in - in t - T ng ha

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t in in t T ng ha C kh my mc Thng tin thu T vn tiu dng

Tm ton b website

Tm

ngy 00/00/0000 Cm bin mt dy (Phn 1)

Ng Din Tp i Hc Quc Gia H Ni (Phn 1) Do nhng tin b ca cng ngh, cc cm bin khng ch c nng cao v mt cht lng m nhiu

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GII PHP CNG NGH Gii php mng - Truyn Thng Chun cng nghip K thut in t Phn mm - Lp trnh Gii php t ng ha to nh B iu khin - PLC - Bin tn CNTT & T ng ha o lng - Gim st iu khin Gii php in cng nghip Gii php cn SCADA - HMI - DCS Gii php an ninh & qun l t ng Thit b u cui - I/O Gii php in - T ng ha khc Cng ngh cm bin Robot in

loi cm bin mi ln lt ra i; cm bin mt dy l mt th d. Trc ht xin ni v tn gi: cm bin mt dy khng c ngha l cm bin ny ch c mt dy ra m thut ng mt dy (1 wire) c dng ch nhn mnh mt c im ca loi cm bin ny l ng dn tn hiu li ra v ng dn in p ngun nui c th dng chung trn mt dy dn v khng ch chung cho mt cm bin m nhiu cm bin c th s dng chung mt ng dn. Trn hnh 1 l mt cm bin nhit mt dy nhng ta vn thy r l c 4 dy dn ra.

Hnh 1: Mt loi cm bin mt dy ang lu hnh trn th trng Nh li hi cui nhng nm 60 ca th k trc, cc bc n anh a tn hiu o lng t di l khoan (k thut carota) ln trn mt t bng chnh ng dn in t ngun acquy nui cho thit b o t trong l khoan c xem nh mt k tch th by gi vi s ra i ca cm bin mt dy, thnh tu trn c thc hin ch bng mt hai mi hn; l do l mi th c tch hp sn trn cm bin! Do s dng chung ng dn s liu o lng vi ng cp in p ngun nn cc cm bin mt dy c bit thch hp vi cc ng dng o lng a im, khi m s lng cc ng dn s liu o lng v ng cp in p ngun tr thnh mt con s rt ln. Chng hn, vi mt kho bo qun c 40 phng, trong mi phng cn o nhit ti 3 im (3 cm bin nhit ) v m ti mt im (1 cm bin m); nu tnh trung bnh mi im o cn 4 ng dn th ti im tp trung s dy dn ln n 640 dy, ngha l cn n mt b cp cc k ln ! Trong nhng trng hp ny, cc cm bin mt dy s lm thay i hon ton gii php k thut.

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Nhng thng gn y c mt s cm bin mt dy c gii thiu vi th trng, nhng v mt cu trc v nguyn l hot ng u c nhng im chung, cho nn n gin ta tm hiu cm bin mt dy thng qua vic tm hiu chi tit loi cm bin nhit mt dy DS1820. DS1820 l mt sn phm ca cng ty Dallas (Hoa K), y cng l cng ty ng gp nhiu vo vic cho ra i bus mt dy v cc cm bin mt dy. Hnh dng bn ngoi ca cm bin mt dy DS1820 c m t trn hnh 2, trong dng v TO-92 vi 3 chn l dng thng gp v c dng trong nhiu ng dng, cn dng v SOIC vi 8 chn c dng o nhit b mt, k c da ngi!

