
Tausenden von Kllmpfen auf den Barrikaden und
an den Kriegsfronten gestorben sind. Trostet Euch
im Gedanken, ich ft1r die Gerechtigkeit
sterbe. Trostet Euch im Gedanken, unsere
Ideen siegen werden...
Anton
Andreas Likourinos, Griechenland, J4jiihrige
Schuler
Papa!
Sie bringen mich nach Kessariani ft1r die
Hinrichtung, zusammen mit sieben anderen
Verhafteten [...j Ich bitte Dich sehr, verstandige
ihre Familien. Betrube Dich nicht. Ich sterbe ft1r
die Freiheit und dasVaterland.
Andreas
Eleftherios Kiosses, Griechenland, J9jiihriger
Student
Liebe Mama, Papa und Schwesterchen!
Heute, am 5. Juni 1942, werden sie uns filsilieren.
Wir sterben als Mlinner ft1r das Vaterland. Ich
leide durch aus nicht, und darum will ich auch
nicht, daf3 Ihr leidet. Ich will keine K1agen und
keine Tranen, Habt Geduld, Ich wUnsche Euch,
daf3 Ihr glucklich seid und Euch meinetwegen
nicht betrnbet. GrUf3e von ganzem Herzen an alle.
WIR SIND UNSERER AHNEN UND
GRIECHENLANDS WORDlG. Ich zittere nicht,
W l B Ilpanosceaaa I i1pHBOI\llTCJI nomrsre TeXCThI llHceM yqaCTIIHKoB esponeacxoro COi1pOTMBJIe
HHJI, B Ilpnnoaceaaa II - q,paI'MelITLI mrcea, cJIYlKa.m;HX OCHOBOA XaHTaThI <<IIpepBaHHaJI neCHL.
ei
ili

45
n. CANTO SOSPESO JIY>I,1lJICI{ HOHO
Hexoropste xopoasre CO'lHHeHBJI JIyHJl,ll(B HOHO
3mna<!JIDI <lJe,l\epHKO Tapcaa Jlopxe, 1952-1953.
YepHHKH <La Victorie de Guernica) HaCTIlXH Il. 3moapa, 1954.
.J1Io60BHWI necas (sl.iebeslied) Ha CTIDlli HOHO, 195.4.
IlpepBaHHWI necns (ell canto sospeso), 1955-1956.
3eMIDI H nonpyra (<<La terra e la compagna) Ha enona lJ. Ilaaese, 1957.
<<X0PbI'uHJ(OHbD> (<<Cori di Didone) Ha enona ,UlK. YlITapeTTH, 1958.
OHa rrpamna. Ilecaa CHJIbBHH ):\IDI conpaao H meHCKoro xopa Ha cnosa

A. Masano (<<Ha venido), 1960.
Ilecna )l(H3HR H mo6BH: Ha MOCTY XHpOCHMbD> (<<Canti di vita e d'amore) Ha
enona Y. Aazepca, X. JI. Ilaseaoa lJ. Ilaseae, 1962.
Ilecaa K YHOMap (<<Canti a Guomar) Ha ClIOBa A. Masano, 1962-1963.
Iloxaa, qyO C T06mo 6EillIO B m" MY3bIKe K .l\PaMe Il. Baca
<<,U03HaHHe, 1965-1966.
<<,UbIIIlaIIJ;W1 XCHOCTh 6bITIDI (<<Das atmende Klarsein), 1981.
<<IlyYHHKH... Aaxyso (<<Caminantes... ayacucho) Ha TeKCT lIaTHHCKOrO COHem
'ulKOP,l\aHO Bpyao, 1986-1987.
Xop ysacrsyer s orrepax Ilozt lKapKHM COJIHIIeM, noJJ:llI,Th{ mo6BH, H
Ilpoxere, 1984-1985.
PeKOMeB,[Q'eMa.ll JlHTepaTYPa
Eo:JICU'l P. JIyH):IlKH HOHO B sepxane BpeMeHH II COB. MY3bIKa. - 1991. -N2 7.
rUII36YP2 JI. C.llinepBblO CJI. HOHO II COB. MY3bIT<a. -1974. - N2 4.
Ilenucoe 3. B. 'uO,l\eKa<!JOHIDI H COBpeMeHHOH KOMII03lITOpCKOH TeXIDl
KH II MY3bIKa H COBpeMeHHOCTh. BbITI. 6. - M., 1969.
Ileuucoe G. B. ,UDa <!JparMeHTa m ll canto sospeso JI. HOHO II CBET. ,UOEPO.
BE1JHOCTh. IlaMsiTB: 3,l\HCOHa ,UeHHcoBa. CTaThH, BocnoMHHaHIDI, MaTepHaJIbI I
Pezt-cocr. B. Ci Ileaosa, - M., 1999.
JO. B. IlecIDI, KOTOpWl He npossysana II COB. MY3bIKa. - 1958. - N2 11.
Kupunnuua JI. B. JIyH):IlKH HOHO II XX BeK. 3apy6elKHWI MY3bIKa: Osepsa H zro
KyMeHTbI. BbITI. 2. - M., 1995.
Kpeuep r. Ilyrn H rrepenyrss O,l\HOH .l\PYlK6bI II MY3bIT<aJIbHWI aKa,l\eMIDI. r:
1996. -N21.
C. A. CepHHHWI MY3bIT<a: aonpocsr TeOpHH, HCTOpHH, 3CTeTHKH. '-
M., 1996.
Houo JI. Hara CBOIO 3Be3):1y. MHTepBblO II COB. My3bIKa. - 1989. - N2 2.
Houo JI. ABT06HOrpa4JIDI (<!JparMeHTbI HHTepBblO C 3. Pecraaso) II XX BeK. 3a
py6elKHWI MY3bIT<a: Osepxa H ,l\0KyMeHTbI. BbITI. 2."- M., 1995.
Ilecmanouua JI. HOHO MY3bIKaJIeH BO BceM II MY3bIT<aJIbHWI aKa,l\eMIDI. - 1996.
N21.
IlPaB,l\HBWI HCTOpIDI, paCCKa3aHHWI Mapxou JIeKapcKUM o TOM, KaK OH n03HaKO
MHJ!CX e JIyH):IlKH HOHO, KaK TOT HaMepHnCX era onapnrs, KaK Ilexapcxa CKPbIBaJI
CX, HO era H3nOBHlIH H oaapana, - H BCe 3TO Cpa3rlIarOlIbCTBOBaHHXMH OMy3bII<e, O
e,l\e (HlKe C HeR), O KOMII03HTOpax, O norone H, KOHeqHO, O ce6e II MY3bIT<aJIbHWI
aKa,l\eMIDI. - 1996. - N2 1.
Tapuononscxuu B. r. Contrappunto dia1ettico II MY3bIT<aJIbHWI aKa,l\eMIDI.
1996.-NQl.
Xannep X JI. Bcerna nO-HOBOMY, BCe BpeMX aaase II MY3bIT<aJIbHWI aKa,l\em.
1996. - N2 1.

47 "IL cANTa SOSPESO JIYH,!\lIGl HOHO
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COBPEMEHHAR XOPOBAR MY3MKA:
TeOpHH H HCnOnaeaHe
AHTOH BEBEPH
HrOPb CTPABHHCKHH
JIYH1PKH HOHO
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BHTOJIb,l1 JIIOTOCJIABCKHH
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MOCKBa 1999

Y):(K 78.087.68 + 781.5 + 784.1
,

I.
I
!
Peneaaearu:
npoljJeccop S. r. T'MUH, npoljJeccop S. Ho Kynunoe,
I\OKTOP HeKYCCIllOBel\eHHJl, npoljJeccop 10. ff Xononoe
JiaTIOKH. B.
COBpeMeHHaJl XOpOBaJl MY3hIKa: TCOPHJI H HenOJ1HeHHe. O'lepKII. - M.:
MOCKOBCKaJl roe. KOHeepBaTOpHJI, 1999. - 192 e., HOT.
B .llaHH)'lO KHm'Y BXOwrr o-repxa cOBpeMcHHoH xopoeojt mrreparypsi, JIOMOralOUUle
BOCC03.llan fiorree IIOJIHYIO K8p111Hy HOBOH XOpoBOH My.3blKH XX eexa. B KHHre paccerarpa
B8lO1'C5I HaH6oJ1ee 3H8'1H'I'eJIl:,Hhle H JlpKHe JIBJICHHJI COBpeMeHHoA XOpOBOK 3apy6eJKHoit H
pyCCKO:H. My.3hlKH, 8 -raioeeaarparueaerca HClI01lHHTe1IhCKWI np06JIeM8THKa.
KHHra HenOCpe.llCTBeHHO arrpecoaana C1}'.ZleHraM H npenozaaarenaa XOPOB:bIX H
Te0PeTIfKO-lI;OMnooRTOpcKHX tPmcyJThTeTOB (OT.ZleneHHA) My.3bIK8JThHbIX By30B B Ka"IecTBC
MeTOJlKtlecKOro n c c c a s no cOBpeMeHHOH. XOpOBOA: mrreparype, a T8lQKe BeeM My3blK8JiTaM
H DpOCBeIIJ;eHHLIM mo6KreJLllM HODOH My.3bIKH XXBeka.
ISBN 5-89598-054-6
lO EaTIOk HRHa Barrepseaaa, 1999
O MOCkOBCkaR rocyzrapcraeaaas xoacepaeropaa
. ~ , HM. n. M. 1.Jab;oBckoro, 1999

CO,lJ;EPJKAHIIE
Ilpeoucnoeue 4
tIACTI>UEPBAH. 3apy6e"",1UI XOpOBBB JIBTepa1)1lB 7
rJIABA l. L\Oi\eK.,poHHll. Cepaaocrs, Cepaansaocrs 7
Oueptc nepeuii. Tpa KaBTaThI ARToBa 7
Ovepx emopoii. Canticum sacrum Hrepa CrpaBBHCKOro 19
I<aHTaThI Aaroaa H Canticum sacrum Hropx
Crpasaeceorc B HCnOJIHHTeJII.CKo}i IIpaK'I'lIKe . 28

oo
Ovepx mpemuii, Il canto sospesQ) JlYH,lDKH HOHO 30
3aKJl1ollenue 50
rJIABA 2. COHOpm<'. Anearopaxa 51
Ouepx vemeepmuu. <<PeKBUeM II Lux aeterna ,nLep,I:Vl.JlBrem 51
Owepx nnmuil. Tpa C11IXOTBOpellIDl Anpa Mmno BHTOJJb.n;a
JboToCJIaBCKOrO 64
Ouep iuecmoii. Dies iraeKmanrrodia Jlcancpertsoro 77
rJIABA 3. <I>oPMYJILHBa KOMITO'"""" Kapnxanna Illroxxayaeaa 93
O"pK eeobMou. ,<HeBH,l(IIMI.Ie Xopsr Hemeepeana CBETAl> Kapnxarma
Illroxxayseaa c 93
tIACTI> BTOPAH. Pycexaa XOpOBIUI mrreparypa III
Oaepx 60CbMOU. Xoposoe TBOpQCCTBO 3.D;HcoHa )];eHHcoBa III
Ouepx oe6Rmblii. Illaarsc, KOHIJ;epT rom CMem8HHOrO xopa Ha
enOB' Tparopa Hapexana 136
O"pK oecsmuii. Tencps scerna CHerID> CO,pHH ry6aii.Llymmoil 145
Oxepx OOUHUGOllambzii. PO.D;HOH Illczrpaa. XOpOBWl M}'3EdKa no
H. C. Jlecxosy 3aneQaTJIemn.m aaren 153
Ouep oeenaouamu. Stabatmater Aneseiapa K,pOMaDOB' 159
Saianouenue. Mocsoscxae HCnOJIHHTe.r.m HODoH XOPOBOH My.3LIICH XX sexa 169
CIIHeoK coxpamcaa 184
Cnosaps TepMHHOB 185
Contents 190
Author's note 191

IIpeOUCJIOBUe
)J;orrnre ro)l;I>l aanpera HOBoA M}'3hIKB B POCCHB 3a,nepJKa.n:H ee H3yqeHBe ua He
CKOJIl>KO .n;ecHTKOB ner. II rrosrosry ce-rac, Ha napore XXICTOlIenIK, acnonaeaae
eOBpeMCHHOH M}'3hIKB (D qaCTHOCTII, XOpOBLIX C011HHcmtii) no-npexacesy BLI3LIBaeT
MHOiKeCTBO BOnpOCOB, CWI3amn.IX e QCBOeHHCM coapeaeaaoro M}'3LIKaJILHOro X3bIK3..
Pacmapeaac cnexrpa BLIIH13HTeJIl,HOCTH II DpHCMOB HCII01meBIDI B xopc CO
nposeac e pa3BHTIleM :El YClIO)I(HeHBeM KOMU03HTOpCKHX TeXHB:K. HOBw:r My.3bIKa
XX aexa, npe):lCTaBIDnOIIJ;aJI .llJUI XOpOBOro HCnOJIHHTe.1ll,CTBa oco6yro CIIO)KBOCTh,
rrpaxraxecxa HC BXO,D;HT B pencpryap MHomx XOpOB KaK B POCCIm, TaK H aa py6e
iKOM. Ji 3HaKOMCTBO acnonaareaea (XOpOBbIX ,ll;BpIDKepOB, neanoa) H KOMII03HTOpOB
e H3npaBJIeHWIMH Pa3BlITHJl COBpeMCHHOro XOpOBOro IIIICbMa MO:>KeT, Bo-nepBLIX,
3anOJIHHTL B H3yt1CHmf XOpOBOH nareparypsr, a BO-BTOpblX,
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aeaa, a TIUOKe 3aTParnBaKYICSI BOrrpOCLI, xacaromaecs HX HCnOJIHeHIDl. Bcnencraae
P33HOPO,ll;HOCTH aHaJm3HpyeMI.IX C01JlffieH:Hii ft CBJl3aHHhIX C BHMII npofinesr, B p33
HOH: crcrremr OCBeIIJ;eHBbIX B My3:&IKOBe,lJ;llecKoH mrreparypc, B DX paCCMOtpeHHH Ha
MepeHHO He .neJIaeTCH YHHcP:m<.aIJ;IDI. B KIDKJlOM H3 npeJJ.CTaBJIeHHLIX C01JHBcHHii .BbI
ztensrcrca BaJKHI:,Ie npo6neMbI, T3KHM 06pa30M B PaKYPce HX aHaJIH3a ezra
m.Iii: npHHT(HII ue
Kaara COCTOliT M3 JJ,BYX l:J:acTeii: nepaaa - nocssmeaa XOpOBOMY TBOpYJCCTBy 33
py5e)l(lll,lX KOMn03RTOpOB, BTOpaJI- pyccsax. B -rpcx rnasax nepao l:J:aCTH....:..
3apy6e)l{HWI XOpOBaJI nareparypa - conepscarcs OYJCpKll o XOpOBLIX COl:J:HHeHRllX,
HarmCaHHIiIX B cneayronrax TeXHHKax: ,o'
l. ,!{olleKaq,oHIDl. Cepanocrs. CepHaJThHOCn;
2. COHopHKa. Anearopasa;
3. (f)0PMYJIbHa1I KOMD03HUID1.
XOT.s npenneraexaa xaara nocBHIIJ;eHa MY3bIKe BTOpOi1: IIonOBmu.I XX sexa, B
IICpBOA l:J:aCTH c.n;enaio 0$0 HC crrysaaoe HCKJIIO"tJ:emre: 1 rnaaa Hal:J:HHaerc.s C aaa
nasa XOpO'bIX npoaaaeneaa A. (1883-1945). Jro c.lI3aHO, rrpeene scero,
C TeM, l:J:T0 TBOpl.feCTBo senaxoro npe.n;cTaBHTeJUl HOBOBeHCKOH IIIKOJIM OK33ano
5 QlfEPKH no COBPEMEHHoR XOPQBoR nJ.ffEl'ATYPE
C:HJThHei:i.mee B.JIIDiHHe Ha MeH M}'3l>IKam.HOH: KOMTI03IIqHH BTOpOn IIOJIOBHHf:,I XX
aexa, H noTOM}' paCCMOTpeHHe Be6epHOBCKHX ootrnHeHHH Ba:lKHO ,llJIJl nOHHMaHIDI
MHonrx aoaenrax KOMl103IDlHOHHb1X np06JIeM. B noenenyromae oxepxa :3TOR rna
BbI BXO)J;llT aBa.JlH3 XOpOB1lIX npoassezreaaa JI. HOHo H 11. Crpasaaexoro ,l(O,l(eKa
4>oHHoro rrepaona
1
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,!( .JImeTH. B. JIroroerr8BCKOTO II K. Tleanepenxoro. B 3 rnaae aHa..JIH3HPyercH O)l;HO
npoaseeneaae K. IIIToKXay3ena, rrperreraansronree eo60R eonepmeaao
nm KOMII03m:n:IH.
Bropas -raers KHHrH - Pyecxaa XOpoBaJI JIHTepaTYPa - eOCTOHT H3 mlTII osep
,
KOB, B KOTOpbIX paccxarpaaasorca xopossre OO'tIHHeHIDI HeKOTOpbIX eOBpeMeHHb1X
poceHiicI<ID< KOMII03HTOfOB - 3. ',!\eBBcoBa, A. Illaarxe, C. fy6aiiJlYmmoii, P. mell
paaa H A. Kapasraaoea . HeCM01pH Ha O'lleBHJJ;H}'IO .o:a4>4>epeHIJ;HpOBaHHOCTh H He
exozcecrs TBOp'llecKHX MeTO,l(OB 3THX aBTOpOB
J
npe,l(CTaBJImOIIJ;HX p83JIH1nll,Ie TeH
,l(eHIJ;HH MOCKOBeKOR KOMll03HTOpeKOR IlIK01ThI, B HX XOpOBOM TBOpqecTBe MOJKHO
BLI.llCJIHTh 06IIJ;He aeprsr. Bee OBB H.3)"laJIR Hoayro M}'3h!KY XX sexa (OT B
TOM XOpOB}'IO, no rro-paaaoxy Hen01Th30Ban;H ,l(OCTIDKeHIDl: rexaax KOMD03H
IJ;HH XX CTOJIeTIDI (pasnaxasre HenOJIHHTeJThCKHe npHeMl:J, B TOM 1IHCJIe Sprechge
sang, eepllHmilli npaamm opraaasanaa MaTepHana, rrpasseaeaae 3JIeMeHTOB cono
pmrn H aneeropaxa, H T. n.), JKalIpl>I XOPOBOH M)'3LIKH 3; ,!(eHHeoBa, A. J1IHHTKe,
C. fy6a.ii;:{yJIHHOB:, P. Illenpaaa H A. Kapaxaaoaa HMelOT ,lI;Ba oeHOBHI:.1X aanpaarre
HH.lI: K nepaoeey OTHOCHTCJI npoaasezteaas, paccaaranmre Ha KaMepHOe acrromra
1'eJIDCTBO, aarrpaxep, BOKam.IIE.Ie KOTOpI:iIe, O)l;HaKO, B03MOJKHO RCnO.JIH.ll'Th
XOpOBl>IM KOillIeIcrH:BOM (y ):{eHHCOBa H fy6a.ii.n;ymmoii), KO BTOP0M)' - ccsanesas, B
KOTOpl>1X onrymaercs BJIIDIHHe 'rpanarraji 60JThlIDlX. pyccxax XOpoB (y Kapasraaoaa, a
TaIOKe y Illaarxe H Illezrpaaa, nonyaaamax, nOMHMO KOMD03HTOpCKOTO, xoposoe
M)'3LIKaJIhUOe 06pa30BaHHe). B 3aKJI1OQeHHH sropoa xacra xaara MLI npaaomoa Ma
repaansr o aexoropsrx MoeKOBCKlIX XOpoB1lIX xonnexraaax, B penepryape KOTOpbIX
npoxaoe MeCTO 3aIDIJm coapeaeaasre xoposste CO'llHHeHIDl.
B KOHIl:e KaJK)l;Oro osepxa npHBO):VITCJI cnucsu XOp06b1X couuueuuii KOMII03HTO
pOB, a Ta.IOKe peKOMelloyeMaJl numepamypa. HOTHI:iIe nplfMep:EJ3 nOMeII\eIIE.I nOCJIe
xaacroro osepxa. B KOHIl:e KHlIT'H JJ;aeTCJI CIIllCOK HCnOJII.30BaHHl>IX B HeB: eoxpame
HIlH, a T8IOKe - CJIOBapb TepMHHOB.
3a paMKaMH oxepxoa ,l(amIoii KHm'H OeTa..JIBCb MHome aarepecmae xopoasre 00
qaaeHHll, HBDpHMep, A. O. Meecaaaa, n. ,!\aJIJIaIIHKKom.r, R. Keeaasaca,
II. EYJIC3a, E. A. 1(nMMepMaHa, H. KapeTHHKOBa, A. BOJIKOHeKOro, A. I1lIpTa,
B. MapThIBOBa H npyrax aBTOpoB, 6e3yCJIOBHO, pacIIIBpJUOlIlI:Ie H
06IIJYlO xaprasy M}'3:blKH XX eTOJIeTWI. II MLI aaaeeacs, lITO npOH3Be,l(eHIDI
,ll1UI xopa, He aomezmrae B .D;a.HHYJO pa60TY cenac, B KOHD;e 90-x ronoa XX aeaa, 6y
JJYr paCCM01peHI:iI B erre,l()'101D;HX ovepxax no COBpeMeHHOB: XOpoBOn JIHrepaIYPe )')Ke
B aOBOM, XXI eroneraa,
,
Tax kale paccaarpaaaeaoe B KHHre CO'lHHeHHe 11. CtpaBHHCKOro oraocarca K ne
pHOJ{}' TBOp'leCTBa KOMII03HI'Opa, cseps o HeM BKJIIO'IeH B nepayro 'laCTb f\RHC'H.
2 MItom BWKIIOi1 H rroneaao HH410pMaL(HH o XOpOBOM raopsecrae aexoropsrx zrpyrax COBpeMeH
HLIX pyCCKHX KOMn03HTOpOB, aHaJIH3 KOTOpOro He BXO,/IHT B zeeesre O'lepKH (aanpaaep, XOPOBaH: M)'
3LIf\a I', CBHpH.a;OBa), CO,ltep)KHTC.II B pRJJ:e CepLe3HbIX M}'JLlKOBe,l{'leCXHX rpynoa. CM., CJIe,D;ylO1UHe pa
60ThI: TpieopeeeaT' B, PyCCf\aJI: XOpOBa.II M}'3l:dka 1970- 80-x roaca. - M., 1991; Ilaucoe Kl. H. CO
BpeMeHHaJI: pyccxaa XOpOBaJI: M}'3\\Ka (1945-80): O'IepKH acroprra H TeOpHH: HCCJIe.o:OBaHHe. -
1991, a TlUOKeMHOrO'lHCJIeHHLIe ny6JIHKaUHH B raaerax H r)'pHaJlax.
l Hexoropsre HOTHLIe npm.repLl BTOpO:l:t 'laCTH KHHIiI rrpaaozrsrca aa aaropcxax pyxorracasrx nap
nnyp Q:!:eHHCOB, I.1.hum<e, KapaMaHOB).

npFJ(HCJ10BHE
6
Kaara COBpeMeBHaJI XOPOB3JI M)'3LIKa: TeOpU H HCnOJIHeHHe HaIIIIC3Ba ua oc
HOBe KaH,llH,D;aTCKo:R naccepranaa, BIillIOJIHeHHOii asropoa na ,llHpWKepcKO-XOpOBOM
$aKYJIbTeTe MOCKOBCKOii rocynapcrsessoa xoacepsaropaa HMeBH n. M. llaHKOB
CKOro non P}'KOBOJJ;CTBOM lCaH,1tH,llarn HCxyCCTBOBeJ(elIIDl. nonema B. C. Ileaosc.
ABrop HCKpeHHe npaanarenea B. C. Ileaoso sa 6oJll:,IJIYIO nOM0IItb B cosnaaaa II
nOJ(rOTOBKe KHHI'H x rresara.
ABTOp BL1pWKaeT T8IOKe rrry60K}'lO 6naro.n;apHOCTL sa npenocraaneaae MHornx
M8TepHanOB II conecrsae B p a o r e Han xaaroa PYKOBOJtlITeJOO Kaxepaoro xopa
MOCKOBCKoll KOHcepBaTOpHH, 3aBel\YIOmeMY I\HPIDKepcKo-xopoBOll KaljJe)lJloii MrK,

rrporpcccopy E. F, TeBJmHy, rrpoljJeccopy E. H. KyJIHI<oBy, ilOKTOPY acxyccraosene
HHll, npotpeccopy 10. H. XOJIOrroBy, npopcxropy rro HByqHO-TBop'lecKoll p a o r e
MrK, ilOKTOPY HCKYCC1ll0BelleHHJl, rrpoljJeccopy A. C. COKOJIOBy, XYilOlKCCTBeHHOMY
PYKOBOJlllTelIIO AxaJleMllH XOpOBOTO HCKYCcraa, rrpoljJeccopy B. C. Ilonosy, npopex
ropy 110 HayqHOH p a o r e B xoanepraoa ,lJ;eRTeJILHOCTH .Axa,z:(eMHH xoposoro HCxyC
CTB8, KaRroVJ:aTY HCKYCCTBOBe.n,eHIDI A. T. Tesocsay, xy.n;O:)KecTBeHHoMY PYKOBO,llH
remo Focynapcrseano CHMcI>OmJIIecKOH aK3,lleMJlllecKoii KaneJIJIbI POCCml
J
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pa E. n. Pacraopoao, l\HPeKTopy HnC1lflYI"B K. IIIToKXaY3eHB (POCCIDI)>>
M. T. IIpoCHJlKOBy H C. C. KPhIJIBTOBOii.
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r JIABA 1. ,IJ;OJ\EKA4>OHIDl. CEPIlJiHOCTL. CEPHAJ1LHOCTL
Ouep nepeuu.
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3a:HCU2QlOtqaR MOJ/HUll 3ICU!JHU yoapuna us o6JZmcQ CIlO
Ba. 30 NeU cneayem epou, yiJap cepi}JlQ, nOKa OH He
pacmaopumcx 6 uupe...
X. ROBe
Conpaxacascs C MY3"",oii Aaroaa (1883-1945), Ml>I nOlpYJKBeMCH B
oc061>lii sayxoao MBP - MBP KpHCTaJThHIoIii, HCKplilllJl/lCH BceMa lpaHHMH CpeACTB
BL1pa3HTeJThHOCTH: rapMOHHH, TeM6pOB, .n;Im8MHKH, apTIlKYnm::J;IIH, a TalQKe
pHMO-yrofflleHROH Meno.n;mcH. Ilpa 6JIIDKaihneM paccaorpeaaa Be6epHoBcKHX COl:JJI
Hemdi He nepecraenrs OIT01JHeM nerarre, - KaJK,IJ:aJI HOTa napra
TYPLI )l(HBeT csoea HaCMID;eHHOH, CKoHIJ;eHTpRpoBaHHOH JKH3HbEO. TIo 06pa3HOMy
Bb1pIDKeHmO nYHJOKH HOHO,' o.n;mr 3BYJC Be6epaa - 3TO CBepHYIIDl Meno,lJ;ID1 IIIy
6epTa.
npexpacao 3HaJI cnellH<!>mcy xopa (OH pa60TaJI xopMeiicrepoM
neBQeCKOrO 061>e,ZJ;HHeHIDI Beasr e 1923 no 1934 ron), reM CaMI:JM KaJ( 6LI npO.n;OJDKIDI
rpaaanaa BeJIHKBX KOMIT03HTOpOB npomnoro, xoropsre 6hlJIH O,u;HOBpeMeHHO Ka
nensaecrepasra H lIeBllaMll, - :it Oxereua, Jl(ocKeHa ):leupe, O. Jlacco, H. C. Baxa,
:it Fanaa, H. Bpassca H MHOrnx APyrHX. B CBOHX XOpOBLIX CO'lHHeHHJlX, B qaCTHO
CTH, B rpex xaararax op. 26. 29 H 31, C O,IJ;HO:i{ CTOpOHM, 6e3Y
rrpeaaoe ronocoaenesae, .HJ(yIJl;ee OT HH)lepJIaB,IJ;CKHX MacrepOB, a C .upyroH - npas
BOCHT B Tp3,lJJ:IIJ;HOBH1lIe epOPMlir CBOIO )IGIB)'IO, OCJl'3aeM)'lO HHTOB8I(HIO, H)J;j'IIQ'!O OT
CeMaJlT.RKlI rrosrasecxoro CJIOBa H HH,L(HBH,ll)'aJIbBOro nperrOMJIemur H.1teA HOBOBeB
CKOj{ IDKO.lIbI. BaJKHO OTMeTIIT&, lITO see xaararsr Ha..IDICaHLI Ha CTHXlI MaJlOH3BeCT
Holl nrapoxo aymrropHH aaerpHiicRoii 1I03TeCCId Xansnerapn MOHe (1891-1963),
1J:bJl n033ID1 B306HJIYer JlPICHMH 'CJyBCTBelIlWMlI 06pa.3aMB.
Coseraaae HCTOpH"leCKHX MY3DIKaJILHDIX epOpM B KpHCT3JIJIH30BaHHO'tt
HH'fOnaIUm B pesynsrare nano HOBLm MHP - MY3IdKJ KOTOpax no cea .n;eHL
OKa3LIBaer BJIIDIBlIe Ba pa.3BHTHe MY3bIKaJIbHOrO RCKYcCTBa. B T::facTHOCTH, B XOpOBOii.
My3:E:dKe BTopOH nonoaaasr XX CTOneTBJI B03.n;e'ttCTBRe 01p83RnOCL B
cneJJYlOlIleM: Bo-nepBLIX, B H36pa..HIIH II033HD MaJIO:a3BeCTHI.IX aBTOpOB, BO-BTOpLIX,
B npHMeBeBHH MeJIO.n;DKH C onopoH Ba reMHTOHHylO 3Byx.OBblComyro CUCTeMY, H B
rpersax, B HCn0JTh30Ba.HIDI rroJIHepoHH3l1poBaHHo-rapMoHH1IecKOH XOpOBOii:
PL], B KOTOpOH aepraxans MO)Ker npe06pa30BRThCJl B ropU30BTaJIL H Ba060pOT.
TPH KaRTaThI A. op. 26, 29 H 31 Ha CJIOBa X. :AoHeHaIIHCaHId B 1I0ClIeA
Bee .n;eCJITHJleTHe GI3HH KoMh03HTOpa B MOryr CJIYXGlTh xapaxrepasns 06pa3UOM ero
apenoro TBOpqeCKOrO CTIlIDJ. ITo cnoaass 3. B. ,AeHHCOB8, nepeans' Ha )lBeHa.nn;am
O'fEPK nY6h/H 8
TOHOB}'IO TeXHHKY, Be ocymecraan xanecraeaacro CKR'[{1(R B KOMII03BTOp
CKOR 3BOJIlQD;IIH. o. Oa HC yrepan BlNero B3 3aBOeBaHllOfO HM panee, a nams a1JB.CTHJI
B 6om.meii CTeneRH crans OT Beera cnysaaoro a HeJ!OrHtIHorO}) '.
TIeHHe. (QKHBaJl BlITOlIaIlIDl Monma .lIBJUleTCH DCBOROH BOKaJn.HL1X. H XOpOBDIX
C01IBHCHRH Be6epaa. <OI tDITaJI Y Ilnaroaa, 'lITO cnoso ROMOC" (3aKOB) 03HaQarrO
TalOKe ''MeJlO,UIDl. - TaKBOT. MeJIO..o;mr. rryCTh 6y,l{eT 3aKQHOM. (HOMOCOM)]1JlJl acero,
rrro eme nocnenyer! - micaJI KOMD03H1'Op2,
Menonaxa OC06M; OHa cym;eCTBeHI!O o'rnanaercs OT TOHaJIbHLIX Merro
.UIDl MaJI(OpRO-MHHOpHOH raPMOHlNeeKol! CHere..... Tax, HaITpHMep, nOJIyTOH (y
,.. Mem.meBBWI oICTaBa) lIJlJ.J 6om.mWl ccrmosa .lIBJOOOTCX B Hell C3MLlMH finaroasys
HDIMH HBTepBaJI8MII o CTpOCHHH MeJlO,ll;IDCH Be6epaOBCKHX. KalITaT CM.
aMee).
,[(ciiCTBHTem.Ho, .rwr 3CTeTHKH 3BYKoBblcomoi:i CUCTeMDr Be6epaa 3KcnpeCCHBHaJI
1paKTOBKa ,lUICCOHaHca KaK MOMeHTa aanp1DKeRIDl CMeIDIeTCX ROBLIM nonxonosc
8MeCTO JJ;Byxe1)'IIeHHoil: rpenarraa (KOBCOHaHc-,IJ;HCCOH31IC) nosansercs rpananaa
COHaHeOB, TO ecrs C03Byq:HH, cosepmemro nameaasrx "KOH" u ",IJ;He" B CMIdeJle sere
TWICCKOH lIX npoTIlBonOJIOJICHOCTID>. TaKHM 05Pa30M, ,IJ;HCCOHaHC:bI C1aHOBJITCJI se
reraneexa OIITHMa.m.m.IMID>3.
HCCJIe.n;OBareJIH TBOpl:IecTBa orsresaior mo6om.rrm.rlf: IICHXOJlOI"J1rtIecmH.
!fleaoMea: KOMII03HTOP, npoCTaBIDVl XpOHOMerpIDK CBOHX eo1IHBeHHH,
IIO'lfl'H BJ(BOe B 66m.m:yro CTOPOH)'4. Hanpaxep, BpeMJI HCDOJllleHIDI IIepBoH KaHTaThI,
0603Hal:IeHHoe. B naprarype, - 20 MHHyI', Q.u;Ha:KO Ha .CaM.OM AeJIC KaRTaTa
3B}"IlIT He 60JIee 10 MHHY1' tB HenOJIHeHlm noa ynpaaaeaaea Kpa<j>Ta - 6', a
IIOA yrrpaanerraeec Flsepa EYJle3a - 8'). IIpHtIHHa 3TQro - Heo6:DPJaHHWI CM!:J.CJIOBWI
HaCbIII\eHliOC'I'I. KIDK,lI;Oro ssysamero MOMema ero My3LOO!, n03TOMY
cosaaeaas npa npOCJIYIIIHBalUIH HJIH npa asyseaaa naprarypsr KIDK)'TCSI acerna
,I:(IDlDJ.HMB:CH 60JThlIIHH BpeMeHH, qeM B .n;eHCTBHTeJThHOCTH.
Kaumama Das Augenlicht (<<CBeT rnas) .n;mr CMemarmoro xopa II opzecrpa
op. 26. Ha.n:HCaHBasI B 1935ro.IlY, liMena aacroxura ycnex npa rrepsoer acrrorracaaa
B HIORe 1938 rona non YIIpaBJleHHeM r.llIepxeHa (xop H opxecrp EH-EH-CH) Ha
<PcCTHBane Mezazryaapozraoro M)l3hIKH E Jloanoae, :ho O)(Ba H3
JIHpIAecKHX. BepIIIHH TBopqeCTBa QeJIOCTHOCTb M)'3LIKam.HOii: KOM
II03HUHH. B:E.>I)l;ep>KaBHoii: B lJYXe xoposoro nonmpoaasecxoro MOTeTa crpororo era
ns, OTPIDKaeT JIHpHtIecK)'lO yroaseuaocrs, HeJKHOCTb CTHXOB MOHe. Do.n;CTpolffiDIi:l
nepeson rrosrasecsoro TeKCTa
S:
CK603b pacxptamue nawu ZJlQ3a cmpyumcn ceem 6 cepoue,
H KaK KOpOmKClJl pabocmsneemcs HQ3aO u3 nezo.
B32JlJlO ucmollaem 60JlbWe, lIeM. n.ponUKaem 6 Hezo.
Hmo KOZOa ZJlQ3Q ussyuaiom esem?
Heumo nopasumensnoe n]JU36C111bl onu JUJumb nOM:
uma ZJly6Ullbl IleJl.OeelleCKoU o}'Wu ynoootiunuc He6y.
I ".
J(eRucof13. B. BapHattHH op. 27 JtJLll: lj)QpTeJIH3HO A. II J(eNucof13. CoSpeMeHH8lI M)'31>1
Ka fl aaomomra KOMIt03HTOpcKoil: rexnasa, - M., 1936. - C. 168.
2 Be6epH A. JJeKLUUI o M)'3l>lXe. llHebMa. - M., 1975. - C. 118.
3Xanonoea B. H., Xanonoe Kl. H. AHTOH -M., 1984. - C. 257.
4J(eHuco(J3. B. I.Vrr. co'!. - C. 169.
, ITepeBoJJ: e HeMe1JJ(OR, B. r. Taupamo-Kypeua. no: KOK.OpeBa D. M KaHTaU.l: A. Be6epna ll.
'lpa.r:tHU;lfH xopoao Kym'lypl>I XV - nepso nO.1IOBHHLI xvm aexa II MoexoBcI<HI't M)'3IJKosen.
Ban, l.-M. 1990.
9 TPK KAlif'ATh! AHIOHA BEDEPHA
Cmone MH02036YIIHOMY, lima HOIIb npoceemnena.
T60ux ZJly6UH COKp06U14a, otipemenuue OHeM,
3a6upaem cuepms He3aMemHO C
OOHaKO u3 ee 6e300HHO MpallHblX ZJly6UH
Cnpo6y::coeHUeM OHJl, nOOHU!Aa1014eZO C60U l1eKU,
Bcnnueatom 6 H060M 63ZJlJloe uuoeue
113mUM OH cmaH06UmCR eZlfe npeKpaCHee.
Ilepeax xanmama op. 29 nepsoaasamao 3a.zorMLmaJIacL KaK BTOP85l: CHMepOHIDI
ana pen CHMilJOHHH C BOKilJILBoil naprae. CTHXaMI:I HOBe, Be6epn, B
KOHI:J;e KOHll.OB, cosnan 'IpexqaC'1'HllIH IJ;H1CJI rom CMCmaHBoro xopa, conpaao H opxe
crpa KaHTaTLI (1938-39 IT.). O nponccce ee CO'll<HeHWl KOMII031ITOP
IIo.n;p06BO nacan B IIHCLMax K X. tiOBe H H. X)'MTIJIHKY (M}')KY n03TeCCLI, aasecrao
MY B Beae CKyJILIITOpy).
Hasan OH pa60TY CO II qaCTH, C eMY TeKCTa Ma
nensxoe JqlLImillllKO (corrpano COJIOR opxecrp), Ilcpeeon TeKCTa II xacra:
'MQJleHbKOe xpunsnaxo xnenoeoeo CeMeHU,
Tu napUZUb u ,KpY:JJCUZUbeR. eempou.
Tbl 6eOb HeU3MeHHO 63e.MJl1O.
Depeii:;tiI K. I qaCTH, HCn0JIL30Barr He seci, nepBOHa'l8.JII>BO B3'l'I1id1 reKCT
CTHXOTBOpeHIDl (no CJlOBaM aBTOpa- ilJopMa aaoro) H
asen imCTpYMeRTaJILHLIe P33.ueJILI (BC'I)'IIJIeBlIe, arrrepxeaaa Me)f(,lfj' BTOPOH H
rpersea, 3aTeM rperse H sersepro C'IpOKaMH H saxmosenae). <t>opMa I qacm
3IDKHra1Oll(aJI MOJIHID! :lKH3HH... - rrecerraas, qen.Ipe C'IpOKH -rexcra 06P33yroT
CTJl0<jJy: 1 CTPoKa- IT. 14-17,2 CTJlOKa- IT. 18-22,3 CTJloKa- IT. 26-29 H 4 cTJlO
Ka-IT. 32-35.
3aKolAHB ill sacrs, KOMIl03HTOP IllicaJI o Beil: P33YMeeTCJl, ,"Chariten"
["rpaIJ;HH"] C'IpOHTCJl Ha TOB )Ke rrOCJIe.uOBareJILBOCm naeaaanara TOROB... 'lT0 H
06e JlP}'THe sacra; ... oco6eHHOCTh sroro pana B TOM, lITO sropsie mecrs TOHOB no
HHTepBaJI8M npe.uCTaBIDIIOT C060H npomU6006u:JK:eHUe 06pa14eHWl nepBLIX meCTII,
TaK 'tITO B KOHellHOM csere BCe BLIBO)J)iTCg M3 nOCJIe.uOBaTeJ!LnOCTH UJ.ecmu' mOH06.
Bee epesa mO::JJCe CaMoe... 11 TeM He MeHee 3'1'0 Ka:JICobri1.ptl3 nevmo C06CeM UHoe!I.
JIro60IILITHO. -rro epOPMY ill qaCTIiI KaBTaTbI CaM onpenenaer KaK qen.I
pexronocrryro ,IJ;Boimyro ilJyry. Ho, no ero CJIOBaM
J
<<):(06J1TI,cg B 3TIIX )f(eCTKHX pasr
sax nOJIHOH CB060,lJ;b1, TaK, lIT06LI O KaICOM-1IH60 orpaaaseaaa He MOrJIO 6LITL H pe
'IH, 6LIDO He JIerKO. B HTQre n01I)"lIDIocL eme H aesro COBepmeHHO aaoe:
pasaoe cxepno, nocrpoeaaoe aa sapaanasx. 11 Bee)Ke 3TO ilJyra!2.
Kmoseasre CTPOKH ill sacra (IT. 49-72):
1160Jlee tineonue mO::JJCe nnaueuetom nepeo nellamblO cnexmpa.
Tpauuu, oQJlHWl netiec: paoocms uunocepousl
OHU npUXOORm 6 meMHome emaH06R14eMYC.R cepouy KaK poea coeepiuencmea.
3aKOfflIeHH85l: naprarypa Ilepao KaRTaTbI BLIrIDJJteJIa HaCTOJILKO aCKeTIJ1IHO fi
'lITO BHCIIIHHH BR,ll ee 6LUl He06LP1ea.uIDICe rODil cassoro asropa.
B nexnasx <dlYTL K HOBon M'j3bIKe (1933) '1acTO ysassrsan Ha aeno
3.
cpe.uCTBeHHj'IO CBR3L .uO.ueKaepOHHH co crapasaoa II01IHilJoHHeil B sacrsocra, B
IIepBoH KaRTaTC '3TY CBH3L He TOJILl{O epOPMLI qacreH, HO H HCnOJ!L
A. I.Vrr. CO\(. - C. \lO.
TaM )KC. - C. 111.
3 O CBSDH xaetar C nOJlH4'oHHeA. crpororo CTlUlJI CM. B IJ;HT. saure crane
n. M. Koxopeao.
O'lEPKflEPBJJR 10

I
I
I
30BaHHe pHTOpWIeCKHX 4JHI'YP (06pa30B, K3pTHH TOro, no sasmcseac B OTJleJThHOM
GnOBe, He3aBHCHMO OT nenoro), Hanpaxrep, <<3a:JfCUZalOtqaR MOJlHUR cusuu
u3 06nQKa CJlOfIQ (<<2undender Lichtblitz des Lebens sehlug ein aus der Wo/ke des
Wortes)): MOJlH'UR (Lichtblitz) - aKIl.eHTHpobaH:HDIe CK3tIKH BHH3. ;NCU3llU (des
Lebens) - mapoxae CK31JKH na legato B MeJIO,ZJ;HH y corrpano - BHB3, aarex aeepx;
YOl1JlWla (seh/ug) - aKI1em H C<j>0PIl8H,llo. {{['pOM, yoap ce . ({{Donner, der
Herzschlag) - -rpeTbH CTJl0J<a 3B}"lliT a cappella: ZpoM (Donner) - aJ<llellTHpoBllHHoe
j, cepouo (der Herzseh/ag) - p, nplI'ieM B M)'lI<CI<HX ronocax np....easercx <j>H
rypa cycrraparras (suspiratio) - npoaaaeceaae cnoros O,IJ;Horo enona sepea naysy,
m.mmpyH B31\OX(I qaCTh, T. 28):
der I Herz- I seh/ag
Bmopas xaxmama op. 31 Ha cnoaa Mone)tIDt conpaao, 6aca, cssemaaaoro xopa fi
opxecrpa s- HOCJICl\Hee npOH3BeI\CHHe (1941-43 IT.). OHO 3ll,l1yMblBa1IOCb
KaK MHoro1:JaCTHaJI oparopaa ]lIDl xopa, COJI:HCTOB ft opxecrpa, O C01:JllHeHRB: raxoro
TIDI3 Pa3Ml>lllIJULJI eme e 1930 rona no C03,IJ;3IIIDI csoero nepsoro rrpoasaezte
HHH Ha enesa MOHe (TpH IIeCHH /lID! ronoca H <j>0PTCilllllHO Op. 23). OH
CXCMY KaHTaTLI e XOpOM H COJIHCTaMH (corrpano fi .6aplITOH). B xasecrse
TeKCTa KOMII03HTOP )'Ka3bIBaeT Ha Kyrie H Christe B Meccax H narapyer enesa ID
panae I<aHTaThI H. C. Baxa Actus tragieus (BWV 106): Gottes Zeit ist die allerbeste
Zeit (,<Emme BpCMH - JIY'IIIlee apexs).
B xanrare op. 31 mecrs qacreil, HO pa60Ta1I H aan ce)JpMoil. Bero 3CKH
38X OCTaJIHCJi, Ha6poCKH Ha OCHOBe roa )l(e cepaa, He aomenmae B COllHHeHHe. CBa
qana 6LIJIH cosnaasi I, N, V H Vl sacra, sarex n-K H III-jJ. KOMll03HTOP mrmer 28
snaapa 1944 rona X. HOHe mICLMO, B KOTapOM ecrs rasne CTpOKH: Foroasae mecrs
qaCTeH xaararsr 06Pa3j'lOT 3QK01l-I..JeH1I-Oe MY3blKaRbHOe 'ZfeJZoe! .SI em;e HeMHoro DOKO
HO nOTOM OKOEJqaTeJn.HO peIlIWI COCTaBHTh ID 3THX roTOBI:JX qac'reH
"xarrrary", Mae npRI1IJIOCL JmIITh npOH3BecTH nepeCT3JIOBKY... ID M)'3LI
Ka..JlLHbIX ... H B arrrcpecax CBH3HOCTH rexcra - B reneps JI ,n::OBOJIeH pe
3YJILTaTOM BO scex OTHOmeHID1X.
Teneps nOCM0"IpH nocneaoserensaocrs qa.cTeH:. He KaJKerClI JlH re6e, lfl'O y MellH,
B C)'IIl:HOCTH) nonysnnacs "missa brevis"? I1TaK:
1. "Schweigt auch die Welt. .." ["Mup MO.JNHT"]... - qeMero He "Kyrie"?
n. "Sehr tief verhalten..." ['Tqy6oJ<o cJ<P= BHYTJleHHHlI ""'3Hb"]... - COOTBeT
crsyer "Gloria"!
m. "Sch6pfcn aus Brunnen des Himmels..." ["'lepIIaH H3 HCTO'lHHI(a aefiec"]. ..
paaae 3TO HC "Credo"?
N. "Leichteste BUrden der Baume" ["TIeI"'lIaH:mHe HOnnInepesses"]...
u mym ce
V. "Freundselig ist das Wort" ["TIpHBerJlHBO enoao"] ... - 3TO Im He "Benedictus"
_H "Sanctus"? ..
-
H HaKOHen;:
VI "Gelockert aus dem Schosse" ["OcB060)f(,l1eHHI:Ji:i - "Agnus Dei"...
Mne orrpenencaao KaJKeTCJI) 'lfr0 B MoeM eCTL CBH3L.
B KaHTaTe "IpHllaCTH COJn.HLle H"IpHxopossre:
I Hnxacra - cono 6aca Hopxecrp,
IV sacn, - ""f.0 conpano H opxecrp,
l Be6epH A. UKr. CO'l. - C. 126.
II 1'PHKAHTA1J,r AmoHA BEliEPHA
III qacn. - JKeacKJtii XOp, COnpaHO II opxecrp,
V qacn. - cMemaHHF.Jtj KOp, conpaao, cspanaa-obligato R opxecrp,
VI qaCTh - CMemaHHbJii XOp II OpKecIP.
1UrrepecHl>IM npaaepoes CB'I3H .n;O.n;eKa<llOHlIO:H TeXImlClil CO CTaPHHHOH XOPOBOH
M}'3blKOH .HB1U1eTC.K VI qacn. BTOPOH KaRTaThI. Ee napnrrypa Bbrr.rrn,n;BT KaK 06p33eI\
nOJIHlpOIIHH crporcro crans, no -rersrpexronocasr KaROn BbIIIOJIHen Ha OCHOBe cc
paaoropana (Ilpassep 1). 3To CJIOJI<HaJI KOHC1p}'KIlllll He roJII,KO B OrHOmelIHH ro
nocoaeaeaax, HO R B plJ'I'MH'<IecKoii oprarrasanaa My3Lni:.aJIDHOro terera, Tessa aana
caaa B nepexesaca MeTpe:

Z.,113
0.14
LI .113 _.Jl
o
Jlo.lz 01d.1
PaTMlfqeCKHH HHTepBaJI nae .llOJIH - crporo cofononaerca, H K MO
MeHTY BC'I}'IDleHIDI scex rOlIOCOB 'y KIDK,UOro 1I3 HHX 06p33yeTC.K CBOH Merp; .lIHIJlI, B
6YJCBe B (CM. rrapTHTYPY) R B KOHIle.'I3crn Bee rOJIOca CXO,lJ,RTCSI B O,D,llOM'Merpe. 3rOT
cno)l(Bl,l}i KaBOa nOBTOpXeTCH !p1I pasa '!peM K}'Il1IeraM (KIDK,ZJPIH: pas C HO
BhIM TeICCTOM).
Ilocnensas xaarara Be6cpaa ynasansna TeM, q'I'O C03,uaIDlaJi B pasrap rparenaa
Bropoa MHPOBOH BOHm.r OHa npoaaxnyra B03BbrmeHEndM TOHOM, BhI3:LIBaeT acco
naanaa CO' crapasao apneH II XOPOBOH nOJIBlPOImelt crpororo CTHIDl, tITO aeco
MHeHHOCBMeTeJIbCTByeT o cane ,n;yxa xy.n;OJKHHK8, ae CJIOMJIeHHoro oKp}')KaBmeii
ero .n;eHCTBHTeJThHOCThIO.
PaCCMOTpBM aexoropsre Oco6elIF.lOCTH ,l:to.n;eKa410HHo}i 'rxaaa KaHTaT
KOMU03BTOP HCnOJTh3yer cepaa 1I3 12 3BYXOB, KOTopLIe aenpepsrsao II
CKR npOBOI\IIT B plI3lIH'1HbIX <jJOPM8JC P- npaxa, R -PllKOXO/l; 1- anaepcas, Rl
paKOXOAHaJI HHBepCHH (CM. UpHMepu 10, 3).
Ilpaaenex cepaa seeepnoecxax OrryCOB 26 'El 31j xm.pp1J IIO,n: cepIDDlB 03Bal:J9lO1'
mrrepsansr B nonyroaax (Ilpaaep 2). Tpexsaysasre cerxearsr erax cepa
Pa3H1JI no mrrepsansaoeey .CO:;TaBy. O,lJ;HaKO cneIUI.pmcy :mrTOHat:J;HORHOCTH
HOBCKHX cepHii COCTaBIDIer coseranae zrsyx TIDIOB aarepsanos - MaJIOH ceJCYH,IU>I :a:
TepUHH (MallOH B Sonsmoa): B nonyroaax - ceraeersr 1.3. H 1.4.
B CepHH xarrrarsr op. 29 OqeHL cymeCTBeHHOH .sIBIDleTC.K Me.Sl CHMMerpHH
B3aHMOCOOTBeTCTBIDt H B3aHMOOTplDKeIIRSI 3J1eMeHTOB CTpYKTYPbl: cepBiim.I::H. PM
pa36BBaerC.1I Ha ceneerrrsr no 3 H 6 3BYXOB, xoropsre c060H CHMMe1pnqffi,I
(TIpHMep 3).
B noxaaaamax CepIDIX :WlTepBa.JILHhIe KOMIIJleKCLl .n,am.:r B 'IeCHOM paenOJIOJKe
naa, 1:1 aayrpeaae HX. npOnCBaJI, MM HC 06HapYJKHBaeM 60Jl1>IImX CnO)KEIOCTeH B BH
.. B CaMHX zarrrarax cepas notITH mncqr,n;a HC B3J1ar3erCH B TecHOM
pacnOJIO:>KeIIB:::A:. 06l:Jt1HO aarepsann .n;8lOTCSl B - ManaJI cexyana 3aMeIDI
ercs 6oJII,moil cerrrasro (1 11), rep=- cexero H T. /l. Hanpaxep, op. 31, III
sacre napras conpaao II (TIpHMep 4).
Ilonyroa (HJ!J'I 6oJII,maJI cenrasa) JlBJIlleTCJl OCHOBOil HHTOHBnHH no
noMY T3KyIO rapMOBlJlIecJCYlO CHCTeMY KOMII03HTOpa aBTOP-Ll MOHorpa1}l1:m '0 ReM
npeJ],JlmKHJIH aaarzaars rCMDTOHBKOH - nOrryTOHOBoD: CBCTeMoli, B xoropoa OTJJ;enL-
I Texaaxa R:OMIl03lfiIHH Be"epHR HCCJleJ];oBaHR n;OCTaT9'IHO rronpceao. Oromnex 'IHTa:reJIll ll: ne
noM}' Q!YJ'.lI,aMemam.HLIX IJa60T Ha HeMel.l,KOM H pyCCKOM lI3WC<lX, rrpaaenesasrx, B xacmocra, B
MOHorpaepHH B. H. If 10. H. XonOHOBAIX. 3.neCb Mbl paceaarpaaaea Oco6eHHOCTH ripHMeHelUUl npaa
mrna,," no.a.ekaepOHHK B XOpOBOM tm:CbMe
. rc
O<fEJ'KREI'BbJff
12
rrsra 3ByK-::nO CaMOCTOKreJIbRaJI ezraaana'. Ilo CymeCTBY, rrpoaexonar pasaeprsr
BaHKe ,llIiCCOH3HCa no roPB30RTaJIH H no Bepm:Ka1IH. liMemo TaKOM ofipas 3ByqaO
CTH 6LI11UpHeym
I1pHHllH11 xoposo reXHHIGI B zaararax op, 26. 29, 31 OCHOBaH Ha naaeapsocra
cepIDi:m.Ix - AIDI XOpOBOH llmcryphI B :qeJ10M xepearepen-nOJmpOlffilJecJeH:H
C1CJIlUl ffilCbM. (pa3J1H'1HbIe xaaoasr, llMIITlIUHH, cj>ym). .naJKe BepTHKlllJI, nOllllcj>o
IIH'III'. CaM' XOpOBlUl cj>rocryp. HecKOJD,KO npom;c opxecrposc (WICTpy
MeRT8JIbHoii:), rne ecn, TeH,lleHIlIDl K CepHaJIH3aIJ;HH Pa3Hl:JX napaxerpos: pcracrpa,
pHlMa, ,ltHHaMllKH, apraxynsmra, TeM6pa.

BDJ.D;en:HM HeCKOJT&KO OC06eImOeTeH xoposoro mrCLMa B xaararax
1. cI>aKTYPB1>Ie ronoca Ile scerna COBIIa,!laJOT e ccpHiiB:bIMH, no B I{eJIOM T.HIIH"IHO
=I\Ol\eK.cj>omm. Hanproaep, KalITaTlI op. 29, ID aacrr., TT. 17-23. CepHilmIii PM
H3 renopa nepenaerca B BJThT H soaspamaerca B reaop; cepHifaLm PM ID 6aca nepe
naercx II ansr H 3aKaJIlIHBaercH B conpaso (Ilpaaep 5). TaKHM 06pa30M, 'DICJIO BOT B
MCJIO,ltHK orrpezrensercs CMDIcnOM, a ue qmKcupYeTCg cepHKmM
p.cnoPlUlKOM. .
2. Ha nposencsae cepaaorc pH.It3 Be accrna BJIIDlIOT pa3JJ.em.z 4>OpMLI, TO ecrs
- PM MO:d{eT HalJHRaThCH B O)lHOM pasnerre COl:JBBeHIDI. H npo;:J;OJDKaThCH sepea neaypy
B I\PYTOM. Hanpaaep, KaRTaTa op. 26, TT. 92, 93 (CM. naprarypy). .
3. B cepmmoM PW MO:>KeT ne KBaTaTh O,ZJ;Horo HJIK BecKOJIbKHX 3B)'I<OB, 3T0
3HatrnT, tITO norepsmur 3B)'K uaxonarcs B .IlPyroM 4J8KTYPBOM ronoce. Hanpa
Mept K3HTaTa op. 26, TT. 47-50. B resope rrpOBO.D;KTCH paKOxo.IJ;H!illi PM OT at B KOTO
pOM BeT BTOPOro 3B}'Ka g. OH B napnm conpaaoH OTHOCHTCH K paKOXO;:J;
HOH IDIBepCHH OTfis. TaxHM 06Pa30M
t
ozraa 3ByK g IIpHHa,nne:lKHT pa3Bl>lM cepHH:m:.IM
PMaM, HO HaxOI\llTCJI OI\BOM cj>rocrypHOM ronoce (l1pHMep 6).
5. Bcrpesaromaecs B xaararax XOpOllDlC aKKOp,ll;LI, B OTJ1lIqHe OT OpKecTpOB1IX.
He BepmKBJm3aI\HH onaoro cepaaoro pana. Hanpasrep, B
.KaHT8TC op. 31 IICpBhlit opxecrpoasr asxopn - 3TO mecrs nepssrx 3ByKOB ceparroro
paaa Pc-fis B aepraxemaoa pacnOJIO:>KeHHH:
3 c;Sl
osaasaer HOMep
lc. 3B}'Ka cepaa,
6 esl
crrpeaa<YI IIIIcj>pLI
4d
CaM 3B)'K psna)
Sb
2A
XOPOBCUI aepraxans .R:BmI:eTCH CJle)lCTBUeM JJHHeapUOro MLJUlJIeUDB KOMDO:m
Topa. B OCHOBHOM 3TO nOJIH41oHH3I1pOBaHHaM rapuoaas, TO eCTL KIDK.,l{bI:ii ronoc ax
xopna HMC(IT CaOIQ JIBHHIO H O1"HOCHTCJI K CBOeMy cepanosry PJUlY. TaI<HM 06pa30M,
O;:r;HOBpeMeHHO aaysar HeCKOJILKO pa3HbIX pMOB. Harrpmrep, 0603HaIJ:HM Tr. 20-23
xaararsr op. 26 cnel\YIOD\HM 06pB30M:
r 20 r. 21
r. 22 r . 23
f
2
CZ CZ
S Ph-ais h' h'
e' cls"
A Pc-h fis'
t
e e' cis
l
cis' s'
f d'
T Rl(IS-f fis
tis J!is ete g b a a
B Rlg:f1S B B G G Gis H A A
.,
I X0J10n08a B. H. Xosonae lO. H. D:KT. CO'i. - C. 253 H sanee.
13 1'PHXAHTATI.I AHroHABE6EPHA
Haorna cepaaaeae rorroca .ZJ;y6.impyrorcX, K3K, aarrpaxep, B I lJaCTH KaRTanI op.
29, IT. 14-16. Ilepasr asxopn xopa: COIIpaHO ;uy6JmpyeTCX reaopox, aJThT - 6acoM B
60JIblII}'lO CeK)'H.llY (IIpHMep 7).
Axsopasr B K8HTaTaX no CBoeH cTPYKTYPe, HO B HHX 06X3arem.HO
npacyrcrayer O,IJ;Ha-)tBe 60JIbIIDIe ceIITHMl>I mm O,Z:(BR-,I(Ba nOJIYIOHa (aarepsansr 11
mm 1), TO CCT}) )lJlJI XOpOBOH BepTHKaJIH xapaxrepma C03ByqIDi Cnonyroaox - rc
MHllKKOPIll>1. HanpHMep, KaHTaTll op. 26, IT. 64-65, 67:

l::;
;:,
J f
T.64 T.65,
03HalJalOT OTCl:JHTf,IBaeMbIe CHH3Y ssepx HBTepBa..nI:>I, ID K01'OpI.IX COCTOKr
llKKOPIll>1 (IIpHMep 8).
HTaK, )tBeHa,ll;IlaTIlTOHOBO:H rexaaxe rrpacyma JIHHeapHOCTh. Ho xax )Ke
HHTOHHPoBaTh TllK)'lO M}'3bncy?
CaMO HHTOHHpoBaHlIe B03MO)f(HO JIHIIII. rrpa yCJIOBHH npasansnoro cnsnnanaa
p;BeHa,u;n;aTHTOHOBOH 3BYKOBOii MaTepHH.
B _OTJIHqHe OT M}'3:&IICH npomnoro e ec onopo Ha
CBX31I B npOHCXO,IJ;lIT onopa Ha CCpHitm.Jii PM .: TOT caMI.rH. anaapaaar
CTPYKTYPLI, KOTOpI.Iif BIillIOJIH.lIeT TY )Ke no II TOHHKa B MaJKOpHO
TOHa..nI:>HOCTH. B nepsyro oaepens Ta..IeID.m HHBapUaIITaM::H XBIDllOreH RH':'
TCpBa.m.m.le KOMIIJIeKCI.I THIIa: nOJIYIoH - ceK)'H,lla, nOJIYfOH - MaJIaJI rep1Ul'l, rrony
TOB - 60JIbmax TepI\HX, I\O;uyTOB - xaapra, norryron - 1pHTOB (1.2 - 1.6), TO eCTh
reesarpyrmsr. HMCHHO ORH u CTPYKTYPUP}'IOT Merro)UIKy Bcfiepna.
Crpoeaac MerrO,u;HKH C umpOKHMH CKal:JKaMH oseas xapaxrepno ,IVDI TeMaTH3Ma
n03ToMYBOKB..JIDm.m 3BYK JJ:OJDfceH 6I.ITh M&KCBM8JIbHO opH6J1WKeH K BB
CTPYMeBT3J1hBoMY, TaK Ka.K R3JIHmHee vibrato (mm npyras xpaaocrs - OTCyrCT
Bue ero, 6JIeKJII,nh> 3BYK) CKIDKeTCH Ha KalJeCTBe HBTOHHpOBaHHH Ta
KOro THIIa M}'3I.IKH, rne xpa.iiHHe 3B)'KH ,IJ;liaTI330aa 6epyrcH 6e3 rrocryrreaaoro ,I(BH
:lKeHIDl, CKal:JKOM, lJaCTO B THXOM HlOaHce II Ha KOPOl'K}'l6 ,roIHTeJIbHOCTh. Hanpa
Mep, xaarara op. 26, napras 6acoBBIT. 102-103 (IIpHMep 9).
Ilpa p33yqHBaHRlI KaHTaT B nepsyro osepezrs peKOMeH,!JYeTCX OCBOHTh cepmo B ee
xersrpex cj>0PMax (P, 1<, I, RI), CBo6oJlHo ners K""'-'IbJii cepBHJn,rij PM OT mo6oro "3
12 3BYKOB (12 cepBiiHhJx PAAOB x Ha 4 cj>0PMbI = 48). Ilpa :>TOM lKeJIaTeJIbHO MbIC
JIHTL HHTepBaJILHO, a He JI8,llOBO, .n;aJKe B rex CJIY1IaHX, rne 31'0 61dJlo 6LI BOOMO)KHO
Ha KOpOTKHX rrposreosyrxax, aanpaxcp, a-cis-d - 6om.max repI:(IDI II nonyroa, a HC
,llOMHHaHT3., BBO.llH!orH 3BYK u TOHHKaI.
I JO. H. Xononoa B CTBn.e KaJ( ners aosyro M)"3E.lKy XX (/1 Bocrraraaae My.lhIlC8.Ju.Horo
crryxa. - M., 1985. - C. 5985) rrpennaraer RHToHHpoBan. ,ltoJteK3ljJoHHLle co.rnueHHJI B D;e.JIOM Ha na
JtOTOHam.H01t OCHOBe, HO npa 3TOM accnerroaarem, npHASeT oco6oe aaaaenae ocaoesmo
reaarpyrm, TO ecrs MenOJtB'leCKID{ rpynn C nOnyFOHOM. ECJIH B M)"3hIlCe Crpaaaacsoro JtO,ltell:acPoH
HOro nepaona rrpaamm na,aoBoA yCT'llHOBKH nOMO:lKeT npeononers HHTOHBD;HOHHLICrpyn
HOCTH, Tale KaJ( cepaa y OrpIlBHHCKOro ,l],HBTOIIH'nIbI no caoe rrpapone (B '1aCTHOCTlf. B npOJOBeJteHHH
Canticum sacrum, KOTOpoe PBCCMB'!f.HBaeTCJI BO Bmopou O'lepKe), TO B KaIITaT3X Ha Bam
133rJIAA. Ha rrepaoe MecTO ace ae BbI.nBHraeTCJI HHTepBaIILHOe arrroaapoaaaae C onopca Ha reanrpyn
rtu, TaK KaK OCHOBy eeeepaoecsoa Me.JIO,ltHlCH H axJ(op,lIHlCH COCTaBJ1JleT aarepaan 6om.mo1t CelITHMJ:,I
(MaJIoii HOHhI).
T.67
Of{EPKnEPBbJD
Dorre3WUM, aa Ham aaman, SlDJUleTCJI rrponeaaaae HRTepBaJIOB cepaa B DlHpOKOM
pacnOJIO:>KeHHH, r,lle 6om.m8JI cenraaa KaK rnasasra KoMUOHeBT reMRTOHBOH CHCTe
Mnt nOJDKBa 6DlTL rrpenensao ycroasasa. ECJIB: TaK MO:mO CKa3aTh, ycTOH
6oJlLmoH ceIITHMLI CJIYJKIIT orropo ,llJDl cnyxa H ocraerca HeH3MeHIffiIM H He3hl6ne
MbIM B HHTOHHpOBaHHH. Hanpzxep, CepHH KaHT3.IlJ op. 31 II BapHaHT paayxasarraa
(TIpBMep 10).
K8K OTMel:{aJIOC& ssnne, XOpOBaJI Bep1'HKaJTh Ka.B.TaT Be6epua
TO eCTL KWK.,IU.m ronoc, HMea CBOIO MeJIO,llHIO, BXO,lJ)IT B erpyxrypy aKK0P.u:a, B KOTO
pOM rrpacyrcrsyer O,II;HH H1IH HeCKOJThKO OCTp&OO) HBrepBaJIOB, n03ToMy nOJle3HI.1M
.. MO.>KeT 6&.ITL nponesaaae cepnii::m.Ix PSUlOB B .ztY6JIHpOBKax RHrepBaJIOB 60m.moH
CeIlTHMbI, -raeroa naPILI, TpHTOHa H npyrax. B xexecrse YJIPiPKHenIDI pexcsceany
eTC51 nporrers ceplrltHLrli 'PM Ka.HOHOM, R3ITpHMep, B 6om.myro ceKYHJIY. KaaOH
MO)lQ{O aaxoa-ta'n, Ha rrocxenaet Bb1.n:epJKaHHOH aore B Ka.>KJJ;OM ronoee, .lI.OJlC,lt,8B
nracs noxa AonOIOT see, llJIH nOBTOpHTh CaMKaHOBHecKOJll,KO pas.
IllTpRXOB8JI mUIH.Tpa K8HTaT secsxa OT n:pOHm<HOBeHHO
ro legattssimo .no ynapsoro, axnearapoaaaaoro mar/eli;
rrporsrryrsre IIITpHXH, CTaKKaTHLIe IDTpHXH npaxraxecxa Be 'lITO
CBJDaHO, C BOKaJILHO:H OCROBoi:{ KaHTaT Hanpa
Mep, B KaH'I'aTe op. 26, B TI. 7174 - Ya.JI:bTOB aaerosnree 1IHpHtleeKOe apB030 B mo
aacaxpiano, pianissimo.
Xapaxrepasnr npHeMoM 3B)'KoBe,ll;emm JmIDIJOTCH 6bICTp&Ie crescendo H dimi
nuendo 6)'KBa.JI:bHO Ha O,uBOM 3ByKe. Heo6xo)))IMO OTMe1'HTb, 'tffO B aeKOTOpI:J:X HHCT
PYMeHTa.JIl,H&IX aenpaesep, Bapaarrasx nna q>opreOOaHO
op. 27 (1936) l\HlIaMRKa, plITM, aJlTHKYJ1lIIlIDI TaJOI(e TJ1TOTeIOT K cepHaJm3aI1HH (TO
ecrs KaJK,T(f,rn napasserp HMee:r CBOIO cepmo II xoarpanyaxrapyer C )q)yrn:MR napa
MeTpaMR). H BJIIDIHHe nOH TeEl)l;eHI:l;HH onrymaercs B' KaHTaTaX, XOT5l OHO ae B:DIpa
JKeBO TaK JIPKO. TeM He xeaee, rrpa HCIlOJIHemm KaHTaT cnenyer 3aOClpHTh
BIIHMaHHe Ha TOM, BbI.ltep)KBBa.eTCSI JIH 3B)'K B O,D;HOM HIOaHee, m60 CHJIa 3ByKa
YMem..maeTC.sI HJIH

Bee aepexacneaasre csoncrsa CBlI.UeTeJI&CTByroT 06 H3bICKaHHOCTH, H3mIlecTBe H,
BMeC1'C C TeM, KaK. TIO HB CTpaHHO - npOCTOTe XOpOBOro IIHCJ:,Ma 06pa3
ROen. H MHorol{BeTHOC'IL CTHXOB ::Aoae aamna BOIIJIom:eHHe B OC050M 3Byqamm Be
6epHOBCKOH M}'3&IKK.
Xopnasre cOqJIueaWl ABToHa Be6epH8
Entfliebt aufleichten Kahnen (<<YCKO.JTh3aH Ha lIerKHX senaax JlIDl CMematmo
ro xopa acappella Ha en, CT. Teopre, 1908, op. 2.
,l(Be necim nna cuemaaaoro xopa C HHClpYMeHTa.JU.H:hIM conpoaoxnenaese
(eIq)HIIKa, KJlapHCT, rarapa, YJCJIecTa) Ha CJI. H. B. Fere 11:3 <<KHnlliCKO
HeMen;KHX speseea JJ:ID[ H rona: 1. Weiss wie Lilien, reine Kerzen <1I:Hmm: CBet:Ie:H:
l npexpacao 3HaBn:m:il: XOPOBYlO cneUH!PHKY. cxopee acero, rrpezmonaran B03lf8KHOBeHHe
TeXHH'lechJtX np05JlCM HCIlO.IIHCHWl eDOHX KaHI'aT. CaM kOMIl03HTOP npa HCnOJlHCI:IHH CODpeMCHHhlX
eay XOpOBhlX coqHllemUl .ll06HBaJlClt OT xoposoro kOJ1JIeKTHBa npeononeaas
'lIJ)'.lUIocreit HODOA M}'3btkH. Harrpaaep, B ml!H6eproBcKHA xop a cappella Map Ha 3eMJIe
DDeJI CTp}'HHhIe, THIlIe xopa H CJlHBaJIHCh C HKM, ere nOMOraJIO A06HlJan,cJI lIHCTOro
XOPOBOro C'IP0ffi'. TOT)Ke npHeM 0PHmHaJIbHO PIl3BHJI B eDOHX necaax lVUI xopa Op. 19.
CM. 06 3TOM: XOllOn08Q B. H.. XOllon081O. H. U;HT. COq. - C. 67.
15 TP" KAlITAThI AHTOHA BEEiEPHA
6eJIe!OT), 1925-1926; 2. Zieh'n die Schafe von der Wiese (<<TllB}"IcX OBI\I>IC rry
rID, 1926; pezaxnaa Ccj>opT<mHlllIO - 1928, op. 19.
Das Augen1icht (<<CBeT rnaa) .rtmI cxemaaaoro xopa II opxecrpa Ha CJI.
X. HOHe, 1935, op. 26.
IIepBaJI xaarara .Z:tIDl conpaao cono, csremaaaoro xopa H opxeerpa Ha en.
X. HOHe: I. Zundender Lichtblitz des Lebens (<<3aJl<HI"lllOmall MOJIHHX lKB3BB),
2. Kleiner Flugel <MarreBl>KOe KphlJThlIlIKo), 3. Tonen die seligen Seiten Apollss
(<<3ByqaT 6JI"",e""",e crpymr AnOJIJIOHa), 1938-1939, op. 29.
BTOPax KaHTaTa .z:vm conpaao cono, 6aca cono, CMemaBlloro xopa II opxeerpa Ha
CJI. X. WOHe, 1941-1943, op. 31:
\. Schweigt auch die Wel!... <MHp MOJl'iHT...)
2. Sehr tiefverhalten... urry60KO CKpl>ITllllBHyrpeHHllJllKB3Bl>...) .
3. aus Brunnen des Himmels... (<<qepnax H3lICTO'lHHKa He6cc...)
4. Leichteste BUrdender Biiume... <.JIeI"'IaiiIIme HOIIIH nepessea...)
5. Freundselig ist das Wort...<lIpHBeTJlHBOe CITOBO...)
6. Gelockert aus dem Schosse... (<<OcBo6olK,l\eHBLIil H3 JIOHa. ..)
JlBTepaTYPa
Betiepn A. Jlexnaa o M}'3LIKe. IlHcLMa. - M., 1975.
Iieuucoe 3. B. ,D;o.n;eKa4JoHIDI II cospesreaao KOMD:03RTOpCKOK TeXHH
KR II MY3LIKa H COBpeMeHBOCTh. BLm. 6. - M., 1969.
Iieuucoe 3. B. COBpcMeHHax MY3:DIKa H 3BOJOOI:tIIB KOMn03BTOPCKOf[
TeXHHKH. - M., 1986.
<<If CBem BO mLMe eeemum. O M}'3LIKe Aaroaa 1945-1995 ICoCT.
10. H. XOJIOIIOB: Ha)"IHLle TPYI\LI MrK. C6. 21. - M., 1998.
K020ymeK If. TeXHHKa KOMII03H1J111' BM}'3LIKC XX nexa, - M., 1976.
Koxopeea JI. M KaBTaThI A. H 1palr,I1I1BH xoposo xyJILTYPLI XV - nep
BOH IIOJIOBHHLI XVIII sexa II MOCKOBCKH!i M}'3LIKOBe.l\. BLm. I. - M., 1990.
C. A. CepRiiHaR: MY3:DIKa: sonpocsr TeOpHIl. BCTOpHH, 3CTeTHKH.
M., 1996.
Xononoe 10. H. KaK IIeTL HOBYJO M}'3LIK)' XX sesa /I BocIIHTaHlHe M}'3LIKaJILIIOro
crryxa. - M., 1985.
Xononoea B. H., XOllOnDB lO. H AmOI! - M., 1984.
liii
w,
t
16
Tlpnssep 1
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.. col III I'n:ob - I.Go , .01<
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..... llIbrI ....pw
..,
..
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S.
bl G9I - ul
......
U

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v
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Canticum sacrum Dropa Crpaaaacxoro
Ilpesrsepa co-raaeaaa 11. <1>. C1pallHHCKOrO (1882-1971) Canticum sacrum ad
honorem Sancti Marci Nominis necaoneaae BO CJI8BY HM:em cssroro
Mapxa) .zwg renopa, 6apHTOHa, cxemaaaoro xopa H opxecrpa Ha JIaTHBcKHi:i reKCT
as BeTXOro II Hosoro saaeros (1955-1956) COCTOJlJIaCb 13 ceHTR6pR 1956 rona non
yrrpaarreaaex asropa B Beaenaa, B co6ope. CIDIToro Mapxa, To, lfIO CBs.III:{eHHOe
necaoneaae npenaaaaesanocs .zwg HCnOJIHeHIDI IIMeHHO B HMeJIO JJJIJ{
CTpaBHHCKOro 6om.moe saaseaae, 6Lmo, KaK OH CaM rracan, O.n;HOH H3 CaMbIX
nOQeCTeH. OKa33.HHbIX,eMy B :>KII3HH
1
.
3To cosaaenae HaxO,llHTC.lI B psny TaKHX n03)lHHX XOpOBLIX OnyCOB KOMII03HTO
pa, KaK KaHTaTa Ha aHOHHMBloIe TeKCTbI aarnaacxc n033HH XV-XVI BeKOB,
Threni dIrra1JH), Ilporrosens, rrparsa H MOJIlITB8}>, Anthem Ha CJIOBa T. C. 3JIH
OTa., <dIoTOIm. Introitus naMJI"rH T. C. 3JIHOTa, Requiem canticles. Bee OHR
nensr CXQ)KeCThIO M)'3LIKaJILUOrO CTRJUI (llpIIMeHeHHCM .n;o.n;eKa!jloHHoH TeXHHKH) H
peJDITH03UOH TeMaTHKonl. Ilo nosony PHMCKO-KaTOJlKlIeCKOH aanpaaneaaocra CBO
KX XOpOBLIX npoaaseaeaa n03,D;HerO nepaozta H. C'IP8BHHCKHH roBOpHJI:
CJI3BSIHCKHH .lI3LIK pyCCKOH JmTYPrn:H acerna 6wr X3LIKOM MOHX MOJIIITB - B .n;eTCTBe
li reneps... - JI no-npeacaexy Cq}IT'8}() ce6J1 llpa:aOCJIaBHLlM... IIotIeMY JKe rorna g. Ha
IIHCaJI pIIMCKO-KaTO.JIHtIecK}'lO xeccy? (1QToMY lITO XOTeJI, lIT06bI ee HCnOJIIDIJIH II
cJI)')J(6e. tITO a6coJIlOTHo ueB03MO)KHO B pyCCKOH nepxsa, TaK KaK 3aKOHJ.,I RpaBOCJIa
BIDI aarrpemarcr ysaerae HHcrpYMeHTOB B cJI}"K6e, a JI BLIHomy neme 6C3 aKKoMIIa
HeMeHTa JIHIIIb B M)'3LIKe C llpHMHTHBHoii rapMOHHeii3. ..sI JlYMaIO. tITO KIDtC):{Lm
.nOJDKeH MO.JIBThC1I Ha CBoeM 1I3LIKe. MOJKe'! 6LlTb, KaTO.JIHtIeclGIii PIITY
an .nOJDKeH BCe ace coxpanars BeKOTOpLIe JIaTHHCKHe BbIpaJICeHIDI ,UIDI. TOp)KeCTBeH
HOCTH. Ho Bor, B OTJIKlIHe OT mo.n;eii, noaasraer mo6oii H3LIK. CBRIIleHHaJI .JIHTYPIWI
.nOJDKIIa 6LlTb onaoepeaeaao 60JKCCTBeHHo:ii. II tIeJIOBetIecKOID)
4
. I1HTepecHo crxe
THTh, tITO CTpaBHHCI<l:1H 6wr ,llp)')KeH CIlano H08HIlOM xx:m, B03rJIa..BIDIBIImM Ka
TOJ1H1IecK}'IO U;epKOBb B 1958-1963 ronex: tITO aa Be.rruiatii tIeJIOBeK, - TaKOM Be.JIlI
KOIl)'IIIHLlJl, rasoa )l06pbIii!... ML, 6= HacrOJ!IIIIIMH lIPY3bllMH. B 6IdTHo= era
BeHen;n8HCKHM aarpaapxox OH orxpsm 6om.moii co6op CB. Mapza nna Moero CBR
meaaoro neCHOUeHIDD)S.
O JIaTLlHK, eme B CBH3I1 Conepo Ilaps 3,z:um. KOMII03HTOp IIHCaJI) lITO
crapsrn, .n;aJlCe H0JIY3a6LI'I'Llit X3LIK, .nOJDKeu conepxare B 3Byq-aHHH pesa 3aKJmHa
reIlItl1I>tiL. 3JIeMeRT, KOTOpbrH Mor 6LI 6LITb HCH0JIL30BaH BM}'3LIKe. Kor.na JI pa6o
J Ho Crpaaaacxa - ny5mn:tHCT H c05eceJI,HHK I PeJI,-COCT. B. n. BapYHD;. - M., 1988. - C. 306.
OlIHaKO penaxnaa JKYPHana Time OTKJI.Hklf)'.lIaC1> na nepace HCnOJlHeHHe Canticum sacrum
crarse Y6IDtcTBO B C060pc) (24 ceHr1'l6pl'l TOro ;>KC roJJ:8), BOCn0JI1>30BaBWHCL 3RrOJlOBKOM O,IIHO
HMeHlIOD: JII>fl),fl>I T. 3JlHOTa (1935). II03)Ke, xorna trpa acrpeae )KeRa M. C'IpaBHHCKOro cnpOCJDIa Y
nOJTa, 3H8eT JI]{ on, qT6 YHero osmero C KOMII03KropOM, B 3aTeM caaa 011leTlma: Y6IDtCTBO B
pe), - T. 3JlHOT npHUIeJI B aaaenrarenscreo, H MO)KHO 6:wI0 nosyacraoears, 'ITO HHC8TeJTh npezmosen
6LI cxopee He 6I.ITJ, aBTOPOM 3TOro rearpansaoro onyca, He;lKenR OCKop61ITL KOMll03HtOpa ero Ha3Ba
HHeM (CM. 05 nOM: CmpaeUHCItUU H. </J. ,[(Ha.n0I'H. - n., 1963. - C. 248-249).
2 Maore neHHoit HH!pOpMaIJ;HH 06 3THX. COqHHCHJUtX coJJ:epJKRTCjI B KHHI'e: Fnuaun
B. B. 11I0P'Ie:m0 Orpaaaacxoro. - ,l(oHernc, 1995.
Ihrr. no. CmpaeuHcKUu H. crJ. ,l(Hanom. -C. 274-275.
4 H. Crpaaascxa - H cogecemoe. - C. 211.
TaM )Ke. - C. 212.
O'lEPKBTOPOn 20
TaK> HM cnOBOM B M}'3LIKe, MOB CJnOHHDIe )f{eJIe3:E.I B036)')K,UaIOTCjI 3ByqaHIDIMH H
pHTMaMB CIlorOB. "B aaxane fiLma CJIOBO", - JtIDI MeIDI 6YKBaJII,HWl npJlMWl HCTHHa I
.nrm Crpasaacxoro CJIOBO mJIDIJlOCb npoCTI:.IM MarepHaJIOM, Ho,no6HDIM 6JIOIcy
xpasropa B apXHTeK1YPe II CKym.rrrype. B CTHXax ero rrpensmano coseraaae cnoros
II CJIOB, TO eers tIHCTO 3BYX:0B3Ji CTOpOH8, xoropaa npOH3BO.D;lIT Ha Rame 1JYBCTBeH
noe aocnpasrae BueYiaTJIeHHe, 61IH3KOe K M}'3I:.IKa..m.HOMy2.
TIpliBe.neM TeKCT Canticum sacrum II COCTaB HenOJIHllTeJIeu:
JlamblHb (HQ3SQHWl '1Qcmeu,

