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نظم التصنيع
نظم التصنيع
265
265
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K
KW
265
265
W
K
K
K
-1-
265
E1F
1 J1
K
K
1764
K
EF
K1909
K
-2-
265
2-1
KEF
KEF
K
W
K
-3-
265
K EPlans
3-1
K
K
K
W
EFCZ
K
K
WEF
-4-
265
J1
J2
J3
KK
E F W E
K
J1
J2
J3
J4
J5
J6
J7
J8
J9
-5-
265
4-1
E1 J1F
K
K
:(1-1)
K
-6-
265
K
K
KEF
EProduct Design)1 J4 J1
K
K
(Process Planning) 2 J4 J1
KE
K
(Process Plan)
-7-
265
K
K(Computer Aided Process Planning (CAPP))
J4 J1
E F
(Fabrication)4
J4 J1
FK
E
EKKK F
EKKK
K
(CNC)
(Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM))
K
(Quality Control)5
J4 J1
K
-8-
265
E F
K
(Assembly)6 J4 J1
K
KK(Computer Aided Line Balancing (CALB))
(Storage)7 J4 J1
K
K
5-1
K
K
-9-
265
1 -5-1
W=P.T
EFZW
EFZT
ELFZP
(Little's Law)
1 J1
K K
K
W
- 10 -
265
EPF
KEF
ELF0.4 = P
WK
EWF J
0.4Z J
0.8Z J
K
ETF
W
13 = 0.4 5.2 = T
KW
2-5-1
- 11 -
265
WK
m
RS = ri
i =1
RP = 1 (1 ri )
i =1
0 ri 1 , i = 1, 2, . . . ., m
mZRP W
mZRS
E F
K E100F
W
1 J2
AK C B A
.0.91 B . 0.840.72
R = rA . rB . rC
rA= 1- (1-0.84) (1-0.72) = 0.96
rC= 1- (1-0.81) (1-0.62) (1-0.75) = 0.98
R = 0.96 0.91 0.98 = 0.86
3 J5 J1
- 12 -
265
E F
WK
m
N = ni
i =1
ZN
Zm
iZni
K E222F
(4096F 46
K512
4-5-1
KEF
- 13 -
265
E F
5-5-1
K
K
EF
K
K E F
K
K
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265
KEF
K
K
J1 J
- 15 -
265
EF
EF
WEFEF
(1)
.1
.2
EFKK3
EFK
EF
K .3
EF .4
WE2F
W .1
KKK
W .2
KK K
W .3
KK
KK
E3F
K 6
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265
8 J
AK B AE4F
B . 0.740.86
- 17 -
-1-
265
W
K
K
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265
E2F
1-2
K
K
2-2
E1 J2F
:(1-2)
- 19 -
265
1 J2 J2
(Discrete-Part Manufacturing)1 J1 J2 J2
K
K
(Process Industries)2 J1 J2 J2
KK
- 20 -
265
2-2-2
K
(Fabrication Systems) 1
J2 J2 J2
K
(Assembly Systems)2
J2 J2 J2
EF
3 J2 J2
K
EIntermittent ProductionF1 J3 J2 J2
EF
(Batch Production) K
K(Job Shop Production)
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265
KEFE
(Batch
Size) K
K
K
(Continuous Production)2 J3 J2 J2
EF
KEFEF
K
K
4 J2 J2
1 J4 J2 J2
KK
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265
2 J4 J2 J2
3 J4 J2 J2
4 J4 J2 J2
5 J4 J2 J2
EShopLayoutF5 J2 J2
E2E1W
E4EFE3EF
KK
- 23 -
265
(Product Layout) 1 J5 J2 J2
E F
EBelt ConveyorF
F K
KEFE
K
:(2-2)
WK
E1
E2
E3
- 24 -
265
E5 E4
K
E1 W
E2
KE3
(Process Layout)
2 J5 J2 J2
E3 J2F
(Functional Layout)
EKKK F
( 3-2)
- 25 -
265
KEF
W
K J1
K J2
K J3
EWIPF J4
K
K J5
J6
K J7
K J8
(Cellular Layout)3
J5 J2 J2
E4 J2F
E F
- 26 -
265
K
K
KWT
WM
1-
WD
WG
2-
T
M
G
G
3-
G
3 -
2 -
1 -
WE4 J2F
K
K
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265
K .1
K .2
K .3
K .4
K .5
W
K
K
K
K
K
K
- 28 -
265
J2 J
WEFEFE1F
EF
EF
EF
EF
EF
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KKK
.1
KK .2
K .3
KKK
KK .4
WE3F
W .1
KKKKKK
W .2
KKKKKK
W .3
K K K K K
- 29 -
265
K
K
K
EFMSF
KECIMF
KEROCFESLCAF
- 30 -
265
E3F
1 J3
K
(Computer Numerical Control (CNC))
K (CMS)
K(CIM)
2 J3
(Group Technology (GT))
E KKK F
- 31 -
265
K
K
(Process
Planning)
K
K (Standardized
Fixtures)
(Group Scheduling)
3-3
1 J3 J3
1955
1960