Hnh 2: Dng ng v v b ngoi ca cm bin DS1820 Cc c im k thut ca cm bin DS1820 c th k ra mt cch tm tt nh sau: S dng giao din mt dy nn ch cn c mt chn ra truyn thng. phn gii khi o nhit l 9 bit. Di o nhit -55oC n 125oC, tng bc 0,5oC, c th t chnh xc n 0,1oC bng vic hiu chnh qua phn mm. Rt thch hp vi cc ng dng o lng a im v nhiu u o c th c ni trn mt bus, bus ny c gi l bus mt dy (1-wire bus) v s c trnh by chi tit trong s tp ch ti y. Khng cn thm linh kin bn ngoi. in p ngun nui c th thay i trong khong rng, t 3,0 V n 5,5 V mt chiu v c th c cp thng qua ng dn d liu. Dng tiu th ti ch ngh cc nh. Thi gian ly mu v bin i thnh s tng i nhanh, khng qu 200 ms. Mi cm bin c mt m nh danh duy nht 64 bit cha trong b nh ROM trn chip (on chip), gi tr nh phn c khc bng tia laze. u o nhit s DS1820 a ra s liu biu th nhit o c di dng m nh phn 9 bit. Cc thng tin c gi n v nhn v t DS1820 trn giao din 1-wire, do ch cn hai ng dn gm mt ng cho tn hiu v mt ng lm dy t l kt ni vi iu khin n im o. Ngun nui cho cc thao tc ghi/c/chuyn i c th c trch t ng tn hiu, khng cn c thm ng dy ring cp in p ngun. Mi vi mch o nhit DS1820 c mt m s nh danh duy nht, c khc bng laser trong qu trnh ch to vi mch nn nhiu vi mch DS1820 c th cng kt ni vo mt bus 1-wire m khng c s nhm ln. c im ny lm cho vic lp t nhiu cm bin nhit ti nhiu v tr khc nhau tr nn d dng v vi chi ph thp. Theo chun 1-wire di ti a cho php ca bus l 300 m. S lng cc cm bin ni vo bus khng hn ch. nng cao phn gi ln trn 9 bit ta phi tnh ton thm bng phn mm da trn cc s liu lu tr

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trn cc thanh ghi nhit , COUNT REMAIN v COUNT PER C trong nhm cc thanh ghi nhp (scratchpad). vic tnh ton da theo phng trnh sau:

Khi s dng phng trnh ny cm bin mt dy DS1820 c nng cp tr thnh mt cm bin nhit c phn gii cao. B nh ROM 64BIT Mi cm bin nhit DS1820 c mt dy m 64 bit duy nht c lu tr trong b nh ROM t khi sn xut bng k thut laze. ngha ca 64 bit m c gii thch trn hnh 3:

Hnh 3: Ni dung dy m 64-bit trn b nh ROM Nh vy dy m c chia ra thnh 3 nhm, trong : Tm bit u tin l m nh danh h mt dy, m ca DS1820 l 10h. 48 bit tip theo l m s xut xng duy nht, ngha l mi cm bin DS1820 ch c mt s m. Tm bit c ngha nht l byte m kim tra CRC (cyclic redundancy check), byte ny c tnh ton t 56 bit u tin ca dy m trn ROM (xem hnh 3). truy cp ln cm bin mt dy DS1820 ta phi s dng hai nhm lnh: cc lnh ROM v cc lnh chc nng (function commands) b nh, cc lnh ny c th c m t ngn gn nh sau: Sau khi thit b ch (thng l mt vi iu khin) pht hin ra mt xung presence pulse, n c th xut ra mt lnh ROM. C 5 loi lnh ROM, mi lnh di 8 bit. Thit b ch phi a ra lnh ROM thch hp trc khi a ra mt lnh chc nng giao tip vi cm bin DS18S20. Lnh ROM - READ ROM (33h) Cho php c ra 8 byte m khc bng laser trn ROM, bao gm: 8 bit m nh tn linh kin (10h), 48 bit s xut xng, 8 bit kim tra CRC. Lnh ny ch dng khi trn bus c 1 cm bin DS1820, nu khng s xy ra xung t trn bus do tt c cc thit b t cng p ng. - MATCH ROM (55h) Lnh ny c gi i cng vi 64 bit ROM tip theo, cho php b iu khin bus chn ra ch mt cm bin DS1820 c th khi trn bus c nhiu cm bin DS1820 cng ni vo. Ch c DS1820 no c 64 bit trn ROM trung khp vi chui 64 bit va c gi ti mi p ng li cc lnh v b nh tip theo. Cn cc cm bin DS1820 c 64 bit ROM khng trng khp s tip tc ch mt xung reset. Lnh ny c s dng c trong trng hp c mt cm bin mt dy, c trong trng hp c nhiu cm bin

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mt dy. - SKIP ROM (CCh)

