TRNG THPT CHUYN H NI AMSTERRDAM - T TON TIN

THI HC K I
(NM HC 2011 2012)
Mn: Ton lp 12
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht.

Bi 1. a) (1.5 im) Kho st s bin thin v v th C ca hm s
2
.
3
x
y
x

b) (1 im) Tm tt c cc im M thuc C sao cho khong cch t M n tim
cn ng bng 2 ln khong cch t M n tim cn ngang.
c) (1 im) Bin lun theo tham s m s nghim ca phng trnh
2 3. x m x
Bi 2. a) (1 im) Gii phng trnh
2 2 2
2 1 2 1 2
25 9 34.15 .
x x x x x x

b) (1 im) Gii phng trnh

2
3 3
3 5 log 9 19 log 12 0. x x x x
Bi 3. Cho hnh chp S.ABCD c y ABCD l hnh vung cnh a, mt bn SAB l tam
gic u v vung gc vi mt y.
a) (1 im) Tnh th tch khi chp S.ABCD theo a.
b) (1 im) Xc nh tm v tnh bn knh ca mt cu ngoi tip hnh chp
S.ABCD.
c) (1 im) Gi
N l hnh nn c y l ng trn ngoi tip hnh vung ABCD
v chiu cao l chiu cao ca tam gic u SAB. Tnh t s gia din tch mt cu
ngoi tip hnh chp S.ABCD v din tch ton phn ca hnh nn . N
d) (1 im) Trn cnh SA ly im M sao cho AM x vi 0 . x a Tm v tr ca
M trn SA sao cho mt phng MCD chia khi chp . S ABCD thnh hai phn c
th tch bng nhau.
Cu 4. (0.5 im) Tm cc gi tr ca tham s m phng trnh
2
2 4 mx x x c hai
nghim phn bit trn on

0;4 .
-------- HT --------

1

P N THI HC K I MN TON LP 12 NM HC 2011 2012
Bi p n
im





















Bi 1
(3,5
im)
















a. (1,5 im) Kho st s bin thin v v th hm s.
( )
2
.
3
x
y C
x
+
=

- Tp xc nh: { } \ 3 . D =
- S bin thin:
Gii hn v tim cn: lim lim 1
x x
y y
+
= = Tim cn ngang: 1. y =

3 3
lim ; lim
x x
y
+

= = +

Tim cn ng 3. x =

Chiu bin thin:
( )
( )
2
5
' 0
3
y x x D
x

= < e

hm s nghch bin trn

cc khong ( ) ;3 v ( ) 3; . +





0,5
- Bng bin thin:
x 3 +
' y

y

1




+

1





0,5
- th:





Nhn xt: th hm s nhn giao
im ca 2 ng tim cn lm tm
i xng.





0,5
b. (1 im) Khong cch n TC bng 2 ln n TCN
Gi s ( ) ( )
0 0
0
5
;1 , 3 .
3
M x C x
x
| |
+ e =
|

\ .
Khi : Khong cch t M n TC
l
0
1 0
2 2
1. 3
3.
1 0
x
d x

= =
+
Khong cch t M n TCN l
0
0
2
2 2
0
1
0. 1 1
3 5
.
3
0 1
x
x
d
x
+ +

= =

+



0,5


2








Theo gi thit ta c ( )
2
1 2 0 0
0
10
2 3 3 10.
3
= = =

d d x x
x
0
10
3 10 3 10;1
2
x M
| |
=
|
\ .
hoc
10
3 10;1 .
2
M
| |
+ +
|
\ .


c. (1 im) Bin lun s nghim ca phng trnh
D thy 3 x = khng l nghim nn phng trnh tng ng vi
2
.
3
x
m
x
+
=

S nghim ca phng trnh chnh l s giao im ca ng

thng y m = v th ( ) ' C ca hm s
2
.
3
x
y
x
+
=

Ta c:
2
, 3
2
3
,
2 3
, 3
3
x
x
x
x
y
x x
x
x
+
>

+
= =

+

<

do ( ) ' C c suy ra t ( ) C bng cch:
Gi nguyn phn th ( ) C ng vi 3; x > ly i xng phn th ca ( ) C
ng vi 3 x < qua Ox. Ta c th ( ) ' C nh hnh v.