K
(Manufacturing
Cells)
(Machine
Group)
K(Part Family)
- 32 -
265
(Intercell Moves)
E
K
2 J3 J3
EF J9
J10
(Batch Size)
J11
J12
KEFEWIPF
- 33 -
265
(Throughput
Time)
J13
J14
J15
J16
J17
3 J3 J3
3500 6
9000
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14
13
K 729 36
W
- 34 -
265
K94120 J
K7451 J
J
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- 35 -
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E F
KK
EF
K
K (Cell Formation) .1
(Machine
(Part
Families)
Groups)
K
(Intercell Moves)
K
W
J
K
- 36 -
265
J
K
KE(Backtrack moves) F
EFK
W Z
K
(The Cell Formation Problem) 5 -3-3
F
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265
KE
100
K
K
1-5 -3-3
(Coding and
(Code) KClassification)
E F
F
(Classification)KEKK
K
MICLASS OPITZ K
2-5 -3-3
EF
F
- 38 -
265
KE
E F (GT matrix)
K
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K?0?
1 J3
P1K
KP3P2CBA
P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
A
B
C
D
0
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1
1
0
1
1
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0
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: (1-3)
(Single
- 39 -
265
ESLCAF3 J5 J3 J3
K(Jaccard
Similarity Measure)
(Threshold
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SLCAK
EF WE2F
Sik
H ik
ni + nk H ik
, 0 Sik1
W
kiEFZSik
K?1?kiZHik
j?1?Znj
E5FWE3F
- 40 -
265
WE4F
KE8F
WE5F
E5F WE6F
KE5F
E5F WE7F
K
WE8F
1 J3
P6
B,D
P5
A,C
P4
A,C
P2
P3
B,D
A,C
P1
B
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265
A
B
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
WK
A
A
B
C
D
B
0.00
C
1.00
0.00
D
0.00
0.67
0.00
SkiZ Sik
Kki
CA 0.67 BD
- 42 -
265
S BD =
H BD
nB + nD H BD
3ZnB2ZnD 2ZHBD
S BD =
2
= 0.67 W
3+ 2 2
C A
S AC
3
H AC
=
=1
nA + nC H AC 3 + 3 3
F
KE
0.50
A
C
B
P2
P4
P5
P3
P6
P1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
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0
1
0
E6FE5F
K
KE6FE5F
0.67
{D,B,C,A}
{B,D}, {A,C}
- 43 -
265
EROCF4 J5 J3 J3
K1980 ROC
WK
WWE2F
N
Wi = aik .2 N k
k =1
WWii J
J
WWE3F
KE2FE3FWE4F
WE5F
K?1?
- 44 -
265
2 J3
EF ROC
WEAFK
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
E1F
25
24
23
22
21
20
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
21 +22 + 24 = 22
20 +23 + 25 = 41
21 +22 + 24 = 22
20 +23 = 9
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
.B
E2F
- 45 -
265
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
23
22
21
20
W
W1 = 23 = 8
W2 = 21 + 2 2 = 6
W3 = 20 + 23 = 9
W4 = 21 + 2 2 = 6
W5 = 20 + 23 = 9
P3
P6
P1
P2
P4
P5
- 46 -
265
2 5 24
23
22
21
20
P3
P6
P1
P2
P4
P5
56
48
W
P3
P6
P1
P2
P4
P5
KK
1 J
1 J
2 J
2 J
P3 P6 P1 P2 P4 P5
- 47 -
265
J3
1 J4 J3
E(CNC)
KK
W
W K1
K
ERobotFEFW K2
W K3
K
2 J4 J3
EDedicatedFEF
K
- 48 -
265
ERandom orderFEF
K
K
3-4-3
EManufacturing FlexibilityF
K
(Intangible)
2 J3
:( 2-3)
- 49 -
265
(Product Flexibility)EF
(Routing Flexibility)K
J1
EKKK F
K
(Processing Flexibility)
J2
KE
(Process Flexibility)EF
E F
(Processor Flexibility) J1
EKKF
K
(Mix Flexibility)
J2
K
(Volume Flexibility)
- 50 -
J3
265
(Expansion Flexibility)
K(Upgrading)
J4
ECIMF
J3
1973
K
K
? ?? ?