UCmO'lHuKU)
Dedicatio
I. Euntes in mundum (Mapx, XVI, J5)
II. Surge, aquilo (I1ecHL neeHeR Cene-
MOHa, IV, 16; V, I)
III. Ad Tres virtutes Hortationes
CARITAS (Brcpoaesoaae, VI, S; Ilep
see nOCJJ8HHe anocrona Ho!iHIIB. IV, 7)
SPES (IIcanoM 124, I; ncanoM 129, S-6)
FIDES (ncanoM lIS, 1)
IV. Brevis Motus Cantilenae (MapK, IX,
23,24)
V. Illi autem profecti (MapK, XVI, 20)
Cocmae UCnOJlHumeJfeU
Teaop, 6apKTOH, Op
'=1'
Xop.opxecrp
Teacp, opxecrp
TeHOp, 6apHTOH, xop,
OpkecTp
BapHTOH, xop, opxecrp
Xop, opxecrp
PycCKUU mel<cma
rlocaenesae ropo.ny BeHellHH BO CJIBBY
ee cezroro. noxpoaarens, 6naroenoBeH
HOroMapsa, enccrcne,
H CKaJM KM: H.llK1'C no aceay MNPY H
nponoBC.nyRre EB8HJ"eJIlie BeBoR 'ree
pa,
llO)IJtHMHCh aerep C ceaepa, nceen HB
CIU1 MOR, H noJll,1QTCJI BpOMaTLI ercl-.
nycn. 11plgl,eI' B03ru06neHmJ:it MoR B
caa tBOR HBkYlIU1CT apOMaThI ero...
JllOBOBb. H mo68 Iocnona, Bora
-raoero BCCM cep.u;ueM nOHM, H eceio
mrmelOreoeio, H BceMH CKIIIlMH'T1IOHMH.
BO'11D06neHJt!,le, 6Y)leM mo6HI1. Jqlyr
'Jqlyr8, nOTOM)' 'fTO mo60B& OT Bora, H
BC3JGdl mo6.mndi: pOlK,ltCH OT Bora H
aaaer Bora.
HA,ltE)l<.UA.. HlIJl,eJOU1HAC3 HB Focnona,
lGlK ropa CHOH. He nO,llBKrneTCJI, npe
6hIBaer BO BeK. HlIJl,elOCh Ha Iocnone,
HlIJl,eeTCJi mrma MOJI; Ha cnoao ero )'lID
8BJO. JJ:yma MOM OiKH,ItaCT Fccnone 60
nec. HOKCJIH crp8lKH - yrpa,
BEPA .H aepoaaz, H nOTOM}' roBOpHJI: JI
CHJII,HO COKpyweH.
Hacyc eeaaan eM)': eCJTH CKOnhKO
HH6y.ll& MOlll:eWh eepoaers, a03
MO)KHO aep}'lODl.CM}'. H T0T'I8C oren OT
pesa BOCKJIHKHYn co ene3aMH: aepyio,
rOcno,lIH! nOMOnI MOCMy eeaepmc.
A OIDl nomna H npcnceeaosene Be:J.Qe
npH rOCnOJUlCM CO./tCRcrnKH H rtonxpe
I111lUrn: CJIOBII. 3HIlMC
HWlMH. .AM:HHb.
):{J1SI csoero CQ'qJffieHIDI CTpaBHHCKHB H36parr oco6:EJit coeraa opxecrpa, BKJIK)
'lllJOIl\HH <jlJIell1y, ,!\Ba mrrmrltcKHli pOlKOK, naa ljJamra II xoarpadiaror, 'rpa
Tpy6J,I in e, in e, rraa TeHOpOBbIX TpoM6oHa, 6ac-- II JJ;y6J1I,-6aC--TpOM6ouJ,I,
aP4JY, opraa, aJILThI II lli opxecrpa 6blJIH HeKJnOqeB.LI eKpBlIKH, HO
axmoaerr opraa, Bsezteaae oprane B BOXam.HO-CHM!J?OHHtlecK}'IO napnrrypy - pen
"i,
l CmpOfJUHCKUii H. tP. Ilaanora. ....,. C. 177.
2 CmpaUUHCKUii H. tP. XpOHKKa MoeH :lKH3HH. - JJ., 1963. - C. 98-99.
21
KHH crryqait B TBOplJCCTBC C'rpaBHHCKOro. MCn0JIb30BaBRC sroro aHTHCTPa
BHHCKOrO HHCTpYMem:a 06yCJIOBJIeUO OpHCHTaI(Heii KOMIl03BTOpa Ha )f(a.HpOBO
cranacrasecxae OC06eHHOCTH TBOplJeCTBa rrpcncraaarene BeHeIUlaHCKoi{ KOMIIO
3RTOPCKOii IIIKOm.r XVI-XVII BeKOB. e4?opMHpOBaBillCHCJI npa co6ope CHSITara
Mapxa, ApXBTeICTypa 3TOro co6opa CHMBO.JIHl{eCKH 0TpIDKeHa B My.3I>IKaJILHOM
crpoeaaa Canticum. C.lleJIaHO 3TQ TaK M8crepCKH, tITO npa cny:mamm He B03HHK3er
MJ"IC.JI:b 06 HCKYCCTBeHHOH 4lopMe-cxeMe. Ilsrs npHTBOpOB 633HJIHKH COOTBeTCTBYJOT
IIHTII qaCTXM KaRTaThI. I H VlJ8CTH - V lJaCTh ecrs PaKOXOJl, I-ii (TO ecrs TO,
'lJIO BI tIaCTH MeT CJIeBa aanpaso, BV 'sacra H,UeT cnpana aaneso):

cepuiinax
'./ meXHUKQ "<,
/ m. <,
Il q. IV q.
Iq.--_____ __Vq.
'------- ...... 'mexHuKal/eHmpa"""'----
II H N sacra 06PaMJUIIOT CJIOJKHYlO no 4.lopMe III qaCTh, KOTOpaJI, CJIe.c;yJl TeKC'l)',
qneHHTCJI Ha IPH pasnena, COOTBeTCTByroIIJ;llX rpeee IDI0CTaCsrM mo6BH,
Ha;IJ;C)f(,D;C, sepe.
Cnosa xparrax qaCreH Canticum sacrum B3RThl 113 EB:mreJIWI OT Mapxa: B
I qaCTH aa XVI rnaasr 15 CTHXa, a B V lJaCTH R3 20 CTHXa 3TOiI)Ke rnassr (CM. TeKCT).
OHR 06'f:oe)J;HIDIIOT BCe CO'IHHeH:Be MhICJIbIO o pacnpocrpaaeaaa Bnaro Beera no
acessy MHPY
Bo II H ill lJaCTSIX nCnO.JI:b3yroTCJI consaste ronocarrcaop H 6apHTOH). 3TH lJaCTII
B cepano TeXHHKe. KOMII03HTOP rrpasseaaer rrae cepaa, Cepas II lJacTH:
I1pHMep I. CepIDI ill II IV 'lllereii: I1pHMep 2. .
O,IJ;Ha H3 TeXHHKH KOMII03m:r;Hl1 C'rp3BHHCKOrO (B TOM lJHcne u
II03JJ;Hero nepaozta) CoerOBT B TOM, lJTO npa BI:J6ope HHTOH3JJ;lIOHHOro Marepnarra
,l:(IDl cepaaaoro pana ornaercs npezrrrosreaae J(R8TOHU'IIeCKOH DOCJJeJ(OB8TeJlbHO
CTH 3BYKOB (lUIaTOHHlJeCKHM DOJIHM). O CBDeM TJII"OTeHHH K TOHaJn>HOCTH R naaro
BRKe CaM C'rpaBHHCICHii BhICK33:bIB3JICJI neoaaoxperao.
Hecssorps Ha e,llHHCTBO aaecsrcna, M)'3:b1Ka B lJaerIDC Canticum sacrum npa anem
HeM paccsrorpenaa xoarpacraa, R 3TO CBJI3aHO C npaxeaeaaeu Pa3.JIHI!HE:JX TeXBHK.
B I II V lJ8CTIlX a:KK0P.llOB:brH: THII xoposoro rmC:bM3, a B lli R
rv lJaCT.lIX - nOJIHeJ?OHHlJecKHH. B- CBOIO osepens 3TO OTpIDKaerCJI H Ha RCnO.JImITe.Jn.
cKHX seas anomre eCTeCTBeHHO, 'lJIO HHTOHBpOBaHHe sepraxamasrx CO
3Byq:aii Ha OCHOBe nana OTJIHlIHO OT HBTOHHpOBaHIDI cepaasrx nocrpoeaaa;
rapMOBlJlIeCKOH OCHOBOH I lJaCTH (H, COOTBeTCTBeHHO. V lJaCTH) JIBJ1HeTCH arrrep
B3JIbH3JI rpynna as lJeTL1pex 3BYKOB a-b-h-d. 3Ta rpynna - HHTOHa.u.HOHHoe 3epHO, 113
xoroporo BL1p3CTaeT BCJI rapacaaa I lJacTH H eJ?HHarra. Kposre TOro ee MO:lKIH) pas
6HTb aa ztaa cersrenra: b-h-d H a-d. Omr npB:MeHJIJOTCJI n BepTHK3JIbHO (xax axxopn),
H roPH30HT3JIbHO (KaK MOTHB).
TIpa aan BepTHK3JIbHbIM CTpOeM xpaaax lJaCTeH KIDI<,Itblii: axxopzt He
ftY)KHO B:bICTpaHBaTh 3aHOBO, B mo60M R3 C03ByqIDI 6y.llYT npacyrcr
BOBan 3Byx.H H3 rpyrmsr a-b-h-d, xoropsre R DOCJI}')KaT orropo B IIHTOHRpOBaHHH.
CTpaBHHcKHii neCKOJThKO pas rronerepxaaacr B CBOHX <<,[(H3JIOr3X, lJTO npa COlJHBe
mm OH UCXO,ZJ;HT B nepayio &Iepe.llb U3 raPMOHBH. TaKHM 06pa30M, a:KKOp,lI,HK3, KO
roP3JI JIBIDleTCJI OCHOBOii xoposoro IlliCI:.Ma KpaHHHX qaCTeH, aecer B ce6e BIDKH)'IO
asrpasarensayso <!>y>IKI1lIIO.
O'IEPK BTOPOfl
22
Han6om.myro CJIQ)KHQCT& Jl.lUI IfHi'OHHpOBaHHJI B eoaaaeaaa npezrcraanmcr
repnossre aKK0PIlJ>I n aKK0PIlJ>I e noGo"""""" TOnaMH (TIpRMep 3 A, B).
,[(mr: 3BYKoBe,n;eHIDI H 3B}'K0H3BJlel:JeHIDI B Canticum xapasrepasr rsepnas araxa II
UITpHX uapxupoeanuoeo legato. Oe06eHHOCTh 3TOro cnoaororo nrrpaxa saxmoaaercs
B TOM, tITO Me)K)ly 3B}'KaMH He ,IlOJDKHl,I rrpocnynraaarsca nayasr, HO KIDIQ.U.-rH H3 BHX
.n;01DKeH 5blTL nO,rrIepKIIYT TOJI1IKOM BLJ..l];I>IXaeMOH crpya eoazryxa,
CmmOD:HpOBa.HBOe aerynnenae xopa MomeT 6:EJ1'E, cnerxa nozrsepxayro: aanpa
saep, I qaCTL, T. 41:

6
4 ,J. J J J
>
prae-di-ca-te
Xapaxrep nponsnomeaas naraacsoro TeKCTa riuotce nesraoro aKIleRTIlpOBaH, me
CTKOBaT naCTOJIbKO, 'tITo5L1 na. nepssr mum BLIBecTII KOJIOpHT TeKeTa:
> > > > > > > > > > >.
I 'tJ., T. 26 in mun- dum u- ni- ver -sum prae-di -co- te
lli oco6eIIHOCTeH )lo,lleKacl)QHHH Crpasaacxoro B,lJ;aHBOM cosaaeaan:
l. Cassa cepaa conepsorr naaroaaxecxae nona - rpynnst 3B}'KOB
J
yxnaztsraaro
nraeca B TOT ana naoH J!I'aTOHWleeKRii nazi (TIpRMep 4 A).
2. B III II N sacrsx cepaa HCnOJlI,3YeTC.sI OJ\H3, HO ona HMeeT Pa3J'11Il!HDIii: MeJIO,llH
'tJeclGlii 06JIHK H3-3a H3MeHeHIDI TeW3, ,llHH3MHKH, aprmcymrrum H eassoro xapaxre
pa M)'3bIKH.
3. Cepas MomeT pacnaaarses Ha cerxerrrsr, 6JIH3KHe nOneBK3M JJ;HaTOJlli1IeCKHX
nanoa, '!J>HXOP,IJ;DBOcm
1
J
aanpassep, IV sacrs, TI. 266-268 HJIH
III xacrs, TI. 204-209.
4. Tenneanas K 06paMJIeHmO: Ha 60rree BbICOKOM ypoane, cPBHaJI - 3TO paxoxon I
qaCTH; Ha yposae OJJ;HOH, HaITpHMep fi xaera, BC'I')'IIllTeJlI:,UOe nposezteaae eepaao
ro pana aa-nraaeres OT 3BYJCa a" IiI 3aKJllO'lfl:ITeJIbHOe nposeneaae oKaH1IHBaeTCSI ua
3B}'Ke a. II 'tJaen., e)l;HHCTBeHHaJI 6ea ysacraa xopa (eono reaopa H opxecrp), B KOTO
pOH acnonssyerca npyras cePKJI (CM. BLIIIIe). OCHOBbIB8.CTCJI Ba nposeneaaa cepaa
HbIX panoe Pas-a H Ra-as. OBa T8I0Ke na1IHHaeTC5I H sasaasaaaerca 3B}'KOM a. Cne
.nOBaTeJThHO, MO)f(HO rosopars o 3BYJCe a xax O n;empaJILUOM TOHe II H ill qaereii.
HeKOTOpEJe BblCKa3l>IBaHKJI CTpaBmICKOrO YJC83bIBaIOT Ha TO, lITO B nponecee e03
.naHIDI npOH3Be.neHIDI KOMII03HTOP .ner ue OT C8MOR cepaa K .na..TILue:funeMj' CO'!J:HHe
HmO rrsecsr, a cnasara cnsnnarcs Ka.KHe-TO rapaosaxecxae COOTHomelIHJl
HIITepBaJIOB. 3aTeM onpenensrca cTpYKTYPa cepaa: IIpaBHJIa H orpaaaseaas cepa
Horo IIHCbMa MaJIO OTJIHlIaIQTC" OT CTporOCTH BeJIHKHX KOHTparryBlC'I'H'tlecJCHX IDKon
rrpomnoro. B TO ae BpeMH OHR pacmapsror IiI 060raDl3lOT rapMOH:lI'llecKH.ii: xpyro
30p... ..SI yCTaHaBJIHBaIO cnyxoa orrpeneneaasre B03MO'I<Il<;>CTH. a 3aTeM ztenaro Bbl6op.
3THM Bb160pOM B cepaao KOMII03IDJ;HH JI aory YllPaBJUITh TaK )Ke, KaK B mo60H
TOHaJILHO-KOHTparryBlC'I'H'tlecKOit 4JopMe2.
I CBMa C rpyrmeaa (MeJlOJtK"leCKHM nocnenoaasxeec smrepearroa) - 3TO O,lUlH H3 06IlUfX
npHHl{HTIOB TeXHHKH CTpaBHHCKoro. Tax, Bero paHHeM 1'BopQeCTBe - <OKap
IInma (B cnese nJleHeHiiJr JKap-rrnu.tL1 D;. 22-29) - xcosnc 06Hap}'JKHTh HCn011b
30BalIHe Qen.lpeX3BYKoBoH ceprer.
2 Cmpaeunocuil H. rp, AHaJIOrn. - C.242.
23
CANT1CUM SACRuM Hrop.lI CIPABHHCKorO

,
nOD..D:ep'fClCy xopa a cappella c:rPYJflILrMH npaaenan -raiose A. pyxoaonasnraa xoauep
TaMa Pa601.Jero neB'IeCkOro BeRLI, sanpaaep, rrpH HCrrOJIHeHHH Mapa Ha 3eMJIel)

,
Cmpa8UHCKUU H. (/J. ,n;HaJIOrn. _ C. 247.
O<iEPKSTOPOIl'
24
3hIK)', 'lITO Ha3:E:JBaerea XJIa,n;HOKpOBHO. HMeHHo IIO:nOM}' OT .llHpIDKepOB Toro
)Ke XJIa.n;HOKpOBIDI BO BpeMX HCnOJIHeHIDI, Tpe6yro, tIT06bl ORH erporo YBaJKaJIH MOH
npe,IJ;lIHCaHIDI, CBO,I:VI MOMeHT C06CTBeHHOH HHTepnpeTaIJ;IDI )];0 MHHHM)'Ma .H TO'llHQ
l .
onpe.nemuo B naprarype Bee HeMHOrOl:ffic.nCHHhle moaacso .
Xopoasre coaaeeaaa Drops CTP8BHBCKoro
3Be3.uOJIHKH:i:i <Pa,lleHHe 6eJIbIX. KaHTaT3 JVUI M}')KCKOro xopa ft 01'
KCCTpa Haenesa K. ];am.MOHT8, 1911-1912.

qeTLlpe KpecT.bJIHCKHe neCHH JtIDI )KeacKoro xopa Ha nap. rex
CT.', 1914-1917. 06p.:' I.I\ID1 soxarrsuoro aHCaM6IlJl H xersrpex BaJITOpH, 1954,
2. J.VlJI TpexrOJIOCHOrO )KeacKoro xopa H f!10p'reIIHaHO. 1954.
pyccxae xopeorpaoasecxae CU;eHLI e HeHHeM B M}'3DIKOH Ha napozt
HbIC TeKCThI H3 II. Kapeescxoro, 1914-1923.
Llapi, 3.n;mm, onepa-oparopax B nsyx 8ICT8X,lVlJl COJIHCTOB, nen;a, Manoro xopa H
opxecrpa no CO<jlOI<JIy. 1IH6perro CTpaDImCKOro H JK. KOKTO, JIaTRHcKHJ! nepeson
1926-1927.
CHMtPOBIDI ncanxoro ,ll.illI xopa H opxccrpa B Tpex l.J:acTJIX Ha narancxae TeKCThI
R3 Berxoro aaeera, 1930. HOBaJI pel\aKIlHJI- 1948.
Orse Ham JUDI csremaaaoro xopa 6e3 ConpOBO)fC)J;eHlUl Ha pyCCKHH K3Bomrqe
cKHii TeKCT npasocnaaaoa MOJII:ITBbI, 1926. BOBaJI pen, C JJaTHHCKHM TeKCTOM Pater
noster, 1949.
Bepyro ,lI)liI osemaaaoro xopa 6e3 COrrpOBO)fC)J;CHIDI Ha pyCCKHH KaBOHHt::IecKHA
TeKCT npaBOCJIaBHOH MOJII:ITB:DI,- 1932. BOBaJI pen, C JIaTHHcKHM TeKCTOM Credo,
1949.
Boroponane .neBo, pa,z(yiiCID) .wm: cxemarraoro xopa 6e3 corrpoaoscaeaaa Ha
pyccIGrli KaBOHW:IecIGrli TeKCT IIpaBOCJJaBHOH: MOJII:ITBbI, 1934. HOBBJI pen, C JIaTHH
CKHM TeKCTOM Ave Maria, 1949.
Me.nO.ZJ;PaMa B -rpex t::IaCTXX HO AH.ZJ;Pe :>KH.ZlY ):(.Il1I 'reaopa, CMem3H
Haro H nercxoro KOpOB Hsrena, 1933-1934. Pen, -1949.
3Be3,n;aMH YCLIIlaBHoe 3HaMJD> (<<Star-Spangled Banner, aMepmcaBcl<ltii: HaIUfO
Ham.HbIii rHMH), o6p. I\IDI cxenraanoro Kopa Hopxeerpa, 1941.
BaBRJIOH, KaHTaTa .wm: M}')KCKoro xopa, opxecrpa H nena no IIepBoH KHHre
Moaceeso (XI, 1-9), 1944.
Mecca ,lI)liI CMem3HHorO xopa H ,ltBOHHOro nyxoaoro KBHHTeTa Ba KaHOHHtIecKRH
JJamBCKHH TeKCT pHMCKO-KaTO;rmqecKoH JIH1)'prnH B lLlITH 'l{3CTIIX, 1944--1948.
K8HTaTa ,lI)liI conpaao, resopa, )KeHcKoro xopa H MaJIem.KOro RHCTp)'MeRTa.JlLBO
ro aHCaM6ID1 Ha eJIOBa aBrJIHHCKHX HeU3BecTHI>IX aBTOPOB XV-XVI BeKOB, 1951
1952.
CBXIT(eHHoe aecaoneaae BO CJIaBy HMeHH CBRTOro Mapxa (Canticwn sacrum ad
honorem Sancti Marci Nominis) I\IDI -reaopa, 6apHTOHa, Kopa H opxecrpa Ha JIaTRH-
CKHlI TeKCT Berxoro HHOBOro 3aDeTOB, 1955-1956. _'
Xopansnsre sapaanaa M. C. Baxa Ba TeMY p0)fC)J;eCTBeHCKOH necaa C BJ.,I
COKHX KBaM rpsny (<<Von Himmel hoch da komm'ich her), o6p. I\IDI Kopa H opxe
crpa, 1955-1956.
Ilnasa (e'Fhreni), Ilnaa npopoxa HepeMIDl,ll)lil CO.JIIICTOB, eMemaHHoro xopa II
opxecrpa HaJIaTImct;HlI TeKCT R3 Berxoro aaaera, 1957-1958.
I M. C1paBHHcKIDf"- ny6J1HlU{CT H - C. 402.
25 CANTICUM SACR1JM)l HrOPJl CTPABHHCKOrO
TPH ,ll}'XOBHLIe neCHH Kapne ):VKe3Ya.m.p;o ,D;H BeH03a, saaepmeaane fl. Crpa
BBHCKHM K 400-ii rop;OBII(KHe CO ,IJ;IlJI pO)K,l];emrn ):VKe3Yam.p;O ,ltJUI CMemaHHOrO xopa
603 conpoaccsneaas, 1957-1959.
Ilponoaens, nparsa Il MOmrrBID>, xaarara ztna ansra Il reaopa, xopa Il opxecrpa
Ha aHrmmeKHii TeKeT, 1960-1961. IToeBllI11aeTeH ITaymo 3axepy. 1. ITpO[[OBem.
(HoBbIii 3aBeT, PHMJIJIHaM, Vil, 24, 25; EBpeJlM, ll, l). 2. Ilparxa KaMHJI
MH ea. Cretpaaa (Hossra 3aBeT, ,!\eHHHll, VI, 2, 4,5,7-12, 15; IV, l, 51, 52, 54-60).
3. MOJIHTBa (H3 Toecaca JJ:eKKapa; <<TIaMHnI ):VKe:fiMca Maxnena,

yMepmero B 1960).
AHreM Cn:yCKaHCb, roJIY6L paccexaer sosnyx <The. Dove Descending Breaks
the AID Ha CTHXH T. C. 3JIHOTa.JllIJl xopa 6e3 eonpcsoacteaas, 1962.
Ilcron, 6H6neHcKCUI anneropaa o HOBOM xossere, M}'3bIKaJThHOe npep;CT3BJIe
HHe WIRxrena, nesnoa, xopa, opxecrpa Il T3HII;0POB, reKCT COC1'3BJIeH P. Kpa4>TOM Ha
oeaoae Berxoro sanera (EI:J'I1Ie). l1:opKcKoro Il Hecrepcxoro
XV aexa Il aHOHmvIHoA cpezraesexoao n03MLl, 1961-1962.
Kaaoaaneexaa HHTpOBT n3MH1ll T. C. 3JIHOTa ,IJ)UI M}'JKCKOro xopa Il KaMepROrO
aHCaM6ID1 Ba JIanmcIaIi:i reKCT ln pHMCKO-KaTOJIHlIeeKOH 3aynoKOKaOB MeCCbI, 1965.
3aynoKoiiHDIe neCBOneHWD) (<<Requiem canticles) rODI KOHTpam.TO, 6apHTOHa,
xopa Il xassepaoro opxecrpa Ha JIaTHHcKHii TeKCT Il3 pHMCKO-KaTOJIHl:J:eCKOH sayno
KoiiHoH Meceld H eJIY'K6Ll, 1965-1966.
rnU8UIlCKUU B. B. n03.I\Hee raopsecrno M. <1>. Crpaaaacxoro. - ,!\oHeI\K, 1995.
)JpyCKUIl M. C. MrOPL CTpaBHHeKHii. - JI., 1974.
K020ymeK IJ. TeXHHKa KOMlI03HI\HH BMy.lLII<eXX aexa. - M., 1976.
Cmpaeuucxuu H. <1>. XpoHHKa MoeH lKH3HH. - JI., 1963.
Cmpa8UHCTalU H. l/J. ,[(Hanom. Boenosemasas. Pa3MLmmeRIDl. KOMMeHTapHH.
JI., 1971.
Cmpaeuncxuil H. <1>. CTaThH H MaTepHllJThI I Cocr. JI. C. ,!\LgqxOBa. - M., 1973.
M. CTpaBHHeKHii - ny6JIHllHCT H I Pezr-cocr, B. IT. Bapysn, - M.,
1988.
X01l0n08 10. fl 06 3BOJTIOI:J;HH eaponeacxo TOHam.HOH CIlCTeMb1 II TIp06JIeMDl
nana. - M., 1972.
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KalITBTLI AuTORa Befiepna HCanticum sacrum Dropa CTpaBHHCKoro
B DCDOJlDHTe.rILeKOH npescraxe
Tpa KaBTaThI A. H Canticum saenun M. C'rpaBHHCKOro aanacaasi B .0;0
.n;eKalfloHHoH TeXHHKe, HO o6pa3m.m CTpOH npoaasenena, 3CTeTIflIeCKHe B3rIDl)l;I>l H
CJI}'XOBhIe npencraaneaas 060HX My.3I.IKa.HTOB a6co,JIlOTIIo Pa3Jl:lI!I1ffiI. Pamme COq]]
HeBIDI CTpaBHHCKOro QKa3aJIH orposoroe B.JIIDIHB:e Ha passarae esponeexo MJ3LI
KB, a CaM Crpaaaaexa, nepena B 50-e rOAhI K .n;o;o;eKa4JOIIHbIM npaananaa nacssra,
H3)"'laJI cepHilHyIo TeXHHKy Ha npoasaeneaaax Befepaa, RYJIe3a, HOHO H
zpyrax aBTOpOB.
ECJIH opaerrraposarscs ua 3aIIHCU HCIIOJIHeIIH:H YKa3amn.IX CO'lJliHeB:lilit, 'ro MO)f(
HO 06HapYJKHTh nmpoKHii: ,l:tHaIIa30H HCnOmnl'reJIbCKHX asrepnperamra. Hanpaaep,
CaM Crpaaaacxa qaCTO BLICK33h1BaJI MI,ICJTh o TOM, 'lfI'O 3anHCH e era yqaCTHeM .HB
JImOTC.5I 06paJUOM H na.JlOHOM HCIIOJIHellIDl C06CTBeHHMX npoasaeneaaa.
A6cOJDCTHO paanasnst HHTepnpeTaIIHH KaHTaT aanpaesep, Po6ep
TOM KpaljJToM H Ilsepox RyJIe30M. Ilocne npocnymaaaaaa HCnOJIHeHHJI P. Kpadrra
C03.n;aeTCg BIIelIaTJIeHHe, no saararsr Be6epua - sro aacroaraa asaarapn. ):(0
BOJIl,HO nO,llBIDKIII>Ie TeMIlLI, MeTpopH'I"MlrtIeCKaJI T01JHOCTL. H BMeCTe C 'reM
pexeaae K rpananaa moaHCOB (aanpaxep, p 3B}"IHT KaK mj) XapaKTepH3j'1OT naa
HLm THn HCIIOJIHemrn. Ee3YCJIOBHO, Ila B3rJUl,ZJ;&I Kpaqrra
60JIbIDOe BJIIDlHHe OKaJaJI CaM Crpanancxaa, C KOTOPhIM OH HMeJI nonroe H nnono
TBOpHOe TBOpqeCKoe nonsepxayro TOIffiOH plITMHKH COqJI
BelIIDl.SIBIDIeTCH Xapa:KTepHOH qepTOH HCnOJIIDlTeJIbCKoro CTWm 3TOro ,IJ;BpIDKepa.
C'rpaBHBCKIJ:i:i 3HaJI MJ3Ln<y H .n;IDKe conoCTaBIDUI aexoropsre MeTp?PHT
h{HqeCKHe 3JIeMeH'I1>I (B qaCTHOCTH 'IpHO.rrn. HJJYIIlReHa sersrpe nona) B xanrare Das
Augenlicht op. 26 H II '1aCTH Canticum sacrum: ,OI yraepxnaro, 'ITO oIDHBan. 31\00.
c-rer Ha 'IpH. - 3Ua1JHT IIOTepJITb omynreaae qeTIdpex.nOJIDUOCTII H BMecTO IpHOJIeH
npocro nonysars TaKT CO CqeTOM Ha 'IpH B HOBOM TeMIIe l. M, .n;eHCTBHTeJIbHO, B sa
DRCH cP. KpaljJTOM see TPHOlIH B xanrarax op. 26, 29 H 31 YTJIOBaTO
ocrpste, nozrrepxayrsre - KaK pas TO, 'lfI'O Heo6xo,TJ;RMo, no aanrexy MHeHHlO. )(IDI HC
I10JIHemrn npoaaseneaa Crpaaaacxoro.
B .upyrOH 3aImCH - HCnOJIHeHHH rron ynpaanenaex II. EyJIe3a - ua nepBDIH nnaa
B:&mO,l{HTCH sxcrrpeccasasr xapaxrep Be6epHoBcKOH My.3FillCH. TeMIIbI B KaHTaTaX ue
CKOJIbKO cnoxoaaee qeM-y P. Kpaqrra, HO ORH cnoxomr HMeHHO 6JIaro.n;ap5l xapax
repy pasaeprsraaaaa My3LIKa.JILHOrO MarepHaJIa. BLI60p 3THX TeMIIO-BpeMeBBDIX YC
_ JIoBn:K H naer BeJIHKOJIeUH)'IO B03MOJKHOCTL )(IDI HCnO.JIHHTeJIbCKOro rubato II
IIO,[(BIDKHOii ,D;HHaMHKH, KOTopLIe oxem, y6emrreJIbHhl no crpoeamo IjlPa3bI H ljlopMe
COt:IHHeHWl B I(eJIOM.
C'rpaBRHcKIIif 01:JeHL BLlCOKO onenasan EyJIt3a 1(81< roq>IDKepa. Ou rOBOpHJI, 'lfI'O
nysnrae .n;HpHJKepLI - 3TO rrpeacre acero KOMII03Rrop:&lJ xoropsre <<.neKCTBHTeJIbUo
MOryr nocrarnyrs cyrs M)'3:&llGl B I(eJIOM, npOqyBCTBOBaB ee H3J1YIpH, a (OKa.maIe
MY3:&lliaHTLl He MOryr yraarsca sa KOMTI03RTOpa.MH no TOn npOCTOH npasaae, 'ITO
OBlI acerna OCTaHaBJIHBaIOTCH'y xaxo-ro sepna, a 3Ua'IHT B mnne npomnoros''. C
3THM, KOHe1:JHO, HeJIh3i1: nOJIHQCThIO corJIaCHT:&CH, HO .n;OJUl HCTIIHDI B 3TOM BLICKa3:&I
BaHHH HeCOMHeHHO eCTL. ,l{BpIDKepaM npa aHaJIH3e naprarypsr II Ha,D; neif B
onpeneneaasrx CJIY'IaJIX nosroraer 3Ha.HRe CO'IHHHTeJIbCKOrO npouecca. I11rrepecHoH,
l Cmpa6UHCKUU If. (/J. ABan-orn. - C.246.
2 TaM )ke, - C. 62.
. 29
Ha Ham B3rJUlJ( .lIBIDIeTCH CTaTEoSI O ):J;lIpIDKepax H ):J)IpIDKHpOBamnm (e. 184-192) H3
KUBnI df. Crpaaaacxa - ny6.1IHIJ,HCT H B xoropo KOMl103HTOP oseas
OCTpO OT.3LmaeTCH o xaorax B3BeCTm.IX ):J;lIpIDKepax H 06 HCKYCCTBe ,IJ;HpmKHpOBa
traa.:
B <<,ll;Harrorax (Ha e. 109-11O) npasonarca ycnosaaa B xoropoa CTJla
BHHCKHii CpaBHHBaeT cace TBoptIeCTBO e TBOpl!eCTBOM J1cnOJTh3yH 3T'j
arrero, MIJ npHBO,IJ;HM B 3aKJllOQeHHe aHaJIOIFIH)'lO Ta6JIHI:Q', KOTOpaJI 06LeKTIIBHO
HJI,JIEOCIpHPyer cymecrseaaoe p33JIWIHe TBOpqeCKHX CTpaBHHCKOro H Be
6epH3 H, COOTBeTCTBeHHO
J
,lJ;HcP<pepeBIJ;IIpOBaHHbIH HCnO.JIHRTem.CI.<l'IH IIO.n;xO,n K KX
ca1IHHeHIDlM:
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OIHomeHHe x TeMU}':
Ilfrpnxa:
Tamr BbIpil:nrreJU>HOCTH.
)1HBaMm<a:
XPOM8TH3M
J.I.lBpOKoe npaaerrenae rubato
Legati
Espressivo.Ileprarypn nOJIHbI 060
3Ha'leHIDt JnIHaMHKH
,I:(HaTOHHKa
Me1poHOMH'leCklUl TO'IHOCTh
Staccati
Seeco. Ilaprarypst CO,D;ep)l{8T
MHHHMYM o603HiFleHHii
)lHHaMI<l<H
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"
TIpo;:J;OJDKHTh Ta6mm;y MO)KHO CpaBHeHHeM 81>160pa TeKCTOB JJ;B}'MH KOMl103HTO
paxa. 3TH TeKC'l"hl, HecM0T.P.sI aa Bee HX p33J'IH'IHe, 6e3yCJIOBHO o6':r,e.lXHIDleT rnyfiana
c)')IC.ll;eBBii o CMLICne aenoaeaecxc >KH3HH:
\1)parMeH'l101 EH6mm H3 Hoaoro
nepBOHCTOQIlHl(;
J!HTepa'YPHWt CTHXH Xansnerapn :AoHe,
neMeIJ;KHit JDhIK II Berxoro 3aBeTOB, nersras
Xapaxrepacraxa: _ JIOJJWI C KpaCO'IIIbIMH, Crporae, OTIO"IeHHLle kaJIOHH
qyBCTBeHIIO-kOHKpenn.l:MH 06P83 "IecKHe 4lPaJbI. BbIpIDK<UOImie
aMK, nanresaaa CK)l(eTBOCTH. HO (oaKmIHarem.IllidD) xapexrep
otpIDKaIOIItaJI ronmceRBJI B nepxoanoro paryana
"IeckOM cepmre
lli CK33aHHOrO B:EdIIIe MO:>KBO p;OCTaT01JHO HCHO onpeztemrrs pa31IINH.lI B rroztxonax
K XOpOBOMY HHCbMY .llByx KOMII03HTOPOB, apTHKYJllII{BH, urrpHX3!d, ,lUIH3MHlCe, aro
raxc Mj COOTBeTCTBeRHO, B03HHKHYBIDee H3 sroro P33Hoo6p33Be aareprrperaira P;O
p;eKa!pOH:BL1X npoaaseneaa H Crpasancxoro.

,
04.epK mpemuii.
<dl canto sospeso JlyHroKH HOHO
Co 6peMeHU Ilpepeanuoii neCHU}J Me/IR npOOQJl::JICoem n02JlCJ
rqamb 3mo OIlfYU4HUe npepeannoomu veec-etc WlU sepes 'Ima
mo; ... KJlQCCU'lCKOe Augenblick PUnbKe, KO
mopoe nopoocoaem, npeoeocxmuaem. eperum:
JI. HOHO

KaHTaTa JI)'H.lOKH HOHO Il canto sospeso (<<IIpepBaHHaJI necas), HaIII:ICaHHIDI
oxono nOJIYBeKa aaaaa, - cassoe 3HaMeHJITOC II, B03MO:lKHO. caxoe cosepmeaaoe TBO
pCHHe KOMTI03HTOpa. O,lJJU1KO B enoe apexa 3TO cepaansaoe rrpoasaeneaae BbI3BaIIO
aenoyxeaae II HenpIDITIIe CaM1>IX pa3HLIX M}'3LIKaHTOB II KpHTHKOB. BHOJIHe eCTeCT
BeHHo, lffO (IIpepBaHH8Jl: necns He Morna Cpa3Y nOHpaBHThCH TeM, ICrO liMen HHI:iIe
M}'3bIKa.JILHO-3CTemqeCKHe npeJlCTaBJIeHIDI mm: 6LlJI 8QCDHTaH B aenpax npyroa
KYJIIirypLl. Ho 6MJIa eme II uneonorasecxaa oneaxa: KaK MO)f(HO TeKeT rrpencaepr
HLIX lIHceM yqaCTHHKoB eaponecxoro ConpOTHBJIeHW[ npsrars B aBamap.u;m.m 3BY
KOBOH MaTcpHarr? KplITHK3. 6bIJIa C nsyx cropoa: C COIJ;l:la.JIHCTHtlecKOID) (Kenzrsmr,
I.1IHeepCOH)J H C KamrraJIHC'I"HlieCKOID>, co CTOPOm.r KOJIJIer (lllTOKXa}'3eH). Kpac
HLIii aB3ETapMCTI) HOHO aapyman cnOKOHCTBHe H rex, u ,llpyrHX. CaM KOMn03HTOP
.n;eKJIapUpOBaJI csoro aepy B KOMMyHB3M
J
CtDITaJI aHr3)J{HpOBaHHbIM xyrrcsc
HHKOM II nOCBXTHJI MHO)J(eCTBO CBOHX npoaaaeneaa peBOJllOIJ;I:IOHHOH TeMaTHKe,
O)J;HaKO aBTOpCKHe 3aMI:.ICJlloI BOD1IOma.rrHCb B My.3bIKe, He acerna .n;OCTYJIHOH JIerK0MY
accnpasrmo.
JI. HOHO (1924-1990) npomen rrpexpacnyro IIIKOny KOMl103ffi1l1H P. Mammsepo,
D. Manepnsr Hr. Illepxeaa. 'Orposntoe B.JJIDIHHe, no CBlI,ll;eTe.JILCTBaM caaoro KOMIIO
3HTOPa, Ha nero OKa3aJIO 3. Bapesa H JI. ,l(aJl1Ian:macOJIbl.
CBOlO mo6HM)'IO znero MHO)KeeraeHHOem, HeOJtR03Ha'qHOCTH, erepeocxonaxao
cm eaM HOHO CpaBHlIBaII e 'raopxecsax MeTOJl.OM aesrenxoro nona c1>p:H..n;pH
xa nJThJlepJIHHa (1770-1843), KOTOpoIii BoenpOH3BOJlHTCJl B OJlHOM H3 H3JlllllHil cro
ecaaaeaaa: aan HCXO.n;HOi:t CTpO'llKOH noaenreasr npyrae, aarraeasnsre n03TOM npy
rm.m 'lIepHHJIaMH Ha rpeaeexosc II 41paIlI.(}'3cKOM H3:DIIC3X. TaKHM 06pa30M
J
Ha,u O,I:(HHM
CJIOBOM nsa, 'lpH, xersrpe, IDlTh. Taxo nponecc pa60TbI, no
eJIOBaM HOHO. H,lleT aa C'lIeT a:KKyMY.JUlI:(.llH p33HhIX THIIOB MarepUaIIa, p33HhIX mnOB
B03MO)l(HOCTeH, 3aK1I1O'lIeHHbIX B KPaHHe .n;arreKHX CJIOB3X. HH.or.n;a .n;eJIa
CT oT6op II3 3TIIX MarepIIaJIOB, a anorna - HeT: MhICJII, oeraerca OTKpbITOH, He rrpa
XOM K saacpnreaaroa'. l1MeHHo 3TO eoapeeseaaoe 41paHK4IypreKoe H3.n;aHHe nOTpHC
JIO Bo06pIDKeHHe H oHp2. KOMn03HTOP, no ero co6CTBeHHOMY rrpaaaaamo, ro.n;aMH
H3yqaJI coxaaenaa aeaenxoro n03Ta B HMeHHO TaKOM aapaaare, I1 BO MROroM TBOP
1:Jec.KIrli npoueec I'ensnepnaaa 6JIH30K KOMII03HTOpeKHM rrpamranaes HOHO: .n;OCTlI
, .
Ilar. no: Ityuaocu HOHO. A8T06HOrpalPH.II (lPpan.leHn>l HHTePBblO e 3. Pecraaso. Ilepeaon H
KOMMeHrapRH JI. B. KHIHU1JlHHo:li) /I XX BeJ{. 3apy6elKHWI M)'3b.1Ka: Osepxa II ,IloK}'MeH1l:.I. BLlD. 2.
M., .1995. - C. 70, . .
2 IIo:nHeA Ferrsnepnaaa npoHHKfIYT 3HaMemm.I:li xaaprer JI. HOHO
THlIIb, ):(UOTHMe ((Fragmente - Stille, an Diotima), 1979-1980. Do aee napnrrype xaaprera
$parMeHT!>l H3 CTHXDB n03Ta, HO He .lIBJlIDOTCR: UH 3rrnrpa$aMH, RH Ha3BaHIIliMH
paanenos, RH peMap:KaMHrnO cnoaaet JI. B. KHpKl1JIHHoit, 3TH IUITaThl cymeCTBYJOT 3BTOHOMHO. H MY
3b.1KaHThl ({MOryT naurs "aers" m< npo Ce6ID). CM. 06 nOM: KUPUl1J1UHQ JI. B. JI}'HD)KH HOHO II XX Be:K.
3apy6e)KHa.A My.3bIKa. BDIn. 2 . - M., 1995. - C. 48-49.
31
,
,
,
:.'
Ir, CANTO SOSPESO flYHJPKH HOHO
:>KeHRe enaacrseanoro pemeaas npaanarry OTKp:&TfOCTH :RJIH
M}lO)f(eCTBeHHOCTI:I 3Ha-qeHBi:l: H B03MOJKHOCTeH.
B cepezratrc 50-x ronoa B TBOp-qeCTBe HOHO arrrepec K
IlpOCTpa.HCTBeHHOMY cnsrmaaaro KIDK,lI;Oro 3neMema KOMII03HIl;HH H M}'3:&IIGlJThHO
CM:&!CJIOBOMY cTepeoljlORll3Myl. 3B}'K wm: CHOBO npU06peTIlIOT .06l>eMBocTh, KOTOM
PYJO HeJIb3j1 0603peT:& ueJDIKOM C o,IJ,HOu T01IKH 3peHIDI (3,ll;ec:& ytmThIBaIOTCH !paICTO
psr 3B}'KOBI:>ICOTHOCTH, .a;mIaM:HqeCKoii: npOTSDKeBHOCTH, reM6pOBOH OKpaCIGI, pHTMH
-qeCKOH ljlID)'p1:>I fi xapaicrepa IIpOH3HOmCHIDI). KOMII03HTOpCKaH TeXHHKa HOHO 03
sysaaaer He CTOJIE:.KO npm.a.Ie CMl:>ICJIhl
J
CKOJIE:.KO 3MOn;nOHaJThHMe H 1I03TnqCCKHe
06epTom.I CJIOB.
K nepaony 50 - 60-x ronos OTHOCHTCjI cosnaaae 60JIE:.IllHHCTBa XOpOBDlX COl!IIHe

md! HOHO, raxax, KaK 3ITHTa<!>HJf <t>eJlepHlW Jlopxe (1952-1953), <<II06eJla I'epaa-
I<H <La Victorie de Guemica) Ha eTHXH Il. 3moapa (1954), <<.JIro60BHllJl necns
<LiebesHeID) Ha eODcTBeHHLIe eTHXH (1954), 3eMJIJl H rronpyra (cl,a terra e la
compagna) Ha eJIOBa tj. Ilaseae (1957), Xopsr .!WIOHLD) (<<Cori di Didone) Ha
eJIOBa ,l(JK. YHTaPeTTH (1958), OHa npamna <Ha venido), Ilecaa Cansaaa =
conpaao u )KeHcKoro xopa Ha cnoaa A. Masano (1960)J <<IIecHH :>KH3HH H mo6BU: Ha
MOCTy XHpoeHMLD) (<<Canti di vita e d'amore) Ha eJIOBa I'. Amtepca, X. n. Ilaxeao H
tj. Ilasese (1962), <<IIecBH K fHOMap (<<Canti a Guomar ) Ha eJIOBa A. Maq3J\O
(1962-1963).
I.{cHTpaJThHOe MecTO B pR;J;y lIepe'lJ:HCneIIHDIX C01:JHHemtii samesaer Ka.HTaTa Il
canto sospeso (1955-\956). OHaBL\l\eJlJIOTeH HPKOCThIO My.3oIKam.Horo MaTepHana H
CJIY'KlIT 06pa3IJ;OM THnKtlHOH JWH atore BpeMeHH TeXImKH HOHO. Bee
rrpanerarontae K KaIITaTe npOH3Be,n;eHIDI CXO)J,HLI no mny IIHc:&Ma. B 60JIee n03MHX
onycax HOHO, no CJIOB8M 3. B. ,l:(eHRCOBa, HC Ot"Ka3:&IBaeI'CjI OT nO,lI.06HOrO rana rex
2
HHKH, HO accasranapyer ec C 66JIE:.me:fi CB060.uOH KOMII03H!UJOHHOro lIHC:&Ma .
llOBO.uOM )I.J!SI C03,lJ;8..HW1 KaHTaT&I <<IIpepBaHHaH necas )I.J!SI COJIHCTOB (conpano,
ansra, -reaopa), xopa H opxecrpa nocJIyJKHJIo 3H8KOMCTBO HOHO C KHHI'OH I1Hc:&Ma
npHrOBOpCHBI:>IX K cseepra yqaCTHHKOB esponccxoro ConpOTImJIeHIDl}). B:&III}'llleH
HOH Ha BTa.lIE>mCKOM .lI3:&JXC n TypBHC B 1954 rony II Ha HeMem<OM - n I.{lOpHXe B
1955-M (e /lPeJ\HCJlOBHeM T. MaHHa). CTPOKH 3Tm< JlOK)'MellTOB KaK 6LI JlOHOeHT JlO
cnyxa ronoca )'Mep1IDlX MOJIO.lJl,lX mo.ueu - )KelllqHH fi MyXCtmH. ioaonrea R nesymcx,
HHlIero HC 3H8BIDBX rrpyr o H ronOpHBIIIHX aa pa3HI:>IX H3:&rr<:ax. HO B csoa no
cne].l;HHii sac 1I0Pa3HTeJI:&HO enaasrx 110 lJ.YXY n cnoxono nepe n KOne1:JHOe TOP)Ke
CTBO Jl06pa.
Kamara COCTOHT H3 .l\eBJITH sacrea: I, rv H VITI -qacTII HHcTpy:MeHTaJl1>Hl:>Ie; III II
V-H. - COJIE:.Bl:Je; n. VI II IX-H. - xopossie. VIT qacT':& HanHC8Ha )VIR )KeHCKOro xopa,
conpaao COJIO H OpKeCTpa
3
. HTaJI:&mCKHe M}'3:&IKOBe.zr;:&I M. MHJra H P. )l;38HeTrn yxa
3:&maIOT Ha TO. lITO KaHTaTa IDdeer 'lJHCTO lI,lI;caJI:&1Ible .uM nOcnpH.lITIDI
pasacpta fi nponopnaa. llepBIdH 8BTOP n:&lCKa3aJI MLICJIE:. O TOM, qTO B OCHOBe ncero
l TaM lKe. - C. 26.
2t(eHucoe 3. B. ABa $ParMCRTa aa II canto sospesc JI. HOHO /1 CBBT. BE'lIHOCTh.
ITaMXTH 3,lJ;HCOHa Orarsa, BOCnOMHHaHlUi. Marepaamr I Pea-cocr. B. C. Ileeoaa. - M.,
1999. Ha 3'IY crarssc M!.I orrspaeaca B ,lJ.aJJ1,.HethneM aaanaae.

3,IJ.eCb, Ha Ham B3rJUlJt npOBeCTH napannem, C MarHH!jlHl<aTOM H. C. Baxa, rne lKeHcKlrl\
xop e,II;HHCIBeHKbrA pC13 X lJaCTH Suscepit Israel - caMOj;t npOHHKHOBeHHoti II 'JPOr3M
TeJlLHOH.
O'IEPKTPE7'HB
32
f
D.HK1Ia JICJKHT cTpYKTYPa KaTOJllItIeCKOH 3aynoKoHHoH MeCCI>I. r,ne Her Gloria, HO eerr,
Dies irac'. 3TY xoarrcrnraro BI>ICOKO o:u.eHIDI H CaM KOMl103BTOp.
i
i
I aacrr, co cMYIHO-cePI>IM)} (IlO ssrpaxeamo M. Mana) KOJIOpHTOM HaIIOMHHaer
Kyrie. 3aTeM cnezryer II qacn. - xop a cappella B xasecrse Credo. ,l:{eB:CTBHTe.JIDHO. B
rescre II qaCTH coztepaerrcs ClIMBOJI aepsr acero eoaaaeaas: YMUpalO 3Q MUp, KO
mopuii 60CCURem maKUM C6emOM, ma1<OU xpacomoii, lima MOR cepmea 1IU
lima 8 cpa8HeHUU e 3mUM. Munnuouu Jl10iJeu yuepnu 3G Rezo Ha tappuxaoax u eoiine.
JI yMupa10 30 HalUU uoeu (CJIOBa 50nrapcKoro yaarena a zcypaa
JIHeTa Aaroaa Ilorrona), B ill qaCTH :aCIIOJI!>3yroTCSI c);lparMeuThI rraccss -rpex rpese

CKBX roaome qen.tpHa,I:{II;am .n;eBHTH8,lUlam H .IJ;Ba,IJ;IJ.am ,II;BYX JIeT; TpH
mne ronoca, HeCOMHeHJ;lo. BbIpIDKaIOT cespammr CMLICJI TpOlfl!HOCTH. 3Ty qacn.
MO:>KHO CpaBHBTh e Pa3JI:eJIOM Crucifixus, V sacrs ,l:(JUI resopa H opxecrpa IlO conep
)KaIHIlO nareparyprroro rexcra H no TeM6pOBOMY pememno MO:>KHO yiIo.n:06HTI. pas
Jl.erry Lacrimose: <<ECJlU 6bZ He60 cman.o 6yMazoi1, a oce uop uupa uepuunauu, II ne
CMOzy nanucams BaM MOlO neCH10 u Bel! mo, 'Imo II ou:HCY BOKf1YZ JI ZOoOp1O
JlUZUb "npotuaic" u nnasyr (noIDIK XaHM, 14 JIeT). VI sacrs rpaxryercs KaK Dies irae
</(oepu omeopemmcx. 3mo uoym uaiuu y6UUl1bl. o uepuoe...). Tporarerrs
BOCTb caos fuo60BB -Illel3IJ;oBoH H3 VII -qaCTH: Ilpotqaii, MaMa, meon 00'1& Ibotixa
yxooum o cupyto 3eM1l10 COOTHOCRTC5I co CM:hICJIOM Agnus Dei. Crpoxa IX -qaCTIl
JIMeHR Hem cmpaxa cuepmsto... JI yxo:Hey C eepoii B JlYllutylO :JICU3nb - aa
sepmaror KaBTaTJ' C nopa3HTeJThHlJM tI}'BCTBOM :>Kep1'BeHHoro .cnOKoHCTBIDI B CBeT
.JIDIM B3rmmOM l3 6YJ1.Y1D;ee. ,
B OCHOBe KaHTaTbI JIe)fQIT 3l3yK0BI>ICOTHaJI cepaa acearrrepsamaoro nm:a
2
; HOHO
HCn0JTh30Ban ec B Ilecaax )!JIll 13-TH (<<Canti per 13, 1955) H onepe Herepna
MOCTM (1960) (Ilpaaep l). Oi\HOKO cepHilm.rii I1pHHIJ,lIIl pacnpocrpanserca B xasra
Te ne TO.JIDKO Ha 3ByKOBI>ICOTHOCTh, HO T3IOKe Ha pHTM II JtBHaMHKY (pHTMlfqecKaJI II
i\HHaMB'iecKlIJI CepHH 6y.l1YT paccxcrpeasr Ilanee).
3. B. Ileaacos B craree <<)l;OJl.eKalj;lOHIDI H np06neMl>I coepeaeaaoa KOMU.03HTOp
CKOH TeXB:mCB: BhI)le.ruleT PM 3ByKOB:LICOTHOH cepaa, KOTOPyro BC
n0JII.30BaJI BTa.JII:,.llHcKBii KOMH03HTOP B <<l1pepBaHHOH necne: CepIDI nOCTpoeB8.
KaK PM 3ByKOBI>IX xpyron, paeXO,IJ,IDIJ;HXCJI OT HCXO,IJ;HOH TO'lJ1Gl, H
BMeer caoett OCHOBO:H n:pOTRBOJJ;BIDKeHlle ,II;Byx XpOMa'fH'l!eCIaIX mnmii... cnOBO
"sospeso" (sospeso Ha lITaJIl,jffieKOM 5I3LIKe 03BaQaeT O,llHOBpeMeRHO B "npe
pBaHHLIii", B "nOBHeIIIB.H") MO:>KeT 6LI'Th ycnenmo n:pBMeHeHO H K CaMOH cepaa, TaK
KaK OHa "rrpepnaaa", XOTJI B npaanane OBa MOrJIa 6LI 61>ITL passopasaaaessa TaKHM
06pa30M no 6eCKOHe"lJHOeTH. (IJPH ncea KaJKYII(eHC5I He3aBepmeHHOCTH II npepnaa
1I0em 3TOii cepaa, OHa npenensao 3aMI<HyTa H eKOHIJ;eHTPHPOB8H3, TaK KaK nponon
xesae ee .n:aeT paxoxozrssra BHJl. H reM CaMhIM aoaapamaer ee K H3Ha-qaJIl,HOii T01JKe.
BMeCTe C TeM eepaa 3a.MJ.<HY1.'3 H BH)'TpH CaMO:H ee6J1, TaK KaK BTOpaJl: ee nOJIOBllHa
npencraanaer paxoxoztaoe aarepaansaoe rrepso (KBmrra -
KBapThI H T. n.))3. CBoe06pa3He cepaa aceaarepsamaoro THIla eOeTOHT B TOM, 'l:fI'0
OBa conepaorr B ee6e Bee B03MO)KBI,Ie anrepaansr, H TeM eaMDnd" eJIY'f<lf.T 6rraro.naT
o oO
I Kupunnusa JJ. B. J1yx.tJ;JkH HOHO. C. 25.
2 HCnOJTh30BaHHe cepaa, BKJ1]{JQaJOme1t B ace B03MO)KHl,le asrepaamr, acrpesaerca YJKe y
Bepra B J1HpH'IeCKo1t Cf.?HTe WUI crpyuaoro saaprera (1925-1926), a n03JKe y E. A. U;HMMepMaHa B
onepeCoJIJJ:aThm (1960).
3Iieuucoe 3. B. .!J:o,!l;etcaclloHH.ll H npo6nCM101 COBpeMeHHo1t KOMD03RTOpCKOit 'rexaaxa /I M)"3&IKa H
COBpCMClntOCTh. Bern. 6. - M., 1969. - C. 491-492.
- --
33
lt, CANTO SQSPESo nYH,lOKH HOHO
HOH: TeXHlflleCKOH: OCHOBOH: CO'lJHHeHIDI, n03BOJDiX IIOrryqRn. moferc coseranaa 3BY
KOB, pa3.JIH"mh1e 8KKOp.n;OB:DIe (<IDITHID), BIUIOTh ):(0 onsoepeaeaaoro COe,IJ;ErHeEIIDI pas
HOro KOJIl:llleCTBa MamdX ceK)'II.D:. naromax CJIHT'llYID B TeM6pOBOM OTHO
merom xpacxy (TIpHMep 1).
PaecMoTpI{M II qaCTb KaHTaThI, HaIIHeaHHj'lO ,ll)lH xopa a cappella. BeK qacn. no
erpoexa Ha 19 rrposezreaaax 3Byx.OBLICOTHOH cepaa B oeHODROM BH,lJ;e OT 3B)'Ka a,
npgqeM cepBiim.Ie pazrsa npoxonsr H no BepTIlKaJIH, H no ,ZJ;HarOBaJIl!. Hanpaaep, B
nepssrx mecra TaKT3X Il sacra cepaa rrpOBO,ltHTCJl TpH pasa: I'1AI'!JJI1am.B1.:Ie
(aaqllJThH!>Ie) a a T. 1 (e-alto 1), a B T. 3 (soprano 1), a B T. 5 (e.-altc 2)

(TIpHMep 2).
PHTMH'C!eCKM CepIDI KaHTaThI:
,
3 s


)l
J ,
)l.
J
o l)l

o
}1
J. J
)l.
, J
)l.
,
)l
,}1 ,.

\....J
'-------' '-------'
l 2 3 5 is lJ s 5 3 2 l
2 3 4 5 2 3 4 5 5 s 4 s
-,
'. o' .
.
-. "
0"-
." ,"
".-. -. ..-'
-""-'.-' --. ----....__ ....----
.--_.-_.----
..-_.,
""
-"'-"" -_ ...-..,.--"--
-""----
--.-. -- ..--. -- --..-------- ------- -- ." .---
..-------_..-.
Ilo lIHemrreIDIM OBa CBMMeTpH1IHa. Jloraxa ItBflJp lIHeJDITeIDI COCTOHT B cnenyro
mex; nocrrezryromee ""eno pasao e)'MMe,llBYX rrpe.lJ.EJ.!rYll\HX, TO ecrs 1 2+3=5,
5+3=8.5+8=13; sro TaK H33llmaeMLIii PAA <1>H6ouaqqH. 3uaMeua:reJIH PAAa 03HallaIOT
OCUOBHoH._pB'I'MH'tleCKOH C)I;HlIHIJ;I>I ua COOTBeTCTByrom;ae qac
TH 0 - e'ro BOe:bMWI. 4 - mecrn8,ll;llaTIlSl H T. n.), a -raemrrena - KO.JI1IqeCTBO 3THX aac
, . 3
TeR, aanpassep, J'. - 3TO 4, TO eCTL TpH mecraezmarsre, a
}1 J. - lJ4, TO CCTh TPHHa.rlI\aTh mecraannarsrx.
'-------' .
B nepaora nposeneaaa 3Byx.OBhICOTHoro pana KaJK.ll0MY 3B}'KY COOTBerCTByer on
peneneaaas pB'I'MH'qeeKWI e,lJlIHHIl;a:
3 3 5 s
.-- ---, r- --,

J, )l, J o l)l o
}1 J. J )l., J )l. ,
\....J
'-------' '-------'
l 3 5 8 13 lJ 5 3 2
co
" 2 4 s 2 3 4

s 4
.; 5 5
a b as h g e fis cis
f
d e es
Ilepssre qeTbIpe TOBa 3ByxOBhICOTHOH cepaa H3rraraIOTCH O,llHOBpeMeHHO, npa
3TOM CP33Y narorca see aersrpe oeaosnsrx BH)la ,n;po6neHWI MerplflecKOR
Ha.l!!@; (60CbMaH B e-alto 2), Im! (serseprs H3 rpyrmapoaxa mpuonunux 60CbMblX B
soprano 2), qeTh!j)e (TP" tuecmnaouamux B soprano 1) Ir WITh (seraeprs, pasaas
K6UnmORU mecraannarax, B e-alto 1) (CM. Ilpassep 2).
B .IJ:aJILUemneM TaKoe COBIIfI,IJ;eHHe rrapymaercs, TaK KRK quemrreJm pB'I'MH'qeCKO
ro pana nocnenoaarensao nepeMeII(3lOTCH Ha O,IJ;HY eronrnny C KIDK,llhIM ROBnIM npo
Be,n;eHlIeM cepna, TeM CaMhIM 06paJyH poranmo', TO ecrs HOBoe nposeneaae 36J!1<-O
eucomuoii cepaa 6y,n;er aasaaarsca He e nepso ,lVIlITeJILBOCTI! pUmMUlleCKOu ce
pHH, a C TOR ,Il)IHTeJII>HOCTH, qucmrrem. KOTOpOR 6y,n;er COOTBeTCTBOBan. qHCJIIITCJnO
cne.n;yrom;eH e,IJ;HllHllId pBTMl{qeCKOH cepaa. Harrpassep, sropoe nposenesae CCpHH
---------'h
I POTaIJ;HeD Hl!31>1BaeTCK raxoe nOCJIen:OBaHHe 3B}'KOB cepaa, npa KOropOM nepB1>tif aayx npezarny
mero paaa CTaHOBHTCK nOCJIep;HHM.
O'fC.PKTPEnrfl
34
HalJHHReTCR e WIHTeJILBOcm Zs (a He KaK B nepsoa nposeneaaa), rperse - xer
'- .
Beproe- 4. ruIToe - s li T. )J;
plJ)l;bl
12..... 3 5
2 J.
l 8
I! .i i3 t;.>: i ; l"" i
ID 3 5 8 13 13
..
G 2 1. .
i 2
IV 5 8 13 13
..a'"
5 3 2 1."",,"i
2 3
V 8 13 i3 8 5 3 2 l""""'j 2 3 5
13 13 8.5
VI 3 5 8
VI!
13 8 ""--5 3
2
i.} .... ; ;
8 13
.
II K Ce,llPMOM)' rrposeneaaro B03HHKaer CHMMeTPIDIlIHCJIIlTerreH pHTMH
qeCKOrO pxna: i3 8 5 3 2 i I i 2 3 5 8 13. B ilBeH=aTOM lKe nposezteaaa acsep
nsrsarorcs Bee B03MO)I(HOCTl1l:
VID 8 5 3 2 i i 2 3 5 8 13 13
IX 532 2 3 5
.8,,,,,''i3
13 8
X 3 2 i
....
3 5 } ...."" 13 13 8 3
XI 2 i""""'j 2 3
5 a"" 13
13 8 3 2
8 """,,"'13 13
XII L"""'T 2
3 5 8 5 2 l
Tpaaannaroe nposezteaae ,llOJDKHO cosnacrs e nepBI.IM. O,IJ;HaKO HOHO He noBTO
pser nepsoe nposeneaae, a nepexoznrr Cpa3Y KO BTOpOM)'. TaKHM 06pa30M. TpHHa
nnaroc rrposeneaae paBRO BTOPOMY, qeThIpHa,n;n;aToe - -rperseesy, a IDITHa,n;n;aTOe
qeTBepTOMY. aanpmsep:
235."
XIV = lli 3 ....8 a r . n.
XV IV 5 8 13
Ba.JKHO OTMeTHTb, 1JTO nocnenceerensaocrs Ko.JIIItIecTBa e,L\HHHlI, .upo6JIeHIDl. TO
eCTL 1IHCJmTeJIH, OCTaeTCJI aeH3MeHHOH )];0 KOHI(a, a C3MH TBDJ.d (Ha (11.
Ha@, Ha (V, II Ba @), TO ecu. 3HaMeaaTeJIH, sapsapyrorca Ha MHKPoypOBHe. TaKKM
06pa30M, .n;eJIeffile OCHOBHOi:! pH'I'MFlecKO:A e)(08Hl(bI (seraepra) MO)Ke'T 6LITL 3aMe
ueuo cJIe)l}'lOIIJ;HM 06p830M: II@ Ha l/@ aJIH Ha ll(%). Harrpassep, rpera 3JIeMeHT
parxasecxoro PAAa 3@ (TpH rrrecraazmarsae - }l.) BO BTOPOM rrposeneuaa cepaa B
T. 110 H3MeHSIeTCH Ha 3(%), TO eers Ba TpH BOCLMDIe- J. H COOTBeTCTByeT 3BYKY b B
napTIDI ten. 1, a B TpeTI>eM npOBe.n;eBIDl- B T. 112 - ,118HBI..Iii pH"I"MH'lIeclCIrlt 3JIeMeHT
<'4 - )l.) "'MeIDl:eTCH Ha )@- =JILHOCTh, paBH)'IO rpeM meCTB=aTLIM B rpyn
naposxe 5;4 H nepsossy 3BYKY cepaa - a B napnm c.-alto 2.
TaKHM 06p830M, KOJIHlleCTBO e)O(l1RHDO .up06JIeHIDI OCTaJIOCL HeH3MeHm1M - 3, a casra
BH,l\I>l,l\po6J1eHIDl MeHJllOTCH C @ Ha <ID " Ha @(IlpHMep 2).
CJIe,llOBaTeJThBO, B npOBe,llCHIDIX pHTMR'leCKOH CCpHH nOeTOHHHO npHCyrCTByIOT
He3Ha'tIHTeJThHhIe H3MeHeHIDI B OCBOBHhIX BH)J.ax .up06JIemur qeTBepTHJ reM CaMlilld
HCCKOJThKO yCJIOXHJDI pHTMHIIecKHii PAA. 3To oztaa H3 KOMlI03KTOP
CKOR TeXHHKH HOHO B ,llaHHOM COlIHHeHHH.
t.
,-' -,
n; CANTO SQSPESOll JIYH,lOKH HOHO
TIOCJIe;mme xersrpe npoaeneaaa cepaa (16-19) 06pa3yJOT 3aKJllQ'lHTeJIhHMii pas
llen lJaCTI:I H IIMefOT COBepmeHHO oco6yro pH'I'MlllJecKj'lO C'IpYK'IYPY, B KOTOpOH npe
06JIa,ZJ;aIOT nonrae ,lOIHrem.HOCTIf. TIpWIHHa 3TOro - OTlleJIeBBe CaMLIX 3HalJHTeJll,
m.rx CJIOB, BhtpIDKaIOID;I:IX HJ1.e:EO lJaCTH: Muoio per la giustizia. Le nostre idee
vinceranno. .. (<<YMUparo 3a Hatuu uoeu no6eoJlm)) (n. 142-157;
TIpHMep 3).
Jloraxa COOTHOmeHWI 3B}'KOBOH H PBTMlPJecKOH cepa B 3THX npOBe.n;eHIDIX 1J..0
BOm.HO CJIQ)KHa. TIOJq>06HO ee paccxorpen 3. B. ,l(eBBcoB B CTaTLe Ilna 4iparMeHTa
as "Il canto sospeso'' ll. Hono.
Bo II lJaCTH HOHo eme He paanenser eJIOBa no CJIOraM (spoxe enoaa barricate

[6appmc.a,n;bl] y 6aeOB B T. 137): <?eJIH B O,D;HOM ronoce enoso Haq]1[HaeTCH, TO B 3TOM
)Ke ronoce OHO H 3a:KaIJ1IHBaeTC-'l. 3Toii 33KOHOMepaoCTL:EO ofu,HeWleTCH B03HHKBOBe
BBe' KaJlC.UOrO rrocnenyiomero 3B}'Ka eepaa B TOM ana imOM ronoee: eCJIH CJIOBO
.n;O.JDKlIO npOllOIDKaTLCH, TO CJIeJlYlOII:J;HH 3B}'K cepaa (KOTOpLIH 1l0JDKeH BCTYJIHTL
BCJIe.n; aa 3aKa.IflDIBaIOIIJ;HMCJ{ B mo60M .npyroM ronoce), nOJIBJlJIeTCH HMeHHO B TOM
ronoce, me 1l0JDI(H0 npo.n;OJDKHTheH cnOBO. EcJIH enOBO npOH3HeceHO nOJIIIOeThlO
(wm, ecna ronoc BCl)'IDl1I Ha CaMOeTOHTem.nOH rnaeao), TO eneJlYlOmnH 3B}'K ee
PHIl HCnOJIIDleTCJI.npyrHM rOJIOCOM (TaKHM 06P330M nayast MOryr 6L1Tb npocraaneast
no-rm aBTOMaTHlJecKH).
Bo II lJaeTII xaararsr Hcnom.3YeTCH Ta10Ke eepaa ,ltBE3MHKH: nsrs CTa6HJlhHLIX
(TO ecrs HeH3MeWleMLIX, BLl,IJ;epJKaam.IX) orreaxoa YCT8HaBJIHBaIOTCH OTHoeJITeJILHO
rrerrrpa CHMMe1'pHH mp, KOTOP:E:.rli acrpesaercs TOm.KO B aeH3MeHHOM BH..II:e (6e3
crescendo H diminuendo):

ppp p Imp I mj j

Bce npyrae OTIeHKR BCT}'IlaIOT B eneJlYlOIIJ;B:e OTHomeHIDl:
............
pp < mj . ppp<j p<j j>p j> ppp mj> ppp
,,- ....
TeM eaMI.IM nOJl}"laeTCJI meCTL BhlIIIe}'K33aHHLlX M0,DyJIHpYJOm:ux (TO eCTL :a3Me
FUIlOIIlHXCJl) OITeHKOB, Ta1QKe YCT8HaBJIHBaJOID;I:IX CHMMe1'pHIO OTHoeHTeJILHO nearpa.
B 06= qepTax MI>I paeexorpena KOMn03BI\H0ffi!YlO CIpYKTYJlY II qBCTB:, oc
TaJIl:,HLIe XOpOB:DIe lJaCTII 110 rexsaxe BO MHOroM CHeR cxoxa. Harrpassep, :QC 'sacre
(xop H JnITaBp:DI) sxmosaer 17 rrpoaeneaa 3B}'KOBI.JCOTHOM cepaa; KaK H Il sacrs,
OHa HM:eeT 3aKJI1OlJHTeJll,HLm pasnen - KO,IJy, B xoropo xop rroer 3aKpL1'I1:JM prox
(bocca chiusa) 15, 16, 17 nposeneaas cepaa (CM. TIpHMep4 B).
B nocnensea lJaCTH KaBTaTLI meCTL ,IJ;HHaMHtIecKHX. OITeHKOB:
ppp, pp, p, mp, mj, j
H ceMl> M0.!lYJIHjlYJO=:
ppp <j, pp < mj, p <mp.fppp, mj>pp. mj>ppp, mp>p.
B 3TOH lJaCTH nnepasre eJIOBO p33J(eIDIeTCJl 110 CJIoraM, KOTOp:DIe nepezrarorca
p33HLIM ronocasr, OJtH3KO naprarypa He BbIrIDJ)J,lIT nepeycnosoreaaoa, HanpOTIlB,
MO)KHO JIHIIll:, BoeXHlIlaTLCJI tUICTOTOH JIHB::H:i:l: H Bblp33JITem.HOCTh:EO KaJIC,L{Oro 3ByKa
..
(IIpHMep 4 A, B).
Ol/EPK1PErHIt
36
Heofisrsao pemeaae VI llaCTH xaararsr HOHO: aro e.n;HHCTBeHBaJI xacrs, COCTOH
max H3 nsyx paanenoa - VI a H VI b, COe.n;HHeIIH:bIX attacca. ,l:(mJ: paanena VI a xapax
TepeH HOBbIDIeHHLrlt yposeas JlHHaMHKH e M0.DY.JIHPY1OIUllX OTreH-:
KOB - ppp <jJf. p <J, mp <mj, jJf>ppp, I>p, ml>mp, KOTOp",ee03i\aIOT srresarne
BRe qpe3BIJtla:AHOH B3BOJIHOBaHHOCTH H IIOCTO.HHHOro 3BYKoBoro HarHeTa.HIDI.
(CTa6HJll,Hl.Ie orreaxa 3TOli qacTR-ppp, p, mp, mf, J, jJf.) Pasnen VIb, HarrpOTHB,
eBOHMH era6HJll,""u.m OTTeHKaMH: ppp, pp, p, mp, mj, IrrpHi\aeT cnoxocraae 'rpa
J"IIlIeCKHM cnosasc KaJ<. llaecezoa npoiqamscn e npexpacuoii :cu3llb1O!. B
3TOM paanene rexcr, rrpOH3HOCm.n.rH B O)l;HHX ronocax, (aIO,ll;CSe'lJHBaeTCID) TJIaCHIiIMH
Bnpyrax, aarrpasrep BTT. 389-392 (Ilpm.<ep 5).
3roT IIO,ll;CSe'lJHBamUl}) TeKC'Ia xapazrepea H ,l(IDl III 1JacTH, r.ne HCIIOm.
3)'1OTeX rpa rexcra H rpa CO.JIHPYIOIIJiIx ronoca, Ilo CJIOBaM JI. B. l(gpRJUIRHOH,
4l0mI3M TrraeHE>IX HMeeT CBOIO Bblpa3HTem.HOCTh H ceMaHTHKY: "oJI, xpo
BaBO-KpaCHoe ''a"J I<e " H <lu" KaK 6LI BHCRIIlBe Ha O,ZJ;HoA HHTID) I
paaaen 1JaCTH VI a coeroar D3 xersrpex rrpe,l:VIomeB:Hii nareparypnoro
rexcra, B nepsoss D3 HHX e.n;HHCTBeBHl:Jit pas xopossre ronoca (sopr. 1, c-aIto 1 a 2,
ten. 1 H 2, basso l) 3B}"IaT Ha onaoa sucore - es (TT. 319-321) - le porte s'aprono
omeopstomcxm. HecOMHeHBO, 3BTOp I:!CnOJIL3YeT snecr, eansaemee ssipa
3HTe.1IhBOe Cpe)l;CTBO - XOpOBOH yaacos. B 3TOM npennoxesaa ronoea BCTyIIaIOT I10
osepenao (Ba e.llHH)'lO BEdC01Y) co CJIOBaMH Le porte S'aprono, HO Cpa3B:LJ},t: pHT
MHl:JecKHM pHCym<OM H C Pa3JIHl:JHhIMH .n;HHaMHl:JeCKHMH MOJJY.IUIIlIDIMH (XOT1[, B OC
BOBBOM. cnsmrarcs .n;HH3MlflIecKHii orrenox - ffJ). Bo sropoa npennoaceaaa
(TI. 328-344) Eccoli i nostri assastnt (esmo uaiuu y6UUtjbl) XOpOBEde ronoca
paexoWITCJI no norryroB3M ssepx H BHH3 OT es (y )KeBCKI:IX ronocoa - e, y M}')KCKI:IX
dj. B TJ'OTheM npennoaceaaa (TT. 345-351) - vestiti di nero (<<ocJem",e 8 epuoe)
npO)];OIDKaeTCSI Ila nonyroaax saepx H BHH3: 3B)'KH )f(enCKOro xopa - f, fis,
cis i\Y6lIHpyroTCg MyJKeKHM. Soprano l H 2, e-alto l H tenore l H 2; basso 2 e pa3""IM
pHTMOM H ,llHHaMmCOH npOH3BOC.lIT O,llHH H TOT )Ke TCKCT. B nOCJIe.ztHeM lJeTBeproM
npei\HO>KeHHH rrepsoro pasnena VI "aeTR (TT. 352-363) rrOJIBmnarc" OCTaBIIIHeeg
3ByKR .ZtJUI 3aIIOJIHeHIDl OKT3BLI - e, h, a, as, g B xope H b B opxeerpe. 3Byq
BOCT:& aapacraer aa eser acrynnenas scero xopa (KIDK;:l:aJI napras div. in 2) - Ci
cacciano dalla sinagoga (<<OHu uacmueatom nac 8 CUHtJ20Za;m).
pena paCXO)JQleHBe XOpOB:&IX ronoeos no nonyroaaes BBepX a BHH3
C03)];aeT ::up4leKT Ha,n;BHraIOmeAeH crpanmo pa3BS3ICH, HO nanee, KaK roBOpRJIOe:&
B:&IIIIe, npomansasre enosa cneztyiomero pasnena VI lJaeTH (b) 3BYlJaT .nOpa3HTeJIDBO
CnOKO:H::HO, H nocnenaa 3BYK a rperse OKT3B:&I ppp Y nepssrx CKpHnOK KaK 6:&1 no-
B:aeaeT B B03JJYXe. .
B VII lJaCTH K3HTaThI - CaMOH }'MHpOTBOpeHHOH H 1poraTe.JThBOH no TeKcry
npeofinanaer THXaJI ,l{HHaMHKa, rpa cTa6HJI:&H:&IX OTIeHKa - ppp, P H mj- Be HMelOT
l KUPIUlJIUHQ JI.. B. Iler. CO'i. - C. 29. Harepeeso oraerars, 'tJTO 'f:C. llIToKXa)'3eH B OJUlot:t H3 CT8
. 're11 nOJ]; 06IIJ;HM Ha3BaHHeM <M)'3T:.IKa H Jr3EJlO) aHaJIH3HpYeT npamran JI. HOHO C nareparyp
mIM HCTO'!HHKOM B Ilpepaaaao neeee. M no MHeHHlO lUTOKXa)'3eHa. HOHO ue aarepnperapyer
.H He t<;OMMeanrpyen) 'reKCT, OH, nanpoms. penyrrapyer 1l3LiK Ha 38yqHOCTH H 31"HM C03J];aer My.3LI
sy. Y HOHO HeMeIJ){lrlt KOMII03HTOp OTMe'l{ReT B 0PraHH3aIJ;K1t rJIacHLlX cepni1Hylo C1p}'Kl)'Py, KOTO
rronaepraerca aepsryrartaa. 31a cepas, H3 meCTH rJIaCHl>IX 4>OHeM. COO11leTC'IByroIIJ;HX.
6}'KBaM Q, tj, e, i. o. u, 31UOtJ;O'ieHaB cnorax rexcra, IIOI{"IepKHy1l>IX 60m.IIIHMH nneremaccraaa B on
liOM H3 IllIaCTOB COlJHB:eHIDl, H OCTaJIl,HbIe 1lJIaCThJ: TaJQKe opHeHTHp)'lOTCH Ha 3TIl rnacaere (06 :nOM
CM: Xnutioea C. A. KOMII03HII;Hli Illrosxayaesa B ftJITaJ10nm: CBET. AHnn.
MrK, 1997. - C. 76).
ll. CANTO sosreso JIYH,!IlttH HOHO 37
oTKIIoaeHBii:. OC06e.HHOcn. xopoaoro saysaaax 3TOa tIaCTH 3aKJ11O'tJaeTCR B TOM. no
nerxac, rrpoapaaasre :lKeaCKHe ronoca He npOH3HOC.RT TeKCTa, mm IIOlOT boccachiusa
(3aKPLlThIM pTOM), normale (o6LI'lHo), bacco quasi chiusa (KaK 6LI 3aKPLITLlM prox)
H bacca quasi aperta (KaK 6LI OTKpIJIDIM proa), a TeKCT 3ByqRT Ycaaoro CBeTJIOrO
COJIIIPyIOIItero - corrpaao.