0,5

T hnh v suy ra:
* Vi 1: ms

Phng trnh v
nghim.
* Vi 1 1: m < s Phng trnh c
nghim duy nht.
* Vi 1: m > Phng trnh c 2
nghim phn bit.
Ghi ch: Hc sinh khng lp lun
suy ra th ( ) ' C th khng
cho im ti a.






0,5
a. (1 im) Gii phng trnh







Bi 2
(2
im)
Phng trnh tng ng
2 2 2
2 2 2
25.25 9.9 34.15
x x x x x x
+ =

2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
25 9 5 3
25. 9. 34 25 34 0
15 15 3 5
x x x x x x x x
| | | | | | | |
+ = + =
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .

t
2
2
5
0
3
x x
t

| |
= >
|
\ .
PT tr thnh:
2
9
25 34 0 25 34 9 0 + = + = t t t
t

9
1 .
25
= v = t t





0,5

3


2
2
2
0
5
1 1 2 0 .
2 3
x x
x
t x x
x

| |
- = = =
|
=
\ .


2
2 2
2 2
9 5 5
2 2 2 2 0 1 3.
25 3 3
x x
t x x x x x

| | | |
- = = = = =
| |
\ . \ .

Kt lun PT c 4 nghim:
{ }
0;2;1 3 . xe



0,5
b.(1 im) Gii phng trnh
iu kin 0. x >
t
3
log , t x = phng trnh tr thnh: ( ) ( )
2
3 5 9 19 12 0 x t x t + = .
Trng hp 1:
5
:
3
x = Phng trnh v nghim.
Trng hp 2:
5
:
3
x = Ta c ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
9 19 48 3 5 9 11 . x x x A = + =
Khi phng trnh c 2 nghim
4
3; .
3 5
t t
x
= =

0,5

3
3
1
3 log 3 3 .
27

- = = = = t x x
3
4 4
log .
3 5 3 5
- = =

t x
x x

Cch 1: Xt hm s ( )
3
4
log
3 5
=

f x x
x
vi
5
0 .
3
x < =
( )
( )
2
1 12
'
ln3
3 5
f x
x
x
= +

5
0 0 .
3
x > < =
Mt khc:
lim
x
f
+
= +
5 5
3 3
lim ; lim .
x x
f f
+

= = +

x 0 5/ 3 +
' f
+ +
( )
f x

+




+




T BBT d thy phng trnh ( ) 0 f x = lun c 2 nghim phn bit.
Mt khc ( )
1
3 0
3
f f
| |
= =
|
\ .
nn phng trnh ( ) 0 f x = ch c hai nghim
1
3; .
3
x x = =
Cch 2:
TH 1: Nu
5
0 :
3
x < < Th hm s ng bin trn
5
0;
3
| |
|
\ .
v do
1
0
3
f
| |
=
|
\ .
nn










0,5

4

PT c nghim
1
.
3
x =
TH 2: Nu
5
:
3
x > Khi f cng l hm ng bin trn
5
;
3
| |
+
|
\ .
v do
( )
3 0 f = nn PT c nghim 3. x =
Kt lun: PT c 3 nghim
1 1
3; ; .
3 27
x

e
`
)


Gi H l trung im ca AB th SH l
ng cao ca hnh chp S.ABCD.
ABC A u, cnh a nn
3
.
2
a
SH =
Th tch hnh chp l
2
.
1 1 3
. . .
3 3 2
= =
s ABCD ABCD
a
V SH S a
3
3
6
=
a
(vtt).



0,5


0,5
b.(1 im) Xc nh tm v bn knh nt cu ngoi tip
Gi O l tm ca hnh vung ABCD, ng thng d qua O v vung gc vi
(ABCD). D thy ( ). d SHO c Gi G l trng tm ABC A , qua G k ng
thng vung gc vi ( ) ABC , ng thng ny ct d ti I, I l tm mt
cu ngoi tip hnh chp S.ABCD. Tht vy, theo cch dng nn
IA IB IC ID = = = ; m I thuc trc ca SAB A IS IA IB = = , vy I l tm
mt cu ngoi tip hnh chp.