K
W
K
K1
K K2
- 51 -
265
K K3
K K4
K K5
K K6
ENCF ECADF
ECAPPF
W K2
K K3
K4
K
K5
K
KE3 J3F
- 52 -
265
WE3 J3 F
- 53 -
265
F (GT)
KEKKK
K ECMF
K
K
K
K(Production Flow Analysis)??
(ROC) ESLCAF
EFMSF
(MF)
KW
- 54 -
265
W
K
ECIMF
K
- 55 -
265
WEFEFE1F
EFK K1
EFK
K2
EFKROC
K4
EFK
EFK
K3
K5
WE2F
WK1
KKKKKK
WEFMSFK2
KKK
KK
WK3
KSLCAKKSLCAROC
KKROCK
WK4
KKKCNCK
KECNCFK
WK5
WE4F
KEGTF1
KECIMFK2
KEFMSFK3
(MF)K4
KECMSFK5
- 56 -
265
E5F
WK
K J
0.5SLCA J
KROC J
KEROCSLCAF J
A
B
C
D
E
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
P9
P10
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
- 57 -
265
KERPWF
- 58 -
265
E4F
1 J4
K
EF
K
(Assembly Line)
K1913
K
(Division
(Interchangeability)
Kof labour)
KEF
EF
- 59 -
265
E
FK
K1600012
2 J4
(Unidirectional)
K
E
F
E1 J4FUK
K
U :(1-4)
14
K
- 60 -
265
UK 300
3-4
1-3-4
(Cycle Time)K
KEF
EF
(Precedence Diagram)
- 61 -
265
(Precedence Constraints)
f ,e ,d 2 J4
aK ,c ,b ,a
Kfedecbb
12
14
a
10
b
8
9
:(2-4)
E F
FK
E
- 62 -
265
P* = H/C*
EFZ P*
Z H
ZC*
N*min = T/C*
ZT
EFZN*min
1 J4
K
WKE1 J4F
J1
J3
J2
810 J4
K
J5
- 63 -
265
1 J4WE1 J4F
J
a
b
c
c,f
c
e,f
EF
18
22
12
26
35
32
15
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
EFZ J1
EF7Z
EgF35Z J2
EF160Z15H000H18Z
3Z160D480ZE480F8 J3
13.7Z35D480Z
(C*)810 J4
W(N*min)
K48Z10D480ZDZC*
Z1.6Z10D16ZDZN*min
W J5
- 64 -
265
26
d
18
22
35
12
15
32
f
1 J4WE3 J4F
RPW
E FE F
WK
WWE1F
J
(P*) J
(H) J
- 65 -
265
WWE2F
WPWjj J
PW j
= tj +
k S j
kZtk
jZSj
W(C*) J
C* = H/P*
K WE3F
G
E MF 0 ZMWE4F
E8FGWE5F
KMZRM
KMZUM
- 66 -
265
KM GkEtkFWE7F
WKE5FRMtk
GMk J
WM J
U M
= U M + tk
RM = C * U M
KE7F J
KWE8F
2 J4
KE4 J4F
1500K 10
- 67 -
265
RPWWE4 J4F
- 68 -
265
KE2 J4F
a
b
c2d
g
e ,h
c
f ,I ,j
k
2 J4WE2 J4F
EF
20
a
6
b
5
c
21
d
8
e
35
f
15
g
10
h
15
i
5
j
46
k
16
l
KE5 J4F
20
a
6
b
21
d
10
15
16
15
35
l
46
k
2 J4WE5 J4F
- 69 -
265
FiPWi
KE3 J4FKE
2 J4WE3 J4F
1
3
4
2
8
6
5
7
9
10
11
12
PWi
138
118
112
123
85
97
102
87
77
67
62
16
Si
(i)
a
b, c, j, g, h, i, k, l
b
c, j, g, h, i, k, l
c
j, g, h, i, k, l
d
g, h, i, k, l
e
i, k, l
f
k, l
g
h, i, k, l
h
i, k, l
i
k, l
j
k, l
k
l
l
(P*)
W(C*)
1500 = P*
1760 = (10 2 60 4) 2 4 = H
70Z 1.17 = P* H = C*
K E7FE6FE5FE4F
K E2 J4F
K
- 70 -
265
2 J4WE4 J4F
20
41
47
52
67
35
45
53
68
5
51
67
(M)
(tj)
(j)
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
20
21
6
5
15
35
10
8
15
5
46
16
a
d
b
c
g
f
h
e
i
j
k
l
50
29
23
18
3
35
25
17
2
65
19
3
WK
a,d,b,c,g
f, h, e , i
j,k,l
1
2
3
- 71 -
265
ERPWF
K
K
EF
K
- 72 -
265
4 J
EF
EF
WEFE1F
K K1
K K2
EF K3
RPW K4
EFK
EF
K K5
W E2F
KK K1
KKKKK
KK K2
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KK K3
WE3F
K K1
K K2
K K3
E4F
K
WERPWFK30
- 73 -
265
K K1
K K2
K3
K
??