B Ilpepsaanoji necae, Ila CBH,IJ.eTeJILCTBy KOMII03lITOPa, oI:J:l;)"InaeTCJI CBlI3I. e
anoxa B03pO)K,[(eBIDI H panaero H .llIDKe e nOmrreKCTOB&IMH
MoTeTaMH XII sexa. Bo BpeMH Ha.Dl!CBIIIDI KaRTanI HOHO rrpOHBJISUI oco6eEiHblH KH
repec K Mecce h-moll Baxa H PCKBueMY Morrapra, K 'IeM IIOJIH!pOBWIe
. . 1
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I
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repaan KIDK,lJ;ott aacra no-p83H0M)' (rrOJIHLm TeKCT
COrrpOTHBJICBIDI I1pHBO,llB.TCH B Ilpancsceaaa I, aTeKCT. HCnOJIb3yeMLIii HOHO, II ero
nepeson - B IIpIDIo)Kemm 11). Kax )?Kc YI<a3Lma.rrOCL, BO II H VI CJIom, Ha KO
,
TOpLIe Pa36HBalOTCX CJIOBa, He nepenaiorca Pa3HLJM roJIOCaM, IX lJB.CTB; B
f;
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q,ORa.
XOTH coaaneaae HOHO paccsaraao Ha iPOBH3M H xpacxy BT8JILHHCKOro IDIoma, He
KIDK)J;OC CJIOBO nerxo BocnpHHBMaCTCH crrynrarenesr. KIDKercHJ qT() CMLIcn
rexcra OT nac YCKOnb3aeT. :::ho npOHCXO.n;aT noTOMY, no BH O,D;Ha !ppa3a He 3ByqHT
ll.eJIHKOM B O):(BOM ronoce: CJIOBa paccpe,uOT01IHB<UOTCH no BepTHKaJm II ztaaroaana,
Pa36HBaIOTCH Ha CJIom H 4loHeMLI. Pacccasaaae H 3aTYIJIeBLmaHHe CJIOB npOllCXO,D;JiIT
HeTOJII,KO H3-3a HXoco6oro pacnpezreneaas M.e:ac,ny rOJIOC3MH
J
HO II aa KOHTpa
craocra H IIO,ll;BIDKHOCTB ,lJ;BHaMHllCCKHX orreaxos, KaK, aanpaxep, B 'IT. 108-118
II 'IlaCTH:
x,p T. 108 T.I09. T.1I0 T. III T.1l2 T. 113 T.114. T.IIS T.1I6 T.1I7 T. 118
sl Muo-lo mon-do IplelHle-ra
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csaraerca 06merrpH3HaBB:bIM me.o;eBpOM JI}'H.lJ)lOI HOHO. Ilo era co6CTBeH
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II03ToMY CO.IJ;ep1Ka.mIe npOH3Be.ZJ;eHHi:i HOHO, XaK c1JII'T3.er CaM asrop, scerna aaxo
,llHTCH B nOJmOM COOTBeTCTBHH co CIIOCOO8MH ero
I KUPIiJll1UHQ JI. B. IJ;HT. COli. - C. 34.
41 (UL cANTO SOSPESO JIYH,WKH HOHO
IIPHJIOJKEHUE I
IID:CbMS nparoecpeaasrx K CMepTB yo:t:Sero:mcOB
EBpOUeUCKOrO COUpOTHBJlenlUl (Typan, 1954; qropux, 1955)'
IL CANTO SOSPESO
Le lettere di cui da lettura non sono parte
tntegrarue della composizione.
Anton Popov, Bulgaria, di anni 26,

tnsegnante e pubbltcista
Sofia, Career; centrali
1942
Cara mamma.
caro fratello,
CaIa sorella., .
io muoia per un mondo ehe con
luee tanto forte, eon tale bellezza ehe il mio stesso
sacrificio e nulla. Confortatevi pensando che per
esso sono morti milioni di uomiDi in migliaia di
lotte sulJe barricate e sui fronti di guerra.
,.
Consolatevi pensando che muoio per la giustizia.
Consolatevi pens ando che le nostre idee
vinceranno...
Anton
Andreas Likourinos, Grecta, di anni 14,
studente liceale
,
,
Papa,
mi portano a Kessariani per l'esecuzione
insieme ad altri sette detenuti [...] Ti prego molto,
avverti le loro case. Non vi addolorate. Muoiu per
la Liberta e la Patria.
Andreas
Grecta, di anni 19,
studente
Cara rnammina, papa e sorelline, oggi 5
giugno 42 ci flieileranno. Moriamo da uomini per
la patria. Non soffro affatto e cosi non voglio che
voi soffriate. Non voglio pianti ne lacrime.
Abbiate pazienza. Vi auguro di essere felici e non
addoloratevi per me. Saluti di tuttocuore a tutti.
SlAMO DEGN! DEI NOSTRI AVI E DELLA
GRECIA. Non tremo affatto, e vi scrivo dritto in
piedi. Respiro per l'ultima volta la profumata aria
IL CANTO SOSPESO
Die veriesenen Briefe sind nicht Bestandteil
der Kamposuion:
Anton Popow, Bulgorien, 26 jiihriger Lehrer
und Joumaltst
Sofia. Zentraigefangnis
22. Juli 1942
Liebe Mama!
Lieber Bruder!
"Liebe Sehwester!
leh sterbe ftlr eine Welt, die mit so starkem
Lieht, soleher SeMnheit strahleri wird, mein
eigenes Opfer nichts ist. Euch im
Gedanken, fUr sie Millionen von Menschen in
Tausenden von Kampfen auf den Barrikaden und
an den Kriegsfronten gestorben sind. Euch
im Gedanken, dall ich fUr die Gerechtigkeit
sterbe. Eueh im Gedanken, dall unsere
Ideen siegen werden...
Anton
Andreas Likourlnos, Griechenland, 14jtihrige
Schiiler
Papa!
Sie bringen mich nach Kessari.ani ftlr die
Hinrichtung, zusammen mit sieben anderen
Verhafteten [...] Ich bitte Dich sehr, verstandige
ihre Familien. Betrnbe Dich nicht. Ich sterbe fUr
die Freiheit und dasVaterland.
Andreas
BlefthertosKtosses, Grtechenland,
Student
Liebe Mama., Papa und Schwesterchen!
Heute, am 5. Juni 1942, werden sie uns fUsilieren.
Wir sterben als Manner fUr das .vaterland. Ich
leide durch aus nicht, und darum will ich auch
nicht, Ihr leidet. Ich will keine Klagen und
keine Tranen. Habt Geduld, Ich wunsche Buch,
daj Ibr gUlck1ich seid und Buch meinetwegen
nicht betrUbet. von ganzem Herzen an alle.
WIR SIND UNSERER AHNEN UND
GRIECHENLANDS WORDIG. Ich zittere nicht,
,
,

"
I B ITpRJlO:lKeHHH I IIpHBO,llllTClI nO.JI:HLIe TeKCThI naceer yqaCTHHKoB eaponecxoro COIIpOTIlllJle
tl HIDI. BIlpanoscesaa II - lPparMeHThI DHceM, CJl}')Kam;HX ocaoaort KaJITaThI Ilpepaaaaaa neCHL).
'J


O'lEPKTPETHIl
44
alla tomba. Per i bambinl sii sempre quello che sei Sei den Kindem immer das, was ich an Dir harte,
stato per me, un compagno! [...] Sperando nella ein Kamerad! [...] In der Hoffnung aut das Leben
vita, mi avvio alla morte. Vado con la fede in una gehe ich in den Tod. Ich gebe im Glauben an eio
vita migliore per voi. Siamo forti! [...] besseres Leben fUr Euch. Stark wollen wir sein.
[.. ]
IIPHJIOJKEHDE II
TeKCT KaRTanI JI. HOBO <dIpepBBBH3JI ueCBL
e uepeBo.n;OM BB PYCCKBH BlhIK

1
L Orchestra
II. Coro a cappella
... muoia per un mondo chc splendera con luce
tanto forte con tale bcllezza che il mio nesse sacrificio
non nulla. Per esse sono morti milioni di uomini
sulle barricate e in guerra. Muoia per la gustizia. Le
nostre idee vinceraeac. oo
m. Soprano, alto e tenore soli e orchestra
... mi portano a KessarianI per I'esecuzicne
insieme a altri sette. Muoia per la liberta e per la
patria...
...oggi ci fucileranno. Mariamo da uomini per la
petne, Siate degni dj noi...
... m'impiccheranno nella piazza perche sono
patriota Tuo figlio sc ne va. non sentir le cempane
della Hbert...
IV. Orchestra
V. Tenore solo e orchestra
... se il cielo fosse carte e tutti i mari del mondo
lncbtostro, non potrei deserivervi le mie sofferenze e
tutto cio chc vedo interne B me. Dico addio a tutti e
piango...
VI B. Coro e erehestra
.. .le portc s'apomo. Eccoli j nostrt assassini.
Vestiti di nero. Ci cecctenc dalla sinagoga.
VI b. Coro e orchestra
Com'e duro dire addio per sempre alla vita cosi
bella!
VII. Soprano solo, femminile e orchestra
... addio mamma. tua figlia Ljubka se ne va
nell'umida terra...
VID. Orchestra
IX. Coro e timpani
... non ho pauradelIa morte
... sato calmo e tranquilln di :fronte al plotonc di
csecuzione. Sono cosi tranquilli colom che ci hanno
condannate?..
... con la fede in una vita mialicre per voi...
... JI )'MHpIllO 3a MIip. KOTOp&rlt BOCCKJICT TIllCHM
caCTOM. raxo xpacaroA, 'ITO MOJI :lKeptll8 HH'UO B
CpaBHeHHH C 3THM. MHrurnOHLI .mo,ncA )'MepJ1H aa Hero
HB 6appmcalJ.1iX K HaBORae. JI )'MHplllO 3B npaw. HB
WH H.lteH ncteasr,
OHR npFmCJIH MeHJI K KeccapHBHH Ha 1Cll3Hl> BMe
ere e ceMl>1O ltPyntMH. JI )'MHp1llO 3B cBo60JtY H ponn
HY.
cercnaa OUH HBC paccrpename, MN: )'MepJIH JalI(
M)'lK'IHHI>I aa Po.mrn:y. 6y.DPTC .l{OCTO!tHw Hac...
OHR lIOBeCIIJIH MeHJI Ha nnollllUlH 3B TO. 'ITO ll'
6bl1I nerpaorca. TBoA Cl>IH yxo)J;H1'. OH HJ{Kor,na He ye
JILlIIIHT xonoxone ca060;n.r.
... ecrne C'I"8.fIYl' 6YMarolO. B Bee MOpJI MH
pa - '1epHItJUlMK, JI HC CMOry HarIHCllTI> BaM CBOlO nee
IDO, H ace TO, 'ITO JI BIDKY aoxpyr- ee511. JI rosopjo BeeM
npcma H nna'l}'...
...,nacPH OTBOPJIIOI'GJl. 3ro HIWIH y6HJ:iItE,I. O.l{eThle
B sepsoe. ORH HB.CTHraIOT Hac B Csaarore.
Kax rcseno aaacerna npcmerscs e TakoA npe
KpacHoA lKH3Hh101
... npomal!:.MaMa.mOj[.nO.l:L 1IIo6Ka yxo,llHT a CL1
PYlO seemo.
Y MeHJI Her crpexe ncpen CMepnlO...
JI OCT8K>Ch cnoKoAm.lM Hroroe Kacrpeqe C 00
naIlaMH. Hey.lkenH TaK CnOkQCH TOT. lITO Hacocy,nH1I?.
JlItlJY e BepoA BJIY'!lIIYlO ...
.
I B COJILHhIX H XOPOB'I>IX napTKIIX neprarypn II canto scspeso JI. HOHO 1IpHBO,lJ;HT nae JlJI>IKa
mam.JlHcKHfi H non HHM - HeMellKH1t, O,lIRlUCO saarera npaxraxecxa acerna HCnOJlHJl:eTClI Ha KT'aIlI>XH
CkOM sauxe. Co-raaeaae Ha:JBaHO nO-HTaJI!,JlHCKH H paCC'tHT8HO Ha 4l0HlOM HMeHHO ::ITOro Jl::JIolka.
45 lt, CANTO SQSPESO) JIYlf,I:tlKH HOHO
BeKOTopLIe xopeesre COl:JHReOwt JIyB.AiKH HOHO
3IIHTa<jJHlI lel\epm<o Fapcaa Jlopxe, 1952-1953.
Ifofiena Fepaaxa (,<La Victorie de Guernica) HaCTIIXB Il. 3moapa, 1954.
,<11lo60BHaJI necas (el.iebeslied) Ha CTHXH HOHO, 195.4.
rreeas (<<ll eanto sospeso), 1955-1956.
3eMJIJI H IIOJlPyrn>} (el.a terra e la compagna) Ha CJ10Ba tI. Ilaaese, 1957.
<<X0PLI ,l\JmOHbD} (<<Cori di Didone) Ha CJ10Ba):\Jle. YHTapeTTH, 1958.
OBa npHIIlJIa. Ilecaa Cwn.BHH ,ll.IDI conpaao 1:1 )KeBCKOro xopa ua cnosa
A. Maxazto (,eHa venido), 1960.
nece )KH31IH H mo6BH: Ha MOeT}' XHpOCHMIoD) (Canti di vita e d'amore) Ha
CJ10Ba r. Aanepca, X, JI. Ifaseao- H tI. Ilaaese, 1962.
K rHoMap (<<Canti a GUOmaI>}) Ha enesa A. Ma'!aI\O, 1962-1963.
(<!lOMHH. 'lITO e '1'06010 6LlJIO B OCBeHIJ;HMe ln" My3DIKe K JlPaMe n. Baca
,<J(03HaHHe>>, 1965-1966.
<<J(LImamaJI acnocrs 6hITIDO) <Das atmende Klarsein), 1981.
Ifyraaxa... Asxyao (<<Caminantes.".. ayacucho) Ha reKCT JIaTHHCKOro CQHeTa
):\JIe0Pl\aHO Bpyao, 1986--1987.
Xop ysacrayer B onepax TIon :2CapKIDd CO.1IBI(eM, nomrsra mo6BID>, II
1984-1985.
PeKOMeHJQ"'eM8U J1HTepa1YP8
SOJiCUq P. JlyH.D;lfCH HOHO B sepxane BpeMeHH II COB. My3LIKa. - 1991. - N. 7.
rUH36ypzJI C.l1HTePBblO e JI. HOHO II COB. My3LIKa. - 1974. - N. 4.
Ileuucoe 3. B. ,D;O.neKRtPOHH.ll II rrpo6neMLI cospeaeasoa KOMn03HTOpCKOH TeXHH
Im II My3LIKa H eOBpeMeHHoCTh. Bsm, 6. - M., 1969.
<
. Ileuucoe 3. B. <jJparMema ID Il canto sospeso JI. HOHO II CBET. .n;OEPO.
.
BE'IHOCTb. I1aMJITH 3I\HCOHa .n;eHHCOBa. CTaThH, BOClIOMHHllIlHiI, MaTepHaJILI I
Pert-cocr. B. C. Ileaoaa. - M., 1999.
Kenouu: 10 B. Ilecas, xoropax He npossysana II COB. My3LIKa. - 1958. - N. II.
KUpWlJlUHO JI B. JlyH)J,lfCH HOHO II XX BeK. 3apy6""",,,,, My3LIKa: O'!epKH H 1\0
K}'MeHThI. BLIII. 2. - M., 1995.
Kpesap r. Ilyrn H nepenyrsa OI\HOR JlPyJK6LI II My3LIKaJIbH"" aKaI\eMHJl.
1996. -N.1.
Kyp6amCKaR C. A. Cepaaaa My.3LIKa: BOnpOCLl TeOpKH, HCTOpmI, 3CTeTHKH.
M., 1996.
HOHO JI Hailm CBOIO 3B03.uy. l1HTePBblO II COB. My3LIKa. - 1989. - N. 2.
HOHO JI. ABro6HoTPa<jJHlI (<jJparMeRTLI HHTepBblO e 3. Pecraaso) II XX BeK. Sa
py6e"",,,,, My3brxa: O'!epKH H 1l0K}'MeHTLI. Bsm. 2.'- M., 1995.
Ilecmanouua JI HOHO My3LIKarreH BO acev II My3LIKaJIbH"" aKaI\eMHJl. - 1996.
N.1.
TIpaB)JJffiaJI HCTOpIDI, paccsaaaaaaz MapKoM Ilexapcsuu o TOM, KaK OH n03HaKO
MRJICJl e n}'ll.lOKH HOHO, KaK TOT HaMepHJlCH era ozrapars, Ka.K Ilexapcxa cKIJE:oIBan
ex, HO era H3JIOBHJIH H O.llapHJIH, - H Bee src e pa3fJIarOJILCTBOBaIIIDIMH o My.3LIKe, o
eze (H)Ke e ae), o KOMn031ITOPax, o norone H, KOHe'IJHO, o ce6e /I M}'3:E:JKaJU>HaJI
aKai\eMHJl. - 1996. - N. I.
Tapnononscxuu B. r. Contrappunto dialettico II My3bIKaJIbH"" aKaI\eMHJl.
1996. - N. 1. 1,
XO!lJIep X ll. Bcerna IIO-HOBOM)', Bee BpeMJl IIRa'!e II My3bIKalIbH"" 3KaI\eMHJl.
1996. -N.J.
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46
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KaJILm.lX lifJ{eR y npHBO,D;aT K R8CLlm;eBBOCTB BpeMeHH. WB CB513li C :nHM
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2 JlyuOJICU HOHO. ABro6Horpaq.IDI. - C. 68. BLmeJIeHO MHOIO. - M. E.
r JIABA 2. COHOPIIKA. A.rrEATOPIIKA.
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pa). Y)KaeaIOIIU'IC C06Ll1"IDl BOCHHoro BpCMCHH HaIIIJIH enoe aonnoureane B PCICBHCMC,
3aMLICeJ! xoroporo J1HreTH BblHaIIIHBaJI HCCKOJII,KO ner. Ii JllIIIIL e rpersctt IIOIILITKB,
B 6o-e rO,IU.I, KOMIl03HTOP 3aBCPIIUIJI llPOH3BC,ll;CHHC.
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caasana KaR CTY.o;eHT, a 3areM - KaK nperronanarens My3LIKaJThBO-TeOpeT1r'IeCKHX
,unCItHIIJmH. Co6I:.ITID1 OceHH 1956 rol{a- BBOl{ COBercKHX BOi1CK B Bynarrenrr IIpH >
BeJIH KOMII031:1TOpa K pemeaaro nosaayrs BeHTPmD. OH rrcpeexan B <lJpr, rne era
IIpHIDIJI B eaoesr .o;OMe K. II1ToKXay3eH. C 1957 rona )KH3m. KOMl103HTOpa rrporexaer
Me:>K.llY Aacrpae H Fepvarraea, - Jlarera nOCTeneHHO lI3BeCTHOeTh
KaK M}'3I.IKOBe.o; H KOMIT03I:1TOP, TBopqeCTBO KOTOpOro BaxOroITC.R B pycne espone
CKOro anaarapzta. O,lJ;HaKO eaM Jlarera aaxorna He rrpeyeenasaaax 3HaqeHIDI xyno
lKOCTBeHHLIX orspsrraa asaarapzta. ITo MLICJlli 10. B. Kpeilmmoii, B !j>0PMHJlOBamm
B3r.mI,lI;DB KOMl103HTOpa csrrpana pom. H rr03HIJ;ID1 '''qenOBeKa CO CTOpOm.r" - B:r.IXO.o;
ua H3 BOeTO'!HOH EBpOII:bI, BOeIIIITaHHoro B HH:r.IX Tp3,ll;HIJ;lUrX... Jlarera eoaeran B
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(<BCe, tITO rrpRM01IHHeHHO H onaosaasao, MHe qy:>K,llo. .5I ma6ma HaMelCH, ,llBOHCTBeH
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rensaoe CBOHCTBO ero TBOpqeCKOH naxaoera - 6orare:Hmee 3BYKOBoe noofipazcerrae:
C rrserox, ll>OpMOH, II rrnOTHOCTblO y MeIDI acerna aeconaapyrorcx 3BytIamm. H Ha-
I llQJIPQ6HO 6HQIpaepHJJ )l. Jlarera paccaarpasaercs B crarse: KpeUHUHQ 10. B. "lIHtlHQCTb H
TBOp'leCKaR cYlU>6a (B3rIDl:l( ID 90-x ronoe) /I ,[(I.(!P.lU> lIHTeTH: J1HqHQCTb H TBOp'leCTBQ. C6. crare.
M., 1993. - C. 15-24.
2 HlITepeCHO OTMeTHTb TOT q,aKT, 'lTO rrpe,lI.KH XOMII03HTopa no OTI{OBeKoA JIHHHH HOCHiJH q,aMH
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AY3P (1845-1930) - JWJ)l KaK H enome eearepcxae espea, oren sownonrropa B KOJIne
npomnoro nese IDMeHH1l CBOIO q,aMHJIHlOaa JIHreTH.
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4 TaM :lKe. _ C. 23.
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narsax He xapaxrepma. aacsmreaa BOCK.JIHI:\aTeJILH:D1MII 3HaKaMH
III qaCTh - B pasnenax Rex tremendae, Recordarc H Confutatis (IT. 85-147).
TeKcT ill xacra H IiepCBO,!J, Ha PYCCKHH .lI3:DIK:
Rex tremendae majestatis, qui Ilaps, %e BeJIHIDIe BH}'Ill8eT "IJ'eIIeT, Tsr
salvandos salvas gratis, salva me, fons
Y,!J,OCTOeHHl>1X cnaceeaa cnacaenn, CDOe"
pietatisl Recordare Jesu pie, quod sum
MHJIOC'I1>IO, cnaca HCTOtmHK MHJIOcep
.!:lHX! BcnoMHH, 6J1BI'OH Haeyce, -rro .11
causa tuae viae, ne me perdas illa die.
npwnma Taoero xpecrrroro nYTII, He norytia
Quarens me sedisti lassus, redemisti
D TOT ):lem.. Hura Th! oanen
crucem passus: tantus labor non sit
yroMJleHHLIH, HCKymIJI (MelUl) xpecnro M}'
cassus. Juste judex ultionts. donum fac
KOH: -raxoe ):le.lUlHe ):la He 6Y):leT aanpacmra.
remissionis ante diem rattonisl lngemisco
Cnpasennaesr Cy)J;HJI MLqeHIDl, .!:l8Pyii OT
tanquam reus, culpa rubet vultus meus,
nepen CY.llHb1M naea! CTeH8ID. TaK
supplicanti parce, Deus! Qui Mariam
KaR 51 BKHoueH, xpacxa crsuta nOKpLIB8eT
absolvisti, et latronem exaudisti.: mihi oe JIH.U.O. MOJIJlIUerO Te651 rromazra, Bozce!
l TaM:lKe.-C. 21.
2 M. H. Jlarera: 3CTeTK'leCKHe aarnansr H 11l0pQeCKM rrpaKTHK8 60 - 70-x ro
AOS. KpHrHKa H II TeopIDI H npaxrnxa coapeaeaaori 6YP'fo/a:JHOA: K)'JIliryPLI:
MLI KpHTHKH. C6. TpYAOS rMlUf HM. rHeCHHl>lX. ELIn. 94. - M., 1987. - C. 149.
J TaM :IKe. _ C. 148.
53
quoque spem dedisti. Preces meae non
sunt dignae, sed tu, bonus, [ac benigne!
Ne perenni cremer igne! Inter oves locum
praesta, et ab hoedic me sequestra,
statuens in parte dextra. Confutatis
maledictis, flammis acribus addictis!
Voca me cum benedictis. Oro supplex et
acclinis, cor contritum quasi cinis, gere
curam mei finis.

Ter ornycran rpex MapHH (Marnanaae) li
asrcrrynran pro6oillmKa, MRe TO>Ke nan Ha
.lle)l{,lly. Mon:n6&I MOH HeP;OCTOHm.I, HO TM,
6naroH, 6YAb MH1IOCTHB! ,[{a He 6yAY ropers
B BelJHOM OfHe! ,!(aiI MHe Mecro opena caen
li OT.lleJIH MeHJI oi K03Jlm..lJ;, IIQCT8BHB e npa
BOH CTOpOHl>l. Kerna oraepraeuu
np6KJlJlThIX, 05peQeHHLIX Ha acryxee IlJIaMX!
IIpH30BH MeHR (aesecre) e 6narOCJIOSeHHbI
MH. IIpomy, CKJlOHHB roJIOBy e Mom.50H. e
cepMeM, coxpyureaasrec eJIOBHO nellen, no
3a6onCJI o MoeM KOHIl;e.
MHP PeKBHeMa1IHremorrpeJJ:eJU[eT.IJ;HCCOH8HTH8JlXpOMa11JlIeCK3.lI
TKaHL; MHKpODOJIHilJOftHl!ecKoe cBepXMROrOrOJlOCDC HCIIOJIl>3YeTCH B XOpOBOM 3BY
sasaa B Introitus li Kyrie, I1pH1IeM B xoposo IIOJIHepOHHlJeCKOH 4la.KT)'pC npOHCXO
,JlH.'I' aannacrossraaaae CaMOCTOJITeJIl>m.lX rOJIOCOB: aanpassep, B I qaCTH O.u;HOBpe
MeHHO 3BytIaT 12 XOPOBbIX li 2 COJIl>m.JX rOJIOca, a BO II qaCTH - 20 XOPOBbIX rOJIOCOB
(CM. napnrrypy), tITO C03.o;aeT anesarneaae OrpOMHOH 3BYQam.eH TOJInhJ, a B KYJIl>MH
Hamm 3TOH qaCTH, xorna orpOMHaJI 3ByxOBaJI Macca .o;OXO.D;IIT .0;0 ,IJ;UHa.M::KtIeCKOrO
rrpenena - .ff, no BL1pIDKemno C. M. C8BCHI<O, cosnaerca anesarneaae, srro ({3ByqHT
acenencsaa BOIIJIl:, o MHJIOCTH H cocrpanaaaal .
J1HrenI HCnOJIh3yeT B PeKBHeMe ztaa ILlITHrOJIOCm.IX CMemaHHldX xopa, OJ];HaKO
BTOPOH xop H)')KeH n:m:m. JtIISI yCHJIeHIDI nepsoro B ill tIaCTH; B naprarype OH OT
.o;eJIDHO He BLnnICaH, B HeH HMeeTCH JIHIIIL 06II(ee yxasaaae - coro I+ll. B xope JKeH
cxae napraanonpaaaensrorcs Ha conpaao, MeIJ;ll,O-COIIpano H a.JILT:bI (tITO YKa3:EdBaeT
Ha IIH.lJ;mm.nyaJIH3HpOBamlOe ornomeaae K XOpOBLIM ronocasr KaI< COJIl,HLIM BOKaJTh
HI:JM, TaK KaI< B 1pa,zJ;lIIlHOHHOM CMem8HHOM xope :>KeHCme rorroca .o;CJUITCH Ha CO
rrpano H ansrsr), H M)')Kcme napraa - Ha TeBOpa H 6acbJ. napraa zterrarcs Ha
sersrpe rOJIOca, H T8KHM 05pa30M Op;HOBpeMeHHO B xope MOJKeT ssysars .0;0 20 rOJIO
COB. B peKoMeH.ZI;aIJ;IDIX K HCnOJIHemno KOMII03HTOP uamer o TOM, tITO He06xo,IJ;HMoe
trncrro XOpHCTOB B rrepaox xope .o;OJDKHO 6:E:.ITL MRHHMYM 60, a no B03MO)KHOCTH
80-100 neBD;OB. B COCTaBe BTOpOro xopa JKenareJIbHO .0;0 120 H fionee XOpHCTOB.
3HatIHT B cpeJ];HeM KOmrqeCTBO XOpOBLIX neBU;OB nns HCnOJIHeHIDI PeKBHeMa .o;OCTH
,
raer 200 qeJIOBeK.
I
Bo MHomx CBOmc: ,?o'iHlleHIDIX .1IHre'rn ztaer yxa3aBIDI o TOM, KaI< ztaaaoe IIpOH3
Be.o;eHHC .o;O.JDKHO HCnOJIIDl'I'I.CH. B naprarype PeKBHeMa HMe:EOTCH 8BTOpCKHe
[
nOJKerraHWI xopy, nanpassep, no noaony pa3MeII(eHllil: KOJIJIeKTHBa - BTOPOH xop
li
.o;OJDKea 0Kaii:M..rrJrn, nepasr. Ilo nosony HIrf01mpOBaBIDI TaIOKe HMe:EOTCH rrpeznraca
1
HIDI, aanpaxep, naCCaJKH xopa, OTMeqeHHbJe qepHOH JIHHHeH, KOTOp3.ll HaxO,l(lITCH
l
HO.o; Op;HOH HJIH HeCKOJIl,KHMH napTHJIMH, xoryr HCnO.JI:H.llTI,CH He C a6COJllOTHOH HH

TOHaIlHeU, Ho BO scex cnysaax ORH.o;O.JDKIIbI npOIICBaThCH, a He 6LIT.r. HCnOJIHeElIILIMH
KaI< Sprcchgcsang: CM., aanpassep, TI. 16-19 II sacra (IIpHMep 1).
Cymecrayer KJIaBHp PeKBHeMa JlHreTH
2
, B KOTOpOM napras q,OpTeIIHaHO coztcp
)KHT OCHOBHLIe seprsr opKeCTpOBKH CO"1JHHCHIDI, TO ecrs era rapMOIm1JCCKYKJ OCHOBy.
cBoe06pa3H)'!O (<To1JKY orropsr nns Pa3}"illBaHIDI BOKaJTh:m.IX H napTII:H:.
l CaseHKO C. H. O TeMeHlUUlX B TBOpqeCTBe JIHreTR fl ,l:{bep.zo, Jlarera: JIlN
HOCTh H TBOpqeCTBO. - M., 1993. - C. 48.
2 Krrasap PeKBHeMa CD,eJTaH 3H1'M}'HJ1:0M 3aTMapH (Zsigmond Szathmary) AJU[ Illaerrcxoro panao K
10-JIerneMYKl6K1IeKl xoaneproa Nurida-Muslk (1975).
56
B ill xacra KOMn03HTOP OTXO,lJ.lIT OT CpaBHHTeJIbHO:H: HenO,lJ;BIDKHOCTH, IIJIaBHO:H:
eTaTl-UCH MllKpOnoIDI.qlOHBH npyrax aacre, B KOTOpbIX ,lJ;BH:>Kemre MHO>KeCTBa. rono
COB cosaaer CTaTHllnOCTH. Jlarera CaM OTMelJaJI, no III xacrs PeKB},{eMa
6Jm3Ka cro IlpHKJITO'IeHHJlM (1962) H "HOBLIM llpHKJITO'IeHIDlM (1962-1965)
Mj'3LIKa.JThHO-,llpaMaTIflIccKHM .o;eiicTBIDIM, B KOTOp:EJX npOHCXOJJ,HT e JJ:HRaMD
3a:u:neu TIGlHH. O,llHaKO 6JIH30CTL 3THX COlfiIHCHaH 3aKJI1OQaeTCSI JIHIIIb B reXIJ:Hlle
eKOM acnexrc KaK THII, no B:&IpIDKcHHIO C. M. Ca:aCHKO. .n:mco >KcermcyIDlpyiom;cif
Mj'3LI1GD). Ilpaxnroxeaas HaxO,IUlTC.lI B pycne rearpa rorna K8K PeKBHcM
sro coxaaeaae ,IU'XOBBOH BanpaBJICHHOCTII, aacraansromee Hac 3a.IJYMan.CH o npo

6rreMax tICJIOBCtICCKOro 6LI'l1U1
J
nCCMOTI1H Ha TO, 'lJTO OHO He HMceT llpOCBerJICHIDI II
Ha,uC)l()U>I.
Lux aeterna .JIarem (1966) npononxaer PeK8ueM
J
B KOTOpOM OTCyrCTByroT pas
)l;CJll:J Offertorium, Sanctus (Benedictus) iI Agnus Dei. 3aKJIK)'llHTeJILm.IC cTJlOIGI no
CJICJlHero pasnena II nocnyacana TCKCTOM nanaoro XOpOBOro npoasaezteaaa. Lux
aeterna ,lJ,IDI l6-roJIOeHOrO eMemamlOro xopa aarracaao lJepe3 ron aoene saaepme
HIDI PeKBHeMa, H, XOTJI KOMII03Bl{HOIIllbIH npHHIJ;HII MIDq>onOJIHtPOa:mI B )l8HHOM XO
pe coxpaaaerca, eaM aBTOp OTMetIaeI, no B 3TOM H nOCJIe)JyK)IIJ;HX npOH3Be)leHWIX
HaMetten C,l{BHr OT MJIKPOnOJn:ltPoHHB K 60JIee 06b[qHOH nomnpoaaa, KOTOpaJI Renee
sanaeusaeres, OHa 60JIee XP)'IIK8JI H TOHKaJI.. Do ero CJIOBaM, <QlOJmtP0HIDl oera
JIaCI. CJIO)KHOH, HO OHa erana xeaee MHKpOI. HapH.ZJY e ne, B Lux aeterna
tPopMoo6pil3}'lOt:JlYIO pOJIL arparor HCHLIe HHTepBaJILm.le RJIH rapxoaaxeexae C1J'YK
TYPI.I, KOTopI.Ie He Menee BIDKHDI H )lJIJI BOCnpIDITIDI My-3I.IKR. Hanpaxep, nepsaa
<PPil3a natIHHaeTCH nOCTeneHHl>IM acrynneaaera BOC:&MH )KeHCKHX rOJIOCOB B O.rtHY no
Tj I, C03)laK>IJJ;HM BnetIaTJIeHHe aenpepsraaoro nOTOKa (Ilpasrep 5). 3areM ronoca
paccpertcrosanarorca aaepx H BHH3, 3anO.lIHIDl K T. 13 BepTHKaJIL des1-es1-l_ges
l_
1 l 1 2 '
a (as )-b -c ; C T. 25 Bee ronoca erpexsrcs K 3B)'KY a, CJIHBaJIe:& B OKT3BHOe aaysa
BRe
2.
CJIe)JyK)nJ;aJI <ppa3a - Domine.., HanpOTIIB. na1IHHaeTCH e axxopzra jisl_a
l

(B nonyronax - 3.2). XOTH ero ssysaaae ne coacesr 06:E:J'1IHO - sro <pa.rn.n;eI 6acoB.
M B ,ll;a.JThHemneM cosaaenae passaaaeres no eJIe)JyK)III;HM npHHI(H11aM:
l. I'cnoca OT O.n;:EIOH Bb1COTbI (yaacona mm OKTaBhI) paeenaaaarorca B
eossysae;
2. B351T3J{ OJJ:HOBpeMeHHo sepraxarrs XapaKTCpHaJI- 3.2) He H3MeIDIeI
CH no Bl>ICOTe Ba nporaxeaaa HeeKOJILKHX T3KT0B, XOTH nayrpa aee npOHCXOl{lIT
.,IJ;BH:>Kemre: rOJIOca MeIDUOTCH 3Byx.aMH. OeTaBJUUl npa 3TOM nepaoaaaamaoe e03BY
'lille B HeH3MeHHOM BH,D;e, (narrpaxep, aJILTLI BIT. 61-79 _ gl_b
1_C2);
3. MCnOJII,30Ba.HHe O.n;:EIOBpeMeHHO BPa3m.IX nrracrax nepBLIXrreyx npHHIJ;mIOB,
napTIDI CMema.HHOrO xopa HMeCT pasztenenae Ha xersrpe rcnoca, II pearrsao B
napnrrype Lux aeterna BI.UIBJUIIOTCH xerape nnacra, TO eers xersrpe, no cymecrsy,
CaMOCTOHTeJILHLIX xopa- corrpaao div. in 4. enersr div. in 4, reaopa div. in 4 n 6a
eI.I div. in 4.
BIDKHO OTMeTIiTb, no HCTOKH MHlCponOJn:l41oHHH eaM KOMD03HTOP II MHOrHe HC
errcnoaarena ero reopseersa BH,1lHT B 3noXH B03p0:>K.IleHIDI C ee eJIO:>K
HeHIIIHM pa:lBeTBJIeHHl>IM MHOrOFOJIOCHeM H TeXHH!CO:tl MHOroXOpHOro ImCI.Ma, rne
I t)
JJ060H08Q M H Llar. COtI. - C. 151.
2 MmKHO oraerars, 'ITO aarepaan tIHCTO:H OKTIlBbI He sacro HCnOJl103yeTCH B ycnOBHHX He
HblX TeXHHK, O,llHaKO HMcer asrpaasrremayio pacsy.
57
o,IJ;HH XOp MO)KeT paCCMaTpHBan.CH KaI< yrO.JIII:(eHHbIH ronoc-nnacr'. TaKHM 05pa30M
oTlCpbmaeTC.SI B03MO)KHQCTL pa3BHTIDl: O,D;HOBpeMeHHO Ha HC
CKoJILKltX ypOBIUIX: HMHTan;HH arryrpa omrorc xopa H Me)f(J.JyHeCKOJThKHMH XOp8MH.
e PeKBHeMOM xop Lux aeterna 05:be,lJ;HIDUOT T8lOKe aexcropsre HCnOJIHRTeJll:,CKHe
upReMbI, YKa3aHHl>Ie aaropoa, aanpassep: 1) aasana 3THX cO'lJlIHeHIDi conepacar
3Hat:IeHHe Wie aus der Ferne (3B)"laHHe KaK 6:&1 li3 ,ZJ;aJIeKa); 2) T3KTQBLIe tIepThI
JIHDTh BCIIOMoraTem.Hoe cpezicrso MH npo.n;OJDKeHIDl, OHR He .n;01DKHI>I
5blTh HJIH KaK-TO 0603Hat:IeHDI B HCnOJIHemm:; 3) Bee BCTYIUIeHIDI Ila
B03MO)1(HOCTH ,UOJDK!il,J 6bITD MID'XHMH II He3aMeTH:&IMH; 4) )lpIXaHHe sa HeCKOJILKllMH
, HcKJllO'tIeRB1lMH He ysasaasr B -rexcre II II03T0My MOryr xonefiarscs B HHl(HBWI.YaJIb
HhIX B3HTIDIX aa npOTIDKeHHH ncero npOH3Be.uelIIDI, no He )J;OJDKHO 0IIJYlIlan.c5I HB
MaJI.e:H:rImx naya mm nepepsrsa snysanaa.
TaIOKe lIMelOTC.sI noxenarraa asropa K apnncymm;mr. Hanpassep, B xope
Lux aeterna Jlarera npOCHT He rrpOB3HOCHTh HCHO li oraernaac cornacasre: lucea],
ei rom nenpepsmaoro rrOTOKa 3BytIaEIDI. a B Pexaaeae OH Pa3AeJnIeT aprrrsynsnmo
TeKCTa H M)'3!>IKl::I. B OTHomeB:HH npOH3HeceHIDI nareparypaoro TeKCTa HMeIOTCH as
TOpcKHe )'K33aHlli1 o cnaraocra HJIH pacsnenemrocra eJIOrOB rrpoaaaocasroro TeK
era - tenuto mm staccato, a TaIOKe menOTOM mm 06IoItIHbJM a B M)'3:bI
Ka.JII.HOM ornomenaa nO)l(e1laHIDI K apraxyasnaa CBO,IJ,SITC.lI IC TOMY, 'lfI06I.I He HC
rr0.JIE,30Ban. glissando li portamento.
Xopoasre CO'l.HBCHRH ,lJ;bCPAH Jlarera
iJll.R COJlUCm06. xopa u opxecmpa
Kaomecxaa KaHTaTa (mnmoMHaJI B AKa,ueMHII M)'3hIKH B Bynaneurre),
1949.
PeKBHeM WIR conpaao a MeqI:J;O-COIIpaHO C01l0, ):(Byx CMemaHHJ,IX XOpOB a opxe
crpa, 1963-1965.
Clock and Clouds (<<tIacLI II 06JIHKID ana 12-roJIOCHoro ",eHCKoro xopa (ad
libitum - = 12 roJIOCOB COJIo) II opxecrpa, 1972-1973.
Cuema H HHTepmoJJ;HH as onepsr Le Grand Macabre ,WUI t:IeThIpex neanoa
(conpaao, MeIJ;IJ;O-COnpaHO, B:bICOKoro TeHopa-6Y!J?!J?o, xapaxrepaoro 6apHTOHa),
cxenranaoro xopa ad libitum Hopxecrpa, 1978.
f{JIJl xopa a cappella
Idegen <B.n;aJIH OT ,!lOMID ,WUI rpexronocaoro )KeHcKoro xopa, TeKCTI:iI
E. Banama II aapozrasre, 1945-1946.
Magany ,WUI 'rpexronccaoro HenOJIHOro caemaaaoro xopa,
reKCT lU. Beperrra, 1946. .
Papaine <B,llOBa Ilanaa). BeHTepCK3X Hapo,D;HaJl6aJIJIa,ua,llIDI cssenraaaoro xopa,
1953.
;;
r. I B uaaane xopa Lux aeterna TeXHHKa talea (noaropemre pHIMH'leCKOrO parta IDO
rj pH'fMK<leCKOrO MOTCTa). CM. 06 nOM: Kpeiinuna 10. B. Bearepcxoe ,neCJiTHJ1CTIiC: na-rano rryra /I
AJ,l;!p.lU> Jlarera: JIWlHOCTL H1'B0p"leCTBO. M., 1993. ., C. 33.
i

60
O'lEPK 'IE1'BEPThlI?
llpUMep2

61
DpUMep3
@ [EJ A TEMPO J :80
AN
>
,. ~ ...)
> > > >
stu
''',,'
'"
na-tu- rc cum
s ~
,
"
':
T
I ~
o
pl6tWeh Ilufhthen.....ic llbgemlcn
(ohne Alu;cnt)
I",M."11ahrMpJ!7 (JJJit!uJ ,ut/tlJ)
OlfEPK '/E;TBEPTbJH
62
IIpuMep4
3. De Die Judicii Sequentia
SUBITO:A(;ITATO MOLTO, mit groBter Kraft und Aufregung
, 1Vi/h lx/nmt "it.0r QJ1d txt;/tmm/
Sopran

Mezzo
AI,
Tenor
Orchesrer parallel Blethbl I b,...
~ ~ ~ i I ~ Tutti
mit Chor ~ ' ~ . ~ ~ ~
Klavier
Orcbener uniSODO mit dem Chor
ouh. ifJ Jmison 1Vilh thGruJ
"
A
T
,
I," Quan-
M
Orchenee unisone
{1>'7:,d mit dem Chor
. ~ .
63
;W'
OO
IIpuMep 5
LUX AETERNA

hu_ .

z
\il!
Lu,
l"

Lu, lux
e
-
-
J 56, SOSTENUTO. MOLTO CALMO, ..WIE AUS DER FERNE"
Gyorgy Ligeti, 1966
"FROM AFAR"
Sopr. 1-4:
Irculehr 'IlItich tiJU.nen'III/ t1lfriu!!!ll",tf.
pp !tnTpre
3
,,,

I

4
J __
-,- " -
,O'
J
-
lu'
" -

l" ae :..>_
-
-
un lux lu, :IC
Alr1-4:
Ircu!!!!!: 'IlIcich ciJUClunllll/'Mnu!!!:ll,,,,f.
-,
pp senrore

I
ae -
Icr_
Lux lux lu'
,



I
lu,
l"
Alt L"
d
3

,,, - -
lux _"-
" . L",_,_

4

,,,
Lu,
l"

==:::::
I
5
e
S,
", 'u,
-s-s-;
a
3
r
t
Oaep nRmblU.
Tpa CTUXOTBOpeUUH Aapa Mamo BHTOJlL.lla JlIOTOCJIaBCKOro

TBOpqeCTBO BHTO.JTh.lla Jhorocnancxoro (1913-1994) npm8JQIeJKHT K aaafonee
H HHTepeCHbIM CTpaH:ImaM M}'3bIKH BTOpOH nonOBHHbI XX croneras If npo
.llOJDKaeT oxaasrears BJmHHHe Ha COBpeMeHHl:lIX My:n.JKaHTOB. CO'tlHHCHIDI J1roTOCJIaB
CKOro He npaaaanexar ezraaoxy craiuo: "Jepe3 seosneccauaaa, Heo$OJILKJIOpR3M,
,n;o.n;eKaq)OHffiO, anearopaxy II coaopaxy KOMIT03RTOP npamen K caoeay co6CTBeHHO-
MY CHHTem'IeCKOMY CTIlJIlO, coseraiomeay B ce6e MHome HanpaBJIeHIDI My:3J,IKH XX
aexa,
HecoMHeJIHo, 60JlbIDOil aarepec npencrasnser C8MHM JIroroCJIaB
CKBM B aasane 60-x ronos TeXHBKa ({orpaJIHl!eHHOH, H.Jm KOHTpOJIHpyeMoH, aneero
pKKIl. B anearopasrx eeKIJ,IDlX HaP'IH1YPb1 (<Bb1COT3 3ByKa crporo <pHKCl1pyeTCH, HO
o6IUHii MeTp OTCYTCTByeT. }lHpIDKep nOKaJLIBaer lfHJ111, aasano TaKOH ceznaa, KOTO
psre B napTHTYPe 0603Ba-qeHI.J cne:n;HaJII,HhIM.H cTpeJIK3MH. Meaory 3HaK8MH JJ:HpIDKe
pa opxecrparrrsr m-PaIOT caMOCTOJITeJILHO. ynO,lJ;06.JIIDJ:eb C01IBCT3Ml. BHYIPH TaKOit
-cexnaa 3B)'KH HCnOJIHm<rreR BBe -qeTKOH pJITMH1IeCKOR pernaaerrrartaa, XOTH, Ha
npieeep, B nap'rarype Tpex CTIlXOTBOpemri!: YKaJaH npOMeJKYTOK BpeMeHH, pasmra
1 cexynne (TO eers yenosno J= 60), B I li II nacrsx OH eOCTllBJIlIeT IlpH6Jlli3HTeJThHO
2,5 carrrmserpa HO ropasoarana, a B III lJaeTII TIO paccrosnae npu6Jm3HTeJlbHO
paBRO 2 cexynnasc
I
l
[
,
-- l" -
-2,5cM
O,n;HaKO My:3bIK8HT ,lJ;OJDKeH TpaKTOBan pJITMHlleeKYJO romTe.rILHOCTI:. B
KliKOR-TO cTeIIeHH FlH,IJ;mm.I1;yaJILUO, no6bI :mB30.D;bI ad Iibitum HCIIOJIIDIJmCb He 0,lJ;
HOBpeMeHHO (HCKJIlOlI3JI rrepsyso nory). ECJIR KaKOe-TO paCIIOJIO;KeBHe HOT coanana
et rpa<pH'leCKR no aeprasana, TO :ITO Be 03HalIaeT, lfI'O naansre HoTI:.I 3BytIaT 0,lJ;R0
BpeMeHHO, H HCnOJlHHTeIDIM ne H)?KH0 creperscs <<nOIIa,D;,aTb)} asaecre B
C03ByqIDl (IIpHMep 1).
TaKIlM 06paJOM. B anearopaax ceKqIDIX, llpHMeHeHHbIX JIrorOCJIaBCKRM. MOJKHO
llpH6.JIH3UTem.HO paccaarers KOJIl1'1ecTBO 3BYKOB (cnanan 3BllOJIHeBIDl) neanoro
01]le3Ka. Ii n03ToMY npa nosropeaaa nO,lJ;06BOro pena 3nH30,lJ;OB KOJI
JIeKTHBHoro ad libitum, 3BytlaRHe npU6JlH3HTem.RO OCTaeTC)J O,ltHBM H TCM )Ke.
JIroTOCJIaBCKHH B CBOHXnpOH3Be.n;eHIDIX qaCTO coueraer \
cexrraa, TaJITHpyeMl>Ie B TJl=HOHHOM cTH!Ie (a battuta - t - )
H HeTaICI'HpyeMI.Ie. HCnO.JIIDICMLIe CB060,lJ;R0 <KOJIJICKTHBHoe ad libitum - -).
Orpaaaseaaaa, IDIH KOH1]loJmpyeMa5I, 8JICaTOpHKa JIroTOCJIaBCKOrO oTKpI.UIa ne
pen KOMII03HTOpOM ROBbIe H HeO)KH.n:aHHble nepcnesraasr: so-nepaerx, - TIO OrpOM
noe 60raTCTBO pHTMHKB, xcropoe rpyzmee ,lJ;OCTIfq}, C rrOMOIIJ;l>IO ,lJ;PyrHX. rexaax, a
BO-BTOpbIX. - aro Bb!paJHTeJIhHOe cpencrso, cnyzamee UemIM MY3LIK8JlL
KOH .llp8M8"1)'pruuJ4>opMa CO'tJHHCHIDI KOHCTpYHPYeTCft na OCHOBC coe):(HHcHIDI CTa-
I Becezra MPHRl>1 HmcOffi>CKOH e BHTOJThJJ:OM Jlrcrocnaacsaer. Cra'n,a. BocnOMHHaHIDI. - M.,
1995. - C. 61.
65 ifPH CTHXOTBOPEHIDl: AHPH Matuo BHTOJIbp,A J1loTOCJIABCKOro
6HJlbID>IX (TaKTIlpyeMbIX) H Mo6HlIbHbIX (cBo601\HbIX) ,neMeHTOB. M. Hm<Om,CKalI
OTMetIaeT, no B COqflHeHIDlX 60 - 70-x ronos COe.n;HHeHHe 6bIJIO KOHTpa
CTHbUd, roraa KaK B rrpOH3Be,ueHIDIX 80-x ronos nepexozrsr OT ad libitum K ,IJ;HpH:>KH
pyeMoH M)'3bIKe OCy:u:J;eCTBIDIlOTCJl MaBHO
J
H I10nH He3aMeTHO MJI CJIYlIIaTe
WD)I. CaM KOMII03HTOP rronsepxaaaer, no rnaaaoe B era cosaaeaasx - M)'3hIKaJIL
ID>m CIO)Ke'D>, ,ueHCTBHe JI YMeBlle era paaseprsraars, TeM Ca.MbJM BJmJlJI Ha cnyma
Temi: KIDK,lJ,oe xroe I1pOB3Be,ueHHe- KaK 6bI 3a.IIHC3HHOe BOcIIpWlTHe.. ..SlCO'IHH.lIIO
He !POPM)', a ee socnpasraew'.
TIllI TeXIIHKB, BCnOJIb3yeMl:Ji1.JboToCnaBcKHM
J
I10Tpe60Ban OT M)'3bIKaHTOB I10BOH
cneI'(H!pWlecKoH MaHC?PDI HeIlOJIHeHIDl. OTMeTIITb, no KOMII03HTOP He
perom B.bIC'I}'lIaJI B KaK JtBPH)Kep ;- TaK, B tIaCTIIOCTH, HatIaJIO era .unpWKepCKoH xaps
epsi 6bIJIO CB.R3aHO C HCIIOJIHeHBeM Tpex craxorsopeaa. Mnorae M)'3LIKaIITLI
6wm y6eJK,Uem.I B HeBLIIIO.JIHHMOCTII KOMIl03HTOPCKHX JhoTOCJIaBCKOrO,
H n03TOM)' OH peIIIHJI, tITO CKenTHKOB MO>KHO JmIIIb C06CTBeHHbUd npa
MepOM: Kerna p33yq:HB31OTeJl anearopane !pparMeHTI:>I napTIITJPbI .n;apH)Kep pa6o
raer cnOBHO rearparrsusra pescaccep, sarparasaa OCBOBHyIO sseprmo Ha nO,lJ;I'OTOmI
TeJlLIIOH crazraa, a He Ila KOHI:lepTe. ):{HpH)KepCKaJI ,ueRTeJIbHOCTh HeCOMHeHHO no
Morna 1ho'r0CnaBCKOM)' B KOMII03HTOpCKOH Kerna BCT3eIITh aa ,IJ;HpH)Kep
cKKi1 rryns'r 3a6IdBaeIDL O ce6e KaK O KOMII03HTOpe. a CTaHOBHIJIbCJl aarepnperaro
pOM. xorna neramao pa60T3.eIITh HCnOJIHeHHeM C06CTBeHHbIX cosaaeaaa, BU
,lUIIDb rrpocsersr H MO)KeIDL mc: B ,uan::&HeiimeM... I13 .unPH)I(HJlOBaBIDI JI
3 .
npeacae acero B3BJIeK31O ypOKH KOMII03m:J;Hlm .
TpB CTHXOTBOpeBIDl: Aapa Mamo HanHCaHl:J no 3aK33Y !pec:ru;BamI COBpeMeH
HOH M)'3bIKH B 3arpe6e, r,ue BIIepBbIe II 6bIJDI BCIIOJIHelUJ 9 MasI 1963 rona, Harepec
HO OTMenrI'D, lITO aMepHKaHclGtii KOMII03BTOP Keii;:vK, tIeH Bropo KOHD;epT
.lQUI lj,lOpTeIIHaHO C opKeCTpOM I10CJIY>KIDI HMIIYJIbCOM ,ll)UI K0HI:le.IIIJ;HH anearopasa
JhoTOCJIaBCKOra, IIpUCyrCTBOBa.n: Ila npesrsepe Tpex CTHXOTBOpeHIDi: H HCKpeHHe
4
BOCxmuaJICJl m.m: .
TIo CJIOBaM Jhorocnasexoro, B 60-e ro,lJ.DI y nero B03HHKJIa MbICJIb HaIIBeaTh npo
H3Be,ueHHe nna xopa C opKeCTPOM. B KOTOpOM MOJKHO 6bIJIO BCII0JIb30Ban. Ile TO)ThKO
neaae, HO B ztpyrae B03MO)f(HOCTH ronoca: KpHK, llHCK, menor H T.,u. Bcxope nocne
pOJK,UeBIDl: 3aMb1cna KOMII03BTOP 3aHHrepeCOBaJICJI CHMBOJIHC'fHlleCKlIMH H croppea
JIHcmqeCKHMH cmxOTBopeHIDIMH A. Mmno
S
B BbI6pan Te, KOTOp&Ie COOTBeTCTBOBa
JIH era anee, 3TO He COCTaBJUUlO oco6oro TPy,ua, TaK KaK Mmno B (pa3Jmqm,Dtl
l 6eceJn>1 H. ifuKOJIbCKoH. - C. 97.
2TaM>Ke.-C.I09.
3TaM >Ke. - C. 113,62.
4 TaM >Ke, - C. 95.
:5 AHpH Mmuo (1989-1984)- $PaHll.)"JcIarlt n03T H XYJJ:O>KHHK 6em.1"JIA:CKOro rrpOHCXOlK,lteHIDl.
ABrop n031W(eCKoro c60pHHXa Qui je fus R n03TmeCKoD 11p03bI. Ero CO'IHHeHRJl: 6mom croppea
mnM)', HaCbl11teHl>l $amaCTHICoD H HpoHHeD. C 1937 rOJJ:a Mamo CTpeMHJlcJI BblpB3HTh aayrpeaaee
npOCTpBHCTBO}'>Ke He CJ10BaMH. a cpeJJ:CTBaMH JKIDlO1IHCH (axaapens, ryams, MaCJ10), rnc pHCyHOK
BbIJJ:eJLll.eTCJI Ha OJ1l0MHb1X l)'MaHHbIX (1940-1944 rr.). C 1948 rona OH YBJICKaeTCll 3XCnpCC
CHOHH3MOM, ero norrysarcr HeBHJtaHHyID npeacte IThIJIXOCTb UKeJ1'I'CUl $HrYPID), nepCOHWK
Ha $OHe CeIlHID. B pacyaxax R HBJllIeTCll HOBWI $opMa
nneorpaeessr, 6JrnJKHe BOCTOlliHO'f: Kll1UIRTpa4>HH. MHIDO MHOJKeCTBO TeKCTOB o CBoeD
pacosansmaxa H JKHBOnHCua, uanpaaep Emergences - Rcseirgences, QKeHeBa, CI<Hpa,
1972). CM.: Mmno 113:m.uncn:oneDJf'lecKHA CJ10Bapb >KHBOHHCR: Sananaaa JKHBOHHCb OT epeJJ:HHX Be
KOB JJ:O HaIllHX JJ:HeH I nepo C 4>p. - M.: TEPPA, 1997. - C. 620.
6 BCTaBKa MOli. - ft E. JhoTOCJ1aBCKHI1 B CBoeM CQ"IHHeHHH HCn0J1h30BM CTHXOTBOpeHHll Marno
,
H3 pB3HbIX HCTOl:fHHKOB.
i
i
O[{EPKnJfTblO
68
nOJIHcHHe COlJHHemHI ysacrae zrayx Jl:HPIDKepOB (.zurg opxecrpa II ,l:(JUI xopa),
'ITO, eCTeCTBcHHO, noxoraer ,l{06HThCH XapaKTepHOH acaaxpoaaocra pHTMa. Xop B

Tpex CTHXOTBOPCHIDIX)} TPaKTYeTcx KaK paBHOn;CHHaJI opxecrpy BHcTp}'Mema.JILHaJI
rpynrra, xplCIiMH 3KcIIpeCCKBHLIMH B03MO)KHOCTHMH. llioTOCJJ8BCIGIH He
HCIIOJTh3yer B npoaaseneaaa CTpYJlH:&IC CMJ:.!tIKOBb1e HHCTpYMcHTLI, Op;HaKO BBO)l;HT
ap!py II pacnrapser CQCT8B yztapasrx (KOJIOKOJIb'lDlKH, aenecra, KCHJIOl}>OH,
2 POHml) npa JlBOHHOM, a, 'sacravao, li TpOiiHOM, COCTaBe .n;yxOBLIX. ):(aa,n;IJ;arnrorroc
m.rH xop (5 c0nPaHO, 5 aJI&TOB, 5 renopos II 5 fiacos} MO:>KeT 6hITh yzrsoea HJIH yrpo
CH. B 6om.nrnx KOHl(epTHDIX sanax C.crraTeJII:,HOe lJHCJIO aenonaarene .o;OJDKHO co
CT8BIDITI:. 40 H1IH 60 XOpHCTOB. TCM CaMhIM B ccsrrasx adlibitum acHHXpOHHOCTL
3B}"IaIIIDI rOJIOCOD y:ee.JIIIIIf!BaeTCX ga Ct:IeT Toro, 'qT() B naprasx rresnsr IlOlOT BMeCTe
HeT01IHO, HeCKOJThKO B8.pLHPyH ,IlJIHTeJILHOeTH HOT li nesyp, TOJThKO Te IPParMCHThI,
KOTOpLIC 06031lat:ICHbI Solo, .n;OJDKHLI. HcrrOJIHSITbCX 110 OJtEl0MY t:IeHOBexy 113 napraa.
B COOTHomeHHH xopa H opxeerpa B HOBOM Kat:IeCTBe npaaeasercs npaeea KOH
u;epTHpOBaHIDI, copeBHOBaHIDD) ,IJ;Byx KOJUIeKTIIBOB: pasmae 110 3HaQeHBlO, OBlI 'tIa,
m;e aeero BLIeTYIIaK>T 110 OT.o;eJII:,HOem, xax 5LI B naanore. llPBHIJIBlI nporaaonocraa
neRIDI 110 rOpH30H7'3JIH XOpOBLIX H OpI<ecrpOBLIX ronOCOB HBJUlerCJI
TeM6pOBLIM pemeaaees TpHIITHXa.
I 'tJaCTb <MLIcJm) HalJHIlaerCJI XJ)KOH serrsnnxoa - 3KKOp.o;OM opse
crpa, pacnanaronraaca 3aTeM Ha ornensasre ronoea, xoropue BCe >Ke aaxonsres
BHY1]lH onpeneneanoro rapxoaasecxoro C03BYt:IID!. Xop CO CJIOBaMH Penser, vivre,
mer peu distinctc (<<MDICJIHTb, )KHTh, Mope ryxarraoe) scrynaer a cappella. Ilpora
BonOCTaBnCBlIe xopa H opxecrpa 1I0.zrqepKHBaeTCX TaIOKC H rees, tITO OpI<ecrpOBWI
ceKIJ;IDl napaaapyerca 06hIKHOBeHHO (a battuta), a XOpOBaJI cesnaa nenOJIIDIeTCR
CBo60.l\HO (ad libitum).
B .n.a.HHoJl anearopaoa CCKIJ;HH ,u;HpIDKepOM nOK33LmaerC.SI JIHIIIb aaxano, 'tfl'o5&I
ronoca BCT)'IIBJm BMeCTC, a aarex rrpo.n.OJDKaJIH ners CBOH IIap1'HH casso
erosrensao, CorJIaCHO csoesry qyBCTBy BpeMeHH, XOTJI,KaK roBOpHJIOe:& BLIIDe,
1I03JITOP YK33hIBaer paccroaaae 2,5 caarasrerpa no rOpU30HTaJIH, pasaoe no nna
reJILBOCTH l cexyane, Ilepaoc eoasysae xopa, - 3TO cnenneaae KBalIT xepea nony
TOB:
S ges
l
A desi
T cl
B g
3areM KaJIC.IJ::&rH: rOJIOC nponorosaer CBOIO HH)l;mnmYaJILHYID nmm:ro, rap
MOBWICCKH .u;BHJKCRIDI rOJIOCOB aanonasror 110 1I0rryrOH3M KJIRCrep g-ges, JKCHCI<He
fOJIOCa (5 conpano H 5 aJILTOB) - BepXHIOIO xsapry desI-ges
l,
H M)0KCKHe ronoca (5
TCHOpOB H 5 6acoB) - ITlDKHIOIO KBapTY g_c'. IISrn. ronocos OJtElOH napraa MO)KHO
IDlTH norryroaass KBapThI, a 3aIIO.JIHCHHe ce OT Ha"iaJILHOrO 3B)'K3 npoac
XO):(HT nOCJIe.n.OBaTeJILHO B nsra B03MOJKlU,IX aarepaanax .0;0 06P330Ba.HIDI xsaprsr
,IJ;BIDKCHHCM BHH3, aanpassep, B conpano V rOJIOC - 0-1- (ges
I-
f
/ IV ronoc - 0-2
(ges'-f--<;'), ill rOJIOC- 0-3 (geslc-f--<;I--<;sl), lIroJIoc-0-4 (ges _f--<;I--<;S'_<l) II I
roaoe - 0-5 BHH3 - (gesl-f--<; --<;sl-dl-des
l)
(Ilpasrep l).
nCpBaJI lPP83a ,IJ;ByMH UC3ypaMH - Pcncer, vivre, mcr peu distinete
(<<MhICJIHTh,s )(GITI,,s Mope 'l}'MaHHOC)). B .n.aHHo1t CCKI:(HH 3TH uesypsr .o;OCT8.TO'qfiO
rrpO.n.OJDKHTCJILHLI II IihH6.JII1'3HTeJILHo paaasr .n.rmreJILBOCTII O,UHOH HOThI, TO ecrs 0,5
cCI<}'H.l(LI. pona anearopnas XOpOBaJI CCKIlWI Ha crryx BOCllpBHHMaerCJI
,
I
i
I
I
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69 1'PH c;m:xOTBOPEHlliI' AHPH M1mIO BHTom,,IJ.A JlIoTQCJJAllCKOro
;KaJ( HetITO opranaseexa nenoe. O,IJ;HaKO 'raero IIeHXOrrOTIPleeKH aenonaarene
OHa npenerasnser 1pY.rtHOCTh: XOpOBOH nesen BKJl8,l(DIBaeI B KaJK)(blii 3B)'K CBOH HH
J(HBH.lQ'aJIbw.Ie OIIJ;)'IIl;eHWI, - OH noer KaI< eOJIHCI. TaKHM 05pa.30M, HCIIOJmeHHe
Tpex eraxcrsopeaa 1pe6YeT OC06bIX ycR.JIHii OI neBUOB-XOPHCIOB. rrpHBhIKlIlHX
K aHCaM6JIHpOBaHmO, pHTMH'lCCKOMy, apraxyaarraoasojry coananeaaio no BepTKKa- '
na HJIH rOpH30HlaJm C KaKHM-JIB60 .npyrnM rOJIOCOM. B )laBHOM COl:JlffieHH1I aa
C8M6m. HeCKOJIhKO npyroro pena, aapany C IIH)lKBH,l:I;J8.JIbHOH naaae, He opaeara
pyromeiiCH Ha npyroro IICrrOJIlIBTeIDI, M)'3bIKaIlT CaM IlO c06CTBemn.IM oIIJ:.YlIleHIDIM
((BCTp3HBaeTCID) B 06u:utii aHCaM6m.. 3ePePeKT apH'I'MlNecKoro rieHHSI y Jhorocnaa
CKOro 01JeHb ynaxao oxapaxrepasoaan 3. B. )J;eHRCOB B crarse CTa6HJI:bHbIe li MO
6HJ1bHDIe anessexrsr My3bIKa.JThHOH, ePOPMl>l II HX B3aBMo)lei1:eTBHe. B qaCIHOCTH OH
namer, tITO JhoTOCJI3BC1CHK npassenxer M0611JlbHI:.le 3neMeII'I'hl (anearopasre cexrraa)
,lVl1I C03.n;aHIDI 3B)'KOBOro ePOHa, HaxOAJIIIJ;erOCJI B RenpepLIBHOM .n;aH)KellliH, HO era
TIflIHoro rro cyrn. B I 1JaCTH Tpex eTHXOTBOpeB:Hii TaKHM nepenaerca
. aeorrpeneneaaas KapTHHa .n;aII)I(eRHH MbICJIH
1

B e.rre.nyIOme, eCJIB MO)f(HO TaK cK83aTh, anearopno cexuaa BbI
.n;eJleEm'Ltii ePparMeHT - onpe)leJIeHHWI' rpynrra 3B)'KOB - 6y.n;eT IIOBTOPJiThCJI .n;o crte
l1)'IOII\ero caraana (nosropeaae 0603HaQllCTCH aormacroa nmmelf). B
3IOM pasnene (.J..29) JIeI1CHe cO.IDlp)'lOIIJ;Iie ronoca 1I3 CMemaHHoro xopa nepenaror
rpener H .n;pO*D - Moi-ca-trcmble, infini incessamment qui tressaille. <.Sl-3TO
OCima, 6ecKORe.1JHO 6C30CTaBOB01JH0 .l\PO:>Kan::J;aJI). B rpaipaxe IIapTIl1YPI.1 B03HHI<a
lOT ROBbIe CHMBOJIl,l: 3aIIITpax.OBaHHbIe HOTl::l 003 IIITRJIeH 03HaqalOT B03MO:JKH0 KO
POTKYIO )lJIH'I'eJIhHOcn., a HOThI, coenaaeaasre non - legato:
)J;eJIHKaTHoe staccatissimo JlYXOBbIX (.J..35) II BI.IpaCTalOIIlee Ha cro ePOHe JIaMCH
I03Hoe glissando B rcnocax conpaao BHOCJIT HOB)'lO My3I:.IKa.JThHj'lO MbIem.:
Ombres de mondes infimes (<<TeHR CaMl>IX MeJIb1Jafun:Bx. MIq)OB).
B KYm.MHHan>m I sacra - quasif - xop anepssre acrynaer B 12-3B)"IHbIii axzopn
(tutti ,J.90) il la nage merveil1euse <Mb!cJm o 'lj')leCHOM nnasaaaaj, a aa
TeM HH,T(HBH.lJY31Il>IDde Merro)J;HqecKBe JIHHHR y KroIC,l:l:Oro ronoca Hacl:;!IIlaIOTCH csas
KaMH, aaorna npeBIillIIaIOIllHMH OKTllBY (CM. naPTHTYPY).
IIoCJIe HCKOTOpOro YCIIOKoeHIDI aacrynacr perrpasa, nosropmomas )')Ke 3HaKO
""Iii MaTepHan aasana I qaCTH (,J.143). 3)lCCb 3aMeTHO CTPeMJICHHe K xosnearpanaa
H H3JIO:>KeHIDl, - pcrrpasa ropasno xopose 3KCII03BJ:J;HH. Bropoa My3:E.lK8..JIl>
HbIil 06P03 CHJJbHO H3MeHeH (,J.163). I sacrs yracaer Ha nOBTOpllKlII\eMCH B pa3H060H
)l(eHCKHMH roJIOCaMH xopa a cappella 3B)'KC Cl - vic OKH3Rb).
II 'tIaCTh (BeJIHKaJI. 6BTBa) pC3KO KOHTpaCTIlpyeT IIepBoH - 3'IO KapTHHa crpam
Hoil 60pb6bI, KOTOpaH 3aTeM TPaHcljJOpMHPYCTCH B cmxIDiHyro, P03Pynmrem.K)'IO
CHJIY, qeJIOBetrecK:B:K crpax, raes H orsasnae. 3Ta. xacrs HaH60JIe:C HOBaTOpCIGUI B
I Ilenucoe 3. B. H Mo6H.1U>H&Ie :t.lIeMellTbl M)l3WKaJlbHOI1 lj)oPM:bI H HX D3aHMo,neI1CT
BHe /I COBpeMeHHWI M)'3LlkaH eaomonaa KOMlI03HTOPCkolt TeXHHKH. - M., 1986. - C. 134.
2. TKIIH'IHO anearopa-recsaa $BK'I}(Pa.. -;HO nOBTOpeRHe KaKolt-JIH60 fl>YIIIlI>13BYKOB ad libitum J1.0
Ka:KOfO-HH6yJU> eaaxa QKOflllaHIDi WIH aoaoa My3bUl:amHOA MblCJIH). KOMn03HTOpLI no
Pa3HOMY 0603aQaroT nOBTOpeHHe 3BYKoa, aarrpaecp, y Ilcunepeusoro - no rryaxrapnaa JIHHIDI, Y
Hlroxxayaesa - CTpeJTka Dopano.

l
O'lEPKnHTbJR
70
l:
B:&I6ope cpencrs, xoropste aaxoztsrcz ua rpaaa M)'3LIKa.JfbHOro HpOCTHIDI nexnasra
qIDI xopa 6C3 onpcnencsso BLIeOThI 3B}'I(a CDlleT3eTCR e III)'MOBOH: My3LIKO:H: yaap
m.IX. OpKCCTjl BI,mOJIHJIeT IDlJIK)cTjlaTHBHYJO 1j>)'HKI1HIO, HMHTBpya rpOXOT opy):(Hii:
Kapnmy no CJIOBaM JI. M. KOKOpCBOH, )J;onOJIIDIeT ryn Ii pca )JJ'XOBhDO)2. Or
JIHqHTeJII"mur xcpra xacra COCTOHT B TOM, no xop B HCR HC noer o6LJIIHO, a paamrs
m,IMH rrpOH3HOCHT cnoaa (OT menora )];0 KpHKa). BMeCTO 1pa.,zI;HIUIOHHOro
rurrnJIHHCHHOrO aoraoro CTaHa KOMlI03HTOP HCnOJIL3yeT )J;Be C1'p0KH )VUI
BLICaThI .n;CKJIaMHpyeMI.IX enoe. BLICOTa 3ByKa He HCnOJ1IDleTC5I 6yKBa.JIbHO xax OHa
0603Ha-qeHa, HO MO)f(HO npH6.Jm3HTeJILHO Bl:imemrn, 1]lH peracrpa:

BCpXHHii
cpe)(llHJi
HH3KHli

3m peracrpst pa..3JJF!BM B 3aBHCHMDCTH OT TIma ronoca, nanpaacp, 3ByK B
Cpe.IJ;HeM peracrpe y conpaao )l;aIDKeU 3ByqaTL BbIIlle TOro, KOropLJi.i yxasan B TOM )Ke
pcracrpe y aJIDTOB. B aasane II 'll3cm JKcHcKHe rorroca nOIOT ad libitum, roma Kale
MYJKCKHC ronoca Hcno1IWl1OT CCKI:{HH, TIUcrHPYeMI:>Ie 06hPIHbIM- (a battuta).
TIo)K3Jl)'ii. :)TO C,llHHCTBCHHbrH epparMem xorna B xope COlleT3lOTCJl cex
IJ;BlI Ta.lCTIlpyeMhle +H HCUOJIIDlCM1de CBo6oJUIO ....
Harcpecmos 06pa3I\OM rpalj>mm napTHTYP'" JIroTOCJIaBCKOro CJJyx<aT ceKI\HH 49
50. DOli 06e= naprarypaaa (xopoao H opxecrposo) BMeeTca cnenyiomee 060
saaneaae:
--"-

I
Bepxaa PM 1peyroJILHHKOB osnasaer BC'fYIlIleHHe :>KeHCKoro xopa, HIDKE:H:H
PR):( - M)?KcKoro, a aepraxansasre JmHHH - OpKCCTp. B .n;aHHOM 3IIH30.n;e naprarypu
eers pcaapxa asropa o TOM, -rro 3TH ceKD;lIH MOryr BCnOJIIDITLcjI ,IJ;B)'M5I
l) Ka:H<,lI;f..lii: ,D;HpIDKep rrOK83LIBaeT BC1)WIeHllil, BIDIMaTeJIhHO ClICJl'{ sa aHcaM6neM
napTIDIMH H BC1)WIeHHeM npyro rpyrrrrsr (HMeeTCH B BH,IJy OpKecTpOBOH na
60 xoposo), HJIH 2) KaJK.IU,Iii IlHpIDKep npononacaer IlHpHlKHJloBaTh csoe rpymroii,
cnens .mmu. sa aHCaM6neM BHYTPH 3TOH rpyrmsr, He 06paIIlWl BImMmme Ha 1'0, tITO
npoacxoznrr B naprasx .n;pyrOH rpynnn, 0603HalleHHblX B napTIITYPc. (Ha Dam
B3r.JIH.D:. 3TOT aaropcxa KOMMeuTapHit HeCKOJILKO CTpaHeH, TaK KaI< BO BTOpOM crry
xae nOClIe.n;OBaTeJILHOCTh BCT)'II1IeHHii XOpOBOH li opKeCTpOBOH rpynrr MO:>KeT 6:E.ITb
He TOlJHOH. Cy,UR no 3aIIHCH Tpex CTHXOTBOpemrlb> Ha Bapmascxo OceHH
1963 rona nozr ynpasnenaea asropa (ana xoroporo 31'0 BLIC'fYIlIleHHe 6LIJIO .n;e61O
TOM B Kal:lCCTBe .LUIPIDKepa) H CJlaBKO napaacapoaaanrero XOpOM, WVI HC
l B C KOMn03HTOpOM nOJIl>cKHA My:ibIKOBe.rt T. Ka'ffiHl,cKHA BhlCKB3aJI COMHeHHe, MO)KRO JIH
C'lHTaTL M)!3bIKOJIbHOii 'l'paKTOBKy BTOpOro Marno. Ha wro KOMTI03HTOp oraeran, 'ITO
{(B KOHUC KOHIJ.OB, 3aBHCHT 01'" Toro, 'ITO Mhl C'nITBeM My.JhlJ<oi11 ECJrn nOHHMaTL ee nOCTaTOIlHO
WHpOKO, KaK xoropoe onepnpyer 3B}'KaMH, 6eJonIOeHTeJU,HO HX npHpO,lthl H npOHCXO>KJl,e
TO KOMn03HTOp ne'frepecraer 6btTl, KOMn03HTOpOM nIDKe TOrna. xorna OH OIIepHJlYeT JlHIIlb CJTO.
BaMH -rescrso (CM. 06 3TOM: Pannonopm JI. r. BHTOJ1lonJboTOcmmcm. - M., 1976. - C. 12).
2Koeopeea JI. M eca, - C. 64.
1t'H crnxOTBOPEHIDI: AHPH MHniO BIfTOJIh!tA JIx:rrOCJTABCKOro 71
DO.lIHeHIDI nysnre nepssra BapHaHT, rrOTOMY tITO 6JIarop;apX 06olO,I:UlOMY BHHMaHHIO
JtBYX P;OCTHraeTCR nocnenosarensaoe BC'ryUJIemIe XOpOBLIX rOJIOCOB li
opxecrpa, )'Ka3aRHOe KOMII03HTOpOM.)
II qaCTL Tpex crnxOTBOpeHHID> - COHOpHC'I1{qeCKa.H KOMU03HllID1, nocrpoeaaax
no 3aKOHaM TeKCTOM)'3I:.!KaJILHOH lj;lOpMLI. PaTM B opxecrpe H TeXCTOpHTM B xopc B:DI
C'fYIIaIOT snecs KaI< rnaaaoe opranaayromee cpencrso (IIpHMepl:.I 2. 3)1.
ill xacrs OTJU>IX B aeesacrse sosapamaer xopy ero eereerseaasie BOKa..n:::E.HJ.,Ie
B03MO)KHOCTB. - IIOCJIe 3K3a..n:::E.THpOBaHHOH ,ll;eKnaMaI.tHH neme eCTeCTBeHHLIM o6pa
30M BhIpIDKaeT npOCBeTJICHHe. ,l:(IDKe B opKeC11JOBKe 3TOH qaCTB H3MCHeH KOJIOpHT:
J nosra OTCyrCTByroT Ynapasre H Me,ll;1J, yerynas TeM6paM nepesanasrx .uyxOBIJX, aplj;lI:.I
H lj;loprerrn:aao, KOTOpoe B :nOH sacra He 11JaK1YeTeSl KaI< YMPm..m: HHCTpYMeHT. Bero
1JaCT.b rrpoaassraaer JIeH'rMoTHB aptP:DI, OCHOBamn.m Ha 6:DICTpOM nosropeaaa ozmoro
3Bj'Ka. EMY BTOplIT xop, BC'I)'IIalOn::otii -B yIDIeOH C sroro JKe 3B)'Ka. EOJILIIIHHeTBO
ceKItHii 3aKJIlOqnoreJILHOH qacTH Ha'lJHHalOTCSI TaIOKe B )'BRCOH. a 3aTeM OCHOBHOH TOH
paCCJIaHBaeTCSI, CHOBa soeztaao, Jm60 H3MeIDIeTCR B .zq>yrOH TOH (IIpH
MephI 4 A, B).
Harepecao ssrerpoea HOJ(XO,ll; K KOJle eO'lJHHeHIDi: rrOCJIe
anearopao XOpOBOH eexnaa (24), OCHOBaHHOH Ha Ll-roaoao BeJlTHKaJIH (6e3fis),
CJIe)JJ'eT paspemeaae sroro C03ByqwI Bfis aptPbI H HOCJIe.n;yro:r:r:r;Hii OKT3BHh:I:H YJiHCOH
csremaaaoro xopa H opxecrpa Ha TOHe fis; rrOJl06HOe npoaeaenae BLl3l:.maeT onry
II(eHHe ycnoxoeaas, Cassa xona (cexnaa 34) - 3TO BHOBL airearopasr 3IIH30.n. Ha'llll
H3lOID;B.ia:ex C ysacoaa fis' y conpaao, aJIbTOB. TeHopOB M paeeeaaaronraco JlO
nozaoro HCqe3HOBeHWI ,ltBIDKemeM no norryroaasr BHH3 H ssepx B 06'heMe KBapThI
(/isl_cisI). ECTeCTBeHHO, sra RHTOHaIJ;HH 06pa3YeT apxy C XOpOBLIM BCT}'lIJIeHHCM
I qaCTB, B KOTOpOM )KeHCKB:e ronoea, KB)l(J{LIH co CBoeM 'HHIllUUIJlYaJILHOM JIHHHeii,
3aIIOJIHHJIH no nOJIYTOHaM BHH3 xnacrep ges1-des. TaKBM 06pa30M, aero KOMII03H
ItBlO Tpex craxoraopesa 3aMLIKaeT HHTOnaIJ;IDi, B xoropo n;elITpaJI:bHLIM TOHOM
JlBIDleTCHfis (ges/,
.5IpKoe xY,ll;O)KeCTBeHHOe aoaneeraae Tpex eTHXOTBopeHHii ARPH Manros o6y
CJIOBJIeHO COJlep)KaTeJIbHOCThJO COHOpHOro (H COHOpHCTIftIeCKoro) TeMaTH3
Ma. H XOTSI nareparypnsra reKCT eO'l:fB.HeHWI, Ha nepBLI:H sarnazr, MOJKeT nOKa3anCSI
aeJlCHhIM, .RpKIDI eIOJKeTHaH JIHHHH rpanraxa II03BOIDIeT BLI.lIBMTh CMIdeJIOByro Ha
npaBJIeHHOCTh M)'3LIKa.JI:bHO-rr03TH"'IeCKOH KOHIJ.eIIl1,HH B UeJIOM.
HcnoJIHHTeJILeme B03IIHKa.lOII:J;Be B JlaHHOM eoxaaeaaa, CBSI3aHbI e
TpaKI'OBKOfi xopa KaK. HHeTpYMelITaJILHOM rpynnsr, B KOTOpOH KaJK.[O)IH neeen
noer KaI< COJlHCT. ):Lpyroii BIDKROH np06JIeMOH )QlR M)'3LIKaHTOB SlBIDIeTCSI oTCyrCTBMe
TaKTOBLIX sepr M nepaonasaoro xrcrpa BHyrpH anearopnsrx nocrpoeaaa, noaroxy
HCnOJIHIITeJIL OpHeHTBpyeTCJl Ha eBOH eo6CTBeHHLIe omymeaas TeMTIa M
nynsca. Oco6oii OTJIH'iHIem,.HoH l:JepTOH eOqJ)HeHIDI CJl}'JKHT Ha..JIH'lIBe JlBYX napraryp
(XOpOBOil: M opxecrposo), a TaIOKe H yxaerae JlBYX JJ;HpH)KepOB B MCnOJIHemm. He
o6xo,D;KMo OTMCTBTh, lITO ysacrae HeeKOJILKHX JJ;HpH)KepOB B npouecce HenOJIHeHIDI
xapexrepao .wm MHomx cosaaesaa XX aexa B CMJIY MHorOCOeTa.BHOeTM MerrOJ!HH
TeJIeH HJIH CJIO)KHOCTH HX paerrOJIOJKeMHH. Ho B TaKHX eOtmHeHIUIX, KaI< TpH CTHXO
TBopeHBJI ARPH Mmrro Jhoroenaecxoro M, aanpasrep, <<HesHJlHMLIe XOpl:.D> H3 "Iem
l PHIMlf<leCKWl: J{eKJTaMawm Ha <pOHe opxecrpa - osem, spxoe aapaaaremnoe cpeJ{CTBO, HeO,lJJIO
KpaTHO npHMeHlleMOe pa3HblMH K0J>fn03HTOpaMH, narrpasaep OP<P0M, Ouerreposc Y
11.. MHAo coaeraaae roaopamero H YJ{aPHblX HHcrpYMeHTOB CBlI3aHO C B03pOJKJJ;eHHCM rrpae
MOB aH'IH'IHOro M)'3bIKam.HOro rearpa (8 -rpwroraa Opecrea no 3cxHJTY).
2 PaJBHTIle <pmla.JJa Tpex CTHXOTBOpemDb> uarrpaeneao OT 3B)'K0Boro nesrpa des (cis) s fis.
O'lEPK flRThJR
72
eepea CBETA WTOKXa)'3eH8, npH"mHOH ysacraa HeeKOJII:.KHX CJIYJIOiT
HCnOJTh30Ba.HHe aneaTOpBOH TeXBHKB. l.{eJIOBeK B CIUIY csoe IICHXOlPH3meCKOH
npaponsr He MO>KeT O,lJ;HOBpeMeHHO HCnOJIIDlTh MY3L!KY, HaIIHCamI}'1O B Pa3HOM
rrynsce, TeMDe, MeTpe.
Xopoasre COlJDBeRHB BHTOJlL,ll,a JhOTOCJIaBCKOro
PeKBHeM = COJIHCTOB xopa HopxecrpaI q,parMeHTa), 1937.
Tosapam, necna Ha CJIOBa C. BLlTO,lJ;CKOro AJlll MYJKcKoro xopa II opxecr
pa, 1952.

