WORKSHOP HIGHLIGHTS Introduction 1.

The Regional Workshop on Community-Driven Development and Institutional Sustainability in Asia was held to (i) provide opportunities for sharing lessons on designing and implementing CDD projects with a specific focus on institutional impacts, and (ii) serve as a forum for establishing a CDD Network. It was held in Jakarta on 21-22 June 2011 and co-hosted by the Ministry of Public Works, Directorate General of Human Settlements, Government of Indonesia. 2. The two-day workshop brought together 54 participants from ADB Developing Member Countries (DMCs), partner development agencies, academe/ research institutes, and civil society organizations. 3. Day 1 of the workshop was mainly devoted to presentations of preliminary findings of the ADBcommissioned CDD studies, country experiences, and thematic presentations while Day 2 included (i) a roundtable discussion on citizen participation in service delivery and financial sustainability of local services and infrastructure; (ii) a participatory session on the creation of a CDD Network; and (iii) a field trip. Opening Session 4. Amy S.P. Leung, Director of SEUW, SERD welcomed the participants on behalf of ADB, and Budi Yuwono, Director General of Human Settlements gave the opening message. Their messages focused on the importance of the CDD approach and institutional sustainability. In this session, they both stressed the importance of using participatory approach in infrastructure projects and the need to study favorable conditions for sustainable development impacts. 5. In his keynote address, Sujana Royat, Deputy to the Minister for Poverty Alleviation in Indonesia focused on the impacts, challenges, and strategies for institutional sustainability of the PNPM Mandiri, the national CDD program of Indonesia. Among the strategies for sustaining the PNPM Mandiri are (i) strengthening of existing community institutions and their development into communal business units such as cooperatives and micro-business units; (ii) formation of PNPM foundation or association of PNPM facilitators to continue to manage the PNPM in communities; and, (iii) continuation of the PNPM Trust Fund as another funding mechanism aside from the government budget. Presentations 6. Babken Babajanian, Social Development Specialist, RSDD briefed the participants on the context of the four (4) ADB-commissioned studies to be presented in the workshop. He explained that comparison of the study findings may not be adequate as the studies involve different methodologies. For instance, the studies in Indonesia and Philippines involve primary data collection while those in PRC and Republic of Korea are based on desk reviews of existing documents and archive of

documents/ key informant interviews, respectively. He also stressed that the studies do not attempt to assess or evaluate the concerned projects as the latter are used to allow examination of the challenges and opportunities related to the CDD model. Finally, the context of the projects is different such that Neighborhood Upgrading and Shelter Sector Project (NUSSP) in Indonesia focused on urban communities while the Philippines KALAHI CIDSS covered rural areas. 7. The workshop presentations discussed the preliminary findings of the ADB- commissioned studies on NUSSP in Indonesia; KALAHI-CIDSS in Philippines; CDD Pilots in the Peoples Republic of China; and, Saemaul Undung in Republic of Korea. These studies highlighted some of the key contextual and project design related challenges and opportunities for enhancing institutional sustainability at the local level. The presenters received valuable comments from the audience, which would help them in finalizing the studies. 8. Participants from Mongolia, Bangladesh and Cambodia shared their CDD experiences and insights from ADB-funded infrastructure projects in their respective countries. Their sharing confirmed the positive effects of community participation in service delivery, sustainability of infrastructure, and accountability of local leaders. 9. Thematic presentations allowed the participants to focus on some key issues in more detail. These presentations discussed (i) the role of CDD in promoting gender equality and womens empowerment as well as key issues to be considered in designing gender-sensitive CDD projects, and (ii) CDD within the context of decentralization and local government capacity building for effective service delivery. Roundtable Discussion (RTD) 10. The roundtable discussion focused on two issues: (i) the potential of CDD projects to promote and institutionalize citizen participation in service delivery, and (ii) the challenges and opportunities in promoting financial sustainability of local services and infrastructure. Taking into account the discussions on Day 1, the salient suggestions were (i) strengthening of the capacity of community facilitators/volunteers and empowering them to sustain the CDD model beyond the project life; (ii) increasing the capacity of communities for resource mobilization given the disconnect between local plans, budgets, and expenditure management; and, (iii) involvement of the private sector in CDD projects. Participatory Session on CDD Network Creation 11. The participatory session on the proposed CDD Network in Asia solicited the participants views on the purpose, structure, outputs, and funding of the Network. It generated important recommendations for the design of the Network that is intended to promote peer support, policy discussions and knowledge sharing. Participants envisioned the Network as a venue for exchanging information on experiences, lessons learned and best practices on CDD, through knowledge sharing events, website or social media discussions, and development or sharing of resource materials. Possible funding sources are ADB, cost-sharing among development partners, network member contributions, government, and private sector. ADB is expected to take a lead role in setting up the Steering Committee that will provide guidance on networking events and activities, and have an annually rotating host country. Field Visit 12. The two-day workshop culminated in a field visit to a NUSSP-funded sub-project site in Kota Subang where participants had an opportunity to talk to the local community and government representatives. The local community leaders briefed the participants on how the NUSSP benefited

the neighborhood through community infrastructures (e.g., footpaths, drainage and communal latrines), and how the community members, especially women, participated in the implementation of the sub-project. Next Steps 13. ADB will do the following follow-up actions: (i) Completion of the CDD study reports. ADB will continue to supervise the writing up of the CDD study reports, which will consolidate lessons for informing design and implementation of CDD projects. The target date for finalizing the reports is November 2011. (ii) Design of the CDD Network in Asia. ADB will commence the Network design taking into account the suggestions of the workshop participants. The Network is planned to be established in February 2012. (iii) Follow-up CDD conference in Manila. Based on the information and analysis generated from this regional workshop, ADB will conceptualize the design of the conference that is expected to serve as a platform for sharing the final results of the ADB-commissioned CDD studies and relating them to the global experience on CDD. This event is scheduled for February 2012.