a
a
b
c ,d
e ,f
g
20
18
6
10
6
7
6
14
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
- 74 -
48
265
K
K
- 75 -
265
E5F
1 J5
K
?
K?
W
EFEF
J1
J2
(Transportation)
K
J3
7530
K3015
- 76 -
265
2 J5
K
K
J
J
J
J
K
K
K 1 J5
- 77 -
265
W E1 J5F
EOrientation F
EGravityF
ESafetyF
ECostF
ESimplificationF
ESystem FlowF
EFlexibilityF
EObsolescenceF
EMaintenanceF
ELayoutF
EEnergyF
EPlanningF
ESpace UtilizationF
EStandardizationF
EErgonomicF
EEcologyF
EMechanizationF
EComputerizationF
EUnit LoadF
ESystemsF
- 78 -
265
3 J5
K
K
K
K
K
KE2 J5F
- 79 -
265
EIndustrial ConveyorsF1 J3 J5
EChutesFEBeltsFK
KEE1 J5FFERollersF
KEE1 J5F
K
W
K K1
K K2
K K3
K4
- 80 -
265
WE1 J5F
- 81 -
265
KEHooksF
K
K
EIndustrial TrucksF3 J3 J5
TrucksF
- 82 -
265
(AS/RS)4
J3 J5
K
KEE2 J5FF
WE2 J5F
- 83 -
265
) :(2- 5
1
-
-
-
- 84 -
265
ERobotF J5 J3 J5
E
F
E
F(Body)
K
(End Effectors)
(Joints)K
E
F
KE F
(Actuator)
(Sensors)K
K
KE E3 J5FF
WK
K1
K
K K2
K K3
- 85 -
265
WE3 J5F
EPolarF
ECylindricalF
- 86 -
265
WE4 J5F
45
12
KE3 J5F
- 87 -
265
:(3-5)
KK1
EAGVSF
K2
K3
K4
K5
5 J5
- 88 -
265
EModularityF
K
- 89 -
265
??10K9K8K J7K J6
K14K13K12K J11
K18K17K J16K15
K20K19
K
J1W
J4K J3K
J2
KEF5K
K
K
- 90 -
265
WEFE1F
EF
K K1
EF
EF
K K2
K K3
EFK K4
EF
K K5
W E2F
K K1
K
KKK K2
KK
K3
KKKK
KKKK K4
K
- 91 -
265
WE3F
K1
KEF
KEFKEF
WK2
KEF KEFKEF
WK3
KEF
KEF
KEF
WE4F
K K1
K K2
K K3
K K4
K K5
- 92 -
265
K
K
K
KABC
- 93 -
265
E6F
1 J6
K
K
2 J6
K
W
(Receiving)
K1
K K2
- 94 -
265
K K3
K K4
K K5
K K6
K K7
K K8
.(Shipping) K9
KE
K K1
K K2
K K3
K(Accessibility) K4
K K5
3 J6
K EStorage racksF
EPalletsF
- 95 -
265
80C50
120C120
KE1 J6FK
WE1 J6F
ECantilever racksF
EBlock
StackingF
K
- 96 -
265
E F
WE2 J6F
4 J6
WK
- 97 -
K1
265
KK
50
K
E FEAS/RSF
K15E
K2
EPalletsFK
K
K
5 J6
W
.(Randomized
Storage)(Dedicated Storage)
WK
K
K1
- 98 -
265
K2
K3
1 J6
K
EFK
- 99 -
265
1
2
3
4
1
21
7
13
12
E1 J6FWE1 J6F
2
3
8
10
39
11
16
34
17
8
38
6
19
37
57
K(21+17+19)
K
39
K
ABC6 J6
K
K80
KEF
ABCE3 J6F
KCBAEF
- 100 -
265
ABCWE3 J6F
BA
AK C
KCB
ABC
K
K
FABC
E
FK
K E
7 J6
- 101 -
265
K
W
EF
8 J6
EFECCF
KEF
1 J8 J6
- 102 -
265
W
KL
Dab =
X 1 X 2 + Y1 Y2
EF
K
K
E2 J6F
(A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H)
E2 J6FE4 J6F
- 103 -
265
2 J6WE4 J6F
2 J6WE2 J6F
H G F E D C B A
50 10 24 6 10 40 15 20
25 18 20 4 60 48 25 20
WK
- 104 -
265
J6WE3 J6F
H
D, G, B, C
BGD
E, F, HKC
AKFEH
2 J6WE5 J6F
JEF
L
ABC K
- 105 -
265
L A
KCB
E3 J6F
K 36E6 J6F
K
8
7
6
5
4
3
7
6
5
4
3
2
6
5
4
3
2
1
6
5
4
3
2
1
7
6
5
4
3
2
8
7
6
5
4
3
3 J6/WE668F
W
KL J
E F36 J
CB A
W
K806A J
K1512B J
K518C J
L 1000
KCBA
- 106 -
265
DZLKEF
162Z28 + 47 + 66 + 65 + 64 + 63 + 42 + 21Z
4.5 Z36D162ZLW
KEF
A/
KCB
K
8
7
6
5
4
3
7
6
5
4
3
2
6
5
4
3
2
1
6
5
4
3
2
1
7
6
5
4
3
2
8
7
6
5
4
3
WE7 J6F
C
B
A
L
WEF
1.67Z6DE24H12)ZLA
3.50Z12DE46H36)ZLB
6.11Z18DE82+74+66 +56)ZLC
EF
KL52
- 107 -
265
W1000KEF
800Z10000.80ZA
150Z10000.15ZB
50Z10000.05ZC
- 108 -
265
KK2KK1
KK4KK3
K
K
K K1
K2
K
KEF
ABC
- 109 -
265
WEFEFE1F
EFK K1
EABCFA K2
EF
EF
EF
KB
K K3
K K4
KKE2F
KKK
KK
KK
E3F
K
E
FK
1
2
1
2
3
15
10
12
18
14
9
(A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H) (3)
- 110 -
265
H G F E D C B A
54 12 24 6 30 42 18 16
50 19 22 14 60 28 35 24
- 111 -
265
WW
1999 K1
K
1992E WF K2
K
WW
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.................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................
................................................................................. W
2 ................................................................................................................................................W1 J1
3 .................................................................................................................... 2 J1
4 .......................................................................................................................
3-1
6 .................................................................................................. 4-1
9 ................................................................................................................... 5 J1
15 ...........................................................................................................................................
16 .............................................................................................................................................. J1 J
.................................................................................... W
19 ..................................................................................................................................... 1 J2