TPH CTHXOTBOpeHHJl, AHPH Marno =20-roJIOCHOro xopa Hopxecrpa, 1963.
j(eHUC06 3. B. CTa6HJI1>HDIe H Mo6H.JIhm.Ie M)'3bII<aIThUOH 4>OPMIol II HX
B3aHMo.o;eHCTBHe /I COBpeMeHHaH M)'3bIKa II 3BOJllOI{Bl:I KOMII03BTOpcKOH
TeXHHKB. - M., 1986.
Koeoymex L(. TexHHKa KOMD03m::emr B M)'3bIKe:XX aexa, - M., 1976.
EeCe,lJ;LI Hmc:OJThCKOH e BHTO.JI&)J;oM .JlIoTOCJIaBCKHM. CTaTbH. BOCIIOMHHa
HHJl. - M., 1995.
Koxopeea JI. M MY3ldKaJThHaJl K)'JThT}'Pa IIOJILIIIH XX sexa: KaPOJTh ll!HMBHOB
cKRil, BHTOJIL,ll JI1oTocrrBBCKRil, Kumnrroq, Ileanepenxa. Oxepxa. - M., 1997.
HUK.ORbCIUlJl H. or ll1HMaHOBCKOro lI.0 JIroTOCHa.BCKOrO ft Ileunepenxoro. - M.,
1990.
Pannonopm JI. r. BHTon::&,lJ; JhoTOCHa.BCKRH. - M., 1976.
Lllanmynep 10. B. O crane B. Jhorocnascxoro 60-x rOIlOB II IIpo6JIeMOI MJ'31d
KaJThHOii Ha)'KH. BbIII. 3. - M., 1975.
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HUU CmpQ6UHCI<020 neu(}Bpel/PalU ycmalla6llueaem
Ba:JH:llblU MOcm MeJ/oCdy numypeuueccuu (}eiicm6OM u
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16 anpenx 1967 rona B lloJILIIIe aa rop)KeCTBeHHO:H: nepexoaaa crspsrraa MOHY
MeHTa..JThHoro KOMnJ[eKCa Ha MeCTe 6hIBmero lIlanmCTCKoro nareps B OCBeHlUIMe
snepasre npoasysana oparopaa Krrranrrorpa Ileanepemcoro Dies irae ).:(.JUI COJIIlCTQB
(conpano, resop, 6ac), xopa H opxecrpa, nOCBJUD;eHH8J{ n8MHTH scepra Bropo MHpO
Boif BOHHI:.l. Hcnonaeaae sroro npoassezreaaa .a::oHJIOCL orpOMR&IM C06b1THCM He
roJILKO B M)'3LIKaJD:,.HO:H, HO H otinrecraeanoa )K113HH: apxoe, nonaoe 3KCupecCIDI co
xaacsae crane nocroascr 3ByxOBLlM MOH)'MeHTOM mepTBaM lIlamH3Ma. Bonnome
HYe rpaH,D;B:03HOrO 3aMLICJIa ocym;CCTBJ1eHO B OC060M CTHJIHC1'H'lleCKOM aanpanne
HIrn, KOTOpoe xapaxrepao ,ltJIJl TBop-qCCTBa K. Ileazrcpenxoro 60 - 70-x rO,lJ;OB. tIro6l>l
npcncraaare, 'tJTO me npencraanser M)'3LIKa rronscxoro aaaarapaa, MO)KHO
npocro pacxpsrrs mo6yro CTpaHHlU' rraprarypsr Ileaaepenxoro rex JlCT: ropU30H
TaJILHbIC JIHHHH yrOJIIIJ;8IOTCJI HJ1H C}')IC8IOTCJI, nepennerarorcx, rrepexoztsr B reoxer
pK'leCKBC q,mypM, ssrrecasx mm aacnaaaaacs ilPyr Ha npyra, .. 06DJ;Jlli csercn My
3LIKH Ileaaepenxoro BO MHoroM paCICpLIBaerCJI }')ICe 3PlITeJIEoHO - B
aanosceaas MarepHana. tIyBCTB3, rrepeacarsre CaMHM KOMll031lTOpOM no noeorry HC
IIOJlHCffiUJ csoero ncpaoro cosaaeaaa Ba Bapmascxo OCCHH 1959 rona:
. l
<<A JI BaM nOKIDKY, lITO MO)KHO COBceM aaaxe , KaK HeJlL3.a: JJY1IIIIe xapaxrepaayror
MLlIJlJIeHID( Ileaaepenxoro, KOTop6e cymecraeaao OTJI::RqarrOCL OT
,J:J;H:qHOHHLlX HOpM C01JlIHeHHS[, BLI,lJ;BBnUI HOBLle CBOHCTBa M)'3LIKH, B03HHKHyBIIIHe B
pe3yJILTaTe HHTeHCmmOrO pacmapeaas XY,lloJK.ecTBeOOoB: rrpo6JlCMaTHKH BTOPOH
nOJlOBHHLI aamero croJIeTIDI.
M)'3LIKa reM6poKpacolJJll,IX 3ByqHocreii - COHopHKa - MO)KeT OTpIDKaTL B CBO.HX
1Il0pMBX Bee lCpaCOK coepexeaaoro MHpa. Ee pacnpocrpaaenae a
K0MI103HTOPCKOH npaxraxe :xx sexa 06yCJIOBJIeHO onpe,lJ;eJIeHHI:JMH reHJl.e.HUH>1MH
cassoro xona M)'3fJIKaJILHO-HCmpIflIeCKoro nponecca. B nepsyro osepcns - 3T0 BCe
YCHJIHBaIOID;alIC.a: pOJIL 1Il0mrqeCKHX, KOJIOpHCTIJlICCKHX npHHI(HIIOB B OpraHH3aD;HH
xarepaana.
C01IHHeffiUJ Flcmreperrxoro, TaKHC, KaK Stabat Mater
(1962), CTpacTH no Jlyxc (1966), Dies irae (1967), Sayrpeaa (1970-1971),
KOCMOroHIDl>} (1970), Canticum Canticorum Salomonis (1973), Magnificat
(1974) HMeIOT esca JIeKCffi(OB: c6JIWKaJI COHOpHKY, COHOpHCTHK}', anearopaxy,
ncamronmo, K0MI103HTOP ,lJ;06HBaerc.a: y,lJ;HBHTeJILHOH OJJ:Hopo,rmOCTH nenoro.
Bee peipopsaaropcrao IIeH,IJ;epeD;KOro, nOBneKII1eC sa C060H 06HoBneHHe 06Pa3HO
ro crpoa, ocym;CCTBJIeHO KOMn03I:lTOpOM -B 1IIICTO 3ByxOBO:H KaK rramer
A. B. MBamKHlI, Ileazrepeuxa azrpyr 3aroBOpHJI Ha HOBOM )VISI:. scex JI3fJIKe. Pe
tILIO - :>KHBOH, HenOCpe,lJ;CTBeHJIOH, CBJn,HO apraxynapoaaaao, COeJlHHeHHOH co
"My.JLlKaJILHOii JKeCTHK}'JIJID;Heit"... Myasnca Fleanepeuxoro Cnepsoro
B3rJUI)la BOCnpHIIHMarraCL KaK ae:KI:di: "3HaK", KaK rpa41lJ1IeCKHe cxesrsr, 3aMemnoIIJ;He
--------
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I CM. 06 3TOM; H80lUPalll A. B. Krmrurro41 TIeHJJ.epewoot - M., 1983.- Fnaaa l.
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78
Orn;PK U1ECTOR
nopo CJIOBecH)'lO O rex HJIH H:HLIX: aopaax H npasanax. ,lVm: Toro,
t.IT061iI nOHJITb, o t:IeM xoser CKa38Th KOMl103HTOP. .JIHlIIb ycmnnars KaK OH ro
BOpHT: 'l3DIK Ileaziepeuxoro nerxo YCBaHB8ercR B aenocpencrseanoa o6memm:... Pe
ansnoe 06mCHHe co cnynrarenex KOMII03IITOP HOCT8BH1I aenpeMeHBl.>IM yCJIOBUeM
M)'3LIKaJI(,HOH 06pa3HOCn! l
,UCilCTBHTeJlbHO. Bee MepTBMC rpal!llflecme 3HBKH rraprarypsr 6yxBa.JILBO
Q)K}{BaroD> B aerrocpencreeaaov HCnOJIHeHHH, II BO MHOrOM CMLICR My3LIKH IIO.JIL
cxoro KOMTI03J!TOpa OTKpbIBaeTCJI HaM JIHIm, 'lJ.CPe3 )fQIBoe aayxoaoe BOIDIOm;CBlIe.
JImepaTYPH&lC oparopaa Dies irae Ilesnepenxoro HMeIOT Kpaiimle

rpaaansr acropaseexoro .n;HaITaJOHa: !llparMeHThl EH6mm, 3ID130,ll@ ID 'rparerraa
3BMeHR,l\bD) 3eXJ!1IB, a TllIOKe n033ID! XX aexa - JJ. Aparos, Il. Banepa, B. Bpo
aeacxa, T. -PyJKeBIA. Bee TeKCThJ
J
xposse 3cXHJIa, nepeaeneaa Ha JIa'IDIHL
(!f>ParMCBTIir ID -rpare,IJ;HH aanaeaamae aa rpeqeCKOM. JtaIOTCJI B TpaHCKpHD
D;Jm naTIDiCKHMH 6yxnaMH). B TBKOM TeKCTOB DPHCyreTByeT anea olYLel\H
neaas p83BhD B3hIKOB, MO:>KHO ):(aJKC CK83an, H,lleg ymmepcaJIB3arr;uH K3LIKa, B OT
mcrae, CK3JKeM, OT I(HKJIa CTIIXOTBopeHHii Taanepa, soropsr HCII0JIb30
BaJI B CBoeM Pexsaeae 3. ,ll;eHHcoB, rne O,llBO CJJOBO mm <ppa3a 3ByqHT IIOCJIe.n;Ol!a
TeJII,ao Ha rpex K3LIK3X - 8Hrnu:HeKOM, aeMeme.OM (CM.: Osep BOCb
Mail. Xoposoe TBOp'lecTBO 3. }:\eBHcoBa).
B:E>I6op JIaTh.IIIH TOJKe He cnysaea: oparopas sassraaercs Dies irae xex -sacrs,
JIaTHBCKOro pexaaessa, XOTJl KOMII03HTOP He BenOJIL3yeT TeKCT KaTOJllI'iecK01i sayno
KOHHOil CnyJK6bI. IleH,!\epeqmil pacyer l\eID> crpamaoro cyzmoro ,llHJI He TPilI\IDllI
OBHO-KaHOIDflIeCKHMH (K8K nareparypeeeca, TaK H M)'3LIKaJIE.HLIM:H) cpcncreesra, a
COBpeMeHH&1M eM)' SOLIKOM, npa 3TOM 3ByqaHHe eraporo, IlO BLI
paJKeHH!O M. CrpaBHHCKOro, JIa1RHCKOrO 113LIKa, 06'Le)J;HIDleT Be TOJThKO pasasre JIH
Tepa'IYPHLIe HCTOlffilIKJ3:, HO li ,lle.rraeT TeKCT ymmepeam.BLIM .nIDI nOHH
MaHH.lI. )l(epTBbI OCBeHJJ;HMa rosopana Ba pa3HLIX: X3fdK3X
OpaTOpID! COCTOHT H3rpex xacre: I. Lamentatio, II. Apocalypsis, ill. Apotheosis;
K3JKJl.aH H3 qacre1i HMeeT nO):(38rOJIOBOK: 1. Circumdederunt me funes mortis..
(<<060JUlU MeHR. 60ne3HU CMepmH&le..; ITcMOM 114), ll. K .. et laquei inferorum
superveneront mihi (...M)'KU nocmuenu Meml; ilcaJIOM 114), ill. Absorpta
est mors in victoria (<<lI02JlOUleUa CMepm& Ilepaoe nocnaaae K KOpHB
q,l!HaM, 15).
B I qacrn: B OCBODHOM UenOJIb3yIOTCJl reKCThJ DonOB XX sexa - Aparo:aa, Bpo
aeeexoro, PYJICeBINa, BKOTOpI:JX aanesarnema :>KepTB <panTIl3Ma. 3Ta CTIIXH
HeMOIyr OCTaBHTL HHKoro paBHO.IJYIIIHLn.rn:: 6om. II crparraaaa 3BepCKB. 3aMyqeHHblX
JnO):(e1i naacerna OCTaHYTCJI B cepnnax rex, lITO XOn. pas CTOJIKHYJIeg C xpoaaxoa TO
ro BpeMeHH paCCK338MH B&DlGlBlIDlX, KHHO- H <PoTo.n;oKj'MeHTIlMH li nocnenyrorrta
MH npOH3Be.neHIDIMH HCKYCCTBa: JIBTepaTYPHldM:H C01JHHeHIDlMH, Kap1'HBaMB, KHHO
q,RJII,MaMH o rparenaa Bropo MapOBoil BOiim.r.
Bo II "qftCTH pacyercs xapraaa OHR zueea. Hcno.JTh3yeMbIe TeKCThI <pparMeH'I'I>I H3
II 113 1pare)l;HH 3BMeRH,ZJ;loD} 3CXRJIa nepezraror a,n;CKHe
,l:(peBHei1:Imle nareparypmae HCT01llIHlCFJ 3TOH 'Iacm o6'be,UHIDl.eT omymeaae yscaca II
HeKOTOpIDI Mn<ponOI"'HtIeeKliSl caepxpeansaaa H306pa3HTem.HOCTb.
ill xacrs - ITorJIOmeHa caeprs n06e):(0I0. C1'pOKH H3 Ilepsoro nOCJIaHIDI
K (15, 54) - Cuepme! Foa mBOR no6eoa? Foe moe :JICGJJo?))2 CHM
'.
I 1feaUL1am A. B. U;HT. COli. - C. 59.
1 3TH crpoxa TalaKe acrroneaoaan H. EpaMC tl !IeMCJ.Ul;OM pCKBHCMC, (1857-1868).
79
BOJIB3Rp)'lOT HM CMepTLIO - <<.IIo5e)K)J;aroIII;Hii Re IIOTepITHT BmpOR CMepTH
(AnOKamtnCHC, 2). 3aKJI1O'lHTeJII.IlI.le CTp0KH III 'IaCTH rrpaaannessar 3BTOpy XX
CTOJIeTIDl- n. Banepa, OHH ztaror aa,n;e)K,llJ aa nponoroseaae >1G13HK: Berep BCTaeT.
JKBTb!.
06PaMJlJllOT Bee cosaseaae enesa corpora parvulorum (emena oemeu): B Ha
'IMe I 1JaCTH ORH aayaar Yconapyiomcro conpaao, a Bn, 3 3TI:I enesa npOH3HOCHTCJI
ena-rana M)')KCKBM, 3aTeM CMemaHHbIM XOpOM quasi una litania mezza voce, HaCTO
pIDKHBaH cnymarena H I1pHKOBLIBaJI ero BHHMa.HHe. B CaMOM KOHIJ;e oparopaa OHH
ssysar KaK OTrOJIOCOK, HanOMHlIaHHe o aeaumrsrx zcepraax BOmn.:r, o rex, KTO ac
t TaJICH BRe BpeMeHH.
t1>opMoo6pa3)'101Il)'IO PO.1ID B OP.RTOpUH 6eper Ha xax TeKCT, He TO.JID
KO opraaasya CTpYKIYPY nenoro C01JBHeHllil, HO H BLtsrBJU{j[ Merp H pHTM'I[qecK}'lO
rrynscanaio M)'3hIKB. ABTOpOM HC )'I<33aH IDI TeMIT, Hl! paasrep, H HCII01IHeHHe aroro
npoaaaeneaaa D,eJIHKOM 3aBHCBT OT M)'3hII<aHTOB, OT HX npoxreaas H npoaycraoaa
HIDl rexcra. KpOMe TOro, CaM reKCT JlBIDIeICH 0)UmM ID BH,IJ;OB COHOpHOro MaTepHa
JIa, acnonsayexroro aapaaae C xnacrepasra, ,lJ;HCCOHancaMB. ,llHHa.\mKOH, TCM6pOBOH
:KpaCO'CffiOCThIO.
BI.l,lleJIHM rrexoropsae oc06eHHOCTH npOH3HOmeHIDI rexcra B Dies irae TIeH;J;e
pcnxoro:
1. Cnoao pa36HBaeTCH Ha cnora H npOH3HOCBTCH noosepezrao XOpOBI.IMH rono
CaMB: ill qaCTh.ll. 21 <Bercp acraer, Ilonpo6yeM xars!):
S Sm-
A <, -tus. / ------ -mus
T "<, -git /' _ 'vi-ve-re!
B ven- - Tem
2. TIoJ("lepI<HBaHHe cnoros li OT,lJ;CJlbHLlX 6)'KB. 3,lJ;eeI. MOJKHO OTMerHTh. qro 60
nee MeJIl(Oe CJIOB Ha cnora H aecer B ce6e COHOpHCTIf'Iecl<}'lO
TO CCn. :KpaC01IHOCTh 6e3 onpeneneaaoa BLlCOThI 3B)'lCa (IIpHMep 1).
3. llpOH3HOmeHHe .IJ;Byx H 60nee enoa B p83HbIX rpynnax xopa O,lI;HOBpeMenHO.
qro cosnaer HenpOCJIYIIIHBaeMOCTII C8MOro TeKC'I'3., 3aBya.nnpOBaHHOCTH,
myMOB0!'9 I xacre, n, 2, enesa ...provolabunt cursu super historiam tendentia
pacnpenensrorca cne,DJ'IODUIM 06pa30M:
SI
SU
SUI
SIV
SV ON,.
SVI vo
,
AI
An
AnI
AI.V
AV
AVI
,
ri
eur
su.
am
',
-, ,
-ht
-
"o
-
Ii
o.
su-:
a"
len
den
'l, la- r
buni
4. B 60Jlbmeii lIaCTH oparopaa reKCT Bee )Ke rrpocnynraaaerca ,lJ;OCTaTO'llHO HCHO:
BO-nCpBI.1X, y COITHCTOB, BO-BTOPhIX. B xope, xorna nocnc ClJleamOpHO-pUmMUf{eCKUX
xsacmepoe-oexsauauuu (CM. nanee), XOpOBI.le ronoea CXO,IVITCJI Ha onpcztcneaasrx
mm cnoaax, xoropsre npOH3HOCHTCJI O,lI;HOBpeMCHHO. 11, xonexao, :3TO 06y
CnOB.JmBaeTCH XY,lJ;O)KeCTBeHHI:.IMH 3a,n;alI8MH. Hanpzssep, -qeHTpRJThHLle _CTpOI<H
II 'lIaCTH: Venit dies magnus irae ipsorurn (<<11 npanrcn Bemuarii ,lJ;eHI. mc
BID>; Arroxanancac, 6) npOH3HOCJlTCH :KpllKOM O,lI;HOBpeMeHHO HaJJJ 6e3 orrpczrcnen

.
OtlBPK uacroe
80
HO:H: B:&ICOThI 3aTeM cnezrycr reeepansaaa naysa KaJ( OT3BYK 3THX CTpa.nIHl>IX
CnOB.
3TO:H: XOpOBOH pesaranaa npeJ(IlICCTBOBaJI 1CJlGCmep-pOCCbInb (Ilpaxep 2)
3ByqHOCTh, B KOTOpOH napTIDI cMemaHHoro xopa Imer
CBOH nplPIY,llJIHBO-IDKYPHI:>rID) rraCCIDK e pa3H&IM TeKCTOM (O):(HO npeaaoxease
6HBaerC51 no 4JP83aM H .n:8eTC.sI O,IJ;HOBpeMCHHO no BepTH:Ka.JIH: li ,IJ;amJ 6LIJm eM}' ye
Ta, rosopanrae ropno H 60roxyJIbHO, H ,IJ;aH8 esry nnacrs ,IJ;CHCTBOB8Th COpOK
.D;Ba erecsrra; AnOKamm:CHC, 13; ... H IIOIIIlpaTh CBJITbli:i: ropon COpOK nsa Me
cxrta; AnOKanmICHC, 6):
s Et datum est

eios
loquens magna
A et blasphemias
et data
est ei
T potestas
facere menses
quadraginta duos
B ...ct civitatam sanetam
calcabunt mensibus
quadraginta duobus.
Maorae 4>parMCHTLi oparopaa B306pa3HTCJ1I>HLI. He npespamescs B casrortcrrs,
H306pa3HTeJl1,HOCTh oprana-rao BDJIeTaeTCJI B C'1.PYKIYPY nenoro. e 3TOH TO'nCll ape
HIDJ IIOKa3aTeJICH H COCTaB opxecrpa, B KOTOpOM paCIIIHpeHLI Y,I\apHWI 7yrrna
(6 JII1ITaBp, 6 TapeJIOK, rpyrrna fiapafiaaon, MeTa.JIJIHtICCKHe 6JIOKH, 6Ht1. JIaCTpa, rya
po, rpemorxa, rOHTIl, 2 TaM-TaMa, capeaa, qlHcrapMOHHJI. POllJTh H lIP.) H rpynna lIY
XOB"'" HHcTJ'}'MeHTOB (4 .pJIeKrhl, 3 3 caxcotpoaa, 4 .parOTa, 6 B3JITOpH, 4
Tpy6b1, 4 TpoM60HB, 2 T)'6I.I), O,iUlaKO IIOJIHOCThIO HCKJII()qeHLI cKpHIIKI:I ft a.m.TId. .Hp-
lCIrii 1i306p83HTem.m.m npaea - pes capensr, OT06pa>aro.II:J;Hii TpeBory B xoannarepe,
BU,. 18II qaCTH, no CJIOBaM 3. B. ):J;ewcoBa, ocymecranea :meMeHT8pm.IM, HO TOq
ua BI.mOJmelIlII.IM cnOC060M})'2. Coseraaae y.n;apHlilX H xopa B Dies irae, 6e3YCJIOB
HO, TpaKTOBaHO H306pa3m:em.HO H 3a'la.C1)'IO e,ll;llHLm TeM6pOBI.m DJIacT.
HJrrepecm.lM npHeMoM H306pB3HTeJII.HOCTH TeKCfa KaK rpaq>lflIecKH, rex R B crry
XOBOM BOCnpIDlTlm, snnaerca XOpOBOH 3mI30.n; II qaC'I'H, n, 10. Ilenaepenxa 06pa.3
HO HJIJIIOCTpupyeT TeKCT: Post haec vidi turbam znagnam, quam dinumerare nemo
poterat... (cflocne cera 11 sarnaayn H YBB,IJ;eJI MHO:iKecTBO JnO.n;eii, xoroporo HHKTO Be
Mar nepesecrs...; Anoxanancac, 7). or OCeBO:H: 1IlIHBH B nearpe naprarypu spas
H060H no BepTHKa.mI asepx H BHH3 KO BeeM ronocaa 24-roJIOCHoro csrenrannoro XO
pa paCXO)l.SlTC1I mnom. TeM CaMI.lM B naprarypsi mnrrnpyerc51 MHO)KeCTBO
mo.n;eH, KOTOpoe... He nepesecrs (Ilpaaep 3).
Oco6eHHocTH asyxosoro Marepuana IIOTpe60Barm OT
ormoro nonxona K cnocofiy era U3JIO)KeHIDl. PaccM01'pHM HeKOTOpI.Ie THIThI XOpOBOH
!PaKTYPI.I coaopaoro Marepuarra B OpaTOpHH.
'''''
l Jlacrpa - npHcrIOco61IeHHe.D.IDI paCKaTOB rpoaa.
l 3. B. vnapasre lfHC'CpYMeHThI B COBpeMeHHOM opxecrpe. - M., J982. - C. 217.
I
I
sl
l. Jlmnm: Pa3.JIH1mhIX THIIOB:
l. Ycmouvuean JrUHUR (aanpassep, Ba1JaJIO npOB3Be.n;eIDUl, 6achI) -
3ByK O.n;HO:A: BLICOThI. 3q.q.eKT pa3BlITWI )l;OC'IlIT'aeTCJl AHHaMFleCKHMH: II aJYI1lKYIDl:
UHOHmIMli cpeacrsaaa (bocca chiusa - 3aKplJI'LIM proM, ordiaare' - o6:E:.JliHO).
b. ch. ard b. ch.
= ppp
,
..
B ,lJ,aHHOM npaxepe XOp nOCTCneHHo OTlCpLIBaer pOT e )'BCJ'mlIeHHeM cHJILI 3ByKa:
saxp. pm. - )I O OCI - II 3aKpLmaer ero e y6aBJIeHHeM ,n;n::BaMBKH: 00
o y- 30Kp. pm.
2; JIUHUJl e 1lep09HOMepUblM euiipamo (I sacrs, n, 8)
coro
3. IIYJlbCUPYIOUfllR /lUNUH.. Harrpaaep, B Ha1IaJIC ill sacra XOp noer B OKT3BHl>Ii1
)'HHCOH Ba 3ByKe d, noosepenao npOH3BOCSl eJIOBa et vidi caelum novum et terram
novam (<<H YBB,l:(err Bc60 BOBae H 3eMlIlO nosyro);
S .;vi... .ram.
AI di ... vum /' no .
All di, vum .....
f no '.
TI et lum' . et... vam
TIl
B
..<lum
,,
cae
et .....
".
ter
vam
HMeHHo sra xpacxa xoposoro yaacoaa Ha sayxe d accorraaposanacs y MlIOI"RX
KOMII03HTOpOB co CHeTOM}) (AOeTaT01IHO BCnOMm!'I'D Topseecraemryro Meccy II <pR
HaJI ):{eBJITOH cm.rcP0HHH Berxoaeaa, PeKBueM ,I(eIDIcoBa). H .n;eACTBHTeJIbHO, ene
JJ;YIOIIJ;He aa BL1IIIeyx.8:3aBHOH: q.pa3oA ClIOBa: Ilornomeaa CMepTh (Ilepsoe
nOClIaHKe K KopHII<llJIHaM, 15) nozrsepxasaior OCHOBIJYlO anero Dies irae Ilcane
pcmcoro.
II. Knacrepsr pa3JllI1II1LIX BH)J;OB.
Mx MOJKHO paJ.n;eJIRTL Ha aeCK01ILKO rpynn: no mrrepBaJIDHOMY cocraay BJIH
BayrpelffieMY sanonaeaaro, O)J;HOBpeMeHHOMY H..JIH rroosepenaossy BC'IYJl1IeHHlO ro
lIOCOB. a TIUOKe no paJmAHLIM npaananai HCn0JIL30BaHIDl 'reKCTa (nemre bocca
chiusa, ordinare aa cnora H T. rr.).
l. Knacmep-napacmanue, xoropsra 06pa3yeTC)I nyreM IIPH6aBJIeHWI noosepeztao
roJIOCOB >KeacKoro Kopa (conpaao div. in 6, aJILThI div. in 6), 33IIOJIHIDI
TpHTOHf'-h': I sacrs, 1\. 2 (Ilpasrep 4).
2. j((Ju:NC)'U/UUCR taacmep aa1IBHaeTCSl O,ItROBpeMeBBO, HO y KaJIC)J;Oro ronoca-CBOS[
MelIO,llHlleCKaJI (B npenenax 6om.mo1t ceKyH.IJ;bI - MaJIOH: 'I'epUHH) H pH'I'MlftIeCKaJI JIH
RIDI, CBOR TeKCT. Knacrep aasaaaaaaercs TIUOKe O,I:(HOBpeMCBBO, HO aa npyro BLICO
re: I qaCTL, 1\. 4, OOcLI div. in 6 (Ilpassep 5):
qeJJOTOHOBLIH 3al<alPmBaCTC)I
mecraronocasra KJIaCTep KaK nonyronoasr
G-A-H-ties-es-f A-B-H-c-ties-d
--------- ..
I Ordlnare (o6&fIIHo) B xope KMeeTC.Il B BHJlY neeee 0TlCp!>m.lM proM Ha macm.lil 3ByX, cpe,.lUlldt
Me)K)O' O H a.
O<JEPKIDEC1'Oi!
82
3. Knacmep-poccenv (ycJIo)KHeHH:htii BapBaBT .llBHJKYDleroc.H xnacrepa) npczr
CT3BJIHeT 3Byq:HOCTL, B KOTOpYIO BXO,l:(KT KOJIOpuCTWIecm ascypasre rracca-.
)IGI, ,lJ;HCCOHaHTHaJI ocaosa KOTOP&lX TOBOBOB HCJlB4141epeHIJ;HpyeMo
CTH Kllaerepa: II q=, 11. 6, T. 2 (Ilpassep 2).
4. Knacmep-neoan, TO ecrs O,lJ;HOBpeMeHHo-npoTSDKellHl:.lil xnacrep: I T.laCJD, :U;. 4,
T. 3 rpa<jlH'lOCICH BIolTJIll)I.lIT CJIe.l\YlOII\BM 06pa30M: - "
S div. in 3 1-----
.',-----'---
.1"-----
d'
A div. in 3

dd
d
,
,
Tdiv.in6

u,
d
du-
o
H
B div. in 6
B
A
'" G
OU
pp - ff
B )l.3BHOM npaseepe xpoMamqeeICHii xnacrep JKeacKOro xopa c-f" .n;y6JIHPYeTC.1I B
oxrasy -reaopaaa div. in 6 cf; B ,ZJ;8.JIee 6acLI npononaaror xnacrep B 6om.moH oxra
Be-Ges-H.
5. OOHOSpeMeHHWU KIlQCmep-OeKJUlMal/UR, Koma xop CHHXpOHHO npOB3HOCHT
TeKCT 6e3 onpeneneaaoa BIJICOTLI3B}'K8: II sacrs, D;. 3: Est pro-iec-tus est dra-co il-le
mag-nus, ser-pens anti-quus... (<<11 HB3Bep:>Kea 6hIJI BeJIHIadi: npaxoa, .n;peBB::lIH
3MeH.; AnoKa..JlBIIeBC, 12).
6. Aneamopno-pumuuuecxuii sacmep-oexnauauun 6e3 onpeoenenuois Bbzcombl.
xornaxopoesre ronoea BC'I.j'IIaIOT BMecTc, HO npoB3HOCJIT O)J;HH H TOT )Ke
II aacrs, ll. 2, T. 2: et super comua eius decem diademata, et super capita eius
nomina blasphemiae (<<II Ha porax cro 6WIO .n;CCHTh .,IJ;IIa,n;CM, a Ha ronosax cro KMc
Ha 6oroxym.m.:rc; AnOKa..rI:HIICHC, 13).
7. A.ReamopHo-pumMU14CCKUU Ha onpeOeJJeHHOU Bblcome:
I qaCTL, ll. 3, Ba seyxe e CMcmaBHFJH xop quasi una litania (KaK 6:&1 nC8JIMo,lIB.PYJI)
noosepenao npOB3HOCRT cnoaa: Corpora parvnlorum, corpora iuvenum., corpora
puellarum (e'Iena .n;erett, 'rena roaome, TeJIa nesymex; Bpoaeacxaa, Tena),
(Ilpaaep 6).
8. Conopucmuvecsue xnacmepu, acrromsyromae pasasre H306pa3HTem.m.le
npaesca - glissando, vibrato, fischio, rrpoaaaeceaae H a.KIJ;CHTHpOBaHHC Pa3JIH1U1bIX
CJIOTOB, 6)'I<B II T. ll, (CM. IIpHMep 8).
9. KOM6uHupoBaHHblu taacmep, B KOroPOM COQeT8lOTCJI ,lJ;B8 H fionee npOeTLIX
(yKa3aHHbIX BI:.IIDe) KJI8CrepoB. Hanpmsep, I qacn" 1.(. 7-8: Ha K1I8CTep-nc.n;a.JIh y am
TOB div. in 4 HaKJI8,lJlJBa.eTCH ,!J;lUDKyn:J;JIitCJI xnacrep reaopos div, in 6, H .n;o6aaM
eTCJI xnacrep Cpa3J1H'1Boii ererreauo vibrato y conpaao div. in 4 fisehio (IlPHMep 7).
B Dies irae npHMCIDl:eT nrapoxyro namrrpy HcnO.1ImITCJII.CKHX
npnexoa, KOTOp!de HMeIOT npescte scero BLIpa3RTem.Ho-,llpaMaTYPI'1f'iCCKOe asa-re
nae:
bocca chiusa - 3aKpI:.IThIM prOM
ordinare - o6fdlmo
83
sussurando - menOTOM
sema 'Voce - 6e:J ronoca
mezza voce - :anOJIrOJIoca
raceortando - nOBeCTBOBaTeJIhHO
par/ato - rOBopKoM
grido-KPHK
fischio - CBUCT
..,

- npenemac RR3KHii il BLlCOKHii 3BYKH ronoca (TOtIH8SI aacora ae cPHKC:apy

eTCH)
- Hep8BHOMepaOe Bu6paTO, B JJ;aHHOM cnysac
OT 6bICTpOro TpeMOJlaH):(O - K pecxaxaaaamo 3B)'K8.
senza vibrato - 6e3 BH6paro
- - - - - - - - - - - nOBTopeHHe rpymILI3ByKOB
.
..------------: - glissando
- aepaaaoxepaoe rJIHCC3II.1\o
quasi una Ittanio' -rrcanxonapoaaaae, aepB:TMH30BamlOe npoasnomeaae CJIOB
J. HJ'.I\ I J I- -- -- --nosropeaae llaHHoll rpynm.13BJ11'08
................. - nosropeaae aaCT01ILKO CKOPO, aacKOJI&KO B03MO)KHO
I..proiectus est in terram I - -- .- - - IIoBTOpeHHe,IJ;mmOH rpymrsr CJl08
Ilonsepsaaanae onpeneneaasrx CJIOroB H 6}'KB (CM. B Ilpasrepe 1 q,parMeHThlll. 3
II qaCTH).
B IJ;. 17 II 1Ia.cTH HCnOJIb3YeTCJI KOJIOpaCrB1:iecKHA npesr nOBTOpeB:Wl cornacasrx
<ct II ID> 6e3 onpenecreaaoa BLICQThI aaysa cnoco6aMH (staccato II
legato) onnoapexeaao B pasasrxronocax B HIOaRcef
Staccato 3ToT M306p83KIeJn,m.rit opneM
ttttdddd coanaer 34J4JeICT HHC1p)'MeHTaJn,Boro
3ByqlUlHll, aanpaaep noimoro I:UIH
Legato rpoaoro staccato Y JQlXOBNX
uttdddd HHC1p)'MeHTOB
ITpaeMLI MOryr" o6'be.n;mmTbcJI, TBKBM 06p330M, B p33m.IX ronocax
MeHHO MOryr BCnom.30BRThC}1 p3.3JIH1Ull>IC RpTIIK)'JIBPOBaHIDI. aanpaaep,
II 'I.) IL 1 sema voce II 'I., Q. 2 mezza voce
SUSSUTQJJdo racconando
BmoaHce.D! Baroaace ppp
TaIOKe : II aacrs, Il. 16
S [s]sussurando
--n'----s---
A [njnormale -s;---
T [s]sussurando
-n'---s'-----
B [n]norma/e .' -s n-
h
l JlumaNtJil _ neeaoneaae KaTOJIH""lecKoA cnyJK6l>1.
OCfEPKUJF:C1OR
84
B .n;amtOM cnysae MeIDIeTCX coaopnax cspacxa npoR3HomeHIDI TeKCTa.
B KYJII.MHHau;HH Il sacra (Il. 18, T. 3) creneas ,llJ)aMaTH3Ma CO'nIHeRIDI nocraraer
csoero rrpenena: B xope aa MaKCHMa.JILaO BDICOKHX 3BYK8X HCnOm.3YJOTCX pa3JIl11IHI>le
COHOpUCmqecKHe npueMLI: CH.JIbHOe BH6paTo (molto vibrato), aepaaaossepaoe rnac
CaBJIO, staccato mm fischio a T.II. (Ilpasrep 8).

HeCM01pJl ua Bee KOJIOpHC'f"Rqecme H3bICKH oparopaa Jleaaepenxoro, rrpoasae
ncaae He socrrpaaasraercs RaK C.J1H1IIKOM cnoscaoe ,lJ)llI acnonmrrene: Ee3YCJIOBHO,
nocnc npOCJIYIlIHBaHHS[ C01IHBcEiml OCTaeTCJI oqem. CHJlb80e srresarneaae, finarona
P.R, B QaCTHOC1'H BLIpa:nITeJlbHOCTH 80BLIX 8CnO.JIB:HTeJI!,CKHX rrpaeaoa. Ho MO)I(HO
rOBOpHTL o TOM, lITO raxoro pona HOBH3Ua, KIDK)'IIlaJICX QqeHL CJIO:>KHOH rpa$necm,
nerxe WUI BOCnpH.ll'TIDl, lJeM, CKBJKeM,_ ,llo.n;eKa<poHHCUI M}'3MKa, 1pe6yroIi:I.aH cnerta
aJIbuoii: My.3:&IKa.JILBO-TeoPeTJIllecKoH II 3CTeIHQeCKo:lt nO.D;rOTOBKH (OCBOeBIDl: reMI:I
, ,
TOHB01!: CHCTeMLI).
Ha nepBDIA lIJIaH B COHOpUOH BLJ.nB:araroTCJI. .n;BHaMHK3, IDTpHXH.
arQI"HICa, Pa3JIHlJHbIC llpOlI3DOmCHIDI rescra, TO ecrs IDdeRHO TO, tITO B My
3b1Ke KJIaCCHKO-pOMaR"lH"IeeKoil TP3.AH:u;BH HaxOJlBTC$I Ha BTOPOM DJI8He. B CDDE: C
:ITHM B03Hl1KaIOT H HcnoJIEiH'I'e.m>CKHe XOpBCT8M, neanaa nOMHMO
TIIJ;are.m.uoro H3yqeBIDI mrreparypaoro -rexcra He06xo,l{HM0 OCBOHTh na
JDITpy nrrpaxoa U pasnaaasrx BCnOJIHHTeJILCIODC. npaeaoa (menoroes, roBOpKOM, 6e3
BB6paTO, KpHKOM, nO,l{'lepKBBaJl orrpeneneaasae CJIOrH B 6}'KBLI, aepasaoaepaoe
BH6paTO a .up.)'.
I1HTOHHpOmlHUe anecs, KaR: BH CTpaHHO, He npencraanaer cnOJKElOCTH.
Ilapanoxc 381011O'lJaeTCH B TOM, lITO COHOpHaJi M}'3b1Ka cm.mmec B nerse .Ll)UI mrro
IIHp0BaHWI. Peanaeasre THIILI KJIaCTepOB xopomo BOCnp:u:mIMaJOTCH E: npocnynrasa
1O'I'CH: OJ(HH KaK xpecxa (<pOH, neaam), npyrae, BaDpOTHB. BI.DlBJUIIOT .n;OCTaTO'tJBO
HCHO csoc sayrpeaae HHlepBaJIbHOe 3arrOJIHeRHe.
B nepBLIX- OCHOBa IDi<)'pHLJX nacemKe1t (aanpasrep, xnacmep
pOCCblnb, Ilpassep 2) cIIoc06CTByer HX TOHOBOH He,l\Ilq,q,epelIIlHPyeMoCTH (nasce ec
lIH HeKOTOpLJe 3ByxH 6y.ayr BCnOJIHeH&I HHTOHan;HOHHO HeT01JHO. TO B 06meii 3B}'K0
BOH Macce sroro He 6y.n;er CJI@II1Bo). Bo MHOrOM neaae naccaacea TaKOR cnoacaocra
06JIeNaerCJI TeM. lITO Ha K8JK)JJ'IO H01)' npHXOJJ;HTCH orrpeneneaaa cnor, a He pac
neB O,ZJ;HOH rnacao: HanpHMep, soprano I ; Et da-tum est... - - - - (H .n;Wn.Beii:
mee nOBTOpeHHe 3THX CJIOB).
,B npyrax - crpyxrypa MeJIO;llHKH 1<IDf\l\0ii xopoao napraa o6U.:JlC)'UlezoCJl tena
cmepa rrpencraanaer eo60H BeK}'IO <popMyrry, KOTOP3Jl m60 paaaeprsraaercs, lIH60
BH,lJ;OH3MeHJIeTCH. Taxyro 4JopMyrry BCnOJIHHTeJUIM BeTpy,ZJ;HO 33fi0MBB'1'b B nOBTOpJITL
KaKoe,-IIH60 KOJIH<IeCTBO pas: KaK, sanpaxep, II ''''CTh, ll. 5, T. 3 (Ilpassep 9).
B XOpOBOH napnm Ileanepensaa Be BCnOJII.3yer MHlCpoxpOMaTHKY, B OTJIHlIHe OT
CO.m.m.IX nepran, r.n;e xerseprs TOBa xopouro npoCJl)'1IIHBaeTC$I. B xope B OCHOBBOM
npIDdeHmOTCH xnacrepsr, B KOTOpLIX ecrecrseaaoe vibrato qenOBCllecKHX ronocoa
naer BapBaHTH)'IO B03MOJKElOCTh xeraepraroaosoro 3anOJIHeHIDI BepTHK8JIH.
l Ha OCBoeHHe J(aHHI>lX npaeeroayxomrr HetaK MHOro BpeMeHH .D;rui: HCnOJIHeHHJI CO"lHHeHKH no
J(06HOro pona 1pe6YeTCR acero necxomxo penennudt OPH ycnOBIDI xoppesraoro (H neramaoro)
o6l.ReHeHIDl acex HCnOJIHeHWl:. Maorae KOMno3HTOpbI CTaHOBlITCR J:(HplDKepaMH CBOKX eo
"IHHeHHit HMeHHQ 'iTO JIHJIll> ORH aoryr paexpsrrs 3aML1ceJI CO'lHHeHHR, ere .r:tpaMa1YPrHJO H,
KOHe'lHO, 06l.RcHHTlo Te KIIII um.Ie HCnOJlRH'J'elI!,eKHe opHeMLI. Cpe,D;H KOMl103HTOpOB-Jt.HplDtCepOB_
IT. Byrrea, K. Ifeanepenxa, :B. Jlrorocnascxan HK. UlTOKXaY3eH.
HaIl60JILmyIO HHTOBaIJ;HOHH}'lO Tpy,D;BOCn. B Dies irae npencrasnser BC1)'II1Ie
HKe xopa B O,D;BOBpeMemn.rlt KJIaCTep, aanpassep, B aasane II 'tJacTH. ,!:(mI npeonone
HIDI HeYBepeHHOCTH B HH'IOHaIJ;HOHHOM nonanaaaa H)')KHO Ha-rpeHBpOBaTL crryx
nesnos TaK, 'ITo6:&I OT mo6oro 3B)'Ka B opxecrpe (HJDf B xope), npezmrecrayromero
BC'I)'IIJIeHHIO, BaAm BepHM:A TOH (cnasana npencrasars, 3aTeM cners),
OrJIH1mTeJ1IlHOit OC06eHHOCTLlO I1apTIITYPLI Dies irae Ileanepenxoro HBJUleTCX
TO, lfI'O KOMII03HTOP He YK33LIBaer HB TeMII, HB MeTP conaaeaax, O,D;BaKO
o6m;yro )J)IHTeJILHOCn.: 22 MHHYfLI. (faKTOBLle 'tJepThI B npOH3Be
.o;eHBH OT.o;eJIJllOT OJtHY M)'3LIKaJIE,HYlO MI.ICJIL OT .upyrOH, TaKHM 06p330M TaKThI He
paBH03Ba1JBbI.) CJIe.o;OBaTeJILHO, HCIIOJIHeHlIe OpaTOpBR npermonaraer .nOCTaTOlJH)'lO
creneas cBo60,I1l:J; OHO n;emIKOM 3aBHCHT OT o:m;ymeHBi:t M)'3LIKaBTOB, OT
. .
.zmpIDKepa Hero qyBCTBa TeMU8 H nyJlbC8 3T0i:t M)'3LIKl:I. H, KOHe'lJHO, nsyx oztaaa
KOBr.:i:x acnonaeaaa aaxorna He MO)KeT 6LIT&-.BpeMeB:HLIe passxa, YK33a.BHLIe aBTO
pOM, MOryr pacmaparscx HJIH C)'XGlTbCX, Banpm.rep, 3aIIHCL OpaTOplIH 110.0; yrrpaane
XeBpLIKa tImKa nnarca .nOJILme, 'tJeM YKa3aBO aBTOpOM, - OKOJIa 26 MHHYI'.
KaK roBOpHJIOCL BLIlIIe, JIHTepaTYPm.Iii "TeKCT opraaasyer COlIHHeHHe B ne
JIOM, n03TOMY BHHMaHHe enezryer y.o;eJIHTL apraxynsnaa, Ee OCBOBH3JI oco
6eHHOCTL B Dies irae 38KJIIO'tJaeTCX B TOM, lfI'O OBa npe.nCT8BJIJIeT co60H opraaase
cxoe e.n;HHCTBO onpeneneaaoro nrrpaxa, npoaaaonreaax -rex
era H My3LIKaJILBOrO canraxcaca 6e3- 'tJeT!Coro paaaeneaas Ha 3TB -rpa COCT8BJIJIIO
II\He.
)KeJIaTeJILBO TaIOKe, qro6LI trpa HCIIOJIHemm oparopaa Ileanepenxoro Ba KOB
rreprax IrMerr:HCb nporpasoeca C II01IHLIM TeKCTOM (Ha JIaThIHH) II ncpeaozroa Ba ztpy
me Jl3bIKl:l, KaK, aanpassep, cnenaao B Ony6mncOBaHHOH naprarype sroro ccsaaeaaa
(pWM Edition, 1967).
Hexeropsre xopoasre KmuDITo4Ja Heanepeaseoro
<dICaJIMI,I ,l:{aBH].(a Ha 6H6JIeiicKHH reKCT .lUVl cxemarmoro xopa, CTp)'HHLIX K
y,l\'PHhIX HHCTpYMeRToB, 1958.
Stabat Mater Ba Tpa,TJ;HqHOImblii reKCT cpemresexoaoa CeKBCBJ:ClIH .lUVl Tpex
CMemaHHIjIX XOpOB 6e3 conpoBo)f()J;eHID!,1962.
Kamara B 'tJecn Moeii Amoaa Marep - 5IreJUIOBCKOro ynaaepcareras .lUVl CMC
maaaoro xopa " opxecrpa, 1964.
CTpacTH no Jlyxe Ba reKCTLI EBaHI"eJIHH OT JI)'KH II HOaHHa, I1CaJITbIpJl, cex
BeHI:J;lrlf II ntMHOB .lUVl COJIHCTOB, -rrena, Tpex CMemaBHbIX XOpOB, xopa MaJIL'llHKOB H
opxecrpa, 1966.
Dies irae, OpaTOpHJI II8MJITH )KCpTB OCBeHI{HMa Ba TeKCThI Scxana, I103TOB XX
sexa - Aparoaa, Banepa, Bpoaescxoro, PpKeBH1Ia, a TalOKC TICaJITLIpJl, Arroxanan
CHea, Ilepsoro I10CJIaHIDI K KopHH4>maM )J)Ul COJIHCTOB, CMemaHHOrO xopa H opxecr
pa, 1967.
Sayrpeas Ha rexcrsr npaBOCJIaBBOH rm:rypnm:, 'tJacTL I: <dIoJIo)KeHHe BO rpo6
,Il1IJI IDITH COJIHCTOB, JJ:BYX CMemaHH:&IX XOpOB II opxecrpa, 1970.
Sayrpeas, 'lacn. II: Bocxpeceaae ,Il1IJI rurm COJIHCTOB, JJ:BYX cesemaaaerx xo
POB, xopa MaJIL1IIIKOB II opxecrpa, 1971.
Kccssoroaaa. TeKcT: MOHTIDK II3 eosaaeaaa OBH,lJ;IUI, JIYKPen;IDl, Co4>OK1la,
H:HKOJI3JI Kysaaexoro, Jleoaapgo .na Bama, ,l:{)I(()p.naao EpYHO, Konepanxa, a TalOKe
panopros eOBeTCKHX H aMepmfuHCKHX KOCMOHaBTOB C KOC:r.mqecKHX op6RT )J)Ul eo
JIHeTOB, CMCJIIaHHOrO xopa H opxecrpa, 1970.
OfiEPK lIIliCTOR 86
Canticum Canticorum Salomonis (<<Deem. DeCHeID Ha 6u6neHcKlrlt reKCT ,l:(JI.q
l - r o n o c a o r o cxemaaaoro xopaH cpsecrpa, 1973.
Magnificat Ha TpaJlHIlHoHHLIii resor EBaHreJlIDI OT JI)'KH Jl.JIjI. 6aca cono, ceaa
M)')KCKRX ronocoazrsyx CMeWaBJIDIX XOpOB, xopa Ma.JIh"mKOB H opxecrpa, 1974.
Te DeWID) = qeTbIpex COJIHCTOB, xopa H opxecrpa, 1980.
<<IIOJILcKlrlt peKBBeM JUUl COJIHCTOB, xopa H opxecrpa, 1984.
emma CBKrOMy ,[{amm.ny, KIDl3lO MOCKOBCK0MY Jl.JIjI. csrenraaaoro xopa il opxe
crpa x 850-nenno MOCKBhJ, 1997.
PeKOMell)J;yeM8JI JIDTepa'IYPa

.
Ileuucoe 3. B. Y.l:tapHLIe HHCTpYMelIThJ B COBpeMeHHOM opxecrpe. - M., 1982.
H8aUlKUH A. B. Kmanlloq, Ileanepenxa. - M., 1983.
Koxopeea JI. M Myasncarrsaas K)'JIL"l1']la IloJILIllH XX sexa: KaPOJIL 1IIHMaBOB
cKHli, Bl<TOJIL.l:t ThoToCJIaBcKHli, K n r a n r r o Tleazrepeuxa. Osepxa, - M., 1997.
Mou8aHu T. r. K. IleHJlepeIU<Hil. Sayrpeas: aonpocsr KOMl103HI\HH II
Laudamus. - M., 1992.
HUKOJlbCKaR H. or 1llH:Ma.HOBCKOro ));0 .JIroroCJIaBCKOro H Ileanepenxoro. - M.,
1990.
Ca8eHKo C. H. .l\HH llOJILCKOi! K)'JIL"l1']lhJ B CCCP II CaB. M)'3hJKa. - 1979. -No 9.
81
DIES KIlIHlIITQ<M I1EHJJ;EPELUmrO
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B paay KOMII03HTOpOB naCJIeBOeHHOH I'epaanaa Kap1IXa..H:m:J; IIITOICXay:3eH
(p. 1928) 3aHHMaeT oeo6oe MeeTO no orpOMHoMY KOJIH'lleCTBy My:n,TICa.JILHLIX OTKpl>I
1
mH. Pa3HOCTOpoHHe M}'3LIK8HT aarerpapyer see 3HaHIDI, }')Ke npa
KM, a TaIOKC scerzta crpeMHTCH ysaars HDBoe. KOMn03HTOpa aerepecy
lOT OTKpl>ITIDI BO MHorID{ cdicpax - B HCKYCCTBe, acrpOHOMHH, KOMMY
HHKaI..J;Im, 3JIeKTpOHHKe. KaJlC,IJ;brH xy.n;OJKHHK crpeMHTCH C03,1lan. tITO
TO RDBDC, aaxorna He 6LtBmee, HO C03,1laHHe H pazraxarrsaoe ocymecrsneaae BQBI.IX
, npHHJJ;HUOB KOMIl03munr BLJ](eIDIeT IIITOKXay:3eHa Ha COBpeMeHHHKOB H npen
meCTBeHHHKOB: B306peTeHHe aosoro MarepHaJIa CMeIDIeTCH OTJqJblTBeM HQBI:.IX
CBOHCTB MarepHaJIa yaacnenoaaaaoros",
MHorO'lJHCJIeHHDIe OTKpLITlliI B craTIICT1fqeCKOH, mrryHTHBHOH, IIpOCTpaHCTBeH
HOH, KOCMlfqeCKOH <<M)'3LIKe. a TalOKe B opraaaaa
D,HH M}'3LII<aJ1I>HOro MarepHaJIa (OT MOIIOt}IOPJKYJJ61 IC cynep4JopMyne H Mynb/1l.u4Jop
MyJle) nOCJIe.n;OBaTeJIhHO BXO.lVlT B ceML pesomona Illroxxayseaa. B aaerosmee
npeMH Bero TBOplIeCTBe rrpoacxonar CC,u;&MaJI peaomonas' .
B 1977 rozry KaPJIXaJhm llITOKXa)'3eH npacrynaer K C031\amn<J rea11'aJlLHOrO
CBepXllHKJIa CBET, KOTOpl>rH BlC1IIOlIaeT B ceMI> onep, Ha3BaHIIl>1X no ,1l,lUIM He
.n;CJIH. K 1998 roJJY 6l>unI saaeprrreasr nrecrs orrep: t{emeepz, Cy66omc[)
<<BmopHU1O>, <J]RmHuZ/c/, Cpeoa.
Becs rrpoexr paCC'tJHT8.H Ha serseprs sexa, li HCnOJIHeHHe rerrranoran CBET ne
JIHKOM 6y.z:r;eT ,I::(JIIIT'l>CH 60JIee CyrOK. B )lHIIJIOMHOH C. A. :xm.rt5oBoii npoao
J(HTCJI napannens Me)l()Jy oco6:&IM )KanpOM rCIITaJIonm CBET Illroxxayaeaa li aarue
pOBCKHMH .MY3blKClJlbHbZMU OPQMQMU, B lIacmOCTH Crerpanorae -(<1{OJIl:,nO Hn6eJIYH
rca. BCJIe.z:r; aa Baraepox, npeBpaTHBIITHM <<M)'3l>U<:a..JI:&HhIii cneKTaKJIL B npoztorosa
-rensace CBHIIJ;emo.n;eHCTBO, ... IllToKXa)'3eH cosztaer cao TcaTp H cBOH OpHI"HHa..JI:&
m..t:H: nm Tax, B CCMH onepax CBETA OTpIDKaercH IIpOII,ecc .MUpO
meopenus li uupoocytuecmenenus... M)'3:&IKaJII.HOe .z:r;eiicrno npeaparnaercs y Illrox
xayseaa B xracreparo. OHO, no Ml>ICJm aaropa, eCTJ:, csoero pona
. 4
musica sacra .
J1H6perro reIITaJIOI'HH HanHC8.HO C3MHM KOMn03BTOpOM li rrpeztcraanzer C060H
CHHTe3 peJIBI1I03HOH K}'JIhTYP:&I lIeJIOBeqeCTBa, KOTOP:&IH nponymea
CKB03:& HlITeJIJIeKT xy.n;OJKHHKa. Tpa OCHOBB:&Ie nepCOH3JKa I(HIClIa - Maxaane; EBa H
JIron:.ucIJep - nsrxonsr aa paMKH 6H6JIeHcKOH rpazrarraa. TIo 3aM:&ICrry IllTOKXa)'3eHa,
06pa3 MUXB3JIH (apxaarena MHxaHJIa, MYCYJIhM8.HCKOrO Maxana, rpexccxoro
AnOJIJIOHa li I'epsseca, IDmrrepa H repMaHCKO-CK3HJ(HHaBCKOrO Topa
[.L{oHapa], Mmpa B npeaaeapaacxo' II BoqeJIOBelIHBIDCrOCH Xpacra)
CHMBOJIH3Hpyer HaIDCro )'HHBepC}'Ma; EBa Menacca li Ho,
Bcacpa li ,l:{eMeTpa, Hcana H nena MapIDI) OTo6p3JKaeT )l(errcKH.il: ofipas, npH3BaHHl>rli
l B 1947-1951 ronax Illrosxayaea o6)"1a.JJc.lI B KeJlbHCKoh BLIcmeh My.lLIl<aJ1I>HOh DJ;KOJle
(KOMII03HIJ;ID1 .popreIIHBHO) H B yaaaepcerere (reperanacraxa, $HJIOCO$IDI, My.lLIKOBeJl:eHHe).
1 Ca6eUKO C. H. Kapnxamt Illrosxayaen II XX sex. 3apy6e)l(RaJl My.lLIKa. BLIII.1. - M., 1995.
C.31.
3 IlOAPo6HO o TBOplleCTBe K.llITOKXa)'3eHa CM.: npOCHJlK08 M T Cnel],lHUIl>HLdt .paKYJlbTaTHB
HLut: KYPc: K. IIITOKXa)'3eH H HOBaJll.-!'fY3LlKB XX aexa: npo6neMLl reopaa H npaKTHKH COBpeMeHHoA
KOMD03H!tHH. PYKOIUICb. - 1993-94 yq. TOn.; II aepcas 1997-98 yq. ron.
4 XRbl606Q C. A. l1'0PMYJlbHaJl KOMII031fllHR Illroxxayaeaa B rerrranoraa CBET. .D:HI1J1.
MrK, 1997-C. 5-6.
OI.fEpKCE.ahMOn
92
C03,llaTI. nonoe qeJIOBeqeClBO. 60JIee cosepmeasoe H M)'3:EoIKan::&Hoe; Jhou;u!JIep
(Axpaaaa, Illana, )leMOH, npHCrryJKHHK caraasi) - paspynnrrens, neaopraaasarop
KOCMlf1Jl'CKOH aepapxaa, napynrarem, nopsnxa. TPH repos rcnranoraa onpenenmor
nOJIHo'I)' Bceneaao, B COB0KyIlHOCTH CBMBOJIH3RpyroT rapsroaaro Kocsrocal, ozma
KO II3 lIHX HMCeT 33,1latIH II ne MO:lKeT rrpereaaoears Ha rnas
H)'IO pens.
l<aJK,U;1.rli 113 repces CeMU .n;Heu aeztena HMeeTcBOH neas, OCHOBHOH nser H rpa
HIlOCTaCH Ha cnerre: BOKan::&H}'lO, HHCTp}'MeHTaJIbB)'IO II IIJIa.cTIfIlecK}'lO. Hascenpase
)leHHllJl w6JlHI\a H3 )lHIIJIOMHoii pa60ThI C. A. Xm.160BOii Pll3DXCWleT 06I1\Y1O rpaaa

naro rnaBHLIX nepcoaaacea rerrrancraa B CBH3H e .z:r;peBHeapIDicKoH naaa
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Sl3I>IK (cexnaa 9-17), a 'IpB zrpyrae, COOTBeTCTBCHBO, HCn01IIDllOTC.ft Ha R3bIKe OpHrH
BaJI'- aepare (eeKI\HH 1-7, 19-25,28-35).
XOTII IIIToKXaY3eH ae 3UaeT HBpHT, npasreaeaae eroro robIKa HMeeT ,l(IDI Hero
BWKHoe 3HaQeHHe. TaK KaK KOMII03HTOP CTpeMHTCg CBoeM TBopqeCTBC KHTerpHpO
nars pasnsre K}'JIl>TYPbI (B OT.mPIHC, CKIDKeM, OT C1paBHHCKoro. xoropsr Ha HBpH'I'e
nanacan ABPaaM H Hcaas e IIOCBRIJJ;emeM aapozry H3pB.H.TUl, nOJJ:lICpKHBaJI
reM CaMl>IM OCo6LrH HaI{B"OHa.JIbBljIH KOJlOpUT).
B npe,D;l:!CJIOBHH K <<HeBH.IJ;HM::&IM XOpaM aBTOp ,lJ,3eT TeRCT IIOJIHOCTI.1O B nepesonc
HaHeMeIJ;:ECHH .S!3bIK. ,l(arree MhInpHBO,[(KM nepeaon TeKeTa Ha PyccKIIH .s!3hIK:
l. CyOHblU oeHb (B03BCCCRHe Moaces), ..pn, eeKI\HH 1-7:
H uacmynum Moe Llapcmeue
6CeM.U MOUMU T80peHUJlMU
11npuoem KOHelI Comane
-C HUM y110ym ece cmpaoauus:
Ilomouy lImo l(apb Ha mpox
113eMJUl noxonetinemcs.
Conuue He oacm ceem
11poea nyio pt13JlOMR.mCR
11pyzoeopom 38e3o naoem 6 CMJlmeHUU
11T80Umoou 603paoYlOmCR
1180306U2Hem Te6R TocnoiJb
II. Koueu 6peM.eHU (AnOKa..lIl:!IICHC Eapyxa), BeMeI:llCllii IDbIK, cesrraa 9-17:
'B C80e 8peMR OmK]J01omcR ll)IoecHble 8ezqu.
OHU Y8uoRm Mup, xomoput: 6bUl HesuoUM (unsichtbur).
.,
Onu maxace Y6uoRm Bpe.MR, npexcoe cxpstmoe (verborgen).
97
OHU 6yaym :cUmb Ha He6ecax, ooembre KGI( 30e30bl
B npespacnue tinecmmuue
M3 CfJema Connewnux
ill. Koueuepeseenu (Anoxarrancac Bapyxa), aspar, 00= 19-25:
Cnacenue naoem xax poea
H 60Jlb, u 6300XU, 6eiJcm6UR yi10ym om Henoeevecmea
.flpaaocm nospoem BCIO 3eMJZIO.
.fl ouxue :JICU60mllbZe 6bzuoym u3 neca
H n03601IJl.m 6ecmu ceti MaJleHbKoMype6eH1CY.
IV. TUM" (3aBeTJIeB""), nBpHT, 00= 28-35:
He6eca 603paO)'1OmCJI.
H 3e.MJlJl 6036eJ1uttumCSl
.Ff o6JlGx.G 803llUK)I1Om
H omxpotomcx sparnaPaR
.fl ompunemcs PQ3RUjUU Mell om Hesoeeeecmea
li3GmeM 603/LUKYlOm
Aepaasc u Haxoe
liR motsce 603paiJ)11OCb
If ece Cesmne o6JleKJ111cJl e JlUK06QHueM.
B npenacnosaa K naprarype KOMIlO3HTOP naer HeKOTOpMe )'Ka3aRHJ1 no nOBO,IJy
3aITHCH II npOH3HOmeHIDl: rexcra: enom H aexcropsre 6yKB:E:oI Ha HBpHTe 0603HaQe
Hl>1 B t}>olierJI1IeCKO:ll TPaHCKPKIIUBK, a He KaK .o6LNHO. OHII JI:OJDl(HI,J npOH.3HOCB1.bCX
B COOTBeTCTBHH e tPo:aeTlllleeKHM a.n:tPaBJITOM (e'Ihe Prineiples of the International
Phonetic Association, London WC lE 6BT II Ilpeaana Mell<JlYllapOIlliOii ct>onem
lJecKoii Aeeonasnaa, Jlonaoa)'. QTqeTJIHB8H pa3HBIJ;a .n;OJDKHa 6brn. KaK Me)K)lJ'
6JIH3Kmm rJIaCm.JMI.I; u-u, a-a; i-i, T8lC H MelK,l:(y R-r (B nepsox e.nyqae - '3TO
npoJJ;oJDKIITem.HLlli ropraaasr conracmra R, a BO BTOpoM - paCKaTHCTLIii: JI3LIKOBOii
r). Bee rJIYXHe cornacasre JJ;O.JDKHI,J apTHKyJIHpOBaTLCJl oseas seao B rpOMKO. Cnora
H 6)'KBhI Ha HCMeI{KOM H3LlKC )];OJDKEILI BLITOBapnBaTbea, KaK B HCMCI{KOM npOH3HO
mCHHH e npeYBeJDIlleHHO TBep,l:J;LlMH corJIacHLIMH (h, / II ,lI;p.)>>2.
CMhIcrr xcm.m npa ncpeBOJJ;C. npa I:IcnOJIHemm TPYJ{HO yJIOBHTL )];aJKC
31HUOIIJ,H..M HBpl:IT. TaK K3lC B p8.3H1>lX nnaerax tPaKTypLI OJJllOBpeMCmo 3Byq3T p8.3HLIC
crpoxa TeKCTa, o6proyx csoero poaa nOilllTeKCTOBOCTh, ll'TO, KOae'qRO, CIDThHO sa
TeMIDIeT eM1lICJI rexera, BOJIee TOro, TCKCT Ha CJIom H lPOHeML1.
B85I onpenenemryio 3B)'KOB)'IO KpaCO"tJHOCTh. TIo cnOB3M C. A. tPOHCMa
,UIDl Illroxxayaeaa CTaHOBIITC:R TaKHM )Ke MCJThlJafu!mM: eTpOHTCJILBhIM. 3JIeMeHTOM,
lJT() R OmCJILm.rli M}'3!oIKaJILHhrlt 3B}'lO)3. E.wmCTBeHHI.I:H p8.3 CJIOBa npOB3nOeHTC.s
OT'!eTJmBO B 26 00= - q,pll3a Ich hatt' einen Kameraden (<<Y MeIDl 6LID ozma
TOBapHIIJ;), H 3aTeM wenOTOM ,D;B8JK,lJ;I>I Ha3BaHIDI :mItPP OT ozracro )];0 'IPHHa,ZJ;Il;,arH
(<<eins, zwei, dret....). 3TIrX CJIOB HeT B JIHrepaTYPBOM nepBOHCTOTnmKe - auOKpHtPR
lJCCIGIX PYKOITHCBX. MOJKHO npeJ(IIOJIO)KHTL, ll'TO tPpa3a Ich hatt' einen Kameraden
HMeer aenoCpejl;CTBeBHOe craomeaae K orrepaosry )];eiieTBmo H npHH3,llJIe)KHT O.n;HO-
I Ylke BCOt[HHeHHH Illroxxayaeaa 4-x OpKecTpOB il xopa (1960) 4loHeM!>1 ncrapoaa-
MCI, H npOIOHOCwmCI, B COOTBeTC1llHH C MItJA (JIOJ:J,nOH).
lili rroscseaaa K naprarype.
a
)(nbl608Q C. A. QHT. CO'!. - C. 78.
98

i i
: '
I
,
ii
,
,
MY B3 'rpex repoes rerrranoraa - JboIU!ljlepy. Ha yxaasrsaer nposeneaae TOHOB
H,ZJ.ep FL e .uamn.IMH CJIOBBMH, a 3aTeM H rrpoaaaeceaae menOTOM xacen, KOTOpoe
-raicee OTHOCHTCJl K FL (CM. IIpBMep 2).
B nponecce CO'IHHeHWl XOpOB KOMII03HTOP nOlIHOCTLIO OpHeRTIf.pOBWICX Ha po
uemuuecxyto BBPHTa
1.
Heo6xo.n;n:Mo OTMenITL, tITO IlIToKXa)'3eH
H3yqan q,OHeTHKY II KOMM)'HHKanmHLIe HCCJIe.llOBaHWI y Bepaepa Maep-Snnepa B
EOHHCKOM yaaaepcarere (1954-1956). llJ:\eJl111TOKXa}'3eHa TpaKTOBaTL .,LIK KaK TY
HJIH HBYIO q.oHeTRtlecKYID crpyxrypy yzce aamna caoe BOIIJIOmeHHe B COtIHHeHllH
Stimmung <HacTpOID 1968 rona. ):lmI eroro npoasaeneaaa KOMl103RTOP paspa
60TaJI CnellHa.JILH)'IO IIIKany rJIaCHDIX ljloHeM, CBCTeMaTH3HpOBaHHYID B TaK Ha3LIBae
MMii BOKa.m.1IIdli xersrpexyronsaax, B KOropOM ocymeCTBJUleTCH nepexozt OT CBCTJIO
rc rnacaoro ID> K TeMHoMY (O/ iI o6parno Qepe3 PM npOMeeyro1JHI:,IX
(IIpBMep l A). B KOMl103= Stimmungi 111TOKXa}'3eH snepasre npBMeHIDI xyno
)J(eCTBeHHoe neaae. OHO cne:n;HljlJIllHo reM. 'qT() ozraoapeaeaao 3B)"laT
HeCKOJIbKQ TOHOB 6rrBrO.llaps: orrpezreneaao 4JoHeMe H nOJIO)f(eImlO ropta
HH. npa KOTOpOM HH3:fCHi:i 3BYK ronoca JJ;aeT 60rree BLIcoKHii TaKHM 06P830M.
'tfI06LI OHH 3BytlB.JIH BMecre.
TeXHHKa IIeHIDl H BCII0JIL30BaHHe 3BytlaHW[ 4JoHeM BMelOT enoe
I1p0JJ;OJDKeHEle B IIOCJIe,IJ;ylOIII;HX BOKa.m.HO-XOpOBEJX cosaaeaaax IIIToKXay:!eHa. a B
qaCTHOCTII B <<HeBlI,UlIMLIX xopax - B ceKJ::(IDIX 20-25 B KaHBJIax 6acOB
(IIpBMep l E).
Kax H BCSI onepa Hemeepe, <<He:B1l,Il;HME:Je XOphD> BIdBO,WITCSI H3 cynep4JoPMYJIhI, o
KOTOPOtt rOBOpHJIOCI. BLIIIIe. O,ZJ;BaKO B JJ;aHHOM I1pOH3BeJJ;eHHH cynepdiopayna pac
KphIBa.eTC.R lIO ClIeI:(Bam.HO COl:JBHeHHIdM )];IDI Hero I1pHHllWlaM. Harrpavep, cI>0PMYlIa
MHxa3JlJl (FM) roPR30HTalILHO (MelIOJlHQeCKR) nOlIHOCTLIO npOBOJlHTC' B CXEME
cI>OP:M:hI XOpOB Ysepxacro ronoca nepsoro xaaana conpaao (S n(HaIIOMHHM, 'tfIO
Hemeepe rrocasmea XapaKTepHCTHKe MHxa3JlJl), <1JopM)'JIa EBLI (FE) npoxomrr B
aJILTax H reaopax, a <1J0pM)'JIa JhoUHljJepa (FL) - B 6acax (CM. IIpHJIo>KeHHJl N H1I1).
S--FM
A
T>FE
B
FL
B COCTail CTpYKTYPLI cynepljJopM)'JILI (IIpHJIO>KeHHe I RlIH IIpHJIo>KeHHe ll) nOMlf
MO ee xapascrepesrx, COCTaB1UJlOIII;HX BHYIPeHHIOIO OCHOBy KpJITepHeB TaKHX, KaK
I Hsrrepec II: cPoHemx.e. IIBplIIY. T8JOKe 6LU1 npacym H JIPymM II:OMn03lITOpaM, IIHIIIY
ILUIM B cepaaoa (cepaamao) TeXHHke. Hanpserep, JI. HOHO B aarepmeo C 3. PeCTaHLo roBOpHII
CJIeJJ,YlOmee: (OI aanren B Fpaaane TeKCT H3 "Ce<lJep :A:eTUHpax" (OJUIo:l::t aa Ka66a.JIHCTH"IeCKHX :KHHr), B
3TOM TeKCTe COAeplKHI'C.II <lJOHeTHkH OCHOBaIIHI:.I:I::t Ha 'IHCJlax M3 aaanaaa espe
CKOro anoaeara C ero ropTaHHLlMII, He6m.1MH, R31>t'lHI>IMH, 3}'6HbIMH, ry6H1oJMH cornacmaaa BIdTeKaCT
TeXHHXa anoxa fl BI>IJJ:Oxa, xoropaa BHOBI> BC'IpC1laeTC.II B M)'3I>IKe B ero xopax, B Sprecbge
sang, B De profundis (n. HOHO .ABro6Horpa<lJIDI. <I>pameHTl>J mrrepsrao C 3. Pccraaso. Ilepeeon H
KOMMeHTapHH JI. B. KHpHJlJlHHOH II XX BeK. 3apy6eJKlWl M)'3LIKa. BIoIII. 2. - M., 1995. - C. 67).
2 HYJlCHO craerars, 'ITO HJJ:e.ll coanaaaa oco6oro JOE.lKa M}'3LIKa.JU.HEdX npoaaeeneaa 61>lJ1a raiose
ocymecraneaa Il. .JIHrem: 3J1enpOHHaJI rrseca <<AJYrHKYJl.IIItWP) (1958), cornacao aBTOpCKHM }'Ka3BHH
lIM, npencraanaer onpenencaaer paaroaop, rne ecrs BODpOCE.l H OTBeTbl, BLICOKHC H HH3KHe
ronoca, pe-n, Ha pa3HEdX JOJ>IKax H T. n. A B 1962 roay Jlarera C03,naeT cnerraemmr 'IHCTO cP0Henl
'IecKHA SOI>OO) AIDI <<TIpJP,01lO'IeHHib> (1962) H HOBl>lX npRK1DO'IeHJdb> (1962 -1965) AIDI 'IPCX nCllD:OB
H ceMH HHC1pj'MeHTaJIHCTOB. xoropa ,nonOJIHeH pa3HOo6pa3HLIMH BCKpHKaMR, BlDraMH, CMexOM.
B,nOxaMH, BI>IJJ:OXaMH, meHOTOM, BHpry03HlJMH HaCcaJKaMH H TOMY no,no6HlJMH He1pa.rtHO;HOHHl>IMH
3ByqaHH.IIMH.
I
99
3B)'K0B:EiICOTHOCTIo, ,D;HHa:MIIKa, ,z:um:TeJIl:,HOCT.b, BXOJl)IT TaIOKe H3MeRJIeMFJ:e, npexona
IIlHe My.3LUCa..rn.m.le CBOHCTBa, 110 onpezreneaaro IIlTOKXaY3ea8, - aananenuaa
(crrysaaocra), K KOTOp:&IM OTBOCRTCX 3XO, npensxo, aerep, OICpameBH:EiIe naY3LI, KO
JIOpnpOBaHHE.IH mYM, MO)Jy.JIHIJ;HH, BMlIpOBH3aIJ;m1 ft neKOTOp:EiIe zrpyrae,
K aK:Z/UOeHZ/uu oxpameaasre na}"3I.D) (gefarbte Pause) IIpHH3,lVle:>KaT:
l) <<II\eJIKam,e mm <<IJ;OKam,e 1j>0PMyJIhl MHxa3JJJ< B T. 3 cyneppopxynsr =
CBETA, 0603HatICHHOe nepesepayro HeMeqKOH 6}'KBOH 1\,
2) npoasaeccaac menOTOM ""cen OT l no 1-3 B 1j>0pMyne JIrolllllj>epa B TT. 7,
18
3) {(,llhIXarem.m.m mopox (Atemgcrausch) - IIoBTOpeIDIe 6}'KB H cnoros e-a-e

a..., pi-u-pt-u aarrpasrep, Bl:J,ll;LIXaJI e 'IpCMOJIO (8 q,op
sryne EBbI B T. 12 cyncppopsryrrsr = CBETA), glissando (B 1j>0pMync JIrollHlj>epa, B
T. 12).
CBJr3aIlLI e BHYTPeHHeH )f(H3HDIO 3B)'Ka H e ero BapLBpOBaHIll>IM no
BTOpOM. Harrpaxep, q,oaeMhI, npHBHOCB:M:bIe B naprmo Tpy6LI ta-fa-ta FM
(MHxa3JIh - B HHCTpYMeHT3JIhHol! HIIOCTaCII TPy6aQ) B T. 12 SF, TPBHcIj>OPMHP}'IOTCH
B cnora pa-pa-pa B 26 cexrraa XOpOB, rrpOH3HOCHM:DIC melIOTOM
conpaao H reaopaaa, a B 3TO BpeMJI B XI xaaane 6aCOB rrpOBO,ZJ;HTCH FL: aaaaane TO
HLHI.lJPa co CJIOBaMH Ich hatt' einen Kameraden (<<Y Memr 6LlII o,D;HH roaapam), a
sarex - axuuoeuuun FL - rrpOH3HOCHMI.le acnyx trnCJIa OT onaoro .no 'IpHHa
):(lJ;aTH - eins, zwei, drei ...J DpHtleM BO BTOPOH paa K0MI103HTOP 0603Ha'!IaeT xax
HMemo ax aJITHKYJIHPOBaTh
J
HaIIpHMep; - vie-s-rr-e- - B reserrae 30 cexynn
(IIpHMep 2).
):(0MHHHJlYJOmee nOnOlKeH1Ie B CXEME <I>OPMbI, xoaesao, 3BHHMaeT 1j>0pMyna
MHxa3JDI, H nexoropste ee aKl1uoeHZ/UU paCDpOC'lpaIDnOTCH Ha see 1'OJ10ca no Bep1'H
KaJIH. T8KHe. KaK <<IIJ;eJIKam.e B 8 cesnaa, <<IJ;BeTHOH myM B 18 ceKUBH II serep B
27 cesnaa II T. z: (CM. CXEMY). Axuuoeuuu 1j>0PMyJIbl MHxa3JJJ< serepx ID T. 14
Hemeepea B nenyro ccsmno (27) <<HeBH)lHMLIX xo
POB. B cyrreptpopuyne nna CBETA B 3TOM x<:e TaKTe CTOlIT 0603HaqeHHe Vorecho
(enpensxo) BMecTO "Wind (serep), 31j>Ij>eKT <<BOTPa 06pB3yeTCH rryrees BLI)lLIXB
BIDI H Me.lVIeHHOrO B,IJ;l>IXaEHH Ha 0603HaQeHHOH aracore 6ro rDJIOca, DpR 3TOM ry6LI
HCnOJIHHTeJIeH naxoznrrcs B rr0J10x<:eHHH KaK DpH eBHCTe; peansaaa BLICOTa3BytIaEHH
OKTIlBOH BLmIe HaIIHC8BHOH (Ilpasrep 3).
IIlTOKXapeH B xopax npaaeaser neaae Ha 3BOHKHX -COrJIaeHLIX - (v----.J, no
BTOpI.1 enoros H 6)'KB (u-a-u-a, a-i-a-z)J nOCTeneHHLIe rrepeXO,IJ;LI OT O,n:HOH 0603Ha
qeHHOH rnaCHOH K .llPyroii Qepe3 Bee rnacasre TeM6pLI Me)K):()' IIHMH - (a II u),
KaK B ynOMlIHaeMOM B:bIDIe eO"'iHHeHHH Stimmung, rpOMKHe B.n;OXH H BI:.J,ll;OXH
J
a
TaIOKe npyrae apraxynsnaa. Hanpmsep, K0MI103HTOP qaCTO ynOTpe6JDIeT
O}J;HH npaesr, oseus OT.naneHHO HaIIOMHHaroIIJ;HHXOMOHUlO B HapO,D;HOM neaaa, xorna
rnacasie CJIOBa paeneaarorcs C npH,IJ;bIXaHHeM, O,n;HaKO y II1TOKXapeHa 3TH npansr
XaHIDI aKIJ;eH'I'HpYfOTeg: <<Da-l!a-l!a-l!ann, se-lle-lle-lle-llen, sie-lli-lli RT. n.
PaCCMO'IpHM HCnOJIHeHHe aeKOTOpLIX B xope, aanpasrep TaKHX, KaK
ntcnxaase X3LIKOM C aapsaposaaao BLICOTOH sayxa accelerando R1IH ritenuto,
<<D;BeTHOH rrrye, a T<UOKe HerrOJIl:,30B8HHe Pa3JIH1mlJX npaeaos, aarrpaxep, Ma.HepLI
neHHH 'raponsnes (;;0=) II np.
<<II\eJIKaBI,e (mm <<IJ;OKam,e) FM T. 3 cyneplj>opMyJIbl rrpoenapy
erca B nenyro ceKIUlIO <<HeBup;HMb1X XOPOB, .urum:uooeH 88 cexyan. Ilpa npoCJIYIDH
BaHHH :nOH ceKIJ;HH nepenxo 'h03ImKa!OT acCOIJ;BaIJ;HH co 3ByxoMKanarom;eH BO,IJ;LI,
aoztonana H T. n. TaxOH 3.p.peKT nocraracrca crrcrtaansasna - rpOMKBM
OlfBPKCE,lQMOR
100
meJIKa.Hl>eM H3MKa O sepxaee He60 e BapLIlpOBaBJIOH BEICOTOH II B Pa3JllI1IHEdX TeM
nax e yCKOpeBIDIMH H 3aMe,llJIeHHHMH: cexnaa 8, serape xaaana-> I S, IV A, VIil T,
XI B - div. in 2 (IIpHMep 4).
AKt!UOeHijUR KOJIOPHPOBaHm.rj;j mm naeraoa myM)} (efarbiges Rauschen),
3Byq:HT OlCTaBOH BDmIe 3an:HCH. 3TOT CBHCTY, KOTOpLm: 06pa3yeTCH
Me:>K,Dy KOWIHKOM H3LIKa II BepXHHMH 3y6aMH (Ha cornacasr s mm !J 6e3 yqaCTIUI
ronoca. tIro6EI TOtIHQ onpeneaars Bl>ICOty naaaoro 3ByKa, saaxane CaM 3ByKHy)KHO
.n;eHCTBBTe.JIDHO npOCBHCTeTb Ha peamno Bl>ICOTe, a sarea ueemnoii UlJIM HanpaBUTL
Ha yCTaHOBJIellB}'lO Bl>IC0ty. 3TOT rrpaess HCnOJIL3yercg B 18 ceKI:01llI. -B CXE:rvIE
OH 0603HaQeH JIaTIIHCKo:ii: 6YKBo:ii: S, npHtleM B 'rpex ronocax I SJ IV A +
VII T, XI B (K""aJThI IV ,A H VII T B O,llHH ronoc) O)\HOBpeMeRHO no ro
PH30IITaJIH rrposonsrca FE II FL B CBOHX <(MeJIOJ(I!tIeCKHX sapaaarax (Ilpa
Mep 5).
B ceKItIDIX 19-20 npBMeIDIeTCX aarepecasr rrpacsr, KOTOpI>Iii 06pa3yeTCH ITyTeM
(<BCTaBJIeHIDD) B ROry, saysanryrc legato, aconpeneneaao TOlJHO BLICOKHX 3BYKOB mm
Heonpe)J;eJICHHO TOlJHO HH3KHX. TIOP;06HaH MaHepa neaas H83LIBaeTCjI B THpO.JIDCKOM
neB:H:H UOOJlb. B naprarype XOpOB .n;aHHhm 3tPtPeICT o603Ha'qeH KaK tPopmnar C ax
IJ;eHTOM H8,!J; HOTBI:JM CTaROM ana non mIM, aanpmsep, CeKqlUI 20, I-ll xaaansr co
npaao H IV-V K3HaJThI ansros (IIpHMep 6).
B HeBH)lBMLIX xopax lIITO:KXaY3eH HCnOJIb3YCT 3BY'IaHHe JJ:BYX KJIapHeTOB, KO
ropsre 3anHCLIB8lOTCjI Ha VIil H IX xaaanax (BMecTO TeHOpOB) B 20-22 cexnasx,
Knapnersr BHOCHT B COl:JlIHeEme OTreHOK IOMopa: 6erJILIe naccazca cexcronaaa no
TOHaM FE H FL 06P83)'IOT npaxornaaste aarepsansasre nOCJIe.n;OBaTe.JIDHOCTII (CM.
naprHTYPY)
rexnasecxoa npo6JIeMOH B HCnOJIHCHHH jlBJUIIOTCjI nOJIHTeMIIOBl>Ie R no
JmMerplfqecKHC 3Im30.n;:&I, aanpassep, ceKD;IDI25:
ICQHaJllJl menn DlJ3JtfeD
I S
}bI80 (.HO)
2
8
II S
.1=80
2
4
IV A
.1=120
3
4
XI B
.1=60
11
4
XII B
.1=55
12
4
XIII B
.1=50
11
4
XIV B
.1=45
10
4
ji
',i
"
ECJm rescra xparane (J=120, J=90 HJIH J=60), ro ORH HC npencraansror oco6oli
CJIO)KHOCTH )l)llI HCnOJIHeHIDl, HO xorna TeMIILI 6Jm3KH, KaK, CKaJKeM, y 6acOB B yxa
I
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3aHHOM rrpasaepe, TO OTJIHlIHTh HX. KOHC1JHO, rpynnee. ,l:Lrr.H 3TOrO neBIJ;aM H ,ll;IipIDKe
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I Yaacrae HeCKOJIL,KHX ,ll.HpIDRepOB B nponecce HCnOJIHeHKll B carry paaaonapesserpoaocm eo-re
HeHHit acrpeaaerca Y lllTOKXaY3eHa YJKe B cO'UlHeHH.llX (<f'P}'IIIILD> (1955-57) H Kappei (1959-60).
2 BaJkHO oraerars, 1fOO Illroxxayaea ClpeMRTC.Il K HOBaqIUIM H B 06J1acTH 38IIHCH. Hanpasrep, B
naprarype COl:fHHeHIDI Welt-Parlament cBceMRpHLrll: Ilapnaaesrr .lUUI xopa a cappella (1994
1995) KOMno3m'Op OTTeRKH IJ;BeroBLIM cnexrpoa: OT apxo-xpacaoro JJJ
aepea OpaHJKeBOe mj, 3eJ1eHOe p K ppp. COOTBeTCTBeHHO BLIr.llJJ,1J;HT aapacraaae H
y6aBJIeHHe 3ByqHOCTH: (CBHJ!Ol:fKID) HMelOT I1JIilBHLIe QBeTOBLIe nepeXO,D;LI. Welt-Parlament JiBIDleTC.Il
nepsoa cu.eHoA H3CBETA. & conepaaaae: aaaaaaerca nem. Bceaapaoro IIapnaMeH'I3.. Ilpe
3HJteHT orxpsiaaer Cpeny H3 CBETA. OH ycrpeaaaer ne6aThl B MHpOBOM Jlaprresserrre: .JlIo60BL
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102
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Te 3IIR30,l(E.I, rne My.3EdK8.JI&HLIX co6brI'Hii 6o.m.me, l{eM MO:>KBO peansao ycxsnnars.
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paJOM, <<HeBI2I,lJ;HMLIe xopa npencraanaror CJ!O)f{HOCTh Be TOJl1:,KO ztnx perreTHIW-OH
Boro H HCIIOJIHHTeJILCKOrO nponecca, HO 1I]J.JlJI BOCDpIDITIDI.
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HeHIDI B xope rrpeztcraansror IIO.lIlIo6pa30BaHIDI: nOJIHTeMIlOBOC'I'b. nOJIBMeIl"HJl H
nOJIHTeKCTOBOcin, o KOTOpLlX, rOBOpIDIOC:O BLIID:e. KpOMe roro, otreHb

pO.JIL B cosaaeaaa HI'p8.eT napasrerp npocrpaacrsa, - AJUI HCIIOIIHeHHX ft
aocnpoasseneaas XOpOB Beo6xo,ZJ;HM:M CneIUI8JILHMe axyerasecxae YC1pOHCTBa H
orrpeneneaaas armaparypa (8-KaHam,HLI!i Mm<IIIepm.IH nynsr) H)Ip.
YITaK, oco6eHHOCTIl <<l-IeBB,ll;HMl.IX KOpOB COeTO'lT B pa.mncam.HOM llpHMeHemrn
HOBLIX Cpe,u.CTB KaK B TCXlIBXe KOMIlO3HIJ;HH (asrsencaae cosaaeaaa as cyneppop
MYJn.l, cxeaa XOpOB), TaK II B 3B.IIHCll rraPTHTYP&I (no KalI8JIaM, 060
3BRt:IelIHC):(HHaMHKB II T n.), R TaIOKe B HClI0JIL30BaHIDl6oraTeuDIHX peeypeoa xopa
u HC06xo,D;HMOCTH B HOWOTOBJleHBOM D aKTBBHOM CJlYmBTene. H XOT.H HCIIOJI
BeHHe nO,llo6HI.IX. couaueaaa .u:OBOID>BO penxa lIO MIIOrHM nplI'DlHaM, B OCHODHOM
MRTepHaJThHO-TeXHlrqecKHM II 0PI'8HH3au;KOHHlilM (TaK KaK He06xo,1lHM0 ysacrae aa
ropa B rrO}1J"OTOBKC K acnonaenmo), 3HaKOMCTBO C IIpoll3Be,nCHIDIMH lllToKXRY3eHa
npencraanser 60JILmoi:i lIHTepCC, nOTOM}' 'lfI'() ero My.3IdKR - sro Oco6aJI ctPepa HH
-rerpapoaaaaa Pa3JIHtJ:HbIX. KaK MY3blKSJlbHbIX .5IBJIemm, TaK H P83JIHqff@X npOIlCC
COB, 1'pa,lJ;BUHOHHO CtIHTalOIIJ;HMHCH BIteM)'3blKaJlbBldMII. Herepecaa TOlIKa apeaas
caxoro KOMn03HTOPR lIO 3TOMY nosorry: OKp)')KaIOm.a5I opena C03):(aeT XY,llO:ll<eCT
BeHHLle <pOpMLT He TO.JIDKO Jl.}DI rJIa3. RD Il WliI ynre, ... eCJID t:IeIIOBeK CJThIIIIlIT BCe
60JILIDC TaKOR M)'3&1KH, B xoropoa arrrerpnpoaaasr DpIIp0,ltHbIe 3ByqaHIDl
J
3ByqaHIDI
TcXHHtIeCKOrO OKp)')KCBIDI, rorna OB nenaercs K nO,llo6Hl>IM asysa
HIDnd B peansnoa JfCH3HH. OKp}')KaIOJJJ;Idt aK)'CTHlf.ec.lCIlH MHP aaaaaecr OMy.3bIKa..Jm
BaThCR Il ilJopMHpOBan. My.3bIKaJIbHble I<Rt:IecTBa3.
HeKOTOpLIe xopoarae conaneaaa KapJIXaiiBllB IDTOKX8Y3eUB
Xopsr nns }:lOpHC, 1950.
Kappe (Carre) nns a-x OpXecTpOB n XOpOB, 1960.
(<MOMCHTDD> .nrra conpaao, XOpOBhlX rpynn II l3-TH HHCTpYMeHT3JIKCTOB,
1964 (1969).
Mm<pOilJoHWI ll JVIX 12-rn neBUOB, 4-x MOJlY1UITOpOB, MarmrroepoHHoH JIeHThI
H Hammond-opraaa, 1965.
):{LIXaRHC neer )KH3Hb.. (XOPOBaJI onepa C OpKecTPOM mm MarHHTO!lJOHHOH
nearoa), 1974-1977.
XOp HCIIOJll,3Yercx BO scex onepax CBETA, B 'l:IaCTHOCTH:
Ilpoiuanue Jhouutpepa H3 Cy66omb1)llll1 M)OKCKoro xopa, opraaa H 7-MH TpoM60
HOB (live, HJIH B 3amICU). 1982.
I .,
IlImoJCCCI)I3eH K. J-b ltii'repBl>K>. - C. Sl.
2 TaM )Ke.
] TaM xe. - C.54.
I
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I
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BceMupnblU napnaueum (Welt-Parlament) ]J)IJI xopa a cappella H3 Cpeou 1994
,
1995.
Ilpasonecmeo Poocoeuux rom xopa a cappella II M8I'IDITO!pona 1:13
1987.
Ilpueemcmeue BmOpnUKQ .zvrg conpaao, 9-rn 'IJ'y6, 9-rn Tp0M60BOB. 2-x l:ICIIOJI
HHTeJIeH Ba CBHTe3aTOpe
J
xopa B lJ$YX Jl.BIUDKepoB.
Ilpotuanue BmOpHUKQ romCHHTe3aTOpa, xopa H 3JIeKTpOHHOH MY:JbIlrn:
J
1991.
PeKOMeImYeMaB JlBTeps'IJ'Pa

