Work and Energy

TIARA INDAH RAINY 09330124 5C

y What is the meaning of work?

Definition of work
y Work is the transfer of energy. y A body is said to do work W when it moves another

body through a distance. y Example: lifting weights, pushing to move a car y Work is done on an object when you transfer energy to that object. y The formula is:

W ! FxS

y The unit of work is Joule

Question

What is the meaning of energy?

The human use energy to do their activity. When you sick, you lose your appetite and you feel weak . So you cant do any activity.

Energy

Energy is the ability to do work, The (SI) unit of energy is the Joule (J)
y forms of energy: y 1. potential energy y 2. kinetic energy y 3. mechanical energy y 4. chemical energy

5. heat energy 6. light energy

Potential energy

Potential energy is the energy possessed by a body of its position.

y Potential energy is divided by two : y 1. gravitational potential y 2. elastic potential

Potential energy
y Gravitational potential energy is the energy

possessed by a body due to its vertical position or height. y The formula is: E ! mgh
P

y Elastic potential energy is the energy stored in

elastic materials as the result of their stretching or compressing.

Kinetic energy

Kinetic energy is the energy of motion.

y An object which has motion - whether it be vertical or

horizontal motion has kinetic energy. y The formula is:

1 2 EK ! mv 2

Mechanical energy
y Mechanical energy is the sum of energy possessed by

a body due to its position. y The formula is:

EM ! E P  E K

The Conversion of Energy

y Electric energy become kinetic energy,

example : in

the fan y Electric energy become heat energy, example : in an iron y Kinetic energy become electric energy , example : in PLTA y Heat energy become chemical energy , example : in fotosintesis process

The Law of Conservation of Energy

Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only converted from one form to another

The Law of Mechanical Energy Conservation

On isolated system, the magnitude of mechanical energy , which is the sum of potential and kinetic energy is always constant.

The relation between Work & Energy

When a force do work of an object so it will happen the conversion of energy to that object.

EXERCISES
y 1. A book has a mass of 0,5 kg on the shelf of a

y y y y

cupboard at a heihgt of 2 m. Calculate the potential energy of the book at that height! 2. Rizqi push a table with force of 100 N . Find the work if the table moved at 2 m? 3. A car of mass 900 kg moving at speed of 20 m/s. a. Calculate the kinetic energy of the car b. State the form of energy from which the kinetic energy is derived

The Answer
y 1.

EP ! mgh EP ! (0,5kg )(2m)(10 m s 2 )

E P ! 10 Joule

2.

W ! FxS W ! (100 N )(2m)

W ! 200 J
3. a.

1 1 2 EK ! 900 x 20 2 ! 1.8 x105 J EK ! mv 2 2

b. This energy is derived from the chemical energy of the fuel.

THANK YOU!