19 .........................................................................................................................2 J2
28 ............................................................................................................................................
29 ............................................................................................................................................. J2 J
................................................................................... W
29 ...................................................................................................................................... 1 J3
29 ............................................................................................. 2 J3
30 ............................................................................................................................. 3 J3
45 .................................................................................................................................. 4 J3
48 .......................................................................................................................... 5 J3
51 ............................................................................................................................................
53 ................................................................................................................................................ 3
....................................................................................... W
56 ........................................................................................................................................... 1 J4
58 ........................................................................................................................... 2 J4
68 ............................................................................................................................................
69 .............................................................................................................................................. 4 J
................................................................................................................... W
72 ......................................................................................................................................... 1 J5
265
73 ............................................................................................2 J5
75 ...............................................................................................................3 J5
82 ............................................................................................................ 45
83 ............................................................................................................. 5 J5
84 ...........................................................................................................................................
85 ................................................................................................................................................. 5
....................................................................................................................... W
87 ..................................................................................................................................... 1 J6
87 ...................................................................................................................... 2 J6
88 .......................................................................................... 3 J6
90 .........................................................................................................4 J6
91 ........................................................................................................ 5 J6
93 ................................................................................................................... ABC6 J6
94 ........................................................................................................7 J6
94 ......................................................................................................... 8 J6
101 .........................................................................................................................................
102 ...................................................................................................................................................... 6
103 ...........................................................................................................................................