IIpOCHJlKOB M T. 06 QCHOBHhIX npenrrocsmxax HOBIdX MeTO,IJ;OB KOMII03m:r;Hl11 B
coapesreaao M)'3I.II<e /I Laudarnus. - M., 1992.
IlPOCWlK08 M T. Cnerraamrrsr q,axyJlI>TllTHBHLIii KYPC: K. IIIToKXa)'3eH a HOB""
My3bIKa XX sexa: npo6JIeMI:J TeOpBlI B np8KTHKH COBpeMeHHOH KOMII03HqIIH. Pyxo
UHCb, yq. ron; II BepCIlll- 1997-1998 yq. ron,
Ca8eHKo C. H. ,[(DIIIIan. B03.z:orx0M RBLIX IIJIaHeT. [Ham co6ece,IJ;HHK - Kapnxann
IIITOKXa)'3eH] II CoBeTCK"" M)'3""'". -1990. - N, 10.
Caeenxo C. H. Kapnxajian IIIToKXa)'3eH II XX BeK. 3apy6elKll"" My:lI.II<a.
BbIII. l. -M., 1995.
lllmoxxayseu K MYJlI>mq,0PMYJlI>II"" My:lbIKa IIIcp. C. H. CaucHKO. /I XX BeK.
My:lI.II<a. BbIII. l. - M., 1995.
C"TYaI\1lll pexecaa (KpHTepHH nyarrranacrasecxo M)'3b1KH) II TaM lKC.
3rreKTpOHHaJI B HHCIpYMeHTaJlbHaJI M)'3MKa 1/ TaM )Ke.
" OTKpbITHe (ftOKna,1{ Oreaesace q,OpMbI) II TaM lKe.
lli HHTepBblO II TaM lKe.
XJzbz608Q C. A. <1loPMYJl1>HaJl KOMII03H!lIDI IIITOKXay:3eaa B rcrrranoraa CBET.
)J;JmJI. - MrK, 1997.
XORono8 10. H K eJlIlHoMY nomo 3BYKa: <<J>(, 2 Kapnxamra IIIToKXa)'3cHai/
Myssrxamaoe HCKYCCTBO :xx BCKa. TBOpqeCKHH rrponecc. Xy.ItO>KeCTBemu:.Ie aane
HRlI. Teoperasecsae KOBIJ;eIlllB1l: Haysa. TPY,lJ;E)l MOCKOBCKOA KOHcepBaTopHH.
C5. 9. - M., 1995.
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Ilpaxon BCCHbD cosnaasr IlO 3aKa3Y:
Ocens Ha cJIOBa B. XJIe6HHKoBa (1968) '- = xoposoro aHcaM6JIJ1 H3 Bpara
CJIaBbl;
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Caere THXHJl (1988) - llJIJI Fycraaa 3pHCcaKca (nna xoposoro rrpaamraxa B
Tanrraaae);
Jlcreansr nO,l\3eMHLIX DO}l <Ugendes des eaux souterraines; 1989) Ha CTIiXH
11. Bepscepe C"= rpynrrst COnHCTOB ,IVocal de France;
yrpeaaa COlD) (<<Morgenttaum>>, 1993) aa C'I1IXH P. Aycrrenncp - AHJI Xapsryra
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Ha pyCCKoM X3b!Ke nanacaasr cnezryronrae XOpOB:EiIe onycsr: cMCmaHHI:>Ie X6pLI a
cappella OceHL, CBeTe mxn:H, a TaIOKe oparopas Hcropas )KH3HH H CMepTH
r ocnona aamero HHcyca XpHCTBI. OCTaJl6HLle npoaaseneaas C03ixaHLI Ha' HHO
CTpaHHbIX H3bIKax: Ha lPPaHItY3CKOM - XOpbI B onepax Ilena .llHeih) no
E. BHaHy (1981) n Hererpe.lICB)'IIIKH no II. IlHxacco (1986),,<1IereHIlLI nO.ll3OMHLIX
BOM) Ha ClIOBa M. Bepxepc (1989); Ha HeMe:U:KOM - xarrrara Y1pCHHHit COR Ha ClIO",:
Ba P. Aycaeanep (1993); na JIBTh\HH - Kyrie )lJIJI xopa II opxeerpa naMsrrn Monap
Ta (1991), Ha Jl3L1Kax (q,PaIlU}'3CKOM, aHfnHliCKOM, neMe!1KOM H JIaTLIHH)
PeKBHcM (1980). Ilpeotinaaaaac COqJJHeHHH Ha HHOCTpaHHb1X S13L1Kax Jleaacoa 06"b
SlCWUI 't(HCTO npa.KTMeCKHMH ueIDlMH. )j(eJlaHHeM YC.JIlJl;IIaTL HanHCaHHyIO My3bIKy,
l acnapasrrov xoacepearopaa, lleHHcos cnenen }IeCKOJlLKO o6pa60T0K Ha
ponasrx neeea .a,JIlI xopa k onepe (cHBaH-coJl,l:r.al') ua CIO:lKeT pyccxoa CK83KH M3 C60pHHxa
A. A4Ia}laCbeSa Haponsere CK83}CM) (1956-1959). Y soxncnrrope ecrs -rasose oparopaa CH6HpCkWl:
3eMJlR HaTeKCT A. Taapnoacxoro (1961), xcropas crvesena narpacnoaecaoa an.eel\.
'.
O'lliPK BOCbMOn
114
CTHXOTBOpHLlX p83MepOB, COXpaHAA gpK}'ID 06P83HOCTb H lJ.YX. aHTWlHOCTII. B COCTaB
HCn01IHHTerreii M}'3bIKH K Menee ,Z:{eHHCOBa nOMHMO xopa BXO,WIT 4JJIeiha, 2 TPy6LI,
2 'l'0M6oHa H ynapasre (naraspsr, BH6pal\JoH).
13 XOpOB Menea HMelOT p83JIHlIHbIe 4J}'HKIlHH: ORH npencrasnoor eassy Tpare
)Ul1O, KOMMeHTHpyroT .lleHCTBHe, Y"faCTBYJOT B aea. BC1)'IIHTeJIDHhIH H
HLrH XOpLI nepeJJ;8IOT eonepscaaae nseesr EBpHIIH,IJ;a. B aasanssoa xope (Ilponore)
p83BlIBalOTeg OqeHL 6LICTpO - OT Menea H .Hoona M3 KoJIXH,LJ;bI .IlO
noceneaaa HX B KopHH4Je, rne y HHX poacaaercs )\Boe csrsose. Ha1DiHaeTCJI era
qaCTL norpyaceaaeee B Mpallll)'lO arxocdiepy: HUKma HUKozoa He 3Haem, omxyaa
npuxooum zape. Hac OKpy:HCaem uope, a Ha eopusosme zape sauemueii, !IeM ZOJlOC 6
J T
xope.... eKCT rrocnejraea 'lacnI, - 3TO O'lem. AIDI ,lijJeBHerpeqeCXOH
TpareWIH cnosa o. sone 6oroa, XOTOpLIe sepmar JDO.llCKHe Cy)J;&6LI: HUKmO
He 3H.aem, IImo tioeu zom06Rm CMepmHbl.M. GHU "cnoco6Hbl Ha 8Ce.... Kpa.HHHe qaent:
HMelOT CXO:lKHe HHCTpyMeHTa.JILHLle BC1)'II.neHIDl, KOTopLIe -reafipo
BYJO H Merro.zurqecKyID apxy OT aasana Tpare,lJ;HH K ee KORny: B I xacra 3ByqHT KaBOR
TpOM60HOB OT fis, a B nocnenae - OT a; KpOMe TOro, 3TR 'sacra HMelOT O,lUlHaKOBLIe
aeaarrsasre CTpOKH: <<RUKmo HUKozDa He snaem...; eM., rranpaxep, aasano Ilponora
(Ilpzaep l).
Hexoropsre H3 XOpOB Menea HBJIJnOTC.sI aarepmonassra MeJK,D;y Cn;eHaM.H Tpare
,lJ;HH, KOMMeRmpy.sl npOHCXO)lJIIIl;He C06LITIIJI, aanpaaep, :ITO nepssr, aropo, xer
Bep'Iblii H IDI'I'LIii XopLI. ):U>yme XOpLI aenocpencrseaao npHHHM<UOT ysacrae B .n;efi
CTBHH KaK rperaa, meCTOH-)J;BeHa):UJ;aTLtii XOpLI. B cepeaaae Ce):(LMoro xopa ansr
cono, a 3aTeM eorrpano rroaecrsyer OT JIHIJ;a rnasao repoaaa: ((A Ji He npowy o clIa
cmbU. J(aii MHe HaD 6Jlacmu. Hem xytsce, lIeM paiicmeo cmpacmu....
B .n;3HHLIX xopax ,Z:{eHHcoB nonaepr Tll{aTeJILHOH PHTMl{qcclC)'lO
eTPYKTYPY M)'3LIKH, 0'l'BllCBlOmyIO npocomno CTHXa. KOMll03HTOPOM TOHKO nposya
CTBOBaHLI CJIOB, IIX .n;OJII'OTa H KpaTHOCTb. IIpHeM nepe
KJIH1!KH !lJP83 xopa H ynapos JIHTaBp nepenaer apxaJI1IHhlii ,IJYX npeeaerpexecxo
Tparemm, KaK, nanpasrep, B aasane TpeTLero xopa (Ilpassep 2).
KOHlpanyH:K'I1'NeCKOe .;nHCLMO Ilponora HMeeT caoe npO.llOJDKeHHe H pa3BHTHe B
meCTOM, Ce):(LMOM, .n;eBJITOM H 3aKJnOtIHTeJILHOM xopax. ynOTpe6HMLIMH
.sIBJllIIOTC.sI HMHTaUHOHHLIe H KaBOHKt:leCKHe nOCTpoeHIDl, (TI. 27-31 necsroro xopa,
TI. 5-15 Ce):lbMoro xopa).
BOCbMOH xop nocrpoea Ha qepe.n;OBamrH O.llHOpO}lHLlX rpynn xopa - meHeKOH H
M)')KCKOH, no pRTMWlecKOH opraaaaanaa .n;aJIHblii xop HMeeT CXo.n;CTBO C TpeTLHM,
,l(IDJ xoroporo xapaxrepsa HecHMMeTpHqHaJI MeTpHKa. Hasansasre HHTOHaIJ;HH uree
TOro xopa CBJi3bIBaIDT ero C .n;ec5ITLIM li )J;BeHa,u;u:aTLlM XOpaMH, rzre MOTHB
<<K01ILI6eJILHOH)) (TpHOJILHOC )J;BHmeHHe BOCLMLIMlI no 3B)'KaM MaJKOpHOrO Tpe3BY
l:JllH) nO.rryqHT eaoe pa3BHTHe
2
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,[(BeHa,u;u:a'Iblii xop nozi Ha3BaHHeM <d(OJlLI6eJILnWD) OC'I'3BmleT secsxa JKYI'Koe
BIIeqaTJIeHHe, - 3TO KOJILI6eJILHaJI .n;eT5IM, KOTOpLIX yfiana Menes, OCJ!enrreHH3JI H3
MeHo:&t M)')Ka (y EBpHD:HJJ:a npOBO.llHTC.sI napannens c Hao, no rpex, MH!lJOJlOI1lH cecr
po CeMCJILI, MaTepH ,!{HORHCa, KOTOpaJI comrra CyMa no sone I'epsr. QHa 6pOCHJlacL
CCLlliOM B aope, mYM KOTOpOro nozrpaacaer KO.m.I6e.m.HOH...).
I 3)leCb H nanee reKCT no: EPOiJCKUu H. A. CO'iHHeHHJI B aerupex TOMax. TOM IV.
HmaTeJlbCTBO <<IlywlhHCKHA PoHJJ;, 1998. - C. 306-318. .
:1 nO)l06HaR HHTQHalU{ll ecrs B ,l:(eHHcoBa-beree moi (6WOKaH Mewm) BTI. 37-38 H
nanee I sacra.
115
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XOpLI Menea - IIpeKpaCm.IH BOnJIOmeHIDI rearpansec I1LeCLI B XOPO
B}'lQ MY3LIKY; 3TO CBOerO pona XOpOBOH rearp, nOCKOm.KY XOpLI MOryr HCnOJIIDrIl:,CH
CaMOCTOKTelILHO KaI< KOHUepTHOe CO'llHHeHHe. ,[(eTaJII:.HWI npOpa60TaHHOCTL TeKCTO
M)'3LIKaJILHO:H: npOCO)l;IDI, COOTBeTCTBHe HHTOHaIlHH CJIOB BL1pa3HTeJILHOCTH MeJIO)l;H
KM, CneIJ,H!pHt:IeCKOe TeM6pOBOe penrenae - )l;)'XOBLIe, ynapasre H xop, HeCHMMeTpKlI
Hasi MeTpHKa, COt:IeTaHHe KOHTpanyHKTH'lJ:eCKoro H axxopnoaoro IIHCLMa, - ace 3TH
xy)];OJKCCTBeHHl>Ie Cpe)];CTBa H C03)];aIOT aTMOC!pepy .ZJ;peBHetpe'lJ:eCKO:H -rpareztaa.
OceUL U3 CTHXH B. Xne6oHKoB3;
'<<JIereIl.lJ;LI nO)];3eMHblX BO)]; U3 CTHXB H. Bepseepe,
Cpezra Tpa,lJ;HIUiOHHLIX. XOpOBLIX' )l{8HpOB - KaRTaTLI, OpaTOpHH, onepasrx XOpOB,
XOpOB a B KOTOpLIX IIHCaJI ,[(eHHCOB, - BLI,llemreTCH OC06LIii ssaap BOK8JlL
UblX 3UC3M6J1eii, KOTOpLIe MOryr HCnOJIIDITCH XOpOBLIM KOJIJICICTHBOM. 3TH npoaa
Be)];eHIDI, Ha nam B3rIDl,l:{, MO)f(HO 0603Ha'lJ:HTL Kale CO'qHHeHHH )];JlH K3MepHoro XOp3.
I1x HCnOJIHCHHe oco6oro KOJIJIeKTHBa, COCTO.lDIlero H3 neBUOB, aazteneaasrx
XOpOIllHMH BOKam.m.IMH, CrryXOBLIMH )];a.HHLIMH H, 6e3ycrrOBHO, TeOpeTIl'lJ:eCKO:H IlO)];
roTOBKOH.
TIepBLIM U3 XOpOBLIX COt:IHHCHH:H ,[(eHHCOB, no ero co6CTBeHHOMY npnsaamoo,
Cq}lT3.JI Ocem. Ha CTIIXH BeJWMHpa Xrre6HHKoBa (1968), XOTH 3TO rrpoaaaeneaae
aarracano ):(IDI. TpHH8,lJ;I(am COm.HLIX roJIOCOB. M,n:eR HCnOJIHeHIDI Ocena XOpOM
6Lma IlO)];CKa3aHa ,[(eIDIcoBy xopaecreposr E. r. TeBJIKHLlM, HCnOJIHHBIIIHM rrepssr
H rpera nosrepa QHKJIa XOpOBLIM KOnneKTHBOM
1
TIo)];o61fLl:i::t: BapHaHT oljem. noapa
BlIJICH KOMII03HTOPY, no ero CJIOBaM, sro 6LIJIO nOpa3HTeJILHO t:IHCTO li a6coJIIOTHo
BMeCTe2.
B aasane pa60TLI Ha)l Oceasio, IIHC3l3meHCR ):(IDI. aHcaM6mr H3 EpamCJIaBLI, B
1968 rozty rrpOH30IIIJIH erpaimrsre Co6LTI1UI B 'tJeXOCJIOBaKHH. 11 ,[(eHUCOB cncnaans
HO CTapaJICH TaKHM 06pa30M, 'tIT06LI B HHX 6LIJIa CKpLITIUl: nOJIH
ravecxae nononnexae", 3TO 6Lma pe3KIJ;IDI KOMII03HTOpa Ha TO, 'tITO B Flpary BOIII.JIH
COBeTCKHe TaBKH. B 'tJexOCJIOBaKHlI OceHL TaK u He 6LIJIa HCnOJIHeHa, H aHCaM6m.,
Kale H MHome rrpyrae KOJIJIeKTHBLI, nepecran cymeCTBOBaTL.
B Oceaa, HaHHCaHnOH B CepHihIOH TeXHHKe, )')Ke IlpHCyrcTB}'lQT 'lJ:e.PTLI, xapax
TepHLIe )l;.IDI spenoro CTIIJllI ,[(eIDIcoBa. B )];aHHOM COqngeHHH KOMIl03HTOP
CH C ccpae )];OBOm.HO IlOBTOpReT TOBLI u nemre rpyrmsr,
nepecrannser H nporrycxaer aaysa; ceparrsre pH,ll;DI 6}'KBa.m.no BpaeTaIOD) O,lJ)fH B
.ZJ;pyrOH. OTOH.roJ OT cepHHHOH OpTO)];OKCHH, ,[(eHHCOB THrOTeeT K CBo6o.ZJ;HOH 12
TOHOBOCTH. B KOTOpOH O}J;HHM H3 CTpYKTYPHLIX rrpmnranoa XB.JUIeTCH MHICpOCepHHHasI
CepHH, IlO CJIOBaM aBTOPa, acero JIi.nm, nO}JJIOpKa, a HHTOHaI(HOHHLIH Ma
TepHaJI, B ee OCHOBe, scerna )];OJDICeH 6LITL eCTeCTBeHHLIM, 'lJ:T06LI Ht:IeHKH
(cerMeHTLI) cepaa MOrJIH <OKHTL-H pa3BHBaTLCR caMOCTOKTem.HO, KaI< BeTBU enanoro
nepesas <I.
PacCMOTpHM cepmo OceHH (TIpHMep 3). Ona HMeeT 'lJ:eTKHe BH}'TpeHHHe )];eJIe
HID!, KOTOpLIe cnermeasr Me)K,l{y co6oH, - 3TO nepaas HHTOH611H.ll 3.1 (B nonyroaax),
nepasr KBapTaKKOp.ZJ; 5.5,)lBe 6om.nme ceeyansr - 2.2, MHHopHoe rpesaysae -7.4 u
I Ocea TaJOKe HCnOnHJUlaCh HOBhIM MOCKOBCKHM XOpOM non ynpaanenaee E. Pacraopoao, H
JIaHHOe acrronueuae 6LIJIO BhlCOKO otreneno KOMD03HTOpOM.
,
llJyJlbZUH1(. If. npH3HaHHe 3. ):{efJHCOBa. no ssarepaanaa - M., 1998. - C. 186.
3l(eHucoB 3. B. HaCTOlIlU,llJI My3LIKa nyxoaaa. - C. 41.
4HeH3BeCTHblj:f ):{eUHCOB. _ C. 46.
OlfEPKBOChMO!l
116
BTOpOR KB8pTaKK0P.n: - 5.5. (XOTH B nenosc AJUI .o;O.o;eKa41oHHH HC xapaxrepao HC
IIO.JIl:,30BElHHC TpC3Byq:nA H OKTaB, )leHHcOB rrpHMCIDIer HX KaK KpaCK)', H eCJIH, no
ero CJIOBa.M, Tpe.3ByqHH necyr a He xpacsy, TO OHH repsror CBOIO
asrpaaarensuocrs H CMl>lCJI. OlCTIlBl>I H }'HHCOH, KaI< Bbrpa:3BTeJlDHOe cpencrao, MOryr
HMeTh pa3HbIC 4lYJIKUHH, aanpmsep, cxpsrrsie oxraesr H.JIlI py6JIHPOBKH B OKTaBy HC
nonssyrorcs JUUl Toro, qro6bI nozrsepxayn, TOO' HJD:t.: HUOH 3B}'K B axxopne H.JIH co
3B)"IHH. a yHHCOH RJIH OlCTIlBHLrH }'HHCOH 3aOCTJlHeT BHHMaHHe KaK KOHTpaCT no 01'
aomemuo K reMHTOHHKe.) Cepas QCCIllI QtICHb nnacrasaa, H )leHHcoB neaaer M3
aee KaI< KpaCHBytO rOpH30HTa.JTh, TaK H BCpTHKaJIb, HO B aeHODRoM B CO'lHHeHHH npe

JIHHCapHOe IIHCbMO
TpH qaC'I'H :U:BKIIa aarracaas; .wm pa3HbIX COCT3BOB xopa: I qacn, - AJUI
ronocaoro )KeaCKOro, II l:JaC'TL - JUUl 6-rOJIOCHoro M}'X<CKOro H ill xacrs - JUUl 13
roaoeaoro CMemalUlOro. no aecer B ce6e onpeneneaaoe TeM6pOBOe pemCHHC: OT
oxem, CBeTJIOH H caMOH HenpOJl,OJDKHTe1ILHOH no speueaa KpacKH I l:JaCTII xepea
C01:JHY1O, rycryio nB..JIHTPY II 'mCTIl, K 3aKJII01JHTeJIbHOH ill l:JaCTH, H30
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npaao, Jl,OXO,rOD.I::{HX Jl,0 e rpersea OKT3.BbI, Jl,0 rJIY60Koro, BO nerxoro cis 60JIbIIIOit
OKTaBbl Y
B OceHH Ilenacoa snepssre DpHMeHID1 Texamcy, B KOTOpOH CJIOBO paC'lJJIeIDl:eT
CH Ha ener-a u 3BYKH H nepeztaercx pa3HbIM ronocax. Ii eC1IH B nepasrx .,ll;Byx. l:JaeTXX
npoaenesae cnos HaxO.n;BTCJl 6JIH3KO MeJK,I()' p0Jl,CTBeHHbIMH rcnocasra,
TO B ill l:JaCTH reKCT MOJKCT nepenaaarsesor aJI},TOB K 6acaM KJIH OT conpaao K TeHO
paM H T. n., CJlOBa MOryr nepexpemaaarscs B npOCTpaHCTBe, nepexonars O,I:(HO
CKB03L ,llpyroe
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TeXHHKa DpHMCmmaCb JI. HOHO Bero XOpOBblX COl:JRHeH.WIX 50 - 60-x KOTO
psre )J;eHHcoB aHa..JIH3upOB8JI. OJl.HaKO B omomeHHH B Ocena HeT
aaxero 06II(ero C npOH3BeJl,eHIDIMH HTa.JIbHHCKOrO KOMII03HTOPa, B03MO)f(Hhl JIK1III:,
aexoropsre anmosaa C ero XOpOBLIM cranees, KOTOpLIii aCCHMKJIHpOB8JI Jl,o,qeKa4loH
H)'lO TeXHHKY C CTapHHHOH HTaJII:,XHCKOH My3bIKH (K. Monresepzra,
K. H A. Cxapnarrn). Oceas, no CnOBaM KOMII03BTOpa, - 'lJHCTO PYC
cKKii neIDaJK', a oceHHIDI 'I'CMaTIIKa 6bma eMY Ol:Jem. 6JIH3Ka
2
I xacrt, UHKJIa KBJllICTCJl npospasao 3apHCOBKOH, B KOTOpoi1: OCHOBHO:H HlOaHC
pianissimo, a caMLrn <<rpOMKHH ,IlHHaMlfIlecKHii OTIeHOK - mj B 3TOH xacra )J;eHH
COB HCnOJIb3yeT rrpeaaymecraeaao BeprHKaJIbHhIH DpHHIUUI OpraHH33UHH cepaa,
nplf'IeM BepTHKaJIb naerca H O,ll;HOBpeMeIiHO, H B aacnoeaaa (no Jl,HarOHaJIH). Ha
DpHMep, B nepBblX. ,lJ;Byx. 'raxrax - co-6op o-cellHll:ii - nepBbIe rum CJlOroB
rexcra COOTBeTCTBYIOT IDITH 3B}'KaM cepaa Pgis, KOTOpDle BacnaHB3.IOTCJl ,llpYT Ha
,llpYTa, a nocnezrysonree cnOBO o-cea-aaa 3BY'PIT O.n;BOBpeMeHHO no BepTHKa.JIH y
xersrpex conpaao, npaaees 6-9 TOBbI cepaa nOBTopJllOTCH ,lJ;BIDK,ZJ.bI KaK 3KKOp,ll;. Tpa
4luqecICH TI. 1-2 I l:JaCTH BbIrJUI)J)ITTaK:
l WYJlbmH /1.. H. U.HT. CO'l. - C. 186-187.
2 OCeHHJUl reera '18CTO B -raopsecrse ,l{eHHCOBa. Hanpaaep: Oceae H3 XOpOBOro
UHK1la ITpw:.OA BeCHLI>l HaCTHXH A. 4lera, PlJe necaa HacrHXH H. EyHHHa, ((OCeHJUllI neona HaCTH
XH lli. Bonnepa, Meprasre nHCTLll lJJIJl K1laBeCHHa,
117 XOPOBOE TBOP'IEcraO 3):lHcoHA
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BpeMeHHOM 3BYQaHHH. a TalOKe a XOpOBOH 4JaKTYPe BLJ.ll.eIDllOTCH onpczrcrremtere l1JIa
crn, xoropsie 6yJlYT acrpesarscs B cneJlYlOIJUiX qSCTHX. 3aK8HtIHBaeTCH I qaCTh (KaI<
H nOCJIeJlYlOlIlHe) O,JJ;HHM H3 mo6HMbIX npHeMoB KOMII03HTOPa. - arpo xpacox>
qepeJJ;oB8HHeM C03BytmH: rryrs XOJI-C'ra - 3 cnora, HMelOIIlHe TpH rapxoaaaeexae
KpaCKH: rryrs - TpeJByqne A-dur, <<XOJI-)) - KBapTaKKopJJ; g-e-/, -CTa - TepIllffiap
raxxopzr H c ceKyH1loli H cexero (TIpHMep 4).
II lJaCTH lUfKJIa. no CJIOBaM KOMn03HTopa. npacym rearpansasr 3JIeMeHT.
:lTO pcansasra 3B)'KOBOH MlIp. Ha 31'0 }'K83bIB8lOT 0603HaqeHIDI tnquteto (6ec
nOKOHHO), espressivo, a raicse JJ;HBaMHKa, JJ;OXOAJlII];3JI JJ..O ff. TIoMHMO }')Ke scrpesaa
IIIHXCX npaauanos OpraHH33IlHH cepaaaoro MaTepHana B I Q8CTH, JJ..1DI II-ii: xapaxre
pes rrpaesrsr pacxoacaeaaa H3 yaacoaa B KJl8CTeP HJlli C03Byq:He H CXOJKJJ;eHHe B YHH
COH H3 KaKOH-JlH60 BepTHKaJIH, HaIIpHMep, 3aKJII()'tiHTCJILHOe meno mosso, Hacnoe
HHe OTJJ;e.JILH&IX ronocos I QaCTH B HaCJIOeHHe nJIaCTOB II qaCTH, Ha
npaxep TI. 8-10, rne H8 l!JP83Y div. in 3 pesmu COHHbre myflu oceHU cuneii
aannsraaer CJIeJlYlOIIJ;85I crpoxa TeHOpOB div. in 3 no He6y .RCHOMy MellemCJl uneis,
Ha KOTOp}'lO H8KJIa,n;I.maeTCJI !J.JP838 nuiu 30/l0mbre... BHOBL y
Bo n sacra anepssre nO.5IBJUIeTCX JlBIDKylIl:EIii:cx xnacrep, B KOTOpOM rOJIOca C pas
JIHqHLIMH MeJIO,llHlJeCKRMH l!JHI)'PammMH ncryrraror noosepenao, 06pa:3YJi rycryio
3ByqHOCn. TaKBM 06pa30M, no C03JJ;aeTCR 34J4JeKT <QKHBOH BH6pHp}'lOm;eii l!JaKTYPhI
6e3 lieTKOro p83JJ;eJIeHIDI Ba cocraansrourae, TCM CaM10IM <(JaTeMHWI reKCT (TI. 13
14). B .zwn,HcfuneM 31'01' rrpaesr 6Y.ZJ;eT HCII0JIL30BaThCJi ):(CHIICOBLIM oseas nmpo
KO, - B PeKBHeMe, (<J!ereH)I.3X, <d1CTOpUH H .IlP. conaaeaaax. EJJ;HHCTBCllHJi.tH p83 B
COtIliHeHHH B T. 18 npeJJ;CTaBJIeH OKTaBm.rlf. yaacoa, KOTOpLIii HeCeT B ce6e KOJIOpli
CTifqecKYID 4J}'HI<IUIIO: rrocne YCJIOJfCHCHHLIX nocrpoeaa norml!J0JlHllCCKoro, 38TCM
aKKOpJJ;OBoro cxnana 3ByqHT npocraa !J.Jp83a B OXTIlBIWii y:HHCOH: Bb1 6bUlU Ha
MU)) - es'-b-f-h-h (y TeHOpOB) Hes-B-F-H-H (y 6acoB).
lli sacrs nepexnaxaercx C I-ii no' 3MOI\HOHaJI1>HOH oxpacxe - ronoca KaI< 6bl na
psr B T)'MaHHOM oceaaex sosnyxe, - TaK oxapaxrepaaoean 3T)' QaCTb CaM KOMn03H
TOp. ):(eiiCTBHTeJIbHO, JJ;.WI 3aKmOtnrreJILHO:H: QaCTH I\HKJIa xapasrepao npoapaaacc
saysaaae - JJ;HH3MHK8 HC npessnnaer m/, a ce m6KOCTL (npaxrasccxa RH 0)lH8 nora
He 3ByqHT BLmep)f(8HHO B OnaOM HI08HCe, nOCTO.HHHO npOUCXOJJ;HT yCHJIeHHe HJIH OC
JIa6JIeHHe ssysaocra) HaIIOMl!HaeT KaHTaTLI B tI8CTHOCTH, Das Augen
licht op. 26, rne CTpeM1ICBHe K KOHl{eHIpHpOB8HHOCTH HH4JOPMaIl,HH npHBOJlHT K
TOMY, 'lIO KaJI()::J;blii 3ByK HMeeT orpoxaoe BLIpa3HTCnLHOe 3HaqCHHe H n03TOMY 00
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118
conpano 3ByqHT OCHOBHWJ IIJpa33 H )KapOM CaMoii .a:pxoii rpeasr y nepaoro TeHopa.
MeJIO,l:(HK3 B aron 'sacra TaJQKe OT,l:(aJIeHHO HanOMHH3er Be6epH3, - uiapoxae CK31!KH
II onopa Ha HHTepBa.JThI 11 H 1 (B norryroaax), a TalQKC }l;eT8JIbHaJI npOpa60TaHHOCTb
KIDK,lJ;OH CTpOKH TeKeTa, KIDfC)];OH ilJpa3bI H Ka)f(Jl;OrO CJIOB3. TIpH1JeM ,1l;eHHcoB B rpex
'tI3CTJlX U;HKJI3 naer pa3JUflHLIe B3PHaHThl M}'3bIKaJIDHOro BOITJIOm;eHHR rexcra: nepe
,l:(atI3 CJ10B M3 ronoca B ronoc, M3 HJIaCT3 B TIJI3CT, HaCJIOeHlIe CJIOB. MX nepennereaae,
nepexpemaaanae, <<33reMHeHHe -rexcra, a TaIOKe CXO)l(,llCHIDl cnos B O,l:(HOBpeMeH
BLIe C03ByqIDI.
B UHKJIe Jlereaasr nO):(3eMHbIX BO/.V) rom naeaazmara Ha CTHXH I1B3
Beparepe (1989) npHHI(IfiILI KOMn03H:U;HlI OCCHH HMeJOT csoe HenocpeJJ.CTBeHHOe
npO,lJ;OJDICeHHc. B <<1IereH,U3X )];eHHcoB mapoxo HCIIO.1II>3ye-r ,ll,BeHa.un;amTOHOBOCTb,
HO 6e3 :>KeCTKHX 3aKOHOMepHocreH cepaao TeXHHKH.
K H3)J;aHlliO sroro COqHHeHIDl B Le Chant du Monde (1989) HMeeTCJI aBTOpCKOe
npe,[(HCJIOBHe. KOMno3HTOp IIHIIIeT, sro nOT IJ;HKJI HaIIHeaH B norryroaax C noCTO
.SIHHLIM H He3Ha'llHTeJ1MlbIM HX nepeKp3IIIHBaHHeM: 3,[(eCb HeT aaxero H306pa.3H
re.m.Horo .nIDI lIHCTO BHeDIHHX 3!lJ!lJelCTOB. lliMeHeHHJl spacox nocraraiorcs nyreu
HaKJIa,u:bmanIDI HOJIH!lJOBH'lecKHX H HrpOH C03Byq::KHMH
nJIOTHOCTIi (OT 12-TOHOBbIX. aKKOpP;OB H KJI3CTepOB ,[(0 o61>Jl1HbIX rpeanyxa), Pa.3
JIHlJHbIe aapaaarsr Pe-esazcopa, BCTpetIaJ()IIUieCJI B pasasre MOMeHTLI,
(KaK H B JlPyrHX MOHX pa60TaX) C nomrmeM CBeTa xax peamnoro (corraesnoro), Tax
H xpacxn Lux aeterna
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OTJIH'lJHbrH OT TOro, KOTOp:Llli MId acrpeaaesr B OceHU Ha CJIOBa Xrre6HHKOBa.
3,[(eCb - JIe.u;HHKH, ropu, nsrcoxoe XOJIOll:Hoe comme H MOp03, H npa 3TOM OCHOBHOH
ypoaeae ,lI,HHaMHKH - pp.
B Jlerearrax )J;eHlIeoB HCn01Ib3yeT CJIOBa cnoero craporo npyra, rryremecrsea
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2
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lJHTL Ha CJIYX KOJIH1leCTBO fOJIOCOB H mc pHCYHKH. Bropce npenncceeaae TeKCTa
oepounue ZOpbl yxooem mQJOlCe u pacmeopsuomcs B meunome) - CTpOHTClI Ha
arpe C03ByqHH (roace O,l:(HOM H3 xapaxrepasrx KOMn03HTOpCKHX npHeMOB): y 6acoB
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es 0.3.2- cis 0.4.1 - d 1.4- C0.2.0 (TIpHMep 5). 1>pa.3a pacmeopmomcn 6 mesmome, !,!O
BTOPJleTCJI B npyro <Pa.KTYPe B TL 14-17 - arc npexpacnsrn TO'tlHOH KaHO
HH'IeCKOH BLUlep)I(aHHoit B .IJYXC CTapHHHOH M}'3:EdKH. Saysaaae nepaog
I Ilepeeon. no: Les Editions du Chant du Monde. E. Denisov Legendes des eaux souterroines,
(1989), reference VO 4039. -:Po. 2.
2 CM. BocnoMHHaHIDI fua Bepscepe o AeHucoBe B KR.: CBET. AOEPO. BEtIHOCTh. naMJlTH
3ltHCOHa AeHHCOBa. CTaTbH, BOCnOM"'"aHIDI, Marepaanu. - M., 1999. - C. 181-183.
119 XOPQBOE TBOPlIECTBO 3.1U1cOHA ,l\EHHCOBA
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paC1IJIeWleTCX no CJIoraM H ncpcnaercs pa3HhIM rOJIOcaM, 'reM CaMLIM nO}:J;!epKHBaJI
rpaqnlJl::OH IIapTHT)'pI>I CJIOBO <OIHHIDm, 'IIoBTOpxeMoc 6 pas: cnasana - npocro
<mUHUR) 3aTCM - RUHUR cmpenu, KpaCHQJl IzuHUR 06e3YMe6UleZO
,lUIKa :nOH qaCTI:I <<KORUClrI1HIPOBaHHyIO HOHO M C
onopo Ha 60JIbmyIO CCIITHMY.
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zt.rt H Jlarree plI3BHBaIOTCH Kal( enennenae reMHrpynri-1.2, .2.1, aanpsesep,
Tr. 13-15 VI "aCTH (TIpHMep 6).
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nerelUU>I,nO,lJ,3eMHbIX BOJi - HatIHHaeTCX 12-TOHoB&IM aKKOp.nOM OT E H 3aK3lRHBa
erca TaIOKe 12-TOHOBEJM aKKOp.nOM OT D. xoropsr, neCMOTpX Ha rrpaeyrcraae acex
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KOM peracrpe 6acoB.
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Ba. 3aTeMHeHHe CJIOB HCnOJIb3yeTeX pezrxo, 06pa30M, no6bl conepscaaae HM
B xoees cnyxae He YCKOJIL3arro OT cnymarens. Ilepen HBM HJIH noene cnOBO 3Byqlrr
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anepasre HenOJIHHJI <<.TIereHJJ.bI nO,ll3eMHbIX BOJ]; B POCCHH, - no CO'U{HeHHe HeB03
MO:>KHO nerr, UJlOXO, ero H)')KHO JIH60 HCnOJIlUlTh xopomo, JIH60 He rporars.
Harepecao OTMeTHTI lfI'O B Han eoxaaeaaees xopsaecrep BLIJl.emrna PM
epaaaeaatt 3JIeMeHTOB XOpOBOH. tPaKTYPLI e 3JIeMeHTaMH >KHBOrmCH: ueemosoe nam
, .
WyllbZUH /1.. If. IJ;HT. COli. - C. 187_
120
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Jlerearrex BIDKHO B:DICTpOfITb KIDK,IJ;bIii ronoc, 'tfro6I:.I KIDK,ll;bIH ne
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8:12), TeKCTOB aaynosoaao JIHTYPrHH (Confutatis), a T8!Of{e Ha JIaTblHH aaysar 'IpH
IPparMeHTa KaHOHHqeCKoro pexsaexa: Requiem aeternam, Lux aeterna, Salva me li
Alleluia.

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HaJI xepra noaravecxoro CTIlJIJI Taanepa - coeznnreaae .sI3bIKOB npa npenensaoes
KOHUCH'IpHpOBaRHH (C)I(aTHH) MarepHana. TIO,ll06HaJI C)I(aTOCTh TeKCTa nacr 66m.lIIHC
B03MO)KHOCTH Kero 03ByqHBaHHID. KPHTHK JI. JIecJIe B peueaaaa Ha npescscpy PeK
BHeMa B raM6yprc B 1980 rozy BI.ICKa3I.maer HHTepeCH)'IO MI.ICJIL o TOM, 'ITO (lIeM
Mem.llle CTHXOTBOpeHHe CaMO noer H :3ByqHT. TeM 6om.me lDaHCOB Ha ero My:3I.I
Kam.HOC BOruIOIIJ;eHRe3.
,n,ellliCOBCKOH KOHIlenU:HH PeKBHCMa :3aI<.JllCJlJaeTC5l B TOM, no, CJIe
.nyll CTHXOTBOpeHBJJM Taanepa, KOMIIO:3HTOP paCCMa'IpHBaeT 'leJIOBerIecKYJO )l(H3HI.
KaK uerrs BapHawrn. ):(eHHCOB ,n,aer Ha3BaHHe KIDK.D:OH 'laCTH no oCHoBHOH tPpa3e CIH
L Taauep B 1921 ro.QY B Bene. Ilonysan 06p830BaHJ4:e ao H AMepHKe. B ua
croautee BpeMR: ')KKBeT B K n033HH Tamtepa .D;eHHcoB anepaae 06paTJUICR: B 1978 ro
JIY. xorna nanucaa BOi(asIbRblA UHKII <dIHCTb'l, a B 1986 roJIY6blJIa CO'lHHeHa necaa Ilccsenaaae
M3 PYCCKHX i(OMn03KTOpoB x Tauuepa A. IlIHHTi(e. C. ry6aAJIYJlHHa.
1 M.ne.ll. PeKBHeMB B03JlHJU1B y J{eHJ4:COBa ewe B 70-e roAhI. xorna OH aaeana ,qyMan. o CMeweHHH
Pa3JlH'lHb!X nareperypaax HCTO'lHHKOl:l. llo.n06HWI MbICJlb 6bl]1a Hy 6. A. D;HMMepMaHa, KOTOpblH Mil
csoero PeKBHeMa raaeraae BhIPe'3i(H. MO>KHO TBJOKe npOBeCTH napannene MeUJ;Y HeMeJ.U(HM pe
KBHeMOM M. Bpaaca, HaITHCaHHOM Ha i(OMn03HTOpOM 01'pbIBKH 10 EH6mrn: Ha HeMeWCOM
aasrxe, H Boeuaua peKBHeMOM E. EpHTTeHa, coeeraxnneer CTHXH Y. Oy3Ha H naryprevecxae 'rex
eru. \',
) Lesle L. Menschsein in dieser Welt (Edison Denisovs Requiem von Hamburg NDR urauf
gefilhrt). HHOCTpaHHa.ll. i(OMHCCH.lI ccx. Ilepeaon,
O'lEPKBOCbMOII
122
XQTBOpeHHS!: l. I1PHJ1eT ynf:,16KH, 2. OCHOBHaJI 3. HerrpephmHl:.ll1 raaeu,
4. Aaroaensvecxas aapaanas, 5. KpeCT.
Bssecre e TeM KOMno3HTop CM&ICn KIDKJlOH: qaCTH: I xacrs - src poene,
HHe , II - JJ;eTCT80, III - IV - ceMLH, V- csreprs. $HH3n, CaMWl 60JIbIlIaH no
passrepasr xacrs PeJCBHCMa, HBIDIeTCH K}'JlbMHHaII,Heit acero COtIHHeHIDI, a nepnsre se
-rsrpe lJaCTH - BcryIIJleHHeM K IIOCneJlHeii:
1.
Kpanae qaCTH (I-H H V-.Ii)
HMelOT HeCKOJThKO MOMeHTOB, scropsre n03BOIDlIOT BblCTpOHTh
apxa: TeM6pOByro, -reanoeyro H conepzsarerrsuyio. Ilocneznrss, KOHe"iHO,
BaJKHa: I nac-rs - 3TO TeMa AJIH aapaarraa - cy,ru.6a senoaexa OT ero poacneaaa ,Ua
CMepTH (no Taanepy, serrosex - BetIHh:rH: 3aKJIIOtIeHHhIH >1G13HH H essepra); V "iaCTb

<lJHHan, aror scea :>KH3HH - caepre. KpaHHHe lJaCTH CXQ)KH no resmy - Lento, B Ha
sane KIDK,I:J;OH li3 HHX .3ByqHT cono r060H )l,'aMYP. Kpa..iiHHe xaera MHorOCOCTIlBHbI, B
HHX n033IDl Taanepa 'EIepe.DYeTCH C mrryprHlJeCKHMH TeKeTaMH.
Cpeziaae xacra cBOA: I..J.BKJI, B KOTOpOM Il 'sacra - nerxoe B03)l;yIIIHoe
CKepI..J.O. III 'EIaCTb - )l,paMaT)'prH'EIeCKHH aerrnecx, IV aacrs HMeeT enoKoA:Hb:rH
,nOMaIDHHih) xapaKTep
.!WaMaT)'prlflleCKHH nnaa COtIHHeHHJI cxeecaraaao MOJKHO BbIpa3HTh cne,Dy1OInHM
06pa3oM': .
"'laCT"
(OBpHBUlltl)
TeM&)1
Bap.l Hal.(aIIhHillI
Bap.2
OCIlOBH3JI
BBp.3
nenpepsraeaa
Bap.4
BBTOlrlllTWl.ecKWI
Bap.5
Ht:KIlIO'IHTe1ILHWI
COCTUO

xop, TeHOp.
onKCCTTl
conpaao, Te-
HOp, opxecrp
xcp, opxecrp
Xop. opKeCIp
xop, ccnpaac,
TeHOp. op
"'en>
HUOSHtle .. ltC1'll 0606UlCtlHwR
oo $puc
"'
U1llCJ1a CMWCJl "Bcn:R
Tatluc a no lIeIlHCOB}'
Anflug des Lchelnss POlKD,eHHe
Ilnaner Vn&I6KIDl
Fundamental Jlercrao
variation
(OCHOBHlllI. DaOHaL1.Wm
Danse permaaene 1II:060Bb
Henpepfo1BH&IH TaHeWI
Automatic variation .
..-
CeMl>lI:
I DHaWUllJ
La croix Oaepn,
Kpecn
KplITXoe CQ,lI.CplIKBlltlC .. aeren
PO:lKJ.telUl.e xencaesa, ,lI,b1XaHKC. kptlK,
CBer. cV,AL6a
onnO:)HI.l.Kll:
,lI,Byx na-ran .D MHpe H
wnKCKOro
Be'l.HLle 'l.enOBeKa M""'JlY
M"""'''''
,lI,B}'MlI kpaJlHOCTRMH )l(K3HH: CHJlhHOR
BCenornoUlaJOUleR crpacnso H
CIpeMJleHKeM YAnt OT nee II norpy
3K1'CR B ceGlt
OrpaJKeHHC B nersx OGpa:JOB HX po
.IlHTe1JeR
Ihor lKH3HH- cMepn.
<IBc'l.H&IR nOKoR ,lI,apyJt HM, Iccnona,
BC'IHJ,lJt eser na BOCCHJICT 101ll.
38KJIIO"illTem.HaJI xaers, CaMaJI pa3BepHYTaH no concparanarc K cl>opMe, CO'tJ.eTaeTB
ce6e HCCKonbKO KOH'rpacTHbIX 3IIH30.uOB, KaJK.l{I>IH co CBOHM pa3BHTHeM, 06pa3H1>IM H
TeMaTH'tJ.eCKHM MarepH3nOM. HO ace 3UH30)l,bI nponaasraaer 661I{aH H)l,eH C'IpeMneHIDI
x CBeTY. Pa3BHTHe 3TOH H)l,eH npOHCXO,IJ;HT B 3TaIIOB, HpHBOMIIJ;HX B 1<0
HCl.JHOM KTOre x 3a.KJI!O'tffiTeJlbHOM)' rrpocserneaaso:
I no CXOAHOM)' npHHI..umy CTpOHTCR H onepa Ilesa nae: l axr - rrperuonaa, 2 aKT - aaaano
.neACTBHll H 3 aKT, caMblA Mact\J:ra6m.IA, - I<YJlbMHHau.HH acero rrpcaaaeneaas.
1 o 4>opMe vacre PeKBHeMa AeHHCOBa CM.: Xononoe 10. H.. iienoea B. C. 3.nHCOH
,l:(eHHCOB. - M., 1993. - C. 192-197.
123
XOP080E TBOPlIECfBO ,llEHHC08A
V'laCTI. CO,ll,ePiKIlHHe
BCTVflJlCHHC opxecrp, cona ro60R .a.'aMYD
1. Ha'lam.HI.IR xoo OOaMIJmu'IecH:aR K11l1bMUHauWl. TT. 45-47
2. APHR -reaopa,
xoc
K Focnone (neanoM 27)
Salva me
H50 Bce3aBHCHT OT Focnone... (ncanoM 33) /lupU'feCR:aR K)'/lbMUHIJ'I1lR
38BcnWCHHC crHXOB Tamtepa Ear xonowo xopcinc 60r?)
3. APHJl. conpaao,
xon
4. Pe':lIfTaTHB 'reao a
5. }(opoBoRpCKBHCM
Sarex, KTO HlI{eT caer... 3aynmcoRHlUI Mecca)
Reouiem aeternam
Ccnnnatts so dJDIlH!C. seDCHH 6. PeKBHcM TeMODa
7. 3aKIUO'lHTeJJbHLlA XOD Lux aeterna
PeKBHeM ):(eHHCOBa - npexpacnsr' npessep THI1H'iHOrO .D.JUl CTHJDI ):(eHHCOB3 80-x
ronoa CHHTe:la KOMII03HTOpCKHX TeXHHK. Ilo CJIOBaM JI. JIeCHe, (<)lJUI KIDK,AOrO alP
Bb1pIDKeHHoro CJIOBOM, .D.JUl KIDK,AOH CHTY81tBH ):(eHHCOB BhIpa6aThIB3eT cao
CTHJlL l. rapMOHHqeCKHii Jl3LIK PeKBHeMa BK1UOQaeT B cepHHHLIe H TOHa..JILHble
KOMIIJIeKCLI, P83BOo6pa3HLIe COHOpHhIC KpaCKB
1
xoropsre, no y6e)l(,lJ,eHHlO KOMII03H
aecyr TaK)'lO ace HBlPOpMaTHBHyK> lPYHKIUDO, KaJ<: H MeJIO,lJ;IDl. B PeKBHeMe ):(e
HHCOB npononaaer p83BHBaTb IIpHeMLI XOpOBOro D.HCLMa, HaMetIeHHLIe eme B
OceHH. B ,113llHOM CO'tJHHeHHH IIpllMeHmOTCX Bee BH.lU>I xoposort lPa.KTYPLI: MOHO
,llHtIeCKaJI, roMOlPOHHaJI H IIOJmlPOHHQecKaJI, H TOT mm HHoA CIIoco6 D.HCLMa o6y
CJIOBJIeH CIIeUHlPHKOH 1IHTepa'IYPHoro reKeTa. PaCCMOTpHM BI:f..UbI XOpOBOH lPaKTYpLI
B OT,lleJILHOC11{.
I. MOHO,lJ;H'lJ.eCKaJl taK1Ypa:
I. Teaa-aonenr, B ee pll3BHTHe (I sacrs, TT. 33-35, CODpaHO)
(TIpHMep 7 A)
2. TeMa-MoTHD, KOPOTKaJI noaeaxa (IV xacrs, 'IT. 3-4)
(TIpHMep 7 li)
3. Oxrasmr YHBCOH (eJlHHCTBeHHI.Iii pas B coxaaeaaa V xaers, T. 133)
(TIpHMep 7 B)
4. U>!TaTaH3 PeKBBeMa Mouapra CV xacrs, TT. 142-144 B Jlanee)
(TIpHMep 7 f)
D. DOJIBcjJoBUqeCKaH cjJaKTYPa
1. HMHTaIUfH p83BOro pona (MeJIO,l:J;H'qeCKHe, plfIMKCIecKHe, rosaere H aeroxasre),
HaH60JIee nImt:tIHLIit BH)]; - COHopHLIe HMnT3IlHH, npRMeHmOIII;KeCH KaJ<: cnoco6
)lBH:iceHW1 M)'3bllCa..JILHOH TlCaHH. Harrpaaep, B 'IT. 14-15 I QaCTH IIpOXO,llHT COHOpHbrH
KaROH B npHMY: MeJIo.z:r;aqecm1t KOMnneKc QCPe3 xerseprs npOBO,UHTCX B rpex roJIO
cax TeHopOBOH naprxa. TIO,l106HOe HaCJIoeHHe rOJIOCOB - (<XpOMaTH'llCCKOe 3allOJIHe
Hae BepTHKaJIH - H C03JlaeT 0lJlYIIl;eHHe KJJaCTepa (IIpBMCp 8).
2. .!lBeHllI\IIarnrOJIOcm,ll aenorosossr KaHOH - V sacrs, TT. 183-191 (TIpHMep 9).
3. ct>yraTo HaTeM)' B3PeKBBeMa Monapra - V qaCTL, TT. 142-148, 150-156, 158-162.
<
'.
Lesle L. Ibid. I
124
OlfEPK BOC!JMoll
III. rOMo<jloHHaH <jlaKTYpa
1 . .AKKOPAI>I -rpex OCHOBH:EJX BH,Il;OB:
repnossre aKK0P.lUiI
.>:
nerepnoasre
.--------
IIOJIHaKKOp,ll;bl
BKKOpllbl aKKOpllblp OllHOHHI'epOanbHble paarroarrrcpaansasse
e am..repnpoeaausean KpaCKS axK0PJtLl (coCI1lBHLle)
CT)'neHJIMH, Tpe30Y'HtJl (Hanpmtep,
1I060"lH1.IM8 TOHaMH G, D, e KOBpTOBble)
0PraHH38.UJUI rapMOHH'tleCKOrO M8.TePUaJI8. CO'tlHHeHH.lI npoaexonar rryress xepe
.uOBaHIDI pa3HbIX nmOB -aKKOp,lJ;0B, BX COnOCTaBJIeHilll. cnenneaaa H T. II. .rvm CQ3.ua
HIDI xpaacro 3MOQHOHarrbHoro HarrpIDKeHH.lI pe3KOeTL Jl:UCeOHUpOBaHHH aKKOp.uOB
yaenasaaaeres: B KIDK)lOM axxopzrc npaeyrersysor He MeHee nsyx OCTpO
PYIDUUlX HHTepBaJIOB - eeIITHM8., MaJIIDI HOHa H '!'pHTOHI. Hanpaxep npa
Ma.TH'tleeKaH KyJILMHHaD;UH clJuuana - exceptional variation (<<ueKJIK>tIHTenbHaH Ba
paanae), TI. 45-47 (Ilpaerep 10). H, aanpo'raa, B xone V qaeTH npocserneaasra xa
paKTep -rexcra Lux aeterna onpezrenan aKKoP,lJ;HK)' C KOHeOH8lITHOH oeHOBOH (TI. 197
206)'.
2. B rOMo!J?oHHo-rapMOHaqeeKOM exnane PeKBHeMa pa3.JIHqHI,Ie MeJIO
naseexyic H rapesoaauecxyso - eroryr BbIDOJIHHTb He TOJILKO pasaste rOJIOca, HO H
p83JIHtIHble IlJIaCTbI .llIDKe TeM6pOBbIe rpynnsr, aaapaesep, XOp H opxeerp, Tax, B
TI. 69-76 I xaera XOp BbIDOJIH.lleT MeJIO,lJ)ftIeeK)'lO !J?YInCIJ;HlO, a opxeerp - rapssoaaae
CK)'lO. H, Ha !J?OHe BbI,Uep:>KaHHbIX aKK0P.llOB xopa npoaexonar eserroztaae
cxoe .llBHJKeHHe B opxecrpe (TI. 172-177 V xacra, aexoropsre !J?parMeHTbI III 'sacra).
B eaMOH XOpOBOH TKaHH aasrexena xapaxrcpaax TeH,Z:leHIJ;mr MHorux XOpOBhlX eOlIH
HeHuii XX aexa rrOJIH!J?OHH3upOBaTb rapssonaro, TO eers npanars KIDKJl,OMY rOJIOcy
rapMOHHH eBOIO BbIpa3Rrem.H}'IO JIHHmO.
Oco6eHHOCTh XOpOBOH !J?aKTYPbI PeKBReMa 3aKJnO'tlaeTCR B TOM, lITO KOMII03HTOP
6}'KBa.m.HO B O,D;HOM TIlKTe HCrrOJIb3yeT pasasre THIIbI XOpOBOH !J?aKTYPbI. Hanpaxep,
T. 25 I 'tlaeTU: aKIC0P.llOBh:rH CKJIa,n; - Y am.TOB div. in 3 H 6aeoB div. in 3, IIOJIH!J?oHU'tle
cxaa - y TeHopOB div. in-3 eJIOBO zrsrxaaae), a B opxecrpc Y rpex !J?JIeitr H
rpex KJIapHeTOB 3ByqHT !J?aKTypllhIii 3JIeMeHT- eOHop-<<,DJIHOBeHHe Ha neaana rrep
Boro H sroporo TaM-TaMa (Ilpasrep 11).
PeKBHeM )J;eHHcoBa npencraanaer IJ;eJIIilli KOMIIJIeKC rrp06JIeM .D,JUI xopoeoro ue
IIOJIHHTeJIbCTBa.
BO-IIepBhIX. - 3TO HeCHMMeTlU'ltIHhIH pHTM H pa3J1W1Hh(e CJIO:>KHbIe BH,UbI oprana
3aIJ;Hll pHTMH'tleCKoro aarepaana: KBUHTOJIH. ceIIToJIH. TpHOJIH, xoropsre MOryr ne
peHOeHTCH xepes TaKTOByIO xepry, 6hITb 3aJIHI'OBaHHbIMH, nayaapoaars Ha MeJIKHX
,lJ;JIHTeJThHOCTHX u T. n. (B opxeerpe H conapyrcntax ronocax IIpHMeHSIIOTeX eJIeJlyIO
U1He pHTMHQeCKHe q,0PMYJThI: 7:8, 5:6, 10:12, 6:4, 11:1O, 13:16 H T. n.)
BO-BTOPbIX, ocofiyio eJIO:>KHOCTb npeneraanser npoasaomeuae rexcra. Hs-sa
C110)KllOeTH HHTOHHpOBaHH.lI H OCBoeHIDI pHTMa, .llHKl.{HOHHLIe np06JIeMbI MOryr yHTH
Ha BTOPOit IlJIaH, HO 3TO, 6e3yCJIOBHO, 06e,lJ;HHT HeIIOJIHeHHe H He IIOJIHOCTbIO pacxpo-
Sncct, Ba)KHO craenm, npHHI..Um COHaKTHOCTH (-rePMHH lO. H. Xononoae), TO ecn, rpanauaa
asxopnoaoro HanpS)KeHHJl, XOH- H .nHCCOHaHTHOCTH axxopnoe, H TOHHICaJJbHOCTH - rpanauaa Jla.IlOTO
HaJlbHOrO HanpS)KeHWI (6mooCTII aKKOpM K TOHHxe HJJH, yJJ:aJJeHIDI OT aee), H OT CTeneHH
SCHOCTH OCHOBHoro TOHa TOlQ'.I<:H. 06 3TOM CM.: XOJlOnOB 10. H 3a.naHWI rte rapaoaua. - M., 1983.
C. 136-142.
2 CM. 06 3TOM: XOJlOn06 10. H, Iienoea B. C. QHr. ces. - M., 1993. - C. 192-197.
I
XOPOBOE TBOP'lECTBO 3J1HCOHA )lEHKCOBA

eT 3aJIO)KeHHLIe 06paJ&I H atPtPeKTLI. KOHeYffiO, B xope .IJ.OJDKHa ocyuiecrs
mITLCH B KOMIIJIeKCe - H PRTM. H HHTOHaI..J;HH. H TeKCT, fl ,llHHaMHKa. Ho rnasaoe BbI
pasarensaoe cpencrao xopa - 3TO aeysamec CJlOBO. H n03TOMY npOH3HoweHHlO
TeKCTa yztensrs BHHMaIme. PeKBHeM HanHCaH Ha xeru
pex H3bIKax. HO MM He peKOMeH,n;yeM apeaaepno 8bI.l1BJUlTh npapozry KIDK,l{OrO H3 HHX.
Hanpavep, 6YKBa r 8 HeMeIJ;I<OM. aHrJIHHCKOM H tPPam:u'3CKOM R3LIKax 3BylJHT no
paJHOMY, O.IJ.HaI<O B neHHH 3Ta 6YKBa npOH3HOCHTCH T8epJJ:O KaK B narsnra. 11 eCJlH
npoasaomeaae TeKCTaPeKBHeMa 6Y.IJ.eT YHHtPHIJ,:RpOB8.HO H npH6nH)KeRO K CTporOCTH
naTHHCKOrO 5l3:bIKa. TO 3TO BO MHOrOM nOHHMaHHe H pacxpsrrae TeKCTa KaI<
CaMHMH HCnOJIHHTeJUIMH. TaK H cnvirrarensaa. MO)KHO BLICKaJaTh noscenarrae npa
HCnOJIHCHHH PeKBHeMa B POCCHH rresarars B nporpasesax nOJIHbrH TeKcT COtIHHeHIDI
H nepe80.IJ. Ha pyccxa X3bIK (c qCM ):(CHHCOB 6LU! snonae cornacea)".
B-TpeThHX. 3T0 np06neMLI HHTOHHpOBaHIDI KaK roPH30HTa.J1hHOrO, TaK H 8CpTH
KBJILHOro. ):vrx MenO,llHKH PeKBHeMa xapaxrepao COtIeTaHHe nna.BHOCTII ,uBH)KeHIDI H
60nLWHX CKalJKOB (8 TOM q],{CJIe <<Be6epROBCKHX 60JIbIllHX CCnTHM). a TaIC)f(C HHTO
HaIUUI EDS H ee BapHaHT DES (MoHorpaMMa caeoro asropa), xoropsie rrpOBOJUITCX
OT pa3HLlX 38YKOB. Menozmxy PeKBHeMa MO:>KHO HlITOHHpOBaTb JIH60 C onopot Ha
YCTOH HJIH KOHKpeTIlLIH JI3,ll, JIH60 HHTePBaJIbHO. AKKOp.D:HKa, KaI< }')Ke roaopanocs,
npHMeIDIeTCH B PeKBHeMe CaM8JI OT MaJKOpHOro Tpe3ByqIDI
(aanpassep, D-dur KaIC xpacxa ceema) .IJ.O n01lHaKK0pJJ:OB. B OCROBROM
B pe3YJIbTaTe COtIeTaHIDI TepUOB:bIX aKKOP.IJ.OB B paJHLIX rpynnax xopa. Meron ex pa
3yqHBaHH51: CH3tJaJIa BMCTpOlITL npocrsie aKKOP.IJ.LI B OT)leJIbHLIX rpynnax xopa, a
3aTeM HX HaCJIOHTh. Hanpaxep 'IT. 6-7 11:J:acTII force magnetique (<<MarHe
TH1:J:eCKasl CIUIID)):
)KeHCK. xop
MYJKCK.XOp
(IIpHMep 12)
Cymecrsyer HeCKOJll,KO senace PeKBHeMa ):(eHHcoBa, aanpasrcp, C npesrsepsr B
faM6ypre 30 OKTH6pH 1980 rona (xop H opxecrp Ceseporepsraacxoro PaAHO, ztapa
lKep - <1>. TpeBHC, conpaao - E. tIano, TeHOp - lL-M. Xapnep), 3anHCL IjJpaHIlJ'3CKOrO
P3JlHO (.IJ.HpHJKep - r. ):(peBaHc. COJIHCTbI Te )Ke. xop H opxecrp tPPaHUy:3CKOro pa
)lHO), 3anHCL 1984 rO.IJ.a H3 ):(oMcKoro cofiopa B Pare (rocY.IJ.apCTBeHHLIH aK3,lleMH'Ie
CKHH xop H CHMtPOHH"ieCKHH: opxecrp JIaTBHHCKOH CCP, JJ)lJ)H)Kep B. Karaes, conpa
HO - H. JIH, TeHOp - A. MapThIHOB) H ztpyrae. BMCOKO ueHWI raM6yprcK)'IO
npesesepy, RO nOTOM. xorna nO.KBBJIacL 3anHCL H3 ):(oMcKoro cofiopa, aBTOp OT.IJ.aJI eH
npermo-rreaae (no BOCnOMHHaIlHKM B. B. Karaesa, JIaTBHH:cKH.iJ xop rren KaIC
xopoma 0pKecrp)).):(JLlI BCer.IJ.a 6LIJI BaJKeH CXBatIeHHLn1 .zryx npOH3Be
)leRIDI)), reXHH1:J:eCKHe norpenmocra HCn01IHeHIDI OH tIaCTO npoman. Y KOMn03HTopa
6b1110 nozcenanae HCnOnHHTL PeKBHeM B O,ll;HOH nporpasese C Tp3JlHUHOHHLIMH co
qJ.fHeHMKMH. EM}'. uanptoaep, OtIeHL nOlipaBBJIOCb HCnOJIHeHHe PeKBHeMa B ):(roc
, .'
ITepeBOD. H $OHeTHlIeCKWI -rpatsceparmaa XOpOBEdX !pparMeHTOB Pexaaeaa npHBOD,llTCJI B ene-
J{)'lOLLteA pa6OTC: DamJQK H. B. 3J1HCOH )J;enHCOB. PeKBHeM. )].paMaTyprHJI LlHKJla H oco6eHHOCTH HC
nonHeHHJI. )J;mUJ. - MrK, 1996.
I
126
O<lEPK BOCbMO{l

censnoppc, r,ZJ;e B JqJyroM omeneaaa xosuepra npossysana onaa H3 KaHTaT
11. C. Eax.
l
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<paKTOpoB, OTMelJeHHbIX aeropaax MOHorpa!JlHH O ,[{eHllCOBe 10. H. XonOnOBLIM: H
B. C. lJ,eHOBO:H:, - 0606meHHaJI cioaceraaa Ka.HBa, HCnOJIb30BaHHe apIDi. H pelJHTaTK
BQB, a, C npyro CTOpOHbI, - orcyrcreae KaHOHH"leCKHX HOpM pexaaesra (ero CTpYK
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nHCTOB (reaopa II 6aca), xopa II opxecrpa Ha TeKCTLI H3 Hosoro 3aBeTa II npaeocnaa
HOH JIHTYPrllH (1992) HBHJI,aCb nporronaceaaest JIHHHH ,l(yXOBHLIX coxaneaaa ,l(ellH
COB - TaKHX, KfW: PeKBHeM, onepa Ileaa nae, xop Csere rnXlrii:2.
Ilo )l(aHPOBbIM npaaaaxae, "K8K crwerana B. C. Ileaosa, MCTOPH'I - npoease
neaae YHHKaJIbHOe, TaK KaJ( coneraer B conepacaaae rpex pa:mHlJH1>1X )lyXOBHblX
JKaHpOB - pO)K.lJ;eCTBeHCKO:H: oparopaa, naccaona H MeCCbI. IlpHHIUiIILI OpraHH3aI(HH
nareparypaoro H M)'3bU<aJlbHOro MaTepHaJIa oparopaa ,[{enHCOB. no cro eo6CTBeH
HOM)' BbICKa3bmaHHlO, nO):J;rrn:HHJI rmIDHOH nHHHH - 4lHJ"ype XpHCTa, era )KH3HH,
3
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BOCJIaBHOH mrrypraa. I1CTOpmo MHcyca paccxaasraaer BbmOJIHJUI pom. EBa.HrC
nHCTa, TeHOp noer enesa Hacyca".
Xop B oparopaa IIOeT B 6om,mefi: CTeneHH a cappella, lJeM B COnpOBO)K,llCHHH op
xecrpa, H B OCROBHOM OH HCnOJIH.ller" tPPandCHTbI npasoCJIaBHOH JIHTYP:rHH. Bena
npocnenars ornensrro XOPOB}'IO JIHHmO OpaTOpJiH, TO OHa npe,nCTIUUVleT coxpamea
H)'lO CJIyJK6y: Focnona nOMWI)'H (I s.), Cnasa Orny a CLIHy (I x.), jlocroao
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BeH rp.SlAbIH (vu lJ.), <<,l(a HCnO.llIDlTCR yc;ra aama (VII x.). TCKCT Jlarvpraa ,[{CHH
eOB 3aHMCTBOBaJI H3 J1HTYPrHH Casroro I10aHHa 3JIaToycTa II. H. qaHKOBCKoro.
IlpH'ieM B TeKCTaX H3 JIHJYPnrn H EBaHrcJIHi:i ,l(enHcoB acrrorrsayer He CTaPOCJIaBIDi
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l PeKBHeM _ CO'lHHeHHe o'lem noporoe H BIDKHoe MH casrorc KOMn03HTOpa, KOTOpOM)' ovem, XO
renocs '1T061,1 ero acnonaanx 'lame, Be.D:b B POCCHHPeKBHeM no-rra He Hrp8JJH. E!:I.HHCtBeHHOe aBTOp
csoe nceeneune x acnonaemeo CO'lKHeHHlI 3TO - He 3aTIlfHBaTb -resm B Andante Ha Requiem aeter
nam, l'lle ecrs aJIni03HJ1 Ha Kyrie eleison Mouapra H ellHHCTBeHHLT$l PS3 rrpoxomrr reaa BACH: (B
3TOM Mecre, aavauaicr 6HTL neraapu BlUOy Ha pe, H nO'leM)'-TO see .n.HpHJli.eplol XOTfi arpars MeJ1
neuxee, a MHe KaJKeTCR. 'lTO TaM seraeprs paaaa 60. Andante MH MeHll 3TO nO,ll,BH)KHbIR -rean,
'IeM sacro 6l,IBaeT. Y MeHll' 'lame Beera 61,IBa1OT yKa3aHlU1 HC 'reane, a xapasrepa. Bcnu R naury Alle
gretto, TO xapaxrep coacea He TOT. Kax MRe MOlimo ners, Requiem aeternam Allegretto? - HenL3R.
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3TO O'leHL MeJ]JleHHO, reM nepeBO,E{HTCR "uraroa", HeIlb3R :lICe nenars war B noxopoaxoa Map
ure (SamKJK H. B. I.J:.HT. CO'l. - C. 53).
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3TOro CO'lHHeHHJ! B uenoa xapaxrepea nonH4l0HK'lecKHA (rerepo4l0HHI,IA) cxnan nHCLMa. HeKOTOpLIe
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3TO npOH3BeJ1eHHe x Tpa,lUIlUtllM XOPOBI,IX KOHUeprOB EOpTHll'HCKOro, Eiepe30BCKOro, H BMeCTe C reM B
xope npHCyrcTBYJOT ThTJH'lHO J1eHHCOBCKHe HHTOHaUHH- 2.1, J,2, aTaJOKe HeKOTOpIole -reprn XOPOBOH
epak7ypl,l. BCTpe'la1OJ.J.J;HeCJI\ Ocena, PeJC.BHeMe H nocaeayiomax CO'lHHeHHRX.
) Iienucoe 3. B. H8eroJlW8JI. MY3L1Kaacerna .n.yxOBH8. - C. 41.
4 B naCCHOHax, KaK H3BeCTHO, Ha06opOT, HHcyC - 6ac, a EBBHrenl1CT - reuop.
XOPOBOE 1lJOP'lECTBO 3.l\HCOtlA ,llEHHCOBA 127
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a- H T. n. BH,lUIMO, ,l(eRHCOB }'MDIIDJICHHO crapancs H36e:>Kan. CTHJlH3aIJ;HH, XOTR HH
-ryHTHBHO KOMU031:1T0P B HeKOTopLIX 3DH30.o;ax OpaTOpHR 6JIH3KO HO.QXO,llHT K MeJlO
naxe 3HaMCHHOro pOCDeBa.
OpaTopIDI COCTOHT H3 ceMH sacren': I 'laCTb - (<POJK,IJ;eHUe. IT 'laCTL - (dl0KJIO
HeRUe BOrrxBOB. ID sacrs - HaroPH8JI nponosezrs, rv 'laCTL - BH.o;eHHe (o IIpe
06pIDKeHHH fOCnO.lJ;HeM), V 'lacn. - (Ue41CHM8HCKHH C8,lJ, VI tIaCTL - (uonro41a H
vn tIaCTL - BOCKpeceHHe. KaI<: H BO MHOrHX COtIHHeHHJIX KOMn03HTOpa, B oparo
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sacra nOCJIe XOpOBOH .upaMaTHtIeCKOH KYJlLMHHaIJ;HH - exceptional
variation <HCKJnOlffi.TeJILHM BapHaIl,IDD CJIe):(yeT .1lHpH1:JeCKaJI apwr Conp8HO Ha
TeKCT 34 nC8JlMa.
B XOpOBOM nHCLMe oparopaa npo.o;OJDKaeTCH .JlHHHH. HaMetIeHHaJI eme B OceWI,
PeKBHeMC, JIereM3X nO)J,3eMHbIX BO.o;, 0AH3KO K HeH .u068BJIH1OTCR HeKOTOpLIe
npHHI..lHnLI, oTpIDKa.fOIII;B.e BJIHHime np3BOCJlaBHOrO neaas, - 3TO npaxeaeaae rere
p0410HHOro rracssea, B 'laCTHOCTH sronamaoro, KOTOPOC KOMD03HTOP HCn0JlL30BaJI B
xope CBeTe TBXHib), a TaIOKe npReM nCW1MO,lUlpOBa.HIDI RJIH pesxrarra, BLlJIBJUIIO
mHii npocomno JJYXOBHoro TeKCTa? (Xop Orse nam VIT'98CTH C npHHUHIlOM pe
sararraa B HecHMMeTpH<tIHoii MeTpHKe npH6JIIDKaeTCJI K Tp3,UHUWIM .n.yxOBHLIX COtIH
HeHHii tIaiiKoBcKoro, tIecHOKOBa, PaxM8HHnOBa, CrpaBHBCKOrO H np.).
Bbl,lJ;eJIHM p)1'J:l Xap8K'TepHbIX 'lepr xoposoro UHCLMaB oparopaa,
B IIOJIHq,OHH'leCKOii q,llI<Type pacnpocrpaaeasr q,yraTO,
tIBCTO Ha J(HaroHH1IccKoii OCHOBe (HanpHMep, IT.2-18, 59-68 I tIaCTH, ace XOpbI
II '1aeTH, IT. 79-129 rv 'laCTH). Osem, xapaxrepasra 3rreMeHTOM xopoao q,llI<Typ;'1
MHOrHx COtIHHeHHU: ):{eHHcoBa SlBIDIeTCH xnacrep - COHOpHLrH KaMOH,
xoropu B oparopaa .o;OCTHraeT npe.ueJILHoH CJIO>KHoC'rn, aanpaesep, B IT. 89-94
VI 'lacm npOXOJJ;HT 8-rOJlOCHLIH COHOpHLIH KaHOH csremaanoro xopa, .ny6".rmpyeMDrH
4 Tpy6aMH II 8 Ba.JITOpH8MH (nonapao B yaacorr). ):{eHHCOB YCJIO:>KHJIeT <<reM)' KaHO
Ha pHTMR'leCKHMH rpyIIIlHpOBKaMH 5:4, 7:8, pa3Hoo6pa31iJ>IMH TpHOIDIMH (IIpH
Mep 13). Paaee B XOpOBbIX cO'IHHeHIDIX (KpOMC Jlereen nO)J,3eMHl:.IX son, H8IIHCaH
HblX .ZIJIlI 8HcaM6J1K) ,L{eHHcoB He IIpRMeHllJl plITMH'lecKHX q,Hryp THlIa 7:8 H 7:6
(TI. 62-67 I 'lacnr). B 60JlLmOM xope pHTMHQeCIGIe cP0PMYJlbI, C
nepeaocou sepea TaKTOByro aepry, oxeas TIIJ;aTeJILHOH qT06LI
.u06HTLCH onaospeaeasoro 3Byq:8HIDl B HeCKOJILKHX. ronocax, Hanpasaep, B asrme
}'Ka3aHHOM 3nH30.nc VI 'sacra (TI. 89-94) xpaae xpoaarasapoaarraaa MelIo.umca cPHp
rypHpOBaHHbIM cuenneaaev resrarpyrm (2.1, 1.2) 3anOJDU(eT ,lUIan330H MaJIOU: .ne
I.(HMLI rrpa CJlO:lKHOM pHTMH1:JeCKOM pHC}'HKe (CM. Ilpzssep 13). H eCJ!H B VU tI3CTH
neaae xopa .ny6"JlHpyercjJ Me){BloIMH HHCTpYMCHTaMH, TO B I qacTH, r.ne xop 3B}"IlIT a
cappella, pHTM npeneraanser ,nIDI HCnOlIHeHIDI .o;OCTaTOlJ.HO cepLe3HYJO rrpofineay.
(CM. IIaptHTYPY)
-IIpeo6Jl3,Uarom.eif: xoposo 4laxrypoii oparopua HBJIRe1'CjJ nOJIH41oHlf<ieCKWI
(p33JD:1lffiLIe KaHOHLI, cPyraTO H T. .0;.). ,l:{mI aKKOp,UHKH eOtIHHeHIDl. oml
l CTpDeHHe 'laCTeR o)aropHH CM. B crarse: lleeoea B. C. Caere THXHR. 1103,llHHR JJ:e
HHCOB. - C. 100-101.
211o,llo6HLIR npHeM pe'lHTaU,HH ecrpesancs B xopax K Menee.
O<fEPKBOCbMOff
128
paioineacs Ha HOBOTOHaJll>Hble npHHUHIIbI 3Byx.OBOH opraaaaanaa, xapazrepaa AHC
CQHaIITHaJI ocaoea: aanpaaep, VII sacrs, xop ONe HaIID>. TI. 49-61. Bcrpexaso.
lUHCC.sI B CO"'lHHeHHH <CTpa.AHIl.HOHHhle 3KKOp,D;LI, aarrpaesep, rpesaysae D-dur, KOTO
pbIM naaaaaercx oparopas, necyr Bce6e xpacxy ceema (o 3HaqeHHH B TBOpqeCTBe
,1l,eHHcoBa IIOIDf.fIDI ceem ynOMHHaJIOCb paaee).
,l]JrxOBHaJI oparopas Ileaacoea 3a1IHMaer oco6oe MCCTO opena BOKarr&HO-XOPOBbIX
CO'llmeHHH KOMII03HTopa no HeCKOJIbl<HM npwm:HaM: ao-nepsux, 3TO ero nepsoe
COllHHeHHe. HanHCaHHOe Ha pyCCKOM Jl3bIKe, BO-BTOplJX, nanaoe
COtIHHeHHe, OIIHpaJ:OIIlHeC.sI B QeRODROM Ha TeKCTI>I EBaHreJIIDI OT Maroes, IlO CBOHM
:lKaHPOBbIM IIpH3H3KaM 60JIee npH6JIH:>KaeTC.sI K Crpacrass.