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Lnh ny cho php thit b iu khin truy nhp thng n cc lnh b nh ca DS1820 m khng cn gi chui m 64 bit ROM. Nh vy s tit kim c thi gian ch i nhng ch mang hiu qu khi trn b ch c mt cm bin. - SEARCH ROM (F0h) Lnh ny cho php b iu khin bus c th d tm c s lng thnh vin t ang c u vo bus v cc gi tr c th trong 64 bit ROM ca chng bng mt chu trnh d tm. - ALARM SEARCH (ECh) Tin trnh ca lnh ny ging ht nh lnh Search ROM, nhng cm bin DS1820 ch p ng lnh ny khi xut hin iu kin cnh bo trong php o nhit cui cng. iu kin cnh bo y c nh ngha l gi tr nhit o c ln hn gi tr TH v nh hn gi tr TL l hai gi tr nhit cao nht v nhit thp nht c t trn thanh ghi trong b nh ca cm bin. Lnh chc nng b nh Sau khi thit b ch (thng l mt vi iu khin) s dng cc lnh ROM nh a ch cho cc cm bin mt dy ang c u vo bus, thit b ch s a ra cc lnh chc nng DS1820. Bng cc lnh chc nng thit b ch c th c ra v ghi vo b nh nhp (scratchpath) ca cm bin DS1820. khi to qu trnh chuyn i gi tr nhit o c v xc nh ch cung cp in p ngun. Cc lnh chc nng c th c m t ngn gn nh sau: - WRITE SCRATCHPAD (4Eh) Lnh ny cho php ghi 2 byte d liu vo b nh nhp ca DS1820. Byte u tin c ghi vo thanh ghi TH (byte 2 ca b nh nhp) cn byte th hai c ghi vo thanh ghi TL (byte 3 ca b nh nhp). D liu truyn theo trnh t u tin l bit c ngha nht v k tip l nhng bit c ngha gim dn. C hai byte ny phi c ghi trc khi thit b ch xut ra mt xung reset hoc khi c d liu khc xut hin. - READ SCRATCHPAD (BEh) Lnh ny cho php thit b ch c ni dung b nh nhp. Qu trnh c bt u t bit c ngha nhy ca byte 0 v tip tc cho n byte rh 9 (byte 8 - CRC). Thit b ch c th xut ra mt xung reset lm dng qu trnh c bt k lc no nu nh ch c mt phn ca d liu trn b nh nhp cn c c. - COPYSCRATCHPAD (48h) Lnh ny copy ni dung ca hai thanh ghi TH v TL (byte 2 v byte 3) vo b nh EEPROM. Nu cm

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bin c s dng trong ch d cp ngun l bt u vic o. - CONVERT T (44h)

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Lnh ny khi ng mt qu trnh o v chuyn i gi tr nhit thnh s (nh phn). Sau khi chuyn i gi tr kt qu o nhit c lu tr trn thanh ghi nhit 2 byte trong b nh nhp Thi gian chuyn i khng qu 200 ms, trong thi gian ang chuyn i nu thc hin lnh c th cc gi tr c ra u bng 0. - READ POWER SUPPLY (B4h) Mt lnh c tip sau lnh ny s cho bit DS1820 ang s dng ch cp ngun nh th no, gi tr c c bng 0 nu cp ngun bng chnh ng dn d liu v bng 1 nu cp ngun qua mt ng dn ring. n y ta c th thy l vic s dng cc lnh va trnh by l mt cng vic khng n gin, nht l vi nhng bn c cha tng tm hiu v k thut vi x l. Cng v vy m trong khun kh mt bi vit ta cha th hiu h cch lm ch hot ng ca mt cm bin mt dy. Trong phn sau s trnh by thm v cch ghp ni cm bin mt dy vi vi iu khin v t chc ca bus mt dy. (Cn tip) (Theo: Tp ch THNN)
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Tin tc khc

Ci to cc cm bin Carbon Monoxide Co cho ph hp vi mi trng Vit Nam (08/09/2006) Mng mng VO2: Cu trc Nan v k thut cm bin nhit quang (07/09/2006) Cm bin trong truyn ng ng c chp hnh ng b rto nam chm vnh cu (00/00/0000) Cm bin 1 dy (Phn cui) (00/00/0000) Cm bin 1 dy (Phn 2) (00/00/0000) Cm bin mt dy (Phn 1) (00/00/0000) Cm bin trong Robot hn h quang (00/00/0000) Cc b cm bin o nhim mi trng khng kh (00/00/0000) Vai tr ca cm bin trong chng li (00/00/0000)
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