0,5
Gi R l bn knh mt cu ngoi tip hnh chp th . R IA = Tam gic AOI
vung O, c cnh gc vung
1 1 3 3
;
3 3 2 6
a a
IO GH SH = = = =
2
.
2 2
AC a
OA = = Do
2 2
2 2
21
2 12 6
a a a
R IA OA OI = = + = + =


0,5
c.(1 im) T s din tch mt cu v mt nn
Din tch mt cu ngoi tip hnh chp l
2 2
2
21 7
4 4 .
36 3
C
a a
S R

= = =
(vtt). ng trn ngoi tip hnh vung ABCD c tm O v bn knh
2
.
2
a
r OA = = y cng chnh l bn knh ng trn y ca hnh nn


0,5


5


Din tch ton phn ca hnh nn l: ( )
2
N
S rl r r l r = + = + =
( )
2
2 10
2 5 2
2 2 2 4
a
a a a

+
| |
= + =
|
\ .
(vdt).
T s cn tm l
( )
2
2
2 10
7 28
: .
3 4 6 3 10
C
N
a
S a
S

+
= =
+




0,5
d .(1 im) Tm x th tch bng nhau

V ( ) / / CD SAB ( ) CDM ct ( ) SAB
theo giao tuyn song song vi CD.
T M, k / / , MN CD N SB e hnh
thang MNCD l thit din ca hnh chp
v ( ) CDM .
D thy ( ) SAC chia hnh chp thnh
2 phn c th tch bng nhau v bng
1
,
2
V (V l th tch hnh chp S.ABCD).






0,5
Gi
1
V l th tch ca hnh chp . S MNCD,
2
V l th tch phn cn li (ca
hnh chp S.ABCD sau khi ct bi ( ) CDM ). Khi ta c:
1 2
1
1 2
.
2
V V V
V
V
V V
+ =
=

Tc l ta c:
1 . .
. .
1 1
S MNC S MDC
S ABC S ABC
V V V
V V
+
= =
. .
. .
1
S MNC S MDC
S ABC S ADC
V V
V V
+ = (V
. .
1
2
S ABC S ADC
V V V = = ).
. . . . 1 1 1
SM SN SC SM SD SC SM SN
SA SB SC SA SD SC SA SB
| |
+ = + =
|
\ .

( )
3 5
5 1 5 1
1 1 .
2 2 2

| |
+ = = = =
|
\ .
a
SM SM SM a x
x
SA SA SA a

Vy, vi
( )
3 5
2
a
x

= th ( ) CDM chia hnh chp thnh 2 phn c th tch
bng nhau.







0,5















Cch 1:
D thy 0 x = khng l nghim nn PT tng ng:
2
4 2
.
x x
m
x

= Xt hm s
( )
2
4 2 x x
f x
x

= trn min
(
0; 4 . D ( =


Ta c
( ) ( )
2
2 2
2 4 2
' ' 0 2.
4
x x x
f x f x x
x x x

= = =

Ch rng :








0,5



6










Bi 5
(0,5
im)




















( )
0
lim .
x
f x
+

=
T BBT suy ra iu kin
cn v PT c 2
nghim phn bit l
1
0.
2
m < <
x 0 2 4
' f
+ 0

( )
f x






0

1
2





Cch :2
Xt hm s
( )
2
4 y x x C = trn
0; 4 . (

Ta c
2
2
' ;
2
x
y
x x

Ta c bng
bin thin nh hnh v:




0,25
S nghim ca PT chnh l
s giao im ca ng
thng : 2 d y mx = + v
th
( )
. C rng d c h
s gc m v lun i qua
im
( )
0;2 A c nh.
x 0 2 4
' y + 0


y
2


0 0
Gi A (c h s gc k ) l tip tuyn i qua A ca
( )
. C Ta c
( )
: 0 2 y k x A = + hay : 2. y kx A = + A l tip tuyn khi v ch khi h
( )
( ) ( )
2
2
2 4 1
2
' 2
4 2
kx x x
x
k y x
x x

+ =

= =

Thay
( )
2 vo
( )
2
2
2
2
1 : 2 4
4
x x
x x
x x

+ =

2 0 : 2. x k y = = A =
-Mt khc
( )
C Ox ti 2 im
( ) ( )
0;0 , 4; 0 . O B Khi PT ng thng
( )
AB l
( )
: 1
4 2
x y
AB + = hay
( )
1
: 2.
2
AB y x = + Vy, iu kin cn v
PT c 2 nghim phn bit l ng thng d nm gia hai ng thng A
v
( )
1
0.
2
AB m < <









0,25