MOCKOBCKaJI npexsepa oparopaa COCTOJlJIaCb 20 MaJI 1998 rona (.IlHpH:lKep
- C1>. I'nyrrreaxo, COJIHCTDI M. Hmrn<l>OPOB a,1l.. Kop-sax, XOpI:.I .AKa,neMHH xoposoro ae
KYCCTBa nozr ynpaaneaaesr B. Ilonosa)'. )KeJIaHHeM KOMn03BTOpa 6I:.UIO TO, 1fi06I:.1
xop H COJIHCThI, acnonasrourae oparopmo, 6wm a3 POCCHH. B. C. nOnOB - nepBL1H
H noxa e.nHHCTBeHHh1:H HCIlOJUIHTem. (d1CTOPHH - OT xopa npexpacaoro
xaaecrsa 3BYKa - 60JII:.mOH xop 3By<laJI KaI< :J#CUBOU, ZU6KUU 0PZQ1-lU3M>J, aaaenea
m.tH B03MOJKHOCThlO nepenere Bnaryto Becrs xcpca M)'3hI1Cy 3,lUieOHa ,1l.emreOBa.
PYKOBO)tlITem. .AKa,neMHH xoposoro HCKYCCTBa C. nOIlOB CKa
38JI 06 oparopaa cnenyronree: 3mo MY3blKa youeumenvno eupasumens
HCUl, KaK 6yomo Ope6IDlJl, moMY .BpeMeuu, pOdWlCR Xpucmoc.
/(peBWlR, HO u youeumenvno cOBpeMeHHCUl. 3mo ZeUUaJlbHOe COI-lUHeHue. JI He 3HalO.
l4mo nocmaBumb e HUMpRdOM2.
B cOBpeMeHI:IOH M)'3ldKe noaarae xopa BO MHorOM .IlJUI He
ro erana xapaxrepaa MaHepa nacesra. O):(HaKO ,ll)lH ,1l.e
HHCOBa rnaBHbIM 6MJIa xpacora senoaesecxoro ronoca: (<fI He 11106111O. oeoa xop Ha
l4Uuaem moname, ULunemb, 6umb B JI 11106111O. I-lm06br xop nen... JfHcmpy-
MeHm ecm uncmpyuenm, a xop - smo Mlle xaxcemcs, l4mo npueuu; Komo
pue ece nOl-leMy-mo JJ, ClIMU nO UMelOm oepanuuennue
B03MO:J/CHocmu. I1pocmoe 3fJ)lK0U36Jlel4eHUe B xope tioeane u C08peMeH
3
Hee. .J> .
Xcpoesre CO'lHUeHHII 3.nHCOHR ,1l.eUHC:OBR
BOKaJlbHO-CUMtP0HUl-leCKUe
CH6HpCKWl3eMIDl, OpaTOpUHa CTHXH A. Taapaoscxoro, 1961.
PeKBHeM ,l(JUI COJIHCTOB, xopa H opxecrpa Ha CTHXH <ll. Taanepa H JIHT)'prJllleCKHe
TeKCTLI, 198G.
Kyrie )\lIJ! xopa Hopxecrpa, I1llMllTH MOlj'PT., 1991.
UCTOpHH :>KH3HH If CMepTH aamero Haeyca Xpzcra, OpaTOpHJI .IlJUI CO
JIHCTOB xopa H opxeerpa Ha TeKCTI.I H3 Hoaoro-3aBeTa H npasocnasaon JIH1)'prHH.
1992.
l MHpOB<UI npewsepa COCTOXJlaCb BO IXlpaHK$ypre 14 1994 rona - A. Kali,
xop Hconacru - AKa.qeMHlI XOpOBOro acxyccraa non ynpaaneaaea B. Flonosa). no PRJJY npH'lHH3TO
acnonueaae He 6bUlO y.a.a'lHbIM (Ileaacoa OCTaJlCJJ .nOBonbHLIM TOnbKO XOpOM). POCCHlkK<UI npeasepa
COCTOKJlaCb B Caaape 13 Map.:ra 1998 rona,
2ili aHHOTaLlHH B. C. l..(erIoBo'f. KMOCKOBCKo'f. npeaeepe OpaTOpHM (20 M<UI 1998 r.).
3 Sam/DI<. pl. B. I..(HT. CO'l. - C. 54.
129 XO?OBOE TBOP'lECTBO 3aHCOHA ,UEHHCOBA
YTpeHHHil COH (<<Morgentraum) MH conpaao, xopa H opxecrpa Ha CTHXH
P.AycneHAep,1993.
Kopu a cappella
_Ilpaxon BeeHLD> ):VOI CMemaHHOrO xopa Ha CJIOBa A. <I>eTa, 1984.
Caere THXHib> ):VOI CMemaHlIQrO xopa Ha .JIHTYPrH'tJecKHH: TeKCT (H3 Bceaourao),
1988.

CO'lUHeHUR OIUl 'KQMepHOZO xopa (eOKQJlbHOZO aHcQM61Ul)
OceHL Ha CJIOBa B. Xne6HHKoBa MH 13 COJllfCTOB, 1968.
Jlerenrrsr nO)J;3eMHbIX BO.u; <Legendes des eaux souterraines ) .IQllI 12 eOJIHCTOB
Ha CTHXH If. Bepacepe , 1989.
XOP HCHOHb3YeTCH s orrepax Ilena l\He;! no E. BHaHy (1981), vlersrpe neayur
no II. I1HKacco (1986), B pelCOHCTpyapOBaHHO:H )l;eHHCOBfdM onepe )l;e6lOccH
Ponparo H XHMeH3?> (1992), Bsaeepmeaaoa peJllITH03HOH ,llJ>aMe Illytiepra <<1I33apb
HJIH Top:>KecTBO Bocxpemeaas (1995), a TalOKe B M)'3LIKe lC CneKT3KJIHM
Ilpecrynneaae HHaK33aHHe (1977) H"MeAeH (1995).
PeK:OMell)J;yeMaH na'repa'rypa
Iienucoe 3. B. )l;o.u;eKaepOHIDI H np06JIeMbI cOBpeMeHHoH KOMII03HTOpeKoH TeXHH-
KH // MY3bIKa HCOBpeMeHHOCTh. BLm. 6. - M., 1969.
Iieuucoe 3. B. COBpeMeHHaJI M)'3LIKa H 3BOJIlOUHH KOMII03HTOpCKOH
TeXHHKH: C6. crarea. - M., 1986.
Ileuucoe 3. B. HaCTOm:IJ;aH M)'3lJKa scerna .IJ;yXOBHa I Beceaa C M. M. Ka1)'HHH II
MY3bIKaJILHa>l aKaAeMHH.-1997. -No 2.
Tpueopseea r. B. PYCCKa>l XOpOBa>l MY3bIKa 1970 - 80-x I"OAOB. - M., 1991.
Kyp6amc'KQR C. A" Xononoe 10. H. I1Lep Bynea. 3,UHCOH jleaacoa. AHaJIHTHl.Ie
cxae oxepxa, - M., 1998.
HeH3BeCTHLIil,lJ;eHHcoB: Ih 3aIIHCRLIX KHHlKeK (1980/81-1986, 1995) / PeA-COeT.
B. C. Ileaoaa.>- M., 1997.
CBET. ,lJ;OEPO. IIaMHTH 3I\HeOHa ,lJ;eHHcoBa. CTaTLH, BOCnOMHHa
HHH, Marepaansr / PeA.-eoCT. B. CiIleaoaa, - M., 1999.
XORono81O. H, l(eHo8a B. C. 3AHCOH ,lJ;eHHcoB. - M., 1993.
!.JeH08G B. C. CBeTe THXHH. Ilo3JlHHH )l;eHHcoB II My:3bIKa 3.n;ncoHa Ileaaccea:
Marepaansr HayqHoi:t KOHepepeHl..J.HH, nOCBKII(eHHOH 65-JIeTHIO KOMII03BTOpa. Hays
aste TVYALI MOCKoBcKo!i roe. xorrcepsaropaa, C6.11. - M., 1995.
IlJYllbZUH p. H. IlpH.3HaHHe 3,ll;HcOHa )l;eHHcoBa. Ilo MaTepH3naM fiecen, - M.,
1998.
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TIpHMep 13
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AJILljJpel\ IlIHHTKe.
Koanep'r J];JIH CMemSnHOrO xopa ns CJIOBS Fparopa Hapexana
MyJLIKa Am.<jJpel\a Fappaesasa IllHHTKe (1934-1998) B HaCTOJnUee BpeMJ! o-reas
norrynapea, - npaxnrsecxa HR O,l:{HO KOMII03HTOpa He OCT3JlOCb
IIOJIHeHHI.IM, H B penepryape MHorHX H3Becnn.IX COBpeMeHHLIX My3bIKaHTOB ecu ero
npOH3Be,lJ;eHIUl. I1 BMeCTe C TeM, TBopqeCTBO Il.IHHTKe Bh13hIBaeT MHoro BonpOCOB,
CBSl3aHHI.IX, B qacTHOCTH, C <<HepOBHOCTblO nymca, 4laycToBcKOH HeO,D;H03HaqflO
CTMO, 60pL60H nOJUlpHOCTeHI era
Xopoaos KOHu;epT, KaI< H 4lHHa.JThI Tpersero cxparrasnoro xoauepra, Ilep
[mHT, Ilepaoro BHOJIOWle:JII.HOrO KOHIlepTa, no CJIOBaM KOMn03HTOpa, <<yJIOBJIem.m
HM CBI.ill..Ie
2.
I1, MO>KeT 6I.1Tb, n03TOMy KOHI..(epT ,lJ;IDI xopa - O,l:{HO H3 nyqnrnx CO'UfHe
HHH KOMn03HTOpa - o-reas opraaasea - 110 H3I.IKY. H B HeM 1I0'tITH He omyrrtaerca
BJIH.lIHHe 1I0JIHCTIUIHCTlflIeCKHX TeII,ll;eHUHH, xapexrepasrx .ZtrUI TBOpqeCTBa lIIHHTKe C
cepeaaasr 60-x rO,lJ;OB.
HarrHCaHHI.Iii B 1984-85 ronax Xopoao xoauepr npononaaer JImIHK) XOpOBI.IX
CO'tJ.HHeHHH KOMn03HTOPa, cfeJW KOTOpbIX - PeKBHeM (1975)3. <UHMH commy <I>paH
l1HCKa Accaaxoro (1976), ,<MuHHeJaHn> l\IDl 52 XOpHCTOB (1980-81), KaRTaTa
Hcropxa I\OKTOpa Horaaaa <I>aycTa (1983), TpH CMeIllaHHbIX xopa a cappella
(1984), a TaIOKe npenaocxamaer IIOCJIeJQ'lOII{He xopossre OnyCI.I )JJ'XOBHOH aanpaa
JIeHHOCTH, - no CTHXH nOKa5lHHLIe (1987), CTIIX Ha OTKphITHe 4leCTHBa.JThHOro
aocxpecesae (1989), Agnus nei (1991).
Jlareparypao OCHOBOH KOHD;epTa noc1I)'JKHJIa 'rperss rnaaa <<1CHIfi'H CKop6HI.IX
IICCHOlleHHH:}) Fpnropa Hapexamr' B nepesone H. TIo CJIOBaM KOMn03HTO
pa, OH HanHCaJI ty MY3I.IKY, KOTOPyro BI.I3hIBaJI nOT TeKCT, a He ty, xoropyro XOTeJI
CaM. ,UeHCTBHTeJILHO, CaM TeKCT apMmCKOrO yseaoro-ssoaaxa rrpOH3BO,D;HT Ot:IeHL
CHJIbHOe BIIeqaTJIeHHe: B Knare CKop6H OCMDICJIHBaIOTCH IIp06JIeMLI
senosesecxoro 6hITIDl H 3aTp3rHBaIOTCJl BOllpOCLI BepLI H Dora. Me,D;HTaTHBHOCTh,
npOCJIaBJIeHUe [OCIIO,lJ;a, M01IHTBeHHOCTh 1I033HH Hapexana CO'ieTaIOTCJl C .u.eHCTBeH
HOCThlO, HenOCpe,lJ;CTBeHHI.IM K -t:IHTaIOID,HM CTpOKH n03Ta - MonO)J;bIM li
l lieCeJU,l CAm.$pe.nOM 1lhnrrKe ICOCT. A. B. HBamKHlL - M. 1994. - C. 9.
1TaM>Ke.-C.10.
3 PekBHeM. no cnoaaa KOMTI03HTOPa, CO'lHneHHe, C O.ltHOR CTOpOHL1, - eaxaaoe, <; .Iq)yroA, - (<DO
napox casnne, Hanpaerep, aers Sanctus npHCHHDaCb Illeerxe, H BO MHOroM PeKBHeM npamem B
roTOBOM BH,D;e. KOMn03HTOp aaen B PeKBHeM Credo B xasecrae nocne,t{HeA sacra, 'IT06bl ()'Krn OT
rrpaaaryprsraecxorc crtana, B KOHue $OpMbD). Beeb MarepHan PekBHeMa (kpOMe Crcdo H
Sanctus) cyutecraoaen B QlOPTellHaHHOM xaarrrere (1972-1976). JIyqWHM HcnonHeHHeM PeKBHeMa aa
TOP C'IHTaJ1 nepsoe, B TaJLJIHHHe B QleBpane 1976 rona non yrrpaaneaaea TLIH)' KanbIOCTe (CM. 06
3TQM: [JJYlIbroH p H. roJU>l neaaaecraocra AJIbQlpe.na Il1HKTKe. - M., 1993. - C. 76-78; Eece.lU>1 C
AJIb$pe.noM Illmrrxe. - C. 58, 107).
4 CO'lHHeHHe CreM see Ha3BaHHeM - Der Sonnengesang des Franz von Assizi COJIHUJI)))
Ha enona <1lpaHlJ,HeKa ACCH3CKOro (a opurnuanbHoM naraacxoa aapaarrre) ecrs H y COQlHH f)6aUAy
JIHHoA. OHO aarracaao ,IlJUI BHOJIOfNenH, ceeuraaaoro xopa, ynapnsrx H cenecrst H nOCBJlmeHO 70
JIeTIDO M. Pocrponoaaxe.
5 Fparop Hapexauu (951-1003) - apM.IIHCKHA non, CbIH yseaoro H uepxoaaoro nacerena XOCPO
BaAH,n3eBalJ,H. YqHJlC.II Boxpyre PWryHH, B MOHacn.lpe Hapexa. EyJJY'lH yqeHLIMMOHaxOM, no oruta
>KlOHU npenonaaen B 3TOM MOHaC'Thlpe. Ilecan ratm3bl (I'UMHId a xecrs Bora u CBJlTblX), raru (necaa).
Maorue Taru 6ne.cnrtIlHMH 06pa:UJ.aMH apM.IIHCKOA cpenacsexono n033HH. n03Ma Kaara
CKOp6HbIX necaoneaaa <IfapelO), Mapcene, 1673) aanaaa 30 paa Ha .113bIKe. nepe
aeneaa Ha $paHJJY3CKHA, aHrJIHAcKHA, HTaJIbJlHCKHn, rypeuxnn, apa6CKHA H pyCCKHA .113b1KH.
137 A.J1L4>J'E,Q WHHTKE. KOHUEPT ,llJUICMElllAlUIOro XOPAHAcnOBA IPHrOPA HAPEKAJ.tH
CTapLIM. 60raTbIM H 6C,uHbIM, npeaenases R rpenrasrsr, lJT06bI OHR Hammt: B CTHXax,
nOJIHLIX CKop6H H C1pa.zlaHHJI, yremeaae, Ha3HJr,aHHe, OCBo6o)t(J:(CHHC OT <<THrOCTIIbIX
OKOB COMHeWUI H MonDi BMecTO MOJIHTB!:.I npOH3HOCHT!:. enesa MOHaxa.
I .
HeCM01pSl Ha TO, 'lffO Kaura CKop6H 6ldJIa C03,uaHa Hapexana TLIcj{t{eneTHC Ha-
3a,IJ;, ee My3bIKaJIhHOe BOnJIOlI(eHHe - XOpOBOit KOHl.lepT 1llHHTKe - no )l(HBoe enOBO
K CKa3aHHOe Ha Jl3I.IKe. eJ.(HHOM JUDI BCCX
snox . OJJ;HaKO OC06CHHOCTH Jl3!:.lKa Ji ero TOlJHOe omymenae, no CJIOBaM KOMn03H
ropa, HC n03BOJIJUOT HCnO:JIlUlTb COlJHHeHHe aarne, KpOMe Poccmt:
3.
TeKCT Hapexana
(aepaee, ero a.zleKBaTHI:Jii, xapaxrep cpenaesexoso apMJIHCKOH no
, Wim, nepeson HWCOJI8Jl BI.I3BaJI HlITOHBIUII9, aTMoc41epy asysa
HIDI. qyTKO yJIOBJIeHH}'lO .lIIHHTKc. B xoanepre HeT mrrar, O)J.HaKO rrpacyrcrsyer .n;yx
CpeJJ;HeBeKOBLIX neCHonCHHH. B.n;yIIlHii OT Meno.n;mco-rapMOHHlJeCKOrO SI3!:.IKa H OCO
6eaaocreH XOpOBOH paKTyphI. C npyro CTOpOHhI, B nOM npOH3Bc,uCHHB B 60m.moH
creneaa ourymaerca onopa Ha JKaHp pyccxoro xoposoro KOHUCpTa. r. H. PO)K
.zteCTBCHcKHH. HCnOJIHHBmHH 60JlI:,moe KOJIlflIeCTBO COl::fHHeHH.ii KOMn03BTOPa, TaK
OXapaKTepJi30BaJI -3TO CO'lJHHeHHC IlIHHTKC: <<PyCCKaJI XOpOBaJI JIHTepaTYPa 060raTH
nacs COqHHeHHeM Macnrra6a rpOMMHOro... Kounepr JVVI xopa Ha CTHXH Tparopa
Hapexana HaCTOJlI:,KO CaM06LITeB, 'lTO CpaBHCHIDI MOryr noxasarscs neon
paB.ztaHHLIMH, reM HC MCHee, CJIYDIaH 31y 3aMelIareJILHyIO My3!:.lK)', HCJII:,3S1 He scnoa
HHTh Be.rmKHX "npcwneCTBeHHHKOB" KOMn03HTOpa B 3TOM JKaHpC- EOJITIDiHCKoro,
qanKOBCKOro, PaxMaHHHOBID)4.
c1>opMa CO'llHHCHIDl, 6e3yCJIOBHO, 06yCJIOBJICHa TCKCTOM Tparopa Hapexana: 1pe
n.g rlI8B3 KHHrH CKop6H COCTOHT 1113 lIeTL1pCX pasnenos, B, COOTBCTCTBeHHO, B XO
POBOM KOHU.CpTC J.I1HHnce lIeTLIPe lIaCTIl: 1. O nOBemITeJlI:, cymero acero, 6CCU.CH
HLIM.H .ztapaMH Hac .uapxn:um., n. C06p3H!:.e necea cax, r.zte KIDK)J;L1H CTIIX.HaI10JI
HeB CKop6!:.1O... , ill. BCCM reM, KTO BHHKHeT B Cym;BOCTL cKop6HLIX cnos..,
N. CeH 1py.u, 'lTO Ha1I31I g C ynosaaaees B C HM:eHeM TBOHM ... S. Korrrpacr lJaCTe:H:
COCTOHT -rrpeacne acerc B BLI60pe M3TepHaJIa, KOTOp!:.rH onpenens
CTCg xap3ICTcpOM npOH3HOCHMLIX cnos,
6
Aaropst MOHorpa41Hll.-O l.Ibmnce OTMClJaIOT B XOpOBOM KOHIJ;epre ,IJ;Be HHTOHa
u.HOHHhIe cpep!:.1: MCJJ;lITaTHBH)'IO (nnx KOTOpOH xapaxrepna K3HTHJIeHa) H pesara
THBHYIO (xoropo npacyma nCaJIMO)J)lJlOBHHe H oCTHHaTHOcn.). Ha Ham B3r.J:UI,U, 3TH
c41epLl B3aRM006paTHMbl B B3aHMonpOHHKaeMLI TaKHM 06pa30M, tITO orma MOJKeT
neperexars B zrpyryro, MeHjJg reM caMLIM XOPOB)'IO paKTypY, - rOpH30HT31IL MOJKeT
npeapamarecs B BepTHKaJI!:. H Ha060pOT.
Mcxo,ltlIaJI lliITOHaIJ;IDI KIDfOlOH aacra - OCHOBa, CTepJKCHL nocrrezryromero pa3BH
THSI. neHnl:HTOH3llIDI l sacra HM:CeT JIHHcapHyIO npapony - OneBaIIHe ozmoro asyxa
I A.llIHHTKe nOnL30BaJICSI H3JJ:aHHeM Kaaru lO c60pHHKa (cAPMSlHCkM cpemseeexoeaa
nHJ>HXa (liH6nHOTeka n03Ta, 60J1bmM cepas, 2
0e
H3)laHHe. - JI.: COBeTCKHA IIHcaTeJ1b, 1972).
, .
X0J10nosa B. H.. t[uzapeBa E. H. AnblPpeJJ: llIHHTKe: Osepx )l(H3HH H TIlOpqecTB8. - M., 1990.
C. 237.
J B C KOMno3lITOpoM A. B. HS8WKHH oraevaer, 'ITO lllHHTKe O'leHb rroapaaanocs acnon
HCHHC ero Maaueaanrai 8Hrmrl!:cKHM XOpOM, a BceHOWH)'KIJl PaxM8HHHOB8 OH BOCnpHHHM8Th ne
Mor }D-3a ({aHelQJ.OTH'lHOro pyccsoro Sl3bIK8>l. CM. 06 3TOM: EieCeJJ.b1 C Anb$pellOM llIHHTll;e. - C. 106
108.
4 TaM iKe. - C. 237.
5 B aBTOpCKOA pysonuca xoauepra Ha3S8HHlI '18CTeA crryureusr, ysaaaasr JJHlllb HCTO'lHl-{K
(C60pHHK ApMSlHCKOA" cpeJJ:HeBeKoBCUt J1HpHKHl) H nOCBSlw;eHHC Banepmo fiOnSIHCKOM)' H I'ocynapcr
HeHHOM)' KaMepHOMY xopy.
6X0J10nOBa B. H., 'Iueapeea E. H. UHT. CO'l. - C. 238-240.
O'lEPKJlE8RThJR
(B aa-rane '<JBCTII- fis, jis-e-g-fis), OHa H3nO)KeHa B rOMo4loHHo-rapMOHHqeCKOM
csnane, ztna xoroporo Xapa.KTepHLIM HB.JU[eTCH ,n:BH)KeHHe rrapaJlJICJILHDIMH KBHHTaMn:.
)J;ancc 3Ta HHTOH8I{HJI aaysar B ,ny6nHpoBKax B TepD;HIO, OJITaay. KBHH'I)' (IIPH
Mep l A).
Bo II '<JaCTH Be,llyllJ;Hi1: HHTOHaIUIOHHLIH npHHUHII - OCTHHaTHOCTL. B uenOM .IODI
3TOH qaCTII xapexrepen CHHTe3 HOJIH4IoHHQeCKoro H roxodroaao-rapaouaaecxoro
nHCLMa. Tesra posctaercs H3 mWeHT03HOrO MOTHBa (cro MOJKHO TaIOKe nasaars
<<MOTHBOM CKop6H) "" es-d, xoropsra HOBTOpHercH HeCKOJILKO pas, 3aTeM K HeM)'
<mpHCOe)l;HIDIeTCH nOJIYTOH CRH3Y - cis (Ilpaeep 1E).
B rrepasrx ruITHa,ll,IJ;aTH TaKTaX II qaCTH Ha OpraHHOM rrymcre TPe3ByqHJI e-moll y

MYJKCKOro xopa B naprasx )KeHCKOro xopa BLlc-rpaHBaCTCH reesa C KBapTOBLIM BC1)'II
d
l-es'-gl-as'-c2-deSZ.
neHHcM rorrocca: esl-d
1
, asi_g', deSZ_e
2
3anOJIWU[ BCp11iKam.
III qacTL' OCHOBaHa Ha CJIeJlYIOlIleii (Tlpasrep l B). ACKeTIRHaa,
HeCKOJILKO CYPOBaJI OCTHHama.5l: McnO,!J;H"lcCK3.lI 41mypa C HCCHMMerpWffil,IM MerpOM,
H.lJ.YIIl:HM OT npOCO,n:HH TCKCT3. 3ByqamWl Y HH3KHX M}')KCKHX ronOCOB BLl3L1BaeT ac
CO cpenaesexoeo n;epKOBHOH MOHO)J;Heii. B .Ilam.aeihneM pa3BHTHH sacra
31:3. naarorraaecsas no rtpapojre MenOJlIDl TPaHc4IOpMHpyeTCJl B xpoaarnsecxyro
(Ilpasrep l IJ.
B 41HHaJILHOH N sacra o6'Le)lYHHlOTCJI aaroaanaa, BCTpCqaIOIIJ;HeCH B rrpeztsrzry
I.I{HX qaCTJlX - III-H H H BMecTe C TeM BLI,llCJIJleTCJI HHTOHaIJ;HH C Xapa.KTepHOIM
CKaqKOM Ha KBapTY BRH3, 3aTe:M - 06paTHo B8CPX (Ilpaeep 1)JJ.
CpaBHHB aaaana aacreil, MOJKHO rrexcropsre CXO.lleTBa HHTOHau;Hii.
aanpaaep, B:&IJJ;Cp:lKHBa.BBe 3BYKa Ha c.uHflOfi asrcore B O)J;HOM HJIH HCCKOJILKHX rono
. cax - csoero pona Mcno.zurqCCK3.lI aenens, C03.1laIOm3.ll 34141eKT OT3BYKa (<<nOBHCaHH.lI
3BYKa). 3TOT npaesr ITHCLMa OqCHD BL1p3.3HTcneH)lIDI HCrrO.1IHeHIDl B aarrax C xoponre
axyCTHKOH H, OooOOHRO, B O.n;HaI<O OH npe.llCT3BJIJIeT n HaH60JILtnyIO onac
HOCTh }lIDI HCHOJIHCHHJI. TaK KaI< MenO,llHl:lcCKasI nenans scerna CJILn:DHee, qeM .l{BH
)f(}'IIUIecJl ronoca, ):(pyroii qepTOH HHTOHaI:{HOHHOCTII K3JK,U.OH sacra HBJUIercJI
rrpammrr OneBaHIDl (<<paCKa1JHBaHlliD onopaoro TOHa, xapaxrepasr }lIDI cpemreae
MOHO,!lRH 8006mc
2
.
Cpezra ooo6eHBOCTeH XOpOBOro rrHCLMa xoenepra:
1. Onopa Ha MOHO,umo. ,II.BIDKcmrc rraparrnCJILHLIMH KBHHT3MH, OKTaBaMH, yrror
IIerepn;OBLIX. C03ByqHH, XapaKTepHLIX }lIDI CpeJlHeBcKOBOH M)'
3LlKH.
2. TIpHeM 3Xa HJIH CBCTOTeHH: HCrrOJll:030BaHHe B COCe.IlHHX 41pa3ax (:wrn MO
THBax) O,llHOHMeHH!>JX nanoa, aanpasscp, H-dur - h-moli, g-moli - G-dur (I xacra,
1\.4-5, 15), OJlHOTep1\OBI.IX rpessysa, HBIlpHMep, c-moll- H-dur (ll qaCTL, 1\. 13) H
np.
3. TIpHMeHeHRC COHOpHLIX 3ITH30.ll08, KnaCTCpOB .IlJUl HeraTHBHoH.
rpexosao c4IepLI. Hanpaaep, BO II qaCTH (U;. 7) Ha cnoaax <<2peXOM nneHeHHbOO)
l III HaCTb 6J.JJIil uanacaaa nepso H rrpcaayvana B Typwm (na CTaM6ynhcKoM cPeCTHBane) H n
MOCKBe B 1984 roDY (06 3THX llCnOnHeHH.IIX CM. B 3aKmOlfHTeJlhHOM paanene KHHrH: Moc
KOBCKue UCnOlIHUmeJIU Hoeoic xopoeoa M]'3blKU.) Sra vacrs C6MaJI II B HeH KOMn03KTOp
noneayercx HaH6oJ1J.lllHM piUHo06pa3HeM XOpOBblX rrpaexoe. HapJUJ:Y C roM0cP0HHo-rapMOHHtleCKHM
II n0J1HcP0lflNeCKHMll XOpOBJ.lMH CK11a.D.6MH lllHKTKe npaesenaer CMewaHHbdl nm 4>aKTypLl, B KOTOPOM
O.llHOSpeMeHHO coverarorca'''ecKonhKo npocrsrx. Ha III vacn, npaxonerca H KyJ1bMHHal..lKll acero
uaxna (Lt. 17).
2 06 3TOM CM.: XOJ/on06a B. H, E. H. IJ.HT. cov. -c C. 240.
139 AnbotlPEJ\ Wmma::. KoHUEPT .WtJI CMElllAHHoro XQPAHA cnOBA rPlffOPA HAPEKAlU1

CTpOHHOCTH TCPUOBO-aKKOp.o;OBOfO CKJIa,ua 3Byq:HT KJIaCTCp. KO
-ropn, C:>KHMaJlCl>, IIpHXO,llHT K TOny e (TIPHMCP 2).
B ill sacra HHTCPCCHbIMnpHMCpOM CMcmaaHoro rana XOpOBOH lP3KTYPL1H nona
pHTMHH XBJUleTCH cnC,llyIOIUHH 3nH30.o; - u ecnu CMepmHblU cmpax URU COMueUbe
60pyZ KeM-mo u3 moDeii... (u. 12): 6aCl>I div. in 2 no1OT, tICpe,lJyRn no
CJ!Onw CMepm-HOIH empax, CMCQT-HbU"i crpax... Ha OCHOBROM 3BYKCd, aapynrea
06II(HH Pa3MCP 5
4
TpeXtIeTBcpTH:E:JM .u;BH)I(eHHeM. Ha lPOHC nOH nynscapyrome
nenana asyxar J(Ba COHOpHLIX xaaoaa - BRatIMC aocssraronocasr Y )l(CHCKOro xopa
(mrrepsan BCT}'IlJICHIDI- ozrsa BOCl>MWI), 06pa3yx nonyronossra xnacrep e-gl, 3areM
.. .QBeHa,uuaTHronocHI>lli (coapaao div. in 4, em.rsr div. in 4 H reaopa div. in 4), sarron-
HlUl KJIaCTCp es'-tf (TIpHMep 3). . ..
4. .nrrx MeJlo,n:HKH KOHIJ;eprn xapasrepao:
a) npaaeaeaae ocraaaraoro lJ;BIDKeHWl, OIlenaHIDI OCHOBHoro TOHa (CM. TIpHMe
PM l A-m;
6) ynOTpe6J1CHHe mHpOKHX cxaaxos: Ha HHTepBaJIbI (B nonyroaax) 11 (I aacrs,
U. 1; ill xacrs, Q. 13) B 10 (I sacrs, u. 13). B TOM aacne IIIHpOKOHHrepnaJThHaJI MeJIO
JI:HJ<f'-C'--f2_ge?- - -reesa lJ)lJI HMHTaIIRi! B n. 24 I 'sacra;
B) HCnOJll>30BaHHC KOJlOKOm.HOro 3J1eMeHTa (MH)I(eHHJI napaancnsasraa repUIDI
MH), anymero OT 1pa.zumHii PYCCKOi! .uyxOBHOi! M)'3!>IKH (ll sacrs, n, 16-18).
B uenOM .lUDI xoancpra xapaxrepes fOMolPoHHo-rapMoHHtlCCKHH CKJIa,ll C 3J1eMCH
TaMH nonaipoaaa (B BH,lle HMlIT8UH:.iI). O,lJ;HaKO, HeCMOTp5l: Ha TaKOC BIlome
<<tpa,ll.KUHOHHOO> orrpeneneaae, 5l:3l>IK xoanepra OTJUI'IaeTCR CaM06bITHOCThID H HO
BH3HOii. Hanpassep, MeJlO,ltHKa KOHll,CpTa, coseraronraa OCTHHaTm.re.
JlaMeHT03HLle HHTOH8UHH C nmpOKllMH CKatIlCaMH, rapMOHIDl CQ1JHHeHIDl, .lt/llIKOTO
pOH xapaxrepao COe,lJ;BHeHHe repnceux aKKOp.QOB H UerepUOBl>IX C03ByqHii:, opra
HHtIHoe COqeTaHHe TOUaJII,ROCTH H MO.Qa..rr&HOCTH UepKOBHLIX Jl3,llOB. Tax, ill tIaCTL
aasaaaercs B a-mall H 38KaH1JHBaeTCJI B D-dur, 1JI'O accoUHIIpYeTC5l: C rnnonopaa
CKHM rra,nOM a, HMelOIUHM lPHHaJIHC - d. ,nBIDKeHHe TOH8JIbHOCTeH scex 'sac
reM CTpeMHTc5l: K D-dur: OT h-moll I qaCTH scpes e-molI II sacra H a-mall - D-dur
ill qaCTH K D-dur lPmIanal r
B .n:aHHOM COtIHReHHH KOMll03HTOpOM OqCHh rJIY6oKO rrposryecraoaaaa opranaxa
xopa. HCCMOTpH Ha o6I1l}'1O reanesmno XOpOBOro IIcK}'CCTBa aropek nonOBHHLI
XX CTOneTIDI K KaMepROCTH. C)I(aTOCTII MaTepHana, B nOM KOHIJ;CpTe omymaercs
onopa Ha Tpa,n;HI.tHH 6om.:umx PyCCKHX XOpOB
2
H, 6e3ycnoBHo, KaMepHbIM COCTaBOM
TaKOe COtIHReHHe nCTL rrpescrasecxa HeB03MO)I(HO. - KOMII031IT0P npaxeaser pasne
neaae Ha 5-8 roJlOCOB. B XOpOBOM KOJmeK'THBe, HCnOJIIDlI<nueM KOHIJ;epT, .n:oJDKHa
6LI'I1>CHJIbUaH B BOKaJThHOM OTHOmeHHH M}'JKCKaJI rpyrma, oco6eHHO HH3KHe fiacsr,
TaK K8K B npoasseneaaa qaCTO acnonsayerca i<pa.ifimi.i HH)KHHn pcracrp - D-Es
6om.moH OKTaBl>I, a TaIOKe BO scex C03ByqIDIX osem, B<UKeH lP)'H.AaMelfD) - fiacoaete
-ssyxa, .QaIOID:He KaqeCTBeHH)'lO 06epTOHOBYlO oxpacxy BepXHHM 3B}'KaM aepraxana.
B Han CO'lll:IHeHHeM, HapH.DY CO cneUHqmqeCKHMH lIpo6neMaMH XOpOBOro HC
nOJlHHTe.m.CTBa - crpoea H aHC8.M6J1eM, BHHMaHHe cnezryer ynenars
B&Ip33HTeJIl>HOCTII CJIOBa, TaK KaK nareparvpaoxy TeKCl)' B xomtep
l Dcdur nns MHorHX KOMfi03HTOpOB acconaapoaasca C TOHanbHOCTblO EoxeCm6eUJl020 C6ema (OT
Baxa fl Berxoseaa JlO AeHHCOBa).
, '
BaJiCHO OTMeTKTb, arc 06pa:!OBaHHe lllHHTKe norrysan Ha napaeepcxo-
XOpOBOM iPaxynbTere YliH.nHw,a HM. OKnl6pLCKOH peBOnIOUHH. Teneps 3TO MY3blKaJJbHoe aa
aeneaae HOCHT era HMJ! (MY3bIX8J1bHbIl:t K01lJleJ])K HMeHIof Illmrrae).
140
OlfEPKJ/.EBRTb111
-
Te npaaaanesorr rJI3BHaJl CMLICJlOBaJI H ,np3M8T)lprH'IeCKaJI pOJIb. CTfl:XH HapeKaIJ:H
06yCJIOBH.JIH HC TQJThKO OC06yfO RHTOHalllUO. J;tHH3MHKY. rapMOHHIO, Metp, HO H TeMU
rrpOH3HOCHMhIX enoa. HHTepeCHO OTMeTHTL, "tfI'O B PYKOIIHCHOM sapaaare napTIfIYPLI
aBTOp He o603HalffiJl TeMIT MHOrHX tIaCTeH - l-H, Ill-a H IV-it BHJlHMo, xapaxrep
npoH3HomeHIDI enoa apMHHCKoro nosra OllCHI> CHJThHQ BJIHJUI Ha onryrrtenaa reana
RX apraxynapoaaaas y cassoro KOMn03HTopa. 3rnM tIaCTHM npacyma neroponnasas
pesararras, M01IHTBeRHOCTI>, BOCX.BaJIeHHe Bora, XOT.1I npa HCnOJIHCHHH cymecrsyer
onaCHOCTh pacraayrocra, 33Mc.nnCHIDI:. Qro6LI H36e:JKaTh sroro, HaitrH
IIPaBHJIbH)'lO)) CMLICIIOBYID !lJpa:mpOBK}' e1l0B Hapexana, "tITO, Ha aam sarnsn, osem,
TOHKO cJJ;CJIaJI Banepa TIorurnCKHH: If Focynapcraemrsr K3MCPEn:J:H xop, KOTOpLlM H
IIoCBxmeH Kormepr. B 3anHCH B COt\>IDiCKOM ropona ITOJlOllKa
(1988) y6e,llHTCJII>HO aacrpoeaa ,llJ)aMa'IYPfIDI: rrpCKp3CH:E:.M 3BY
aaaaa xopa coseraerca C XOpOnm:M HHTOlIHpOBaHHeM H KpaCHBOH M3Bepotf 3B)'K0R3
BJIeqeHWI.
XopOBLle CO'lHHeHHll Am.t\Jpe,I\a IUHHTKe
Xop naa caeuiaaaoro COCTIlBa Ha CTHXH A. IlpoKQlp!>eBa, 1954-1955.
Haracaxa, oparopas JlIDI MeI{Il;O-COnpaHO, CMem3HHorO xopa H opxecrpa Ha
TeKCTh! A. r. <1>epe, E. 3iicaxy, C. TOCOH, 1958.
Ilecaa BOOOhI H MHpa, KaHTaTa ,J:()UI conpano caemaaaoro xopa H opxeerpa Ha
CJIOBa A. Jleoarseea H A. TIOKpOBeKOro (B OCHOBy KaHTaThI nOJIO)KeHLI coapeaearrsre
pyccxae HapO,IJ;ID.Je neCBH), 1958.
Tonoca npapoasr ,lWJIIO-TH lKeHCKHJ{ roJlOCOB 8BH6palj>oHa (603 CJIOB), 1972.
PeKBHeM H3 M}'3LJI(H K JlPaMe et>. Illxnnepa <<,l(OR Kapnoc ,J:()UI C01lHCTOB, CMe
maHHOrO xopa H aacrpysrearamaoro 3BeaM6IDI, 1975.
fHMH commy et>p3HIlHCKa ACeH3Koro (<<Der Sonnengesang des Franz von
Assizi) .nIDi JlBYX CMemaHHLlX XOpoB H 6-TH HHCTpYMeBTOB. TexCT et>pamJ;HeKa Ac
C83CKoro (B HeMeI1KoM nepesozre), 1976.
BTopaJI CHMIj>OHHJl (CB. <1>Jlopmm),lWJI eOJIHCTQB, KaMepHoro Kopa 8 CHM<pollll'le
esoro opxeerpa, 1979.
MHHHe33Hr>) (Mmnesang) JlJUI 52-x XOpHCTOB Ha TexCThI MHHHe3HHrepOB XIl
xrn cronera: Mcaaxa 83 3aJILI16ypra, <!>P8I1PRXa <pOH 30HHeH6ypra, Anexcaanpa
MaJlCTCpa, Teapaxa 1j>0H Maceaa, Henxapra <pOH Porearans, BaJILTepa <pOH ztep
<!>orem,Beii!le, BOJlLlj>paMa 1j>0H 3meH6axa, 1980-1981.
Hcropaa ,ZJ;OKTopa Horaaaa cf)aycTIm, X3HTaTa ,ltIDI KOHTpaTeIIOpa, xorrrparrero,
rexepa, 6aea, caemaaaoro xopa H opxeerpa, 1983.
TPH eMeillaaHLlX Kopa a eappella: I. Boropozrane )J;eBO, panyca 2. rOClIOI\H, Ha
cyce3.0neH3lD.1984.
KOHI1epT.l\lIJl CMC!llaHHOro Kopa Ha CTHXH I'psropa Hapexana, 1984-1985.
Heraepraa CHMQ;>OHIDI ,lI)UI.eO.JmCTOB H xaseepaoro opxecrpa (B03MOJKeH BapHaIIT
,lI)UI CHMQ;>OHHqeCKOrO opxecrpa - n01IHaJI crpyasraa rpynna - H CMemaHHoro XO
pa), 1984.
CTHXH nOXaJlHID.Ie nna eaernesaoro xopa 6e3 conpoaccezreaas D 12 'aacrxx. K
lOOO-nemulO xpetuenus Pycu. TeKCTbI XVI aexa, 1987. .
CTHX na OTKpI.ITHe q,ecTHBa.m.Horo aocxpeceaaa (<<Eroffnungvers zwn
I Festspielsonntagej nna ""IeTbIpexr0J10CHOrO CMeIDaHHoro xopa H oprana, 1989.
Agnus Dei ,ZJ;JlSI zrsyx cono, )KeHCKOro xopa Iof opxecrpa, 1991.
141 AJlb<liPEJJ, lllHmlCE. K.OHLtEPT AMCMEUlAHHOroXOPAHAcnOBArPMrOPAHAPEKAI..tH
Xop yxacrayer B Cn;eHHQeCKOH KOMn03HIJ;HH <UKeJlTbIH 3BylO> ,llIDI DaHTOMHMhl,
HHCTpYMeHTaJIbHOrO aHC8M6ID1, corrpaao H cMeiIIaHHoro xopa, B Ilep
r.01fD' (1986), n orrepax <U!CH3HL C H.z\HOTOM (1990-1991), <<,L{lKe3YllJIL)lO>' (1994),
noxropa Horaaaa <I>ayCTB>' (1994).
PeKOMell,lQ'eM8J1 .l1HTepaTYP8
Beceasr e Am..ppe)lOM llImrnce I COCT. A. B. Haamxan. - M., 1994.
Xononoea B. H, '{uzopeeo E H. Am..ppe)l Illamxe: Osepx lKH3HH H TBOpqCCT
Ba. - M., 1990. .
Illynseu JI. H. Fona HeH3BCCTHOCTB Am..ppe)la llImrnce. Becensr C KOMn03HTO
pOM. - M., 1993.
'-,
OlfEPKJ/,EB.11TbJtl
142
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143 AJn,0PEJJ, IIII-nmcE. KOtll.tEPT JVUI CMElllAHHOro XOPA HA CJ10BA fi'HrOPA
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Teneps aceraa caera COIjJUH ry6aii:,rQrJlHHoii:
TBopqecKRii CTHJIb CO<!JHH Acrarosnsr ry6aii.l1yJIHHoii (p. 1931), saassmea BHJI
BDe MecTO opena BEJ,ll8lOmHXC.R KOMII03HTOpOB KOHu.a :xx sexa, BLI3LIBaeT 6om.mofl:
arrrepec He TOJIhKO IIOTOMY, q'J:'O ee COl:JHHeHIDI He npaaanneaar K KaKHM-JIH50 1'13
THIIOJIorlReclGlX COBpeMeHIDllX My3bIKaHbHhIX TetIeHHit H aanpasneaa, HO H CaM
!peHOMeH .m:eHIIJ;HHbI-KOMfi03HTOpa rrpasnexaer oco6oe BHHMaHHe. no CJlOBaM
B. H. XOJIOIIOBOH, C04lIDI fy6afi.n;y!IHHa 0PraJIHlmO coaeraer B CBoeM MHpOB033pC
HBH H MHpOBocnpmrnm H KyJIbTYPY 3ana.ua H KyJIhTYPY BOCTOKa, npeTBOpIDI HX B
CBoeH co5CTBeHHOH HH,llHBR.llYa.J1I?HOH MaHepe IIHCbMa.
Xoposne COtIHHeHIDI C. ry6a..:H:.uyJIHHOH D1pIDt<:aK>T rrry60KHH .uyxoBHhlii MHP
KOMII03HTOPa, Ha KOTOp:om OKa3aJIH BJIHJIHHe <<KOHq,yn;HaHCKaJI "Kaara rrepeeeen"
("H-U,3HH") .llaOCH3M Jlao-nssr, KaTOJDrIIeCKWI naryprax, rrponoaezra Meacrepa 3K
xapna, <!JHJIOCO<!JWl Haxonas KY3aHCKOrO, Ferens, Ksepxeropa, Fyccep
IDI, Hmc.OJIaJI Bepnseea, K)'JILTYPOIIOrIDI AnCKCe.R Jlocesa H Cep
rex .ABepHHi(eBID>I. A o ce6e iy6aii)J;yJIHHa rOBopHT cnenyromee: .SI pe.JIHI'H03HLIH
npaaocnaaasr qeJIOBeK H pemmno nOHHMaIO 6yxBam.HO, xax re-ligio - BOCCT3HOB
JIeHHe CB.SI3H. BOCCT3HOBJIeHHe legato )f{}f3HH. :>KH3Hb paspsmaer qeJIOBeKa Ha xacra.
OH .llOJDKeH BOCCT3HaBJIHBaTL CBOIO n.enOcTHOCTL....;. 3TO H ecrs peJIHrKH. llOMHMO JIY
XO:BHOrO BOCCT8HOBJIeHH.SI HeT HHKa.KOA: 60JIee cepseeao nplflIHHbI .llJIJI COtIHHeHH.SI
2
M)'3LIKB .
HapBAY C X.OpOBbIMH C01JHHeHIDIMH, HenOCpe.llCTBeHHO HarmCaHHLIMH Ha zryxos
HLle TeKCTh[- Jauchzt vor Gott (,<J1m<yiiTe rrpen rOCnOIlB, 1989)" Annanya
(1990), Co<!J"cii ry6aiiJlYnHHoii aanacaasr cnenyromae npoaasezieaaa llIDI xopa:
KaHTaTa Hoxs S MeM4lHce Ha TeKCTLI H3 rrpesaeeranercxc JDlPHKH B nepesone
A. Axxaroaon a B. ITOTaIIOBoii (1968), oparopas Laudatio pacis (,<XBana MHP)')
Ha cnoaa >l. A. KOMeHCKOro B COaBTOpCTBe C MapeKOM KOneJIeHTOM H llaym.
XaiiHueM ):\HTP"XOM (1975), ,<!IoCBJI1IIeHHe Mapase Ilaeraeaoro (1984), Aus dem
Stundenbuch (<<fb 'lBCOCllOBB) Ha,cTHXH P. M. PHJIbKe (1991), Laudai (1991)"
Teneps scerna cserax Ha craxa F. Alim (1993).
QHKJI Teneps scerna caerai (edetzt immer Schnee I Now Always Snow) ,ll;.IDI
xasrepnoro aacaM6ID1 H KaMepHOrO xopa Ha CmXH feHHa,lJ;IDI A:iirB: aarracarr ,UJUl
fOJIJIaH.llCKOrO 4leCTHBa..J1JI (1993), 'lITO 01pa3HJIOCh B 1pOii:HOM HaJBa..HHH npoasaezre
HKH Ha pyCCKOM, HeMeUKOMH aarJIHitcKoM Jl3hIKax.3.
.Ilosr ieHHa,I:tHit Aitrn, synarn lIO Hao;HOHa.JThH0CTJ:I, 6JIH30K iy6a:HJIYJIHHOH no
.uyxy H 110 cy):{b6e: .SI naeao 38MeTIIJI8, tITO H3 era CTHXOB nonysaro HMIIYJILC K TOMY
JlYIIICBHOMy eocroaaaro, B KOTOpOM HaxO:>KY BhIXO.ll B caMhle BbICOKHe Ha
xana MHpa4. Eme B 1972 roJIY Ha era CTHxH aarracana IUlKJI P03hD)
}vu[ conpano H 41opTenHaHo, a B l 993-M - IIPOH3Be.lleHHe (W: rrpasrraecrao s n01IHOM
l XOJIon06a B. if. CoepH.II Moaorpaesrsecxoe Hccne110BaHHe. Hrrrepasro C. f"y6aA
.cymrnon I 3. - M., 1996. - C. 102.
1XOJIOn06Q B. H. CoepIDI. - M., 1992. - C. 4.
) H)')KHO OTMenrTL, 'iTO HCnOJlHeHHe coapeaeaaux CO'iHHeHHJi Ha pyCCKOM 'BLIKe, a reM mt
aaxaa - Hesacroe .lIBJ1eHHe aa py6eJi(OM.
, '
C. f"y6aAD;yJIHHa, A. rtspr. B.tCHJ1LBeCTpOB. EyKJIeT Broporo Meacryaaponaoro epecnmaJl.ll co-
BpeMeHHOn M)'3LIKH. Mocxea 2-8 esapra 1995 ICOCT. C. H. CaBeHKo. - M.: llp0JJ;lOCepCKiUI eplipMa
B. JlY6POBHQKOro. 1995. - C. 16.
146
paarape )l;IDI BHOJIOHlIeoo If CHMqlOHHlIecKOrO OpKeCTp3, Ha3B8HHeM KO
TOpOTO nOC.JI}')KWI3 CTPOK3 M3 CTHXOTBOpeHHg r . .A:i'rrH.
KaJ( TOlJHO 3aMCTHna B. H. Xononosa, Ha CTlIXH noera nOBJIHJlJIa aoacnraa My
3b1Ka, B oco6eHHOCTH - Be6epH3 e ee naysasm. BnelJaTJleHHS OT M)'3LI
KH Be6epH3 cxaaaancs B JlaKOHlftIHOH, nyaHTHJIHCmqeKOH MBHepe CTHXOCJlO)KeHWI
Ara, B OTCyrcTBUU npOCTpaHHLIX paccyscteaa, aanpasrep:
Omxyoa 60nb?
)J(eJlauue He 6blmb?
HJlb uuozoa MbZ 3UaeM.:
CaMa JV) Kpacoma.

(<<P03a B ropax M3 IlHKJIa P03LD
06pa3LI OT,n:eJlLBLIX D03THlfeCKHX CJIOB Mm oseas apxae, If B C01JHHeHWIX Fy
6aHAYJlHHOH, HBnHC8HBhIX Ha CTIIXH n03Ta, acerna OJ.D;yIII:3ercg CTpeMJIeHHe BLDlBHTh
KOJlOpHT enon. Eem.m CTHX AHm BeCLMil nonxonsm JVl'I M)'3f>IKaJ!I>HOrO anrepnpe
THpOBamuI
1
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<1>. Taanepa, Ha xoropiae HaIIHcamJ CO<tIHHeHWI ry6a.iiJlyJIHHOH, Illaarxe If ,l.{eIDlCo
Ba), lJeM MeK&We craxorsopeaae <<lIOCT, OC'I'aBIDl'l na cTJl3HHIl.e MBoro 6enoro npo
crpaacraa, TeM 6om..me maHCOB y Hero ){IDI MY3L1lCaJ1J>BOrO
craxa, BLlpa3HTem.H3.lI nyHK'I)'So;BS: orcyrcrsae TOqeK
II 3aIUlTbIX, BO aamrsae npononrapyiourero rape, pHTOpWleCKHX ,lJ;BOeTO'lJlIH H H3
pemca BOnpOCHTem..HIdX H BOCICJIH:u;aTeJThHbIX 3HaKOB, - 3TI1 oc06eBHOCTH n033HH
r. Aii:rn npH,IJ;aIOT 3HatIHMOCTb II BLlpa3HTem..HOCTh KIDK,llOM)7 cnosy. IIpBBe,n,eM JCl'I
npawepa HalJaJIO I qaCTH:
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o KC1K MO:JICHO 6blmb maKOU mUU/.UH01O?.
E10 - MO:JICem 6bzmb - II oKpy:JICeH KOK 6e3MOJl6UeM
ITo )KaHpy COlJ:HHeHHe ry6aH,njrJllIHOH MO)l(HO Ha3BaTb xaararon. OHO COCTOHT H3
nsra -racre, COe)J;HHeHHLIX attacca., lITO npanaer n;mcrry :u;em..HOCTL H aepaapsrs
ROCTb. KOHipaCT secrea npesote scero ,n,paMaTYPl1flIecKH1t: npospasao-paspexeaaas
I lJaCTL - TLI MOJI THIIIHHa - BBO.llHT B H3bICKaHHLIH 3BYKOBOH neH3IDK. II lIacn, KaK
H IV-JI, HOCHT Ha.3BaHHe 3anHCL: APOPHATIC (<<anoepaTIAecKHib> 6YKBaJ1J>HO 03
aasaer OTpM:u;aTeJILHI:.tib. II xacrs, nocne npeaeryrnecraeaao xopoao I-H, 3ByqHT
aHTHTe30ii - sro )KeCTl<oe aacrpyaerrramnoe HHTepMeUUO, nepexonsmee B Hppe
aJ1J>H)'lO aTMOCepepy Ha'lJ3JIa :u;eH1'paJ1J>HOH III sacra llHKJIa- Teneps scerna caera,
Ha epoHe 3aCTLUIoro caescsoro neibIDKa nocrenesao pa3BOpallHBaeTCJI OTpH
narensaoe 1f3 npemnecrayiome sacra:
o Boe Onsmv Cneea
KOK MO:JICem 6blmb I/.mo ecmb
a HO npoeepxy Hem
o KaK mpynbl ecmb u Hem
o eoae Mynnxc-Cmpana...
I Ha craxa r. ARrH uanacaaa sasrara B. CHJJI>BecrpoBa .JIecH8.K Mj'31>11<a.
2 Les/e L. Menschsein in dieser Welt (Edison Deniscvs Requiem von Hamburg NOR urauf
gefilhrt). HHoCTpaHHaJl. kOMHCCWl CCK. Ilepeeon.
147 ((TErlEPb BCEr.[\A. CHE.fM C\XlKH fY6AAJlYJIHHoA
Hapany co rp8HL Me)l(Jly CHOM H XBLIO Haqa.JlbHLlMH CnOBaMH sac
TH: KaK CHeZ Tocnoos lImo ecmb u ecmb lImo ecmb cNeza Kozoa oyzua ..,mo ecmb
cneea oywa u C8em)) 0TpHllaTe1I&HOe cany, CTIll{OBRC-L 3nOBeIIUlM H YCTpa
ecms RUK maKOU My.n.Jt:C ..,mo 6yomo ecmb cmpaua lImo mbMa - U - HUK
Gnoxa mpyn - maKOU))...
IV 'tJ8CTL, OTKllbIBaJOlI(axCJI pesararme, BO MHOroM 06:bHCHJleT CMMcn npOHCXO
namere B npe.Il&UJYIlT;IIX qaCTJIX:

a 6blJla 6bl HO..,b 3mozo wupa
ozpOMHa cmpaWHa KaK Focnooe - Ne - Omspumui;
maKJI10 6bl
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6Kpa11JleHbL 6 mbMY3moii HOlJU 3eMHoii:
cmpatuuo-npocmas
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11 KaJ( MOJIHTBa 6e3 CJIOB, nepexoztsmax B BOIIJ1b OT'laJIHWI, 3B)"IHT
nOCJIe.n;yroII:(Hii aa peqJITIU{Heii: 80KaJIH3 xopa H opxecrpa: nocreneaaoe aacnoeaae
rOJIOCOB )J;OCTHraeT npenensac TOtIKH -/ffH 06pLtBaeTCR, KaI< KpHK o MHJIocep,lUlH H
COCTpa.llaHHH )I(ep1'B penpecca, KOTOpLIH HHKor)J;a He 6LDI YCJIlillIIaH... 06PbIB JIHHHH
BOKaJIH3a CMCHSlerCR OCTpLIM, aKIleHTHpOBaHHbIM pHTMOM .o;yx:OBLIX. Ilocneztaa
)J;paMa11f'iecmit acrrrrecx - cnerax xopa H 3aBbIBa.BIDI tutti opxecrpa - npopsraaer
COJIO nzraap. XOpaJI 3aTeM TaHHCTBeHHOe sul ponticello CTpYHHb1X, HC
nOJIL3yeMoe B I qaCTH, aoaepamaer Hac B MHp neIDaJKHOCTIl.
V qaCTb O na: pO.n;HHID> C HeCKOJILKO HaHBHLIM TeKCTOM:
6blJla KaK Ry:m:aUKa-cmpaHa
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mQM 6blJlU 6epe3bH/sembl
u cepoue-oums
3Byq:HT npoapaxao H II01JTH 6ecreJIecao H3-3a OTp:bIBHCTbIX 4JPa3 COJIHPYIOJ:lJ,HX TeM
6P08 COIIp8HO, TeHOpa, 6aca H OJlHHOKOit: CKpHIIKH. M 3aTeM. KaI< BOCnOMHHaHHe, no
KBIDIlOTCR aasansmre, rJIaBHLIe CJIOBa I 'lJaCTH: rsr MOjl THlIIHHa, Ha epOHe KOTOPblX
paCTBOpHCTCjl nOCJIe..lJ:H'jlSl crpoipa TeKCTa.: .
U C.nYZUaJlU - 6blJlU
lImo ..,ucmoma cxaocem eROSOM eOUHbW?
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B KIDK,ZJ;oit eacra MOX<HO Bbr.n:eJlHTb KJIIOqeBl:de cnosa, aanpassep, B I qaCTH - 31'0
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Ha IIOnyrOH aaepx H nonyron BHH3 OT OCHOBHOrO 3B}'Ka dl KaK
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l nOpa:3HTeJ1bH)'IO CXO:lKeCTb OCTlfHaTHLIX IfHTOlf3lU1H - Kp}'JKeHWI aoxpyr 3ByKa d - MOCHO OT
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149
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HaM saepx OT 3B}'Ka B (u. 88-93), npHBO}lllllleMKKJIaCTepy
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CQCe)l)lHX ronocax, xorzta H3 yaacona sepxaait ronac ,llBH)I(CTC.sJ Ha nonyroa asepx H
aacrsraaer Ha 3TOii: mesormcjt uanpasep, n, 81-82 ill qaCTH (Ilpa
MCp 4).
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60;;, 2 KJIapHeTa, Tpy6a, 2 TpoM60Ha, CTpYBH1>Iil KaHHTeT (no O,ll.HOMY
acnonaaremo), O,llHaKO pacmapeaa yp;apHaJI rpyrma: 16 roaroa, 2 TaM-TaMa, BH6pa
4l0H. KpOTaJIH. 6 4lneKcaronoB, 2 napsr -raperrox, JIlITaBpLI, TpeyrOJILHB:K. Cosaaeaae
HaIIHeaHO .rvm CMemaHHoro xopa, rne KaJK)l;aJI napras pa3p;eIDICTCJI Ha meCTL rOJIO
COB, rrpa 3TOM npaKTHQeCKH KIDK,lJ;LIii XOpHCT CTaHOBHTCJI COJIHCTOM. nOTOMY lJTO B
anaaonax C divisi KIDK,lJ;Lrn neseu HMeeT eBOIO .JIHHHK). B ill lJaCTII OCHOBHy.fO MliICJI&
nepenaer l MLT, a B 33k.II1OtIBTeJILHOH V xacra - TpH nepBLIX COnHpyroI.IJ;HX ronoca
H3 napraa conpaao, ansra H 6aca.
Cpena HCnOJIHHTeJILeKHX Ha nepBLIH IlJIaH B:E.I,D;BHraeTeJl oeaoeaae pHT
MHKH npOH3Bep;eHIDl. :KOTOpa5l BO MUOroM. TaK )Ke KaJ( H HHTOHan;HJI, 06yCJIOBJIHBaeT
CJI n03TWleCKHMH crrOB8MH: npHMeIDllQTCJI paanasnste BH,IJ;LI TpHOJIeH. KBHHTOJIei'i.
pHTMWleCKHe rpyrmaposxa 8:6, 7:9, 8:9, 10:9,6:9,4:3,4:6 H T. .ll., a T3I0Ke
3HTeJIbHIDl': PIfTMHKa, xorna enona npmI3nOCHrCJI HJIH nponeeasorcs CBo6o,UHO, HO B
pa.MK3X onpeneneaao plfTMHtleCKOH 4loPMYJIlJ. CM., aanpaseep, I lJaCTL, n, 5, co
npaao 5:
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):{pyryro HCnOJIHHTen:LCKYlO np06JIeMy npep;CT8BJllIlOT co6oH: p831llPiHLIe
npoasaomemre TeKCTa: Sprechgesang C onpenencaao H neorrpenenerrao araeoroa,
nenae C npH,lJl:JXaHHeM H T. n.
OlJeH:E. HHTepeCHLIM npaseeposs HCnOJIHemrn cosaseaas, Ha HaIII nsrnan, CJI]')KHT
3aIIHCL H3 r01UIa.H,lJ;HH C nen;OM ReOHHP;OM CTaCOBLIM, H HH
p;epJIaHnCIGIM Ka.MepHLIM XOpOM non ynpasneaaea p;e RHHHsa (1993),
rnc 3apy6e)KllLIe HCnOJIHHTeJIH npexpacao CnpaBHJIHCL C npOH3HO
meHHJI pyccxoro 513LIKa napany C scnaxonenases HHTOHHpOBa.HHeM H aHCa.M6rreMI .
l POCCHAcKWI npevsepa npOH3Be.neHIDi COCTOJOlaCb 2 aapra 1995 rona, ncnonnarena - KaMepHblll
xop MOCKOBCKO!t xoacepaarcpaa (PyKOSOlI,H1'eJlb B. TeBJ1HH) H ancaagm, Cry,l1HH HaBoR MYJblKH MO
CKOSCKOH oncepsaropaa (,I1HpIDKep.- H. ApOHOB). B .naHHOM acnonaeaaa npexpecao eonno
urena .npaMaryprKli CO'lHHeHH.II. H BLTRBJ1eHhI TOJ-NaHWHe xpaexn 60raTOH nanarpu HapTH1Ypl..I ry6aH
.nynHHoR.
150
Xopoasre C04tHH ry6aWJlHHOii
Hoxs B Meenpace, KaHTaTa AmI MeUllO-COnpaHO, M)')KcKoro xopa (Ha MaI'HHTO
i}>OHHOH nnenxe) li opxecrpa Ha rexcru H3 npeeaeeranercxon nHpHKH B rtepeaom,
A. AxMaTOBOH HB. Iloranoao, 1968.
Xaana MHpy (cd.audatio pacis), oparopaa Jl.JUI corrpano, ansra, reaopa,
sreaa, nsyx csremaaasrx XOpOB il opxecrpa B 9 -qaCTXX Ha CJIOBa .SI. A. KOMeHCKora
(lIOCB. IOHECKO) B COaBTOpCTBe CMapeKOM KOlIelIeHTOM HIlayns-Xaaueu }:(HT
pHXOM, 1975.
Ilocsamenae Mapase ,nIDI xopa a cappella Ha CTHXH M. UaeTaeBOH
B 5 -qaCTXX, 1984.
Jlaayre npen Focnona (<<Jauchzt vor Gctt} Jl.JUI cuenraaaoro xopa H oprana,
1989.
AJIJIHJIyHm> ,ll1Ul xopa, opxecrpa, oprana, COJmC'Ta-,lUI.CKaHTa li UBeTOB:EJX npoex
TOpOB (B 7 qaCTJIX), 1990.
113 'tJacOCJIOBID> <Aus dem Stundenbuch) Jl.JUI BHOJIOH'leJIH, opxecrpa, M}')KCKoro
xopa li pexararopa Ha CTHXH P. M. PHJThKe, 1991.
Laudai ,ll1Ul ansra, renopa, 6apHTOHa, xrena, xopa H opxecrpa, 1991.
Teneps scerna cuerar (<<Jetzt immer Schnee 1 Now Always Snow) Ha CTHXH
r. Akr-a nnx KaMepHOrO BHcaM6ID1: fl KaMepHOrO xopa Ha CTHXH r. MrH, 1993.
rHMH C01IHIlY Ha CJIOBa <I>pBHIJ;HCKa Accascxoro (<<Der Sonnengesang des Franz
von Asslzi) ,Il,JUI. BIiOJIOnqeJIll, cxenraaaoro xopa, ynapaerx H senecra (nOCBHllleHO
70-nenoo M. POCTpOlIOBnqa), 1997.
PeKOMeHJJYeM8S1 JJUTep8TYP8
C. ry6aJlll}'lIHHa, A. Ilapr, B. CHm.BeCTpOB. ByJOIeT Broporo Mexnyneponaoro
iJ?ecTHBaJISI eOBpeMeHHoH M)'3b1KlI. Mocsaa 2-8 MapTa 19951 ABTOp TeKCTa-
C. H. CaBeHKo. - M.: Ilpomocepcxaa IjJHpMa B. )l,y6pOBHUKoro, 1995.
C. r. Kaaxerra, T. Cepreesa, C. BepHHcKHH, A. ByCTHH. ByJOIeT
Tpersero Mecezryaapormoro iJ?ecTHBaJISI eOBpeMeHHoH M)'3bIKH. Mocxaa 7-12 anpena
19961 ABTOphI rexcra - C. H. CaBeHKO, JI. C. rHH36ypr - M.: Ilpomocepcxaa IjJHP
Ma B. )l,y6poBHUKoro, 1996.
Poocoecmeencxuii r. H. - M., 1989.
Xononoea B. H. COIjJIDl HCCnenOBaBHC. HHTep
.blO C. ry6aJl.z\ynHHoH 1Pecmauio 3. - M., 1996.
Xononoea B. H. COIjJIDl ry6aJlll}'lIHIla. - M., 1992.
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aste npoH3Be.ueHIDI 3aHHM3lOT 6oJJLwoe li MecTO. TIpaxrHlIeCKH Bee XOPO
aste CO'lliHeHIDI KOMJJOOIITOpa cpaay ace HOCJIe aanacanaa 6blJIH HCnOJIHeHbJ sezty
lllliMH XOPOBbIMHKOJlJJeKTHB3MH POCCKH li H3BeCTHOCTh.
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HHH sran xapaxrepasyerca npoacaeuaess CTHIDi, TBOplIeCKOR 3peJIOCThJO, seacrep
CKHM B1Ja.neHHeM KOMJJ03HTOpCKOH TeXHHKOH li CBo6o,ll,OH Bb160pa Bblpa3HTem.H:&JX
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aHI"eJI) - nepnoe npoaaeeneaae KOMIl03RTOpa J1.IDI xopa, HMeJOIIlee .uyxOBHJ1O aa
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nOOb, OH e mo u umo eMY yKa:JK:em, ino OH C01Tl8opum. Bom aueen! OH 8
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l/.amb))3. 06Pa3HOCn. COlJHHeHIDI Ilfenpaua 06yCJIOBJICHa conepaeanesc rrOBeCTH PYC
cxoro IIHCaTeruI. CaM DbIK npoasaeneaaa HHI<on85t. CeMeHOBH':Ia neCKOBa (1831
1895) npOH3BeJJ CH.JILHoe anexarneaae Ha KOMJJ03HTOpa H BbI3BaJJ 60JJLWOH HHTe
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UHii Fpcxaaasosa, qaHKOBCKOro H PaxMa.HHHOBa. KpaHHHe "IaCTII UHKJIa OCHOBa.IlLI
Ha rJI3BHOH aHreIIhCKOH 'resre, H, eCJIH I sacn, C.JIj'JKHT OCHOBHoro
KOTOpa.a B TOH8X.. TO B 3aKJIJO'tJBTeIIhHOH
'!JaCTH reesa aarenai paasopasaaaercs K ropxecraennoay npOBe.ueHH1O Hafff. Cno
BaMH K :nHM lIaCT.HM rrocJIY)KIDl8 KJTIQ1;JeBaJl CTpOKa Jlecxosa: ((AH2eJl Focnooen,
nponutomce cmonbZ meOR ClMO:JfCe XOUWWu!5, y Illenpmra cnOBO emonu sasreaa
, XOPOBblM CO'UUleHlUlM P. II.J,e,lI,pHHa nocaameaa CneI..UiaJIbHaII Ilaucoe Kl. H. Xop B
TBOpqeCTBe PO,lI,HOHa II.J,el1pHHa: Hccne110BaHHe. - M . 1992. ilO3TOM)' B l1aHHOM ovepxe Mbl aarpara
BaeM nHW& HeKOTOpLIe aorrpocu.
2 Ilaucoe K), H. LJ;HT. CO':!. - C. 13.
l fJeCK.O(J H. C. Peccxaasr H noacra, - M., 1982. - C. 95.
4Ilaucoe 10. H. LJ;HT. ces. - C. 164.
5 Ileccoe H. C. LJ;HT. CO':!. - C. 78.
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TIoBeCTh Jlecxosa Sarresarneaaer aaren - npexpacasr npaaep nyxoaao
np03!>I - npoaaasraaer MeH CBJITOCTH, 'tlHCTOThI, mo6BH K CBmDIIDfM H KpaCOTe
npHpO,IJ,bD>, OTpaJKeHHOH B TBopeHIDIX npeaaax MaCTepOB-H30rpa$OB.
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XpHCTHaHCKHX necaoneaaa li CBlIpeJILHLIX aaarpsnne, conpOBO)f{,L(3I01IJ)iX aprens
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xoposoe coxaaeaae a cappella, Bl>I,llep)KaHHOe B lJYXe npaBOCmmHOH M}'3hIKH, no
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pex 3BYKOB. KOTOpaJI nO.srBIDIeTCH B I xacra, p33BHBaCTCJI K V-ii, rne pac
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crpaaaaz rrpocrpaacraesaoe pemeaae npOH3Be.uCHHC (mUIeHHe - p33BepTLIDaHHe
y.u8JIeHHe 3By<iaHIUI CBllpeJIH).
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neHIDI yrscpzrarracs Ha PYCH B3.upeBJIe, a C BBC)l;CHHeM XpHCTHa:HCTBa 3aHIDIa seny
uree nOJIO)KeHHe. KpOMe TOro, ysarsraas TOT <paKT, tqO ,B IIpaBOCJIaBHOM xpaae aa
npcmaercs 3BytIaHHe M}'3LIKa.rIl>HLIX HHCTpYMeHTOB, Tpa,lJ.HIJ.HH xoponoro neHHJI a
cappella nOBJIH.IIJIH Ha BCK> pyccxyio M}'3LIKY, BIIJIOTh)l;O H<UIDfX )];HeHI.
B caoe nOBCCTH JlccKOB YK33LIBaeT 3arJIaBJU:,Ie CTpOKH HeKOTOpLIX necnonemr,
aanpaxrcp Bo-roenom, H 1IBHJICJI HaM (llI rJIaBa)2, xoropsre HCnO.m.3}'lOTCJI Illeztpa
HLIM BO II 'lJaCTH WUCJIa. O,UHaKO KOMII03HTOP B XOPOB}'lO M}'3LJKY CTpOKB
H3 06HXO)l;a, Tpaozraoro senaxonocraoro muma H CJIOBa KaHOHa .AH.upeJI KpHTCKoro
,1T._ ? 3
<V-V.LLI.C MOR, BOCCTaHH, 'lJTO CIIHIIIH... .
Illenpaa B CBoeM raopsecrse K npoae HeO):J;HOKparnO - B
Biopoxparaane, MepTBLIX zrymax, <<l(a3HH Ilyrasesa, O)l;HaKO 3anel:laTJIeHHLI:il
anrem 3aHHMaeT ocofioe nOJIO)KeHHe Cpe.D:H 3THX npOH3Be)l;eHHH KaK COqmfeHHC .uy
XOBHoe. li HMCHHO rryxosaaa nposa nOBJIeKJIaaa C060H MerpopHTM:HqecKyK>
OpraHH3aIJ;HK> TKaHH 3ane'lJaTJIeHHOrO aHreJIID>, - npoaaseneaae OCIIOBLmaeTCJI Ha
npaanxne CB060)l;HO-MerpHt::leCKOH BOKa.rIl>HOH npocozraa, XapaKTepHOH )lIDI 3HaMeH
Horo pocneaa. O Ha.JIHt!HH 3aKOHOB TeKCTa pOCIIeBOB, B.JIH.lIK)lI{HX Ha Merp, rracan B
cepezraae npomnoro sexa A. et>. ]h,BOB (1798-1870) B CBR3H C H3)l;aHHeM nonaoro
xpyra necaoneaa 3HaMeHHOrO pOCIIeBa B l:IeTL1pexrOJIOCHOH rapMOHH3aIJ;HH:
3aKOllbl 3mu KOpe1lJlmCR Ile (J MY3bZKaJlb1l0U <jJopMe, a 8 Cl1MOZO mexcma...
3a6Jly::coQ10mCR me, xomopue OYMaJlU npueecmu 3mu uaneeu ncnueii 1/epK8U 8 eou
IIbui matan, u mpyo za MOZ cnocoticmeosam pQ38e YMaJlellU10 xpacomu u peuu u na
neeas". 3TH CTpOKH nOpa3HTem.HO CXOJKH e MLICJ1I>K> Jlecxosa lI3 Sanesarneaaoro
aarena, xorna aarnaaaaaa e 6YMa:HCKOU OKIIOM cmosms XOOWZ, u 8Ce 1I0p08UJl,
Iim06bZ Ila lIomy uause znacoeanue 3aMeliamb..., 110 8Ce 3mo y neza, pasyueemcn 8bZ
J Hasansaoe 06pa.:30BaHHe Illenpau nOJl}"lHJ1 B MOCKOBCKOM roCYMpCTBeHHOM XOpOBOM yuana
me. H npaaepeeauocrs KOMnOOHTOpa K XOpOBOMY )f\aHPY BO MHoroM 06'bllCWleTClI ere K
MHpy M}'3blKH, xoropsrn, no CnOBaM KOMn03HTOpa. evy OTKJlbIn xop - rrepasre MHHYf'hI BD;OXHOBeHb.ll
11 acrrsrran HMeHHO BO BpeMJI neaaa B xopeo (flaucoe JO. H. I..Vrr. CO'!. - C. 7).
2 Jlecsoe H. C. I.J;HT. CO'!. :t-.C. 72.
l Ilaucoe 10. H. I.J;HT. co-r. - C. 166, 172.
4 Jlseoe A. f/J. O CB060Jl.HOM H HeCHMMCTpHlfHOM pHTMe. -CIT6, 1858 - C. 13.
------------
PO.Q110H mWHH. XOPOBAJI MY3LlKA no H. C. JIECK08Y (i3AfIE'lATJlEHHh]R AHJC1D) 155
XOOWIO na opyzou ZUmblJlb, nomouy IImo 3mozo neHWl, pacnOJlO;)ICellHOZO no KplOKaM,
1108010 3ana01l01O 1I0molO 8 coeeptuencmee YJlOBUmb lle803MO:JK:1I0I.
Cnezrys 3aKOHaM TeKCTOBOro Me1pa, Hlezrpaa n01JTH He 0603HaQaeT pa3Mep,
TaKTOBble xeprsi OnpaHH'lJliBaIOT aepasaonnarensnae M)'3LIKa.JThHl.le q,Pa3bI. E.D;HH
CTBeHHoe }'K8.3aHHe Me1pa 22 ecrs B aa-rane VII qaCTH- <<,D;a HCnpaBHTC.SI... 2. Eme
. O)lHO:A XapaKTepROH veprc cranasarraa npesnax pocnenos CJIy.lKBT 0603HaqeHHe
.llJIHTeJII.HOCTeH naprrrrypst>- Bee norrrae ,llJIHTenI.HOCTH 0603HaqaroTc.SI <o BMecTO o'
B KpynHOM nnaae q,opMa IUt:lCJIa Sanesarnenaoro am-ena 'rpexxacraa: 3Kcn03H
umo COCTaBJLllK)T nepssre TpH qaCTH, B KOTOpbIX nOCTeneHHO pa3BepTbIBaeTCJI
a.HreJIbCKaJI reaa. BTOpOH paanen 06'Le,llH:HJleT serape u,eHTpa.JThHLIe qaCTII (IV
VIT), KOHTpaCTHble no CBoeMY eO.uep)KaHHIO, - :;lTO pan 6H6JICHCIGIX CIO)KeTOB li
q,parneHTLI MOJIHTB: IV 'UlCTh - npenerenscrso HYJlbI IT nCCKOBa 0,llHH 11:3 aprens
msxosnpenan H3-3a nener), V - cona CBHpeITH (MO.iKeT Bhl3BaTh-aC
COl.UUllUIH C 3ITH30.uOM CTpaHCTBaH B rroacxax HCKYCHOro H30rpaq,ai, VI - 3TO rroxa
5IHHaJI MOJIHTBa,-VIT - coeaaaaer nae TeMhI-06pB.3a: <<,Aa HCrrpaBHTCJI MOJIHTBa MOR Y
COlIO nacxaara (onan H3 repoea IIOBeCTl{ - 6narOqeCTIlBMH OTPOK Jlesoaraa) H eno
Ba H3 KaBOHa Aanpea KPHTCKOro (rJf.yzae MOR, eoccmanu; IImo cnuULU? Koneu npu
6Jl1DlCaemCJl u UMGUlU CMymumUCJl, 80CnpRlIU y60, aa noiuooums me Xpucmoc. B
KOHU,C qaCTII HCnOlIHHTe.JU, ua CBHpeJIH, HI'paJI, YXOlUiT sa cnexy, Tpera paanen 00
CTaBJIJIIOT Vili li IX xacra l),HICJIa. CMbICJIOBaJI H .upaMa1YPrgq:eCKaJI KYJIhMHHaI.{HH
COtIHHeHHJI rrpHXO)l;HTC.SI rra VIII xacra - MOITHTBy Orxe aam, .zumaMHtIeCKHH naa
IIB.30H KOTOpOH OT pppp ):(0fffff. 3aKJIK>'lJHTeJIbHaJI IX xacrs finaronapx B03BPa.IIJ;CHIDO
aarenscxo TeMbI apoxayro CB.SI3I. CI qaCTLIOIl.HKJIa;
B COlJJIRemm BId,lJ;eIDDOTCJI PM JIeHTHHT<;maqHH, aarrpaaep,
l MOTHB-peljJpeH Hcraanos", KOTOpLIli I, lli, VllI H IX vacra (Ilpa
Mep I).
2 rJIaBHasI aarCJThCKaJI reaa, 6Jrn:3KaJI 3HaMeHHoMy pocnesy, npOXO.lJ)IT B II.
lli, IX qaCTJIX (TlpaxrepZ).
3 TeMa <<,I:(yme MOJI BQCC'I'3HH Ha CJIOBa K3HORa .A1I):q)eg KpHTCKoro, KOTOpax 3BY
'IHT B lli VII 'IaCTJIX (IlPHMep 3).
MOJKHO BI.UleJIHTh PM xopoaoro rmCI.Ma B 3aneqaTneHHOM aare
ne Illenpaaa:
1. ,llHaTOHlAeCKHX nOCTPoeHHH H XOpam.HO-KOHCOHaHTHloIX C03BY
lllit!;
2. nnasno-nocrynenaoe ,llBH)KerrHe ronocos, COqeTalOm;eCCJI C IIDfPO
KOro MenO,lJ;H1=leCKoro pacnesa aarorrapyesnax c:nOB, npa KOTOPOM crnensasre CJIOrH
, Ilecxoe H. C. U.HT. COli. - C. 72.
1 BepOgTHO, -rrc B acnonmrremcxo rrpaxraxe xopoaste H neauu WD1 eve
Ta, B nonrax TaKTaX 0003Ha<t:8JOT paauep B napnrrypax, nanpaaep, 6
1
, 8
1,
11
2,
\ H T. JI..
] TIo CnOBaM Illenpuaa H3 nporpaMMbI KOHUepT8 18 HKIID1 1988 rona, Ha J:COTOpOM anepaae HC
nOnJUUlOCb npOH3BeJl.eHHe (KOHUCp11lLIA 3aJ1 HM. t{aAKOBCKoro, I'ocynapcraeuasr KaMepHbIA xop,
llHPWKep B. MHmrn), <mpRMWX CIO)KeTHbIX CBg3eA: C mrrepatypHbIM HCTOllHHKOM B rrpOtOBe,l1eHHI1
ner, HO )Ke, 3HaJf noaecrs Jlecxoaa, Y CJIYWaTeng uoryr B03HHKH)Tb aCCOUHaTHBHlde 06paJLI.
4 I1HTepCCHO OTMeTHTh, 'ITO Monm-pCtPpeH I1CTHHHO, OCHOB8.HHLIA: Ha HOBTopeHHH axeopna D
dur, B COtlHHeHHH I.l.(ell.PHHa nepexauxaerca C 3aK1UOtlHTeJlbHbIM <tAMHHh)) (KOTOPblA: H oaaaaaer B ne
pCBO,l1e ({,[{a OY,l1eT TaK. MCTHHHo)B. Koxuepre ,!UlJI xopa WHHTKe H H8lfilJIbHblM AMHID.ll B
Op8TOpHH ,[{eHHCOBa (Cl1eTOpWl )KIDHH H caepra Focnona namere Hacyca XpHCT3)l. KOTOpblC -raicse
OCHOBaHbl Ha nOBTOpeHHH 3TOro asxopna.
OlJEPKOJ1HHHAJJ.UATbll1
156
paCT.H:rHBa.roTC.Jl Ha HeCKOJIbKO 3BYKOB MenOJlHH (a npe:>KHHX COt{HHeHIDIX
acrrom-syer rrpHHUHII pa.J3HOrO KOJIHtIeCTBa HOT H cnoroa )laJKe B Me)lJIeHHbIX 'resrnax,
aanpresep, I1ecHR BeqepHIDI, PYCCKHe nepeaaz, Ka3HL TIyraQeB6 Hnp.);
C _.'
3. noosepenaoe npoaeneaae TeMbI B pa3HbIX XOpOBLIX napTIDIX (B 60JILllIHHCTBe
CJIrIaeB B cpenaax ronocax - y reaopos HJIH aJlhTOB B OKp)')KeHHH KOHTpanyHKTH'lle
CKHX no.urOJlQCKOB eaepxy H eHH3Y). xoropoe xapexrepao JV[JI nyreaoro poenesa',
4. rrpasreaeaae XOpOBLIX nenanea (HCCO'HOB) Ha fJHlBHLIX CTyIIeEUIX nana (8 TOM
xacne TQHHYJeCKOrO opramroro rryaxra).
Bee YKa3aHHLle npaexn co-raneaae Illenpaaa co CTHJleM npeaaepyc
. 2
CKHX neCHOHeHa:H . O,IJ;HaI<O aapany e HUMU KOMn03HTOp llpHMeIDIeT PM BLIpa3H
Tem.HbIX epeneta, xapaxrepasrx )lIDI 60nee n03,IJ;Heii HCTOpWlecKoH 3IIOXU:
l. glissando np" nepexone 'OT onaoro asxopna K ztpyrosry (IV l:J:aCTL, U 30);
2. tremolo: IIpHKpLlBaJI " 0TKpLlBaJI pOT II"J!OHLIO ad libitum (Ill qaCTL, 1\. 20);
3. nO.JJ:BpHTMWJecmepaccnceaas B xopoaoa lflanype B D;. 28, 36 H 40 IV tIaCTH,
rne ,lI;BH)KelillC y conparro H TenopOB COtIeTIleTCH c nym.CBp)'101IlHM
opraHHLIM JIYHKTOM y am.TOB - BOCLMlo1MI::I, ay - TPHOJIMlf:,IMH l:J:eTBCpTXMH
(TIpHMep 4);
4.. HcnOIID30BaHHe M3l(CHMa.m.RO B03MO)KHOrO BLICOKOro aayxe, neKHe-KpHK
(IV qaCTL, 1\. 42, T. 4) (IIpHMep S);
Sa. npHMeReHIDI 3lfllfleKTa 3Xa, lIoJlo5HO KOJIOKOm.HOM)' 3BOR)': B
OnHOBpeMeHHO B3JITOM axxopne :lKeRCICHe ronoca H reaopa saysar nOlIOBHH)' raxra, a
6acLI div. in 3 - BeCL TaKT (IV sacrs D;. 35);
56. TOT)Ke rrpaeu CYJlapOM B lIa,l{OHH H Hor-OHo 1I0JI (IV sacrs, U,. 39);
6. reppacso-naaascrsecxae nepeIIaJII>I Ha OI\HOM 'B}'Ke ({-p, ff-pp, JJf-ppp) B
VI xecra;
7. l{CIIOnb30BaHHe Pa3JIHlffiL1X CHHKOII, axuerrroa, sforzando, nrrpaxa staecato (He
xapaxrepasrx ,lVIX rrpaaocnaausrx nccaoneaa).
TaKHM 06pa30M. 3arretIaTJIeH.HLIH mrem) Illezrpaaa He TOIILKO aacnenyer TPa,nH
U,HH PyCCKOH P;YX:OBHOH My.3LIKH: OT 3HaMeRHOrO pocneaa no eOtIHHeH:Hii A. I'pesa
HHHOBa. n. tIecHOKOB3, BUK. Ka.JIHHHlIKOBa, C. PaxMaIDlHOBa, HOH npOJlOJDKaeT paa
BHTHe CTHJIeBbIX sepr xopoaoro ITHCLMa caseoro P. Illeztpaaa.
XOpOBaJI MY3LIKa 3mel:J:aTneRHLm aaron 110 H. Jleexosy -)'HHK8JD:tllLIl1:
BOllnOm;eHIDI KOMn03lITOpOM aCCOJlHaTHBHO-06pa3HLlX cBH3eif .nyxOBHOH npossr B
XOpOBOM COtIHHeHHH.
I Ilyreaoa pocnea CBOC aaaano B 3HBMCHHOM pocneae. B03HHK B rrocnenaen seraeprn
XV sexa: BepWHHa ero p33BKlIDI- KOHeu XVI - I-R nOJI. XVII BB. B02-ii nonoaaae XVII B. rryre
BOH pocnea aa-ran BbTXO,llH1'E. na B03MO>KHO. 'ITO CB'l3b necaorreuast C ABIDKeHHeM (BO
rracxansaoro xpeCTHOfO xona, npx llIeCTBHH Ha HCTO'IHJ{KH) Ha npa3AHHK EOroRBJICHIDI. BO
BpCMR TOPlKCCTBCHHOro BXO,lJ,a nyxceeacraa B arrraps) onpenenuna H caao ero Hil3BaHHC. Haorna rry
resort pocnea aepenoaanca CO 3HaMcum.1M H,lJ,CMCCTBeHHblM. CM. 06 3TOM: M)'3bIKaJIbHaR 3HLlHKlIonc
JUUl.. T. 4. - M. 1918. - C. 491, a TaK>Ke M)'3bIKaJlE.HO-3HU.HKlIOnC,IJ,K'lCCKHIt enoeaps. - M. 1991.
C. 447.
, '
HCKOTOpE.le H3 nepeaacaeaasrx npaeaoa OTMeQCH!t1 10. H. naHCOBblM BKHHre Xop BnJOp'lCCT-
Be POAHOHa Illenpaaa.
157 POLtHOH I.UE.llPI1H. XOPQBAJI M!r'3bIKA no H. C. JIECKOBY n3ArIE'IATJIEHHb!H AJ-U"EJI)J
Xopoasre COQHHeHHJI POJJ;HOHa IIJ;eJlpHH3
Xopu u xopoeue rfU1CJlbl
!lBa xopa Ha CTHXH A. C. IIymKHHa, 1950.
HBa, aaynrsa (XOpOBWI <\Jyr-a), 1954.
'leTL!pe xopa Ha CTHXH A. Taapnoacxoro, 1968.
tIeTLlpc xopa Ha CTHXH A. Bosaeceacsoro, 1971.
Pyccxae nepeana no CTHXOTBOpeHIDQ W. X a p a a p o s a , 1973,
CTPO<\JI.I EBreHHJI OHerHHa>, no A. C. IIymKHHY, 1981.

Ka3HL Ilyrasesa, XOpOB3j( n03Ma no 4lpan.t:eHTaM McTopHH Ifyrasesa
A. C. IIymKHHa, 1981. .
KOHuepTHHo JlIDl csremaaaoro xopa a cappella, 1982.
Sarresarnearrsr aaren, XOpOB3j( MY3LIKa no H. C. Jlecaoey, 1988.
Kanmamno-opamopuanenee npoU36eOeHUJl
Bropoxparaena, KYPopTHaJi KaHTaTa )lIDI conacros (corrpaao, MeUUO-COrrPaHO.
TeHOp, 6ac), xopa H opxecrpa B lO-TH qaeTJIX Ha reKCTLI HHCTp}'Kll;HH .UJUI OT,UDIXaIO
mHX B n3HCHOHare Kypnarsr, 1963.
Ilosropas, KOHI:(epT )VISI rr03T3. :lKeRCKOro ronoca, eMeW3HHOrO xopa H CHMq,o
HHqeCKoro opxecrpa Ha CTHXH A. Bosneeeaexoro, 1968.
JIeHHn B cepmie HapOJlHOM. oparopas )lIDI COJIH.CTOB xopa n opxecrpa Ha na
pOJIHI.Ie enona, 1969.
Xop HCnOJIL3yereg B onepax He TOJJLKO mo60BL (1961), MepTBLIe JJYIIIH})
(1976), ,JIOnHTa>' (1993).
PeKOMeB)J;yeM3H JlHTep3TYpa
Tpueopseea r. B. PyCCKa>l XOpOBWI MY3bIKa 1970 - 80-x rOI\OB. - M., 1991.
Jlecxoe H. C. PaCCKa3LI HnOBeCTH. - M., 1982.
JIb80, A. <1>. O CB060JIHOM a HeCHMMOTp!f'IHOM paTMe. -'CII6, 1858.
Tlaucoe K). H. Xop il TBOp'leCTBe POI\HOna W;eI\PHHa: Hccnejroaaaae. - M.,
1992. '
TapQ1<QH08 M. E. TBop'leCTBO POI\HOHa W;eI\PHHa. - M., 1980.
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Stabat mater AJreMJlapa Kaparaaaoaa
J1clQlccmeo, oyx, MblCJlb uenoeeuecxas - monsxo OHU
cnacmu MUp, npomueocmosm eceuy
WUmeJIbHOMY... JI UCKO/I 502tJ u HQUleJI eeo- ,aeucmeu
menbHO Hawen - 6 C60eu Al)'3blKe.
A. KapllM
aHOB
B IIJIeH,lle COBpeMeHHllIX KOMn03HTopoB Anesurap Ca6HTOBIPI KapaMaHO
B
(p. 1934) 38HHMaeT oco6oe MeCTO - MeCTO OTllIeJIbHHKa, KOTOpOMY qy)l(}l:a cyeTHOCTh
xpyrrmax roponos. OKOH'illB xoacepaaroparo H acnHpBHT)'J'Y
1963), nocne aanperos Ha HCnOJIHeHBe H CBOHX coqaHeHHJ'I
CTO.JIHue KOMII03HTOP B 1965 roJJY npHHHMaeT peureaae B03BpaTHThCH B
l.
CHM4leponom., r,lJ.e OH JKHBeT H nOHW:le TIo CBHJJ;enmbCTBY caeeorc KapaMaHOB3,
orsean 83 MOCKBbI 6Lm pemeaaea, IIOCJIaHHLIM CBLllIIe: Bee, -rro nanryr o Moea
6LITOBOH HeyC1poeHHOCTH B MOCKBe, 3,[(eCL RH npa 'qeM . Bo MRe szrpyr B03HHKJlO
BOT no BOBoe. J.[ nOqyBCTBOBan KaK}'IO-TO BOJIHY, )KHByIO crpyio; OHa BOCKpeCH1IO BO
MHe TO, 'lJTO 6LIJIO y6HTO, nana fiearpaaamryro B03MO:>KHOCTL COYDfIDITb ,lJ.aJIbme,
c6poCH.JIa see crapste rrerra, OCBo60)J;Hna K tIHCTOTe MOH MY3LIKaJIbHDIH BKYC, rroztas
JIeHHLm MO,llepHH3MOM... J.[ nonsn, tITO B MOCKBe MHe AMan., C06CTBeHHO, 60JILUle
aesero, tITO 60JIbwe H CMOry CAe.JIan. TaM, B npOBHHlJ,HH, XoTH li: nOJIOMaIO
CBOIO xapsepyx . 3T0 pemeaae BO MHOroM IIOBJIIDmO Ila TO, lITO M)'3LIKa- KapaMaHOBa
MHorne rona B 3a6BeHHH. B nacrosnree apexs HMX KOMII03HTopa pKe
nrapoxo H3BeCTHO, O)J.HaKO ero MY3bIKa no-npeeaeey 3ByqRT pe.u;K03.
A. KapaM8HOB 38JIBHJI o ce6e K3K o Jl:pKOH B He3ayps.n:HO:H: JlWIHOCTB eme BO ape
Ml{ o6yqeHIDI B MOCKOBCKOH KOHcepBaTOpHH. TIo CBH,neTCJIbCTBy cecrpsr KOMD03RTO
pa C. C. KpblJlaTOBOH, B ry nopy MHorne nperroztaaarerra KOHcepBaTOpnH npOHBJVJJIH
o TaJIaHTJmBOM cryneare: pexrop KOHeepBaTOpRH A. B. CBeIDHHKoB 3aK33bI
Ban eMY XOpOBlIIe eoxaaemra ff CTaBRII HX B upmaep, KRK xoponrae 06p33IJ;hI COBpe
MeHHoro XOpOBOro IIHC,&Ma, a HeKOTopLIe rrenarora (xoaesno, aHOHHMHO) nOMoraJIH
Kap3MaHOBY xarepaansno, BHJl,JI, I<3K OH H}')K.l{aJIeR. Heeaorpa Ha JKH3HeHHLIe He
B3rO,D;IoI, roztsr, rrpoaenemrsre 'B CTeH8X MOCI<OBCKOH I<OHCCpBaTopHH, HMeJIH 60JThwoe
3HalIeHHe MH KOMH03HTOpa. TIo ero CJIOB3M, K HeMY <mpHmJIO BCe - BcH 60JILWasr
M)'3bJI<a 3eMJIH. TIO.llBlIJIOCb erpesereaae H K MY3LIKaJIl>UOMY xonepay...4, yBJIeqeHBe
JIYHJl:lKH HOHO, 5.lHHCOM KCeH8KHCOM. M KaP3MaHOB B aasarre 60-x rO,lJ,OB BOwen B
CaML!X xpKHX COBeTCKHX aBaHrap,ZJ;HCTOB, XOTR asanrapnasr nepHO,lJ. 6bIJl
He,llOJlrnM - e 1962 lIO 1964 rOlll>I'.
I Eonee nOllp06HLl:e 6Horpaqul"lecKHe eaeneeas 06 A. Kapaaaaoae CM. B crarse: XWOTlo61O. H .'
AyrcaiiAep cOBercKoR'My3PIKH: Aneanap Kapaaanoa /I M}'3l>1Ka H3 CCCP. BblrI. L - M.,
1994. - C. 120-138.
2 UHT. no: Iloneoneea E. AnmrpH$ Hlnt noCJIaHHe? O raopaecrae AJreMJJ;apa KapaMaHOBa II My
3b1Kam.HWI aKalleMIUl. - 1996. - N!! 2. - C. 4-5.
) Cno)KHf,dt H MHororpamn.dt XYllO)KecmeHHL1M MHp A. Kapaaaaoaa " em 3CTeTHtleCKHe B3rJUlJlbI
6blJlH npencraeneasr A. C. COKOnOBI>IM II rerreeaaaonaoa rrporpaaae MY3b1KA HHKormITQ) (341HP
09.04.1995).
4 XOJlOTl06IO. H. l.(HT. CO"!. - C. 121.
j C03118HHble B 3TO BpeM.ll xaaepasre CO'lHKeHIDi, TaXHe, xax Ilponor, Mucns K 3miJlo
m
ana
$oprenHaHo (1962), MY3bIKa.D)VI 4l0prermaHo N!! I H N!! 2 (1962), Ibm, npemona H AeB.llTHBJJ.Uan.
soauepraax $yr (1964). npeDCTaRJllDOT OC06blH mrrepec, aene HMeHHO mm nana ocnosaaae CQJiT3Tb
KBpa:MaHOBa OllHHM 10 spxax rrpencraaarene pyccxorc aaasrapna 60-x ronoa.
OlfEI'K)lBEHAJU1ATbJI1
160

Cnenyronra nepnon TBOp"leCTB3 A. Kapaaasoea e 1965 rona orsreaea rroaopo,
TOM OT n,ueH aaaarapna Ha nyrs penaraosno My3:EJKH, no caanerenscrayer 06 Hc
KaHKXX KOMTI03HTOpa B J()'XOBHOit: 06naCTH. TIo CJIOBaM KOMTI03HTOPa, B npOTHBO
nOJIOJKHOCTb aaame 6HOJIOfHqeeKOH eline, fiopsfie aa cymecraoaaaae ecre II npyras
cnna - .l106pOTa, ryMaHHOCTh. scnoaexaocre. JKH3HI:. ecrs p,yx. TOJILKO OH npOCBeT
MeT li .ZI:en:3eT ueaosxy :>KH3HH scnosesecraa 6ecKoHelffioHI. Kapaaaaoea, npaso
cnaanoro XpHCTIUUUm3, BOJIHYer He TOJILKO XpHCTHaHCTBO B DIHpoKOM
CMLIcne, HO H Bee penaraa, rrpauees KOMTI03HTOP y6e)l(,l(eH B HX ezrancrae.
K 1965 roxy KapaMaHOB XBJUleTCJI aBTOpOM 10 eHM4lomdi, 2 6aJIeTOB, XOpOBEJX
UHKJIOS", 'KaMepHo!i MYJLlKH. B noerrczryrorrrac rona PeJIHI1UI H ee DHCaHHH CT3HOBRT

CH nOCTOXHHOH nporpasoaoa TBOpQeCTB3 KOMIT03HTOPa, KOTOpoe 0TPIDK8JIOCI:. B MO
rYqHX CRMqlOHHtleeKHX iPOPMax. B 1965--66 ronax coarraerea ,lleeSlTHllaC"J."llbIH eax
q,oHIflecKHH I..\HK1I Coaepuramaes (nonace H33BaHHe - COBepIIIHIIIae.ll, BO cnaay
EoI)' BO HMH Foenona Haeyca Xpn:CTa2; 3TH enona BC1peQaJOTCH 'raxace H Ha TH
TYJIbHOM JIHCTe enenyiomero COllHHeHIDr KapaM8HOB3 - Stabat mateo. Bnocneztcr
BHH necaravacrasi I..\HKJI npsseer san aersrpcx CHMq,OHHH (c ne tIe
T:E:Jpna;maT)'lO). Mx rtporpaseaa H H33BaHIDIllaereH OCHOBbIBaIOTCH Ha TeKCT3X aersr
pex Eaarrrexa, a B XOpOBOM q,1ffi8Jle (e ysacraex COJrnCTOB) HCn01Ib3yercH 'reKCT
3
117 I1ca.n:Ma .
Ilocnenysonrae aa Coaepnranracs coxaseaas Kapasranoaa - Stabat ma
len, (1967), TpCTHil: KOH[(epT = q,oprerrmlHo e opxecrposr Ave Marias (1968), Pe
KBHeM ThITH3,lJ;IlaTaH-lIIecTH3,lJ;IlaTaH CHMq,OHHH Et in amorem vlvificanterru
(1974) - npe.nCT8BIDIIOT e.llHH)'IO CBsr3aHHylO C KaTo.JIBlleCKOH TPa..zI:HL(HeH,
XOTH 3T'j CBH3b MOJKHO H33BaTh HeCKOJ1bKO ycnosao. Hanpmrep, H33B3HHe <!l0PTe
fiHaHHOrO KOH:[{epTa <tAve Maria, no CnOBaM KOMTI03HTOPa, HMeeT<<,ZlOBOJIl>HO aJIJIe
ropaxecsa xapasrrep.i. 3TOT KOH:Il;epr - npeeaee eranercxce BLl3bm3HRe ir.0)K,ZVI..
Ho, KOHetIHO, 3TO lJYXOBm.m .n0)K,n;&.. 3TO MOJIHTBa o EO)f(beii: MHJIOCTH, o BeJIHKOH
finaroztarn, KOTOpaH .noJDKHa CHH30Hrn C He6a4. C01ffiHeHHe Stabat mater, no CBH
.neTeJILCTBy C. C. Kpl>IJIaTOBOH, aaasane 6bInO H31IHCaBO 6e3 JIHTepaTYPHoro TeKCTa,
rroaac KOMn03IITOp 6bIn o-reas no KaHOHlflIeCI<IIH f"HMH nononrerr K
ero My3blKe. O,IJ;HaKO PeKBueM (1971) H 3a.ztYMaHHaK KOMII03HTOpOM Mecca' ..lIBJU{KlT
CH llHCTO KaTOJllilleCKBMH )f{3HpaMH. li KOMII03RTOpa K KaTOJ'IHl3:ecKOH
rpammaa on CaM 06'b.llCIDleT rrpesne acero cTPeMJleHHeM BOnnOTHTb cao
CHM<!lOHH3M))6. )KaMP - crepscaeso nna scero TBOplleCTBa Kapaaanosa,
H MbITnneKH.lI JlBJUlCTCH rnaeaoa oe06eHROCTltIO ero TBOplleCKoH
JIHlffiOCTH. tITO )Ke KaC3eTC..lI npaaocnaano M}'3LlKB. TO no CnOBaM Kapassaaosa,
COBpcMeHHOMy KOMn03HTOpy OlleHb Tpy,IJ;1I0 B ace BOHm... Flpaaocnasaoe 6C?rocrry
)f{CHHe raxoe ccofieanoe, a My:3LIKa B neM HaCTOJILKO lJHC'IaJI H OC06CHH3JI ... tIafu<OB
CKOMy H P3XMaHmIOBY no ynanocs, HO H 3TO HC HCnOJIh3yercH BO BpCM.SI CJl)'JK6bD)7.
Ha HaIII 3TH cnosa Kapassasoaa 6JIH3KJ1 BMCK33bm3HIDIM CTpaBHHCKOrO (CM.
l XOJJono(J 10. H. QKr. CO'l. - C. 125.
2 ((COBepnIHWaCJm _ nOCJIe.QHee XpHCTa Ha pecre (HH.; 19:30).
) B .QeCRTH'laCTHOM CHMepoHH'leCKOM W\KJ1e :ITO .QeBJITa5l vacre.
llOJJbOJleeQ E. I..{HT. CO'l. - C. 9.
5 O Mecce KOl,m03HTOP ynovxaaer MHOro paJ,HanpHMep, JI nporpaaae (Ko1l.llErHYM MY3HJ(YM)
pa.aHOCTaHUHH (sejl)'WHH - E. ,[b'.QHH, 1994), B C E. Itomnaeao. CM. 06 :ITOM:
Ilonsoseea E. Um. ces. - C. 8.
6TaM )Ke.
, UKr. no: Te(JoCRH A. T. Orxpoaeaae H 6narOBeCTBOJlaHHe Aaeesrtapa Kapaaaaoaa II My.3LlkML
HU >Kll3HL.- 1990. 17 . - C. 9.
161 (STABAT MATER ArIEMJlAPA KAPAMAHOBA
Ol/epK emopoiiy, KOTOPbIH He nacan Ha npaBOCJIaBHbIC TeKCTbI H3-3a TOro, tITO B npa
BOCJlaBHOH uepKBH HC .IJ;OnyCTHMO aaysaaae HHCTp}'MeHTOB. a CTpaBHHCI<aH Mor BhI
HOCHTh rreaxe 6e3 aKKOMnaHeMeHTa JIHIIIb C npHMHTIiBHOH rapMOHHeH (a He C TOH,
xotopyro CaM).
rnaBHhIM COqHHeHHeM CBOeH: :am3HH KapaMaHOB CqHTaeT meC1.1f'lIaCTH:EJl:I CHM4l0
HlflIeCIillH UHKJI ELiCTL (1976-81) Ha TeKCT H3 AnoKaJIHnCHca. B saaexae Ha HC
nomrenae IJ:KKJIy 6bIJIO A3HO H npyroc H33BaHHe - TI03Ma Ii nOA38rOJIOBIill
TIma TIyrXMH CBepmeHHH, TI06e.ne p0)f(AeHHbIH '.
CHM4JOfiHH Kapassaaoaa, no MHeHHIO 10. H. XOJIOn08a, - 3TO cxopee CID.liPoHH
xecxae MMCTepHH, BbIcTp8.HBaeMPIe orrepaoro ana. xcropsre npHHHMaIOT
4;JopMY Cu;eHH':IeCKOrO OHR TalOKe 6JIH31ill CHM:410HKJIM Manepa, rne qaCTb
COCTOHT KaK 6bI H3 HeCKOJIbKHX ceKD;Hit. MHorne npDHUHlIL1 CDM:l!JoHU'IeCKOrO
Mwm.nemUl sramna enoe crpaxeaae H 8 XOP08bIX COt{HHeHIDIX Kapaxaaoea. 118Me
ere C TeM, B 8hI6ope M)'3bU<:aJIbHOro scarepaena 8 C8010 osepezrs 0Tpa3HJIOCb BJIHJlHHe
penama, O 'ieM CBH.UereJIbCTByet caerrrsr xapaxrep KapaMaHOBCKOH M)'3bIKH H Ha
npaaJIeHHOCTL Ha rrpOCTOry-BOCDpIDITIUI, HAYmYID, BepOSITHO, OTnyxoeaoro cnoaa.
B rapMOHJtqeCl<ol1 cfjlepe CQtffiHeHH:H: Kapauaaoaa C 1965 rona
npHHI:J;lUlLI peemapeaaoa TOUOJIbBOCTH. CMcmeHHe na,UOB (MIDKOpaIi MHHOpa), no
JIHrapMOHJfl:IecKHx u:aCJIoeHH1t, erro, 6e3YCJIOBHO, H8CJIeA)'eT -rpananaa rrosnaero
pyccxoro POMaHTH3Ma - PaxMaHHHOBa, CI<pSl6HHa. 10. H. XOJIOnOB OlMeTHJI aaac
HYJO oco6eHHOCTh B CTIU1e Kapassaaosa, - 3TO pona cxemeaae MIDKopa H
MHHOpa B O.llBOBpeMeHHOCTH, Kerna 3JIeMeHTLl MHHopa B"DITHBaIOTCJI B ciJlepy M8
)KOpa B xasecrse ncrromraremeoro OKpaIIIHBaJOmero 3JIeMeHTa2. CaM KOMlI03HTOP
Ha3LIBaeT 3TO 5IBneHHe nornornerraew MHHOpa, - OTCIOAa H caerrrsr xapaxrep CO
1IHHeHHH KapaMBHOBa cHMfjleponOIThCKoro nepaona,
Oparopas Stabat mateo> .umr OOJIlICTOB (COlIpaHO, ansra, renopa), xopa H opxe
crpa zrerracaaa B 1967 rorty. 11 XOO.sI, KaK yace rOBOpH1l0Ch. saasane 6E>l1Ia co-raaeaa
.JllIIIII. M)'3hIKa, <<IIpHcoeJtRHHBII:IHHCsD> TeKCT nponnan coeztamrrerrs
HYJO sepry OT Stabat mater crpororo CTHJU1. )l(ocKeHa .n:enpe, TIarreCTpHHbI, KaRTaT
CKapJIaTl1l. Flepronesa, rrocnerryromax Ka.HT3ruo-opaTOpHaJIbRLIX cotrHHemdt Mo
Il'PTa, raiiJlHa, illy6epT', a narree YJKe xoaneprasrx HeJIHT)'prnqCCKHX lKlllIJlOB POC
CHHH, ):lBOplKllKa, JlHCTa, Bepna H llHTOpOB XX sexa - K. 1lIHMaHOBCKOro, JI. OepK
.lIH, Ilyneaxa, 3. KOAM, K. Ileanepenxoro... pyccworc KOMn03HTOpa K
)KaHpy KaTOJIH1!eCKOH M)'3b1KH BllOJIHe eCTCCTBeHHO no }"Ke ynOMHHaBmeHCJI rrpwm:
He - CHM$OHH3arnm M)'3&IKa.JIl,HOH TKa1Ul. O,llHaKO 60nee BIDKHOii npe.n:noCLIJIICOH
C03Jl.aHIDI .lla.HHOH oparopaa HBIDIeTCJI nepsoaasansasra cmicn Stabat mater KaK cex
rrpe,llH33Ha':IeHHOH K np_83,[{HHKy Ceeor Boroponarrsr, Be,llh EO)l(I,JI
Mareps - sacrvrnrana POCCHH, H OHa rroxaracrca B pyCCXOM npaaOCJIaBHH
KapaMaHOB, ropmo mo6RBIJIH:tt CBOIO Man, nOCBHTHJI eH 3TO coxaaeanc.
fHMH Stabat mater', Ha.n:HC8.HHLm B paaesepe xopeasecxoro -rerpaaerpa (crnxa H3
4 MeTpW:leCKHX enaaan), coeroa-r H3 20 CTpOiP-TepUHH'. HarroMHHM nepsyro crpoqiy;
l o CHM/flOHWIX Kapaaaaoaa CM. B WIT. asuue CTaTMIX Xononoaa II TeBOC.IIHa.
2 XOJlOnOB 10. ll. U;RT. COq. - C. 125.
3 .
Bo MHOnoc. JlCTOqHHKa>c, B TOM 'IRene B M)'3bHC8JIhHotl: 3HQHICJlOne.lUlH (T. 5. - M., 1981.
C.249) aBTOpCTBo crnxOTBOpeHIDI (nn.ma) Stabat mater He Yka3LIBaeTC.II. XOT.II 0110 npHHaAJ]e)KHl'
j{KonOHe Aa To.lUl (OK. 1230-1306)- HranUnCKOMY noary, acrynaauressy B MOHaWeCkHA Op.QeH
eppaHI.I.HCKaHQeB, H 3aTeM aa BblcrYrmeHIUI nporaa naULI EOHHepaQHH VITI ornyxeaaoay OT QepKBK.
CM.: jIKonoHe na TO.QH ff COBeTCKaJl 3HHHICJlOne.QH.lI. Ih.Q. 3-e. T. 30. - M., (((;OBeTCK<UI 3K
UHIUJOneJV{.l[)), 1978. - C. 481.
162
O'lr."PKIlBEHJW4ATb1R
Stabat mater dolorosa
Juxta cruzem lacrimosa
Dum pendebat filius.
,!(paM-aTYPf1flIeCKOe IIOCJIe.uOBaHHe crpodi TeKeTa opranasyer KOMII03HU;HIO opa
TOpHH B n;eJIOM. l 'tI3CTh Stabat mateo> KapaMaHOB3 RBJUIeTCJI rrponoross IIOCJIe)J;)'lO
mero pa3BepTLIBaHIDI My:n.IKa..n:DHbIX Opraarrsra rryHICT, CT3TIfl1eCKaJI na
npR:lKeHHOCTh. pacKp:EJBaroIIJ;aJlCR HHTOHaIJ;HOHHaJI 4lHrypa XOpOBOro BOKaJIH33 .n;y6
JIHPYJOID:aJlC5I B opKeCTpOBOH TKaHH, c6JIHJKaIOT 3TY 'lJ3CTh e rrepBLIM HOMepOM
Crpacre no Martpeio 11. C. Baxa. (I1pHMep l).
U 'lJ3CTh. BKJIIO'lJaIOlIJ,3.lI l, H 2 crp041LI xaaoaasecsoro TeKCTa, - sro serstpexro
JIOCHaH XOpOBaJI 4lyra a cappella, TeMa KOTOpOH Ila CBoeMY CKop5HO-./lP3
M3THl:IeCKoMY xapaxrepy HanOMHH3eT aa-rano rIIaBHOH napraa l 'lJ3CTH Illecrca
CHM$OHHH 1JaiiKOBCKOro (Ilparaep 2). 3Ta Q3CTh eJ(HHCTBeHHaJI HaIIHC8H3 5e3 IIO)l
)lCpJKKH opxecrpa, Ee HCCKOJILKO CTpOrnH H aCKeTIflIHLm xapaxrep 05YCJIOBHJI IIO
3TIflIeCKHH TeKCT - tra-tano rrOBeCTBOBaHOO o CKop6JIX EOropO.u;H1.U>I.
B CaMOH Macmra6HoH III l:JaCTH oparoprra rrpOHCXO.n;HT pa3BePTLIBaHHe (<)];eH
CTBID>; B 3TY sacrs BXO,ltSlT 3-16 CTpO<pLI TeKCTa, H, COOTBeTCTBeHHO, l:JaCTL COCTOHT H3 .
HeCKom.KHX CeK1lHH. Ilosrasecxa TeKCT ill 'lJ:aCTH nemrrca Ha zma KpyrrHLlX paszte
na: 3-8 H 9-16 C1pOljJhI. B nepaosc - OUHCbIBalOTCX C1pMaIlliJI BOlKLeii M'TOpH, a
BTOpOH Pa3.neJI - no Mom.5a K Boropomme C 5LITL cOTIpHl:Ja
CTHLIM ee ft KpeCTHLIM MYKaM cc esma. Hal:JaJILHCUI crpoxa 9 CTp041LI: Eja
mater fans amortsl (Bnaeas Mamb. ucmOllHUK mo65U!) HBJUleTCSI e.zumCTBeHHLIM B
0p.TOpHH p.'1HTaTHBOM c0JlH]lYJOII\ero TeHopa(Il. 50).
COOTBeTCTBeHHO, ill l:JaCTL oparopaa COCTOHT as zreyx 501ILITIHX p(3)leJIOB (n, 19
46 H 47-71), KOTopLIe B CBDlC oxepezn, .neJUlTCSI Ha cexnaa, COOTBeTCTB}'lOJ:IU{e C1"pO
<paM TeKCTa. B 3TOA l:JaCTH Ol:JeHL KOMn03H'IOpa C nareperyp
HLIM HCTO'IHHKOM, aanpmaep, B HeKOTOpLIX ceKUHJIX OH rrepssre )];Be
C1pOKH CTpOljJhI H ITpHcoe,!\HHXeT K HHM 1peTLlO B xasecrse 3aKJ11O'IeHllJi (Il. 23-28); B
npyroa cnysae rrepssre ztae CTpOKH nopyxaiorcs COJIHp}'lOII:UIM roJIOCaM, a TpCTLSI,
OJlHOBpeMCHHo, - xopy (Il. 29-34); B ll. 68-69 ill '1'CTH 14 H 15 C1pOljJhI U03TH'1eCKO
ro TeKCTa rrpOBO,llRTCH B xope KaHOHOM, npHl:leM y BepXHHX rOJIOCOB - 15 c1"p041a
(virgo virgium praeclara...), a y HH:>KHHX - 14 (juxta crucem tecum stare...), H B U;. 70
xopossre ronoca CXOJ(SITCg B 16 C1"po41y (fac ut partem Christi mortem...)2.
IV l:J3CTL, BKJI1Ol:JalOIIJ;aJI 17-19 CTp041hI KaHOHHlIeCKoro 'IeKCTa, Ta10ICe COCTOHT H3
HeCKOJILKHX cexmc. DHa 06paMJIeHa rrOC1"poeHHCM, B OCHOBe xoroporo JIC>KHTTeKCT
17 C1pOljJLI. KOMn03HTOP rpexcrposayro crpodiy:
Fac me plagis vulnerori (a)
cruce hac inebriari (b)
ob amorem filii (c)
B cnenytomyro ljJopM)': ab ab ab CC C.
1 Crp04n.1 no TpH CTHX8 6lotnH pacrrpocrpanerrsr B 3aHBJlHOeBpOneHCKoR n033HH XII-XIV BeKOB.
Hanpnaep, TaK sarmcaaa <<DO>KeCTBeHHWl KOMeAHH ,lJ.aHTe. _
2 TeKCT, Ha KOTOpblA nHC8JI KapaMaHOB, HeCK01TloKO OTmIllaeTCSI OT rrepsoaaaansao KaT01TH'le
cKoR CeJ<BeHUHH Stabat mater. O<tCBHAHO, KOMn03HTOp HCn01Tb30Ban TeKCT ID CO'lHHeHIDl Ileprone
3H (1710--1736), B KOmpOM {il- H 15 crporpsr nOMeHHlfbl MeCTaMH, a TalOKe B CaMOM TeKCTe ecrs PM
OTnHtlHH OT rrepsoaasamaoro sapaaera ceKBeHUHH. (O ceeaeanaa Stabat Mater CM. B KHHre: Fparo
pHaHC1\HR xopan: C6. Ha}"-lH!>IX TpYAOB MOCKOBCKOH r-ee. KOHcepBaTOpHH. - M., 1998).
163 ((STABAT MATER AnEM)J,APA KAl'AMAHOBA
I10CJIe npoapaanoro IUiCTp}'MeHTaJILHOrO aarepaeuno cneztyer
COJll,HLrn arraaon, B kOTOpOM HCrrOJIL3YeTcSI 19 crpooa nosrasecsoro TeKCTa. KOMno
3HTOP nepecrasnaer CTP0<jJLI MeCTaMH (18 H 19), TaK KaI< 19cTP0<jJa no CMLICny npo
J!OJDKaeT 17-10 cTP0<jJy:
Fac me cruce custodtri
morte Christi praemunirt
coafoveri gratia.

B BOnJIOm;eHHH 18 CTpOtfiLI saxonsr oT06pIDKcHHe nOJlH<p0HHt:leCKHe <pOPMbI CTa
PIDIHOH My3bIKH: HMHTaUHOHHOe BCT)'lIJICHHC XOpOBLIX roJIOCOB OT HH3KHX K aepx
HRM nepenaer CMLICJI rexcra (U. 83):
Jnflammatus et accenbus , Bocruavennennuu u eozuecennuii
perte. virgo, sim defensus, paou Te6fl, Ilesa, 6yoy 3alljuUjeH
in die judicii. 6 oeHb CyOHblii.
Ilocnezryromee pa3BepTLIBaHHC 3TOH HHTOHaIJ;IUI
J
corrpaaeaaoe C nepeJIHBa.MH
TeM6pOB ap<p, ePneKr, KJIapHeToB H CTpYHHhIX, Ha OpraHHOM II)'HKTe
D-dur, C03,l\aeT CBeTJIOC onryrneaae 6e36pc:lKHoro Emtc:eCTBeHHOrO CBeTa
(ITpHMep 3).
I10CJIc.z:I:HIDl V -racn, Ha cnosa 20 CTpO<pL1 noene rrpocaerneanok IV qaCTH 3ByqHT
,lijJa.MaTIf'lHo, MOJKHO CKa3aTL, ,l\IDKc HecKO]JbKO natera-rao. (Hazto OTMeTHTh, 'lITO B
KapaMaHOBCKHX My3:LIKa..JILHbIX rrOJIOTHax IIO,l\o6HaJl: rraTeTH'tIHOCTh, CBSl38HH<lj[ C pc
mrm03Ho-.uyxOBHbIMH 06pa3BMH, oseas opraaasaa.) 3aKJllO"IBTe.m.m,lC, KYJII,MHHa
D;HOHHhIC enesa KaHOHHt:ICCKoro TeKCTa B oparopaa Kepeesaaoea:
Quando corpus morietur
"fac ut anime donetur
paradis; gloria. Amen.
IDHUllOTCSI arorox, nO,ItrOTOBJICHHI:o!M pa3BHmCM BCCX rrpermrecrayromax -racre:
I -raera - nponora, II t:IaCTH - CTaHOBJleHHH, III 'sacra - paaseprsraaaas, IV qaCTH
npOCBeTneHWI. TaKHM 06p830M, cPHHa..n:I>HaJl: V vacrs npenerasnaer C060H BbIBOJ{,
i<OTOPLrn npHBO,llHT K. cBoeo6pa3HOMY xarapeacy, My3:LIKa..JILHOMy osxmeamo.
I1epBaJI crpoxa CTpO<pbI nOBTOpHeTCSI rpaacur, rronroraanaaaa cpcmm:iI 3nR30J{
rHMHWlCCKyID TeMY, Ha'tJ.lmalOJIU'IOCH y corrpaao COJIO (D;. 98), KOTOP)'lO 3aTeM non
XBaTbmaJOT xop H tutti 0pKCC1'pa. I10CJIC ,IlHIIa.MHqCCKOrO enana CJIC
.n;YIOT ,l\pa.MaTWleCKHe HHTOIIaI{IIH aasana aacra co CJIOBOM amen. TPH nOCJIc)JlIHe
npOH3HCCCHIDI sroro enosa asmenseorcs - 3TO craxaioutae JIa.MeHT03Hh1e xo
poasie B3,l\OXH: dest-e', H)')KHo OTMCTHTL, 'tfIO nOJ{o6HaJI HCyCTOii'illBaJI mITOHa.I\1UI
cnosa ({a..MHHb B 06m;CM He xapaxrepaa }:{IDI UCpKOBHOH rrpaKTHKH, B 60JIbmHHCTBe
CJI)"laeB amen - sro yrBepJK,lJ;eHHC, KOHCtIHB.5I TOlJKa. B Stabat mater Kapaaaaoaa
aroeru) (<BOHCTHH)', na 6Y,l\eT TaK))) - 3TO exopee paCTBOpCHHe B EOX<:CCTBCHHOH
MHJIOCTH.
B cparopaa Ha BHHMaHHe 0603Hat:ICHHH TeMIIa (H, 6e3YCJIOBHO,
xapaxrepa): B I qaCTH - 3TO fargo appassionato (erpacrao), BO II xacrn - andante
dolorosa (rresarrsao), B IV-ii -largo devoto B V-it: - grave lacrimoso
(cKop6HO, co CJIe3a.MH); TeMIlbI III qaCTH - largo misterioso (TaHHCTBCHHO) adagio
lamentoso (>KaJI06HO, parnas) lento supplice (yMOJIIDl), andantino con passione,
andante lacrimoso H T. n.
B Stabat mateo>, KaK H B npyrax BOkaJIbHO-XOPOBbIX CO"IHHCHWJX Kapasaaaoea,
BbI)J;CJIJlCTCH JIPKO 3aIiOMHHaJ01QaHC.sr MenO,l\HK3, KOTOpB.51 qpC3BbllIaHHO BO
KaJIbHa If <<yJ{06HID> ,UJUl: ronoea. BL1p83HTeJILIlOCTL Kapa.MaHOBCKOH MCJIO,UHKH m.t:CeT
164
O'lEPK,QBEHAJlLlATblll
eBOH KOpHH H B aCKeTWlHbIX HHTOHa.Ilmrx IIOJIHepomm crpororo CTHJlll (CM. II xacrs),
H B KOJlOKOJll,.HhIX ocraaarnsrx nepesaoaax (CM. HatIaJIO ill qaCTH), Ii B UIHpOKOM Me
JIO,ll,H3Me B zryxe pOMaHTHKOB (U. 37 III sacra). MeJIo)l;HKa, KaK BaJKHl>IH acneer My
3bIKaJIbHOrO X3:DIKa, aaeer oseas 6oJThI.IIoe aaeaerrae B BOCnpHJrIlm M)'3i:JKaJIl>HOrO
npOH3Be,lleHIDI KaK ,[(IDI CaMHX HCIIOJIHHTeJIeH, TaK H' rom errymarencfi. li B 3TOM OT
HomeRHH oparopaa Stabat mater Kapassaaosa oseas nOKa3aTeJThHa no KpaCOTe H
BbIpa3HTeJThHOCTII HHTOHauHii. Cowaaeaae nO.l106HOrO pona rom HC
I1oJIHHTeneii, OHR He fionsnroro KOJIHqeCrna peneramnt, - H)')KHO Beera He
CKOm.KQ qaCQB, 'tlTo6LI B aeROBROM Tpa,n;H:U;HOHHO-TOHanbHLrlt: M3TepHaJI.
OJlHa.KO B M}'3l:JKe KapaM8HOBa eCTL 6oJ1I>maJI onacaocrs (npH6JIH3HTe1IIJHO Ta )Ke,
tITO H B npOH3BeJleHIDIX pOMa:J;ITHKOB - Bpaaca, tIa:tiKOBCKOro, PaxMaHH
HOBa) - MaJIeHuntii HCIIOJIHHTeJThCKHti nepern6 B <<BI:.lpa3H'I"eJThHOCTII Cpa3Y
perer orrenox BI>J!I}'pHOcm.
I10pa3HTeJlbHO, ere XOpOBaR M}'3LIKa Kapassaaosa ;u.o cax nop He BXO,l(HT B perrep
T)'ap eeaorax KOIDIeKTIlBOB POCCHl:I, Be;u.b HeT cOMHemd:f: B ee asrcoxo xy;u.O:>KeCTBeH
IIOCTH H KpaCOTe. Hnrepecno 3aMemTb, -rro crspsrrae KOMII03HTOpa B Aarmm
6LIJIO CBH38HO HMeHBO CHCnOJllleBHeM Stabat mater B BeCTMHBcrepCKOM a66aTCT
Be B oKTH6pe 1995 rona. l1M.R KOMno3HTOpa CTaHOBHTCH Bee 60nee H 60nee H3BeCT
HLIM, BO 60JILrnaJI sacrs ere COtmHeBHH TaK 1:1 OCTanaCL ne acrronaennoa.
Xopoasre CO'I.JHHeHHSI A.1J:eM,llapa KapasraaosaI
)];pOMarop"" (Fla-rax CHMq,OHHJl) Ila II03Me B. MaJI1COBCKOro <<B. M. JIeHHH" )lJIJl
xopa, opxecrpa, vrena II COJIHCTOB. 1956.
XOpOBIDI n03MaroIX csremaanoro xopa a cappella, 1957.
Bpexeaa rona. XOpOBOH naxn a cappella, 1959.
CnaBKHaM na CTIfXH pyCCKHX nOTIOB,IVIH xopa, 1960.
(<I1ecH.SI )KeHaTOro conaara ;l1.JUI COJIHCToB, xopa H opxecrpa Ha reKCT A. Ma-tano
H-PYKCa, 1963.
OceHHee,IVIH xopa aa enesa B. <I>HpCOBa, 1964.
"COBepUII<macID'. I.\I<KJI ID 10 CHMq,omtii, CXOpOBIdM q,lmaJlOM, 1965--j)6.
Stabat mater rOIX conHCTOB xopa H opxecrpa, 1967.
PeKBHeM', 1971.
<<BocnOMHHalUUl,IVIH xopa aa TeKCT A. CaMrrypOBOH, 1974.
<<B03BPa.I:neHIDl, <<.JIeTHIIlHe JIHCTKH, 06pa3LI-KapTIlHLI. Xo
pOBLIe IIIiKJILI a cappella Ha TeKCT A. COMIIYPOBOil, 1975.
nna COJIHCTOB xopa H opxecrpa na cnosa
E. Cepesaaa, 1983.
\
,
I HeKoTOpLIe COl(HHeHHR. Kapaaaaoaa He BXO.lU!T B 3TOT crracox, noTOM)' 'ITO HaxOlJ)ITC.lI. J1HWL B
roJ10Be XOMn03HTOpa, xax, HanpltMcp. ynoMHHaeMaJI Mecce.
2 PeKBHeM, CO'l:HHeHHblA B 1971 roJ(}'. 6.1:>In aanacau B JJ;HpeKlIHOHe, a opKeC1lJOBaH TOJ1LXO B
1991 rozry.
I
165 l1STABAT MATER) AAEMltA.PA KAPAMAHOBA
PeKOMeHJlYeMaS narepa'rypa
Ilonsoneea E. AnOKpH'" HJIH nOCJIaHHe? O TBOpqeCTBe Anevnapa Kapassaaosa II
MY3bIKOJIbHWI aKll,l\eMHll. - 1996. - N, 2.
TeeOCJlH A. T. Orxposeaae H 6rraroBeCTBOBaHHe Aneasapa Kapasraaoaa II MY3:Ed
KOJIbHWlllCH3HL. - 1990. -N, 17.
XORonoe JO. H. Ayrcanep COBeTCKoii MY3LIKH: Aneanap KapaMaHOB II MY3bIKa
H3 6Lmmero CCCP. Bsm, 1. -M., 1994.

166
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eli aroaarrsao XOpOBOH M)'3LIKH. ycneumo npeononeansre HM eaMHM B 20 - 30-e

rozrer, xorna OH pa60TaJI xopsrencreposr nessecxoro 06'Le,lJ;HHeHIDI BeRLI.

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(aanpaxep, neraae KYPCi:d HOBOA M}'3LIKH B ,n:apMmTa,ure). Ha KOTOpLIX nOMlIMO 3Ha
KOMCTBa C HOBhIMH npOH3Be.n;eHIDIMH 6om.moe BHHMaHHe y.n;eJUUlOCL paexpsrraro
raaa xx HCnOJIBeHIDl.
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npe.n;CTaBIDlCT 60JILmyIO TPY,llHOCTL rom HCnOJIHeHH5I. H, HecMOTPR Ha ClIOJKHDe CO
crosaae cospeaenaoro xoposoro HCnOJIHHTem.CKoro HCxyCCTBa B POCCHH, HeKOTO
psre BKJIIOt:IaIOT B penepryap CBOHX BI:.IC1j'IlIIeHHH COBpeMeHHLle COl:JH
BeRKlI. pacrrrapaa reM CaMbJM xpyrosop KaK CaMlDC HcnoJIHHTeJIeii, TaK H cnymare
JIeB. O,llHaKO BO MHOrOM MlIl)QB033peHHe cospeaeaaoro xopsrecrepa a XOpOBOro
rrenua <jJOPMHPyen:. rrpaxrasecxa 603 3HaBHJI npeapacasrx HOBOl! xopo
BO:fi M}'3LJXH, no, 6e3YCJIOBHO. 06e,llIDlCT KaK mITeJIJIeKTYaJn.H)'lO, TaK H
c<jJepy M)'3hlKaHTa.
CaMO nonsrae COBpeMeHHWI M}'3LIKa HMeeT BeCLMa YCJIOBRl:de paMKlI. Hanpa
Mep, B 50 - 60-e ro.n;LI C03.n;am.1 TaKHe COl:fiIHeHIDl. KaI< ll canto sospeso JI. HOHO,
Kappe K. IIIToKXaY3eHa. Tp n03MLI Aapa Mamo B. 1IIoroCJIaBCKoro, aana
CaHHLIe B rexmncax B03HHKIIIHX B XX sexe, H npe.n;CTaBIDI1OlllJ;fX. rom
acnomnrrene panee TPY,llHOCTH, a TaIOKe xopossie npOH3Be.n;eHKlI
,n:. lliOCTaKOBHt:Ia. r. CBHPHJlOBB., aanacannsre B Tp3,llHI{HOHHOM TOHaJThHOM KJIIOt:Ie H
noaroxy 6J1aro.n;aTHDIe ,llJUI HCnOJIlIHTeJIeH. O,llHaKO Ha- nopore XXI sexa cosaae
HIDI 50 - 60-x rO,l{OB )')Ke He .n;OJDl<HbI C'IHTanc: COBpeMeHHLIMH, ycrynaa MeCTO
npoH3Be.n;eHHJIM 80 - 90-x. A KaI< 6LITh C TBOpeHHJIMH ,llJUI xopa A.
A. A. Bepra, M. CTpaBHHCKOro, O. MeCCHaHa. xoropsie C03.n;am.I B nepso
nonOBHHC :xxsexa, HO ocrarouraeca KaMHeM IIpeTKHOBeHIDl rom MHOrHX. XOpOBLIX
KOJIJIeKTHBOB Poecaa. He JlBJUleTCR lIH 3Ta M}'3Lm:a aacynnro H OCTpO cOBpeMeHHoit?
Ee3 OCBoeHIDl HOBOH M)'3LIIGI Tep5lCTC: >KHBaJI CBJI3YIDIIlCUI mITL OT CO'lJHHeHHH.
3noXH 6apOKKO K COBpeMeHlll:>IM npOH3Be.n;e8IDIM. Ilocne norpyxeaas B 3B}'KOBO:fi
MHP HOBOH M}'3LlKH no-npyrosry BOCnpHHHMaeTCR XOpOBWI KJ1aCCHKa - CO'lJHHeHIDI
Baxa, Mottapra, ran,lJ;Ha, Bepna, Bpassca H .n;pyrHX aBTOpOB. Illasrxe B o,lJ;HoA H3
CBOHX crare OTMeTRlI BIDKHylO ,l{eTaJIL B HCnOJIHeHHH Anexceees 1IIo6HMOBLIM 4Jop
TeI1HaHHLIX C01JHHeHHH Monapra, - B Hrpe rraarracra 6LIJIa BLl.llBJIeHa
(<H3LICKaHe:HmaJI TeM6pOBO-.IJ;HHaMHtIeCKWI HIOaHCHpOBKa, M}'3LI
KaHTOM B nponccce H3yqeHKlI eOtUfHeHHit BOBoBeHcKoH urxonsr. Ilo CJlOBaM Ilhra'rxe,
J XOJlOno6Q B. H., XOJlon06lO. H. - M., 1984. -c C. 67. IJ;HTa:ra cospaureaa.
170 3AKJ1IO'IEHHE
o6paTHOH CBJl3blO B HCnOnHeHUU Monapra orpaaanace.. MHKpOHlO6HCHpOBKa Be
6epH8. '. ,UeHCTBHTc.nbHO, HOB8Jl: MY3bIKa BO MHOrOM 3aCTaBIDICT HC TOJThKO npe.l\
CTaBJU1Tb aero 3Bomon;HIO Pa3BHTmI M}'3bIKaJIbHOrO HCKj'CCTBa, 3a.uyMbIBaThCJI o CBSI
3R M)'3MKH npOIIIJIoro II HaCTOKII{ero, HO H BIillIBJlJlTL KpaCKH
xneccaxa, HCnOJIHeHHC xoropo B name BpCMH HeCeT, K COlKaJ}eHHlO, MHoro't[HC
nCHHLIC mTaMIILl.

TeXHHKB KOMno3HIi;uD, B03HHKIIlHe B XX sexe, - .llO.lleKa!flonIDI, COHOpHKa.,
ancaropaxa, MHKpOnOIIH!floHIDl, HOBaJI TOHa.JILHOCTL. MO,ll;a.JILHOCTL, .pOPMYJlbHIDT:
KOMII03HI..tIDl ft npyrae - e npHCyn::J;CH HM 3CTenncOH, KOHCtDIO, IIDBJlIDUIH Ha TexRBlcy
HCnOJIOeHBH. or M}'3LIKaHTOB TpC6YeTCR KaJ( BJIa,lJ;CHHe HOBbIMH II HOBeih:IIHMH HC
nOJIHHTeJThCKHMH TaK fi )'MeHKe B M)'3I:.IKa.JILHOi1 C}'IIlHOCTH
cospeeseaaoro npOH3Be.n.eHlUL ECJJH Y HHCTpYMeHTaJIHCTOB npouecc OBJIa,n:eHWl HO
, BbIMH npaeaasra HCIIO.JIHeHHJI He sansercs CJIHIIIKOM .o;OJITHM 110 BpCMCHH, TO B XO
POBOM KOJlJIeK'l'1iBe. r.o;e HHCTpyMeHTOM ClIy)KHT eJUIHbm Op:raHH3M 1'13 HeBQeCKHX ro
JIOCOB, rro.o;06m.w rrpouecc He TOJThKO .o;OCTaT01JHO nnarenea, HO H OrpOM
HbIX YCHJIHH KaK ,IlHPH)KCPa, TaK" H XOpHCTOB
2
. Xoposoe neaae, 6y;:xyq:R BO MUOroM
CJIO)f(HbIM H KOHCepBaTHBHhIM BH,llOM HCrrOJIHHTeJII.CKoro HCK)'CCTBa, MeHee acero
rrOJlBCp)KeHO HOBau;IDlM. ITOHHM8Jl: cneIJ;H<PHKY xopa, MHorne COBpeMeHHbIe KOMII03H
TOpId npancpseaearorcx <<'Ipa,nHIJ;HOHHOM) JIHHHH B XOpOBbIX C01JHHeHIDIX, roma KaK
HX HHCTpyMeHTaJIbHIde rrpoaaaezteaaa MOry! conepacars fionsnroe KOmrqeCTBO HO
BbIX TeXHHqecKHX npHeMOB. li )];IDI aBTOpOB 60JIee Pea.JIl>HO (<BOnJIOTHTh B )KH3Hb, TO
ecu yCJlLIlDaTb, HCH01IHeEIHe CBOHX HHCTpyMeHTa..lIbJndX c01:JHHeHHii, aeeena xopo
BbIX.
B pa3BHTHH cOBpeMeHHoH XOpOBOH M)'3bIKH qeTKO BbI,l:I;eJUIlOTCJI .o;Be reaneanaa: C
O,ll;HOH CTOpOHhl, ere onopa Ha Tpa,n;HIJ;HH 60JII.IDHX pyCCKHX XOPOB. C .zrpyroH,
CTpeMJIeHHe K KaMepHOCTH HCnOJIHeHIDl, xorna C01:JHHeHIDI xoryr 6Ll1"L HCIIOJIHem.l
JIH60 aHCaM6JIeM CO.rmCTOB, KaMepHbIM xoposr',
B sasmoseaae H B 1I0.o;TBep:>K,ZJ;eHBe Ha.DlHX. 06 HCrrOJIHeHHH coape
MeHHoR XOpOBOH M)'3b1KH MId rrpaaoznos O HeKOTopbIX MOCKOBCKHX
XOPOBbIX xonnexrasax, B penepryape KOTOpbIX rrpoaaoe MecTO 3aHHMaeT HOBaJJ M)'
3bIKa XX sexa, a T8IOKe MaTepH8Jlb1 JIH1JHbIX 6ece.o; C pyxoBO)J;JilTeIDlMH XOpOB
o. I', TeBJlHHblM, B. C. nOIlOBbIM, B. K. ITOJIJrHCKHM H E. JI. PaCTBopOBoH. B KOTOPbIX
l 6eceJUrJ CAm.41pe.a:oM IIImrncc ICOCT. A. B. HBaIDKHH. - M., 1994. - C. 221.
.
Hrrrepccao oraenrrs,
.
'ITO D KOHccpDaTopHH C 1993 rona cyuiecrayer aCDlfPaHTYPa
no Cne1Ul:aJIbHOCTII aHCaM6Jlb cospeeeuace rne M}'3blKaH1'l>I nonyaana BOJMO:lkHOcn. co
DepweH.CTBOD81'b eeee acnomerremcxoe seacrepcrao, HI'p8JI M}'3l:>ucy XX sexa, KOIfl1epnwR. xonnex
nIB, C03.nIlHHhIR. Ha acrraparrrcxoro snacca - Orynaa HOBoA M}'3l:>IKIDl pyxo
BO.lIHTeJIl:> - B. r. Tapaononscxa, .u;HpIDKep - H. A. ,[\pOHOD) JIBIDl:eTC.II T1IOpQeCKoR. na
rne DOJMO)f(HI>J uoesrx H.lI;eR, me npOHCXOllHT JHaI(OMCTBO C cODpeMeHHLIMH
COQHHeHH.IIMH, HODblMH npHeMaMH arpa Ha HHCTp}'MeHTaX H aayaerere cODpeMeHHoA HOTal(HH. Ha
npaaep, Ha MOCKOBCKOM lIlopYMe Aaaurapn rrmoc..., rrpoxonaamea B pesoax
VI Mescryaaponuoro <l>ecnm8JLll coapeveaaoa M)'3!>1KH D Mae 1998 rona, BblD;aromHeC.II ronnanncxae
acnonaarena - Xappa Crappeeenn (4me1tra), Xappu Cnapaaaa (6aC-KI1apHeT), <I>paH
nec-Mapaa YHITH (oHOnOJflleJIL) - .a:aBaJIH MacrepKI1aCCLI nOD; 06l1lHM Hll'lBaHHeM Hoaemae
nOJIHHTeJILCKHe npaeasr, ua KOropLJX MY3h1KaHTbI .a:eMOHCTpHpOBaJIH H 061>ftCfUUlH MHome aoaue
arpu Ha HHCTpyMeHTaX (B roM 'IHCJIe Hrpa aKKop.a:aMH, AByxt"OJlOeHe, seraeprsrroast, PB:J
JlJfllHl>le CJI3m,m, rJIHCC'IlI.QO Ha .a:epeB.IIHHhIX JtYX0BbIX; Hrpa AB)"M.lI CMI.JqKIlMH Ha BHOJlOJflleJIH H .
roe npyroe).
) Onepaste xopu B .o:aHHOM cnyvae He 3aTparHBaJOTC.II. TaK KaK ORH acerna 06YCJIOBJIeHhI cueaave
CKOR. npSMa"I)'prnell:.'
171 MOCKOBCKHE HcnOllHHTEllI1 HODaH xOPODoA MY3blKI1 XX BEKA
.n;HpmKephI .n;emITCH CBOHMH pa3MhllllJIeHHHMH OXOpOBOH Mj'3bIKe BTOpOH nOJIOBHHhI
XX aexa H npHOTKphIBaIOT cexpersr ee HCnOJIHeHHH.
KOMepHLJH XOp MOCKOBCKOH KOHcepBaTOpHH. Xy.n;OJKeCTBeHHb:rH PYXOBO,llH
TeJlL I-I .IUipHJKep - HapO,lJ;HhIH apTI-ICT POCCHH, npodieccop EOpHC Fpnropsesm TCB
JIHR.
KaMepHbrH XOp MOCKOBCKOH KOHCCpBaTOpHH 6LIJI C03.n;8.H E. r. TeBJIHHbIM B ne
xafipe 1994 rona, npescte Beera, zina I-ICnOJIHeHIDl COBpeMeHHOH XOpOBOH M)'3LIKH.
Ilepnoe BbICTYTIJIeHHe xopa COBMeCTHO e aHCaM6JIeM COJIHCTOB C-ry,lJ;HH HOBOH MY
, 3b!KH non yrrpaaneaaees ,llHpIDKepa M. ,l]poHoBa COCTOIDloeL 2 saapra 1995 rona Ha
orxpsrraa Broporo Me)l()l:yHap0)I;Roro <pecTIlBa.IDI COBpeMeHHo1t M)'3LIKH pOCCHHCKOH
npevsepos C. ry6alt):(yJIHHOH Teneps acerna caerai aa CTHXH r. AHru
H I-IMeJIO 601ILIIIOH ycnex.
Xy.n;O)KeCTBeHHf.Ji:i PYXOBO,llHTeJlL xopa H ,llHpHJKep - 3aBeJlYI0IIl.IDi Ka41e.n;poH XO
posoro .n;HpH)KlIpoBaHIDI MOCKOBCKOii': KOHcepBaTOpHH, Hapoaasra apTHCT POCCHH,
Jlaypear Focynapcrsenaoa npeaaa P<1>, Jlaypear IIpeMHH Jleaascxoro KOMCOMOJIa,
,ne1tCTBHTeJlLHLIH xnerr Me)I()JyHap0,rr;HOH axanesraa HH<p0pMaTH3aII;HH, lIJIeH COlO3a
KOMn03HTOpoB POCCHH. rrpotpeccop EOpHC Fparopseeas TeBJlHH (p. 1931) CJI)')KHT
XOpOBOMy HCKYCCTBy 60JIee 40 JIeT. B 1957 rozry OH C OTJmlIHeM OKOH'IWI MOCKOB
CK)'lO xoncepsaropmo (xnacc B. IT. MYXHHa), acnapaarypy - B 1962-M (PYXOBO,llH
TeJIL - A. B. CBeIUHHKOB), H C 1959 rona E. I'. Tesnaa npenonaer B KOHcepBaTOpHH.
Cmyoenuectcuu xop xoucepeamopuu aa BpeMJI PYKOBo.n;CTBa E. r. TeBJIHHLIM (1979
1991 IT.) HCnOJ!HHJI 6oJlLmoe KOJIHlleCTBO XOpOBblX rrpexsep Ha <peeTHBa.IDIX Moc
KOBCKIDI oeeas, IIO)l;I'OTOBnJI PM MOIIOI'Pa41gqeeKHX nporpaeos, .B xoropsre BOllIIIH
xopoasie ecsaaenaa r. ct>. I'eanena, ct>. llly6epra, C. J.I. Taaeesa, M. IT. My
eoprexoro, ,ll,. ,n. Illoeraxomrsa, ccrpynsxaan C lCpyrrHe:W1m:MH COBpeMeHIILIMH KOM
n03HTOpaMH - 3. B. ll:eHHeOBLIM, A. C. neMaHOM, H. H. CH,lJ;em.HHKOBhJM, P. C. ne
neueasra, B. P. K. lI(e.n;pm-n.IM, H np., anepasre r8CTpOJmpOBaJI aa py6e
)KOM. 40 nertc 1957 rona) E. r. Tesnaa B03rJIaBIDUI MOCKOSCKUU xop MOJlOoe:cU u
cmyoenmoe, KOTOphIii HBIDIeTCH 30JIOThIX Me.n;arreii Ha Mexnynapon
HLIX XOPOBLIX KOHKYPeax B 3CTOHHH (1972), Bonrapaa (1975), I1pJlaH)lHH (1981),
Henaaaa (1989), a Ta:IOKe Cepe6pJlHLIX Menanei! Ha KOHKYPee B Uramm (1970). ITo
HHHUHaTHBe E. r. TCBJIHHa C03.n;aHhI YHHKa..rIJ:,HbIe KOJIJIelCTIiBbI - CMewamn..rlt: XOp
.n;HpmKepoB-XOpMeHCTepOB Poceza (1987), a Ta10Ke PoeeHl1eKO-aMepHKaHC1G:lH xop
(1994). E. r. TeBIIHH npOBO,llHT MHorO'l)RCneHHLle B Bonrapaa, Bear-.
pHH, Karae, CIIlA, <1>paHIUIH) IOroenaBRH. E. r. Teanaa HBIDIeTeX 3BTOpOM MHornx
HarmO-MeTO.n;H'ieCKKX 'rpynoa, CTaTCH, peueasa, yq:e6HIJX
Jlaypear Gran Prix H 06JI3,llaTeJTh nsyx 30JIOThlX Me.n;arreii B HOMHHaI:(IDIX (OKeH
CKHH XOp a cappella H CMemaHH:LIH XOp a eappellas MeJK.llYHapOJlHOrO xoaeypca
XOpOB B PHBa .n;CJIL Fapna (l'!TaJIIDI, 1998) KaMepHblH xop MOcKOBCKOH xoacepea
Topnu IIO,ll pyxoeonersox E. r. TeBJIHHa BO MHOrOM aacnenyer Tpa.n;HIJJIH Xopa MO
nooeocu u cmyoenmoe. OCHOBy xopa B 1995-97rr. COCTaBHJIH yqeHHKH TeBJlHHa
xonozme xopoasie .n;HpIDKepLI, xoropsie e 3Hty3Ha3MOM OTKJIHKH)'JIHCL H nortztepaca
JIH HJ{elO C03,UaHH.lI xopa ,ll.IDI HenOJIHeRIDI COBpeMeHHo1t M)l3bIKH. BIDKHO OTMeTIlTh
TOT <paKT, no B 1995 rczry B MOCKOBCKOH KOHeepBaTopHH no HHHIJ;I-IaTIlBe
E. r. TeBJIHHa OTKpL1JICX KJIaCC aCIIHpaH'I)'PLI nesae COBpeMeHHOH M)'3bI
KID), rne aenapaarsa no.rrytnWm B03MO)I(HOCTh npOXOJUlTL npo<peCCHOHaJlI>H)'ID CTa
)KHpOBKy B Kassepaox xope MoeKOBCKOH KOHeepBaTopHH. e 1998 rena KOCTID\, xopa
3AKJlJO
IIEHH/:."
172
COCTaBJUllOT CTY.lleHTbI MJIa.z:unHX KypCOB H aCnHpaHTLI JtHpH>KepCKO-XOpOBOrO 4la
xyrrarera MOCKOBCKOH KOHcepBaTopHH.
Beera sa TP" rona Cy:uJ;eCTBOBaHHJI KOJlJleKTHB HCIIOJlHHJl MHO)l(eCTBO COBpe

MeHHblX XOPOBbIX CO'IHHeHHH, B TOM 'tJHCJle npcasep - TaKHX, KaK .nIDI
-reaopa, 6apHTOHa, 6aca, My)KCKoro xopa H 8 HHcTpYMeHTOB, Sibylla Dicit (KaRTaTa
,llIDl >KCHCKoro xopa H 5 HHCTp)'MeHToB), B KYMHpHIO sonororo eHID> (CHM4>O
HH'tJ:eCKaH n03Ma .IVIH CMemaHBoro xopa a cappella no A. Bnoxy) Apmypa Jlypee;
KaMCPHaJI' CHMepOHHH M3 EKKJIeCHacTID> ,WDI conpaao, CMCillaHHOrO xopa
-H KaMepHOrO aHCaM6JIH Anuiepma JIeMQna; TpH )l(CHCKHX xopa Ha CTHXH ,n. Xapsr
ea Buxmopa Cycnuua; Teneps acerna caera ,llIDl KaMepHOrO -a.HCaM6JIH H
Horo xopa Ha CTHXH r. AMrH H
.
Ilocaamenae Mapaae QBeTaeBOH nna xopa 6e3 CO
.
rrpOBO)l()leHHJI Coipuu ry6aiiOYJlUHOU; <dh HarOpHO:H nponoeena ,WDI CKpHIIKH H
xopa Banepue Ap3YMaHooa (cono CKpHIIKB - I", Kpeaep), Bexepnee MoneHHe o MH
pe ,lJ;JIJI xopa a cappella HUKOJlWl Cuoensnuxoea. O,lJ;HaKO B penepryap KaMepHOrO
xopa excns-r He TOJThKO COBpeMeHHDIe xopoeue rrpOH3Be,lJ;eHIDl, HO H BenHKHe 06pa3
UbI pYCCKO:H nyxosaoa M)'3bIKH - xopoasre _ CO'tJHnemUI .n. C. Boprusacxoro,
A. T. Fpexaaaaoaa, C. B. PaxMaHHHOBa, Il H. tIaifKoBcKoro, a TalOKe .o6pa6oTKH
Hap0,lJ;HbIX necea. Hpxoe Bne'laTJIeHHC rrpOH3BO,IUIT eneaaseeaae pe,n:sKIJ,UH HeKO
TOpLIX npoaaaeneea JVUI xopa a cappella, aanpasrep, n03MLI,llllil CMeIDaHHOrO xopa
Ka3HL Ilyraxesa P. Illenpaaa, B. KaJIHcTpaTOBa Ilpouraaae C.nOMOM)
,llIDI :>KeHCKOro xopa H pyCCKHX necaoneamt <UKu3HL H CMepTL) .nJISI CMeIDaHHOrO xo
pa, KOTopLIe ocyuiecraneau npR CO,lleHCTBHH 3aCJI)')KeHHoro .neJITeJISI HCKYCCTB POC
CHH E. Jlsnaeaa.
KaMepHLIH xop KOHcepBaTopHH npHHHMaJI yaacrae B Pa3JlHYUfbIX M)'3LIKaJILHLIX
<peCTIlBaJllIX - JloKeHXaY3-95 no npHfJIameHHIO fJmoHa Kpexepa, II H ill
aapozmsre <\JeCTHBlIJlH COBpeMeHHOH M)'3h1KF1 B Mocsae (1995, 1996), <\JeCTHBBJII,
CO<\Jilll ry6aii.llynHHa B Ihopaxe (MaH 1997), rAe o BLIc=eHHB xopa BLICOKO
OT03BaJICH KOMn03HTOp AH.npeii BOJIKOHCKHH, a Ta10Ke 4leCTIlBaJIL MY3LlKaPOJUiOHa
Illenpaaaz (1997), xopoaok <\JecTBBBJII, La fabbrica del canta (Jleassao, MTBJIBH,
BIOHb 1998), Mocxoscxas OCeHb (1998).
6. r, TeBJ1UH:
Coepeueunan XOp08Wl My3blKa 'ipe38bl'iaUHO MH020JlUKa. B ee o6pl13l1QX MO:>K:HO
Om.MemUmb lleCKOJlbKO ndnpaesenuu, 06'be0U1-LRlOmCR o6zqeiJ. xepmoic 01lU
oaJom 803MO:JJC1l0Cmb OIlR mOOp'ieCK020 poema ucnonnumeneu, OIlR paauupenun UX
MY3bZKaJlbH020 u xyOo:JlCecmOellH020 Kpy2030pa.
K coepeuennoii My3blKe, eo-nepeux, OmHOCRmCJl CO'iUHeIlUR, KYllbmuoupyJOzque
1OlaCCU'ieCKUe opuenmupst, 20e MH02020JlOCUe 803HUKaem u3 O(J)'X20JlOCUR, 20e Ha
6mooaemcJl 66llbUJ.ee mJl20mellue K 2apMOHU'ieCKoMy CKJlaoy. neocenu K xoumpa
nyHKmU'ieCKoMy, 20e 'ieJlOOe'ieCKUU 20/l0C - 2JlG8IlbZU MY3bIKaJlbHblU uncmpyuenm.
Taxoea My3blKa r. Ceupuooea.
Bo-emopux. - OYXOOHWl npaOOCllaOHQU mpaOUIIUu. 3ma Oa::HCIlWl canpo
BaR atinacms omeuecmeeunoeo KOMn03umopCK020 meopuecmea cmaJla eunocurnscsc
Ha tcottuepmnyto scmpaov 8 1980-e 200bl. Kynsmypa XOp00020 neHUR a cappella U3
opeene Ha Pycu u C BoeoeHueM xpucmuaucmea saunsa o MY3bIKaJlbHOM
UCKYccm8e oeOYUfee nO/lO;JICeHue. Ilpussepaseu paseumus smou ZJly6UHHOU
Mozym 6blmb oyxooHble CO'iUHeHUJl H CUOeJlbHUKooa. A. I1JHumKe, llleopuna.
Bsmpemvux, 601lbUJ.OU coepeuennou xopoeoii My3bIKU cocmaenssom CO'iU
HeHUJl Ha napoonue mexdmu. 20e mpaouuuounua pyCCKUU nAa'i, CUJlbHbl
q>OJlbKflOpHble OJlUJlHUR. B ocuoee 30Jl"lQIlWl. 3mux nexcum pyCCKWl ne
173 MOCKOBCKKE 1100OJJHHTE1IH HOBOA XOPOBo;l
ceuuocmb, 80XWlbUOCmb, KaumUReuuocmb. B 3mO.M PRaY - ptl311UIIUbI.X
:J1CaHpo6 10. EJ'!Ixo, B. Taepunuua, M Epuonaeea-Konnonmas, B. Kanucmpamoea,
B. Pytiuna, H CUOeJibUUxo8a.
H, uaxouel/, xopoeou aeaxeapo xoul/a xx8exa. - R6JleHUe, OJlR xomopoeo xapax
mepma H08b.le seyxocosepuanun, ouccouupytoiuue c038y1lWl, xpouamuxa,
uepoenocmu nyJlbCa, 06H08JleUUblii MY3blXaJlbUbU':i Jl3blK, ueoeoa COllemaHue pe3xo
KoumpacmupylOUj.ux ne811ecKUX semep - axaoeMullecxoii u napoonoa. K 3mO.My ua
npaenenuto omHocumcR ue mOJlbXO oooeKarjJoUHQJl u COUOpUl1Jl MYJblxa, UO u H060
mOUWlbHl1Jl, e omopou uoeu numepamypeoeo mexcma eblpa:JfCeUbl JlpKU.MU My3bl
" KaJlbHblM.U cpeocmeavu. Ha .Moi. e3ZJlJlO, KOMno3UmOpCKQJl utxOJla MOCX06CXOU Xou
cepeamopuu naxooumcx eo enaee aeaneapimoeo nanpaaneuux xopoeoii My3blXU emo
pou nOJl06UUbl XX eetca. Ilocmamavuo Utl36amb UMeua 3. Ilesucoea, C. IY6aii
oyJlUUOU, A. Kapauanoea, A. llluumxe, P. Illeopuna, IIm06bl ytieoumncn e 3mOM. Hc
XOOUblM. nyHKmoM HoebU xapoeux urucxauuii, no MOeMy y6e:coeHwo, JU1JZJl.emCR
CmUJlb pyccxoii .M)'3bIXU uauana XX eexa - C. Ilpoxodneea, A. CXpJl6UHa, H. Cmpa
eUHCXOZO. 30ecb cseoyem matoce ecnOMHumb meopvecmeo u ebtCKtl3bleaHWl C. Ta
ueeea o mOM, IImo MY3blKa 6bzmb xonmpanynxmuxecxou. B 3mux cnoeax sa
JlO::HCeH 2Jly60KUii CMblCfl. OHU 03ualla1Om He mOJlbKO mo, IImo e Jl1060u xopoeou rjJaK
mype (axxopooeoil, 20MOrjJOHHOU u op.) OOJl::HCHa ebr.Jl8lUlmbCR nOJlurjJOHUR, HO u mo,
IImo e C06peMeUHOU xopoeoc MY3blKe OOll::HCeU 6bzmb xonmpanynxm 8blpC13umeflbHblX

YCJlO::HCHeHUe Jl3blxa coepeueuuoea xapoeoeo npuuenenue U08bI.X
o otuacmu zapMOHUU, pumua nOMOza1Om XOpOOblM. neol/aM ommaxueams
C80e XYOO::HCeCm6eHHoe u mexuUllecKoe uacmepcmeo, paseueams lIymKocmb CJlyxa,
M)'3bZKaJlbHbUi OK)lC, npuotipemamt KoumpanyuKmUlleCK)lKJ eutixocm. Hoeue CO
IIUHeHWl, tcomopsae uoym enepeou 603MO:JICHOCmeu ucnOJlUume.n.bCK020 UCK)lCcmea,
noseonmom XOp080My oupuocepy ucxamb OOXQ!lbUble KpaCXU, utmpuxu 3eyKo6eiJeHWl,
pacxpueam ucxycnoe cnJlemenue 20flocoe, nOHUMamb apxumexmouuxy 3nU3oiJ06,
CJlblWamb nay3bl, He 60JlmbCJl. ;)lCeCmKOCmu QXXOp008. llOOm8ep::HCiJaKJmCR MyiJpble
cnoea Apmypa HYPbe: Hcxyccmeo, nOCKOJlbKY OHO :cueo, smo ecezoa omnpaenexue
e HoebZU nymb. CHQIIQ!la, ece cusxoea...
Om MblUUZeHUJl u uacmepcmea xounosumopa 3Q8UCUm ooneoeeunocm COlluue
HUJI.. Xopoeas M)'3blKa uoeoii PYCCXOU KOMn03umopcKOU WKOflbl Ce2001/Jl. WUpOKO no
nynspna. .Ilpaxmuxecxu HU OOUO u3 .cOllUHeHUU OJUl xopa 3. j(eHucoea, C. Ty
6auiJyJluuOU, H A. Illuumxe, P. Llleopuua He OCmaJlOCb HeUCnOl1.HeH
HblM.. 3mo - rjJeHO.MeH ocotioeo pooa: e npoU38e(JeHWlX 3mux KOMn03Umop06 ucnOJl
numeneii npuenexaem mo, IImo COCm08JlJlem iJyx08UyKJ amuocdiepy epeseenu.
Kaunosumopcxuii u ucnonnumenscxuii npOl/eCCbl - 3mo npoueccu esauuootipa
mU.Mble. ECJlu MY3bZKaHmbZ cnocotinu ucnOJlUUmb sceoe COlIuueHue, mo y KOMno3U
mopa e C03HaHUU npoepasouupytomcn HOBble mOIlKU omcuema OJlR meopwecmea. C
opy2ou cmoponu, pC136UeaemCJl MbluuzeHue cnyiuameneis, MHozue u3 KOmOpbI.X He MO
zym CPC13y Y/lOeUmb xaxue-/lu60 saxonouepnocmu U C8.JI.3U e H060M COlIuueHUU.
BcnOMHUM,- xanpuuep, cnoea B. Oooeecxozo u3 nUCbMa tc M rJlUHXe e 1847 zoiJy:
Co epeueuu Monmeeepiru Xa::HCiJbzu H08bZU waz e MY3bIxe 6bUl OAA ptl3YMe
HUR Macc. B XV16exe cenmuuaxxopo 6e3 npueomoenenun Xa3Q!lCJl lIeM-mo llyOoeuUj.
HbtM... " oocmaeQJlOCb ::HCeCmOKO u cmapwcy Tauony; Mbl ece etue nOMHUM, xaK Mo
uapma Hawu oeObI Htl3b18Q!lU.. iJuXUM u uenOHRmHblM... J(Ji.Jl MeHR ecmb My3bzKa, XO
mopyto CX8amuutb momuac, J'OpYZQJl, xomopoii Haoo6HO yvumscs, XQK MbZ
Mouapmoeou U Bemxoeeuoeoii My3blKe... Bee. smo 3QMblCJlUm tjJaHmtl3UJl ucmUHHO
174
eOOXHoeeHHOZO xyOO:JfCHUKa, BCe mo 603M.D:JfCHD 6 ucnOllHeHUU u BCe npW-IUMaemCR
lI.eJlOeell.eCKOlO!)/' C/lOfJQ mowuae u CKQ3QHHble tiyomo tiu
B UCnOJlHUmeJlbCmee cOepeM.eHHOU XOp060U M.y3b1KU pRa npo6neM.
rJlQ6HaR u3 liUX - npotineua uHmOHUp08QHUR. y6e;JJCoeH, lima xop HQIIUHQ_
emcs e UHmOHQZ/uu. EC/lu xop noem fjJaJlblUU60, mo smo o nJlOXOM
cnyxe Wlu omcymcmeuu Bonu y oupiocepa. Ilpocmums nn.OxylO U1-lmOHQl1U10 Hellb3R!
Ba:JfCHO rnaK:JfCe u yueuue 6blR8Umb opauamypeuso COIIUHem.lR, naiimu Heo6xoOUMbze
OM ee pacxpumus OUHl1MUlleCKUe xonmpacmu. Ha MOi 63ZJJJUJ, npotpeccuonamauae
3HQHUR u CMellocmb, Omn.U'IHblU cnyx u c606o0HaR meXHUKQ oupuscepa /le:J/Cam 6 OC
naee UCnOJlHeHUR coepeuexnux CO"UHeHUU OJlR xopa.
Patiomamu Hao H06bl.MU, manQHmRU6blMU napmumypauu Heo6wlaUHO unmepec
HO. ONU paseueatom MY3bJKG.nbHblU U xyaoocecmeenneui KPY2030P, UCnOJlHUmeJlbC1QJlO
meXNU1QJ, ONU npU6NOCRm 06H061leHHOe MUPOOUlyuJBHue.
5 xapra 1999 rona
XOpLI AxH,lleMUH xoposoro HCICyCCTBH. Xyp;O)KeCTBeH:III.JH PYKOBOP;H1"eJIb axa
p;eMHH - Haponasr aPTHcT CCCP, rrpotpeccop BHKTop Ceprccaaa Ilorros.
AKa,z:r;eMIDI xoposoro HCKyCCTB8 (AXM), 06Pa30BaBHaJl B nexafipe 1991 rona Ha
fiase MOCKOBCKoro rocynapcrseaaoro xopoacru yqRJIHIIJ;a HM. A. B. CBeDIHHKona,
xcropoe aasecrso CBOHMH cnaBHbIMH H 60raTLIMH Tp3,ltHIJ;H.SIMH. HI:.IHe npezrcraanacr
aaaeneaae C rpexcrynesaoa CHCTeMOH Haqa.JIlJHOe - open
aec - ancmce", (O C03,llaHHH KOJUIeKTIlBa B enoe apeesa MenaJIH
A. B. CBelIIHHKOB H A. A. lOprroB.)
B aacrosuree BpeM.ll AKa,z:r;eMIDI xoposoro HCKYcCTBa rrpencraanscr MOIIUU..rH HC
nO.JIHHTeJThcKItii KOJUIeKTHB, BKJIIOlJ8lOnudi Xop Mam.tIHKOB (mxona), lOnomec.KH..H
xop (yxanarrte, xoropoe Tp8JlHI{HOHHO OCT8eTC.sI M)')KCIOIM yqe6EU.IM aaaeneaaess),
KaMepHLIe CMemamU,Ie XOp:LI (sersrpe KYPCOBLIe By30BcKHe KOJUIeKTHBa), a T3lOKe
M}')KeKOH: xop (yerrosao rosops, rrocneayaosexoro ypOBIDI). Kposee Toro, B OCo6bIX
enysasx K XOpaM A.Ka,z:r;eMHH nozrsmosaercs Bonsnro ,lleTCKBii xop Tenepa,zJ;HOKOM
naHHH OCT3HKHHO, KOTOp:Lm B03fnaBIDIeT TOT )Ke XY,llo)KeCTBeHIiLIH PYKOBO,I:(H
TeJIL - B. C. nOnOB. B TaKHX. cnysasx eoeras xopa nocraraer 60nee 300 lJenOBeK.
(51pKHM IlpHMepOM anecs MO)KeT eJIY:lIG:ITh acrronacnae BOC:LMOH Marrepa
non PYKOBO.u;CTBOM E. <1>. CBeTnaHOB8., xorna neno ne HeeKOJThKO KOJIJIeICTHBOB. a no
cyrn O,I:(HH xop.) MHOroCOCTaBHOeTb xoposoro Opra.HH3Ma OTKpL1Baer
60JThIllile B03MOJKHOCTIi. KaK B OXBaTe penepryape, TaK li B Bl>I6ope eoerasa aenon
uarene, 6y.zu, TO eMemaHHLIii xop, nercxaa xop mm KOJIJIeKTHB. B KOTOpOM nOIOT
M}')Kl!HHbI H Ma.JIb'llHKH. (B :ITOM O!HOmeHHH oseas nOKa3aTem.HO HCn01IHenHe CTa
pHHHOii ,IlJ'XOBHOii M)'3blKH.)
AKa,z:r;eMWl aener HaCb1IIleHHytO H pa3HOo6pa3H)'lO xoaueprayio nearensaocrs, B
KOTOPYlO BXO,WlT H 3aIIHCH, H raCTpOJIH. li KOHKypCLI (Kale o6bNHO e npH30B:LIMH Mec
TaMH), H pa3JIH'lHLIe 4>eCTHBaJIH, a TaIOKe perynspasre 3K3aMeHaIJ;HOHHbIe ssrcrynne
HIDI. ).:(HCKorpaq.IDI AKa,z:r;eMHH xoposoro acxyeerna norpscaer eBOHMH MaemTa6aMH.
Bcero sa aeexonsxo ner sarnreaao fionee 25 KOMII8IIT-)J)ICKOB pyccxoa H 3apy6e:>KHOH
XOpoBOH M)'3:LIKH.
I IJ,HT. no: Odae9CKuu B. (/J. KOHu,epT Bepneoaa B (IIHCf.MO KM. H. :rJIHHKe) II MY3f.I
xamao-mrreparypaoe HBCJH!Aiie. - M., 1956. - C. 223-225.
'1 ITO.llp06Hee o MrXY HM. CseWHHKOBa H 06 AXH CM.: OC06HJ1K Ha EOJIbWoR :rPY3HHCKOR: Boc
nOMHHaHIDI, 3aMeTKH, 6ece.ll.bllCOCT. P. ,l{OKY"BeBa, A. TeBOC'l.H. - M., 1994.
175
MOCKOBCKH.E HCnOJH{}f'TEJlH HaBoR x"'O"PO"'."'o"'il" ... "YJ:;'b.. IK"""X"X'-".""'K,,A
Cpena <!>eCTHBaJIeH. B KOTOPI:.IX npHRHMaJIH yxacrae XOpI:.I AKa,IJ;eMHH. MO)I(HO
BhI,UeJIHTh HaH60JIee 3HaqJf,TeJlbHI:.Ie - <<POCCIDI npaaocnaaaas, MOCKOBCKaJI OCeHI:..
<!>eCTH8am. npeaocnaauca M)'3DIKH}}, <!>ecTHBaJIH B Fpacce, KOJlb
Mape, <I>paHK<PYPTe-H3-Maiiae. OnepH:DIH 4leCTHBaJII:. B Bpereane
(ABC1pIDl).
Hapsny C BLl)laJOJIUlMHCa 06pa:nJ,aMH pyCCKOH H 3apy6e)KHOH My3LIKi:l npoIIIJThIX
cronera - MecCOH h-molI Eaxa, Top:lKeCTBeHHOH MecCOH Berxoseaa, PeKBHeM3MH
Mouapra, Bepzta, oparopae Ilercrao XpHCT8}} Eep1IH03a, MeCCaMH fpe1JaHHHOBa H
MHOrnMH npyr1IMH C01JHHelDlJlMH - B penepryape XOpOB AKa,ll:eMHH Me.eTO
, 3a1U1MaIOT C01JHHeHIDl: COBpeMeHHhIX pyCCKHX KOMII03HTOPOB - 3. )];eHHcoBa
(MHpOBaJI npesrsepa oparopaa <<HCTOPWI >KH3HH H CMepm I'ocnona aamero Hacyca
Xpacra), B. Mapreraosa, I". KllH'IelIH, B. Apressosa, B. Kmcn" (nperasepa
Jlarypraa CB. Hoaana 3naToYCTID, B. Ara<jJoHHHKOBa, O. Fanaxoaa, K. Bonxoaa,
I". ,[\MH1pHeBa, B. Py6HHa, P. JIeJ.\eHeBa H J.lPyrIDL
XY.IlO:lKeCTBeHllfJii: PYKOBOJJ;HTeJlb AKa,n;eMml xopoaoro HCKYCCTBa - Haponasr
apracr CCCP (1989), npo<jJeccop (1990), aKa}.leMHK MeJl<,ll)'Hap0}.\Bol! aKa}.leMHH HH
<jJ0pMarn3anHH np" OOH (1995) BHI<Top Ceprees.... Ilonoa (p. 1934). OH OKOH'lF!n
MOCKOBCKoeTocynapcTBeHHOe xoposoe yqHJIHIIl,e (MfXY) B 1953 rozty, B
MOCKOBCxyro xoacepaaropmo. C 1970 rona Ilonos PYKOBO)J.HT MrXY HM. CBeIIllIH
KOBa, 3aTeM npe06pa30BaHHLIM B AKa,n;eMHlO xoposoro HCKYcCTBa. B 1991 ro.ny OH
H36paH peKTOpOM AXJiI, 3 B 1996-M - xynO)KecTBeHHIdM PYKOBO,lJ.HTe.n:eM. Ilenarora
1Jecxyro /.teHTeJlbHOCTL TIoDOB Ha1JaJI B 1955 rozty B xpacaoropcxo My3LIK8.JThHOH
IDKOJIC, B 1959-60 IT. COCTom B 1JHCJIe Opra.HH33TOpOB My.3LIKaJThHO-ne.na
roraxecxoro <jJaKYm,Tera MrIII1 HM. B. II. IIoTeMKHHa (HbIHe MrIIY); B 1961}-75
IT. npenonaaan B fMIllf HM. fReCHHhIX (B TOM 'lIHCJIe 3aBenOBaJI Ka41eJq)OH XOpOBO
rc .IlHPIDKHPOB3BWI); B 1980-93 IT. BeJI xnacc xoposoro .IlHPIDKHPOBaHIDI B MI1C
HM. qaib<:oBcKoro. e 1970 rO,IJ.a nOnOB JlBJIJJeTca 6eccMeHHLIM PYKoBo,I:(HTeJIeM
Bonsmoro nercxoro xopa Bceeorosaoro pazmo H IJ;eHTpa.JILHoro TeJIeBH,IJ;eHIDI (nsme
MY3LlKa.JU:.Horo nearpa OCTa.HKHHQ}}), 06na,n;aTeJUI 6om.moro KOJDrqeCTBa npeMHH II
aarpan. B. C. Ilonos - aBTOp MHornx H3Y1JHhIX I:I rrayaao-sserozraxeexax TPy,IJ.OB:
yqe6HHKoB, yqe6HhIX noc06HH. xpecrovera, nporpasos - rom Ha1JaJII.HLIX, Cpe.n;HHX
. H BbIClIIHX MY3bIKaJII,HbIX yqe6HbIX3aBe,l\eHHl!. B 1994 rozty OH aarpazcrca <jJpaHlI)'3
CKHM Op,IJ.CHOM 3a Bbl,D,aJOIIJ;IIiica BKJIa,n; Brrareparypy H HCKYCCTBO)}, B 1995-M- POC
CHHCKHM Op,IJ.eHOM <<,lW)')K6LI H3pO,IJ.OB)}, B 1996-M- TIpeMHeH M3PHH MOCKBI:.I B 06
naCTH mlTepa1J'PLI H I:IcIeyCCTBa Sa 60nLmoH BKJIa,n; B neno 3CTeTII'leCKoro BOCDlIT8
HHH nonpacraromero nOKOJIeHIDI H xoaueprnsie nporpasersr rrocnemnrx JICTI>.
B. C. DonOB:
Coepeueunax My3MKa, Ha MOU 03ZJJ.RO, OOIl:JJCHa 3aHUMamb ceoe oocmOUHoe Me
cmo o Jl1060M moopllecKOM KOlUleKmUBe, meM o maKOM, zOe Ylle6HaJl cmopona
3aHUMaem He uenee eaocnoe Mecmo, lleM ucnanuumenscxas (XOTTlJl mym Om
OeJlUmb ucnonuumenscxyto cmopony om y'te6HOU), - mozoa oce 06pa300aHUe omana
.oumCR coeeptueuuo UHbW! Ilena o mOM, 'tmo MW - coepeueuuusu MHOZUX KOMfl03U
mopoe - :JK:UOeM pR-OOM e HUMU unOHUMaeM, Ilmo OHU nuzuym O Hac u npo Hac. H ec
nu MbL U36ezaeM UCflOllHRmb ux co'tUHeHUR, mO MbL U36ezaeM ClIMUX ce6R. Ha nepeuii
03ZJlJlO MO:JJCem nOKa3ambCR, Ilmo COOpeMeHHbLU aemop HUllezo He nOHZwaem e XOPO
BOM, uCKYccmoe KaK maKOOM, 'tmo OH U ne61leCKUU ZOIlOC He OlleHb xopoiuo 3Haem,
OOHaKO oeno mOM. Ilmo nonnan HeypROUlja, - KOMn03umop :J1CUoem HQzueii
:HCU3HblO, u nepeoaem ee My3blKOU maK, KaK OH ClIM llyocmBYem U nOHUMQem.
ECJlU Mbl cmapaesum BHuKHymb e coepeuenuyto My3bZKy, mO noHZWae.M, Ijmo OHa
176
uacmo omxpueaem HQM ZJla3Q Ha MHozue seU/u. CKQ:JICeM. tl rjJullClJl.e j(eSRmou
CUMrjJOUUU Bemxoeena U!lU tl Topocecmeeuuois uecce ZOJlOC noem OlfeHb 6bZ
COKO - ipa. nepeoii OKma8bl, UJlu conpano Ha npomsusceuuu OOJlZOZO speMenu
(UlR, CU-6eMOJlb emopoii OKmasbz; 3mu, Ka3QJlOCb 6bJ, neJlenble mpyonocmu, Mol
npeoooneeaeu u ne Z080pUM o mOM, 'irno aemop MOXO uanucan, MbZ cmapaeucs 3mo
enemb, U, OKQ3blSaemCR, Mbl 08uzaeM eaMu;( TaKaR ce cumyal/Wl CKJlaObl8a
emcn u e coepeueueoii .MY3bIKOU: Kozda omxpbzsaeWb HombZ u 8UOUlUb 'Irno-mo oveu
CJlQ;JICHoe, cuaxana nyeaetuscs, a 3ameM, KoziJa uanunaetus 3mo y'lUmb u nozpy
:JICQmbCJl tl M)'3blK}', mo nOHUMaeWb, lima pacxpueaeius OJU! ceti HOGbni MUp. H
3mom MUp neotixoouuo nocmux!

CeU'lac Nawe 3aseoenue C8R3QUO co MHOZUMU KOMn03UmOpaMU:
T: ll. J(MumpUeOblM, B. H. Py6UlIblM, - 3mo nOKQ3amrmb mozo, lImo MbZ lie ustieeaesc
coepeuennoii My3bZKU, 110, uanpomue, CmpeMUMCR nOHRmb ee u OC80umb. 3mom
y,,6HblU 200 (/998-99) OM Hac tiyoem, KOHe-HO, mpyOHblM. e PaxMaHu
H06CKOM 3aJ1.e xoucepeamopuu COcmOJlJlCR aemopcsuis A. A. Huxonaeea
[140KmR6pll 1998], omopuii He npotuen 6eccJleollo OM Ka.:JK:OOZO yllacmHuKa,
eceeo OM Hac CaMUX, a matcsce OM mex, tema npuweJl nac CIlyzuamb, nomo
My Ilmo ezo .MY3brKa, C6Jl3aHHaR C OaJI.eKUM npOZUJlbZM, maKQR, KaK Ileiuuoe
60 U/IU XOp060U onuepm Benox A1ul6be6)J ua cmuxu pyCCKUX n03m06, omxpuea
em HaM. MHozue ZOpU301lmbl u nepcnexmueu. Mbz zomoOUMCR maxxce K IIYZUICUHCKO
My tjJecmU6aJ1.JO, xomopouy OQJlU ouen uumepecnuii, na MOU 63ZJlRO, nyzuKUHCKUU
snuepad: Benenuo EOJfCbeMY, O, My3a, 6YOb nOCIlYZUHa. 3mo 3HalIum, lImo lie
mOIlbKO Ilytuxuna MbZ 6yoeM UcnOIlHRmb, HO u 6Ce mo, lImo C6Jl3aHO C ezo UMelIeM,
mo, Ilmo lIamOJlKlIYJlO, OaJI.O pa36UmuJO Haweu K)lJlbmypbl. Mw 6yoeM nemb
xopoeue COIlUlIellWl J(Mumpueoa, Pytiuua, KaK 6bZ eneuate He cexsannue C UMelIeM
Ilyuouna, 110 ua CaMOM oce OHU ZJly60KO cOR3aHw, nomo.MY t.tmo - sma H(IWa
06U1QR pyCCKQR K)'Ilbmypa.
tlmo xacaemcn My3blKU Iienucoea, mo y MeHR C KOMn03umopOM 6bUlG o
IleHHOU cmeneuu meopuecxan opy;c6a. _H 011 npuuec MHe HombZ opamopuu
Hcmopus :JK:U3HU u cuepmu rocnooa natueeo Hucyca Xpucma, II e 60JlbWOU
cmbJO OmKJlUKlIYJlCR, 1I0_U o mo::ce epeso: II nOHUMQJl, 'imo couuueuue OlleHb mpyouoe
u mpe6yem OZpOMHOU u ucnOIlHumb ezo OOUH PQ3 u 3a6bzmb HeJlb3Jl, uaoo
Ilmo-mo npuayscame, t.tm06bl cot.tUHellUe UMeJlO ObLXOO. 11, K coocaseuuio, npesee
pa cocmonnacs He 6 POCCUU, a 8 Tepuauuu, opxecmp Caap6pJOKKellCKOZO
81OlJOIlWl 3mo couuueuue 6 C80U tjJecmU8aJ1.b, u Mbl noeXQJlU myiJa nemb Hcmopwo
euecme e 3mUM 3aM.ellameIlbHbZM KOJlJleKmU80M. Toeoa, 6blmb Mo::cem, HaM eU/e He
6Ce 6 nOJlHOU uepe yiJQJlOCb, nomoMy '1mo 6bUlU CaM.bZe HeJlenWe HaKJlaiJlCU, uanpu
uep, meuopy, )"iU6weMy COIlbHYJO napmuto, He OQJlU 6U3)' 8 Fepuanuto, u uaxauyue
8blcm)'1llleHUR aue 6bmYCKlIUK yvun 3my CIlO'JfCHeuUl)'JO napmuto... MHe 6bUlO Ot.tellb
npusmuo, 'Imo Hawu coomet.tecm8eHlIUKU u3 CaMapbl - opxecmp u eeo oupuxcep
M Illeptiaxoe - peucunu enepeue ucnonnums -3mo CO'iUHeHUe 8 Poccuu. llPUlleM,
iJOJl'JfCeH CKQ3amb, lImo npeusepa [14. 03. 1998] npoiuna C 60IlblUUM ycnexou, ny6
nuxa npexpacno npuusna smo COt.tUHeHue. A 3ameM 8 Mocuee, 83QJle UMeHU l[auK08
CKOZO, tjJWlapMOHUlIeCKUU optcecmp noa ynpaeneuueu tP. rIl}'U/eHKO C HaWU,M XOpOM
u COIlUCmaMU CyMeJlU Ha CaM.OM 8blCOKOM ypoane ucnOJlllUmb 3mo YOU6UmeJlbHOe CO
uuueuue. 3mo ObzcmynneHue [20. 05. 1998] 6bUlO 60JlbWUM C06b,mUeM 8 MY3bZKaJl.b
HOU ::J1CU3HU nauieii cmpanu. ff. K coocaneuuto, ocmanoc npawnuvecxu uesaueuen
lIblM. OlleHb :JICQJlb, nomoby 'imo - 3mo Hawa My3blKa, 3mo Hawe oocmoJJHue. H MbI
iJOJl'JfClIbt He mOJlbKO zopoumbCR meM, t.tmo olia c}'U/ecmB)'em, HO u HenocpeOCm8ellHO
177
MOCKOBCKHE HCnOnHHTEIlH HOBOR -,-,,,-
Yllacmeoeamb e ucnORHeHUU nooo6HbLX npouseeoenuii, nomoMy IImo COBpeMeHHaJl
My3blKa - smo otissamem.noe J1BReHUe B cucmeue MY3blKQJlbHOZO 06Pa306QHUR U BOC
numC1HUR, U, KOHelIHO, xonuepmnoii
28 HOH6pH 1998 rona
Fceynepcreeaaaa 8.Ka,a;eMB"IeCKaS cHMtoHB"IeCK8a K8neJIJI8 POCCHH. Xyno
)f(eCTBeHHDIH pyx.OBOJ.U{Tem. H rnaaasra napaacep - Haponasr apracr POCCRR Bane
pHH K)'3hMlM IIoJUlHcKm:t
lOcY,l\apCTBeHHWl aKa,ueMHqeCKWl CHM4!oHW:leCK8JI KaneJIJIa POCCRH C03.n.a
Ha B oKij[6pe 1991 rona B peayrrsrere CJIH.lIHIDI zrayx KOJIJIeKTHBOB: Focynapcraeaao
ro KaMepHOrO xopa CCCP non ynpasneaaeec Banepas Ilonaacxoro H Focynapcr
seaaoro CHMQ,>oHlflIecKoro opxecrpa MHHHcTepCTBa K)'JID'I)'PhI CCCP, B03rJIaB.JUIe
Moro C 1981 rona leHHa,uHeM PO)l(,lleCTBeHCKHM. BCJIe.a:CTBHe esoea cmrre
rnqeCKOH CTpYKTYPbI Kanenna B03MO)KHOCThIO KO MHOmM
BhI.UaIOm;HMCSI 06P83IlaM xarrrarao-oparopaaasaoro :>KaHpa, TaKHM, aarrpaaep, KaK
Gloria MeCCIDD) Feanens, Meccsr MOQapTa H PeKBKeMhI
Kepy6HHH, Bepna, MOI:\apTa, EpOMCa, Bpyxaepa, Ileopssaxa, "CBalle6Ka C11'aBHH
cxoro, KOJIOKOJIID) PaxMaHHHOBa. Bnaroztaps IDJHn;HaTIlBe PYKOBO,ZUITeIDI KaneJ1JThI
B. IIOJIHHCKoro H3 cneamecxoro -He6hITWI lIIHpOKOH rryfinaxe aoaspanreasr ecsaae
HIDl A. Fpesaaaacsa, I". EepJIH03a, a TaIOKe CTaJIO B03MO)KHhIM 3HaKOMCTBO C
KOH MHOrnx cOBpeMeHHb!X- KOMII03HTOpOB - A. 1lIHlITKe, H. Canensanxcaa,
C. ry6ailIlYJIHHol! ...
Xy.n.omeCTBeHHbIH pyxoaoztarerrs KaHeJlJILI - Hapo,ruu,rn: apTHCT POCCR, Jlaypear
Focynapcraeaao rrpesraa P<l> BaJI.pHH KY3bMll'l nOmIRCKHH (p. 1949) OKOH'lHfl
Moexoaexyro xoncepnaropmo KaK XOpOBOH Jl:HPIDKep (xnacc npodeceopa
E. H. KynHKOBa) B 1972 rony, KaJ( onepHo-CHM<jJoHH'iecKHii ,l\HpHlI<ep (KnaCC npo
<jJeccopa O. A. ,l:\HMHrpH8I\H) B 1973 rozty H acnapaarypy - B 1977-M (PYKO
BOI\HTeJIb- rrpotpeccop r. H. Pozcaecraencxa}, EyllY'lH c1)'lIeHTOM, OH nexoropoe
apees pa60TaJI B TeaTPe oneperrsr, B 1977 rozry ero npHI"JIamaIOT B EOJILmOH 'rearp,
r.n.e eoBMecTHO C r. PO)KJleCTBeHCKHM B. nommcm ocymeeranser nOCT8HOBKY
onepsr Illoeraxoaasa Karepaae H3MaH.nOBID), a TaIOKe ,lJ;lIpIDKHpyer .lJ.PyrHMH cnex
T3KII.HMH. C03.a:aTeJIL 3HaMeHHTOro Xopa Ilonaacxoro, CHlICK8BmerO aBToPHTeT H
enaay 6YKBaJIbHO C nep.BEJX Bh1c1)'IIJIeHHii B 1971 rona, OH 60JIee 25 ner py
KOBO,lJ;llT 3THM BhICOKOKJIaeCHl>IM B TBOpqeCKB HHTepeCHJ.,IM KOJIJIeKTHBOM, nepepoc
UIHM B Tocynapcraeaasra Kaaepnsra xop CCCP, a 3aTeM CTaBlDBH tIaCThIO Kanen
.JII:tl. Besynpeanas BOKam.HO-XOpOBaJI TeXHHKa, T01ffiOCTh BHTOHHpOBa.HIDI, xpacasoe,
CJIHTHOe n03B01DllOT xopy HCnO.JllUITh npoH3Be.n;eHIDI PaJHbIX snox H Ha
rrpasneaaa.
B. K. nOJIHBCKHH:
TaK CRO:HCU!lOCb (a, 6bJmb MO;JICem, smo 6bUJO npeasnauenoeanue ceepxy), IImo 6
penepmyape uataeeo xopa C CaM020 nauana eeo cJTU/ecmeOeaHUJI Cpl13Y oce 60Rbw.oe
Mecmo 3aHRJla uysuxa XXeetca. MbZ nauanu ceoto OeRmeRbHOcmb C XOpOBblX COIlUHe
nuii a cappella ,l(e61Occu, XUHOeMUma, Paeenn, Bpummexa, WUMaHo6cKo20, Buna
Jlo6oca. H xop Ha 3mOM eocnumueancn. K020a KOJlReKmUB C030aaQRCJl, OH He 06Ra
OQJl maKUMU 60RbWUMU 20ROCQ}.fU KaK ceiiuac, OOHaKO ypoeen MY3blKQJlbHOU n0020
mOBKu, lImeHUR e nucma 6bUJ OlleHb eblCOK, maK KaK B xope nenu B OCH06HOM OUPU
xcepu-xopoeuxu u3 KOHcepBp,mopuu, u3 YllwzuUla npu xoucepeamopuu u yuumnua
UM. Hnnonumoea-Heauoea. a maK;ce meopemutcu, 06naoa1OUfue 20nOCQ.MU B mo
6peMR UIJla napannensnan Hao xnaccuxoii (PyCCKOU u 3apy6e;JICHoii) u Hao co
JAKRIO'{EHHE
6peMeHHOU C06emCKOU My3bIKOU. Toeoa smo 6bUlO 603MO:JICHO 6RaZOOapJl mOMy,
ORIl XOp06blX KORJleKmU606 tPY1-fKZ/UOHUP06aJl Manuu 3aJl xoncepeamopuu. (Koncep
eamopus np0600Wla ceGU xauepnue KOHZ/epmbl, nocesuueunue My
3blKaJlbHbLM oamasc) H e my nopy eootnue noUlllO noeempue KaMepHblX K01UleKmU806.
y Hac 3a6R3anaCb oPY:JfC6a e KORJleKmU6aMU u3 3cmoHuu, Jlameuu...
C06peMeHHyKJ My3bUCJ' MbI nauanu UCnOR1-1.Jlmb cepsesuo e 1975 zooa (oo 3mozo
nenu omoenvnue cOllUHeHUJl). If 3mo np0U30U1.JlO 6JlaZOOapR 31WKOMcm6Y, nepepoc
1,

weMy 6 opy:J1C6y, e 3ClMellameJlbHblM xounosumoposc H H CUOeJlb1WK06bW Komo
pbtii cneZ/UaJlb1l0 OJlR Hautezo KOJUleKmU6a (OU.KOHKYPCa (3 Hmanuu) 1tanu<?aJf nbecy
Y.?fC eu zopu MOW) Ha meKcm necuu Topu eopotieeeceue. Couuueuue OKG3Q1l0Cb
upeseuuaiino mpyoHblM, nomoM)' IImo omHOw.eHue xounosumopa K xopy 6blJlO KaK
uncmpyuenmanenoey ancauiinto, oaace KaK K KQ.MepHOM)' opxecmpy. [JpUlleM 3ma
CKpbLmaR opxecmpoexa R6UO npOCJle:JK:U6aJ1aCb 6 UCnORb306aHUU meuamuxectcoeo
Mamepuana OJUl xopa. MO:JfCHO 6bUlO CKQ3amb, IImo 30eCb uzpaem dxieom, mQM
mpoM60H, oanee - cmpynnue u m. n.. 3ameM smo COIIUHeHue pci3POCJlOCb 6 ceMUlla
cmnyto xawmamy COKp06eUHbZ PQ3Z060Pbl (1975). Bmopoe couunenue, omopoe
H H CuoeRbHuKoB Hanucan OJUl Hac, - Pouancepo o R106BU u cseepmu Ha cmuru
</J. Tapcuu JlOP1CU (l977). OUO nocmpoeno ua eumapuou cmpoe. 3mo 6 OCH06HOM
COIIUHeuue a cappella, zoe xop zumapy. Ha MOU 63ZJlJlO, 603HUKU06eHue
aeioec covuneuus: R6WlOCb peeomouueii 6 XOp060M nUCbMe, 6 XOp060M
neHUU. OHO 6bUlO ue noxootce HU Ha IImo, K lIeMy Mbl npueutatu 6 -npeOblO}'UIUe
(C6UpU006, Kanuuuuxoe WlU COIIUHemUl C06emCKUX aemopoe). 3mo tiun
COBepw.eUHO UHOU nooxoo K xopy, UHaR XOpOBaR uHcmpyMeHmoBKa, xomopue
Banu om KOJlReKmU6a 6blCOllaUw.ezo uacmepcmea, BRaoeHUR uomnoii epauomoii, u
C08epw.eUHO UHOZO 80Kana, c60600HOU MaHepbZ neHUR. {Ecm MOR ManeHbKaJl milUHa
KaK II smozo ... !Ipocmo 6Ce OCH08aHO Ha npaeunvuou, ecmecmeennosc ne
UUU. ECRU OUO ecmb, mo ZOJlOC nOO6U:JfCeH, u CHUMaemCR uacca npo6ReM unmonauu
OHHblX u meXHUlteCKlIX, eCRU Hem, - mO CPQ3Y B03HuKalOm eonpocu cmpos, aHct1M6JUl,
OUKZ/UU u m. _o., onucaHHbre 8 ylle6HuKax no JI cmapatocs npuyltumb
ecex ne8Z/08, IImo6bl OUU MbZCJlWlU. 3mo oocmueaemcs, mo OHU ca
MU CJlblw.am u noocmpoueasomcs.)
Ilanee H H CUOeRb.HuK06blM 0JlJl. tunueeo KOJlReKmU6a tiunu nanucanu Cbl
uyauctcue 3ReZUU Ha cmuxu Iiy t1JY (1983).
. 2
C .AAbtPpeOOM Tappueeuueu Illnumxe Ilac maK:JICe C6Jl3blBana Oa8HUw.1-lR1l opysc
6a. Mu n03HaKOMWlUCb 8 197-7 zooy ua ucnORHeHUU eeo Pexeueua. Toeoa 6bUlO mJl
:JfCeROe 8petul, ezo COIlUHeHUR npaxmuaecxu He UCnOR1lJlJlUCb, u unaeue npocmo 6011
RUCb nemb sanpeiqennoe. A II UUllezo ue 60JlJlCR. Ceiiuac 601OCb, a - nem, 6pan
U UCnORHJlJl couuueuue, He Cnpaw.U6aJl paspetuenus. A nOCKORb1ry uuxoeoa HU y KOZO
ue cnpaiuuean, ece oyManu, 1I11W Mue 8Ce MO:cHO. Ilocne 03HaKOMJlemUl C 3mou U3y
MumeRbUOU napmumypou, np0U38eOw.eU ua MeH.Jl oepounoe eneuamnenue, PeK8ueM U
ece xopoeue COltUHeHUR lllnumxenpa-mo 80lU/lU 8 penepmyap xopa.
Hama opY:JIC6aHa nouee My3blKU paciuupnnacs Uyspennsnacu 06u;.eUU10 C
MOUM neoaZOZOM - T. H PO:>lCOeCmBeHcKUM. Ilanee 6bUlU MOCK06CKue npexeepu
Bmopoii u 'Iemeepmou CUMpOHUU, Iioxmopa cJ>aycma. Ilocne ucnORHeHUR Bmopoii
CUMpOHUUII nonpocun eza ltmo-uu6YOb Hanucamb OJlJl. xopa, a ou lteCmHO npusnancx,
I o H. H. Caneasaasoea (1930-1992) CM.: Tpueopseea r. B. HHKona1l
CHl{eJlbHHKOB. - M., 1986, i1woKe: Tpueopseea r. B. Hcm:HHO pyCCKHH KOMn03HTOp: o My.3bIKe
H. CHn:enbHHKoBall MYJbTKa H3 CCCP. Shin. 2. - M., 1996.
206 A. r. ll1HHTXe CM. Owepx emopoa. a -raiose peKOMeHJl:YeM)'fO K HeM)' mtreparypy.
179 HCnOmlliTEJlH HaBoR XOPOBoRMY3blKH XX 8EKA
'Imo xop He O'leHb-mo JJ106UJ1, seOb CaM y'lUJlCR Ha XOpOSOM OmOeJleHUU 8 y'lUJ1uzqe.
OOHaKO nocIJe moeo. KaK OH cmaJl nocezqamb nausu xouuepmu, ezo MHeHUe o xope
KaK 06 uHcmpyMeume cmano MeWl.mbCJL (Kcmamu, OHO cmano MeH/lmbCJL u y opyeux
oupuocepoe u M)'3bIKaHm08, omopue e UClMU
OOHa:JfCObl 6blJl O'leHb 3a6asublu musoo. Kas-mo pas Mbr CO Illnumxe OORZO 6e
ceOOSaJlU no meneipony O My3bIKe EOpmHJlHCKOZO, Hauxoecxoeo, uao omopoie II s mO
8PeMJl paiioman. OH MHOZO cnpaWUSaJl. Ha opyzoii oeHO MbI ecmpemunucu Ha
J(eKa6pbCKUX eesepax 8 llywKUHCKOM uysee (CJlYWQJlU Bpummena). Ilocne KOH
uepma, Kozoa amanu yxooumb, OH, OOeSl1RCb, CKa3QJl ClOMOpOM: Tu- cmpcuuxuii
'1eIJ06eK. J[ CMym.UJ1CR. OH npooonocun: C m060u cmpaumo 06zqambCJl. JI euepa
nOCJle Pa3Z060pa e m060u He MO?yCHymb..., 'iy8cm6y1O, 'imo OOJl;}fCeH uma-ma Hanu
camo. Ces u HanUCQJl. 11lllnumxe MHe Tpu Oyx06'HbU" xopa'... YoueumenbHl1R
My3blKa.
MbrjJpeo OOJlZO UCKQJl nodxoollzquii meKcm OJIR H060Z0 XOp060Z0 npoU38eOeHUJl.
H, eCJlU MHe He U3MeWl.em ntlMJlmb, xounosumop T. Maucypsu, pano yweowuu u3
::cU3HU, eMy C60pHUK, e xomopou 6bUlU cmuxu Fpuzopa Hapexauu. Bcxope
tsmo 6bUlO seCHOU 1984 zooa) Illnumxe npuuec xop, Ha'lQJlbHble cmpoxu xomopoeo
BCeM meM, Kmo 6HUK'Hem 6 cyiunocms cKop6HblX CIJ08... JJ. Bnepeue Mbl UcnOIJHUJJu
smo CO'iUHeHUe Ha CmClM6YJlbCKOM rjJecmu8aJle14 U10M 1984 zooa 6 Z/epK6U Cesmoii
11pUHbl. (J[ 8cma6UJJ ezo 6 npOZpQM.My Ha ceou cmpax u pUCK') Humepecuo 0111Me- .
mumb, 'Irno Ha CJleoylOU/-UU oeHb Mbl nenu opyzy1O npOZpQM.My, HO Hac nonpocuuu uc
nOJlHUmb emom xop 6H06b, n03mOMY Mbl nenu eeo 06a:J!CObt Ycnex 6bUl ZPaHOU03
HblU, a 6 MOCK6e - CKaHOQJl. J[ nOcma8UJJ smo 8 npoepauuy tconuepma.
npoxooueueeo s My3ee UM. u c pyxoeoocmeou uyses; U C omoenou-nynvmy
pbl MOCK8bl Y Hac 6bI/l KOHrjJJlUKm. Ho JI nacmosn, u Mbl sci! ce UCnOJlHUJlU srnom
xop. Illuumxe eeo moeoa enepeue yCJlblWQJl. Ha tconuepme moeoa npucymcmeoean u
r. H PO;JICOeCmSeHcKUu.
Ba:JICHO sauemume, 'imo np0U30UlJla ma ;JICe cumyaZ/UJl, 'Imo u c CuoenbHu
KOSbrM. xounosumop ycnsuuan OOUU xop, mO nonxn, vmo Hy:JfCHO OOCO'iUHUmb
'ima-mo etue. 11oanee Illnumxe CO'lUHWI etue mpu 'lacmu, u 3ame.M OH nOC6RmUJJ Xo
pOSOU KOHZ/epm KaMepHOM)' xopy u MHe. Ilpeusepa onuepma cocmOJUlaCb s 1986
zooy 8 MY3ee usotipasumenenux UCKJlCcm6 UM. Ilyuncuna (3aMembme, OnJlmb He <jJu
JlapMOHU'IeCKl1R 1VloU/aOKa)J nomOM 6bUla MOCK06CKl1R OCeHO, llpa:JHXKl1R 8ec
Ha... 11 60JlbWOUycnex.
Ilocne UHCYJlbma Illnumxe HanUCaJl CmUXU nOKl1RHHble, - smo oseu mpyonoe
npouseeoenue. MHe nputunocs so MHOZOM ezo peoaxmupoeame, nomoMy 'Imo MHozue
seU/u xounosumop He pacuuuppoeuean; 6 OCH08HOM 6bI/lU nanucana ZapMOHUJl,
oipopsme 8epXHUU ZOJlOC, pU111M. Ilomou 'imo-mo nonpaennnu SMecme, HO MHO
zoe lllnumxe ocmasUJJ maK, KaK JI, y;JICe 6 npouecce penemuuuis
SHOCUJJUCb KaKUe-mo xoppexmueu. Cmuxu nOKQJlHHbZe no UHmOHaZ/Uu C08ceM He
noxo::HCU Ha Xopoeou KOHZ/epm. 3mo cosuuenue.oseu xpacueoe U 3MOZ/UOHQJlbHOe,
enpoueu, KaK u SCJl My3blKa Illuumxe.
Kaumama Hcmopun ooxmopa </JaycmaJJ noemCJI HeCKOJlbKO eave, mate KaK Ha
nucaHa C conpOSO;JICOeHUeM. Ho nopoi; ece mo, 'Imo C conpOSO:JfCOeHUe.M, y'lumcR. zo
Pa300 CJJO:JH;Hee.
I TPH CMemaHHI>IX xopa a cappella - 1. Boroponaue .ne8o, pa.nyAcJi 2. Focnona Hacyce 3. OT'Ie
HaW- 6wnH HanHCaHLJ A. Ilhcrrxe B 1984 rallY.
3AKJlJO'lf:HHE
PaHbwe 6blm08anO matcoe uxenue, umo My3bzKa eNER xopa - smo My3blKa emopozo
copma. Ho 3mo C08CeM He max! Hacmomuuii xop (R UMelO 8 8UOY a cappella) CpOO1-lU
xauepnouy ancautimo, eapmemy, K8uHmemy. Xopu Bpauca, J(e6lOccu, Paeenx ZO
pQ300 CRO::JJCHee cnemb, l/.eM cuepams ux np0U38eoeHUR, nomo
.M)' I/.mo Ol/.eHb MHOZO mOHKUX 3nU30008, npospauuoii HKJl1HCUP08KU, fjJunup08KU...
Ka:JfCObZU pm, 1<OZoa 6epeWbCR. sa COI/.U1-leHUe, meM 60Ree, sa coepeseeuuoe, mo
npuxooumcx eucmpaueams uncmpyueum 3aH080 (a meM 60Ree xop - smo
::J1CU60U uncmpyseenm): mpetiyemcn uHmOHaZ/UR, HeMHOZO opyeoc penemu
Z/UOHHbIU npouecc. XOmJl R, 6 06Uf.eM, He DeRalO 60RbWOZO pa30eReHUR ueocoy pasy
I/.U6aHUeM KJlaCCUl/.eCKOU u coepeueunou My3bIKU. MY3bzKa CQMa oUKmyem. Ji ues

cnoscnee unmonauuonnuu u BOKaJlbHbZU MamepUaJl, meM OCmOp0:JfCHee K HeMy npu
xooumcn nooxooume, I/.m06bZ npa6WlfJlIO eeo nemb. Beo KaK 1-lal/.HeWb ptl3YI/.U8amb,
max OaJlbWe u Ecnu zoe-mo npoucxooum owu6Ka, mo COI/.UHeHUe OaJlbWe
He uoem. Jl OORZO eneeato RlO60e COI/.UHe1-lUe; RlO6RlO nonemb, OmJlO::JfCUmb, no
mOM eepnymucn, KOHeI/.HO, ecnu uem ocotiou ((Z01-lKU. X01TlR. ceiiuac Y:JfCe nOWeJl
nomox. Panuue R. UMeJl maK}'JO B03MO::J/C1-l0Cmb, sapanee nnauupoean, OORZO
BbZ1-laWUBaJl npouseeoenue...
H H CUOeJlbHU1<OB U A. r. Illnumee - 3mo COBeJAUeHHO H08QJl 3nOXa B XOPOBOU
My3blKe emopoii nOR06UHbl xx'" eexa. 3mo nOORUH1-lble peBOR104U01-lepbZ, xomopue
omHOCUJIUCb K xopy, 1<a1< K uncmpyuenmanunouy aHcQM6RlO, KaK K opxecmpy. 3mu
08a aemopa Ol/.eHb n08JlWUlU Ha Me1Ul, u, KOHel/.1-l0, Ha mBOpl/.eCKUU pocm u ypoeen
xopa. Ji B C8010 R OyMQ1O, I/.mo maKue COI/.UHeHUR KaK COKp08eHHbZ pa320
80PbZ CUOeRbHUK08a u Xopoeou KOH4epm Lllnumxe 6bUlU C030aHbl 80 -MHOZOM 6Ra
mOMy, mo 6bUl maxoii xop, KaK HCllU.
He MOZy He 8cnOMHumb eUf.e maKUX UHmepeCHbZX aemopoe, KaK P. C. u
10. M EYZ/KO. 3mu saueuamemauee, xptcue xounosumopu OKmaJlUCb C08eputeHHO He
U3-3a moii ::JfCl.I3HeHHOU cumya4uu, xomopan cnO::cURaCb 80KpYZ
omoeo nOKOJleH'UJl. IIMU Mbl COI/.UHe1-lUJl. u P. K. Ilieopuua: &0 J(epe8HU pyccxue
Hpa8RmCRMHe oo cux nop.
Ho OR.R Me1Ul 8Ce ce ocmaxnncs 08a K)lMupa - CUOeJlbHUKOB u Illnumxe. CQMoe
enaeuoe, Ilmo y HUX Olle1-lb UCKpeHHRJl. .M)'3bIKQ. J(R.R ee ucnORHeHUR om ecex My3blKaH
m08 Mt1KCUMaJlbHaJI omoaua. JIlO6QJl fjJaJlbutb CPQ3Y 6y
oem cntauota. A 3mo CQMoe cmpaumoe OR.R maKOU My3blKU, uuaue OHa ...
12 snsapa 1999 rona
DOBLIH MOCKOBCKIIH xop. Xynoxecrscaasra pyx:OBO)J;HTCJIb R - Eneaa
neoHIl)'J;OBHa PaCTBOpoBa.
HOBI:.m MOCKOBCI<:HH xop 6lJJI OCaOBaH B 1991 rony E. H. Pacrsopoao
,lJ,J1JIlfCIIOJIHeHIDI cOBpeMeHHoH XOpOBOH M)'3I:.lKH. TIo HHIDJ;Hanme 3. ,lJ;eHHcoBa Kon
neKTHB eran qrreaOM ACCOIUHuum COBpeMemlOH My:JI:.IKH IIpR COlO3C KOMII03HTO
pOB CCCP. O.D:HaKO nocne csrepra ,lJ;eRllCOBa rronncpaxa xopa co CTOpOH:r:.I ACMa
rrpaJCTHqeCKH rrpesparanacs.
Eneaa JIeoHHAOBBa PaCTBopOBa (p. 1955) OKOJPmJIa MOCKOBCKOC rocynapcr
aeaaoe M)'3I:J.Ka.rn"Hoe HM. M. M. I1rrnOJIHTOBa-HB8HOBa (1975) H rOpLKOB
CK)'lO rocy).lapCTBCHH)'IO xoacepsaroparo HM. M. H. Trraaxa (1986). B 1986 rony OHa
OpraIm30BaJIa xop <<BUTpaJKH, xcropsr npoc}'II(eCTBOBaJI 15 ner, BI:.lcT)'TIanaa MRO
rax - Troafk. xax <<MOCKOBCK8JI ocens, <<Am.TepHaTHBID>, cnenan
50JThillOe KOJIHlIeCTBO aerrace.
lA MY3bIl<H XX BEKA
Opraaasarras Hoeoeo MOCK08CKOZO xopa - HOBbrH eran B rrpo4JeccIIOHa.JILHOH
xapsepe E. PaCTBOpOBOH. B cocraae KOJIJIeKTIIBa pa6oTa1OT 24 neana, KaJK,Z:J;F.J:if M3 KO
TOpbIX aeeer nsrcmee M}'3bIKaJThHOe 06p330BaHHe (B OCHOBHOM ,ll;HpHmepCKO-XO
posoe mm reoperrrsecxoe) M MOmeT nsrcrynars KaJ( COJmCT, aarepnperarop COBpe
MeHHOH M}'3bIKH. HaH60JIee 3Ha"'mTeJThH}'lO sacrs penepryapa xopa COCTaBrunoT CO
'lliHeHHJI HOBOli My3bIKR XX aexa - 3. ,!\eHHeoBa, C. ry6all)lJJIHHoli, A. Bycraaa,
M. Taraanae, O. MeCCMa.Ha, K. Ilenaepenxoro, ,l(. JlHrern, .5I. KCeHaKHCa. CO'llHHe
rraa 3TI!X aBTOpOB 6hIJ1H HCrrOJIHeHDI Ha MBOI1IX MC}K,lJ;)'HapO,lJ;IU.JX 4JeCTHBamDC. CO
BpeMCHHOH M}'3bIKH, UPOXO,lI;HBDIHX KaJ( B POCCBJI, Tax II sa py6emoM. B penepryape
'KOJIJIcKTHBa I!OMHMO cOBpeMeHHoH M}'3bIKH m.t:eeTCSI MHoro CBerCIGlX H rryxoaasrx
XOPOBbIX COlfiIHemm pyccxax KOMII03IITOpOB XlX -XX BeKOB - II. l{a:iiKOBCKOro,
C. Paxsranaaoua, II. l{CCHOKOBa, ,l{. A. Apxaarenscxoro, C. Taaeesa,
r. CnHpMOBa, o6pa6oTKH rraponaax necea, a TaIOKC eaporrecxax M}'3:EJKa OT 6a
poKKO ,ll.O pOMaBTHKOB. BblCOKKH: rrpo4JeccHOHa.JIH3M n03BOJLller KOJIJIeKTImy ayres
THtmO MCUOJIIDITI,. M}'3bIK)' Pa3.JIH11H:EJX snox M aarrpaaneaa. HOBLIH MOCKOBCKllii xop
MBoro racrponapyer sa py6emoM, nenaer 3aIIHCH (B HX -.mCJIC MO)KHO BLI,l(eJIHTh XO
poasre eO'lliHeHHJI 3. Ileaacoaa I Pyccaajt ee30ID>, 1996).
E. JI. Pacraopoaae
l.fm06bl nemb H08)l1O MY3blK)l XX eetca mpetiyemcs rPU3UOJlO2Ul{eCKaR nepecmpoii
Ka opeanuswa CaM.UX ucnonnumeneii, u 8 nepeyto 01{epeOb - CJlyx08t1Jl. Ilocse OOJlZUX u
U3HypUmeJlbHbLX HallaRbHbLX penemuuuii Mbl nonpocmy YXOOUIJU C 60RbHbl.MWJ )'Ula
MU, maK KaK ooneoe 6PeMJl nRU mpaOUl1UOH1l}'lO ZOMOrjJOHHo-zapMOHUlleCKJllO
.M)I3blKJI UlJU 6ax06CKJllO nOJlurjJOHUlO, KOmOpt1Jl cnuuuua u nonsmua. B coepeuen
HOU ::JK:e My3blKe Hy::JK:HO npucnytuuaamum, aHaRU3UpO
samb, nOlleM:Y axxopou ue Cmp01l17W, U, coom6emcmoeHHO, U3MeH.Jlmb unmonupoea
nue OOHOU u moii ::JK:e zparjJUl{eCKOU Hombl. H3 tcypca Mbt npexpacno
nOMHUlJU, vmo OOUH u mom ::JK:e 38)'K uumonupyemcn nO-pa3HO.M)l, 6YOb mo mepuus,
eapma UlJU cenmw.fa o aKKOpoe, HO OC60umb U npw.feUUmb smo Ha npaxmutce ZO
Pa300 CJlO::JICHee, - om me6R oce epeun 6blmb 6 patiome, w.femb
axmuenuii CJlYX, nOCmOJlHHO noocmpaueamecn. Haiueuy KO/lJleKmuy
oanOCb HeCKORbKO Rem, l{m06bl meXNUllecKUU 6apbep, - 3lnO, 6e3YCJl06
HO, CJlO:CNt1Jl, mUmaHUl{eCKaR a 3ame.M yoce nOJl6U1JaCb c8060oa ucnOR
NeHUR. Bnaeane HaM npuiunocs HayclUmbCJl Cl{Umamb, U xopoeue COllUHeHUR
3. Iieuucoea cmanu OJZJl. Hac yl{e6HUKOM, WKOROU pumua (Pa3RUl{Hble
ezo K6UllmORU, cenmoRu, mpUORU u m. O.). Ilocne 3mozo 3mana nepeo HaMU 6cmanu
OOKaRbHble np06ReMbJ, ZOJlOOOROMHble 6 UHmOHaLJUOHHOM omHoweHUU. If Hawu 3KC
nepuueumu OKa3aJlUCb yoal{Hbl.MU, - Mbl UCnORHUlJU HOllU Kcenaxuca, uanucau
Hble o 1967 eooy 8 vemeepmumonoeou cucmeMe OJZJl. 12 COJlbHblX ZOROCOO UlJU CMe
waHHOZO xopa.
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cmaORJlem mo, l{mo npaxmusectcu cpasy, 6 tcounnetcce peiuame MHOZO
3aOal{ - maKUX, KaK UHmOHup06aHue, cmpoii, aHcaM6Rb, OUKl/UR, OUHa
MUKU, K mOMy oce eoxansuan scanepa, - 6 WUPOKOM yuucoue
PYCCKOU OOKaRbHaU mpaouuuu MHozue eaocnue COOpeMeHHOU My3btKU npo
cmD nponaoym. Xop - smo :J1CU80U uncmpyuenm, 06 3mOM MHOZO Z060PUIJU maKue
pasuue KOMn03UmOpbl, KaK J(eHuc06, COUpU006. XOmJl. Ilenucoe 6bUl HezamU6HO Na
cmpoeu K C6UPUOOOY, MHe Ka:JfCemCJl, o6a 3mux xounosumopa 6bUlU oo MHOZOM
-.
owen CXO:JfCU no omuoiuenuto K ce6e, Kpa6ome, K JllOOJlM. DHU MOZ/lU, xomeRU u OKa
3blOaRU 8JlURHUe Ha cyob6bl mooeu, opeauusyz 6blcmYnJleHUJl, xouuepmu.

3AKJIIOl.JF:HHE:
182
B xacmamuee epeun, I,me KQ:eemCR, coeeptuenna ue ucnomaytomcs 803MO:J1CUO
cmu xopa CaM020 no ce6e (6e3 dioxycoe), - ue npUM.eH.RemCR
cYM.MQ 3MOZ/UU XOpOB020 KOJlJleKmUeQ, 06JlQOQlOlqeZO 60JlbUlUMU 6blpa3UmeJlbHbLMU
B03MO:JJCHOCmJlMU u cunou. Hy:>ICRO cmapamucsi coiipamv u COeJlamb 3my cyM.M.UpO
6QHHY1O UHmOHQZ/ulO I/.pe36b!l/.aiu-lo anonnennoii.
30 aroas 1998 rozta

XopOBLIe COtDIHeHIDl, paccssorpcaasie B KHHre COBpeMeHBaJI XOpOBasI Mj'3bIKa:
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noaoro CTOJJeTID{, HO H 60nee qaCToMY HCnOJIHCHJIK) OTIOOJtb aerrpoersrx cospeaea
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HRQe npoasaeneaaa, 6e3ycnoBHo, oxassmaer BJIlUIHHe na meXHUK)' ucnonnenus. }lc
HOCnpencraaneeae TOro, 'ITO aa M}'3LIKa nepen :RaMB, BO MHOrOM ,l:(aeTOTBeT Kalt ee
HCnOJIHllTb. A lIO CJJOBaM nenarora-eosmoaaropa <1>. M. repIIIKOBH'la (1906--1989),
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aaesannarassysae. B OTJIH1IHe OT .u;aeH3,llQRTHTOHOBOCTH, 1'paK'IYCMOH xax CHCTe
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pcneneuasce 06pa30M CTp)'ICIYpHpOBaHlIWi H rrocrosrrrro BOCnpOH3BO.llHMWl coao
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rsaas.
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CepUllJlU3M - Mero.z:t CO'lJHReHml M)'3bIKH npa ITOMOJ:IU! cepa rrsyx HJIH 60JIee rra
paaerpos (nOMHMO B!dCOThl- PH1'Ma, ,llHHaMHKH, apraxynsnaa, TeM6pa H T. n.),
FeMUmOHURQ (OT rpelJ. hentit6nion - nonyron) - rrorryroxcaaa 3BYKOBWl CHC1'C
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aanpaxep, OT XpOMa'I1[qeCKOH TOH8.1lbHOii: CHCTCMbI, rne OTJJ;eJII,lIbl:H 3B)'K npaaanne
"'HT 60rree KpynH0MY e,llHHCTBY -llKKOPJIY).
Pomauueii HB3LIBaeTCH raxoe noCJIe,ZJ;OBaHHe :meMeHTOB cepaa, npa KOTOPOM
rrepBLIii 3B)'K npensmymero PAAa CTaHOBHTCJi nOCJIe,IJ;HHM (aanp. 1234 2341) .
TepMMHbI npHBO,IUITCA anees B an$aBHTHOM: ncpanxe, a no xepe nosaneaaa I II KHMt"e, <:0
OTBeTC'I1lHM C maSaMH nepaort 'laCTH: mana 1 - )lo.nexa"'oHH.II. CepHHHoCTh. CepHa1Il>HOCTb; rnaaa 2
COHOpHK8. AnearopHxa; rnaaa 3 - <I>0PMYnbHaH ICOMfi03HUW! K. Ilfroxxayaena.
186 CJlOBAPb TEPMHHOB
PeKOMeHJlYeM8J1 mrrepe-rypa
FYJlRllUl1KaJl H C. Baenerrae B COBpeMeHHYK> rapMOHHIO. - M., 1984.
Ileuucoe 3. B. )J;O,lleKa<p0HIDI li cOBpeMeHHoH KOMno3HTopCKOH TeXHH
KH II Myasnca H COBpeMeHHOCTh. BbIII. 6. - M., 1969.
K020ymeK If. TeXHBKa KOMn03Hr.um BMY3LIKe XX sexa, - M., 1976.
Kyp6amCKQR C. A. CepHHHaJI My3I:.IKa: BOnpOCL1 reopaa, HCTOpHH, 3CTeTIUrn.
M., 1996.
XORonoB lO. H. 3a,naHIDl no rapMOHHH. - M., 1983.
Xononoe 10. H KTO asofipen 12-ToHOBYK> TeXHHK}'? II IIpo6rreMI.I HCTOPHH 3BCT
pO-HeMeIlKOH M)'3LIKH. IIepBCUl rpers XX aexa: C6. TpY,llOB rMl1M
HM. [HeCHHblX. BbID. 70. - M:, 1983.
K r-naa e 2
COHOPUKQ (M)'3I:.IKa 3ByqHOCTeii) B IIIHpOKOM CMMCJIe CJIOBa nOHHMaeTC5I KaK CHC
reaa CPC,llCTB BLIpa3HTeJIhHOCTH B rapMOHHH. Ona BKJUOQaeT 3BY
-qaHIDl pasmrsaoa CTeneHH conopnocmu, KpaCO'!JHOCTH M)'3LIKa.m.Horo MarepHarra.
Conopnocms pacrronaraercx Me:lK,lO' TOHOBOCThIO li {{MY3L1Koii IIIyMOB. Ycraaos
neaa TpeXCTylleHBWI rpaztanaa COHOpH01t CHCTeM!>l:
xonopucmuxa - HaHMCHLnIaJl creneas TeM6poKpacolffiocm npa pa3JDfIIeHHH
scex H1IH 60JThIIICH xacra TOHOB, TO eers no.rr;qepKHyrax pOID> KpaCKB B 06LI'lHoit TO
HOBoH M)'3LIKe;
canoputca - CHJILH3JI CTeneHL TeM6poKpaco1JHocm npa pa3JlH'leHUH MCHbWCH
qaCTH TOHOB H HHTepBaJlOB;
canopucmuua - oxeas CH1IbHaJl creneas HpH asyxax HC
onpcnenenao BLICOlDl.
PeKOMeB.ZQ'eM8H J1HTep8TYp8
MaK1lb12WI A. JI. COHopHKa B M)'3L1Ke COBeTCKlIX KOMU03HTOpOB.
KaH,lJ,H,l\aTCKoii .l\HcceJlTllIlHH. - MrK., 1986.
Xononoe K). H. 3a,llaRWlIJO rapxoaaa. - M., 1983.
MUKpOnOJJucjJoHUR - BH.Il COHOpUKU
1
yrO.JI:IQeHH3JI, CJIO)I(HasI MeJlO,!J;R'leCKaJl
TKaHb, B KOTOpOH HC'le38lOT omensaae ronoca, a M)'3LIKaJIl:,HbIMH 3JleMeHTaMH OKa
3bl8a.K>TC.sI HX CITneTCHIDl. Ilo CJlOBaM .n. Jlarera, 3a$HKeu:pOBaRHaH B naprarype rro
mllpOHIDI HC .n;OIDKBa cnennarscx; MbI CJThIllIHM HC norm<poHmO, a TO,'-no OHa nopo
'eneer.
remepoepOHUR - .npeBReH:uurli M)'3LIKa.m.HbIit CKJIa,ll. npOMelKYfOtIllI.m Me)K,l(}'
MOHO)IW1CCKHM H nOJIH<pOHH'leCKHM. OCROBHbie" npH3Ha:KH: O,ll;HOBpCMCHHoe aaysa
RHe BapHaRTOB O.n;HOH MeJIO.llHH 6ro <PYHKUHOHa.m.Horo pa3JIIf1JeHlUl roJIOCOB H CO
3ByqHH. Ha OCHOBaRHH npusaaxa COBMelI:{cHH.sI MeJIO.u;H'q:eCKHX BapHaHTOB K zemepo
epOHUU npwmcJUIIOT HCKOTOpLIe <paKTYPH&Ie XBJIeHIDl M)'3bIKH XX aexa
(MHororOJIOClJl,re nJIaCTLI, IIO)lo6HO MeJIo.n;HH),
<
e,
187 CJIOBAPb TEPMHHOB
PeKOMeHJlYeM3H mrreparypa
II M)'3bIKaJThHbIil 3Hl\HKJlOneAH'leCKHH CJIOB'p'. - M., 1990.
C. 134-135.
Jl06QH06QM H ):(bep.ltb Jlnrera: 3CTeTH'::IeCKHe asrnsnsr It: TBOp'lJ:CCKaH rrpaxraxa
60 - 70-x roztos. KpH'I'HKa H pa3MLUDJIeHIDI /I TeopIDI H npaxraxa COBpeMeHHOH
6ypll<)'aJHoll KYJIbTyp'I: KpHTHKH: C6. 1pYJ\OB fMIm: HM. fHeCHHbIX.
BIdII. 94. - M., 1987. - C. 148-149.
Aneamopuxa (OT nar, alea- 3HaMeHHTOe alea jacta est - <OKpe6IDi
fipomea) B M}'3LIKe 31'0 reXHH;Ka KOMn03It:n;HH, npemronaraiomas M06HJlbHOCTL
(aeaaxpenrremsocrs) MY3LIKaJILHOrO reKCTa (TK3HH, lflopMloI B nenora mm ee xacre).
OZpaHUlI.eHHtul
l
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l
aneamopuxa B. J1KrrOC.n3BCKOro OCHO
saaa Ha npHMeHeHHH MY3&IKH, B KOTOpOR B:bICOTa aayxa crporo lflHKcHpyeTC.R, HO
05I1lHH Merp crcyrcrayer. ,!(HpIDKep nOKa3LIBaeT Ha'lJ:aJIO KaJK,llOH CeKJJ;HH, a sayrpa
aee MY3:bIKaHThI HI"paK>T (noior) C8MOCTOsre1I:bHO, ynO.n06IDu1Cb COJmCTaM.
H:bIe anearopasre (TO ecrs HeTaKTHPyeM:bIe) ceKIUIH 0603Ha'lJ:eH:bI CneIJ;lIaJIbH:bIMH
c1peJIKaMH l- .
JIKYfOCmlBCKHH: B CBOHX npOH3Be,ll;eHHHX 'lJ:aCTO CO'lJ:CTaeT cesnaa,
T3KTI1pyeMble B 1pll)lH1\HOHHOM CTIlJIe (a battuta - - ) H .
HeT8KTHpyeMIde, HCnOJIIDleMh1e CB060.u;n0 (cxonnexraanoe ad libitum - t-) .
PeKOMell,l:Ql"eM3S JlBTep3TYP3
Beceou HPUHbl HUKOJlbCKOU e BUmOJlbOOM JllOmOCJlQ6CKU.M. CTaTLH. Bocnoaa
HaHID<. - M., 1995. - C. 6J.
Koeoymex 1.( Texaaxa KOMII03l1IlHH B M}'3LIKe XX sexa. - M., 1976.
Sprechgesang (HeM.), Illnpexresasr - oc06aJ1 MaIlepa neHIDI, npOMe)K}LO'q}laJI
Me)K,lly pessro H neHHeM. 3an:HC:b napnm ronoca - Sprechstimme (llInpeXIIITHMMe.
6)'KB. - paarcsopxoro ronoca) - HecKOnLKO OTJIl[qaeTCH OT 05LNHOH BOKaJILHOii
CTpO'IKH: IIlTIUIH HOTHLIX 3HaKOB nepesepxayrsr KpeCTHK8MH. Pasneneaae
Sprechgesang C eucomoa u OlleHb npU6JlU3UmeJlbHOU BBe.neHO
A. Illeafiepross. ECnH B ero ,<lIYHHOM Ilsepos (1912) MenOJ\eKJIaMaI1Hl1 0603H''I'
nacs C TO"UILIM pHTMOM Ha HOTHOM crane, TO B One K Hanoneoay (1942) napTIUI
Sprechstlmme OTMe'lJ:aJIaCh Ha o,ZJ;HoA JIHHeHKe (KaK y,ll;apmrH HHCTpYMeRT 6e3 onpe
,ll;eneHHoit Bf:dCOThI): 3B)'KH aaxonsrca astme HJIH HBJKe OCHOBHOH Bh1COThI (JIlfHHH) Ha
,ll;OnOJIHHTe1I:bHhIX xcproxxax BLune It: HIDKe ee. 3Ha'lJ:eHHe repsraaa Sprechstimme
0603Ha'lJ:eHO Hlenfieprosr B npenacnosaa K Me.nO,Iq)aMe <<.JIYHHbrH Ilsepo H yxasaaa
lIX B naprarype onepsr Cq.CTnHBaJl PYKll (1908-1913)" ,"TeM Beprosr B npena
CnOBHIt: K onepe Bonuex (1914-1921), rne rOBOpHTCJI cnenyromee:
Menonax B BOKaJIbHOit napraa, aarracaaaas 00060 OTMe'lJ:eHHhIMH HOTaMH, He
npemrasaaxeaa JUUl neHHJI. Sanaxa HCHOmUlTeJlil - npesparars ee B peveayro Meno
,ll;HIO [Sprechmelodie], BImMI:lIem.HeHIIIHM 06pa30M OTHeCHCh K 0603Ha'lJ:eHHOH BblCO
Te 3Bj'KOB. ,l:VUJ: sroro HCnOJIHnTemo He06xo,lUIM0:
CJ10BAPb TEPMHHOB 188
1. BLJ,nep:If<:HB3Tb pRTM (H J])IHTeJILHOCTH 3Byx.OB) TaK )Ke TO'tJHO, KaK B nCRHH, TO
ecrs co He 60JILIIIeit, 'lJeM OH MQ:lKeT ce6e n03BOJlHTb npa HcnOJIHeHHH
06LItIJ-IOH BOKaJJbHOH MeJI01l,HH;
2. 5!CHO nOHHM3Th pa:3JIHlIHe MeJK.UY neBl:JeCIGIM H pe'tleBLIM 3ByxOM: BOKam.HLIH
3BYK TBep.110 ynepacasaer B.bICOTY, a peseso, eztsa ee 0603H3tIHB, T}'T)Ke ee nOKH
naer, I10B:EdlIIasICL R1IH nOHH)I(aJlCL, npaxea, OJlHaKO. BEJCOTHI:.le.COOTHOmeHIDI
HOB nepenaiorcs COOTBeTCTBeHHO )'KaJaHHhlM.

3. I1CIIOJIHIITenL norosea ocreperarscs M3HepLI npoH3HeceHHJI aapacnea. 3To a6
tOJllOTHO ne HMeJIOeL B BH):()'. O,D;HaKO HH B KoeM cnysae He cnenyer C1'peMHThC.sI lC
H3TYPaJIaCTWIeCKOH pesa, Hanporas, paanavae Mexm)' petIDlO 06LIID10H R M}'3I:J
KaJILIIO o!llopM.neHHOH .uOJD!CHO 6mb OTtieTJIHBLIM. Ho nocJIe.ziIDvl aaxorna. He
.llOJDKHa HanOMHH3TL nemre.
Ba)KJ-IOe .llOnOJIHeHHe HMeeTCR B npasresaaaa K IX l:JaCTH <<1IYHflOro Ilsepo
(<<Mom.6a K Ilsepo): <<PetIHTaIJ,HJI .uOIDKHa KaI< 6I:iI HaMCKOM nepenaaars BI:iICOTY
KOB. (BaJKHO OTMeTHTb, -rro aasan cosaaeaae op. 21 HMeHRO c.<<MOm.6bI
K IIbepo)).) !
I
PeK.OMeH.llYeM8S JlHTepaTYp8
\
Bepz A. BOU:U:CK. Ilpenacnoaae x onepe. - M., 1977. - C.8 I
I
MerroJ\eKJIaMaI\IDl!! M)'3bIK8JIbHWI 3HUHKJIOne)lIDl. T. 3. - M., 1976. - C. 510
,
511.
3RUK M. Sprechgesang B <<.JIymrOM Jlsepo A.lIIeH6epra!! M)'3bIKa HCOBpeMeH
HOCTb. BbIII. 7. - M., 1971.
K t-nane 3
B POPMYJlbHQU KOMnO:Juliuu nenoe COl:JlInCUHC paCKpbIBaeTCH 113 onpenenesnoa
cflOpM)'JlbI - TO, 'tITO rorna 6LInO cepac, .lVIJI MCIilI reneps cfloPMYml
(K. llITOKXa)'3eu). Ilo onpeneneaaso KOMTI03HTOpa, popMYJla - 60nbme, lJeM neiiT
MOTHBHbrH HmI nCUXOZpaMMHblU 3HaK, fionsme, l:JCM paaseprsraaromaaes reMa Hm!
reaepapyessaa CCpIDI: cflopM)'JIa - MaTPm:J;a H nJIaH MlIKpO H MaKpO-cflOPMl>I, HO, H, B
TO )Ke il:pCMH, ncaxasecxaa 06pa3 H xapraaa Kone6amrlt eynpasrearamao
[sstemea] MaHHcflecTaWlH. TcpMHH nCUXOZpaMMHblU 3HaK 0603nal:JaeT
OTpaJKCUHe B M}'3bIKC nCHXOJIOnrqecKHX moaneos npoaexonsmero, cioseeraoro,
rrepenasry nCHXOJIO:rwIeCKOn araoediepsr cpeneraasra M}'3I:iIKH})l .
Cynept/JopMyJla - CJIO:>KH351 MHororiapaMeTpOBaR cTPYKTYPa, B KOTOPOH KIDK,D;bm
napaxerp, H3MCp.SleMbrH BHYlJlH CC6.S1, - 3BYXOBbICOTHOCTb (BI:iICOT3., JJHHIDl), pHTM,
JmHaMHKa, TeM6p, cflOHeTIiKa, apraxynauas - BC.ueT ce6.S1 caMOCTO.SITeJll:,HO. Ilapaeser
psr OC06bIM HpOCIJ;HP)'lOTC.s ua BCe H BCT)'IIaIOT npyr CJJJlyrOM
B p33JIHl:JHLIe B3a.HMOOTHomeuWI.
Cynept/JopMyJla oprasaaeexa o6'LC,llIl1UIeT B ce6e UeCK01ThKO cfloPMYJI. Hanpasrcp,
B cynept/JopMYJle Oml eenmanoeuu CBET ua TPex CTpOKax B pae-
I B OpHI"HHane: Die Formei ist mehr, als lcltmotivisches oder psychogrammhaftcs Zeichen, mehr,
als fortzuspinnendes Thema oder generierende Reihe: die Forrnel ist Matrix und Plan von Mikro- und
Makrofonn, zugleich aber auch Gestalt und Schwingungsbild einer supramentalen Mani
festation. CM.: Stockhausen K. Texte zur Musik 1977-84. Kompositlon. Band 5. DuMont Buchverlag,
1989. - S. 667.

189 CJJOBAPb TEPMHHOB
noncoseasi rpex rnamrsrx repoea orrepaoro llHK.1Ia: MHXa3Jl.ll, ESbI H Jlro
OHa anonae MO)t(eT 6bITb HCnOJIHeHa Kate CaMOCTO,SlTenbHOe COtIHHeHHe.
PeKOMellJJYeMaJl mrreparypa
llPOCHJlK06 M. T. 06 OCHOBHLIX rrpenrrocsrnxax HOBblX MeTOJl.0B KOMn03HllHH B
.
COBpCMeHHoii My3bIKe II Laudamus. - M., 1992.
Caeenxo C. 11. KapnxaiiHu Illrosxayaea II XX BeK. 3apy6eJKHBJl My3LlKa.
BLIn. 1. - M., 1995.
Xnbl606Q C. A. (f)0PMyJIbH8JI KOMn03HUH.ll Hlroxxayaeaa B rerrranoraa eBET.
. .
}:(Hl1JI. - MrK, 1997.
XOJJOn06 10. H K e,lUlH0MY rtOJIIO 3Byxa: <<N!! 2) KapJIXaHHu;a Illroxxayseaa /I
MY3bIKaJIbHOe HexyCCTBo XX aexa, TBOp'lJeCKHH nponecc, XYJl.O:>KeCTBeHHbIC .sIBJIe
HIDI. TeOpeTH'lJeCKHe xoauemmrr: Harm. -rpynsr MOCKOBCKOH KOHcepBaTopHH.
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Illmosaaysen K MYJIL-mq,opMyJILHBJl My3bIKB lllep. C. 11. Ceaesxo II XX aex.
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lllmoxxaysen K lho6pereHHe H orxpsrrae ():(OKJIll,l\ o reaesace <j>OPMI>I) II
TaM ",e.
.
MOSCOW STATE TCHAIKOVSKY CONSERVATOIRE
CHQRAL CONDUCTING DEPARTMENT
Inna Batyuk

CONTEMPORARY CHORAL MUSIC:
theory and performance
ANTON WEBERN Three Cantatas
IGOR STRAVINSKY Canticum sacrum
LUIGI NONO R canto sospeso
KRZYSZTOF PENDEREZKI Dies irae
WITOLD LUTOSLAVSKI Trois P o m e s d'Henri Michaux
GyORGY LIGETI Requiem, Lux aeterna
KARLHEINZ STOCKHA USEN Unsichtbare Chore vom Donnerstag aus Licht
EDISON DENISOV Choral Creativity
SOFIA GUBAIDULINA Now Always Snows
ALFRED SCHNITTKE Concert for the Mixed Chorus on Verses by Grigor Narekazi
RODION SHCHEDRIN Choral music after N Leskov 's The Sealed Angels
ALEMDAR KARAMANOV Stabat mater
The editor
doctor ofmusicology Valeria Tsenova
Moscow +1999
AurnOR'S NOTE
Author's Note
The many years of prohibition of any ideas of New Music in Russia delayed its
studies for several decades. So, as a result) even on the threshold of the 21st century, per
formance of New-Music, and especially chora! music, has still been causing numerous
"questions which come to the matter of learning the language of contemporary music.
Development and complication of composition technique, as well as that of the appear
ance of its new types, have influenced on technical skill. And it is very few choirs both
in Russia and abroad that include New Music of the 20
th
century into their repertoire.
Therefore, familiarization of singers and composers with the courses of development of
the contemporary choral writing may fill out the gaps in choral music studies, from the
one hand, and favor that contemporary choral compositions be performed more often,
from the other hand.
The overall survey of choral music of the second half of the 20" century is not the
purposc of these essays. It is only the brightest and the most significant choral works by
foreign. composers and those of Russia, as well as problems of the performance of such
compositions, which are to bc reviewed. Due to the heterogeneous nature ofpieces to be
analyzed and problems related thereto, as well as due to the fact that these problems
have received very unequal attention by musicologists, any unification was intentionally
avoided. Thus, the most important problems have been chosen in every composition to
be analyzed, provided that no uni.fiedprinciple has been observed.
The book consists of two parts: Part One reviews choral music by foreign compos
ers, and Part Two does that by the composers ofRussia.
Part One - Foreign Chora! Compositions - includes three chapters:
l. Dodecaphony. Scrialism.
2. Pitched and Non-Pitched Sonoristics. Alcatorics.
3. The Principle ofFormnla Composition by K. Stockhausen.
Every chapter in Part One contains essays where foreign 20
1h
-century choral compo
sitions using the named types of composition technique are analyzed.
Despite this book reviews music of the second half of the 20
th
century, there is one
exception made for Chapter One: it starts with the analysis of chora! compositions by
A. Webern (1883-1945). Most of all, it is caused by the fact that Webern' s creative
work made the strongest general impact on all ideas of composers of the second half of
the 20" century, and the analysis ofbis pieces is important to understand many problems
of newest compositions. Choral compositions by L. Nono and L Stravinsky (of bis do
decaphonic period) are analyzed in the further essays of Chapter One.
Chapter Two includes essays on choral pieces by Gy. Ligeti, W. Lutoslawski and
K. Pcnderezki. Chapter Three contains the analysis of one choral piece by K. Stock
hauscn using a unique type of technique.
Second part of the book - Russian Chora! Compositions - includes five essays dc
votcd to pieces by some composers of contemporary Russia, such as E. Denisov,
A. Schnittke, S. Gubaidulina, R. Shchedrin and A. Karamanov. Despite the obvious sly
listic difference between all these authors representing the Moscow school of composi
tion) it is possiblc to find a series of mutual tendencies in their choral works. All of them
studied New Music of the 20" century, including choral music (starting from Webern);
192
however, they used achievements of new types of the composition technique, such as
Sprechgesang and various elements of seria1ism, sonorostics, aleatorics, etc.
There are two main types among the chora! pieces by the five composers mentioned
above. Compositions to be performed by a vocal ensemble can be referred to the first
type: some pieces by E. Denisovand S. Gubaidulina to be alternatively performed by a
chorus may serve such an example. Some works by A. Karamanov, as well as by
A. Schnittke and R. Shchedrin who received education as both composers and choral
conductors, can be referred to the second type: the influence of large Russian chairs'
traditions is clearly pereeived in their pieces.
Materials on several Moscow ehoirs whose repertoire includes contemporary ehoral
compositions arepresented in the end of Part Two.
The Chora! Compositions Lists section and the Literature Recommended seetion are
placed in the end of every essay (with regard to the eomposers whose choral works are
reviewed respectively); the Music Examples section'jfollows every essay. The List of
Abbrevtattons Used section and the Specific Terms Vdcabulary section are placed in the
end of the book. .
Unfortunately, ehora! works by A. Schonberg, O. Messiaen, L. Dallapiceola,
Yao Xenakis, P. Boulez, B. A. Zinunennan, N. Karetnikov, A. Volkonsky, A. PIirt,
V. Martynov and by many other composers have left outside these essays, although it is
obvious that they expand and enrich the overall palette of the New Music of the 20"
century. Nevertheless, there is hope that choral compositions not included into this book
at its current stage, in the end of the 90s of the 20" century, will be reviewed in the next
set of essays on contemporary ehoral music in the next, 21Sl, century.
The book is addressed directly to choral conductors and singers, students and facul
ties of chora! conducting, theory and composition departments in musie graduate educa
tional institutions, as well as to all musicians and advanced layers of the New Music of
the 20" eentury. It may also be used as a methodical supply in contemporary choral mu
sic studies.
l Somemusic examples f u ~ a r t Two are citedaccording lo thecomposers' handwritten scores.